WO2018126826A1 - 一种人工冻结法封闭驱替土壤中污染物的方法 - Google Patents

一种人工冻结法封闭驱替土壤中污染物的方法 Download PDF

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WO2018126826A1
WO2018126826A1 PCT/CN2017/114262 CN2017114262W WO2018126826A1 WO 2018126826 A1 WO2018126826 A1 WO 2018126826A1 CN 2017114262 W CN2017114262 W CN 2017114262W WO 2018126826 A1 WO2018126826 A1 WO 2018126826A1
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freezing
soil
frozen
pollutants
contaminated
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PCT/CN2017/114262
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王建州
周国庆
李雅筠
梁恒昌
杨森
陈拓
赵光思
刘书幸
酒逢源
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中国矿业大学
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Priority to US16/462,528 priority Critical patent/US10654082B2/en
Priority to CA3045862A priority patent/CA3045862C/en
Publication of WO2018126826A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018126826A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/06—Reclamation of contaminated soil thermally
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D17/00—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces
    • F25D17/02—Arrangements for circulating cooling fluids; Arrangements for circulating gas, e.g. air, within refrigerated spaces for circulating liquids, e.g. brine
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
    • G01N1/4022—Concentrating samples by thermal techniques; Phase changes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C2101/00—In situ
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
    • G01N1/4022—Concentrating samples by thermal techniques; Phase changes
    • G01N2001/4033—Concentrating samples by thermal techniques; Phase changes sample concentrated on a cold spot, e.g. condensation or distillation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
    • G01N25/02—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering
    • G01N25/04—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating changes of state or changes of phase; by investigating sintering of melting point; of freezing point; of softening point
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/24—Earth materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for treating green contaminated soil, in particular to a method for sealing and expelling pollutants in soil by artificial freezing method.
  • the purpose of the invention is to provide a method for artificially freezing the pollutants in the soil by using the artificial freezing method to deal with the disadvantages of the existing contaminated soil technology that can not effectively control the polluted soil and generate secondary pollution.
  • the artificial freezing method of the present invention closes the method for displacing pollutants in the soil: forming a closed frozen soil wall around the contaminated site by artificial freezing on the area and depth range of the proven contaminated site, using the frozen soil
  • the wall has its own anti-seepage function, which closes the contaminated site to avoid further expansion of the pollutants.
  • the freezing rate of /day ⁇ 10 cm / day from the outside to the inside using the principle of freezing purification gradually freezes the pollutants in the contaminated soil, concentrates the pollutants, and the contaminated soil with high residual concentration is treated with chemical treatment.
  • the position of the artificially frozen borehole is determined, and the position of the frozen hole is 2 to 6 m away from the contaminated site, the depth of the frozen hole exceeds the depth of the contaminated site by 3 to 10 m, or the depth is deep and stable.
  • the interval of the water barrier is more than 3m.
  • the spacing of the frozen holes is determined to be 1 ⁇ 3m according to the hydrogeological conditions of the site.
  • the form of the frozen wall is determined according to the shape of the contaminated site, and a closed freezing curtain is formed on the periphery of the contaminated site.
  • the pollution types of the contaminated sites are determined, the precipitation characteristics of the pollutants are determined, and the freeze-precipitation experiments are carried out in the laboratory to determine the freezing parameters: freezing temperature and freezing rate, to achieve the most efficient effect of freezing displacement.
  • the artificial freezing method adopts an ammonia refrigeration unit and a brine circulation system; the power of the refrigeration unit is determined according to the volume of the frozen soil, the ground temperature, the temperature, the freezing temperature, and the freezing front propulsion rate, and the freezing tube is welded by a seamless steel pipe.
  • the tube is made of plastic tube.
  • the brine circulation system uses a positive circulation in the brine circulation system. After the frozen wall overlaps, the inner freezing front is pushed from the outside to the inside, and the freezing tube is gradually arranged inward as the inner freezing front advances, and the displacement is determined. Area, pull out the freezing tube, naturally thaw, monitor the freezing advancement through the temperature measurement point of the layout; set the temperature measuring point to monitor the freezing advancement process, the freezing front advances more than 2m, the frozen wall inside fills the freezing hole, and the freezing hole distance Layer freezing The front surface is not less than 0.5m, and the outer freezing hole stops freezing and naturally thaws, adopting alternate propulsion mode.
