JP2021164073A - Vehicle window glass - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide a vehicle window glass having an antenna capable of receiving horizontally polarized waves with high sensitivity.SOLUTION: A vehicle window glass includes a glass plate and an antenna. The antenna includes a power feeding electrode for power feeding, a grounding electrode for grounding, a power feeding side element electrically connected to the power feeding electrode, and a ground side element electrically connected to the grounding electrode. The power feeding side element includes an L-shaped element containing at least a part of a power feeding side vertical element extending in a vertical direction, and a power feeding side first horizontal element extending in a first direction parallel to the horizontal direction, a power feeding side second horizontal element extending in the first direction along the power feeding side first horizontal element, and a power feeding side third horizontal element which is connected to the L-shaped element and extends in a second direction opposite to the first direction. The ground side element has a ground side horizontal element extending in a horizontal direction, and there is no element that extends in the second direction from the power feeding electrode.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

The present disclosure relates to vehicle windowpanes.

Conventionally, windowpanes for vehicles provided with an antenna for receiving terrestrial digital television broadcast waves are known (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-124822 JP-A-2009-049706

However, with the antennas described in these patent documents, the antenna gain is not sufficient, and it is difficult to receive horizontally polarized waves such as terrestrial digital television broadcast waves with high sensitivity.

The present disclosure provides a vehicle window glass provided with an antenna capable of receiving horizontally polarized waves with high sensitivity.

This disclosure is
It is a window glass for vehicles that can be attached to the window frame of the car body.
With a glass plate
It is provided on the glass plate and is provided with an antenna for receiving horizontally polarized waves.
When the window glass for a vehicle is viewed in a plan view with the window glass attached to the window frame, the direction parallel to the horizontal plane is defined as the horizontal direction, and the direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction is defined as the vertical direction.
The antenna is
Power supply electrode for power supply and
A ground electrode for grounding, which is arranged close to the feeding electrode,
A feeding side element electrically connected to the feeding electrode and
It has a ground side element that is electrically connected to the ground electrode.
The power feeding side element
An L-shaped element including at least a part of the feeding side vertical element extending in the vertical direction and a feeding side first horizontal element extending in the first direction parallel to the horizontal direction.
A second horizontal element on the feeding side extending in the first direction along the first horizontal element on the feeding side, and a second horizontal element on the feeding side.
It has a third horizontal element on the feeding side that is connected to the L-shaped element and extends in a second direction opposite to the first direction.
The ground side element is
It has a ground-side horizontal element that extends in the horizontal direction.
Provided is a window glass for a vehicle in which an element extending from the feeding electrode in the second direction does not exist.

According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a window glass for a vehicle provided with an antenna capable of receiving horizontally polarized waves with high sensitivity.

It is a figure which shows one configuration example of the window glass for a vehicle in one Embodiment in a plan view. It is a top view which shows one configuration example of an antenna. It is a top view which shows the 1st modification of an antenna. It is a top view which shows the 2nd modification of an antenna. It is a top view which shows the 3rd modification of an antenna. It is a top view which shows the 4th modification of an antenna. It is a top view which shows the 5th modification of an antenna. It is a figure which shows the window glass for a vehicle used at the time of the actual measurement of the antenna gain in a plan view.

Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings. For ease of understanding, the scale of each part in the drawing may differ from the actual scale. In the directions of parallel, right angle, orthogonal, horizontal, vertical, up and down, left and right, etc., a deviation that does not impair the effect of the embodiment is allowed. The shape of the corner portion is not limited to a right angle, and may be rounded in a bow shape. Parallel, right-angled, orthogonal, horizontal, and vertical may include substantially parallel, substantially right-angled, substantially orthogonal, substantially horizontal, and substantially vertical. The directions parallel to the X-axis (X-axis direction), the direction parallel to the Y-axis (Y-axis direction), and the direction parallel to the Z-axis (Z-axis direction) are the left-right direction (horizontal direction) of the glass plate and the glass, respectively. Indicates the vertical direction (vertical direction) of the plate and the direction perpendicular to the surface of the glass plate (also referred to as the normal direction). The X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction are orthogonal to each other.

The vehicle window glass according to the present disclosure includes any of the rear glass attached to the rear part of the vehicle, the windshield attached to the front part of the vehicle, the side glass attached to the side part of the vehicle, the roof glass attached to the ceiling part of the vehicle, and the like. It may be a window glass.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration example of a vehicle window glass according to an embodiment in a plan view. The window glass 101 shown in FIG. 1 is an example of a vehicle window glass attached to a window frame at the rear of the vehicle body. FIG. 1 is a plan view of the glass surface of the glass plate 60 of the window glass 101 when the window glass 101 attached to the window frame 71 at the rear of the vehicle body is viewed from the inside of the vehicle (inside the vehicle). show. The plan view of the window glass 101 is synonymous with the plan view of the glass plate 60. Hereinafter, the window glass 101 shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to the window glass 102 shown in FIG.

When the window glass 101 is viewed in a plan view with the window glass 101 attached to the window frame 71, the direction parallel to the horizontal plane is defined as "horizontal direction Hd", and the direction orthogonal to the horizontal direction Hd is defined as "vertical direction Vd". In the example shown in FIG. 1, the horizontal direction Hd corresponds to the X-axis direction (more specifically, the vehicle width direction), and the vertical direction Vd corresponds to the Y-axis direction (more specifically, the vertical direction of the vehicle). Corresponds to the direction).

In FIG. 1, the positive X-axis direction is an example of the first direction parallel to the horizontal direction Hd and the direction from the left bus bar 31 side to the right bus bar 32 side, and the negative X-axis direction is the first direction. This is an example of the second direction opposite to the one direction. Further, in FIG. 1, the positive Y-axis direction is an example of a third direction orthogonal to the first direction. The negative Y-axis direction is an example of the fourth direction opposite to the third direction.

The central virtual line 80 is a line extending in the Y-axis direction so as to divide the glass plate 60 in the X-axis direction in a plan view of the glass plate 60. For example, the central virtual line 80 can be said to be an axis that is line-symmetrical with the glass plate 60 in a plan view of the glass plate 60. In FIG. 1, when the glass plate 60 is divided into a first glass region and a second glass region by a central virtual line 80, the left region 81 is an example of the first glass region, and the right region 82 is the second glass region. This is an example.

The window frame 71 is, for example, a metal flange that forms an opening provided at the rear portion of the vehicle body. The window frame 71 has an upper frame 71a and a lower frame 71d facing each other in the vertical direction Vd, and a right frame 71c and a left frame 71b facing each other in the horizontal direction Hd. The window frame 71 may be a resin flange.

The window glass 101 mainly includes a glass plate 60, a defogger 30, and an antenna 1.

