CN115043637B - Cement containing biomass combustion waste material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cement containing biomass combustion waste material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/10—Burned or pyrolised refuse
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- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/10—Burned or pyrolised refuse
- C04B18/101—Burned rice husks or other burned vegetable material
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/36—Bituminous materials, e.g. tar, pitch
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- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/76—Use at unusual temperatures, e.g. sub-zero
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of cement, and particularly discloses cement containing biomass combustion waste materials and a preparation method thereof, wherein the cement containing the biomass combustion waste materials is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of silicate cement clinker, 10-20 parts of gypsum powder, 5-15 parts of fly ash, 5-15 parts of slag, 8-12 parts of granular biomass combustion waste materials, 4-6 parts of phase change temperature control materials, 8-12 parts of tourmaline powder, 8-12 parts of bentonite, 6-10 parts of redispersible latex powder, 3-8 parts of magnesium oxide expanding agents and 1-5 parts of solid polycarboxylic acid water reducing agents. The cement has the advantages of high compressive strength, high crack resistance and high frost resistance by utilizing the synergistic effect of the raw materials, and shows good comprehensive performance.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of cement, in particular to cement containing biomass combustion waste materials and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of society, the construction industry has also made rapid progress. The cement is a powdery inorganic cementing material, is also one of important raw materials of concrete, and is widely applied to building construction. The raw materials of the existing cement generally comprise portland cement clinker, gypsum powder, fly ash and slag. In order to realize waste utilization, part of manufacturers add biomass combustion waste materials into cement raw materials, the biomass combustion waste materials are obtained by combusting biomass combustion raw materials and are powdery, the biomass combustion raw materials comprise straws, tree branches, waste wood and the like, and the powdery biomass combustion waste materials are utilized, so that the environmental pollution is reduced, and the waste utilization is realized. However, in practical applications, the inventor finds that the addition of the powdery biomass combustion waste material can increase the compressive strength of cement, but the increase of the compressive strength of cement is limited, the compressive strength of cement needs to be further improved, and the powdery biomass combustion waste material has high looseness, so that ash is easily generated when the powdery biomass combustion waste material is added into a raw material, and the influence on the environment is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to increase the compressive strength of cement and reduce the influence on the environment caused by the generation of ash during the use of the biomass combustion waste material, the application provides the cement containing the biomass combustion waste material and the preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the application provides a cement containing biomass combustion waste materials, which adopts the following technical scheme: the cement containing the biomass combustion waste material is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of silicate cement clinker, 10-20 parts of gypsum powder, 5-15 parts of fly ash, 5-15 parts of slag, 8-12 parts of granular biomass combustion waste materials, 4-6 parts of phase change temperature control materials, 8-12 parts of tourmaline powder, 8-12 parts of bentonite, 6-10 parts of redispersible latex powder, 3-8 parts of magnesium oxide expanding agents and 1-5 parts of solid polycarboxylic acid water reducing agents.
The cement is applied to concrete, so that the concrete has higher compressive strength, and the 28d compressive strength is more than 42Mpa; the cement has high cracking resistance and freezing resistance, the 7d cracking index is less than 60 percent, the mass loss rate after 30 times of freeze-thaw cycles is less than 0.1 percent, and the mass loss rate after 60 times of freeze-thaw cycles is less than 0.3 percent, so that the cement has the advantages of high compressive strength, high cracking resistance and high freezing resistance, shows good comprehensive performance, and increases the using effect of the cement in concrete. Further, since the biomass combustion waste material is in the form of particles, when it is added to the raw material, the influence on the environment due to the generation of ash is reduced.
Powdery biomass combustion waste materials obtained by combusting biomass combustion raw materials are easy to form a coating film on the surface of water when water is added into the powdery biomass combustion waste materials, so that the uniformity of the powdery biomass combustion waste materials and the water mixing material is influenced, and further, the uniformity of the concrete mixing material is influenced, so that the performance of concrete is influenced. In this application, add graininess living beings burning waste material in the raw materials, also can increase its and the homogeneity of water compounding, and then increase the homogeneity of concrete raw materials compounding, improve the compressive strength of concrete.
