WO2018119725A1 - 安装在管道上用以保护管道通孔的密封防雨装置 - Google Patents

安装在管道上用以保护管道通孔的密封防雨装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018119725A1
WO2018119725A1 PCT/CN2016/112559 CN2016112559W WO2018119725A1 WO 2018119725 A1 WO2018119725 A1 WO 2018119725A1 CN 2016112559 W CN2016112559 W CN 2016112559W WO 2018119725 A1 WO2018119725 A1 WO 2018119725A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pipe
sleeve
sealed
rainproof device
sealing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/112559
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
项文娟
李志强
施云庆
朱明彦
Original Assignee
乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司
项文娟
李志强
施云庆
朱明彦
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Publication date
Application filed by 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司, 项文娟, 李志强, 施云庆, 朱明彦 filed Critical 乔治洛德方法研究和开发液化空气有限公司
Priority to CN201680091349.8A priority Critical patent/CN110023665A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2016/112559 priority patent/WO2018119725A1/zh
Publication of WO2018119725A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018119725A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L5/00—Devices for use where pipes, cables or protective tubing pass through walls or partitions
    • F16L5/02—Sealing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a sealed rainproof device that is mounted on a pipe to protect the through hole of the pipe.
  • the through hole at the top of the cold box is easily eroded by rain and the like, and the sealing condition is harsh; in addition, the equipment in the cold box and the connected pipe are in a low temperature environment, and the equipment such as the air separation tower is made of stainless steel and shrinks at a low temperature.
  • the connected pipe moves axially as the air separation column contracts.
  • the pipe shall be connected to the cold box roof by a flexible structure at the through hole of the pipe, allowing the pipe to have a certain range of axial and radial displacement. Therefore, the pipe through hole requires both good sealing, moisture proof and cold preservation measures, and a flexible structure connection is required.
  • the existing sealing structure may include a rigid connection, a guiding connection, a soft connection, etc., and these structures cannot be well combined in terms of sealing effect, manufacturing cost, protection equipment, etc., and the sealing structure is improved in CN204756172U, using rubber
  • the sleeve and the cover seal are assembled on the periphery of the pipe, and the sealing effect is good and the cost is low.
  • the patent cannot be applied to the case where the pipe needs a large displacement, and the rainproof measure only borrows the portion of the cover which is extended from the cover, and cannot prevent the rain from being removed from the cover.
  • the side of the wet rubber sleeve does not provide good rain protection.
  • CN201599492U provides a cryogenic cold box pipe through-wall structure in which a low temperature pipe does not contact the cold box wall and can be moved in three dimensions, and adopts a short ring, an insulating ring, and a leather tiger seal to connect the low temperature pipe installed outside the cold box wall.
  • the leather tiger is made of neoprene and other fillers, and has the ability to withstand certain internal pressure and sealing requirements.
  • the combination of the rainproof device and the pipe through-hole sealing flexible connecting structure is usually connected by a sealed flexible sleeve at the through-hole of the pipe, and a rainproof device is installed above the flexible sleeve.
  • the rain protection device is installed above the sealing sleeve, and the installation height of the rain cover is increased, and the top assembly of the pipe connection needs to be at least 200 mm high. This makes it more difficult to install and repair the top assembly.
  • the pipe top assembly is a safety valve or rupture disc for overpressure protection, its height is increased, and the distance from the device protected in the cold box is further reduced, and the degree of protection is reduced.
  • the rain cover is separately installed above the sealed flexible sleeve, and the installation is easy to miss.
  • the present invention provides a sealed rainproof device combining a rain cover and a sealed flexible sleeve, thereby allowing the pipe to be displaced within a certain range with respect to the pipe through hole, and having good cold preservation, sealing, and rainproof effects. It also reduces the height of the pipe top assembly.
  • a sealed rainproof device installed on a pipeline for protecting a through hole of a pipeline, wherein a sleeve is provided at a through hole of the pipeline, and the pipeline passes through the sleeve, and an outer diameter of the pipeline is smaller than an inner diameter of the sleeve, the pipeline It can be axially and radially moved in the sleeve, and the sleeve is provided with a lower end clamp; an annular plate is installed on the outer wall of the pipe at the upper end of the through hole of the pipe, and the inner annular ring plate and the outer annular ring plate are respectively arranged at the bottom of the annular plate a lower end clamp is disposed on the inner annular ring plate, and a rain cover is mounted on the outer annular ring plate; the upper end and the lower end of the sealing flexible sleeve are respectively fixed on the upper end clamp and the lower end clamp, and the upper end of the sealed flexible sleeve is The distance from the lower end to the axi
  • the present invention can be applied to a flexible sealing connection of a pipe through hole of an air separation cold box top plate to a pipe.
