WO2018120823A1

WO2018120823A1 - Fungus-based biomass fireproof material using rice straw as main material and preparation method therefor

Info

Publication number: WO2018120823A1
Application number: PCT/CN2017/094767
Authority: WO
Inventors: 彭志立; 陈强; 杨先超; 张雨; 黄梦婷
Original assignee: 深圳市泽青源科技开发服务有限公司
Priority date: 2016-12-30
Filing date: 2017-07-27
Publication date: 2018-07-05
Also published as: CN106675069A

Abstract

A fungus-based biomass fireproof material using rice straw as a main material and a preparation method therefor, the same being composed, according to parts by mass, of 20 parts-65 parts rice straw, 10 parts-25 parts corn cob, 10 parts-25 parts rice bran and 15-30 parts biomass fireproof material additive. The preparation method comprises: preparing culture materials; sterilization treatment; inoculating the culture. The present invention uses rice straw and like biomass materials as a raw material and uses the features wherein fungal mycelium grows rapidly and the twisting force of the mycelium is strong to convert the rice straw and like biomass materials into an environmentally friendly biomass fireproof material. The preparation method for the biomass material is simple, low in production costs, high-strength, has good compactness, and good fireproof performance; the present invention is an environmentally friendly biomass fireproof material having great market prospects and potential.

Description

Fungi-based biomass fireproof material based on straw straw and preparation method thereof

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of environment-friendly biomass fireproof materials, in particular to a fungus-based biomass fireproof material mainly composed of straw straw and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Modern buildings are developing to a higher level. The interior decoration requirements are also becoming more and more perfect, which puts higher requirements on the fire protection of building materials. At present, the main gypsum board, fiber reinforced cement board, wire mesh sandwich composite board, metal composite board and metal sheet, rock wool and slag wool, aluminum silicate fiber, expanded vermiculite, expanded vermiculite, etc. At present, although there are many kinds of fireproof materials available, they still cannot meet the actual needs. In the process of rapid economic development in China, the demand for fireproof materials is increasing and the importance requirements are getting higher and higher. Exploring new fireproof materials, improving the quality of fireproof materials, reducing production costs, further integrating resources and concentrating forces, and pushing China's fireproof materials research to a new level is of great significance to improving the quality of China's construction industry. China is a big agricultural country with abundant straw resources. Rice is the third largest grain crop in China, and there are about 200 million tons of rice straw per year. The straw straw is rich in nutrients, and the main components are cellulose content of 30%-50%, hemicellulose content of 10%-20%, lignin content of 20%-30%, crude protein of 1.8%, and crude fat of 1.5%. At present, rice straw is mainly used in the weaving industry, crop cover, edible fungi, feed, fertilizer, and returning fields. The invention patent (CN103073234A) discloses a formulation for utilizing a straw straw waste recycling plate, which uses glutinous rice juice instead of formaldehyde and chemical rubber as a binder in the filler, but another chemical is introduced into the glutinous rice juice binder. Synthetic reagent, and the method for preparing the regenerated plate is cumbersome, is not easy to be mass-produced, and is also easy to burn; the invention patent (CN102120775A) discloses a method for improving the acetylation of straw straw acetylation, using a certain amount of glacial acetic acid for the pulverized straw straw Pretreatment for 0.5h, then adding a certain amount of acetic anhydride and catalyst concentrated sulfuric acid to form straw acetylation product, the obtained product can be hot pressed into a plate, the plate is easy to catch fire under high temperature or under fire conditions, therefore, the application is subject to limit. China has abundant fungal resources. The known edible fungi resources account for about 50% of the world's total. Many fungi have the advantages of wide range of raw materials, advanced mycelium and strong kinking ability of mycelium. In addition, the cell wall of the edible fungus hyphae is composed of chitin or cellulose, and contains a large amount of fungal polysaccharides inside, and the cementation effect is good. Therefore, the screening of specific fungi that efficiently utilizes the conversion ability of cellulose and lignin, and the development of new environmentally friendly biomass fireproof materials using straw straw can not only achieve efficient recycling of straw straw resources, but also promote the improvement of China's environmental protection industry.