The glass plate 60 is an example of a glass plate for a vehicle window, and is fixed to the window frame 71. The glass plate 60 has a substantially quadrangular outer shape in a plan view. The outer edge of the glass plate 60 includes an upper edge 61a and a lower edge 61d facing each other in the vertical direction Vd, and a right edge 61c and a left edge 61b facing each other in the horizontal direction Hd. When the window glass 101 is viewed in a plan view with the window glass 101 attached to the window frame 71, the upper frame 71a, the lower frame 71d, the right frame 71c and the left frame 71b are the upper edge 61a, the lower edge 61d, the right edge 61c and the left edge 61b, respectively. Located inside.

The defogger 30 is an example of a conductor provided on the glass plate 60. In the example of the window glass 101 shown in FIG. 1, the defogger 30 is an example of an energization heating type defogger provided on the glass plate 60, and is a conductor pattern for removing fogging of the glass plate 60. The defogger 30 has a heating member 33 that heats the glass plate 60, and a plurality of bus bars that supply power to the heating member 33.

The heating member 33 is arranged between the left bus bar 31 and the right bus bar 32, and heats the glass plate 60 by applying a voltage through the left bus bar 31 and the right bus bar 32. By heating the glass plate 60, fogging of the glass plate 60 is removed. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the heating member 33 has a plurality of heater wires 33a to 33l extending along the horizontal direction Hd and arranged side by side in the vertical direction Vd.

In the present embodiment, 12 heater wires 33a to 33l extending in the horizontal direction Hd so as to run in parallel with each other and a pair of bus bars (left bus bar 31 and right bus bar 31) connected to the 12 heater wires 33a to 33l. 32) is provided on the glass plate 60. The left bus bar 31 is an example of the first bus bar, and the right bus bar 32 is an example of the second bus bar. By applying a voltage between the left bus bar 31 and the right bus bar 32, the 12 heater wires 33a to 33l are energized to generate heat, so that the glass plate 60 is removed from fogging.

The twelve heater wires 33a to 33l are conductor patterns connected between the left bus bar 31 and the right bus bar 32, and are arranged side by side in the vertical direction Vd. The heater wire 33a is a linear conductor located at the lowermost position among the plurality of heater wires 33a to 33l. The heater wire 33b is a linear conductor adjacent to at least a part of the heater wire 33a in the vertical direction Vd. The heater wire 33c is a linear conductor adjacent to the heater wire 33b in the vertical direction Vd. The heater wire 33b is located between at least a part of the heater wire 33a and the heater wire 33c in the vertical direction Vd.

The left bus bar 31 and the right bus bar 32 are band-shaped electrodes extending in the vertical direction Vd on both ends of the glass plate 60 in the horizontal direction Hd, and supply power to the heater wires 33a to 33l. The left bus bar 31 is a conductor pattern extending in the vertical direction of the glass plate 60 on the left edge 61b side of the defogger 30. The right bus bar 32 is a conductor pattern extending in the vertical direction of the glass plate 60 on the right edge 61c side of the defogger 30.

Similar to the window glass 102 shown in FIG. 8, the heating member 33 may have a plurality of short-circuit wires for short-circuiting at least two heater wires among the plurality of heater wires. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the first short-circuit line 34, the second short-circuit line 35, and the third short-circuit line 36 are shown, and in the plan view of the glass plate 60, the first short-circuit line 34 and the third short-circuit line 36 are , Are arranged symmetrically with respect to the second short circuit line 35.

The first short-circuit wire 34 short-circuits at least two heater wires including the heater wire 33b and the heater wire 33c among the plurality of heater wires 33b to 33k (33b to 33l in the case of FIG. 1) excluding the heater wire 33a. .. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the first short-circuit wire 34 is a linear element that short-circuits the heater wire 33b to the heater wire 33k, one end of which is located at the heater wire 33b and the other end of the heater wire. It is located at 33k. The first short-circuit wire 34 is a conductor pattern extending in the vertical direction Vd, and is the heater wire 33b and the heater wire among the plurality of heater wires 33b to 33k (33b to 33l in the case of FIG. 1) excluding the heater wire 33a. It intersects at least two heater wires, including 33c. The third short-circuit wire 36 may have the same configuration as the first short-circuit wire 34 or a different configuration, but preferably has the same configuration.

The second short-circuit wire 35 short-circuits at least two heater wires including the heater wire 33b and the heater wire 33c among the plurality of heater wires 33b to 33k (33b to 33l in the case of FIG. 1) excluding the heater wire 33a. .. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the second short-circuit wire 35 is a linear element that short-circuits the heater wire 33b to the heater wire 33k, one end of which is located at the heater wire 33b and the other end of the heater wire. It is located at 33k. The second short-circuit wire 35 is a conductor pattern extending in the vertical direction Vd, and is the heater wire 33b and the heater wire among the plurality of heater wires 33b to 33k (33b to 33l in the case of FIG. 1) excluding the heater wire 33a. It intersects at least two heater wires, including 33c. In the example shown in FIG. 8, the second short-circuit line 35 extends in the vertical direction Vd so as to overlap the central virtual line 80.

When each short-circuit line is provided in the defogger 30, the interval of the horizontal Hd from the left bus bar 31 to the first short-circuit line 34 is P1, and the interval of the horizontal Hd from the first short-circuit line 34 to the second short-circuit line 35 is set. P2, the interval of the horizontal Hd from the second short-circuit line 35 to the third short-circuit line 36 is P3, the interval of the horizontal Hd from the third short-circuit line 36 to the right bus bar 32 is P4, and the predetermined frequency band received by the antenna 1. Let λ be the wavelength of W in the air, and let k be the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate. At this time, the intervals P1, P2, P3 and P4 may all be set so as not to be (λ / 2) × k × N (N is an integer of 1 or more). By setting the intervals P1 to P4 in this way, it is possible to suppress the generation of a standing wave in the predetermined frequency band W in the defogger 30.

In FIG. 1, the heater wire 33a is provided on the outer surface of the glass plate 60 in an area where a wiper (not shown) moving around the rotation shaft 201 stands by, so that the heater wire 33a adheres to the wiper waiting in the area. Functions as a wiper deicer that melts ice and snow. The heater wire 33a is an example of a conductor located below the plurality of heater wires (in this example, the plurality of heater wires 33b to 33l). At least a portion of the conductor may have the same or different wire width as the heater streaks (thin or thick). If the area where the wiper stands by (near the stop position) is above the window glass 101 when viewed in a plan view with the window glass 101 attached to the window frame 71, the heater wire at the uppermost position of the defogger 30 is provided as a wiper deicer. May be done. Further, the heater wire 33a is not limited to the case where the heater wire 33a is provided to provide the function as the wiper deicer. For example, the heater wire 33a may be arranged at a position away from the standby position of the wiper, or may be arranged as a part of the defogger 30 of the vehicle without the wiper.