  • the pollution content of the frozen soil is monitored, the displacement effect is monitored, the freezing parameters are optimized, and the freezing speed is advanced.
  • the pollution is concentrated in a small enclosed area, and the traditional chemical treatment measures of the pollutants are used to concentrate the remaining contaminated soil, and the freezing state is maintained during the treatment to avoid improper leakage of the pollutants.
  • the freezing is stopped and the frozen wall is naturally melted.
  • the beneficial effect is that, by adopting the above scheme, the principle of freezing and purifying the pollutants formed by water freezing in the artificial freezing process is utilized, and the green non-polluting artificial freezing technology is used to inject only the cold amount into the contaminated site, thereby not only achieving the purpose of closing the contaminated site. Moreover, it is also possible to displace the pollutants in the contaminated soil through the freezing method of the test, and avoid the risk of direct chemical treatment cost and secondary pollution.
  • the layout of the artificial frozen frozen soil curtain is flexible, and it is flexibly arranged according to the characteristics of the contaminated site.
  • the depth of the urban contaminated site is small.
  • the accuracy of the frozen hole drilling can meet the requirements of the frozen curtain layout.
  • the real-time temperature and pollutant concentration detection during the freeze flooding process is further optimized to adjust the freezing parameters: freezing temperature and freezing rate to ensure that the pollution displacement meets the requirements.
  • Figure 1 (a) is a schematic view of the contaminated site of the artificial freezing method of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1(b) is a schematic view showing the closed contaminated site of the artificial freezing method of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1(c) is a schematic view showing the contaminated site of the closed-loop displacement of the artificial freezing method of the present invention.
  • Fig. 1(d) is a schematic view showing the contaminated site of the closed displacement of the three cycles of the artificial freezing method of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of a freeze tube of the present invention.
  • the artificial freezing method of the invention closes the method for displacing pollutants in the soil: the area and the depth range of the proven contaminated site are artificially frozen to form a closed frozen soil wall around the contaminated site, and the frozen soil wall itself is excellent.
  • the anti-seepage function closes the contaminated site to avoid further expansion of the pollutants; then, for the characteristics of the freezing temperature and the precipitation rate of the pollutants, the freezing temperature of -10 ° C to -30 ° C is selected to control 1 cm / day ⁇
  • the freezing rate of 10 cm/day uses the principle of freezing and purging from the outside to the inside to gradually displace the pollutants in the contaminated soil, concentrate the pollutants, and use the chemical treatment for the contaminated soil with high residual concentration.
  • the location of the frozen hole is 2 to 6 m away from the contaminated site.
  • the depth of the frozen hole exceeds the depth of the contaminated site by 3 to 10 m, or the depth is deep into the stable aquifer.
  • the range is more than 3m.
  • the spacing of the frozen holes is determined to be 1 ⁇ 3m according to the hydrogeological conditions of the site.
  • the form of the frozen soil wall is determined according to the shape of the contaminated site, and a closed freezing curtain is formed on the periphery of the contaminated site.
  • the artificial freezing method adopts ammonia refrigeration unit and brine circulation system; the power of the refrigeration unit is based on the frozen soil.
  • the volume, ground temperature, temperature, freezing temperature and freezing front propulsion rate are determined together.
  • the freezing pipe is welded by a seamless steel pipe, and the liquid supply pipe is made of a plastic pipe.
  • the brine circulation system uses a positive circulation in the brine circulation system.
  • the inner freezing front is pushed from the outside to the inside.
  • the freezing tube is gradually arranged inward to determine the area where the displacement is completed.
  • the freezing tube is naturally thawed, and the freezing point is monitored by the temperature measuring point.
  • the temperature measuring point is set to monitor the freezing progress.
  • the freezing front is pushed more than 2m, the frozen wall is filled with the freezing hole, and the freezing hole is away from the inner freezing front.
  • the outer freezing hole stops freezing and naturally thaws, and adopts alternate pushing mode.
