WO2018126743A1 - 密封件及压缩机及空调器 - Google Patents

密封件及压缩机及空调器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018126743A1
WO2018126743A1 PCT/CN2017/103672 CN2017103672W WO2018126743A1 WO 2018126743 A1 WO2018126743 A1 WO 2018126743A1 CN 2017103672 W CN2017103672 W CN 2017103672W WO 2018126743 A1 WO2018126743 A1 WO 2018126743A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
compressor
sealing
seal
annular body
honeycomb
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PCT/CN2017/103672
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡余生
张小波
刘健宁
张芳
龚高
田思园
贾金信
张超
苏久展
李欣
郭长光
李广海
Original Assignee
珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司
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Application filed by 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 filed Critical 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司
Publication of WO2018126743A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018126743A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/08—Sealings
    • F04D29/16—Sealings between pressure and suction sides
    • F04D29/161—Sealings between pressure and suction sides especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/162—Sealings between pressure and suction sides especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps of a centrifugal flow wheel

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of sealing technology, and in particular to a sealing member, a compressor and an air conditioner.
  • the seal is a driven fluid machine that promotes low pressure gas to high pressure gas and is the heart of the refrigeration system. It sucks low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant gas from the suction pipe, drives the compression component to compress it through the motor, and then discharges high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas to the exhaust pipe to provide power for the refrigeration cycle, thereby achieving compression ⁇ condensation ⁇ expansion ⁇ Evaporative refrigeration cycle.
  • the sealing performance of the seal is directly related to the compression performance of the seal.
  • the prior art seals 10' employ a comb-tooth seal structure 11'.
  • the seal of the structure has a high circumferential speed and a small seal gap, and the airflow enters the sealed cavity not only through the cavity at a large axial velocity, but also has a large circumferential velocity, and the airflow is in each cavity.
  • a spiral flow is formed in the middle.
  • the gap between the rotor and the circumference of the entire circumference of the sealed cavity is uneven during operation, and the gap is changed with time during the precession of the rotor. Therefore, a non-uniform pressure distribution is formed in the circumferential direction of the rotor, and the resultant force of the distributed pressure will form a tangential component perpendicular to the displacement of the rotor.
  • the rotor When the tangential excitation force reaches or exceeds a certain value, the rotor is generated.
  • the strong vibration causes the seal to have a half-speed whirl or even a whirl instability failure.
  • Appropriately increasing the sealing gap can avoid the half-speed whirl failure to a certain extent, but it will cause the leakage of the seal to increase, which causes the performance of the unit to decrease and the operating cost to rise.
  • a primary object of the present invention is to provide a seal and a compressor and an air conditioner to solve the problem that the seal of the compressor of the prior art causes strong vibration of the rotor caused by the high rotational speed of the compressor and the small seal gap.
  • a sealing member including a sealing body having a sealing surface formed thereon, a sealing structure provided on the sealing surface, and a honeycomb sealing structure including a plurality of adjacent portions is provided
  • the cells are arranged, and some of the cells in the plurality of cells are connected by an air passage.
  • the sealing body is an annular body, and the honeycomb sealing structure is formed on the annular curved surface of the annular body.
  • adjacent cells in the circumferential direction of the annular curved surface of the plurality of cells are communicated by the air passage.
  • adjacent cells in the sealing direction of the sealing faces of the plurality of cells are communicated by the air passage.
  • a compressor comprising a seal, the seal being the seal described above.
  • the compressor comprises a main shaft and a first-stage impeller mounted on the main shaft, the sealing body is an annular body, and the annular body comprises a first annular body sleeved outside the first-stage impeller, and the honeycomb sealing structure is formed on the first annular body The inner annulus adjacent to the primary impeller.
  • the compressor includes a primary diffuser mounted on the main shaft, the annular body further comprising a second annular body mounted between the primary diffuser and the main shaft, the honeycomb sealing structure being formed on the second annular body The outer ring surface adjacent to the first stage diffuser.