The glass plate 60 has a transmission region 51 that transmits visible light. A light-shielding film 50 that blocks visible light is provided on the outside of the transmission region 51. The light-shielding film 50 is provided on the outer peripheral edge of the glass plate 60, and has a transmission region 51 inside the inner edge 50a of the light-shielding film 50. The light-shielding film 50 has a thickness of a part of the defogger 30 (at least a part of the left bus bar 31, at least a part of the right bus bar 32, and a part of each of the heater wires 33a to 33l) and the glass plate 60 in a plan view. Overlapping in direction. The light-shielding film 50 may overlap with at least a part of the antenna 1 and at least a part of the antenna 2 in a plan view in the thickness direction of the glass plate 60. Specific examples of the light-shielding film 50 include ceramics such as a black ceramic film. When there is a portion of the glass plate 60 that overlaps with the light-shielding film 50 in a plan view, the overlapping portion becomes difficult to see when the window glass 101 is viewed from the outside of the vehicle. Therefore, the design of the window glass 101 and the vehicle is improved.

The antenna 1 is an example of the first antenna, and is a glass antenna provided on the glass plate 60. In the form shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the antenna 1 is arranged in the first region 83 between the heater wire 33a and the heater wire 33b so as not to physically contact other conductor wires such as the heater wire. ing. The heater wire 33b is an example of a first heater wire that is vertically adjacent to a conductor (in this example, the heater wire 33a) located below the plurality of heater wires among the plurality of heater wires. be. In this example, the antenna 1 is a conductor pattern provided in the first region 83, which is the lower right region in the defogger 30, and is spaced from other conductor wires (heater wires 33a, 33b, right bus bar 32, etc.). It is arranged with a space.

However, the present invention is not limited to the window glass 101 shown in FIG. 1 and the window glass 102 shown in FIG. The region may be arranged separately from the region of the defogger 30. Hereinafter, the antenna 1 will be described as a conductor pattern provided in the first region 83, which is the lower right region in the defogger 30, but the antenna 1 may be arranged outside the defogger 30 as described above. For example, in the form in which the antenna 1 is arranged in the outer region of the defogger 30, the antenna 1 may be arranged in the left region 81 (an example of the first glass region) and the right region 82 (an example of the second glass region). ), Or may be arranged in the left area 81 and the right area 82 so as to straddle the central virtual line 80. When the antenna 1 is outside the defogger 30, it may be arranged above the defogger 30.

The width A of the vertical Vd of the first region 83 is wider than the distance B between the two heater wires adjacent to each other in the vertical direction Vd among the plurality of heater wires 33b to 33l. In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the interval B is the distance in the vertical direction Vd between the heater wire 33b and the heater wire 33c, but any two adjacent heater wires 33b to 33l are adjacent to each other. It may be the distance between the heater wires of the book. The width A is, for example, the maximum width of the vertical Vd of the first region 83.

The antenna 1 is formed so as to be able to receive radio waves in the predetermined frequency band W, and resonates at a frequency in the predetermined frequency band W. For example, the antenna 1 is formed so as to be able to receive horizontally polarized waves, and is formed so as to be able to receive radio waves in the UHF (Ultra High Frequency) band having a frequency of 300 MHz to 3 GHz. The radio waves in the UHF band include terrestrial digital television broadcast waves of 470 MHz to 720 MHz, radio waves of the DAB standard L band (1452 MHz to 1492 MHz), and the like.

The antenna 1 may be formed so as to be able to receive vertically polarized waves, or may be formed so as to be able to receive radio waves in the VHF (Very High Frequency) band having a frequency of 30 MHz to 300 MHz. The VHF band radio waves include DAB (Digital Audio Broadcast) standard band III (174 MHz to 240 MHz) radio waves, FM broadcast waves, and the like.

The antenna 1 mainly includes a feeding electrode 41 for feeding, a ground electrode 42 for grounding, and a feeding side element 10 electrically connected to the feeding electrode 41. The antenna 1 is a bipolar antenna having a feeding electrode 41 and a ground electrode 42.

The power feeding electrode 41 is a power feeding unit electrically connected to one end of a power feeding line (not shown), and is arranged in the first region 83 in the form shown in FIGS. 1 and 8. The other end of the power supply line is electrically connected to a vehicle body side device such as a receiver. In this example, the feeding electrode 41 is a conductor pattern formed in a rectangular shape. The shape of the feeding electrode 41 may be another shape such as a circle or another polygon.

For example, the power feeding electrode 41 may be formed by printing a paste containing a conductive metal (for example, silver paste or the like) on the surface of the glass plate 60 and baking it, or is formed of a metal plate (metal leaf). You may. Other electrodes such as the defogger 30 and the ground electrode 42 and other elements such as the feeding side element 10 may also be formed by the same shape and forming method as the feeding electrode 41.

The ground electrode 42 is arranged close to the feeding electrode 41, and is arranged in the first region 83 in the form shown in FIGS. 1 and 8. The ground electrode 42 is electrically connected to, for example, the ground electrode of an amplifier (not shown) mounted on the feeding electrode 41. The ground electrode 42 may be grounded to the vehicle body by being electrically connected to the vehicle body (metal body).

In this example, the power feeding electrode 41 and the ground electrode 42 are arranged near the central virtual line 80 of the first region 83. The ground electrode 42 is arranged at a distance from the power feeding electrode 41. In this example, the feeding electrode 41 and the ground electrode 42 are aligned with each other in the horizontal direction Hd, but may be aligned with each other in a direction inclined with respect to the horizontal direction Hd or in a vertical direction Vd. For example, the feeding electrode 41 and the ground electrode 42 are located closer to the heater wire 33a than the feeding side element 10.

The power feeding side element 10 is an antenna element having an L-shaped element 13 electrically connected to the power feeding electrode 41, and is arranged in the first region 83. The L-shaped element 13 includes a power supply side vertical element 11 extending in the vertical direction Vd and a power supply side first horizontal element 12 extending in the first direction parallel to the horizontal direction Hd, and the power supply side vertical element 11 and power supply. It is formed in an L shape by the side first horizontal element 12.

The feeding side vertical element 11 is an antenna element that is electrically connected to the feeding electrode 41. In this example, the power feeding side vertical element 11 is directly connected to the power feeding electrode 41 at the connection point a, and is in the positive Y axis direction from the connection point a with the power feeding electrode 41 to the end portion b on the side in the positive Y axis direction. It is a linear pattern that extends linearly.

The first horizontal element 12 on the feeding side is an antenna element that is electrically connected to the feeding electrode 41. In this example, the first horizontal element 12 on the feeding side is connected to the end b of the vertical element 11 on the feeding side opposite to the side of the feeding electrode 41, and is an open end on the side in the positive X-axis direction from the end b. It is a linear pattern extending linearly in the positive X-axis direction up to c. The feeding side first horizontal element 12 has an element length longer than the element length of the feeding side vertical element 11.

Further, the feeding side element 10 has a feeding side second horizontal element 14 extending in the first direction parallel to the horizontal direction Hd along the feeding side first horizontal element 12 in order to secure the antenna gain of the antenna 1. The second horizontal element 14 on the feeding side is an antenna element that is electrically connected to the feeding electrode 41, and is directly connected to the vertical element 11 on the feeding side at a connection point d in order to secure the antenna gain of the antenna 1. For example, the second horizontal element 14 on the feeding side is a linear pattern extending linearly in the positive X-axis direction from the connection point d with the vertical element 11 on the feeding side to the open end e on the side in the positive X-axis direction. .. In this example, the power feeding side second horizontal element 14 extends parallel to the power feeding side first horizontal element 12 on the negative Y-axis direction side of the power feeding side first horizontal element 12. The second horizontal element 14 on the feeding side may be directly connected to the feeding electrode 41 instead of the vertical element 11 on the feeding side in order to secure the antenna gain of the antenna 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the power feeding side second horizontal element 14 has an element length shorter than the element length of the power feeding side first horizontal element 12, but as shown in FIG. 8, the element length of the power feeding side first horizontal element 12 It may have the above element length.