  • the brine circulation adopts a positive cycle as the low temperature brine is fed from the liquid supply pipe, and the liquid return pipe is returned.
  • the pollution content of the frozen soil is monitored, the displacement effect is measured, the freezing parameters are optimized, and the freezing speed is advanced.
  • the pollution is concentrated in a small enclosed area, and the traditional chemical treatment measures of the pollutants are used to centrally treat the remaining contaminated soil, and the frozen state is maintained during the treatment to avoid improper leakage of the pollutants.
  • the freezing is stopped and the frozen wall is naturally melted.
  • Example 1 As shown in Fig. 1 (a) and (h), the artificial freezing method for closing the pollutants in the soil is firstly based on the characteristics of the contaminated site 1: the site range and depth, 2 to 6 m outside the contaminated site. Arrange at least one working freezing pipe in the range; the freezing pipes shown in Figures 1(c) and (d) are arranged in 2 and 3 turns, and the distance between the rings and the freezing pipes is 1.5 to 2.0 m. The spacing is 1 ⁇ 3m, and the difference between the freezing tubes between the rings and the rings is arranged. The depth of the freezing pipes exceeds the depth of the contaminated site by 3 ⁇ 10m.
  • the method of artificial refrigeration ammonia refrigeration, working brine tube 5 is circulating in the brine, see Figure 2, the low temperature brine is fed by the liquid supply pipe 8, the liquid return pipe is 7, the outer pipe of the freezing pipe is in direct contact with the soil; After the curtain 4 is in the circle, the frozen inner wall front surface 2 and the frozen wall outer front surface 3 are implemented by a preset temperature measuring point;
  • the inner ring freezing tube 5 is arranged in the flower arrangement manner on the inner side of the freezing curtain 4, and the freezing of the outer ring freezing tube 5 is gradually stopped, and the displacement effect is naturally thawed after the displacement effect is determined.
  • the diameter is 10-20 m
