WO2018111063A1 - Módulo fotovoltaico con sistema para identificación de causa de disminución de potencia eléctrica e independencia de falla - Google Patents
Módulo fotovoltaico con sistema para identificación de causa de disminución de potencia eléctrica e independencia de falla Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018111063A1 WO2018111063A1 PCT/MX2016/000140 MX2016000140W WO2018111063A1 WO 2018111063 A1 WO2018111063 A1 WO 2018111063A1 MX 2016000140 W MX2016000140 W MX 2016000140W WO 2018111063 A1 WO2018111063 A1 WO 2018111063A1
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- cells
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- photovoltaic
- activation
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
- H02S50/10—Testing of PV devices, e.g. of PV modules or single PV cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- the present invention has its preponderant field of application in the field of photovoltaic solar utilization, particularly in the detection of cause of decrease of electrical power in photovoltaic modules in order to achieve efficient preventive and / or corrective maintenance.
- a fault determination system is detailed in each photovoltaic chain, by specifying a characteristic electric current curve of each chain, determining a slope tangent to each point of the characteristic current curve and the Calculation of a difference between the slopes of the tangent of any pair of adjacent points. Then it is determined whether an absolute value of the difference is less than a preset value; If so, it determines that the chain is in a normal working state, otherwise it determines that the chain is in a state of malfunction. When the fault is identified an alarm device sends a signal to the system to notify it in a specific photovoltaic chain.
- US20130201027, CN102778641, WO / 2016/085010 and JP2012084809 patents comprise voltage control stages through each chain in order to measure the voltages to know if the voltage falls below a limit of Acceptable voltage, indicating a fault condition.
- the invention US20160061881 refers to a "smart" junction box that provides electrical measurements of photovoltaic cell chains to detect premature degradation of photovoltaic cells, insufficient bypass diodes and arc formation, and reports it to a location central and / or provides for the automatic disconnection of a certain series of photovoltaic cells.
- US20110088744 describes a temperature sensing device for the detection of diode faults in the photovoltaic modules, which is encapsulated between two transparent sheets, next to the photovoltaic cells and in connection with one or more diodes bypass
- the detection of the temperature apparatus can be activated when a current flow passes through the bypass diodes when there are damaged solar cells, shaded cells and / or the like.
- This system suffers from not being able to identify the type of situation that caused the failure, either by damaged cells or by dirt.
- the CN104391189 patent is characterized in that it makes a diagnosis of the failures of the photovoltaic matrix, these are classified in 3 stages: the first, if a fault occurs in a branch circuit is determined using an incremental ratio method of energy, the second, if failures occur in all photovoltaic chains is determined by the use of a current and voltage similarity method, and the third, the determination of the fault positioning.
- the invention KR101535056 detects and diagnoses faults and is characterized in that it minimizes the loss of energy due to a failure of the intensity of solar radiation, the temperature and the wind speed.
- Figure 1 is the architecture of an array of photovoltaic cells, transistors, electric buffers, rectifier diodes, system outputs embedded in the operation of a photovoltaic module and different sensors.
- the components [Cx] are photovoltaic cells that are connected in series with a transistor [Gx], in parallel to these two components a rectifier diode [Dx] is connected with bypass function.
- Voltage outputs of an embedded system [U] are each connected to a different electrical buffer [Bx], which in turn is connected to the base terminal of each transistor [Qx] to polarize it and allow the passage of current generated by its respective cell [Cx].
- the order of sending the signal through the different buffers is determined by the embedded system [U], based on the values given by the electric current [A], voltage [V] and mechanical vibration [S] sensors. .
- FIG 2 illustrates an example of a voltage signal measured at the output of the photovoltaic module by a sensor over a period of time. determined during a specific transistor activation sequence.
- Each period ⁇ is the activation time of each transistor [Gx] (mentioned in Figure 1), so each voltage step corresponds to the start of photovoltaic generation of each cell [Cx] (mentioned in Figure 1).
- FIG 3 illustrates an example of an electrical current signal at the output of the photovoltaic module, read by a sensor over a certain time during a specific sequence of transistor activation.
- Each period "tx" corresponds to the activation time of each transistor [Gx] (mentioned in Figure 1).
- Figure 4 is an example of a system operation case, where each subsection corresponds to the mapping recorded in the memory of the embedded system controller based on the measurement of current and voltage during different transistor activation sequences. Each cell where a low production of electric current or voltage is recorded is enclosed in a circle.