  • Air separation equipment requires the installation of safety valves or rupture discs for overpressure protection.
  • a safety valve or rupture disc is attached to the top of the duct that passes through the cold box, and the lower end of the duct is connected to the air separation tower in the cold box. Due to the low air separation temperature, the internal air separation tower of the cold box contracts as the temperature decreases, and the connected pipes are also displaced to the inside of the cold box.
  • the internal temperature of the cold box is low, and good sealing measures are required at the through hole of the pipe.
  • the present invention provides a good seal and rainproof measure, and allows axial and radial displacement of the pipe, which is suitable for the case where the top of the air separation cold box protrudes from the pipe.
  • the annular plate may be vertically piped or slightly inclined downward to prevent rainwater deposition.
  • Ring plate Made of stainless steel, the material is the same as the pipe, and the welded raft can reach the seal weld.
  • the annular plate may be a single piece or may be composed of multiple parts as needed. The annular plate is fixed to the outer wall of the pipe by means of sealing welding.
  • the present invention uses a sealed flexible sleeve to wrap the pipe at the through hole of the pipe, and is respectively fixed on the sleeve, such as the outer wall.
  • the sealed flexible sleeve is made of chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber with internal reinforcement and can be stretched or compressed.
  • the sealed flexible sleeve is equipped with a stainless steel zipper, the zipper is a waterproof zipper; the upper end and the lower end of the sealed flexible sleeve are respectively made of stainless steel.
  • the cassette loops are respectively connected with the upper end clamp and the lower end clamp; the axial and radial displacement of the sealed flexible sleeve are respectively greater than the axial and radial displacement of the pipeline.
  • the sealed flexible sleeve belongs to the prior art and has weather resistance, bacteria resistance, and ultraviolet resistance, and is used to prevent seawater, rain, and gas leakage through the through hole of the pipe.
  • the size of the sealed flexible sleeve can be selected according to the size of the pipe and the amount of displacement.
  • the selected flexible sleeve has a maximum axial displacement of 200 mm and a maximum radial displacement of 140 mm.
  • the length of the sealed flexible sleeve pipe is 600mm.
  • the flexible cover and the rain cover that protects it should meet the following conditions:
  • the air separation tower in the cold box reaches the maximum shrinkage ⁇ , the lower end of the rain cover does not touch the top panel of the cold box that the pipe passes out, and the lower end of the rain cover is cold.
  • the vertical distance of the top panel of the box is not more than 80mm; in the cold box, the air separation tower has no shrinkage, and the vertical distance between the lower end of the rain cover and the top panel of the cold box is at least 250mm.
  • the rain cover may be one piece or may be composed of multiple parts as needed.
  • the material can be aluminum sheet, stainless steel or carbon steel. However, aluminum sheets are preferred in view of cost and difficulty in obtaining materials.
  • the size of the rain cover can be determined according to the pipe size, the size of the flexible sleeve, and the displacement of the pipe. The installation position of the rain cover should meet: The maximum shrinkage of the equipment in the cold box, the lower end of the rain cover is less than 80mm from the top of the cold box, and the lower end of the rain cover does not touch the top of the cold box. In this way, the internal equipment of the cold box can be operated to achieve the best rainproof effect.
  • the sleeve is a small box made of a metal grid, and the inside is filled with mineral wool.
  • the internal temperature of the cold box is low, usually using pearl sand as the cold-preserving material.
  • the sleeve is located above the through-hole of the cold box roof, connecting the inside and the outside of the cold box.
  • the filled mineral wool plays a role in cooling and prevents cold.
  • the pearl sand inside the box overflows.
  • the inner annular ring plate and the outer annular ring plate are fixed to the bottom of the annular plate by sealing welding. Its size should correspond to the size of the flexible sleeve, the size of the rain cover, and the installation of the flexible cover and the rain cover.
  • annular plate, the rain cover, and the annular ring plate can be processed in advance, and the annular ring plate at the bottom of the annular plate can be installed on the annular plate in advance.
  • the annular plate is a part welded by a plate of the same material as the pipe, and the inner hole of the annular plate can be made according to the outer diameter of the pipe.
  • the size of the sealed flexible sleeve can be selected according to the size of the pipe.
  • the rain cover, sleeve, upper end clamp, lower end clamp, inner and outer annular ring plates can also be made to the appropriate specifications.
  • the height of the pipe tip assembly is lowered.
  • the structure is combined with the rain cover and the sealing flexible sleeve under the same annular plate.
  • the design reduces the installation height of the rain cover by at least 200 mm, thereby reducing the height of the pipe top assembly, and the top assembly is a safety valve or a rupture disc, the height thereof. Lowering can enhance the effect of overpressure protection.