  • the concentration of pollutants is 150-200% higher than that in the undisplaced state.
  • the concentrated contaminated site The soil in the range is chemically treated.
  • Pre-examine the scope of the measured contaminated site: area and depth; determine the layout of the artificially frozen curtain according to the characteristics of the contaminated site: the location and depth of the frozen pipe;
  • the freezing tube is welded by seamless steel pipe, and the liquid supply tube is made of plastic. tube;
  • the inner frozen front gradually advances from the outside to the inside, displaces the pollutants, fills the frozen holes inside the frozen wall, and the outer freezing holes stop freezing and naturally thaw, using alternate propulsion mode;
  • the pollution content of the frozen soil is monitored and the freezing parameters are optimized.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种人工冻结法封闭驱替土壤中污染物的方法，属于绿色污染土壤处理方法。驱替土壤中污染物的方法：对探明的污染场地（1）的面积和深度范围，采用人工冻结方式在污染场地四周形成封闭的冻土墙，利用冻土墙自身优良的防渗功能，将污染场地封闭起来，避免污染物进一步扩大；然后，针对污染物的结冰温度和析出速率的特性，选择-10℃~-30℃的冻结温度，控制1厘米/天~10厘米/天的冻结速率，由外向内利用冻结净化原理逐步冻结驱替污染土壤中的污染物，将污染物集中，剩余浓度高的污染土壤再采用化学处理。充分利用了水结冰相变析出污染物的冻结净化功能，治理过程中只向地层中输入冷量，该方法无污染、施工简单、性价比高。

Description

一种人工冻结法封闭驱替土壤中污染物的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种绿色污染土壤处理方法，特别是一种人工冻结法封闭驱替土壤中污染物的方法。
背景技术
由于城市地域的不断发展，原本位于市郊的化工厂逐渐包含于城市内部，为了避免污染，这些化工厂外迁，增加了城市发展的空间，同时也遗留下大量受污染的场地，为了达到对污染场地治理，目前常用的方法是采用化学反应的方法向污染场地注入能够反应的化学物质，或者将其与污染土搅拌；这些方法存在以下两方面的问题：(一)注入的化学物质可能造成场地的二次污染(污染本身扩散不均匀，部分未受到污染土会在治理中造成二次污染)；(二)污染场地范围大，彻底处理涉及的工程量惊人，以4平方公里的面积，污染场地深度10m计算，需要处理的污染土达到：4000万立方米。
综上所述，现场迫切需要一种既能达有效治理污染土，同时避免二次污染的方法。
发明内容
技术问题：发明的目的是针对现有处理污染土技术不能达有效治理污染土，同时产生二次污染的弊端，提供一种人工冻结法封闭驱替土壤中污染物的方法。
技术方案：本发明的人工冻结法封闭驱替土壤中污染物的方法：对探明的污染场地的面积和深度范围，采用人工冻结的方式在污染场地四周形成封闭的冻土墙，利用冻土墙自身优良的防渗功能，将污染场地封闭起来，避免污染物进一步扩大；然后，针对污染物的结冰温度和析出速率的特性，选择-10℃～-30℃的冻结温度，控制1厘米/天～10厘米/天的冻结速率，由外向内利用冻结净化原理逐步冻结驱替污染土壤中的污染物，将污染物集中，剩余浓度高的污染土壤再采用化学处理。
进一步的，依据探明的污染场地的面积和深度范围，确定人工冻结钻孔的位置，冻结孔的位置远离污染场地2～6m，冻结孔深度超过污染场地深度3～10m，或者深度深入到稳定隔水层范围3m以上，具体依据场地的水文地质条件决定冻结孔间距1～3m，冻土墙的形式据污染场地的形状确定，在污染场地外围构成封闭冻结帷幕。