Further, the feeding side element 10 is connected to the L-shaped element 13 in order to secure the antenna gain of the antenna 1, and the feeding side first horizontal element 12 extends in the second direction opposite to the extending direction. It has a side third horizontal element 15. The third horizontal element 15 on the feeding side is an antenna element that is electrically connected to the feeding electrode 41, and is directly connected to the L-shaped element 13 in order to secure the antenna gain of the antenna 1. For example, the third horizontal element 15 on the feeding side is connected to the end b of the vertical element 11 on the feeding side opposite to the side of the feeding electrode 41, from the end b to the open end f on the negative X-axis direction side. It is a linear pattern extending linearly in the negative X-axis direction. In this example, in order to secure the antenna gain of the antenna 1, the feeding side third horizontal element 15 is on the same straight line as the feeding side first horizontal element 12, but it does not necessarily have to be on the same straight line. The third horizontal element 15 on the feeding side is directly connected not to the end portion b but to the intermediate portion (the portion between the connection point a and the end portion b) of the vertical element 11 on the feeding side in order to secure the antenna gain of the antenna 1. You may. The power feeding side third horizontal element 15 has an element length shorter than the element length of the power feeding side first horizontal element 12, but may have an element length equal to or larger than the element length of the power feeding side first horizontal element 12.

In the antenna 1 of the form shown in FIG. 1, the feeding electrode 41 and the ground electrode 42 are the window frames closest to the antenna 1 among the window frames 71 with respect to the feeding side first horizontal element 12 and the feeding side third horizontal element 15. It is located on the side of the portion (lower frame 71d in this example).

As described above, in the form shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the antenna 1 includes the feeding side first horizontal element 12, the feeding side second horizontal element 14, and the feeding side third horizontal element 15 extending in the horizontal direction Hd. Therefore, the antenna gain of the antenna 1 is particularly improved when receiving horizontally polarized waves (for example, terrestrial digital television broadcast waves), and horizontally polarized waves can be received with high sensitivity. As shown in FIG. 1, the antenna 1 can receive horizontally polarized waves more sensitively, for example, when the maximum external width in the horizontal direction Hd is longer than the maximum external width in the vertical direction Vd.

Further, when the antenna 1 is arranged in the first region 83 in the defogger 30 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the anti-fog region by the defogger 30 can be easily expanded. In this case, both the arrangement area of the defogger 30 and the reception performance of the antenna 1 can be secured.

Further, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the antenna 1 is arranged in the region inside the defogger 30, but the antenna 1 may be arranged in the region outside the defogger 30. In this case, since the feeding electrode 41 (43) and the ground electrode 42 (44) approach the metal window frame (for example, the lower frame 71d), the light-shielding film 50 makes it easier to conceal the antenna 1, and the design as a vehicle. Improves sex. Further, in this case, a predetermined conductive member transmitted to a signal line of a communication circuit (not shown) is electrically connected to the feeding electrode 41 (43) and the ground electrode 42 (44). As this conductive member, for example, a feeding line such as an AV line or a coaxial cable can be used. The AV line A represents a low-voltage electric wire for vehicles, and V represents vinyl.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the antenna 1 does not have an element extending from the feeding electrode 41 in the second direction (the negative X-axis direction in which the third horizontal element 15 on the feeding side extends). Since the antenna 1 does not have an element extending in the second direction from the feeding electrode 41, the antenna 1 has a conductive portion around the antenna 1 as compared with a form (not shown) in which an element extending in the second direction from the feeding electrode 41 exists. The electrical interference of the antenna can be reduced, and the decrease in antenna gain can be suppressed. The conductive portion around the antenna 1 is, for example, a metal window frame 71 or the like. This effect of suppressing the decrease in antenna gain is remarkable in the form in which the antenna 1 is arranged in the region outside the defogger 30. Further, this effect is obtained in the form in which the antenna 1 is arranged in the outer region of the defogger 30, and the feeding electrode 41 of the antenna 1 (in the form shown in FIG. 1) is more metal than the element connected to the feeding electrode 41. This is especially noticeable when it is arranged close to the window frame 71.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the antenna 1 is connected to the feeding side vertical element 11, and the element extending in the second direction (the negative X-axis direction in which the feeding side third horizontal element 15 extends) is fed. Only the side third horizontal element 15. As a result, it is possible to reduce electrical interference with the conductive portion around the antenna 1 and suppress a decrease in antenna gain, as compared with a form (not shown) in which an element extending in the second direction from the feeding electrode 41 is present. This effect is also remarkable in the form in which the antenna 1 is arranged in the region outside the defogger 30 as described above, and further, the feeding electrode 41 of the antenna 1 (in the form shown in FIG. 1) is the feeding electrode 41. This is especially noticeable when it is placed closer to the metal window frame 71 than the connecting element.

By the way, let λ be the wavelength in the air of the radio wave of the predetermined frequency band W received by the antenna 1, and let k be the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate. _{At this time, the element length L 1} from the feeding electrode 41 to the open end c of the feeding side element 10 via the L-shaped element 13 is (1/4) × λ × k or more (1/2) ×. When it is λ × k or less, the antenna gain of the predetermined frequency band W (for example, the frequency band of the terrestrial digital television broadcast wave) is improved. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the element length L ₁ is the element length of the feeding side vertical element 11 (from the connection point a to the end b) and the element length of the feeding side first horizontal element 12 (from the end b to the open end c). Is the sum of up to). In terms of improving the antenna gain of the predetermined frequency band W, the element length L ₁ is preferably (11/40) × λ × k or more (19/40) × λ × k or less, and (12/40) × λ × k. More preferably, it is k or more (18/40) × λ × k or less. When the element length L ₁ is less than (1/4) × λ × k, the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W tends to decrease as compared with the case of (1/4) × λ × k or more. When the element length L ₁ exceeds (1/2) × λ × k, the area for arranging the antenna 1 becomes larger than in the case of (1/2) × λ × k or less, and the antenna 1 can be arranged freely. The degree may be limited.

_{Further, let λ C} be the wavelength of radio waves in the air at the center frequency of the predetermined frequency band W. _{At this time, the element length L 1} is preferably (1/4) × λ _C × k or more (1/2) × λ × k or less, preferably (11/40), in order to improve the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W. ) × λ _C × k or more (19/40) × λ _C × k or less is more preferable, and (12/40) × λ _C × k or more (18/40) × λ _C × k or less is further preferable.

