WO2018110219A1 - Capteur ec et système de gestion de champ correspondant - Google Patents

Capteur ec et système de gestion de champ correspondant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018110219A1
WO2018110219A1 PCT/JP2017/041847 JP2017041847W WO2018110219A1 WO 2018110219 A1 WO2018110219 A1 WO 2018110219A1 JP 2017041847 W JP2017041847 W JP 2017041847W WO 2018110219 A1 WO2018110219 A1 WO 2018110219A1
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Prior art keywords
electrodes
value
sensor
measured
amount
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PCT/JP2017/041847
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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山口　健太
義之 大場
雅雄 宇野
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株式会社村田製作所
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Priority to CN201790000493.6U priority Critical patent/CN208766227U/zh
Priority to JP2018533853A priority patent/JPWO2018110219A1/ja
Publication of WO2018110219A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018110219A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
    • G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant

Definitions

  • the present invention uses an EC sensor that measures an EC (Electrical Conductivity) value using a plurality of electrodes that are exposed on the surface of a housing and brought into contact with a measurement object, and the EC sensor.
  • the present invention relates to an agricultural field management system.
  • Patent Document 1 there is a soil sensor disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.
  • first, second, and third electrodes and two water supply ports are provided in a straight line.
  • the three electrodes are selected and connected to the EC value measurement unit or the moisture content measurement unit in the measurement control device by internal wiring.
  • the two water supply openings are opened between the first and second electrodes and at portions between the second and third electrodes.
  • the soil sensor is inserted into the soil, and three electrodes are used in contact with the soil.
  • the moisture content measurement unit measures the moisture content in the soil, and the microcontroller controls the electromagnetic on-off valve according to the measurement result to supply moisture from the water supply port into the soil.
  • the EC value between the first and second electrodes or between the second and third electrodes is measured under the control of the microcontroller.
  • the electromagnetic on-off valve is controlled so that moisture is supplied to the soil between the first and second electrodes or between the second and third electrodes from the water supply port. After replenishing, the EC value between the electrodes is measured.
  • the EC value measurement by the conventional soil sensor is a mechanism for measuring the EC value between two electrodes, the surface of the electrode is dirty or the electric conduction of stones or the like is hindered between the electrodes. If there is, correct EC value cannot be measured.
  • D / S in the equation (1) is called a cell constant and is determined by the structure of the electrode.
  • this cell constant By changing this cell constant, the measurement range of the electrical conductivity k of the object to be measured can be widened. That is, if the cell constant is reduced, it is suitable for the measurement range of low electrical conductivity k. Further, if the cell constant is increased, it becomes suitable for the measurement range of high electrical conductivity k.
  • the cell constant is constant, and the range of soil electrical conductivity k that can be measured with high sensitivity is also determined. For this reason, the conventional soil sensor cannot measure EC values with high sensitivity for various types of soil.
  • the present invention has been made to solve such problems, EC value of the object to be measured based on a plurality of electrodes exposed on the surface of the housing and brought into contact with the object to be measured, and an electrical resistance between the electrodes measured by applying a measurement voltage between the electrodes
  • an EC sensor configured to include a measurement circuit that calculates At least three electrodes are provided, A selection circuit that selects a plurality of arbitrary pairs of electrodes from a plurality of electrodes, The measurement circuit applies a measurement voltage between each pair of electrodes selected by the selection circuit to calculate a plurality of EC values, and excludes abnormal EC values far from the calculated EC values. It is characterized in that an EC value of a measurement object is determined.
  • an abnormal EC value that is far away from a plurality of calculated EC values is excluded by the measurement circuit, so that the surface of the electrode is soiled or an electric current such as a stone is interposed between the electrodes. Even when there is something that hinders conduction, the correct EC value can be measured.
  • the electrode pair selected by the selection circuit according to the type of the measurement object to be measured, the electrode pair having the inter-electrode distance or the electrode area according to the type of the measurement object to be measured is obtained.
  • the constant can be set to a desired value. For this reason, EC values can be measured with high sensitivity for various types of objects to be measured.
  • the present invention is characterized in that the arbitrary pair of electrodes is a pair of a single electrode, a pair of a plurality of electrodes, or a pair of a single electrode and a plurality of electrodes.
  • the selection circuit there are many types of electrode pairs that can be selected by the selection circuit, and it becomes possible to select electrode pairs having various inter-electrode distances or electrode areas. For this reason, the EC value can be measured with high sensitivity by setting the cell constant to an optimum value for a wide variety of objects to be measured.