进一步的，确定污染场地的污染种类，明确污染物的析出特性，在实验室内进行冻结析出实验，确定冻结参数：冻结温度和冻结速率，达到最高效的冻结驱替的效果。
进一步的，人工冻结方式采用氨制冷机组，盐水循环系统；制冷机组的功率依据冻结土体的体积、地温、气温、冻结温度和冻结锋面推进速率共同决定，冻结管采用无缝钢管焊接，供液管采用塑料管。
进一步的，氨制冷机组，盐水循环系统中盐水循环采用正循环，冻结壁交圈后，内侧冻结锋面由外向内推进，随着内侧冻结锋面的推进冻结管逐渐向内布置，确定驱替完成的区域，拔出冻结管，自然解冻，通过布设的温度测点监测冻结方面的推进；布设的温度测点监测冻结的推进过程，冻结锋面推进2m以上，冻结壁内侧补冻结孔，冻结孔距离内层冻结 锋面不小于0.5m，外侧冻结孔停止冻结自然解冻，采用交替推进方式。
进一步的，冻结驱替过程中，对冻结土体的污染含量进行实施监测，监测驱替效果，优化调整冻结参数，推进冻结速度。
进一步的，通过冻结驱替将污染集中于封闭的小区域内，采用污染物传统的化学处理措施，对剩余污染土进行集中处理，处理过程中保持冻结状态，避免污染物处理不当二次泄露。
进一步的，确定剩余污染场地处理达标后，停止冻结，冻结壁自然融化。
有益效果，由于采用了上述方案，利用人工冻结过程水结冰析出污染物的冻结净化原理，借助绿色无污染的人工冻结技术，只向污染场地内注入冷量，不仅能够达到封闭污染场地的目的，而且还能够通过试验的冻结方式驱替污染土中污染物的目标，避免直接化学处理成本大，二次污染的危险。
人工冻结冻土帷幕的布置灵活，依据污染场地的特征灵活布置，城市污染场地深度范围较小，目前冻结孔钻孔精度可以满足冻结帷幕布置的要求。
冻结驱替过程中实时温度和污染物浓度检测，进一步优化调整冻结参数：冻结温度和冻结速率，确保污染驱替达到要求。
附图说明
图1(a)是本发明人工冻结法污染场地示意图。
图1(b)是本发明人工冻结法1圈封闭污染场地示意图。
图1(c)是本发明人工冻结法2圈封闭驱替污染场地示意图。
图1(d)是本发明人工冻结法3圈封闭驱替污染场地示意图。
图2是本发明的冻结管示意图。
图中：1-污染场地；2-冻结内锋面；3-冻结外锋面；4-冻土帷幕；5-冻结管；6-回液管；7-供液管；8-冻结管外管。
具体实施方式
本发明的人工冻结法封闭驱替土壤中污染物的方法：对探明的污染场地的面积和深度范围，采用人工冻结的方式在污染场地四周形成封闭的冻土墙，利用冻土墙自身优良的防渗功能，将污染场地封闭起来，避免污染物进一步扩大；然后，针对污染物的结冰温度和析出速率的特性，选择-10℃～-30℃的冻结温度，控制1厘米/天～10厘米/天的冻结速率，由外向内利用冻结净化原理逐步驱替污染土壤中的污染物，将污染物集中，剩余浓度高的污染土壤再采用化学处理。
依据探明的污染场地的面积和深度范围，确定人工冻结钻孔的位置，冻结孔的位置远离污染场地2～6m，冻结孔深度超过污染场地深度3～10m，或者深度深入到稳定隔水层范围3m以上，具体依据场地的水文地质条件决定冻结孔间距1～3m，冻土墙的形式依据污染场地的形状确定，在污染场地外围构成封闭冻结帷幕。
确定污染场地的污染种类，明确污染物的析出特性，在实验空内进行冻结析出实验，确定冻结参数：冻结温度和冻结速率，达到最高效的冻结驱替的效果。
人工冻结方式采用氨制冷机组，盐水循环系统；制冷机组的功率依据冻结土体的 体积、地温、气温、冻结温度和冻结锋面推进速率共同决定，冻结管采用无缝钢管焊接，供液管采用塑料管。
氨制冷机组，盐水循环系统中盐水循环采用正循环，冻结壁交圈后，内侧冻结锋面由外向内推进，随着内侧冻结锋面的推进冻结管逐渐向内布置，确定驱替完成的区域，拔出冻结管，自然解冻，通过布设的温度测点监测冻结方面的推进；布设的温度测点监测冻结的推进过程，冻结锋面推进2m以上，冻结壁内侧补冻结孔，冻结孔距离内层冻结锋面不小于0.5m，外侧冻结孔停止冻结自然解冻，采用交替推进方式。所述的盐水循环采用正循环为低温盐水由供液管进，回液管回。
冻结驱替过程中，对冻结土体的污染含量进行实施监测，临测驱替效果，优化调整冻结参数，推进冻结速度。
通过冻结驱替将污染集中于封闭的小区域内，采用污染物传统的化学处理措施，对剩余污染土进行集中处理，处理过程中保持冻结状态，避免污染物处理不当二次泄露。
确定剩余污染场地处理达标后，停止冻结，冻结壁自然融化。
下面结合附图中的实施例对本发明作进一步的说明：
实施例1：如图1(a)、(h)所示，人工冻结法封闭驱替土壤中污染物的方法，首先依据污染场地1的特征：场地范围、深度，在污染场地外围2～6m范围布置至少一圈工作冻结管；图1(c)、(d)所示冻结管布置为2圈和3圈，圈与圈之间的冻结管距离为1.5～2.0m，冻结管之间的间距为1～3m，圈与圈之间的冻结管间差排列，冻结管深度超过污染场地深度为3～10m。
采用人工制冷的方式：氨制冷、工作冻结管5内盐水正循环，见图2，低温盐水由供液管8进，回液管7回，冻结管外管9和土体直接接触；当冻结帷幕4交圈后，通过预设的温度测点实施临测冻结壁内锋面2和冻结壁外锋面3；