In summary, the existing straw straw is incinerated, which not only wastes resources, but also causes environmental pollution.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a fungus-based biomass fireproof material mainly composed of straw straw and a preparation method thereof, aiming at solving the problem that the straw straw is incinerated, which not only wastes resources but also causes environmental pollution.

The present invention is achieved by a fungus-based biomass fireproof material mainly composed of straw straw, wherein the fungus-based biomass fireproof material mainly composed of straw straw is composed of mass parts. 20 parts - 65 parts of straw straw, 10 parts - 25 parts of corn cob, 10 parts - 25 parts of rice bran and 15 parts - 30 parts of biomass fireproof material additive;

The biomass fireproofing material additive is composed of 32 parts of expanded perlite, 30 parts of stone powder, 11 parts of quartz sand, 13 parts of talc, 8 parts of quicklime and 6 parts of gypsum powder in parts by mass;

The stone powder is composed of 40 parts of potassium feldspar powder, 24 parts of feldspar powder, 22 parts of anorthite powder and 14 parts of sodium feldspar powder in parts by mass.

Further, the straw straw is pulverized to a diameter of 0 mm - 10 mm, wherein 0 mm - 5 mm, 5 mm The proportion of straw straw of -10mm is 66%, 34%; the corncob is powdery granular material with particle size of 0 mm -5mm, wherein the particle size is 0 mm -2 mm, 2 mm -4 mm, 4 mm The proportion of -5mm powdered corn cobs was 47%, 32% and 21%, respectively.

Further, the fineness of the stone powder is 18 mesh to 200 mesh; the fineness of the talc powder is 200 mesh; and the size of the expanded perlite particle is 0 mm -1mm.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a fungus-based biomass fireproof material using straw straw as a main material, and the method for preparing a fungus-based biomass fireproof material mainly composed of straw straw comprises the following steps :

Step one, preparation of the culture material: mixing 20 parts - 65 parts of straw straw, 10 parts - 25 parts of corn cob, 10 parts - 25 parts of rice bran and 15 parts - 30 parts of biomass fireproof material additive; adding to the culture raw material 1.0 to 1.25 times the dry weight of the material, and mix;

Step 2: Sterilization treatment: the culture material is placed in a sterilization bag and sterilized on a tunnel type microwave sterilization device for 10 minutes to 20 minutes;

Step 3: Inoculation culture: the culture material to be sterilized is cooled to room temperature, and the solid fungus strain for production is 10% w/w in a sterile inoculation chamber. -30% w/w is inoculated into the culture raw material and stirred uniformly; then the inoculated culture raw material is placed in a special mold, compacted and sealed, and then cultured in a dark sterile chamber;

Step 4, the sample is dried: after the material in the mold is covered with a thick layer of hyphae, the sample is taken out from the mold and dried at 80 ° C - 108 ° C until the moisture content of the sample is dried to less than 15%. So far, the biomass fireproof material is obtained.

Further, in the first step, the water content in the culture raw material is adjusted to be 55% to 60%, and the pH of the culture material is adjusted to 7-8.

Further, in the third step, the mixture is compacted and sealed in a dark sterile room at a temperature of 20 ° C to 30 ° C, an ambient relative humidity of 50% to 70%, and a carbon dioxide concentration of 3000 PPM to 11,000 PPM for 7 days to 15 days.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a building exterior wall fireproofing material prepared from the fungus-based biomass fireproofing material based on straw straw.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an interlayer of a color steel plate prepared from the fungus-based biomass fireproofing material based on straw straw.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a shock-resistant straw house prepared from the fungus-based biomass fireproof material based on straw straw.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a fire door core panel prepared from the fungus-based biomass fireproof material based on straw straw.