  • the selection circuit interrupts the application of the measurement voltage to each one end of the electrode, and the plurality of second switches disconnects the connection between each other end of the electrode and the reference voltage. It is characterized by comprising a switch and a control circuit for controlling the on / off of each of the first switch and the second switch.
  • the control circuit controls the on / off of each of the first switch and the second switch, thereby forming an arbitrary pair of electrodes in various forms and having a desired inter-electrode distance or electrode area.
  • a measurement voltage can be applied to the electrode pair. Therefore, the cell constant of the electrode pair can be easily set to an appropriate value according to the type of the object to be measured, and the EC value can be measured with high sensitivity for various types of objects to be measured.
  • the present invention is characterized in that the measurement circuit determines an EC value of an object to be measured using an effective EC value by excluding an abnormal EC value from a plurality of calculated EC values. .
  • abnormal EC values are uniformly excluded from the plurality of calculated EC values, and the EC value of the object to be measured is determined using an effective EC value. For this reason, the abnormal value of the EC value can be easily detected, and the EC value can be easily detected with high accuracy.
  • the present invention also provides any one of the EC sensors described above, a moisture sensor that measures the moisture content of the soil in the field, the EC value data of the soil in the field that is measured by the EC sensor, and the moisture that is measured by the moisture sensor.
  • a transmission unit for transmitting content rate data; a storage unit for storing fertilization rate defining data for defining fertilization rate for the EC value of soil in the field and irrigation rate defining data for defining irrigation rate for the moisture content of soil in the field;
  • Data processing for determining fertilization amount and irrigation amount to soil with reference to fertilization amount regulation data and irrigation amount regulation data stored in storage unit based on EC value data and moisture content rate data received from transmission unit And the amount of fertilizer applied to the soil by the irrigation device according to the amount of fertilization and irrigation determined by the data processing unit and And a fertilization amount and irrigation quantity adjusting unit for adjusting the amount of water, to constitute a field management system.
  • the EC value of the soil is correctly measured by the EC sensor, and the EC value is measured with high sensitivity for various types of soil, so that fertilization and irrigation with an appropriate fertilization amount can be performed on the crop. Become. For this reason, it is possible to provide a field management system that can suppress variations in the quality and yield of crops.
  • the correct EC value can be measured and various kinds of measured objects even if the surface of the electrode is dirty or there is something that obstructs electrical conduction such as stones between the electrodes.
  • An EC sensor capable of measuring an EC value with high sensitivity for an object can be provided.
  • FIG. 2 is a measurement circuit diagram of the EC sensor shown in FIG. 1. It is a figure which shows the example of a pattern of the electrode pair selected by the selection circuit of EC sensor shown in FIG. (A) is a top view of the EC sensor by the comparative example of EC sensor by one Embodiment, (b) is a side view. It is a functional block diagram of the field management system comprised using EC sensor shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 1A is a plan view of an EC sensor 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the EC sensor 1 is configured by housing an electronic circuit board in which a measurement circuit 3 described later is formed in a resin casing 2.
  • the electrode part 4 on the surface of the housing 2 is contacted with the object to be measured. 1-No. Nine nine electrodes 4 1 to 4 9 are exposed.
  • the object to be measured is soil or the like, and the housing 2 is formed with a sharp tip, so that the EC sensor 1 can be easily inserted into the soil or the like.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of the measurement circuit 3 formed on the electronic circuit board.
  • Measuring circuit 3 electrodes 4 1 ⁇ 4 9, MCU ( Micro Controller Unit) 5, an operational amplifier 6, resistors R, is constituted by a first switch S 11 ⁇ S 19 and the second switches S 21 ⁇ S 29, the electrode 4 1 1-4 based on the electrical resistance R between the measuring electrodes 4 1-4 a voltage V is measured by applying 9 between 9 calculates the MCU5 the EC value of the object to be measured.
  • the MCU 5 has a built-in D / A conversion circuit, and outputs an AC voltage signal as a measurement voltage V from the DAC terminal.
  • This AC voltage signal is applied to a voltage dividing circuit composed of a series circuit of a resistor R and electrodes 4 1 to 4 9 to be divided.
  • the divided signal d is amplified by the operational amplifier 6 and input to the ADC terminal of the MCU 5, A / D converted by the A / D conversion circuit built in the MCU 5, and used for the calculation of the EC value.
  • Nine second switches S 21 to S 29 are provided for interrupting connection with a certain ground voltage.