The granular biomass combustion waste material is added into the raw materials of the cement, and contains a large amount of potassium carbonate, so that the compressive strength and the freezing resistance of the cement can be effectively improved. Add bentonite, can fill the hole, increase closely knit degree, improve the compressive strength of cement, but also can adsorb free metal ion in the waste material of granular biomass burning, reduce the influence of free metal ion to cement in the waste material of granular biomass burning, can also tie the silicon atom simultaneously, further make it react with the hydroxyl ion, and the cross-linking forms the silicate colony, increases the hardness of cement. And the compressive strength and frost resistance of the cement are enhanced by combining the synergistic effect between the granular biomass combustion waste material and the bentonite.
The phase-change temperature control material is added into the raw materials, and can change phase according to the change of external temperature, so that the internal and external temperature difference in the cement curing process is reduced, and the crack resistance and the frost resistance of the cement are improved. Tourmaline powder is added, wherein the tourmaline powder contains metal oxides such as silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, ferric oxide and the like, so that pores can be effectively filled, the thermal conductivity of cement is increased, and the heat transfer in the cement hydration process is facilitated. The synergistic interaction between the phase-change temperature control material and the tourmaline powder is combined, so that the heat in the cement curing process is convenient to control, the influence of hydration heat is reduced, and the crack resistance and the frost resistance of the cement are improved.
Further, the granular biomass combustion waste material is obtained by heating and combusting a wood biological combustion raw material in a decomposing furnace and granulating. The heating of the decomposing furnace adopts wood biological combustion raw materials, and the combustion of the wood biological combustion raw materials can not only generate a large amount of heat and ensure the heat required by the decomposing furnace, but also has the advantages of waste utilization, waste reduction and cost reduction.
Optionally, the granular biomass combustion waste material is formed by burning and granulating the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of wood biological combustion raw materials, 25-30 parts of sludge, 3-8 parts of aluminum oxide, 3-8 parts of ethanol, 5-10 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch and 15-25 parts of water.
Optionally, the granular biomass combustion waste material is prepared by the following method:
SA, crushing a wood biological combustion raw material, adding sludge and alumina, uniformly mixing, adding ethanol, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
SB, burning the mixture until the weight is constant under the condition of oxygen to obtain a burning material;
and SC, uniformly mixing the combustion material and sodium carboxymethyl starch, then adding water for granulation, and drying to obtain the granular biomass combustion waste material.
Ethanol is added into the wood biological combustion raw material to ensure that the wood biological combustion raw material is easy to ignite. The aluminum oxide is added, so that the heat conductivity of the mixture can be increased, the heat transfer is enhanced, and the flame-retardant wood-based biological combustion material has good combustion-supporting property and is convenient for the sufficient combustion of wood-based biological combustion raw materials. The added sludge has good fluidity and lubricity, promotes the uniformity of the mixed materials of the raw materials for the wood biological combustion, releases combustible gas in the combustion process and is convenient for the sufficient combustion of the raw materials for the wood biological combustion. Meanwhile, in the combustion process of the mixture, heavy metal ions in the wood biological combustion raw materials, the sludge and the alumina are deposited, so that the influence of the heavy metals on the cement is reduced.
Optionally, the woody biofuel raw material is one or more of corn stalks, wheat stalks, corn cobs, rice husks, coconut shells, rice straws, bagasse and tree branches.
By adopting the technical scheme, the raw materials for the wood biological combustion are optimized, so that the raw materials for the wood biological combustion are convenient to select.
Optionally, the water content of the wood biological combustion raw material is 3-10%, and the water content of the sludge is 10-20%.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, optimize the water content of wooden biological burning raw and other materials, mud, avoid its water content too high and influence the burning.
Optionally, the phase-change temperature control material is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 430-470 parts of water, 0.5-1.5 parts of emulsifier, 2.5-3.5 parts of n-alkane phase-change paraffin, 1-3 parts of silane coupling agent, 9-11 parts of silicon dioxide, 0.3-1 part of 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide, 0.8-1.2 parts of graphene oxide and 350-450 parts of graphene oxide reducing agent.
Optionally, the phase-change temperature control material is prepared by the following method:
s1, adding an emulsifier into water, stirring and uniformly mixing, then adding n-alkane phase-change paraffin, and continuously stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a premixed solution;
s2, adding a silane coupling agent into water, stirring and uniformly mixing, then adding silicon dioxide, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20-40min to obtain a silicon dioxide dispersion liquid;
s3, adding 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide into water, stirring and mixing uniformly, then adding graphene oxide, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 20-40min to obtain a graphene oxide dispersion liquid;
s4, adding the graphene oxide dispersion liquid into the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid, stirring for 6-10 hours, then adding the premixed liquid, continuing stirring for 6-10 hours, and filtering to obtain a solid;
s5, adding a solid into the graphene oxide reducing agent, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20-40min, heating to 80-90 ℃, carrying out stirring treatment for 6-10h, filtering, and drying to obtain the phase-change temperature control material.
