WO2018103699A1 - 一种防尘控热装置及其方法 - Google Patents

一种防尘控热装置及其方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018103699A1
WO2018103699A1 PCT/CN2017/115018 CN2017115018W WO2018103699A1 WO 2018103699 A1 WO2018103699 A1 WO 2018103699A1 CN 2017115018 W CN2017115018 W CN 2017115018W WO 2018103699 A1 WO2018103699 A1 WO 2018103699A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dust
hydraulic cylinder
dust cover
cover
annular fan
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PCT/CN2017/115018
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨舜琦
杨勇
杨军
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广东技术师范学院
杨舜琦
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Application filed by 广东技术师范学院, 杨舜琦 filed Critical 广东技术师范学院
Publication of WO2018103699A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018103699A1/zh
Priority to US16/435,211 priority Critical patent/US10774856B2/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1485—Special measures for cooling or heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1428—Cylinders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1457—Piston rods
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
    • F15B15/1457—Piston rods
    • F15B15/1461—Piston rod sealings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/615—Filtering means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00—Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60—Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/62—Cooling or heating means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of dustproof heat control, in particular to a dustproof heat control device and a method thereof.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a device for dustproof and heat control of a hydraulic cylinder, which can provide a good dustproof and heat control effect on the hydraulic cylinder.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of applying dustproof heat control device for dustproof heat control.
  • the utility model relates to a device for controlling dustproof heat of a hydraulic cylinder, comprising a fixing sleeve, an annular fan mechanism, a sealing end cover and a dust cover; the fixing sleeve is set on a cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder, and the annular fan mechanism set On the fixing sleeve, the sealing end cover is disposed on the end of the cylinder tube, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder passes through the sealing end cover and the dust cover, and the dust cover is fixed on the piston rod, and the annular fan mechanism is dustproof
  • the cover and the hydraulic cylinder enclose an inner space, and the side wall of the dust cover is provided with an opening communicating with the inner space, and the filter is installed on the opening.
  • the device can provide good dustproof and heat control effect on the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the filter can ensure that the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is always located in the relatively closed inner space during the telescopic process, so as to avoid the contamination of the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic cylinder due to the movement of the piston rod and the contaminant in the external environment.
  • the annular fan mechanism includes an inner sleeve fixed on the fixing sleeve and an annular fan bracket fixed on the circumferential side surface of the inner sleeve, and the end surface of the annular fan bracket is provided with a plurality of fans uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction. groove. After the annular fan mechanism is mounted on the cylinder, the annular fan mechanism is activated, which can eliminate dust and impurities in the internal space and control the heat temperature change of the hydraulic cylinder working piece.
  • a screw hole can be arranged on the side wall of the inner sleeve, and the inner sleeve can be fixed on the fixing sleeve by screwing through the screw hole, and the structure is simple, the installation is reliable, and the installation and disassembly are partial.
  • a fan is installed on the fan slot, and a blind is mounted on the end surface of the fan.
  • the blinds function as a one-way circulation.
  • the circumferential outer wall of the annular fan bracket is provided with a plurality of guiding grooves uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction
  • the inner wall of the dust cover is provided with a plurality of guiding protrusions corresponding to the guiding grooves.
  • the fan is provided with a heater.
  • the heater is installed to allow the fan to blow hot air, so that the hydraulic cylinder using the dustproof heat control device can also work normally in a relatively low temperature environment.
  • the end surface of the sealed end cap is provided with a cylindrical protruding portion protruding toward the inside of the cylinder barrel, and the inner wall of the protruding portion is in contact with the piston rod.
  • the protrusion can further prevent leakage of hydraulic oil in the cylinder.
  • the apparatus further includes two buffer springs, one of which is disposed between the end of the cylinder and the end of the piston rod, and the other of which is disposed on the projection.
  • the buffer spring can act as a buffer.
  • the outer portion of the cylinder tube is provided with a through hole
  • the piston rod portion exposing the dust cover is provided with a through hole.
  • Other objects can be hooked between the cylinder and the piston rod to form a joint.
  • the cylindrical dust cover is divided into two halves, and the two half dust covers are connected by a hinge and a gasket.
  • the dust cover has the advantages of simple structure, reliable installation, disassembly and installation, and convenient use and maintenance.