  • the pipe top assembly is easy to install and replace.
  • the present invention reduces the height of the pipe tip assembly by at least 200 mm for ease of installation and repair and replacement of the tip assembly.
  • the rainproof effect is good.
  • the structure is combined with the rain cover and the sealing flexible sleeve under the same annular plate.
  • the annular plate and the rain cover surround the pipe at the through hole of the pipe, and the equipment reaches the maximum contraction in the cold box, and the lower end of the rain cover and the cold box
  • the top plate is not in contact, and its distance does not exceed 80mm. It prevents rainwater from dripping from the top and sides to the sealed flexible sleeve, which has good rainproof effect.
  • the pipe can be displaced within a certain range. There is a certain gap between the installation of the pipe and the sleeve.
  • the axial and radial displacement of the sealing flexible sleeve are greater than the axial and radial displacement of the pipe due to the shrinkage of the equipment, ensuring that the equipment in the cold box shrinks and the pipe connecting the equipment It can be freely contracted, effectively reducing the force on the nozzle of the equipment, protecting the equipment and ensuring safe operation of the device.
  • the sealing effect is good.
  • the annular plate is made of stainless steel and has the same material as the pipe. Well, it is possible to prevent rainwater from penetrating from the junction of the annular plate and the pipe.
  • the sealed flexible sleeve also has good weather resistance, bacteria resistance, UV resistance and water resistance.
  • the space formed by the welding of the annular plate, the flexible sleeve and the sleeve has a good sealing property.
  • the cold retention performance is good.
  • the sleeve is composed of a metal small box made of carbon steel, and the mineralized cotton filled therein can play a good cold-keeping function, and functions as a seal, rainproof and cold-proof at the through-hole of the pipeline.
  • the rain cover is made of aluminum and has a certain cooling effect.
  • FIG. 1 wherein the label of FIG. 1 is: a sleeve 1', an annular plate 2', a sealed flexible sleeve 3', a rain cover 4';
  • FIG. 2 wherein the reference numerals of FIG. 2 are: sleeve 1, annular plate 2, inner annular ring plate 21, outer annular ring plate 22, sealing flexible sleeve 3, upper end clamp 31, lower end clamp 32, rainproof Cover 4;
  • FIG. 3 is a side view of the rain cover 4
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of a portion where the rain cover 4 overlaps.
  • a sealed rain cover for protecting the through hole of the pipe comprises an annular plate 2 mounted on the pipe, and the bottom of the annular plate 2 is provided with an inner annular ring plate 21 and an outer annular ring a plate 22, wherein the inner annular ring plate 21 is provided with an upper end clamp 31, the upper end clamp 31 is connected with the upper end of the sealing flexible sleeve, the outer annular ring plate 22 is fixed with the rain cover 4, and the sleeve 1 is provided with a sleeve 1
  • the lower end clamp 32 is fixed on the outer wall of the sleeve 1, and the lower end of the flexible sleeve is connected to the lower end clamp 32.
  • the sealed rain cover can be placed on top of the air separation, liquid nitrogen washing, hydrocarbon separation, liquefied natural gas, etc.
  • Embodiment 1 wherein the pipe through hole is located at the top panel of the air separation cold box, and the lower end of the pipe is connected with the air separation tower in the air separation cold box, and the top end of the pipe is connected with the safety valve or the rupture disc for use in airspace The sub-column is overpressure protected.
  • the annular plate may be perpendicular to the pipe or slightly inclined downward; the annular plate is made of stainless steel
  • the annular plate may be integral or composed of multiple parts; the annular plate is fixed to the outer wall of the pipe by means of sealing welding; the size of the annular plate is to be fixed to the outer wall of the pipe, and the bottom of the annular plate can be fixed and sealed. Rain cover.
  • the sealed flexible sleeve is made of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, has a cylindrical shape, is weather resistant, resistant to bacteria, and is resistant to ultraviolet rays, and is used for preventing seawater, rainwater, and gas passing through the through hole of the pipe. leakage.
  • the maximum axial displacement of the sealed flexible sleeve is greater than the axial contraction of the pipeline, and the maximum radial displacement of the sealed flexible sleeve is greater than the radial vibration amplitude of the pipeline.
  • the sealed flexible sleeve allows a maximum axial displacement of 200 mm, a maximum radial displacement of 140 mm, and a sealed flexible sleeve along the axial length of the pipe of 600 mm.
  • the diameter of the sealed flexible sleeve should be such that it can wrap the pipe and the sealed flexible sleeve reaches the maximum contraction and does not touch the pipe.
  • the rain cover may be a whole or a combination of a plurality of rain patches.