The preparation method comprises the steps of dissolving n-alkane phase-change paraffin in water in advance to form a premixed solution, dispersing silicon dioxide in water to form a silicon dioxide dispersion solution, and dispersing graphene oxide in water to form a graphene oxide dispersion solution, so that the preparation and control of the phase-change temperature control material are facilitated. And the emulsifier is added into the premixed liquid, so that the mixing uniformity is improved. The silane coupling agent is added into the silicon dioxide dispersion, and the silane coupling agent is effectively grafted to the surface of the silicon dioxide, so that the dispersion stability of the silicon dioxide is improved. 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide is added into the graphene oxide dispersion liquid to effectively activate the graphene oxide, and the synergistic interaction between the 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide and a silane coupling agent is utilized to enhance the interaction between the graphene oxide and silicon dioxide and improve the bonding strength of the graphene oxide and the silicon dioxide.
Furthermore, the premix is added into the mixed liquid of the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid and the graphene oxide dispersion liquid, and the normal paraffin phase-change paraffin is adsorbed in pores of the silicon dioxide and the graphene oxide, so that a good fixing effect is achieved on the normal paraffin phase-change paraffin, the phenomenon that the normal paraffin phase-change paraffin is lost when the normal paraffin phase-change paraffin is changed into liquid due to phase change is reduced, the service stability of the phase-change temperature control material is improved, and the service life of the phase-change temperature control material is prolonged. Meanwhile, the graphene oxide reducing agent is utilized to reduce the graphene oxide into graphene, the graphene has good thermal conductivity, the sensitivity of the phase-change temperature control material to temperature is increased, the using effect of the phase-change temperature control material is improved, and the compression strength, the crack resistance and the frost resistance of concrete are also improved.
Optionally, the weight ratio of the water usage amount in the step S1, the water usage amount in the step S2 and the water usage amount in the step S3 is 1 (3-5) to (3-5).
By adopting the technical scheme, the water usage amount in the step S1, the water usage amount in the step S2 and the water usage amount in the step S3 are reasonably distributed, the uniformity of the n-alkane phase-change paraffin in water is improved, and the dispersion stability of silicon dioxide in water and graphene oxide in water is also improved.
Optionally, the graphene oxide reducing agent is a hydrazine hydrate solution, and the mass fraction of hydrazine in the hydrazine hydrate solution is 5-15%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the graphene oxide can be conveniently reduced into graphene, the heat conduction effect of the phase-change temperature control material is enhanced, and the use effect of the phase-change temperature control material is improved.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing the cement containing the biomass combustion waste material, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the cement containing the biomass combustion waste material comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing portland cement clinker, gypsum powder, fly ash, slag, granular biomass combustion waste materials, a phase-change temperature control material, tourmaline powder, bentonite, redispersible latex powder, a magnesium oxide expanding agent and a solid polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent to obtain the cement.
By adopting the technical scheme, the preparation and control of the cement are facilitated.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the cement containing the biomass combustion waste material has the advantages of high compressive strength, high crack resistance and high frost resistance, and shows good comprehensive performance. When the concrete cracking agent is applied to concrete, the 28d compressive strength of the concrete is more than 42Mpa, the 7d cracking index is less than 60%, the mass loss rate after 30 times of freeze-thaw cycles is less than 0.1%, and the mass loss rate after 60 times of freeze-thaw cycles is less than 0.3%, so that the performance of the concrete is effectively enhanced, and the cement has a good using effect.
2. Ethanol is added into the raw materials of the granular biomass combustion waste materials, so that the granular biomass combustion waste materials are easy to ignite. Alumina and sludge are added to facilitate the full combustion. Furthermore, sodium carboxymethyl starch is added into the combustion materials, and then water is added for granulation, so that the combustion materials are granular, the influence on the environment is reduced, the mixing uniformity is increased, and the compressive strength of the cement is improved.