The fungus-based biomass fireproof material with straw straw as main material and the preparation method thereof are provided, and the biomass fireproof material is added to form a dense structure with good fireproof performance after adding the biomass fireproof material additive. Excellent fireproofing material. Expanded perlite, with insulation, heat insulation, non-combustible, anti-aging, corrosion resistance. Quartz sand refers to chemical grade quartz sand, which has high fire resistance, wear resistance and stable chemical properties. Talc refers to chemical grade talc. The talc has excellent physical and chemical properties such as fire resistance, acid resistance, insulation, high melting point, good hiding power, softness, good gloss and strong adsorption. Potassium feldspar powder refers to chemical grade potassium feldspar powder, which has physical properties of fire resistance and high melting point. The feldspar powder refers to the chemical grade feldspar powder, which has the physical properties of fire resistance, high melting point and stable chemical properties. Calcium feldspar powder refers to chemical grade anorthite powder, which has the characteristics of small dielectric constant, low thermal expansion coefficient, small bulk density, high specific strength and high melting point. Sodium feldspar powder refers to chemical grade albite powder, which has physical properties of high melting point and strong adsorption capacity. Before use, the components of the stone powder are firstly mixed in a blender, and then mixed with the other components weighed in the mixer. After adding the biomass fireproofing material additive, the prepared sample has good compactness, good pressure resistance and strong fireproofing ability, and the fireproof grade of the tested sample can reach the B1 level.

The preparation process of the invention only needs to sterilize, inoculate and culture the treated material, and the energy consumption of the whole process is low. The straw straw has its own advantages, and the straw is made into a small density and absorb water under the action of the fungal hyphae. Biomass materials with low rate and good fireproof performance can be used for fireproofing of exterior walls of buildings, interlayers of color steel plates, earthquake-resistant straw houses, and fire door core plates. At the same time, comprehensive utilization of straw resources can be realized, turning waste into treasure and avoiding The pollution caused by the random disposal or burning of straw protects the environment and promotes sustainable development. The biomass material prepared by the invention has simple preparation method, low production cost, high strength, good compactness and good fireproof performance, and is an environment-friendly biomass fireproof material with great market prospect and potential.

DRAWINGS

1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a fungus-based biomass fireproof material containing straw straw as a main material according to an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

The application principle of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The fungus-based biomass fireproof material with straw straw as main material provided by the embodiment of the invention is composed of mass parts 20 parts - 65 parts of straw straw, 10 parts - 25 parts of corn cob, 10 parts - 25 parts of rice bran and 15 parts - 30 parts of biomass fireproof material additives.

Straw straw smashed to a diameter of 0mm-10mm, of which 0 mm -5mm, 5 mm The proportion of straw straw of -10mm is 66%, 34%; the corncob is powdery granular material with particle size of 0 mm -5mm, wherein the particle size is 0 mm -2 mm, 2 mm -4 mm, 4 mm The proportion of -5mm powdered corn cobs was 47%, 32% and 21%, respectively.

The biomass fireproofing material additive consists of 32 parts of expanded perlite, 30 parts of stone powder, 11 parts of quartz sand, 13 parts of talc, 8 parts of quicklime and 6 parts of gypsum powder in parts by mass. Among them, the stone powder is composed of 40 parts of potassium feldspar powder, 24 parts of feldspar powder, 22 parts of anorthite powder and 14 parts of sodium feldspar powder, the fineness is 18 mesh-200 mesh; the fineness of talcum powder is 200 mesh; Perlite particle size is 0 Mm -1mm.

Expanded perlite, with insulation, heat insulation, non-combustible, anti-aging, corrosion resistance.

Quartz sand refers to chemical grade quartz sand, which has high fire resistance, wear resistance and stable chemical properties.

Talc refers to chemical grade talc. The talc has excellent physical and chemical properties such as fire resistance, acid resistance, insulation, high melting point, good hiding power, softness, good gloss and strong adsorption.

Potassium feldspar powder refers to chemical grade potassium feldspar powder, which has physical properties of fire resistance and high melting point.

The feldspar powder refers to the chemical grade feldspar powder, which has the physical properties of fire resistance, high melting point and stable chemical properties.

Calcium feldspar powder refers to chemical grade anorthite powder, which has the characteristics of small dielectric constant, low thermal expansion coefficient, small bulk density, high specific strength and high melting point.