  • Each of the first switches S 11 to S 19 and the second switches S 21 to S 29 is intermittently controlled by the control of the MCU 5 constituting the control circuit.
  • the first switches S 11 to S 19 , the second switches S 21 to S 29, and the MCU 5 constitute a selection circuit that selects a plurality of arbitrary pairs of electrodes from the plurality of electrodes 4 1 to 4 9 .
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing 24 examples of electrode pair patterns selected by a selection circuit, for example.
  • the same parts as those in FIG. Further, the reference numerals are given only for the pattern 1, and the patterns 2 to 24 are the same as the pattern 1, so the illustration of the reference numerals is omitted.
  • the electrode pair measured by the measurement circuit 3 is shown as a pair of electrodes with black dots connected by a line.
  • a thick line connecting the electrodes means that the electrodes are short-circuited.
  • a single electrode No. 1 and single electrode no As shown in FIG. 1 to 3 and a plurality of electrode Nos. There are 4-6 pairs. Although not shown, there are also a pair of a single electrode and a plurality of electrodes.
  • the first switch S 11 only the second switch S 24 is turned on, all the remaining switches are turned off.
  • the pattern 16 only the first switches S 11 , S 12 , S 13 and the second switches S 24 , S 25 , S 26 are turned on, and all the remaining switches are turned off.
  • the measurement circuit 3 applies a measurement voltage V between each pair of electrodes of the pattern selected by the selection circuit, calculates a plurality of EC values based on the above-described equation (1), and among the calculated EC values.
  • the EC value of the object to be measured is determined by excluding the abnormal EC value far from the target.
  • an abnormal value is detected by the EC value measured using that electrode.
  • an abnormality such as a short circuit occurs in the third electrode 4 3 due to the presence of electrically conductive interference or high electrical conductivity thereof due to dirt and stone surfaces
  • the EC value measured between 6 is extremely smaller or larger than the EC value measured with electrode pairs of other patterns. In such a case, the measurement circuit 3 excludes the EC value indicating an abnormal value, and calculates the measured value of the EC value from the remaining data.
  • the abnormal EC value that is far from the calculated plurality of EC values is excluded by the measurement circuit 3, so that the surface of the electrode is soiled. Even when there is a material such as a stone that hinders electrical conduction between the electrodes, the correct EC value can be measured.
  • the electrode pair pattern selected by the selection circuit is changed according to the type of the measurement object, and the inter-electrode distance d or the electrode area according to the type of the measurement object.
  • the cell constant d / S can be set to a desired value. For this reason, EC values can be measured with high sensitivity for various types of objects to be measured.
  • an electrode on the applied voltage side is applied so as to increase the cell constant d / S, for example, as in pattern 4 shown in FIG. No. No. 1 on the ground voltage side electrode. 7 is used, the inter-electrode distance d is increased and the electrode area S is decreased.
  • the electrode constant on the applied voltage side is set to No. so as to reduce the cell constant d / S, for example, as in the pattern 16 shown in FIG. No. 1 to the plurality of electrodes 1 to 3 and the electrode on the ground voltage side.
  • the inter-electrode distance d is decreased and the electrode area S is increased.
  • the cell constant d / S can be properly used depending on the measurement target having different electrical conductivities k as described above, and the range in which the EC value can be measured with high accuracy can be widened. .
  • the types of electrode pairs that can be selected by the selection circuit are abundant as illustrated in FIG. 3, and electrode pairs having various inter-electrode distances d or electrode areas S. It becomes possible to select. For this reason, the EC value can be measured with high sensitivity by setting the cell constant d / S to an optimum value for a wide variety of objects to be measured.
  • the MCU 5 controls the on / off of each of the first switches S 11 to S 19 and the second switches S 21 to S 29 , so that an arbitrary pair of electrodes can be formed as shown in FIG.
  • the measurement voltage V can be applied to an electrode pair having a desired inter-electrode distance d or electrode area S. Therefore, the cell constant d / S of the electrode pair can be easily set to an appropriate value according to the type of the object to be measured, and the EC value can be measured with high sensitivity for various types of objects to be measured.
  • abnormal EC values are uniformly excluded from a plurality of calculated EC values, and the EC value of the object to be measured is determined using an effective EC value. It is determined. For example, among the plurality of calculated EC values, the maximum and minimum EC values are uniformly excluded as abnormal EC values, and the average value of the remaining effective EC values is determined as the EC value of the object to be measured. The For this reason, the abnormal value of the EC value can be easily detected, and the EC value can be easily detected with high accuracy.