3. The normal alkane phase-change paraffin is added into the raw materials of the phase-change temperature control material, and the phase change is utilized, so that the control of the cement temperature is facilitated. By adding the silicon dioxide and the graphene oxide, the n-alkane phase-change paraffin is effectively fixed, the heat conductivity of the phase-change temperature control material is increased, and the sensitivity and the using effect of the phase-change temperature control material are improved. And a silane coupling agent and 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide are added to enhance the bonding strength of the silicon dioxide and the graphene oxide, and improve the use stability and the service life of the phase-change temperature control material.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Preparation examples
Preparation example I-1
A phase-change temperature control material is mainly prepared from the following raw materials: 450kg of water, 1kg of emulsifier, 3kg of n-alkane phase-change paraffin, 2kg of silane coupling agent, 10kg of silicon dioxide, 0.5kg of 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide, 1kg of graphene oxide and 400kg of graphene oxide reducing agent.
Wherein the emulsifier is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the n-alkane phase-change paraffin is selected from paraffin C18 of Shanghai Confucian entropy new energy science and technology; the silane coupling agent is vinyl triethoxysilane; the silicon dioxide is selected from DFV-98521 of the Correct mineral product in Lingshou county; the graphene oxide is selected from single-layer graphene oxide of a Cistanchis county honest mineral product; the graphene oxide reducing agent is a hydrazine hydrate solution, and the mass fraction of hydrazine in the hydrazine hydrate solution is 10%.
And the phase-change temperature control material is prepared by the following method:
s1, adding an emulsifier into 50kg of water under continuous stirring, and stirring for 20min. And then adding normal paraffin phase-change paraffin, and continuing stirring for 1h to obtain the premixed solution.
And S2, adding a silane coupling agent into 200kg of water under continuous stirring, and stirring for 20min. Then adding silicon dioxide, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to obtain silicon dioxide dispersion liquid.
And S3, adding 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide into 200kg of water under continuous stirring, and stirring for 20min. Then adding graphene oxide, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to obtain a graphene oxide dispersion liquid.
And S4, adding the graphene oxide dispersion liquid into the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid under continuous stirring, and stirring for 8 hours. Then adding the premixed solution, continuously stirring for 8 hours, and filtering to obtain a solid.
And S5, adding a solid into the graphene oxide reducing agent under continuous stirring, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min. And heating to 85 ℃, stirring for 8 hours, filtering and drying to obtain the phase-change temperature control material.
In this case, the weight ratio of the water usage in step S1, the water usage in step S2, and the water usage in step S3 is 1.
Preparation example I-2
A phase-change temperature control material is mainly prepared from the following raw materials: 250kg of water, 1kg of emulsifier, 3kg of n-alkane phase-change paraffin, 2kg of silane coupling agent and 10kg of silicon dioxide.
Wherein the emulsifier is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the n-alkane phase-change paraffin is selected from paraffin C18 of Shanghai Confucian entropy new energy science and technology; the silane coupling agent is vinyl triethoxysilane; the silica is selected from DFV-98521 of the Country Cork mineral product of Lingshou county.
And the phase-change temperature control material is prepared by the following method:
s1, adding an emulsifier into 50kg of water under continuous stirring, and stirring for 20min. And then adding normal paraffin phase-change paraffin, and continuing stirring for 1h to obtain the premixed solution.
And S2, adding a silane coupling agent into 200kg of water under continuous stirring, and stirring for 20min. Then adding silicon dioxide, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to obtain silicon dioxide dispersion liquid.
And S3, adding the premixed solution into the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid under continuous stirring, continuously stirring for 8 hours, filtering and drying to obtain the phase-change temperature control material.
In this case, the weight ratio of the amount of water used in step S1 to the amount of water used in step S2 is 1:4.
Preparation example I-3
The phase-change temperature-control material is different from the phase-change temperature-control material in the preparation example I-1 in that a graphene oxide reducing agent is not added in raw materials of the phase-change temperature-control material, and in the preparation method, the step S4 is different, and the step S5 is not carried out.
The step S4 specifically comprises the following steps: and adding the graphene oxide dispersion liquid into the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid under continuous stirring, and stirring for 8 hours. And then adding the premixed solution, continuously stirring for 8 hours, filtering and drying to obtain the phase-change temperature control material.
Preparation example II-1
A granular biomass combustion waste material is formed by burning and granulating the following raw materials: 100kg of wood biological combustion raw materials, 28kg of sludge, 5kg of alumina, 5kg of ethanol, 8kg of sodium carboxymethyl starch and 20kg of water.