当冻结壁的内锋面向污染场地扩展2m以上，在冻结帷幕4内侧插花方式布置内圈冻结管5，并逐步停止外圈冻结管5的冻结，确定驱替效果后自然解冻。
为了达到最优化的驱替效果，需要针对污染的特性，开展合适冻结参数的室内实验，确定污染物的结冰温度和析出效率与冻结速率，并通过现场驱替效果的检验，调整和优化冻结参数：冻结温度和冻结速率。
采用人工冻结驱替方式将污染场地1缩小到一定范围后，直径10～20m，污染物的浓度大于未驱替状态下150～200％，在保持冻结帷幕4的条件下，对集中的污染场地范围的土进行化学处理，经检验确定场地范围污染物达标后，停止所有冻结管5的冻结，自然解冻。
本发明的人工冻结法封闭驱替土壤中污染物方法步骤概括如下：
1.预先考察实测污染场地的范围：面积和深度；依据污染场地的特征确定人工冻结帷幕的布置形式：冻结管布置位置和深度；
2.确定污染物的类型，实验污染物的析出特性和冻结参数：冻结温度和冻结速率；3.采用氨制冷机组和盐水正循环开始冻结，冻结管采用无缝钢管焊接，供液管采用塑料管；
4.冻结壁交圈后，内侧冻结锋面由外向内逐渐推进，驱替污染物，冻结壁内侧补冻结孔，外侧冻结孔停止冻结自然解冻，采用交替推进方式；
5.冻结驱替过程中，对冻结土体的污染含量进行实施监测，优化调整冻结参数；
6.对于驱替后富集的污染场地，采用传统的化学处理措施，处理过程中保持冻结状态，避免污染物的二次泄露；
7.确定剩余污染场地达到处理标准后，停止冻结，冻结壁自然融化。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种人工冻结法封闭驱替土壤中污染物的方法，其特征在于：对探明的污染场地的面积和深度范围，采用人工冻结方式在污染场地四周形成封闭的冻土墙，利用冻土墙自身优良的防渗功能，将污染场地封闭起来，避免污染物进一步扩大；然后，针对污染物的结冰温度和析出速率的特性，选择-10℃～-30℃的冻结温度，控制1厘米/天～10厘米/天的冻结速率，由外向内利用冻结净化原理逐步冻结驱替污染土壤中的污染物，将污染物集中，剩余浓度高的污染土壤再采用化学处理。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的人工冻结法封闭驱替土壤中污染物的方法，其特征在于：依据探明的污染场地的面积和深度范围，确定人工冻结钻孔的位置，冻结孔的位置远离污染场地2～6m，冻结孔深度超过污染场地深度3～10m，或者深度深入到稳定隔水层范围3m以上，具体依据场地的水文地质条件决定冻结孔间距1～3m，冻土墙的形式依据污染场地的形状确定，在污染场地外围构成封闭冻结帷幕。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的人工冻结法封闭驱替土壤中污染物的方法，其特征在于：确定污染场地的污染种类，明确污染物的析出特性，在实验室内进行冻结析出实验，确定冻结参数：冻结温度和冻结速率，达到最高效的冻结驱替的效果。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的人工冻结法封闭驱替土壤中污染物的方法，其特征在于：人工冻结方式采用氨制冷机组，盐水循环系统；制冷机组的功率依据冻结土体的体积、地温、气温、冻结温度和冻结锋面推进速率共同决定，冻结管采用无缝钢管焊接，供液管采用塑料管。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种人工冻结法封闭驱替土壤中污染物的方法，其特征在于：氨制冷机组，盐水循环系统中盐水循环采用正循环，冻结壁交圈后，内侧冻结锋面由外向内推进，随着内侧冻结锋面的推进冻结管逐渐向内布置，确定驱替完成的区域，拔出冻结管，自然解冻，通过布设的温度测点监测冻结方面的推进；布设的温度测点监测冻结的推进过程，冻结锋面推进2m以上，冻结壁内侧补冻结孔，冻结孔距离内层冻结锋面不小于0.5m，外侧冻结孔停止冻结自然解冻，采用交替推进方式。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种人工冻结法封闭驱替土壤中污染物的方法，其特征在于：冻结驱替过程中，对冻结土体的污染含量进行实施监测，监测驱替效果，优化调整冻结参数，推进冻结速度。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种人工冻结法封闭驱替土壤中污染物的方法，其特征在于：通过冻结驱替将污染集中于封闭的小区域内，采用污染物传统的化学处理措施，对剩余污染土进行集中处理，处理过程中保持冻结状态，避免污染物处理不当二次泄露。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种人工冻结法封闭驱替土壤中污染物的方法，其特征在于：确定污染处理达到要求后，停止冻结，冻结壁自然融化。
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