  • An EC sensor 11 shown in FIG. 4 is a comparative example of the EC sensor 1 according to the present embodiment, and two electrodes 14 1 and 14 2 are provided on the electrodes of the electrode portion 14. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.
  • Such an EC sensor 11 includes only two electrodes 14 1 and 14 2 , like the EC sensor 1 according to the present embodiment, a plurality of arbitrary pairs of a plurality of electrodes 4 1 to 4 9 can be selected.
  • the electrode cannot be selected. For this reason, when the surface of one electrode 14 1 or 14 2 is soiled or there is something that obstructs electrical conduction such as stone between the electrodes 14 1 and 14 2 , the electrode 14 1 , When measuring the EC value by using the 14 2, only the abnormal value is not detected.
  • the electrodes 14 1, 14 distance between 2 d and the electrode 14 1, 14 2 of area S is uniquely determined, cell constant d / S is constant, the electric conductivity of the high sensitivity measurement subject can be measured The range of rate k is also determined.
  • the EC sensor 1 according to the present embodiment includes three or more electrodes 4 1 to 4 9 as described above, the electrode pair pattern is changed, and the inter-electrode distance d corresponding to the type of the object to be measured.
  • an electrode pair pattern having an electrode area S a wide range in which the EC value can be measured with high accuracy can be obtained. Therefore, by referring to the EC sensor 11 according to this comparative example, the usefulness of the EC sensor 1 according to the present embodiment can be recognized again.
  • the number of electrodes is nine has been described.
  • the number of electrodes is not limited to this, and any number of electrodes can be set as long as the number is three or more. . Even in such a configuration, the same effects as those of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.
  • FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of the field management system 21 configured using the EC sensor 1 described above.
  • the farm field management system 21 includes an irrigation device 22, a monitoring device 23, and a server 24.
  • the irrigation device 22 gives liquid fertilizer and water to the crop planted in the field.
  • a plurality of monitoring devices 23 are installed at locations where monitoring is required in the field.
  • the monitoring device 23 includes the EC sensor 1 described above, a moisture sensor 1a configured in the same housing 2 as the EC sensor 1, and a transceiver 29 for transmitting and receiving data to and from the server 24 wirelessly or by wire.
  • the EC sensor 1 has a sensor portion in which the measurement circuit 3 shown in FIG. 2 is formed, and the tip is inserted into the soil in the vicinity where the crop is planted.
  • the moisture sensor 1a measures the moisture content of the soil.
  • a controller 25 that controls the irrigation device 22 is connected to the transceiver 29.
  • the control unit 25 controls the opening amount of a solenoid valve provided in a pipe for supplying water to the irrigation device 22 and the mixing amount for mixing liquid fertilizer into the piping, thereby controlling the fertilization amount and irrigation amount by the irrigation device 22. Control. While the solenoid valve is open, water pumped by the piping is sprinkled from the irrigation device 22 according to the amount of opening of the solenoid valve, and fertilization and irrigation are performed on the crop.
  • the server 24 is installed in a management center or the like, has a communication unit 26, and transmits and receives data by a transceiver 29 and a communication unit 26 installed in a farm field.
  • the transmitter / receiver 29 constitutes a transmission unit, and transmits to the communication unit 26 the EC value data of the soil that is the measurement object measured by the EC sensor 1 and the moisture content data in the soil measured by the moisture sensor 1a.
  • the server 24 includes a specified value DB (database) 27 that constitutes a storage unit, and an irrigation amount / fertilization amount determination unit 28 that constitutes a data processing unit.
  • the prescribed value DB 27 stores fertilizer amount defining data that defines the fertilizer amount with respect to the EC value of the soil in the field and irrigation amount defining data that defines the amount of irrigation with respect to the moisture content in the soil in the field.
  • the irrigation amount / fertilization amount determination unit 28 is required for fertilization and irrigation of the field crops based on the EC value data and moisture content data of the soil received from the transceiver 29 via the communication unit 26.
  • the fertilizing amount and irrigation amount by the irrigation device 22 are determined.
  • the fertilization amount regulation data and the irrigation amount regulation data stored in the regulation value DB 27 are referred to. That is, the irrigation amount / fertilization amount determination unit 28 compares the soil EC value data received from the transmitter / receiver 29 with the fertilizer amount regulation data, and applies fertilizer to the soil EC value data received from the transmitter / receiver 29.