The wood biological combustion raw material is a mixture of corn straws, wheat straws and tree branches, the weight ratio of the corn straws to the wheat straws to the tree branches is 1; the sludge is municipal sludge of a sewage treatment plant, and the water content of the sludge is 15%; the alumina is selected from Chengdu chemical industry; the sodium carboxymethyl starch is selected from Hubei Laide bioengineering.
And the granular biomass combustion waste material is prepared by the following method:
and SA, crushing the wood biological combustion raw material, wherein the average particle size after crushing is 10mm. Then adding the sludge and the alumina under continuous stirring, and stirring for 30min. And then adding ethanol in a spraying manner, and continuously stirring for 50min to obtain a mixture.
And SB, combusting the mixture until the weight is constant under the condition of continuously charging air to obtain a combustion material.
And SC, adding sodium carboxymethyl starch into the combustion material under continuous stirring, and stirring for 30min. And then adding water in a spraying mode for granulation and drying to obtain the granular biomass combustion waste material.
Examples
TABLE 1 Cement raw material content (unit: kg)
| Examples | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| Portland cement clinker | 100 | 90 | 110 |
| Gypsum powder | 15 | 20 | 10 |
| Fly ash | 10 | 5 | 15 |
| Slag of mine | 10 | 15 | 5 |
| Granular biomass combustion waste material | 10 | 8 | 12 |
| Phase-change temperature control material | 5 | 4 | 6 |
| Tourmaline powder | 10 | 12 | 8 |
| Bentonite clay | 10 | 12 | 8 |
| Redispersible latex powder | 8 | 10 | 6 |
| Magnesium oxide expanding agent | 5 | 8 | 3 |
| Solid polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent | 3 | 1 | 5 |
Example 1
The raw material proportion of the cement containing the biomass combustion waste material is shown in table 1.
Wherein the portland cement clinker is P.O42.5 and is selected from Loqing sea snail cement; the gypsum powder is selected from building materials obtained by wall construction in Hebei river; the fly ash is secondary fly ash and is selected from Zhangteng mineral products in Lingshou county; the slag is copper slag and is selected from SQ-T of Dazhu Town; the tourmaline powder is selected from Hebei Ming Chi mineral product; the bentonite is nano bentonite and is selected from Shijiazhuang Guangning mineral products; the redispersible latex powder is selected from Shandong Ke Pu chemical industry; the magnesium oxide expanding agent is selected from LuJIA of Lujia building materials of Beijing century Lujia; the solid polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is selected from Shandong Jinnaite environmental protection science and technology; the phase-change temperature control material is prepared by the preparation example I-1; the granular biomass combustion waste material is prepared by the preparation example II-1.
A preparation method of cement containing biomass combustion waste materials comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing portland cement clinker, gypsum powder, fly ash, slag, granular biomass combustion waste materials, a phase-change temperature control material, tourmaline powder, bentonite, redispersible latex powder, a magnesium oxide expanding agent and a solid polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent to obtain the cement.
Examples 2 to 3
The cement containing the biomass combustion waste material is different from the cement in the raw material ratio shown in the table 1.
Example 4
The cement containing the biomass combustion waste material is different from the cement in embodiment 1 in that the phase-change temperature control material in the raw materials is different, and the phase-change temperature control material is prepared by adopting preparation example I-2.
Example 5
The cement containing the biomass combustion waste material is different from the cement in embodiment 1 in that the phase-change temperature control material in the raw materials is different, and the phase-change temperature control material is prepared by adopting preparation example I-3.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
A cement containing a biomass-fired waste material, which is different from example 1 in that a granular biomass-fired waste material is replaced with an equal amount of a powdery biomass-fired waste material in the raw material of the cement.
A powdery biomass combustion waste material is formed by burning the following raw materials: 100kg of wood biological combustion raw materials, 28kg of sludge, 5kg of alumina and 5kg of ethanol.
The wood biological combustion raw material is a mixture of corn straws, wheat straws and tree branches, the weight ratio of the corn straws to the wheat straws to the tree branches is 1; the sludge is municipal sludge of a sewage treatment plant, and the water content of the sludge is 15%; the alumina is selected from Chengdu Zhongpeng chemical industry.