Sodium feldspar powder refers to chemical grade albite powder, which has physical properties of high melting point and strong adsorption capacity.

Before use, the components of the stone powder are firstly mixed in a blender, and then mixed with the other components weighed in the mixer.

After adding the biomass fireproofing material additive, the prepared sample has good compactness, good pressure resistance and strong fireproofing ability, and the fireproof grade of the tested sample can reach the B1 level.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a method for preparing a fungus-based biomass fireproof material containing straw straw as a main material according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:

S101: preparation of culture material: mixing 20 parts - 65 parts of straw straw, 10 parts - 25 parts of corn cob, 10 parts - 25 parts of rice bran and 15 parts - 30 parts of biomass fireproof material additive; adding materials to the culture raw material Dry water 1.0 times -1.25 times tap water, mixing; control the water content in the culture raw material is 55% -60%, while adjusting the pH of the culture material to 7-8;

S102: Sterilization treatment: the culture material is placed in a sterilization bag, and sterilized on a tunnel type microwave sterilization device for 10 minutes to 20 minutes;

S103: Inoculation culture: the culture raw material to be sterilized is cooled to room temperature, and the solid fungus strain for production is 10%-30% in a sterile inoculation chamber. (w/w) Inoculate in the culture raw material, stir evenly; then inoculate the inoculated culture raw material into a special mold, compact and seal at a temperature of 20 ° C - 30 ° C, ambient relative humidity of 50% -70%, carbon dioxide concentration of 3000 PPM -11000 PPM dark Sterile laboratory culture for 7 days to 15 days;

S104: Drying the sample: After the material in the mold is covered with a thick hyphae, the sample is taken out from the mold and dried at 80 ° C - 108 ° C until the moisture content of the sample is dried to less than 15%. The biomass fireproof material is obtained.

The inoculated fungal strain is derived from the invention patent (CN105292758A), which has the characteristics of developed mycelium, strong kinking ability and wide utilization of raw materials.

The application principle of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Example 1

The specific steps for preparing the fungus-based biomass fireproof material using straw straw as the main material provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

(1) Preparation of culture material: 40 parts of straw straw, 15 parts of corn cob, 20 parts of rice bran and 25 parts of biomass fireproof material additive are uniformly mixed; 1.25 times of dry weight of material dry weight is added to the culture raw material, and mixed; The water content in the culture raw material is 60%, while adjusting the pH of the culture material to 8;

Straw straw smashed to a diameter of 0 mm -10 mm, of which 0 mm -5 mm, 5 mm The proportion of straw straw of -10mm is 66%, 34%; the corncob is powdery granular material with particle size of 0 mm -5mm, wherein the particle size is 0 mm -2 mm, 2 mm -4 mm, 4 mm The proportion of -5mm powdered corn cobs was 47%, 32% and 21%, respectively.

(2) Sterilization treatment: the culture material is placed in a sterilization bag and sterilized on a tunnel type microwave sterilization device for 18 minutes;

(3) Inoculation culture: The culture material to be sterilized is cooled to room temperature, and the solid fungus strain for production is 20% (w/w) in a sterile inoculation chamber. Inoculate in the culture material and stir evenly; then inoculate the inoculated culture material into a special mold, compact and seal, and then culture for 10 days in a dark sterile room with a temperature of 24 ° C, an ambient relative humidity of 60%, and a carbon dioxide concentration of 3000 PPM to 11000 PPM. ;

(4) Drying of the sample: After the material in the mold is covered with a thick layer of hyphae, the sample is taken out from the mold and dried at 90 ° C until the moisture content of the sample is dried to less than 15%, ie The biomass fireproof material is obtained.

Example 2

(2) Sterilization treatment: the culture material is placed in a sterilization bag and sterilized on a tunnel type microwave sterilization device for 10 minutes to 20 minutes;

(3) Inoculation culture: the culture material to be sterilized is cooled to room temperature, and the solid fungus strain for production is 30% (w/w) in a sterile inoculation chamber. Inoculate in the culture material and stir evenly; then inoculate the inoculated culture material into a special mold, compact and seal, and then culture for 7 days in a dark sterile room with a temperature of 24 ° C, an ambient relative humidity of 60%, and a carbon dioxide concentration of 3000 PPM to 11000 PPM. ;

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection of the present invention. Within the scope.