  • it is composed of two semi-cylindrical rain-proof sheets.
  • two pieces of rain-proof sheets are respectively fixed on the annular ring plate, and the overlapping portions are fixed by hollow rivets, and the overlapping portion distance is M, as shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, M ranges from 100 to 150 mm, and combines to form a cylindrical structure.
  • the material of the rain cover can be aluminum sheet, carbon steel, stainless steel, and aluminum sheet is considered in consideration of material cost and cold retention performance.
  • the length and width of the rain cover should meet the axial and radial displacement requirements of the pipeline.
  • the air separation tower When the air separation tower reaches the maximum contraction, it can neither collide with the top of the cold box, and ensure that the rain cover covers as much as possible the sealed flexible sleeve. .
  • the length of the rain cover along the pipe is L, and the range of L is 320 mm - 380 mm, preferably 380 mm.
  • the vertical distance of the lower end of the rain cover from the top panel of the cold box is not less than 250 mm.
  • the air separation tower reaches the maximum contraction state, the lower end of the rain cover does not touch the top panel of the cold box, and the distance between the lower end of the rain cover and the top panel of the cold box does not exceed 80 mm.
  • the air separation tower is a tower connected to the inside of the air separation cold box, which is not shown.
  • the sleeve is a small box made of a metal grid filled with mineral wool.
  • the metal is carbon steel.
  • the sleeve is fixed to the top panel of the cold box, and the radial dimension of the sleeve is such that: the outer diameter is not less than the size of the through hole of the pipe, and the inner diameter thereof is larger than the outer diameter of the pipe; the axial dimension of the sleeve is sufficient to fix the lower end of the flexible sleeve, and Ensure the filling thickness of the mineral wool.
  • the lower end clamp can be fixed on the outer wall of the sleeve or can be fixed on the upper part of the sleeve.
  • the vertical height of the sleeve is 80 mm
  • the filling height of the mineral wool is 60 mm.
  • the mineral wool has a cold-preserving effect and prevents the pearly sand from overflowing in the cold box.