  • the amount of fertilization prescribed in the amount regulation data is determined as the amount of fertilization by the irrigation device 22. Also, the moisture content data in the soil received from the transceiver 29 and the irrigation amount regulation data are compared, and the moisture content data in the soil received from the transceiver 29 is defined in the irrigation amount regulation data. The irrigation amount is determined as the irrigation amount by the irrigation device 22.
  • the determined fertilization amount and irrigation amount are transmitted to the transceiver 29 of the monitoring device 23 wirelessly or by wire via the communication unit 26.
  • the fertilization amount and irrigation amount received by the transceiver 29 are output to the control unit 25, and the control unit 25 uses a solenoid valve provided in the piping to the irrigation device 22 so as to obtain the input fertilization amount and irrigation amount.
  • the amount of liquid fertilizer mixed with the open amount and this pipe is adjusted.
  • the control unit 25 constitutes a fertilization amount and irrigation amount adjustment unit, and according to the fertilization amount and irrigation amount determined by the irrigation amount / fertilization amount determination unit 28, the fertilization amount and irrigation amount to the soil by the irrigation device 22, that is, Adjust the amount of fertilizer and irrigation for crops.
  • the control unit 25 may be provided in the server 24 so that the fertilizer application amount and the irrigation amount by the irrigation device 22 are directly controlled from the server 24.
  • the EC value of the soil is correctly measured by the EC sensor 1, and the EC value is measured with high sensitivity for various types of soil. It will be possible to fertilize and irrigate irrigation amounts for crops. For this reason, according to the field management system 21 configured to include the EC sensor 1 according to the above-described embodiment, it is possible to suppress variations in the quality and yield of agricultural products.
  • the EC sensor 1 according to the above embodiment can be applied to a multi-modal sensor capable of measuring temperature, pH (pH), EC value, etc., and contributes to enhancement of the sensor lineup required for advanced agriculture. I can do it.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un capteur EC permettant de mesurer une valeur d'EC correcte, même si la surface d'une électrode arbitraire est contaminée ou court-circuitée, et de mesurer des valeurs d'EC, avec une sensibilité élevée, pour divers types d'objets à mesurer. Au moyen d'une MCU (5), un circuit de mesure (3) calcule, en fonction d'une résistance électrique (R) mesurée par l'application d'une tension de mesure (V) entre des électrodes 41 à 49, des valeurs d'EC des objets à mesurer. La MCU (5) émet en sortie un signal de tension de courant alternatif en tant que tension de mesure (V). Ledit signal de tension de courant alternatif est appliqué à un circuit de division de tension configuré à partir d'un circuit série d'une résistance (R) et des électrodes 41 à 49 et est divisé en tension. Le signal divisé en tension (d) est amplifié par un amplificateur opérationnel (6), converti analogique à numérique par la MCU (5) et utilisé pour le calcul de la valeur d'EC. Des premiers commutateurs S11 à S19, par lesquels la tension de mesure (V) est appliquée par intermittence, sont situés à une extrémité, respectivement, des électrodes 41 à 49, et des deuxièmes commutateurs S21 à S29, par lesquels la connexion à la tension de mise à la terre est effectuée par intermittence, sont situés aux autres extrémités, respectivement. Chaque commutateur est connecté par intermittence et une pluralité de paires d'électrodes arbitraires sont sélectionnées par une commande de la MCU (5).
PCT/JP2017/041847 2016-12-12 2017-11-21 Capteur ec et système de gestion de champ correspondant WO2018110219A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201790000493.6U CN208766227U (zh) 2016-12-12 2017-11-21 Ec传感器以及使用了该ec传感器的农场管理系统
JP2018533853A JPWO2018110219A1 (ja) 2016-12-12 2017-11-21 Ｅｃセンサおよびそれを用いた圃場管理システム

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JP2016240311 2016-12-12
JP2016-240311 2016-12-12

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Cited By (3)

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JP2018179959A (ja) * 2017-04-20 2018-11-15 新日鐵住金株式会社 インピーダンス測定装置のプローブ及びインピーダンス測定装置
WO2020085250A1 (fr) * 2018-10-22 2020-04-30 国立大学法人静岡大学 Capteur d'évaluation des sols, système d'évaluation des sols, électrode pour capteur d'évaluation des sols, et dispositif pour obtenir une caractéristique d'impédance des sols
WO2023210119A1 (fr) * 2022-04-28 2023-11-02 株式会社村田製作所 Capteur de conductivité électrique et accessoire

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