Claims

A fungus-based biomass fireproof material mainly composed of straw straw, characterized in that the fungus-based biomass fireproof material mainly composed of straw straw is composed of mass parts 20 parts - 65 parts of straw straw, 10 parts - 25 parts of corn cob, 10 parts - 25 parts of rice bran and 15 parts - 30 parts of biomass fireproof material additive;

The biomass fireproofing material additive is composed of 32 parts of expanded perlite, 30 parts of stone powder, 11 parts of quartz sand, 13 parts of talc, 8 parts of quicklime and 6 parts of gypsum powder in parts by mass;

The stone powder is composed of 40 parts of potassium feldspar powder, 24 parts of feldspar powder, 22 parts of anorthite powder and 14 parts of sodium feldspar powder in parts by mass.
The fungus-based biomass fireproof material based on straw straw as claimed in claim 1, wherein the straw straw is pulverized to a diameter of 0 mm to 10 mm, wherein 0 Mm-5mm, 5 mm-10mm straw straw accounted for 66%, 34%; corncob is powder size 0 mm -5mm, with particle size 0 mm -2mm, 2 mm The proportion of -4mm, 4 mm -5mm powdered corn cobs was 47%, 32% and 21%, respectively.
The fungus-based biomass fireproof material based on straw straw as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fineness of the stone powder is 18 mesh to 200 mesh; the fineness of the talc powder is 200 mesh; and the expanded perlite particles Size is 0 Mm -1mm.
A method for preparing a fungus-based biomass fireproof material containing straw straw as a main material according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing a fungus-based biomass fireproof material mainly composed of straw straw comprises the following steps :

Step one, preparation of the culture material: mixing 20 parts - 65 parts of straw straw, 10 parts - 25 parts of corn cob, 10 parts - 25 parts of rice bran and 15 parts - 30 parts of biomass fireproof material additive; adding to the culture raw material 1.0 to 1.25 times the dry weight of the material, and mix;

Step 2: Sterilization treatment: the culture material is placed in a sterilization bag and sterilized on a tunnel type microwave sterilization device for 10 minutes to 20 minutes;

Step 3: Inoculation culture: the culture raw material to be sterilized is cooled to room temperature, and the solid fungal strain for production is 10% w/w -30% in a sterile inoculation chamber. w/w is inoculated into the culture raw material and stirred uniformly; then the inoculated culture raw material is placed in a special mold, compacted and sealed, and then cultured in a dark sterile chamber;

Step 4, the sample is dried: after the material in the mold is covered with a thick layer of hyphae, the sample is taken out from the mold and dried at 80 ° C - 108 ° C until the moisture content of the sample is dried to less than 15%. So far, the biomass fireproof material is obtained.
The method for preparing a fungus-based biomass fireproof material containing straw straw as a main material according to claim 4, wherein in the step 1, the water content in the culture raw material is adjusted to 55%-60%, and the same is adjusted. The pH of the culture material is 7-8.
The method for preparing a fungus-based biomass fireproof material containing straw straw as a main material according to claim 4, wherein the step 3 is compacted and sealed at a temperature of 20 ° C to 30 ° C and an ambient relative humidity of 50 Incubate in a dark sterile room with %-70% and a carbon dioxide concentration of 3000PPM-11000PPM for 7 days to 15 days.
A building exterior wall fireproofing material prepared by the fungus-based biomass fireproofing material based on straw straw as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.
A sandwich of a color steel plate prepared from the fungus-based biomass fireproof material of the straw straw-based material according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
A shock-resistant straw house prepared from the fungus-based biomass fireproof material of the straw straw-based material according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
A fire door core board prepared from the fungus-based biomass fireproof material of straw straw as described in any one of claims 1 to 3.