  • the compressor includes a secondary impeller mounted on the main shaft, the annular body further includes a third annular body sleeved outside the secondary impeller, and the honeycomb sealing structure is formed adjacent to the secondary impeller of the third annular body On the inner ring surface.
  • the compressor includes an oil resistant sleeve mounted on the main shaft, the annular body further includes a fourth annular body sleeved outside the oil resistant sleeve, and the honeycomb sealing structure is formed adjacent to the oil resistant sleeve of the fourth annular body On the inner ring surface.
  • the honeycomb sealing structure includes a plurality of adjacently arranged cells, and adjacent cells in the circumferential direction of the plurality of cells are connected by the air passage.
  • the compressor is a magnetically suspended compressor.
  • an air conditioner including a compressor, which is the above-described compressor, is provided.
  • the combination of the honeycomb lattice and the air passage can be combined to take advantage of the advantages of the comb seal form and the honeycomb seal form.
  • the sealing member can be used in the case of high speed and small sealing gap, so that the honeycomb sealing structure can reduce the sealing gap as much as possible to avoid half-speed whirl and whirl instability failure, reduce or avoid the vibration problem of the rotor, and improve
  • the compressor is energy efficient.
  • Figure 1 shows a front view of a seal in the prior art
  • Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view showing the seal of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 shows an enlarged schematic view of A in Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic front view of an embodiment of a seal according to the invention
  • Figure 5 is a side cross-sectional view showing the seal of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 shows an enlarged schematic view of B in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure in the P direction of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an embodiment of a compressor in accordance with the present invention.
  • sealing body 110, honeycomb sealing structure; 111, honeycomb lattice; 112, air passage; 1, front nut; 2, first-stage impeller; 3, first-stage impeller seal; 4, first-stage diffuser; , reflux device; 6, two-stage diffuser; 7, two-stage impeller seal; 8, oil-resistant seal; 9, oil-resistant sleeve; 10, spindle; 11, two-stage impeller; 13, the support ring.
  • spatially relative terms such as “above”, “above”, “on top”, “above”, etc., may be used herein to describe as in the drawings.
  • the exemplary term “above” can include both “over” and "under”.
  • the device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the corresponding description of the space used herein is interpreted accordingly.
  • orientations such as “front, back, up, down, left, right", “horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal” and “top, bottom” and the like are indicated. Or the positional relationship is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for the convenience of the description of the invention and the simplification of the description, which are not intended to indicate or imply the indicated device or component. It must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation or in a specific orientation, and thus is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention; the orientations “inside and outside” refer to the inside and outside of the contour of the components themselves.
  • the sealing flow path is swept by a square section of the circumference.
  • the honeycomb seal is formed by a plurality of hexagonal sections extending radially into a sealed grid to form a sealed flow path.
  • FIGS. 4 to 7 show an embodiment of a seal of the present invention, the seal comprising a seal 100 having a sealing surface formed thereon.
  • the sealing surface is provided with a honeycomb sealing structure 110.
  • the honeycomb sealing structure 110 includes a plurality of adjacent cells 111, and a part of the cells 111 of the plurality of cells 111 communicate with each other through the air passage 112.
  • the combination of the honeycomb lattice 111 and the air passage 112 can combine the advantages of the comb-tooth seal form and the honeycomb seal form.
  • the sealing member can increase the velocity abrupt change rate of the fluid particle in the sealed sealing passage of the sealing member, thereby increasing the energy loss of the fluid particle in the sealed flow channel and reducing the leakage amount. Improve sealing performance.
  • adjacent cells 111 of the plurality of cells 111 in the sealing direction of the sealing faces are communicated through the air passage 112.
  • the structure of the two is now integrated, and each honeycomb sealing grid is cut so that the individual honeycomb sealing grids which are originally independent of each other are connected in the circumferential direction, and have a comb-tooth sealing type.
