WO2018127185A1 - 电池加解锁装置 - Google Patents

电池加解锁装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018127185A1
WO2018127185A1 PCT/CN2018/071797 CN2018071797W WO2018127185A1 WO 2018127185 A1 WO2018127185 A1 WO 2018127185A1 CN 2018071797 W CN2018071797 W CN 2018071797W WO 2018127185 A1 WO2018127185 A1 WO 2018127185A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unlocking
battery
motor
torque limiter
unlocking device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/071797
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郝战铎
丁习坤
Original Assignee
上海蔚来汽车有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 filed Critical 上海蔚来汽车有限公司
Publication of WO2018127185A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018127185A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of power exchange, and particularly relates to a battery unlocking device.
  • Replacing the battery can achieve rapid replenishment of the electric vehicle's energy, making the electric vehicle replenish energy as easily as the fuel truck refueling.
  • Electric vehicles that use the battery replacement mode to replenish energy many of them install the power battery in the electric vehicle chassis, so that the power battery is separated from the occupants, which not only improves the utilization space of the electric vehicle, but also fully guarantees the driving.
  • the safety of the passengers also reduces the focus of the electric vehicle and improves the handling performance of the electric vehicle. Therefore, the chassis type battery installation and replacement technology has become the development direction of replacing the battery type electric electric vehicle technology.
  • the installation method is generally designed as a screw rotation tightening structure, and a plurality of locking points are set.
  • the manual method is labor intensive, the time is long, and the torque is difficult to control. Therefore, automatic equipment is often used for replacement.
  • the existing battery replacement device adopts a method of separately setting and unlocking a set of motors at each locking point, and since each motor is also equipped with a speed reducer and a driver at the same time, the unlocking action can be completed, so the current
  • the battery replacement device uses many components, is complicated in control, large in size, heavy in weight, and takes up a large space, and cannot meet the requirement of changing power in a small space.
  • the battery unlocking device includes: at least one motor; each of the motors is coupled with an unlocking set, the unlocking set includes a plurality of unlocking members; and the unlocking member is drivable by the motor Move in a manner that is close to/away from the power battery pack.
  • the plurality of unlocking members connected to each of the motors are connected in series with each other, and the power output end of the motor is coupled to the unlocking member at the end.
  • the plurality of unlocking members are connected by an intermediate member capable of respectively positioning the plurality of unlocking members in a fixed position.
  • the intermediate member is a universal joint or a drive shaft.
  • the unlocking member includes a speed reducing device, a torque limiter, and an unlocking tool head, wherein the torque limiter is disposed on the speed reducing device, and the unlocking tool a head coupled to the torque limiter; the deceleration device drives the unlocking tool head to rotate by the torque limiter driven by the motor, and as a torque value for the torque limiter exceeds The preset unlocking tool head is disengaged from the torque limiter.
  • the speed reducing device is a worm gear reducing device, and the worm gear of the worm gear reducing device has a double-sided protruding shaft.
  • the worm gear of the worm gear reduction device has a one-sided output shaft, and the torque limiter is fixed to the one-sided output shaft.
  • the battery unlocking device further includes a programmable logic controller capable of rotating at least one of the motors in a predetermined logic.
  • the programmable logic controller is further capable of receiving a signal of the torque limiter, and when the programmable logic controller receives the locking signal output by the torque limiter The programmable logic controller controls the motor to stop, and in the case that the programmable logic controller does not receive the locking signal output by the torque limiter, when the motor rotates forward/reverse The programmable logic controller controls the motor to stop when the time of the revolution reaches a preset value.
  • the motor is a servo motor.
  • a motor is used to drive a group of unlocking groups to realize locking/unlocking of a locking mechanism of a battery pack of a plurality of position points by a motor, and the control is simple, only one single-chip microcomputer is needed. Or the PLC can realize the control of the motor, the structure reduces the number of components, making the entire unlocking device smaller, lighter and occupying less space. Further, the present invention prevents the damage of the locking mechanism of the battery pack by preventing the excessive torque from being provided by the torque limiter on the output side of the unlocking member.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a battery unlocking device connecting and unlocking group according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the battery unlocking device of the present invention connected to a single unlocking member.