  • the vertical height of the inner annular ring plate should be sufficient to fix the upper end of the flexible sleeve. Due to the influence of the outer annular ring plate, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the upper end of the flexible sleeve, the outer annular ring plate should be longer. Outside The vertical height of the side annular ring plate can meet the fixed rain cover; for example, the inner annular ring plate has a vertical length of 110 mm, and the outer annular ring plate has a length of 30 mm; the inner annular ring plate has a diameter that is substantially the diameter of the sealed flexible sleeve.
  • the radial distance between the outer annular ring plate and the inner annular ring plate is preferably not less than 200 mm; the inner and outer annular ring plates are made of stainless steel or carbon steel, and sealed by welding. It is fixed at the bottom of the annular plate.
  • the present invention is applicable not only to a vertical circular pipe but also to a square pipe, a different diameter pipe, etc. by a change in shape and size.
  • the invention is not limited to use on pipes at the top of an air separation cold box, but is also applicable to other pipes that require localized vibration or displacement and which are required to keep cold, seal and rain.

Abstract

一种安装在管道上用以保护管道通孔的密封防雨装置，该密封防雨装置包括环形板（2）、密封柔性套（3）、防雨罩（4）、套筒（1），环形板固定于管道通孔上方的管道外壁，密封柔性套和防雨罩安装于同一环形板下，管道通孔处设有套筒，管道从套筒中穿出；该密封防雨装置安装简易、结构简单，可以用于空气分离冷箱顶部的管道通孔的密封保护，降低了管道顶端组件的高度，便于安装和检修。

Description

发明名称：安装在管道上用以保护管道通孔的密封防雨装置 技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种安装在管道上， 用以保护管道通孔的密封防雨装置。
背景技术
[0002] 许多工业设备需要在低温下运行。 例如， 空气液化分离的装置及其管道在低温 下运行， 为了防止跑冷损失， 需要将其放在冷箱内。 如果冷箱密封不严， 则外 界的湿空气很容易侵入， 使保冷材料变潮， 保冷效果变差， 装置的跑冷损失增 力口。 冷箱内的保冷材料一般采用珠光砂， 其热导率约为 0.040W/ (m.°C) ； 而冰 的导热率是 2.2W/ (m.°C) ， 可见要比珠光砂的导热率增大 50多倍。 尤其是冷箱 顶部管道通孔处易受雨水等浸蚀， 密封条件苛刻； 另外冷箱内设备和连接的管 道处于低温环境下， 设备如空分塔由不锈钢制成， 在低温下收缩， 其连接的管 道随着空分塔的收缩轴向移动。 管道在管道通孔处应采用柔性结构与冷箱顶板 连接， 允许管道有一定范围的轴向和径向位移。 故管道通孔处既需要良好的密 封、 防潮、 保冷措施， 又需要采用柔性结构连接。
[0003] 现有密封结构可以包括刚性连接、 导向连接、 软连接等， 这些结构在密封效果 、 制作成本、 保护设备等方面不能很好的结合起来， CN204756172U中对密封结 构做了改进， 采用橡胶套和盖板密封组合安装于管道外围， 密封效果好且成本 低， 但是该专利无法适用于管道需要较大位移的情形， 且防雨措施仅仅借用盖 板外延伸出的部分， 不能防止雨水从侧面淋湿橡胶套， 不能起到良好的防雨效 果。