_{For example, the wavelength λ C} of radio waves in the air at the center frequency of 590 MHz in the frequency band (470 MHz to 710 MHz) of terrestrial digital television broadcasting waves is 508 mm. Therefore, when k = 0.64, by adjusting the element length _{L 1} below 162mm above 81 mm, the antenna gain is improved.

The wavelength λ of the radio wave in the predetermined frequency band W in the air may be any wavelength included in the predetermined frequency band W. For example, when the predetermined frequency band W is the frequency band of the terrestrial digital television broadcast wave, λ can take an arbitrary value in the range of 422 mm or more and 638 mm or less. The wavelength λ in air may be the same value as the wavelength λ in vacuum. The wavelength λ _{C in} air may be the same value as the wavelength λ _{C in vacuum.}

The antenna 1 has a second horizontal element 14 on the feeding side. _{The antenna 1 has an element length L 2} from the feeding electrode 41 to the open end e of the feeding side element 10 via the feeding side second horizontal element 14 of (1/4) × λ × k or more (1 /). 2) When it is × λ × k or less, the antenna gain of the predetermined frequency band W (for example, the frequency band of the terrestrial digital television broadcast wave) is improved. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the element length L ₂ is a part of the element length of the power feeding side vertical element 11 (from the connection point a to the connection point d) and the element length of the power feeding side second horizontal element 14 (from the connection point d). It is the sum of (up to the open end e). _{The element length L 2} is preferably (11/40) × λ × k or more (19/40) × λ × k or less, and (12/40) × λ × k, in terms of improving the antenna gain of the predetermined frequency band W. More preferably, it is k or more (18/40) × λ × k or less. When the element length L ₂ is less than (1/4) × λ × k, the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W tends to decrease as compared with the case of (1/4) × λ × k or more. When the element length L ₂ exceeds (1/2) × λ × k, the area for arranging the antenna 1 becomes larger than in the case of (1/2) × λ × k or less, and the antenna 1 can be arranged freely. The degree may be limited.

Further, in terms of improving the antenna gain of the predetermined frequency band W, the element length L ₂ is preferably (1/4) × λ _C × k or more (1/2) × λ × k or less, and (11/40). × λ _C × k or more (19/40) × λ _C × k or less is more preferable, and (12/40) × λ _C × k or more (18/40) × λ _C × k or less is further preferable.

_{The element length L 3} from the feeding electrode 41 to the open end f of the feeding side element 10 via the feeding side third horizontal element 15 is (1/8) × λ × k or more (1/4) × λ. When it is × k or less, the antenna gain of the predetermined frequency band W (for example, the frequency band of the terrestrial digital television broadcast wave) is improved. In the example shown in FIG. 1, the element length L ₃ is the element length of the feeding side vertical element 11 (from the connection point a to the end b) and the element length of the feeding side third horizontal element 15 (from the end b to the open end f). Is the sum of up to). In terms of improving the antenna gain of the predetermined frequency band W, the element length L ₃ is preferably (11/80) × λ × k or more (19/80) × λ × k or less, and (12/80) × λ × k. More preferably, it is k or more (18/80) × λ × k or less. When the element length L ₃ is less than (1/8) × λ × k, the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W tends to decrease as compared with the case of (1/8) × λ × k or more. When the element length L ₃ exceeds (1/4) × λ × k, the area for arranging the antenna 1 becomes larger than that in the case of (1/4) × λ × k or less, and the antenna 1 can be arranged freely. The degree may be limited.

Further, in terms of improving the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W, the element length L ₃ is preferably (1/8) × λ _C × k or more (1/4) × λ × k or less, and (11/80). _{Xλ C} × k or more (19/80) × λ _C × k or less is more preferable, and (12/80) × λ _C × k or more (18/80) × λ _C × k or less is further preferable.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the antenna 1 has a ground side element 20 electrically connected to the ground electrode 42. By having the ground side element 20, the antenna gain of the antenna 1 is improved. The ground side element 20 is a ground element arranged in the first region 83.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the ground side element 20 has a ground side horizontal element 21 extending in the horizontal direction Hd in order to secure the antenna gain of the antenna 1. The ground-side horizontal element 21 is a ground element that is electrically connected to the ground electrode 42, and is directly connected to the ground electrode 42 at a connection point g in order to secure the antenna gain of the antenna 1. For example, the ground-side horizontal element 21 is a linear pattern extending linearly in the positive X-axis direction from the connection point g with the ground electrode 42 to the open end h on the positive X-axis direction side. In this example, the ground side horizontal element 21 extends parallel to the power feeding side second horizontal element 14 on the negative Y-axis direction side of the feeding side second horizontal element 14. The length of the ground-side horizontal element 21 is shorter than that of the feeding-side first horizontal element 12, but it may be longer than or equal to the feeding-side first horizontal element 12.

Element length _{L E} from the ground electrode 42 up to the open end h of the ground side element 20 via the ground-side horizontal elements 21, (1/8) × λ × k or higher (1/4) × λ × k When the following, the antenna gain of the predetermined frequency band W (for example, the frequency band of the terrestrial digital television broadcast wave) is improved. 1, in the example shown in FIG. 8, element length L _E is equal to the element length of the ground-side horizontal elements 21 (from the connection point g to the open end h). From the viewpoint of improving the antenna gain of a predetermined frequency band W, element length _{L E} is, (11/80) × λ × k or higher (19/80) is preferably from × λ × k, (12/80) × λ × More preferably, it is k or more (18/80) × λ × k or less. When the element length L _E is a (1/8) less × λ × k, (1/8) × than that of the above lambda × k, the antenna gain of a predetermined frequency band W tends to decrease. When the element length L _E is greater than (1/4) × λ × k, (1/4) × as compared with the case of below lambda × k, area for arranging the antenna 1 is increased, the freedom of arrangement of the antenna 1 The degree may be limited.

Further, from the viewpoint of improving the antenna gain of a predetermined frequency band W, element length _{L E is, (1/8) × λ C ×} k or higher (1/4) or less it is preferred × λ × k, (11/80) _{Xλ C} × k or more (19/80) × λ _C × k or less is more preferable, and (12/80) × λ _C × k or more (18/80) × λ _C × k or less is further preferable.

In FIGS. 1 and 8, when the distance C between the heater wire 33b of the heating member 33 and the antenna 1 is 3 mm or more, the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W (for example, the frequency band of the terrestrial digital television broadcast wave) is improved. do. In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the interval C is the shortest distance between the heater wire 33b of the heating member 33 and at least one of the first horizontal element 12 on the feeding side and the third horizontal element 15 on the feeding side. In terms of improving the antenna gain of the predetermined frequency band W, the interval C is preferably 10 mm, more preferably 20 mm or more, and even more preferably 40 mm or more. When the interval C is less than 3 mm, the antenna gain in the predetermined frequency band W tends to decrease as compared with the case where the interval C is 3 mm or more. The upper limit of the interval C is not particularly limited, but if the interval C exceeds 100 mm, for example, the antenna 1 is too far from the heater wire 33b, so that the degree of freedom in arranging the antenna 1 may be limited. The preferable range of the interval C can be applied to the antenna 2 as well as the antenna 1. That is, in the antenna 2, the interval C is also the shortest distance between the heater wire 33b of the heating member 33 and at least one of the feeding side first horizontal element 212 and the feeding side third horizontal element 215.