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be a fixed connection, for example, or It is a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be internal communication between the two elements.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • the battery unlocking device of the present invention comprises at least one motor 1, each motor 1 is connected with an unlocking group, the unlocking group includes a plurality of unlocking members 2, and the unlocking member 2 can be in the motor Drive 1 to move around the power battery pack.
  • the structure of each part in this embodiment will be described in detail below with reference to FIG.
  • the output end of the motor 1 is connected to the battery unlocking member 2 via a coupling 3, which mainly includes a speed reducing device 21, a torque limiter 22, and an unlocking tool head 23.
  • the deceleration device 21 is provided with a torque limiter 22, and the torque limiter 22 is connected with an unlocking tool head 23.
  • the deceleration device 21 drives the unlocking tool head 23 to rotate by the torque limiter 22, and thus
  • the unlocking tool head 23 is enabled to lock the power battery, such as to a battery compartment, or to unlock, such as from a battery compartment.
  • the unlocking tool head 23 is disengaged from the torque limiter 22, and the unlocking tool head 23 stops rotating, as in the restriction of the locking mechanism of the battery pack.
  • the torque limiter 22 begins to idle.
  • the reduction gear 21 is a worm gear reduction device
  • the worm of the worm gear reduction device has a double-sided extension shaft
  • the worm gear of the worm gear reduction device has a single-sided output shaft.
  • the output end of the motor 1 is connected to the extension shaft on one side of the worm through the coupling 3
  • the extension shaft on the other side is connected to other worm gear reduction devices through an intermediate piece (such as a transmission shaft or a universal joint).
  • the torque limiter 22 is fixed to the one-sided output shaft, and the unlocking tool head 23 can be detachably mounted to the torque limiter 22.
  • the unlocking tool head 23 When the power battery pack needs to be locked/unlocked, the unlocking tool head 23 is aligned with the locking mechanism of the power battery pack. Under the driving of the motor 1, the worm drives the worm wheel to rotate, and the worm wheel drives the torque limiter 22 to rotate. The limiter 22 drives the unlocking tool head 23 to rotate, so that the unlocking tool head 23 can lock/unlock the locking mechanism of the power battery pack.
  • the motor 1 is connected with an unlocking group, and the unlocking group includes a plurality of unlocking members 2, and the output end of the motor 1 is connected with the first unlocking member 2 at the end, and the first one is unlocked.
  • the member 2 is connected to the next unlocking member 2 via the transmission shaft 4, and the next unlocking member 2 is connected to the next lower unlocking member 2 through the universal joint 5, thereby sequentially connecting the plurality of the unlocking members 2 in series .
  • the plurality of unlocking members 2 can realize the locking/unlocking operation at the set position.
  • the transmission shaft 4 is coupled to the one side extension shaft of the worm of the worm gear reduction device through a coupling, and a person skilled in the art may apply a plurality of unlocking members according to a practical application scenario.
  • the specific position of 2 is selected to use the drive shaft 4 or the universal joint 5 to add the unlocking member 2 in series.
  • the battery unlocking device of the present invention further includes a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) through which at least one motor 1 can be rotated by a predetermined logic, and the PLC can also receive the torque limiter 22 signal.
  • a PLC Programmable Logic Controller
  • the PLC can also receive the torque limiter 22 signal.
  • the motor 1 is shown in FIG. 2 to connect a set of unlocking groups consisting of a plurality of in-line unlocking members 2, in some application scenarios, such as in multiple battery packs.
  • the battery unlocking device may further include a plurality of motors 1 each connected to a set of unlocking groups, each of which includes a suitable number of The unlocking member 2 is added, under the control of the PLC, to realize the locking/unlocking operation of the locking mechanism of the power battery pack by the battery adding and unlocking device.
  • logic such as the time of forward/reverse rotation of the motor 1 can be set by the PLC.
  • the motor 1 is controlled to rotate forward by the PLC, and the locking mechanism of the power battery pack is locked by the forward torque transmitted to the unlocking tool head 23.