  • a method for applying dustproof heat control device for dustproof heat control the annular fan mechanism is set on a working piece to be dustproof and heat controlled, the dust cover is covered outside the working piece, the annular fan mechanism, the dust cover and the working piece Enclosed into an internal space, when the work piece is working, the annular fan mechanism placed between the work piece and the dust cover works to discharge dust impurities in the internal space and control the temperature of the work piece.
  • the dust-proof and heat-control method not only can regulate the heat temperature of the working parts in the internal space, but also can play the role of dustproof.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the invention can play a good dustproof and heat control effect on the working piece (such as the hydraulic cylinder), prevent the hydraulic fluid (the fluid such as oil pressure, air pressure, water pressure, etc.) from being polluted by the external working environment or keep the working piece (such as the hydraulic cylinder).
  • the temperature is relatively stable, improving the reliability of the hydraulic cylinder, improving the working efficiency and working quality of the hydraulic cylinder, and prolonging the service life of the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple structure, reliable installation, convenient disassembly and assembly, and dustproof and heat control.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view of a dustproof heat control device of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 1C-C.
  • Figure 3 is a front elevational view of the annular fan mechanism with louvers drawn.
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 3A-A.
  • Figure 5 is a front elevational view of the annular fan mechanism with no louvers drawn.
  • Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 5B-B.
  • 1 is the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder
  • 2 is the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder
  • 3 is the fixed sleeve
  • 4 is the annular fan mechanism
  • 5 is the louver
  • 6 is the filter net
  • 7 is the sealing end cover
  • 8 is the dust cover
  • 9 is the buffer spring
  • 10 is the inner space
  • 11 is the protruding part on the sealing end cover
  • 12 is the inner sleeve
  • 13 is the annular fan bracket
  • 14 is the guiding groove
  • 15 is the screw hole
  • 16 is the fan slot
  • 17 is the inlet and outlet , 18 guide posts.
  • a device for dustproof heat control of a hydraulic cylinder includes a fixing sleeve, an annular fan mechanism, a sealed end cover, and a dust cover;
  • the hydraulic cylinder includes a cylinder barrel and a piston rod, and the piston rod is opposite
  • the cylinder tube is axially linear.
  • the fixing sleeve is set on the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder, and the annular fan mechanism is further set on the fixing sleeve.
  • the cylinder tube, the fixing sleeve and the annular fan mechanism are mutually fixed relationship.
  • the sealing end cover is disposed on the end of the cylinder tube, that is, the sealing end cover is disposed at the open end of the cylinder tube (the lower end of the cylinder tube in FIG.
  • the sealing end cover is used for sealing the cylinder tube to prevent hydraulic fluid in the cylinder tube ( Fluid such as oil pressure, air pressure, water pressure, etc.; the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder passes through the sealed end cap and the dust cover, and the good sealing between the piston rod and the sealed end cover should be ensured.
  • the dust cover is fixed to the piston rod and moves with the piston rod.
  • the annular fan mechanism, the dust cover and the hydraulic cylinder enclose an inner space, and the outer wall of the annular fan mechanism is in contact with the inner wall of the dust cover, the annular fan mechanism, the majority of the cylinder, and the seal
  • the end cover is located in the inner space, and one end of the dust cover (the upper end in FIG.
  • the annular fan mechanism comprises an inner sleeve and an annular fan bracket, the inner sleeve is fixed on the fixing sleeve, the annular fan bracket is fixed on the circumferential side of the inner sleeve, and the end surface of the annular fan bracket is provided with a plurality of uniform distribution along the circumferential direction.
  • Fan slot A fan is installed in the fan slot, and the louver is mounted on the end surface of the fan (that is, the upper end of the fan in FIG. 2). As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the louver is not installed on the annular fan mechanism; after the annular fan mechanism is mounted on the cylinder, the annular fan mechanism is activated to eliminate dust impurities in the internal space and control the temperature change of the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the louver acts as a one-way circulation, and dust impurities in the internal space can be discharged to the unsealed end (open end) of the dust cover, and dust impurities cannot enter the internal space.
  • the number of fans is six.
  • the inner sleeve has a cylindrical shape, and the side wall of the inner sleeve is provided with a screw hole.
  • the inner sleeve can be fixed on the fixing sleeve by screws through the screw hole, and the structure is simple, easy to disassemble, install and maintain.
  • the circumferential outer wall of the annular fan bracket is provided with a plurality of guiding grooves uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction
  • the inner wall of the dust cover is provided with a plurality of guiding protrusions corresponding to the guiding grooves, and the guiding protrusions are half Cylindrical.