  • the velocity abrupt rate of the fluid particle in the sealed seal flow passage can be increased, thereby increasing the energy loss of the fluid particle in the sealed flow passage, reducing the leakage amount, and improving the sealing performance.
  • the sealing body 100 is an annular body, and the honeycomb sealing structure 110 is formed on the annular curved surface of the annular body.
  • a honeycomb seal structure 110 is formed on the inner annular curved surface or the outer annular curved surface of the annular body.
  • the inner annular curved surface of the annular body may be selected to form the honeycomb sealing structure 110, or the honeycomb sealing structure 110 may be formed on the outer annular curved surface of the annular body.
  • adjacent cells 111 in the circumferential direction of the annular curved surface among the plurality of cells 111 are communicated through the air passage 112.
  • the sealing body 100 is provided with the advantage of being in the form of a tooth seal in the circumferential direction of the annular curved surface, and has the advantage of being in the form of a honeycomb seal in the circumferential direction of the sealing body 100.
  • the sealing member of the embodiment can utilize the 3D metal printing technology to print and process the honeycomb sealing member which cannot be directly vacuum brazed and meet the requirements of the running mechanical strength, and is applied to the high speed rotor to increase the practicality and application surface of the honeycomb sealing. .
  • Figure 8 shows an embodiment of a compressor of the present invention comprising a seal, the seal being the seal described above.
  • the seal described above the combined advantages of the comb seal form and the honeycomb seal form can be utilized to reduce or avoid vibration problems of the rotor of the compressor.
  • Embodiments of the above described compressors are particularly suitable for use in a magnetically levitation compressor.
  • the magnetic suspension compressor generally has a high rotational speed. There is no friction between the stator and the rotor during operation, and the rotor has high running precision.
  • the sealing gap can be designed to have the same rotation precision, thereby greatly improving the energy efficiency of the unit.
  • honeycomb technology to replace the pneumatic seal in the compressor with a comb seal to a honeycomb seal, the seal gap can be reduced as much as possible to avoid half-speed whirl and whirl instability failure.
  • the displacement sensor in the magnetic levitation compressor can detect the geometric center of the honeycomb seal, so that the spindle suspension operation is at the center, avoiding the excitation force caused by the assembly eccentricity, minimizing the sealing gap and improving the performance of the compressor.
  • the compressor of the present invention comprises a rotor part and a stator part, wherein the rotor part comprises a front nut 1, a first impeller 2, a support ring 13, an interstage seal ring 12, a secondary impeller 11, and an oil resistant sleeve.
  • the stator part comprises a first-stage impeller seal 3, a first-stage diffuser 4, a refluxer 5, a secondary diffuser 6, a secondary impeller seal 7, and an oil-resistant seal 8.
  • first stage impeller 2 and the first stage impeller seal 3 constitute a first stage impeller sealing area C;
  • interstage seal ring 12 and the first stage diffuser 4 constitute an interstage seal zone D;
  • the secondary impeller 11 and the secondary impeller seal 7 constitute a secondary sealing zone E;
  • the oil damper 9 and the oil-repellent seal 8 constitute an oil-tight seal zone F.
  • the primary impeller seal 3, the interstage seal ring 12, the secondary impeller seal 7 and the oil-repellent seal 8 adopt one of the above-mentioned seals.
  • the primary impeller seal 3 is replaced by a first annular body of the seal of the present invention.
  • the compressor of the present invention comprises a main shaft 10 and a first stage impeller 2 mounted on the main shaft 10.
  • the sealing body 100 is an annular body, and the annular body includes a first annular body sleeved outside the first stage impeller 2, and the honeycomb sealing structure 110 is formed.
  • the honeycomb sealing structure 110 includes a plurality of adjacently disposed cells 111, and adjacent cells 111 in the circumferential direction of the plurality of cells 111 are communicated through the air passage 112.
  • the primary impeller sealing zone C both have the combined advantages of the form of the comb seal and the form of the honeycomb seal.