  • the unlocking tool head 23 is disengaged from the torque limiter 22 under the restriction of the locking mechanism of the battery pack, at which time the torque limiter 22 starts Slip (idle), and then output a lock signal to the PLC.
  • the PLC controls the motor 1 to stop.
  • the PLC controls the motor 1 to stop and issues an alarm signal, which can be processed by the field personnel in other ways.
  • the locking signal from the torque limiter 22 has not been received, indicating that the torque limiter 22 continues to drive and unlock the tool.
  • the head 23 is rotated, and a possible situation is that the unlocking tool head 23 is disengaged from the locking mechanism of the battery pack, and the locking can be manually changed at this time.
  • the motor 1 is reversed by the PLC, and the locking mechanism of the power battery pack is unlocked by the reverse torque transmitted to the unlocking tool head 23.
  • the PLC controls the motor 1 to stop, and all the unlocking tool heads 23 stop rotating, and the unlocking is completed.
  • the torque limiter 22 starts to slip (idle), thereby outputting a lock signal, and the PLC controls the motor 1 to stop and sends an alarm signal to the field personnel. Use other methods for processing.
  • the battery unlocking device of the present invention can be applied to a scene in which a power battery pack needs to be unlocked, such as a power battery pack of an electric vehicle chassis, a battery rack for a power storage battery, or some production workshops. In the scene.
  • the control of the motor 1 can also be realized by a single chip instead of a PLC.
  • the speed reducer 21 can also replace the worm gear reducer by other types of speed reducers, as long as the rotation of the motor 1 can be transmitted to the unlocking tool head 23.
  • the motor is preferably a servo motor.
  • the output shaft of the motor 1 with a connecting member having a plurality of output shafts, each of which can be connected to an unlocking group, which is equivalent to