And the powdery biomass combustion waste material is prepared by the following method:
and SA, crushing the wood biological combustion raw material, wherein the average particle size after crushing is 10mm. Then adding the sludge and the alumina under continuous stirring, and stirring for 30min. And then adding ethanol in a spraying mode, and continuously stirring for 50min to obtain a mixture.
And SB, burning the mixture under the condition of continuously charging air until the weight is constant to obtain the powdery biomass burning waste material.
Comparative example 2
A cement containing a biomass-fired waste material, which is different from example 1 in that no granular biomass-fired waste material is added to the raw material of the cement.
Comparative example 3
A cement containing a biomass-fired waste material, which is different from example 1 in that bentonite is not added to the raw material of the cement.
Comparative example 4
A cement containing a biomass combustion waste material, which is different from example 1 in that a granular biomass combustion waste material and bentonite are not added to a raw material of the cement.
Comparative example 5
The cement containing the biomass combustion waste material is different from the cement in example 1 in that a phase-change temperature control material is not added into the raw materials of the cement.
Comparative example 6
A cement containing a biomass combustion waste material is different from that of example 1 in that tourmaline powder is not added to a raw material of the cement.
Comparative example 7
The cement containing the biomass combustion waste material is different from the cement in the embodiment 1 in that the phase-change temperature control material and tourmaline powder are not added in the raw materials of the cement.
Performance test
The cements obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were used to prepare concrete samples, and the concrete samples were subjected to the following tests, and the test results are shown in table 2.
The concrete sample is prepared from the following raw materials: 5kg of cement, 7kg of natural river sand, 11kg of 4.75-25mm continuous-grade limestone macadam and 2kg of water. And uniformly mixing cement, natural river sand and 4.75-25mm continuous-grade limestone macadam, then adding water, uniformly stirring, and maintaining to obtain the concrete sample.
The following methods were used for freezing resistance: the concrete samples were dried, weighed, and recorded as m 1 . And then placing the concrete sample in water, soaking for 3 hours, taking out, and standing for 1 hour to obtain a soaking sample. Then placing the soaked sample at-17 deg.C, standing for 12 hr, heating to 5 deg.C, and standingRegulating for 12h, cooling to-17 deg.C, standing for 12h, heating to 5 deg.C, standing for 12h, repeating the above steps for 60 times, oven drying, weighing, and recording as m 2 And calculating the mass loss rate of the concrete sample after 30 times and 60 times of freeze-thaw cycles. And, the smaller the mass loss rate, the better the frost resistance of the concrete sample, i.e. the better the frost resistance of the cement.
Mass loss rate/(%) = (m) 1 -m 2 )/m 1 ×100％。
According to GB/T50081-2019 'method standard for testing physical and mechanical properties of concrete', the compressive strength of the concrete sample in natural curing for 28d is detected.
According to GB/T29417-2012 test method for drying shrinkage cracking performance of cement mortar and concrete, the cracking index of the concrete sample in natural curing for 7d is detected. And the smaller the cracking index, the better the crack resistance of the concrete sample, i.e., the better the crack resistance of the cement.
TABLE 2 test results
As can be seen from the table 2, the concrete sample of the application has higher compressive strength, and the 28d compressive strength is 43.6-46.7MPa; the crack index is low, the 7d crack index is 39-58%, and the crack resistance is strong; meanwhile, the freeze-thaw paint has lower quality loss rate which is 0.05 to 0.09 percent after 30 times of freeze-thaw cycle and 0.11 to 0.21 percent after 60 times of freeze-thaw cycle, and shows stronger frost resistance. The cement has high compressive strength, crack resistance and frost resistance, shows good comprehensive performance, has a good using effect in concrete, and meets market demands.
Comparing the example 1 with the comparative example 1, it can be seen that the biomass combustion waste material is granular by utilizing the mutual matching of the sodium carboxymethyl starch and the water, so that the mixing uniformity is effectively increased, the compressive strength of the cement is enhanced, and the using effect of the cement in the concrete is improved. In combination with comparative examples 2 to 4, it can be seen that the addition of the granular biomass combustion waste material and bentonite to the cement raw material can significantly increase the compressive strength of the concrete and increase the frost resistance of the concrete to a certain extent. And the combination of the comparative examples 5 to 7 shows that the addition of the phase-change temperature control material and tourmaline powder into the cement raw materials can obviously increase the frost resistance and crack resistance of the concrete and increase the compressive strength of the concrete to a certain extent. By utilizing the synergistic effect among the granular biomass combustion waste material, the bentonite, the phase-change temperature control material and the tourmaline powder, the compressive strength, the crack resistance and the frost resistance of the cement are improved, and the use effect of the cement in concrete is improved.