[0004] CN201599492U提供了一种低温管道不接触冷箱壁并可做三维移动的低温冷箱 管道穿壁结构， 其采用短圈， 绝缘环， 皮老虎密封连接安装于冷箱壁外部的低 温管道外， 皮老虎由氯丁橡胶及其他填充物制成， 具有承受一定内压力和密封 要求的能力， 该专利虽然提到可以适应户外露天工作的条件要求， 但缺少防雨 保护措施， 雨水直接淋到管道穿壁结构， 加速皮老虎的老化， 密封效果随之降 低。 [0005] 目前， 防雨装置和管道通孔密封柔性连接结构的结合， 通常在管道通孔处采用 密封柔性套连接， 在柔性套上方安装一个防雨装置。 然而， 防雨装置安装于密 封套上方， 防雨罩安装高度增加， 管道连接的顶端组件至少需要加高 200mm。 这样， 导致对顶端组件的安装和维修工作难度增加。 若管道顶端组件为用于超 压保护的安全阀或爆破片， 其高度增加， 距离冷箱内保护的器件的距离更远， 保护程度随之降低。 另外， 防雨罩单独安装于密封柔性套上方， 安装吋容易遗 漏。
技术问题
[0006] 本发明提供一种将防雨罩与密封柔性套组合的密封防雨装置， 从而允许管道相 对于管道通孔在一定范围内位移， 且具有良好的保冷、 密封、 防雨的效果， 还 可以降低管道顶端组件的高度。
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
[0007] 本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为：
[0008] 一种安装在管道上， 用以保护管道通孔的密封防雨装置， 管道通孔处设有套筒 ， 管道从套筒中穿出， 管道的外径小于套筒的内径， 管道可以在套筒内轴向， 径向移动， 套筒上设有下端卡箍； 在管道通孔上端的管道外壁安装环形板， 环 形板底部分别设有内侧圆环圈板和外侧圆环圈板， 内侧圆环圈板上设有下端卡 箍， 外侧圆环圈板上安装防雨罩； 密封柔性套上端和下端分别固定于上端卡箍 和下端卡箍上， 且所述密封柔性套的上端和下端与管道轴线的距离大致相等。
[0009] 本发明可以应用于空气分离冷箱顶板的管道通孔与管道的柔性密封连接。 空气 分离设备需安装安全阀或爆破片进行超压保护。 为了方便安装和维修， 安全阀 或爆破片安装于穿出冷箱管道的顶端， 管道下端与冷箱内空分塔连接。 由于空 气分离温度较低， 冷箱内部空分塔随温度降低进行收缩， 其连接的管道也随之 向冷箱内部位移。 且冷箱内部温度较低， 管道通孔处需要良好的密封措施。 本 发明提供了良好的密封防雨措施， 且允许管道轴向、 径向位移， 适用于前述空 气分离冷箱顶部伸出管道的情形。
[0010] 本发明中， 环形板可以垂直管道， 或者略微向下倾斜， 防止雨水沉积。 环形板 材质为不锈钢， 与管道材质相同， 焊接吋可以到达密封焊接。 环形板可以是一 个整体， 或者根据需要由多部分组成。 环形板采用密封焊的方式固定在管道外 壁。
[0011] 本发明采用密封柔性套包裹住管道通孔处管道， 分别固定在套筒上， 比如外壁
， 和环形板下的内侧圆环圈板， 在环形板、 密封柔性套、 套筒间形成密闭空间 。 密封柔性套材质为氯磺化聚乙烯橡胶， 带有内部补强， 可以拉伸或压缩； 密 封柔性套上装有不锈钢拉链， 所述拉链为防水拉链； 密封柔性套上端和下端分 别有两个不锈钢卡带环， 分别用于与上端卡箍和下端卡箍连接； 密封柔性套的 轴向、 径向位移量分别大于管道的轴向、 径向位移。 密封柔性套属于现有技术 ， 具有耐候性， 耐菌性， 和耐紫外线， 用于防止海水， 雨和通过管道通孔的气 体泄漏。 密封柔性套的尺寸可以根据管道尺寸， 位移量需求选择相应的尺寸。
[0012] 在本发明中， 考虑冷箱内空分塔的最大收缩量， 选用的密封柔性套最大轴向位 移量为 200mm， 最大径向位移量为 140mm。 密封柔性套延管道的长度为 600mm 。 密封柔性套和保护它的防雨罩应满足以下条件： 冷箱内空分塔达到最大收缩 量吋， 防雨罩下端与管道穿出的冷箱顶部面板不接触， 且防雨罩下端与冷箱顶 部面板的垂直距离不超过 80mm; 在冷箱内空分塔无收缩吋， 防雨罩下端与冷箱 顶部面板的垂直距离至少为 250mm。
[0013] 防雨罩可以是一个整体， 或者根据需要由多部分构成。 其材质可以是铝片、 不 锈钢、 碳钢。 但是考虑成本和取材难易程度， 优选铝片。 防雨罩的尺寸可以根 据管道尺寸、 柔性套尺寸、 管道位移幅度确定。 防雨罩的安装位置应当满足： 在冷箱内设备达到最大收缩吋， 防雨罩下端距离冷箱顶板的距离小于 80mm， 且 防雨罩下端不触碰冷箱顶板。 这样在冷箱内部设备运行吋， 可以达到最佳防雨 效果。
[0014] 套筒为金属格网做成的小格箱， 内部填充矿澄棉。 冷箱内部温度较低， 通常采 用珠光砂作为保冷材料， 套筒位于冷箱顶板的管道通孔之上， 连接冷箱内部和 外部， 其中填充的矿澄棉起到保冷作用， 还可以防止冷箱内部的珠光砂溢出。
[0015] 内侧圆环圈板与外侧圆环圈板采用密封焊的方式固定在环形板底部。 其尺寸应 与柔性套尺寸， 防雨罩尺寸相对应， 且便于柔性套和防雨罩的安装。 发明的有益效果
有益效果
[0016] 本发明的技术方案产生的积极效果如下：
[0017] 1) 制作简单。 环形板， 防雨罩， 圆环圈板可以提前加工制作， 环形板底部的 圆环圈板可以提前安装于环形板上。
[0018] 2) 能满足不同外径尺寸管道要求。 环形板是用与管道同材质的板材焊接而成 的一个部件， 可以根据管道外径幵环形板内孔。 密封柔性套的尺寸可以根据管 道尺寸选择相应的尺寸， 防雨罩、 套筒、 上端卡箍、 下端卡箍、 内、 外侧圆环 圈板也可以根据需要制作相应的规格。
[0019] 3) 管道顶端组件高度降低。 此结构结合防雨罩和密封柔性套安装于同一块环 形板下， 该设计降低防雨罩的安装高度至少 200mm， 从而降低管道顶端组件的 高度， 顶端组件为安全阀或爆破片吋， 其高度降低可以增强超压保护的效果。