  • the motor 1 is converted into a structure having a plurality of output shafts by the connecting member, thereby realizing a situation in which a plurality of parallel unlocking groups can be connected to one motor 1, wherein the connecting member can be any member capable of meeting requirements, such as A combination of gears and connecting rods, etc.

Abstract

一种电池加解锁装置，用于实现动力电池包的装卸，电池加解装置包括至少一个电机（1），每个电机（1）连接有加解锁组，加解锁组包括多个加解锁构件（2），并且，加解锁构件（2）能够在电机（1）的驱动下，以接近/远离动力电池包的方式移动。

Description

电池加解锁装置 技术领域
本发明属于换电技术领域，具体涉及一种电池加解锁装置。
背景技术
随着汽车保有量的急剧增加，传统的燃油、燃气或者混合动力汽车等基于发动机的汽车不可避免地存在能源供应压力极大的问题，而且也会伴随尾气污染的问题。针对于此，大规模地推广电动汽车是保障汽车工业可持续发展的重要战略选择，电动汽车的发展目前由于受限于电池技术，电池容量和充电时间是现阶段不可回避的问题。换电技术的出现通过直接更换动力电池的方式实现了电动汽车能量的快速补给，给电动汽车的发展带来了曙光。
更换电池能实现电动汽车能量的快速补给，使得电动汽车补充能量如同燃油车加油那样便捷。采用电池更换模式来补充能量的电动汽车，很多都将动力电池安装在电动汽车底盘，使动力电池与驾乘人员隔开，这样一来，既提高了电动汽车的利用空间，又能充分保障驾乘人员的安全，同时也降低了电动汽车的重心，提升了电动汽车的操控性能。因此，底盘式电池安装及更换技术成为更换电池式电动电动汽车技术的发展方向。
由于动力电池具有体积大、重量重的特点，为了保证底盘式电池的安全，其安装方式一般设计为螺纹旋转拧紧结构，并且设置多个锁紧点。在进行电池更换时，由于手动方式劳动强度大、时间长且力矩不易控制，因此，多采用自动化设备来进行更换。但是，现有的电池更换装置多采用在每个锁紧点分别设置一套电机对应进行加解锁的方式，而且由于每套电机还同时要配备减速机、驱动器才能完成加解锁动作，因此目前的电池更换装置使用的元器件多、控制复杂、体积大、重量重且占用空间也较大，不能满足在狭小空间内换电的需求。
因此，本领域需要一种新的装置来解决上述问题。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，即为了解决现有电池更换装置元器件多、控制复杂以及占用空间大等问题，本发明提出了一种电池加解锁装置。该电池加解锁装置包括：至少一个电机；每个所述电机连接有加解锁组，该加解锁组包括多个加解锁构件；并且，所述加解锁构件能够在所述电机的驱动下，以接近/远离所述动力电池包的方式移动。
在上述电池加解锁装置的优选实施方式中，与每个所述电机连接的所述多个加解锁构件之间相互串联，且该电机的动力输出端与处于端部的加解锁构件相连接。
在上述电池加解锁装置的优选实施方式中，所述多个加解锁构件之间通过中间件连接，该中间件能够使所述多个加解锁构件分别处于固定位置。
在上述电池加解锁装置的优选实施方式中，所述中间件为万向节或传动轴。
在上述电池加解锁装置的优选实施方式中，所述加解锁构件包括减速装置、扭矩限制器和加解锁工具头，其中，所述扭矩限制器设置在所述减速装置上，所述加解锁工具头连接至所述扭矩限制器；在所述电机的驱动下，所述减速装置通过所述扭矩限制器带动所述加解锁工具头转动，并且，当作用于所述扭矩限制器的扭矩值超出预设值时，所述加解锁工具头脱离所述扭矩限制器。
在上述电池加解锁装置的优选实施方式中，所述减速装置为蜗轮蜗杆减速装置，所述蜗轮蜗杆减速装置的蜗杆具有双侧伸出轴。
在上述电池加解锁装置的优选实施方式中，所述蜗轮蜗杆减速装置的蜗轮具有单侧输出轴，所述扭矩限制器固定于所述单侧输出轴。
在上述电池加解锁装置的优选实施方式中，所述电池加解锁装置还包括可编程逻辑控制器，所述可编程逻辑控制器能够使至少一个所述电机以预设的逻辑转动。
在上述电池加解锁装置的优选实施方式中，所述可编程逻辑控制器还能够接收所述扭矩限制器的信号，当所述可编程逻辑控制 器接收到所述扭矩限制器输出的锁紧信号时，所述可编程逻辑控制器控制所述电机停机，以及，在所述可编程逻辑控制器未接收到所述扭矩限制器输出的锁紧信号的情形下，当所述电机正转/反转的时间达到预设值时，所述可编程逻辑控制器控制所述电机停机。
在上述电池加解锁装置的优选实施方式中，所述电机为伺服电机。
在本发明的技术方案中，利用一个电机驱动一组加解锁组的方式，实现了一个电机对多个位置点的电池包的锁紧机构的加锁/解锁，且控制简单，只需一个单片机或PLC即可实现对电机的控制，该结构减少了元器件的数量，使得整个加解锁装置体积更小、重量更轻以及占据更少的空间。此外，本发明通过在加解锁构件的输出侧设置扭矩限制器，以防止扭矩过大对电池包的锁紧机构造成的损害。