  • the guiding groove is semi-circular, and the guiding protrusion is embedded in the guiding groove, so that the dust cover can only move axially with the piston rod, and the dust cover cannot rotate.
  • the end surface of the sealing end cover is provided with a cylindrical protruding portion protruding toward the inside of the cylinder barrel, and the inner wall of the protruding portion is in contact with the piston rod.
  • the piston rod passes through the sealing end cover from the protruding portion of the sealing end cover and then passes through the dust cover, and the protruding portion can further prevent leakage of hydraulic fluid (hydraulic pressure, air pressure, water pressure, etc.) in the cylinder barrel.
  • the device of the present invention is provided with two buffer springs, a buffer spring is disposed between the end portion of the cylinder barrel and the end of the piston rod, and the buffer spring can be fixed at the end of the piston rod (the upper end of the piston rod in Fig. 2) ), it can also be fixed on the end surface inside the cylinder (the top of the cylinder inside the figure 2); the other buffer spring is set on the protrusion.
  • the buffer spring acts as a cushioning protection against the rigid impact of the piston rod on the cylinder and the projection.
  • the outer end of the cylinder (the upper end of the cylinder in Fig. 2) is provided with a through hole, and the piston rod portion exposing the dust cover is provided with a through hole (the lower end of the piston rod in Fig. 2).
  • Other objects can be hooked to the cylinder and piston rod.
  • the upper and lower ends of the cylinder are provided with inlet and outlet, which can be used for the inflow and outflow of hydraulic fluid.
  • the dust cover is a cylindrical body whose upper end is open and whose lower end is sealed, and the dust cover is divided into two halves, and the two half dust covers are connected by a hinge and a gasket.
  • a dust cover has a simple structure and is convenient for disassembly, installation and maintenance.
  • the piston rod drives the dust cover to move in the axial direction, and the external airflow enters the inner space from the filter net, and the fan works to discharge the dust impurities in the inner space.
  • the temperature variation of the hydraulic cylinder can be controlled, and heat and dust impurities are discharged from the internal space to the open end of the dust cover.
  • the device of the invention mainly uses dustproof heat control, and can be used for dustproof heat control of the hydraulic cylinder, and can also perform dustproof heat control on other working parts.
  • a method for applying dustproof heat control device for dustproof heat control, the annular fan mechanism is set on a work piece to be dustproof and heat controlled, and according to actual needs, it is decided whether to set a fixing sleeve, the dust cover is covered outside the working piece, and the ring shape