The heater wire 33a has a first heater end 33aa connected to the heater wire 33b and a second heater end 33ab connected to the right bus bar 32. As a result, the antenna 1 may be arranged in the first region 83 surrounded by the heater wire 33a, the heater wire 33b, and the right bus bar 32. In this case, the electrical interference between the metal window frame 71 (particularly, the lower frame 71d) and the antenna 1 can be reduced, and the reduction in the antenna gain of the antenna 1 can be suppressed. The first heater end 33aa may be connected to the left bus bar 31 instead of the heater wire 33b. The second heater end 33ab may be connected to the heater wire 33b instead of the right bus bar 32.

Further, in this example, the feeding electrode 41 and the ground electrode 42 are located between the open end c of the feeding side element 10 and the rotating shaft 201, and are close to the rotating shaft 201. As a result, the cover that covers the wiper and the cover that covers the amplifier mounted on the feeding electrode 41 can be integrated, so that the number of cover parts can be reduced.

The windowpanes 101 and 102 may further include an antenna 2 provided on the glass plate 60, or may include only the antenna 2 without the antenna 1. The antenna 2 is an example of the second antenna, and is a glass antenna provided on the outside of the defogger 30. When the windowpanes 101 and 102 include the antenna 1 and the antenna 2 and the antenna 1 and the antenna 2 can receive radio waves of the same predetermined frequency band W, the antenna 1 and the antenna 2 are used as a 2-channel diversity antenna. can.

In this example, the antenna 2 is physically connected to another conductor wire such as a heater wire in a second region 84 sandwiched between the virtual wire 85 extending in the horizontal direction Hd from the heater wire 33a and the heater wire 33b of the defogger 30. It is arranged so that it does not touch the target. The virtual line 85 is, for example, a virtual extension line extending in the negative X-axis direction from the outermost line portion of the heater line 33a in the negative Y-axis direction. In this example, the antenna 2 is a conductor pattern provided in the second region 84, which is the lower left region in the defogger 30, and is spaced from other conductor wires (heater wires 33a, 33b, left bus bar 31, etc.). It is placed open.

Further, the antenna 2 may be arranged in the left region 81 (an example of the first glass region) or the right region 82 (an example of the second glass region), and is left so as to straddle the central virtual line 80. It may be arranged in the area 81 and the right area 82. Further, in the form in which the antenna 2 is arranged in the outer region of the defogger 30, the feeding electrode 43 of the antenna 2 (in the form shown in FIG. 1) is attached to the metal window frame 71 from the element connected to the feeding electrode 43. When arranged close to each other, electrical interference with the conductive portion around the antenna 2 can be reduced, and a decrease in antenna gain can be suppressed. When the antenna 2 is outside the defogger 30, it may be arranged above the defogger 30.

The heater wire 33a may pass between the heater wire 33b and the antenna 2. In this case, the first heater end 33aa may be connected to the heater wire 33b or may be connected to the left bus bar 31.

In the form shown in FIGS. 1 and 8, the second region 84 is the region outside the defogger 30, but may be the region inside the defogger 30 as in the first region 83. Further, as described above, the defogger 30 does not include the heater wire 33a, and the first region 83 and the second region 84 may be regions outside the defogger 30.

The antenna 2 is formed so as to be able to receive radio waves in a predetermined frequency band, and resonates at a frequency in the predetermined frequency band. For example, the antenna 2 is formed so as to be able to receive horizontally polarized waves, and is formed so as to be able to receive radio waves in the UHF band having a frequency of 300 MHz to 3 GHz (for example, terrestrial digital television broadcast waves). The antenna 2 may be formed so as to be able to receive radio waves in the VHF band of 30 MHz to 300 MHz (for example, radio waves in band III of the DAB standard). When the antenna 1 and the antenna 2 are 2-channel diversity antennas, the antenna 2 can receive radio waves in a predetermined frequency band W.

The antenna 2 has the same or similar configuration as the antenna 1. The antenna 2 has, as a main configuration, a feeding electrode 43 for feeding, a ground electrode 44 for grounding, and a feeding side element 210 electrically connected to the feeding electrode 43. The antenna 2 has a ground side element 220 that is electrically connected to the ground electrode 44.

The antenna 2 is a bipolar antenna having a feeding electrode 43 and a ground electrode 44. The power feeding side element 210 has an L-shaped element 213. The L-shaped element 213 includes a power feeding side vertical element 211 and a power feeding side first horizontal element 212. The power feeding side element 210 has a power feeding side second horizontal element 214 and a power feeding side third horizontal element 215. Further, the ground side element 220 has a ground side horizontal element 221. Since the antenna 2 has the same or similar configuration as the antenna 1, further detailed description of the antenna 2 will be omitted by referring to the above description of the antenna 1.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the antenna 1 shown in FIG. In FIG. 2, the virtual line extending in the vertical direction Vd through the feeding electrode 41 is defined as the boundary line 86, and the region in the first direction (positive X-axis direction) from the boundary line 86 is defined as the first area 87. The region in the second direction (negative X-axis direction) is defined as the second zone 88. At this time, of the power feeding side elements 10, only the power feeding side third horizontal element 15 is arranged in the second area 88. As a result, it is possible to reduce electrical interference with the conductive portion around the antenna 1 and suppress a decrease in antenna gain, as compared with a form (not shown) in which an element extending in the second direction from the feeding electrode 41 is present. Further, among the power feeding side elements 10, only the elements (not shown) connected to the power feeding side third horizontal element 15 and the power feeding side third horizontal element 15 may be arranged in the second area 88. Further, the element (not shown) is a linear pattern extending from the vicinity of the end portion f of the third horizontal element 15 on the power feeding side in a direction not parallel to the negative X-axis direction. That is, when the element existing in the second area 88 has the feeding side third horizontal element 15 and an element (not shown), the element may have only one open end (not shown). Similarly, in this case as well, electrical interference with the conductive portion around the antenna 1 can be reduced, and a decrease in antenna gain can be suppressed.

In FIG. 2, the range 86a sandwiched by the dotted line represents a region that the boundary line 86 can take. The boundary line 86 can be set as a line passing through a central portion sandwiched between the right side, the left side, or both sides of the feeding electrode 41. The boundary line 86 is set to, for example, a line extending along the feeding side vertical element 11. The boundary line 86 may be a virtual line passing through the center of the width of the feeding electrode 41 in the X-axis direction (indicated by a two-dot chain line), or a virtual line passing through the negative X-axis end of the feeding electrode 41 (indicated by a dotted line). Alternatively, it may be a virtual line (indicated by a dotted line) passing through the positive X-axis end of the feeding electrode 41.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the ground electrode 42 is arranged in the first area 87, but may be arranged in the second area 88, or may be arranged across the first area 87 and the second area 88. May be good. By arranging the ground electrode 42 in the first area 87, it is possible to reduce the electrical interference between the ground electrode 42 and the ground side element 20 and the conductive portion around the antenna 1, and suppress the decrease in the antenna gain of the antenna 1. can.