  • the existing interstage seal ring 12 is replaced by a second annular body of the seal of the present invention.
  • the compressor includes a primary diffuser 4 mounted on the main shaft 10, the annular body further including a second annular body mounted between the primary diffuser 4 and the main shaft 10, honeycomb
  • the sealing structure 110 is formed on an outer annular surface of the second annular body adjacent to the primary diffuser 4.
  • the honeycomb sealing structure 110 includes a plurality of adjacently disposed cells 111, and adjacent cells 111 in the circumferential direction of the plurality of cells 111 are communicated through the air passage 112.
  • the existing secondary impeller seal 7 is replaced by a third annular body of the seal of the present invention.
  • the compressor includes a secondary impeller 11 mounted on the main shaft 10, and the annular body further includes a sleeve.
  • the socket seal structure 110 is formed on the inner annular surface of the third annular body adjacent to the secondary impeller 11.
  • the honeycomb sealing structure 110 includes a plurality of adjacently disposed cells 111, and adjacent cells 111 in the circumferential direction of the plurality of cells 111 are communicated through the air passage 112.
  • the existing oil-repellent seal 8 is replaced by a fourth annular body of the seal of the present invention.
  • the compressor includes an oil-resistant sleeve 9 mounted on the main shaft 10, and the annular body further includes a sleeve disposed on the oil-resistant sleeve.
  • the outer annular fourth annular body, the honeycomb sealing structure 110 is formed on the inner annular surface of the fourth annular body adjacent to the oil damper 9.
  • the honeycomb sealing structure 110 includes a plurality of adjacently disposed cells 111, and adjacent cells 111 in the circumferential direction of the plurality of cells 111 are communicated through the air passage 112.