附图说明
图1是本发明的电池加解锁装置连接加解锁组的结构示意图；
图2是本发明的电池加解锁装置连接单个加解锁构件的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。例如，尽管附图中的各个构件以特定比例绘制，但是这种比例关系仅仅是示例性的，本领域技术人员可以根据需要对其作出调整，以便适应具体的应用场合。
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，还需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应作广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
如图1所示，本发明的电池加解锁装置包括至少一个电机1，每个电机1连接有加解锁组，该加解锁组包括多个加解锁构件2，且该加解锁构件2能够在电机1的驱动下，以接近/远离动力电池包的方式移动。下面参照图2详细说明本实施例中各部分的结构。
如图2所示，电机1的输出端通过联轴器3与电池加解锁构件2连接，电池加解锁构件2主要包括减速装置21、扭矩限制器22和加解锁工具头23。其中，减速装置21上设置有扭矩限制器22，扭矩限制器22连接有加解锁工具头23，在电机1的驱动下，减速装置21通过扭矩限制器22带动加解锁工具头23转动，并因此使加解锁工具头23能够将动力电池加锁，如安装至电池仓，或解锁，如从电池仓拆卸。进一步，当作用于扭矩限制器22的扭矩值超出预设值时，加解锁工具头23脱离扭矩限制器22，如在电池包的锁紧机构的限制下，加解锁工具头23停止转动，而扭矩限制器22开始空转。
在本发明的一个可能的实施方式中，减速装置21是蜗轮蜗杆减速装置，该蜗轮蜗杆减速装置的蜗杆具有双侧伸出轴，并且该蜗轮蜗杆减速装置的蜗轮具有单侧输出轴。其中，电机1的输出端通过联轴器3连接到蜗杆一侧的伸出轴，其另一侧的伸出轴通过中间件(如传动轴或万向节)与其他的蜗轮蜗杆减速装置连接。扭矩限制器22固定在单侧输出轴上，加解锁工具头23能够以可拆卸的方式安装于扭矩限制器22上。当需要对动力电池包加锁/解锁作业时，加解锁工具头23与动力电池包的锁紧机构对准，在电机1的驱动下，蜗杆带动蜗轮转动，蜗轮带动扭矩限制器22转动，扭矩限制器22带动加解锁工具头23转动，从而使得加解锁工具头23能够对动力电池包的锁紧机构进行加锁/解锁作业。
返回参照图1，电机1连接有加解锁组，该加解锁组包括多个加解锁构件2，电机1的输出端与处于端部的第一个加解锁构件2 相连接，第一个加解锁构件2通过传动轴4与下一个加解锁构件2连接，下一个加解锁构件2通过万向节5与下下一个加解锁构件2连接，从而依次使得多个加解锁构件2之间串联在一起。通过传动轴和联轴器的设置，使得多个加解锁构件2能够在设定的位置实现加锁/解锁作业。在本发明的一个可能的实施方式中，传动轴4通过联轴器与蜗轮蜗杆减速装置的蜗杆的一侧伸出轴连接，并且本领域技术人员可以根据实际应用场景中的多个加解锁构件2的具体位置选择使用传动轴4还是万向节5来串联加解锁构件2。
此外，本发明的电池加解锁装置还包括PLC(Programmable Logic Controller，可编程逻辑控制器)，通过PLC能够使至少一个电机1以预设的逻辑转动，并且该PLC还能够接收扭矩限制器22的信号。举例而言，虽然图2中只示出了一个电机1连接一组由多个串联的加解锁构件2组成的加解锁组的情形，但是在某些应用场景中，比如在对多个电池包的锁紧机构(10个或以上)同时进行解锁的情形下，该电池加解锁装置还可以包括多个电机1，每个电机1连接一组加解锁组，每个加解锁组包括适宜数量的加解锁构件2，在PLC的控制下，以实现该电池加解锁装置对动力电池包的锁紧机构同时进行加锁/解锁操作。
在本发明的一个实施方式中，可以通过PLC设定如电机1正转/反转的时间的逻辑。在进行加锁操作时，利用PLC控制电机1正转，通过传递到加解锁工具头23的正向扭矩实现对动力电池包的锁紧机构的加锁。具体地，当传递到加解锁工具头23的正向扭矩超出预设值时，加解锁工具头23在电池包的锁紧机构的限制下脱离扭矩限制器22，此时，扭矩限制器22开始打滑(空转)，进而输出锁紧信号到PLC，当全部的扭矩限制器22都输出锁紧信号(即扭矩限制器22开始打滑)时，PLC控制电机1停机。当存在未输出锁紧信号的扭矩限制器22时，如果电机1正转时间达到设定的时间后，PLC控制电机1停机并发出警报信号，可以由现场人员改用其他方式进行处理。本领域技术人员容易理解的是，当电机1正转的时间达到设定时间后，仍未收到某个扭矩限制器22发出的锁紧信号，说明该扭矩限制器22在持续带动加解锁工具头23转动，一种可能的情形是该加解锁工具头23脱离了电池包的锁紧机构，此时可以改用手工方式加锁。