Next, a modified example of the antenna will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 7. The antenna 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 8 may be replaced with any of the antennas shown in FIGS. 3 to 7. The antenna 2 shown in FIGS. 1 and 8 may be replaced with an antenna in which any of the antennas shown in FIGS. 3 to 7 is inverted left and right. Further, the replaced antenna may be arranged in the region outside the defogger.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a first modification of the antenna. In the antenna 1A shown in FIG. 3, the feeding side second horizontal element 14 is directly connected to the feeding electrode 41. Therefore, in the antenna 1A, the ground electrode 42 is arranged so as to be displaced in the negative Y-axis direction from the feeding electrode 41.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a second modification of the antenna. In the antenna 1B shown in FIG. 4, the feeding side third horizontal element 15 is an intermediate portion of the feeding side vertical element 11 (a portion between the connection point a and the end portion b, excluding the connection point a and the end portion b). Is directly connected to.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a third modification of the antenna. In the antenna 1C shown in FIG. 5, the feeding side third horizontal element 15 is not on the same straight line as the feeding side first horizontal element 12. The power feeding side third horizontal element 15 is connected to the end portion b of the power feeding side vertical element 11 on the side opposite to the side of the power feeding electrode 41. The first horizontal element 12 on the feeding side is connected to the vertical element 11 on the feeding side located in the negative Y-axis direction from the end b (and in the positive Y-axis direction from the connection point d on the vertical element 11 on the feeding side). ing.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a fourth modification of the antenna. In the antenna 1D shown in FIG. 6, the second horizontal element 14 on the feeding side is in a direction different from the parallel direction Hd from the connection point d different from the connection point a between the feeding electrode 41 and the vertical element 11 on the feeding side, for example, the vertical direction. It is connected to the feeding electrode 41 via the feeding side connecting element 16 extending to Vd. In the antenna 1D shown in FIG. 6, the feeding side connection element 16 extends from the connection point d in the positive Y-axis direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the power feeding side connection element 16 has a parallel direction Hd, for example, a direction at an angle of 45 ° to the positive Y axis direction side with respect to the X axis direction from an arbitrary connection point of the power feeding electrode 41. However, a curve or the like may be included as long as it extends in the direction of extending toward the first horizontal element 12 on the power feeding side. Further, in the antenna 1D shown in FIG. 6, the boundary line 86 (not shown) may be a Y-axis direction line (line A) passing through the negative X-axis direction end of the feeding electrode 41, and overlaps with the feeding side vertical element 11. It may be a line (line B) in the Y-axis direction. Then, the antenna 1D is divided into a first area 87 and a second area 88 by a boundary line 86 (not shown) extending in the Y-axis direction in the range from line A to line B.

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing a fifth modification of the antenna. In the antenna 1E shown in FIG. 7, the ground-side horizontal element 21 is grounded via the ground-side connecting element 22 extending from the connection point g with the ground electrode 42 in a direction different from the parallel direction Hd, for example, in the vertical direction Vd. It is connected to the electrode 42. In the antenna 1E shown in FIG. 7, the ground-side connection element 22 extends from the connection point g in the positive Y-axis direction. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the ground-side connecting element 22 may extend from an arbitrary connection point of the ground electrode 42 in the negative Y-axis direction and be connected to the ground-side horizontal element 21, for example, in the X-axis direction. On the other hand, it may be stretched in a direction different from the parallel direction Hd such as a direction of an angle of 45 ° (to the Y-axis direction side), or in an arbitrary direction including a curve or the like.

Next, the result of actually measuring the antenna gain using the vehicle window glass according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described.

FIG. 8 is a view showing a window glass for a vehicle used at the time of actual measurement of the antenna gain in a plan view. Table 1 shows an example of the measurement result of the antenna gain in the frequency band of the terrestrial digital television broadcasting wave when the interval C and the presence / absence of the element are changed. The antenna gain shown in Table 1 was measured at each frequency in the frequency band of the terrestrial digital television broadcast wave by calculating the average value Ga of the antenna gain measured at each predetermined angle in the rear half circumference range of the vehicle in the horizontal plane. It represents a value (average gain) obtained by further averaging the average value Ga of horizontally polarized waves.

表１に示すように、間隔Ｃを徐々に拡げることによって、アンテナ１，２のそれぞれの平均利得が高くなる結果が得られた。

As shown in Table 1, by gradually increasing the interval C, the average gain of each of the antennas 1 and 2 was increased.

表２は、図８に示す形態において、ヒータ線３３ａを削除した場合の、アンテナ１の地上デジタルテレビ放送波の周波数帯のアンテナ利得の測定結果の一例を示す。つまり、表２は、アンテナ１がデフォッガ３０の外側に配置された場合の測定結果の一例を示す。表２に示すアンテナ利得は、水平面内の車両後方側半周範囲を所定の角度毎に測定されたアンテナ利得の平均値Ｇａを算出し、地上デジタルテレビ放送波の周波数帯の各周波数で測定された水平偏波の平均値Ｇａを更に平均した値（平均利得）を表す。

Table 2 shows an example of the measurement result of the antenna gain in the frequency band of the terrestrial digital television broadcast wave of the antenna 1 when the heater wire 33a is deleted in the form shown in FIG. That is, Table 2 shows an example of the measurement result when the antenna 1 is arranged outside the defogger 30. The antenna gain shown in Table 2 was measured at each frequency in the frequency band of the terrestrial digital television broadcast wave by calculating the average value Ga of the antenna gain measured at each predetermined angle in the rear half circumference range of the vehicle in the horizontal plane. It represents a value (average gain) obtained by further averaging the average value Ga of horizontally polarized waves.

As shown in Table 2, the result was obtained that the average gain of the antenna 1 was increased by gradually increasing the interval C.

When measuring the antenna gain, the dimensions of each part shown in FIG. 8 are measured in mm.
L ₁ : 115
L ₂ : 130
L ₃ : 75
L _E: 75
A: 40
B: 20
Distance D: 45 between the third horizontal element 15 on the power feeding side and the lower frame 71d (see FIG. 1)
Distance between the connection point a and the end b of the feeding electrode: 15
Is.

At this time, the interval P1 in the horizontal direction from the left bus bar 31 to the first short circuit line 34, the interval P2 in the horizontal direction Hd from the first short circuit line 34 to the second short circuit line 35, and the second short circuit line 35 to the third short circuit The horizontal Hd spacing P3 to the line 36 and the horizontal Hd spacing P4 from the third short-circuit line 36 to the right bus bar 32 were set so as not to be (λ / 2) × k × N (λ / 2) × k × N ( N is an integer greater than or equal to 1). Λ is a wavelength range of 422 mm to 638 mm in the air in the frequency band (470 MHz to 710 MHz) of the terrestrial digital television broadcasting wave, and k is the wavelength shortening rate of 0.64 of the glass plate 60.