  • the seals of the four seal zones described above are all in the form of comb seals and honeycomb seals. Under the condition of the structure, the above-mentioned seals can be completed by vacuum brazing. When the structure is not able to arrange the honeycomb seal of the welded parts, the 3D metal printing technology can be used to print the honeycomb seals, even on high-speed rotors. Strength requirements. When assembling the seal, use the sensor in the magnetic levitation system to detect the geometric center position of the seal, and change the suspension center of the magnetic levitation system to the geometric center to avoid the rotational excitation force of the pneumatic component during high-speed operation due to poor assembly coaxiality. , causing suspension instability, causing compressor failure.
  • the present invention also provides an air conditioner including the above-described compressor.
  • the above-mentioned compressor can utilize the comprehensive advantages of the form of the comb seal and the form of the honeycomb seal to reduce or avoid the vibration problem of the rotor of the compressor, thereby improving the performance of the compressor and improving the performance of the air conditioner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Sealing Using Fluids, Sealing Without Contact, And Removal Of Oil (AREA)

Abstract

一种密封件、压缩机及空调器，其中，密封件包括密封体（100），密封体（100）上形成有密封面，密封面上设置有蜂窝状密封结构（110），蜂窝状密封结构（110）包括多个相邻设置的蜂窝格（111），多个蜂窝格（111）中的部分蜂窝格（111）之间通过气道（112）连通。该密封件可以有效地解决在压缩机高转速和小密封间隙情况下导致转子产生强烈振动的技术问题。

Description

密封件及压缩机及空调器 技术领域
本发明涉及密封技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种密封件及压缩机及空调器。
背景技术
在压缩机中，密封件是将低压气体提升为高压气体的一种从动的流体机械，是制冷系统的心脏。它从吸气管吸入低温低压的制冷剂气体，通过电机运转带动压缩部件对其进行压缩后向排气管排出高温高压的制冷剂气体，为制冷循环提供动力，从而实现压缩→冷凝→膨胀→蒸发的制冷循环。
密封件的密封性能的好坏直接关乎到密封件的压缩性能。如图1至图3所示，现有技术中的密封件10’均采用的是梳齿密封结构11’。
该结构的密封件在压缩机高转速和小密封间隙情况下，由于气流进入密封腔时不仅以很大的轴向速度通过各腔，而且还具有较大的周向分速度，气流在各腔中形成螺旋形的流动方式。另外，由于转子偏心，造成转子在工作时与密封腔体整段圆周上的间隙分布不均匀，转子在进动中这种间隙又是随时间变化的。因此在转子的周围圆周方向形成了不均匀的压力分布，分布压力的合力将对转子形成一个与位移相垂直的切向分量，当切向激励力达到或超过一定值时，就会使转子产生强烈的振动，进而使得密封件出现半速涡动甚至涡动失稳故障。而适当增大密封间隙，可以一定程度避免半速涡动故障，但是会造成密封泄漏量增大，造成机组性能下降和运营成本上升的问题。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种密封件及压缩机及空调器，以解决现有技术中压缩机的密封件在压缩机高转速和小密封间隙情况下导致的转子产生强烈的振动的问题。
为了实现上述目的，根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种密封件，包括密封体，密封体上形成有密封面，密封面上设置有蜂窝状密封结构，蜂窝状密封结构包括多个相邻设置的蜂窝格，多个蜂窝格中的部分蜂窝格之间通过气道连通。
进一步地，密封体为环形体，蜂窝状密封结构形成于环形体的环形曲面上。