在进行解锁操作时，利用PLC控制电机1反转，通过传递到加解锁工具头23的反向扭矩实现对动力电池包的锁紧机构的解锁。具体地，当电机1反转时间达到设定时间时，PLC控制电机1停机，全部加解锁工具头23停止转动，解锁完成。在解锁过程中，当任意一个扭矩限制器22的扭矩超出预设值时，该扭矩限制器22开始打滑(空转)，进而输出锁紧信号，PLC控制电机1停机并发出警报信号，由现场人员改用其他方式进行处理。本领技术人员容易理解的是，在解锁过程中，当任意一个扭矩限制器22的扭矩超出预设值时，动力电池包的锁紧机构可能出现了被卡住的现象，从而导致加解锁工具头23在该锁紧机构下脱离扭矩限制器22，进而使扭矩限制器22开始空转，换言之，就是本次解锁失败。此时，PLC控制电机1停机并发出警报信号，可以由现场人员改用手动方式解锁。
还需要说明的是，本发明的电池加解锁装置可以应用在需要对动力电池包进行解锁的场景，比如电动汽车底盘的动力电池包、换电站存储动力电池的电池架或者某些生产车间等类似场景中。另外，当仅适用一个电机1连接一组加解锁组的情形下，还可以通过单片机代替PLC实现对电机1的控制。并且，减速装置21还可以由其他类型的减速机替代蜗轮蜗杆减速装置，只要能实现将电机1的转动传递给加解锁工具头23即可。此外，在本实施例中，电机优选为伺服电机。
作为本发明的另一种实施方式，还可以通过将电机1的输出轴与连接部件配合，该连接部件具有多个输出轴，每个输出轴能够连接一个加解锁组，这样一来，相当于电机1通过该连接部件被转换为具有多个输出轴的结构形式，从而实现了一个电机1上能够连接多个并联的加解锁组的情形，其中连接部件可以是任意能够满足要求的构件，比如齿轮和连杆的组合结构等。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池加解锁装置，用于实现动力电池包的装卸，其特征在于，该电池加解锁装置包括：
    至少一个电机；
    每个所述电机连接有加解锁组，该加解锁组包括多个加解锁构件；
    并且，所述加解锁构件能够在所述电机的驱动下，以接近/远离所述动力电池包的方式移动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池加解锁装置，其特征在于，与每个所述电机连接的所述多个加解锁构件之间相互串联，且该电机的动力输出端与处于端部的加解锁构件相连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池加解锁装置，其特征在于，所述多个加解锁构件之间通过中间件连接，该中间件能够使所述多个加解锁构件分别处于固定位置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池加解锁装置，其特征在于，所述中间件为万向节或传动轴。
  5. 根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的电池加解锁装置，其特征在于，所述加解锁构件包括减速装置、扭矩限制器和加解锁工具头，
    其中，所述扭矩限制器设置在所述减速装置上，所述加解锁工具头连接至所述扭矩限制器；
    在所述电机的驱动下，所述减速装置通过所述扭矩限制器带动所述加解锁工具头转动，并且
    当作用于所述扭矩限制器的扭矩值超出预设值时，所述加解锁工具头脱离所述扭矩限制器。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池加解锁装置，其特征在于，所述减速装置为蜗轮蜗杆减速装置，所述蜗轮蜗杆减速装置的蜗杆具有双侧伸出轴。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池加解锁装置，其特征在于，所述蜗轮蜗杆减速装置的蜗轮具有单侧输出轴，所述扭矩限制器固定于所述单侧输出轴。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的电池加解锁装置，其特征在于，所述电池加解锁装置还包括可编程逻辑控制器，所述可编程逻辑控制器能够使至少一个所述电机以预设的逻辑转动。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池加解锁装置，其特征在于，所述可编程逻辑控制器还能够接收所述扭矩限制器的信号，
    当所述可编程逻辑控制器接收到所述扭矩限制器输出的锁紧信号时，所述可编程逻辑控制器控制所述电机停机，以及
    在所述可编程逻辑控制器未接收到所述扭矩限制器输出的锁紧信号的情形下，当所述电机正转/反转的时间达到预设值时，所述可编程逻辑控制器控制所述电机停机。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电池加解锁装置，其特征在于，所述电机为伺服电机。
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