[0020] 4)
管道顶端组件安装、 更换简单。 本发明降低了管道顶端组件的高度至少 200mm ， 便于顶端组件的安装和、 维修和更换。
[0021] 5) 防雨罩的安装不易遗漏。 防雨罩若单独安装于密封柔性套上端， 安装吋容 易遗忘， 本发明中防雨罩与密封柔性套安装于同一环形板下， 安装吋不易遗漏
[0022] 6) 排水效果好。 环形板在安装吋略微向下倾斜， 起到良好的排积水效果。
[0023] 7) 防雨效果好。 此结构结合防雨罩和密封柔性套安装于同一块环形板下， 环 形板和防雨罩将管道通孔处的管道包围， 在冷箱内设备达到最大收缩吋， 防雨 罩下端与冷箱顶板不接触， 且其距离不超过 80mm， 防止雨水从顶部和侧面淋到 密封柔性套， 有良好的防雨效果。
[0024] 8) 管道可以在一定范围内位移。 安装吋管道与套筒之间有一定间隙， 密封柔 性套的轴向和径向位移量均大于管道因设备收缩引起的轴向和径向位移， 确保 冷箱内设备收缩吋， 连接设备的管道可以自由收缩， 有效减小设备管口受力， 起到保护设备的作用， 保证装置安全运行。
[0025] 9) 密封效果好。 环形板材质采用不锈钢， 与管道材质相同， 焊接吋密封效果 好， 可以防止雨水从环形板与管道连接处渗入。 密封柔性套也具有较好的耐候 性、 耐菌性、 耐紫外线和防水性。 环形板、 柔性套和套筒焊接形成的空间具有 良好的密封性。
[0026] 10) 保冷性能良好。 套筒由碳钢制成的金属小格箱组成， 里面填充的矿澄棉 可以起到良好的保冷作用， 在管道通孔处起到密封， 防雨， 保冷的作用。 另外 ， 防雨罩采用铝片也具有一定保冷功效。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
[0027] 图 1是现有技术附图；
[0028] 其中附图 1的标记为： 套筒 1'、 环形板 2'、 密封柔性套 3'、 防雨罩 4'；
[0029] 图 2是本发明的结构示意图；
[0030] 其中附图 2的标记为： 套筒 1、 环形板 2、 内侧圆环圈板 21、 外侧圆环圈板 22、 密封柔性套 3、 上端卡箍 31、 下端卡箍 32、 防雨罩 4;
[0031] 图 3是防雨罩 4的侧视图；
[0032] 图 4是防雨罩 4重叠部位的俯视图。
本发明的实施方式
[0033] 下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的说明。
[0034] 一种用以保护管道通孔的密封防雨罩， 如图 2所示， 包括安装在管道上的环形 板 2， 环形板 2底部装有内侧圆环圈板 21和外侧圆环圈板 22， 其中内侧圆环圈板 2 1设有上端卡箍 31， 上端卡箍 31与密封柔性套上端连接， 外侧圆环圈板 22固定防 雨罩 4， 管道通孔处设有套筒 1， 套筒 1外壁上固定下端卡箍 32， 柔性套下端与下 端卡箍 32连接。 该密封防雨罩可以放置在空气分离、 液氮洗、 碳氢分离、 液化 天然气等装置冷箱有管道进出的顶部。
[0035] 在实施例 1中， 其中管道通孔位于空分冷箱顶部面板， 管道下端与空气分离冷 箱内的空分塔相连接， 管道顶端与安全阀或爆破片连接， 用于对空分塔进行超 压保护。
[0036] 在实施例 1中， 环形板可以垂直于管道或者略微向下倾斜； 环形板由不锈钢制 成； 环形板可以为一个整体， 也可以由多部分组成； 环形板采用密封焊的方式 固定于管道外壁； 环形板的尺寸应满足其自身固定于管道外壁， 其底部能固定 密封柔性套和防雨罩。
[0037] 实施例 1中， 密封柔性套材质为氯磺酰化聚乙烯， 形状为圆柱形， 具有耐候性 ， 耐菌性， 和耐紫外线， 用于防止海水， 雨水和通过管道通孔的气体泄漏。 密 封柔性套的最大轴向位移量大于管道轴向收缩量， 密封柔性套的最大径向位移 量大于管道径向振动幅度。 例如密封柔性套允许的最大轴向位移为 200mm， 最 大径向位移为 140mm， 密封柔性套沿管道轴向长度为 600mm。 密封柔性套直径 尺寸应满足能包裹住管道且密封柔性套达到最大收缩吋不触碰管道。
[0038] 实施例 1中， 防雨罩可以是一个整体， 或者由多个挡雨片组合而成。 其中， 优 选由两个半圆柱形的挡雨片组成， 如图 3和图 4所示， 两片挡雨片分别固定于圆 环圈板上， 互相重叠部分用空心铆钉固定， 重叠部分距离为 M， 如图 3和图 4所示 ， M范围为 100-150mm， 组合形成圆筒形结构。 防雨罩的材料可以为铝片， 碳钢 ， 不锈钢， 考虑材料成本和保冷性能优选铝片。 防雨罩的长宽尺寸应满足管道 轴向与径向位移需要， 在空分塔到达最大收缩吋， 既不能碰撞到冷箱顶部， 又 要保证防雨罩尽可能多的罩住密封柔性套。 例如防雨罩沿管道的长度为 L， L的 范围为 320mm-380mm,优选 380mm。 在空分塔无收缩状态下， 防雨罩下端距离冷 箱顶部面板的垂直距离不小于 250mm。 在空分塔达到最大收缩状态下， 防雨罩 下端与冷箱顶部面板不接触， 且防雨罩下端与冷箱顶部面板的距离不超过 80mm 。 空分塔是空气分离冷箱内部与管道连接的塔， 图中未示出。
[0039] 在实施例 1中， 套筒为金属格网制成的小格箱， 里面填充矿澄棉。 其中金属为 碳钢。 套筒固定于冷箱顶部面板， 套筒的径向尺寸应满足： 其外径不小于管道 通孔尺寸， 其内径大于管道外径； 套筒的轴向尺寸应满足能固定柔性套下端， 且保证矿澄棉的填充厚度。 下端卡箍可以固定在套筒的外壁上， 也可以固定在 套筒上部， 本发明中， 套筒垂直高度为 80mm， 矿澄棉填充高度为 60mm。 矿澄 棉具有保冷作用， 同吋防止冷箱内的部珠光砂溢出。