进一步地，多个蜂窝格中的沿环形曲面的圆周方向上的相邻蜂窝格通过气道连通。
进一步地，多个蜂窝格中的沿密封面的密封方向的相邻蜂窝格通过气道连通。
为了实现上述目的，根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种压缩机，包括密封件，密封件为上述的密封件。
进一步地，压缩机包括主轴和安装在主轴上的一级叶轮，密封体为环形体，环形体包括套设在一级叶轮外侧的第一环形体，蜂窝状密封结构形成于第一环形体的与一级叶轮相邻的内环面上。
进一步地，压缩机包括安装在主轴上的一级扩压器，环形体还包括安装在一级扩压器和主轴之间的第二环形体，蜂窝状密封结构形成于第二环形体的与一级扩压器相邻的外环面上。
进一步地，压缩机包括安装在主轴上的二级叶轮，环形体还包括套设在二级叶轮外侧的第三环形体，蜂窝状密封结构形成于第三环形体的与二级叶轮相邻的内环面上。
进一步地，压缩机包括安装在主轴上的阻油套，环形体还包括套设在阻油套外侧的第四环形体，蜂窝状密封结构形成于第四环形体的与阻油套相邻的内环面上。
进一步地，蜂窝状密封结构包括多个相邻设置的蜂窝格，多个蜂窝格中的沿圆周方向上的相邻蜂窝格通过气道连通。
进一步地，压缩机为磁悬浮压缩机。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种空调器，包括压缩机，压缩机为上述的压缩机。
应用本发明的技术方案，采用蜂窝格和气道的组合结构可以将近似于梳齿密封件形式和蜂窝密封件形式的优点综合。使得密封件在应用于高转速和小密封间隙情况下，让蜂窝状密封结构尽可能的减小密封间隙而避免半速涡动和涡动失稳故障，减小或避免转子的振动问题，提高压缩机能效。
除了上面所描述的目的、特征和优点之外，本发明还有其它的目的、特征和优点。下面将参照图，对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
附图说明
构成本发明的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1示出了现有技术中的密封件的主视示意图；
图2示出了图1中的密封件的侧剖示意图；
图3示出了图2中的A处放大示意图；
图4示出了根据本发明的密封件的实施例的主视示意图；
图5示出了图4中的密封件的侧剖示意图；
图6示出了图5中的B处的放大示意图；
图7示出了图6中的P方向上的结构示意图；
图8示出了根据本发明的压缩机的实施例的剖视示意图。
其中，上述附图包括以下附图标记：
100、密封体；110、蜂窝状密封结构；111、蜂窝格；112、气道；1、前螺母；2、一级叶轮；3、一级叶轮密封件；4、一级扩压器；5、回流器；6、二级扩压器；7、二级叶轮密封件；8、阻油密封件；9、阻油套；10、主轴；11、二级叶轮；12、级间密封环；13、支撑环。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明的是，本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的术语在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的本发明的实施例。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或单元。
需要注意的是，这里所使用的术语仅是为了描述具体实施方式，而非意图限制根据本申请的示例性实施方式。如在这里所使用的，除非上下文另外明确指出，否则单数形式也意图包括复数形式，此外，还应当理解的是，当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时，其指明存在特征、步骤、操作、器件、组件和/或它们的组合。
除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。同时，应当明白，为了便于描述，附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它示例可以具有不同的值。应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
为了便于描述，在这里可以使用空间相对术语，如“在……之上”、“在……上方”、“在……上表面”、“上面的”等，用来描述如在图中所示的一个器件或特征与其他器件或特征的空间位置关系。应当理解的是，空间相对术语旨在包含除了器件在图中所描述的方位之外的在使 用或操作中的不同方位。例如，如果附图中的器件被倒置，则描述为“在其他器件或构造上方”或“在其他器件或构造之上”的器件之后将被定位为“在其他器件或构造下方”或“在其他器件或构造之下”。因而，示例性术语“在……上方”可以包括“在……上方”和“在……下方”两种方位。该器件也可以其他不同方式定位(旋转90度或处于其他方位)，并且对这里所使用的空间相对描述作出相应解释。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，方位词如“前、后、上、下、左、右”、“横向、竖向、垂直、水平”和“顶、底”等所指示的方位或位置关系通常是基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，在未作相反说明的情况下，这些方位词并不指示和暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位或者以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制；方位词“内、外”是指相对于各部件本身的轮廓的内外。