- Figure 5 is another example of a system operation case, where each subsection corresponds to the mapping recorded in the memory of the embedded system controller based on the measurement of current and voltage during different transistor activation sequences. Each cell where there is a low production of electric current or voltage is shown enclosed with a circle.
- the Power Loss Cause Identification System of the present invention is made up of at least one transistor, an electric buffer and a rectifier diode for each cell or group of cells, and an embedded system which integrates the different sensors, outputs and inputs of electrical signals.
- the embedded system controller decides the order of sending voltage signals for the activation of the different transistors.
- Figure 2 presents an example of a curve registered with the voltage signal, where each photovoltaic cell is expected to produce a voltage step during its activation. If there is a period where there is no step of voltage as in t3, then it means that cell C3 is not producing voltage and is registered by the controller to map cells with voltage generation problems.
- Figure 3 presents an example of a curve registered with the electric current signal, where a horizontal line is expected with slight decreases in some periods. If there is a period where there is a fall that exceeds a predetermined level such as t5, then it means that cell C5 is producing a lower than expected comment, so it is registered in the controller to map cells with problems of electric current generation.
- Ef embedded system monitors 100% of the time the electrical output power of the photovoltaic module, if a decrease is registered then the transistors are deactivated, so that no cell will generate electrical current. Then an activation sequence starts from G1 to the last transistor Gn. If the embedded system controller records the specific case of Figure 4a, where cell C4 is detected with voltage or electrical current generation problems, then the controller will restart another transistor activation sequence giving activation priority to the same cell already the cells that are around the cell with poor production C3, C5 and C6.
- an activation sequence starts from G1 to the last transistor Gn. If the embedded system controller records the specific case of Figure 5a, where cell C5 is detected with problems of voltage or electrical current generation, then the controller will restart another transistor activation sequence giving activation priority to the same cell already the cells that are around the cell with poor production C4, C6 and C12. In the following activation sequence you have recorded problems in cell C5 and C12 ( Figure 5b), then restart the activation sequence and give priority to cells C4, C5, C6, C11, C12 and C13, where you record that the decrease Electricity production was moved to cells C7 and C10 ( Figure 4c).
- the system repeats this operation for a certain time, where the result of the analysis may throw the conclusion that there is a dynamic shadow with random movement, such as a loose tree leaf moving by the action of the wind or a spot of particles of dust also moving by the action of the wind.
Abstract
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Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/MX2016/000140 WO2018111063A1 (es) | 2016-12-15 | 2016-12-15 | Módulo fotovoltaico con sistema para identificación de causa de disminución de potencia eléctrica e independencia de falla |
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PCT/MX2016/000140 WO2018111063A1 (es) | 2016-12-15 | 2016-12-15 | Módulo fotovoltaico con sistema para identificación de causa de disminución de potencia eléctrica e independencia de falla |
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WO2018111063A1 true WO2018111063A1 (es) | 2018-06-21 |
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PCT/MX2016/000140 WO2018111063A1 (es) | 2016-12-15 | 2016-12-15 | Módulo fotovoltaico con sistema para identificación de causa de disminución de potencia eléctrica e independencia de falla |
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010078303A2 (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2010-07-08 | Atonometrics, Inc. | Electrical safety shutoff system and devices for photovoltaic modules |
US20140311546A1 (en) * | 2010-02-13 | 2014-10-23 | Ingmar Kruse | Method for disconnecting a photovoltaic assembly and photovoltaic assembly |
DE102013218349A1 (de) * | 2013-09-13 | 2015-03-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Überprüfen der Fehlerfreiheit eines von einem Wechselspannungsnetz entkoppelten Fotovoltaiksystems |
US20160006392A1 (en) * | 2013-02-11 | 2016-01-07 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Safe Photovoltaic System |
-
2016
- 2016-12-15 WO PCT/MX2016/000140 patent/WO2018111063A1/es active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2010078303A2 (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2010-07-08 | Atonometrics, Inc. | Electrical safety shutoff system and devices for photovoltaic modules |
US20140311546A1 (en) * | 2010-02-13 | 2014-10-23 | Ingmar Kruse | Method for disconnecting a photovoltaic assembly and photovoltaic assembly |
US20160006392A1 (en) * | 2013-02-11 | 2016-01-07 | Phoenix Contact Gmbh & Co. Kg | Safe Photovoltaic System |
DE102013218349A1 (de) * | 2013-09-13 | 2015-03-19 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Überprüfen der Fehlerfreiheit eines von einem Wechselspannungsnetz entkoppelten Fotovoltaiksystems |
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