[0040] 在实施例 1中吗， 内侧圆环圈板垂直高度应满足能固定柔性套上端， 由于外侧 圆环圈板的影响， 为了便于调整安装柔性套的上端， 应长于外侧圆环圈板， 外 侧圆环圈板的垂直高度满足能固定防雨罩； 例如内侧圆环圈板垂直长度为 110m m， 外侧圆环圈板长度为 30mm; 内侧圆环圈板的直径与密封柔性套的直径大致 相等， 由于密封柔性套收缩吋会侧向鼓出， 外侧圆环圈板与内侧圆环圈板径向 距离优选不小于 200mm; 内、 外侧圆环圈板材料为不锈钢或碳钢， 采用密封焊 固定在环形板底部。
[0041] 本发明不仅适用于垂直圆形管道， 通过形状和尺寸的变换， 同样适用于方形管 道， 异径管道等。 本发明不限于在空气分离冷箱顶部的管道上适用， 同样适用 于其他需要局部振动或位移， 且对保冷、 密封和防雨有要求的管道。
[0042] 以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式， 本实用新型的保护范围并不仅局限于实施例 ， 凡属于本实用新型思路下的技术方案均属于本实用新型的保护范围。 应当指 出， 对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说， 在不脱离本实发明原理前提下的若 干改进和变换， 应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种安装在管道上， 用以保护管道通孔的密封防雨装置， 包括环形板
(2)， 密封柔性套 (3)， 防雨罩 (4)， 套筒 (1)， 其特征在于， 所述环形板 ( 2)固定在管道外壁， 环形板 (2)底部设有内外两个圆环圈板， 其中内侧 圆环圈板 (21)上设有上端卡箍 (31)， 外侧圆环圈板 (22)上固定防雨罩 (4 ); 在管道通孔处设有套筒 (1)， 套筒 (1)内径大于管道外径， 管道从套 筒 (1)中穿过并且能在套筒 (1)中间轴向， 径向位移； 在套筒 (1)上固定 有下端卡箍 (32)， 所述密封柔性套 (3)的上端和下端分别固定于上端卡 箍 (31)和下端卡箍 (32)上， 且所述密封柔性套 (3)的上端和下端与管道 轴线的距离大致相等。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的密封防雨装置， 其特征在于， 其中管道通孔位 于空气分离冷箱顶部面板， 管道下端与空气分离冷箱内的空分塔连接 ， 管道上端安装有安全阀或爆破片。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的密封防雨装置， 其特征在于， 其中的环形板
(2)垂直于管道。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的密封防雨装置， 其特征在于， 其中的环形板
(2)相对于水平位置略微向下倾斜。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的密封防雨装置， 其特征在于， 其中的环形板
(2)采用不锈钢。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的密封防雨装置， 其特征在于， 其中的环形板
(2)为一个整体或者由多个部分组合而成。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 6所述的密封防雨装置， 其特征在于， 其中的环形板 (2) 采用密封焊的方式固定在管道外壁。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的密封防雨装置， 其特征在于， 其中的密封柔 性套 (3)的最大轴向位移量大于管道轴向收缩量， 密封柔性套 (3)的最 大径向位移量大于管道径向振动幅度。
[权利要求 9] 根据权利要求 8所述的密封防雨装置， 其特征在于， 其中的密封柔性 套 (3)的最大轴向位移量为 200mm， 密封柔性套 (3)的最大径向位移量 为 140mm°
[权利要求 10] 根据权利要求 8所述的密封防雨装置， 其特征在于， 其中的密封柔性 套 (3)沿管道长度为 600mm。
[权利要求 11] 根据权利要求 2所述的密封防雨装置， 其特征在于， 在冷箱内空分塔 达到最大收缩量吋， 其中的防雨罩 (4)下端与管道穿出的冷箱顶部面 板不接触， 且防雨罩 (4)下端与冷箱顶部面板的垂直距离不超过 80mm
[权利要求 12] 根据权利要求 2所述的密封防雨装置， 其特征在于， 在冷箱内空分塔 无收缩吋， 其中的防雨罩 (4)下端与冷箱顶部面板的垂直距离至少为 2 50mm。
[权利要求 13] 根据权利要求 2所述的密封防雨装置， 其特征在于， 其中的套筒 (1)为 金属格网做成的小格箱， 其中填充矿澄棉， 所述金属为碳钢。
[权利要求 14] 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的密封防雨装置， 其特征在于， 其中的内、 外 圆环圈板采用密封焊固定在环形板 (2)底部。
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