对于梳齿密封，其密封流道是由方形截面圆周扫掠而成。而蜂窝密封是由多个六边形截面沿径向延伸成密封栅格而形成密封流道。
图4至图7示出了本发明的密封件的实施例，该密封件包括密封体100，密封体100上形成有密封面。密封面上设置有蜂窝状密封结构110，蜂窝状密封结构110包括多个相邻设置的蜂窝格111，多个蜂窝格111中的部分蜂窝格111之间通过气道112连通。
应用本实施例的技术方案，采用蜂窝格111和气道112的组合结构可以将近似于梳齿密封件形式和蜂窝密封件形式的优点综合。使得密封件在应用于高转速和小密封间隙情况下，可以增大改善后的密封件密封流道中流体质点的速度突变率，从而增大流体质点在密封流道中的能量损耗，减小泄露量，提高密封性能。
优选的，将多个蜂窝格111中的沿密封面的密封方向的相邻蜂窝格111通过气道112连通。现将两者结构进行综合，将每个蜂窝密封栅格切开，使得原本相互独立的单个蜂窝密封栅格在圆周方向上联通，具备梳齿密封的密封形式。此时，可以增大改善后的密封件密封流道中流体质点的速度突变率，从而增大流体质点在密封流道中的能量损耗，减小泄露量，提高密封性能。
可选的，如图5所示，在本实施例中，密封体100为环形体，蜂窝状密封结构110形成于环形体的环形曲面上。通常情况下，会在环形体的内环形曲面或者外环形曲面上形成蜂窝状密封结构110。根据不同的使用要求和场景，可以选择在环形体的内环形曲面形成蜂窝状密封结构110，或者选择在环形体的外环形曲面上形成蜂窝状密封结构110。如图7所示，在本实施例中，多个蜂窝格111中的沿环形曲面的圆周方向上的相邻蜂窝格111通过气道112连通。使得密封体100在沿环形曲面的圆周方向上具有齿密封件形式的优点，而在密封体100的周向方向上具有蜂窝密封件形式的优点。
本实施例的密封件可以利用3D金属打印技术，可以将无法直接真空钎焊的蜂窝密封件打印加工出来且满足运行机械强度要求，应用在高速转子上，增大蜂窝密封的实用性和应用面。
图8示出了本发明的压缩机的一种实施例，该压缩机包括密封件，密封件为上述的密封件。采用上述的密封件，可以利用梳齿密封件形式和蜂窝密封件形式的综合优点，减小或避免压缩机的转子的振动问题。
上述压缩机的实施例尤其适用于磁悬浮压缩机。
一般的，磁悬浮应用产品均为超高速机器。磁悬浮压缩机一般转速较高，运行时定转子间无摩擦，转子运行回转精度高，理论上密封间隙可以设计为回转精度一致，从而极大限度的提高机组能效。利用蜂窝技术将压缩机内气动密封件由梳齿密封替换为蜂窝密封，可以尽可能的减小密封间隙而避免半速涡动和涡动失稳故障。利用磁悬浮压缩机中位移传感器可以检测蜂窝密封的几何中心，从而使得主轴悬浮运行在该中心处，避免因装配偏心造成的激振力产生，尽量减小密封间隙，提高压缩机性能。
如图8所示，本发明的压缩机的零件包转子零件和定子零件其中转子零件包括前螺母1、一级叶轮2、支撑环13、级间密封环12、二级叶轮11、阻油套9、主轴10；定子零件包括一级叶轮密封件3、一级扩压器4、回流器5、二级扩压器6、二级叶轮密封件7、阻油密封件8。
其中，一级叶轮2和一级叶轮密封件3构成一级叶轮密封区C；
级间密封环12和一级扩压器4构成级间密封区D；
二级叶轮11和二级叶轮密封件7构成二级密封区E；
阻油套9和阻油密封件8构成阻油密封区F。
其中，一级叶轮密封件3、级间密封环12、二级叶轮密封件7以及阻油密封件8采用上述的密封件中的一种。
如图8所示，一级叶轮密封件3由本发明的密封件的第一环形体替代。本发明的压缩机包括主轴10和安装在主轴10上的一级叶轮2，密封体100为环形体，环形体包括套设在一级叶轮2外侧的第一环形体，蜂窝状密封结构110形成于第一环形体的与一级叶轮2相邻的内环面上。优选的，蜂窝状密封结构110包括多个相邻设置的蜂窝格111，多个蜂窝格111中的沿圆周方向上的相邻蜂窝格111通过气道112连通。以使得一级叶轮密封区C的密封效果兼具梳齿密封件形式和蜂窝密封件形式的综合优点。
现有的级间密封环12由本发明的密封件的第二环形体替代。具体的，如图8所示，压缩机包括安装在主轴10上的一级扩压器4，环形体还包括安装在一级扩压器4和主轴10之间的第二环形体，蜂窝状密封结构110形成于第二环形体的与一级扩压器4相邻的外环面上。优选的，蜂窝状密封结构110包括多个相邻设置的蜂窝格111，多个蜂窝格111中的沿圆周方向上的相邻蜂窝格111通过气道112连通。以使得级间密封区D的密封效果兼具梳齿密封件形式和蜂窝密封件形式的综合优点。