Comparing the embodiment 1 with the embodiments 4 to 5, it can be seen that the addition of graphene oxide in the preparation of the phase-change temperature control material, which is further reduced to graphene, can effectively enhance the crack resistance and frost resistance of concrete, and can also increase the compressive strength of concrete and improve the performance of cement.
The specific embodiments are only for explaining the present application and are not limiting to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to the embodiments without inventive contribution as required after reading the present specification, but all the embodiments are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. The cement containing the biomass combustion waste material is characterized in that: the traditional Chinese medicine composition is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of silicate cement clinker, 10-20 parts of gypsum powder, 5-15 parts of fly ash, 5-15 parts of slag, 8-12 parts of granular biomass combustion waste materials, 4-6 parts of phase change temperature control materials, 8-12 parts of tourmaline powder, 8-12 parts of bentonite, 6-10 parts of redispersible latex powder, 3-8 parts of magnesium oxide expanding agents and 1-5 parts of solid polycarboxylic acid water reducing agents;
the granular biomass combustion waste material is mainly formed by burning and granulating the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of wood biological combustion raw materials, 25-30 parts of sludge, 3-8 parts of aluminum oxide, 3-8 parts of ethanol, 5-10 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch and 15-25 parts of water;
the granular biomass combustion waste material is prepared by the following method:
SA, crushing a wood biological combustion raw material, adding sludge and alumina, uniformly mixing, adding ethanol, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture;
SB, burning the mixture until the weight is constant under the condition of oxygen to obtain a burning material;
SC, uniformly mixing the combustion material and sodium carboxymethyl starch, then adding water for granulation, and drying to obtain granular biomass combustion waste materials;
the phase-change temperature control material is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 430-470 parts of water, 0.5-1.5 parts of emulsifier, 2.5-3.5 parts of n-alkane phase-change paraffin, 1-3 parts of silane coupling agent, 9-11 parts of silicon dioxide, 0.3-1 part of 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide, 0.8-1.2 parts of graphene oxide and 350-450 parts of graphene oxide reducing agent;
the phase-change temperature control material is prepared by the following method:
s1, adding an emulsifier into water, stirring and uniformly mixing, then adding n-alkane phase-change paraffin, and continuously stirring and uniformly mixing to obtain a premixed solution;
s2, adding a silane coupling agent into water, stirring and uniformly mixing, then adding silicon dioxide, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20-40min to obtain a silicon dioxide dispersion liquid;
s3, adding 1- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) -3-ethylcarbodiimide into water, stirring and mixing uniformly, then adding graphene oxide, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 20-40min to obtain a graphene oxide dispersion liquid;
s4, adding the graphene oxide dispersion liquid into the silicon dioxide dispersion liquid, stirring for 6-10 hours, then adding the premixed liquid, continuing stirring for 6-10 hours, and filtering to obtain a solid;
s5, adding a solid into the graphene oxide reducing agent, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20-40min, heating to 80-90 ℃, carrying out stirring treatment for 6-10h, filtering, and drying to obtain the phase-change temperature control material.
2. The cement containing biomass-fired waste material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the wood biological combustion raw material is one or more of corn stalk, wheat stalk, corn cob, rice hull, coconut shell, rice straw, bagasse and tree branch.
3. The cement containing biomass-fired waste material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water content of the wood biological combustion raw material is 3-10%, and the water content of the sludge is 10-20%.
4. The cement containing biomass-fired waste material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the weight ratio of the water usage amount in the step S1, the water usage amount in the step S2 and the water usage amount in the step S3 is 1 (3-5) to (3-5).
5. The cement containing biomass-fired waste material as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the graphene oxide reducing agent is a hydrazine hydrate solution, and the mass fraction of hydrazine in the hydrazine hydrate solution is 5-15%.
6. A method of producing a cement containing biomass-fired waste material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of: uniformly mixing portland cement clinker, gypsum powder, fly ash, slag, granular biomass combustion waste materials, a phase-change temperature control material, tourmaline powder, bentonite, redispersible latex powder, a magnesium oxide expanding agent and a solid polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent to obtain the cement.
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