Although the embodiments have been described above, the technique of the present disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments. Various modifications and improvements such as combination and replacement with some or all of other embodiments are possible.

For example, the first region in which the first antenna is arranged may be a region between the heater wire 30l located at the uppermost position and the heater wire 30k located at the second upper position among the plurality of heater wires. Alternatively, the first region in which the first antenna is arranged is between the adjacent intermediate heater wires among the plurality of heater wires excluding the heater wire located at the uppermost position and the heater wire located at the lowermost position. It may be a region (for example, a region between the heater wire 33b and the heater wire 33c). The same applies to the second region where the second antenna is arranged.

Further, the area where the first antenna and the second antenna are arranged may be a margin area below the heater line located at the lowermost position among the plurality of heater lines, or may be the uppermost area among the plurality of heater lines. It may be a margin area above the located heater wire. Further, the heating member 33 is not limited to the heater wire, and may be, for example, a transparent conductive film.

Further, the element and the heater wire are not limited to the pattern including a straight line, and may be a pattern including a curved line.

1, 2 Antenna 10 Feeding side element 11 Feeding side vertical element 12 Feeding side 1st horizontal element 13 L-shaped element 14 Feeding side 2nd horizontal element 15 Feeding side 3rd horizontal element 16 Feeding side connection element 20 Grounding side element 21 Earth Side horizontal element 22 Ground side connection element 30 Defogger 31 Left bus bar 32 Right bus bar 33 Heating member 33a Heater wire (an example of wiper deicer)
33b to 33l heater wire (an example of heater wire strip)
33la Connection line 34 1st short-circuit line 35 2nd short-circuit line 36 3rd short-circuit line 41,43 Feeding electrode 42,44 Earth electrode 50 Light-shielding film 51 Transmission area 60 Glass plate 71 Window frame 80 Center virtual line 81 Left area 82 Right area 83 1st area 84 2nd area 85 Virtual line 86 Boundary line 87 1st area 88 2nd area 101,102 Window glass 201 Rotating axis

Claims (23)

It is a window glass for vehicles that can be attached to the window frame of the car body.
With a glass plate
It is provided on the glass plate and is provided with an antenna for receiving horizontally polarized waves.
When the window glass for a vehicle is viewed in a plan view with the window glass attached to the window frame, the direction parallel to the horizontal plane is defined as the horizontal direction, and the direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction is defined as the vertical direction.
The antenna is
Power supply electrode for power supply and
A ground electrode for grounding, which is arranged close to the feeding electrode,
A feeding side element electrically connected to the feeding electrode and
It has a ground side element that is electrically connected to the ground electrode.
The power feeding side element
An L-shaped element including at least a part of the feeding side vertical element extending in the vertical direction and a feeding side first horizontal element extending in the first direction parallel to the horizontal direction.
A second horizontal element on the feeding side extending in the first direction along the first horizontal element on the feeding side, and a second horizontal element on the feeding side.
It has a third horizontal element on the feeding side that is connected to the L-shaped element and extends in a second direction opposite to the first direction.
The ground side element is
It has a ground-side horizontal element that extends in the horizontal direction.
A window glass for a vehicle in which an element extending from the feeding electrode in the second direction does not exist. The window glass for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the third horizontal element on the feeding side is connected to an end portion of the vertical element on the feeding side opposite to the side of the feeding electrode. The window glass for a vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the element connected to the power feeding side vertical element and extending in the second direction is only the power feeding side third horizontal element. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the power feeding side third horizontal element is on the same straight line as the power feeding side first horizontal element. The virtual line extending in the vertical direction through the feeding electrode is used as a boundary line, the region in the first direction from the boundary line is used as the first area, and the area in the second direction from the boundary line is used as the second area. When
Of the power feeding side elements, only the power feeding side third horizontal element, or only the elements connected to the power feeding side third horizontal element and the power feeding side third horizontal element are arranged in the second area. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 4. The vehicle window glass according to claim 5, wherein the boundary line extends along the power feeding side vertical element. The vehicle window glass according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the ground electrode is arranged in the first area. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the first horizontal element on the feeding side is connected to an end portion of the vertical element on the feeding side opposite to the side of the feeding electrode. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the power feeding side second horizontal element is connected to the power feeding side vertical element. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the second horizontal element on the power feeding side is connected to the power feeding electrode. The power feeding side second horizontal element is different from the horizontal direction from a connection point different from the connection point between the power feeding electrode and the power feeding side vertical element, and is a power feeding side connection extending in the direction of the power feeding side first horizontal element. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which is connected to the feeding electrode via an element. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the ground-side horizontal element is connected to the ground electrode via a ground-side connection element extending from the ground electrode in a direction different from the horizontal direction. Window glass for vehicles. When the wavelength of the radio wave in the air of the predetermined frequency band received by the antenna is λ and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is k.
_{The element length L 1} from the feeding electrode to the open end of the feeding side element via the L-shaped element is (1/4) × λ × k or more (1/2) × λ × k or less. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 12. When the wavelength of the radio wave in the air of the predetermined frequency band received by the antenna is λ and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is k.
_{The element length L 2} from the feeding electrode to the open end of the feeding side element via the feeding side second horizontal element is (1/4) × λ × k or more (1/2) × λ ×. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 13, which is k or less. When the wavelength of the radio wave in the air of the predetermined frequency band received by the antenna is λ and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is k.
_{The element length L 3} from the feeding electrode to the open end of the feeding side element via the feeding side third horizontal element is (1/8) × λ × k or more (1/4) × λ ×. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 14, which is k or less. When the wavelength of the radio wave in the air of the predetermined frequency band received by the antenna is λ and the wavelength shortening rate of the glass plate is k.
The element length from the ground electrode to reach the open end of the ground-side element via the ground-side horizontal element L _E is, (1/8) × λ × k or higher (1/4) × λ × k or less The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 15. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the antenna has a maximum outer width in the horizontal direction longer than the maximum outer width in the vertical direction. The power feeding electrode and the ground electrode are located on the side of the window frame closest to the antenna with respect to the feeding side first horizontal element and the feeding side third horizontal element. The vehicle window glass according to any one of 17 to 17. A conductor provided on the glass plate is provided.
The conductor is arranged between the first bus bar and the second bus bar extending in the vertical direction on both ends of the glass plate in the horizontal direction, and the first bus bar and the second bus bar, and said. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 18, further comprising a first bus bar and a heating member that heats the glass plate by applying a voltage through the second bus bar. The vehicle window glass according to claim 19, wherein the heating member has a plurality of heater streaks extending along the horizontal direction and arranged side by side in the vertical direction. The vehicle window glass according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the distance between the antenna and the heating member is 3 mm or more. The vehicle window glass according to claim 21, wherein the interval is the shortest distance between at least one of the power feeding side first horizontal element and the power feeding side third horizontal element and the heating member. The vehicle window glass according to any one of claims 1 to 22, wherein the antenna receives a terrestrial digital television broadcast wave.

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