现有的二级叶轮密封件7由本发明的密封件的第三环形体替换，如图8所示，压缩机包括安装在主轴10上的二级叶轮11，环形体还包括套设在二级叶轮11外侧的第三环形体，蜂 窝状密封结构110形成于第三环形体的与二级叶轮11相邻的内环面上。优选的，蜂窝状密封结构110包括多个相邻设置的蜂窝格111，多个蜂窝格111中的沿圆周方向上的相邻蜂窝格111通过气道112连通。以使得二级密封区E的密封效果兼具梳齿密封件形式和蜂窝密封件形式的综合优点。
现有的阻油密封件8由本发明的密封件的第四环形体替换，如图8所示，压缩机包括安装在主轴10上的阻油套9，环形体还包括套设在阻油套9外侧的第四环形体，蜂窝状密封结构110形成于第四环形体的与阻油套9相邻的内环面上。优选的，蜂窝状密封结构110包括多个相邻设置的蜂窝格111，多个蜂窝格111中的沿圆周方向上的相邻蜂窝格111通过气道112连通。以使得阻油密封区F的密封效果兼具梳齿密封件形式和蜂窝密封件形式的综合优点。
上述四个密封区的密封件均为梳齿密封件形式和蜂窝密封件形式的综合的密封件。在结构允许条件下，上述的密封件可以采用真空钎焊加工完成，当结构尺寸无法布置焊接件的蜂窝密封时可以采用3D金属打印技术打印蜂窝密封件，甚至应用在高速转子上，也可满足强度要求。装配密封件时，利用磁悬浮系统中的传感器检测密封件的几何中心位置，将磁悬浮系统的悬浮中心改为该几何中心，避免因装配同轴度不良造成气动组件在高速运转时产生旋转激振力，造成悬浮失稳，引起压缩机故障。
本发明还提供可一种空调器，该空调器包括上述的压缩机。采用上述的压缩机可以利用梳齿密封件形式和蜂窝密封件形式的综合优点，减小或避免压缩机的转子的振动问题，进而提高压缩机的性能，以提高空调器的使用性能。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种密封件，其特征在于，包括密封体(100)，所述密封体(100)上形成有密封面，所述密封面上设置有蜂窝状密封结构(110)，所述蜂窝状密封结构(110)包括多个相邻设置的蜂窝格(111)，多个所述蜂窝格(111)中的部分所述蜂窝格(111)之间通过气道(112)连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的密封件，其特征在于，所述密封体(100)为环形体，所述蜂窝状密封结构(110)形成于所述环形体的环形曲面上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的密封件，其特征在于，多个所述蜂窝格(111)中的沿所述环形曲面的圆周方向上的相邻所述蜂窝格(111)通过所述气道(112)连通。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的密封件，其特征在于，多个所述蜂窝格(111)中的沿所述密封面的密封方向的相邻所述蜂窝格(111)通过所述气道(112)连通。
  5. 一种压缩机，包括密封件，其特征在于，所述密封件为权利要求1至4中任一项所述的密封件。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的压缩机，其特征在于，所述压缩机包括主轴(10)和安装在所述主轴(10)上的一级叶轮(2)，所述密封体(100)为环形体，所述环形体包括套设在所述一级叶轮(2)外侧的第一环形体，所述蜂窝状密封结构(110)形成于所述第一环形体的与所述一级叶轮(2)相邻的内环面上。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的压缩机，其特征在于，所述压缩机包括安装在所述主轴(10)上的一级扩压器(4)，所述环形体还包括安装在所述一级扩压器(4)和所述主轴(10)之间的第二环形体，所述蜂窝状密封结构(110)形成于所述第二环形体的与所述一级扩压器(4)相邻的外环面上。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的压缩机，其特征在于，所述压缩机包括安装在所述主轴(10)上的二级叶轮(11)，所述环形体还包括套设在所述二级叶轮(11)外侧的第三环形体，所述蜂窝状密封结构(110)形成于所述第三环形体的与所述二级叶轮(11)相邻的内环面上。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的压缩机，其特征在于，所述压缩机包括安装在所述主轴(10)上的阻油套(9)，所述环形体还包括套设在所述阻油套(9)外侧的第四环形体，所述蜂窝状密封结构(110)形成于所述第四环形体的与所述阻油套(9)相邻的内环面上。
  10. 根据权利要求6至9中任一项所述的压缩机，其特征在于，所述蜂窝状密封结构(110)包括多个相邻设置的蜂窝格(111)，多个所述蜂窝格(111)中的沿圆周方向上的相邻所述蜂窝格(111)通过所述气道(112)连通。
  11. 根据权利要求5所述的压缩机，其特征在于，所述压缩机为磁悬浮压缩机。
  12. 一种空调器，包括压缩机，其特征在于，所述压缩机为权利要求5至11中任一项所述的压缩机。
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