  • the fan mechanism, the dust cover and the working piece enclose an internal space.
  • the annular fan mechanism placed between the working piece and the dust cover starts to work, and the dust and impurities in the internal space are discharged and the working piece is controlled. temperature.
  • the dust-proof and heat-control method can control the heat of the working piece in the inner space and at the same time play a dustproof role.
  • the utility model can also provide a heater at the fan to blow out the hot air, so that the hydraulic cylinder adopting the dustproof heat control device can also perform normal work in a relatively cold environment, thereby maintaining the temperature of the hydraulic cylinder at one. Within a reasonable range, it will not cause too much temperature difference and affect the performance of the hydraulic cylinder.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于液压缸防尘控热的装置及应用防尘控热装置进行防尘控热的方法，装置包括固定套（3）、环形风扇机构（4）、密封端盖（7）、防尘罩（8）；固定套（3）套装在液压缸的缸筒（1）外周壁上，环形风扇机构（4）套装在固定套（3）上，密封端盖（7）设置在缸筒（1）的端部上，液压缸的活塞杆（2）穿过密封端盖（7）和防尘罩（8），防尘罩（8）固定在活塞杆（2）上，环形风扇机构（4）、防尘罩（8）、液压缸围成一个内部空间，防尘罩（8）的侧壁上设有与内部空间相通的开口，开口上安装有过滤网（6）。该装置及方法能对轴向往复伸缩式液压缸起到良好的防尘控热效果。

Description

一种防尘控热装置及其方法 技术领域
本发明涉及防尘控热的技术领域，尤其涉及一种防尘控热装置及其方法。
背景技术
目前，在轴向往复式轴向移动液压缸(含油压缸、气压缸、水压缸等)的领域中，往往是不得不让液压缸的活塞杆裸露在粉尘、烟尘、雾、蒸汽以及气体、潮湿、酸碱、炎热、严寒等恶劣工作环境下，环境中的粉尘、烟尘、水汽、以及酸碱成分等随着液压缸的伸缩动作而进入液压缸的缸筒里，污染液压流体(油压、气压、水压等流体)，而且，在液压缸工作时，液压流体的温度会剧烈变化，会影响液压流体的物理化学性能(如粘度特性等)，这些综合作用会削弱液压缸的使用性能，影响液压缸的工作效率和工作质量，甚至造成液压缸动作故障。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的技术问题，本发明的目的是：提供一种用于液压缸防尘控热的装置，能对液压缸起到良好的防尘控热效果。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种应用防尘控热装置进行防尘控热的方法。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种用于液压缸防尘控热的装置，包括固定套、环形风扇机构、密封端盖、防尘罩；所述的固定套套装在液压缸的缸筒上，所述的环形风扇机构套装在固定套上，密封端盖设置在缸筒的端部上，液压缸的活塞杆穿过密封端盖和防尘罩，防尘罩固定在活塞杆上，所述的环形风扇机构、防尘罩、液压缸围成一个内部空间，防尘罩的侧壁上设有与内部空间相通的开口，该开口上安装有过滤网。该装置可对液压缸起到良好的防尘控热效果。过滤网能保证液压缸的活塞杆在伸缩过程中始终位于相对密闭的内部空间里，避免外部环境中的灰尘杂质等污染物随活塞杆的伸缩移动而进入到液压缸中污染液压流体媒介。
进一步的是：所述的环形风扇机构包括固定在固定套上的内套和固定在内套圆周侧面上的环形风扇支架，环形风扇支架的端面上设有多个沿着圆周方向均匀分布的风扇槽。将环形风扇机构安装在缸筒上后，环形风扇机构启动，即 可排除内部空间的灰尘杂质，控制液压缸工作件的热量温度变化。可在内套的侧壁上设置螺钉孔，用螺钉穿过螺钉孔，可将内套固定在固定套上，结构简单、安装可靠、偏于拆卸和安装。
进一步的是：风扇槽上安装风扇，风扇的端面上安装有百叶窗。百叶窗起到单向流通的作用。
进一步的是：所述环形风扇支架的圆周外壁上设有多个沿着圆周方向均匀分布的导向槽，所述防尘罩的内壁上设有多个与导向槽相适应的导向凸柱。防尘罩只能随着活塞杆进行轴向的直线运动，防尘罩不能转动。
进一步的是：所述的风扇上设有加热器。设置加热器可以让风扇吹出热风，使得采用这种防尘控热装置的液压缸也可以在较为低温的环境下正常工作。
进一步的是：所述的密封端盖的端面上设有呈圆筒状的突出部，该突出部朝着缸筒的内部突出，突出部的内壁与活塞杆相接触。突出部能进一步防止缸筒内的液压油泄露。
进一步的是：装置还包括两个缓冲弹簧，一个缓冲弹簧设置在缸筒内的端部和活塞杆的端部之间，另一个缓冲弹簧套装在突出部上。缓冲弹簧能起到缓冲作用。
进一步的是：缸筒外的端部设有通孔，露出防尘罩的活塞杆部分设有通孔。可用其他物件分别钩住缸筒和活塞杆，起到联结作用。
进一步的是：呈圆筒状的防尘罩分成两半，两半防尘罩通过铰链和密封垫连接在一起。这样的防尘罩结构简单，安装可靠、拆卸安装、使用维护都很方便。
一种应用防尘控热装置进行防尘控热的方法，环形风扇机构套装在待防尘控热的工作件上，防尘罩罩于工作件外，环形风扇机构、防尘罩、工作件围成一个内部空间，工作件作业时，置于工作件和防尘罩之间的环形风扇机构工作，将内部空间的灰尘杂质排出去并控制工作件的温度。这种防尘控热的方法，不仅可以对处于内部空间的工作件进行热量温度调控，同时可起到防尘的作用。
总的说来，本发明具有如下优点：
本发明可对工作件(如液压缸)起到很好的防尘控热效果，防止液压流体(油压、气压、水压等流体)被外界工作环境污染或者保持工作件(如液压缸) 的温度相对稳定，改善液压缸的可靠性，提高液压缸的工作效率和工作质量，延长液压缸的使用寿命。本发明结构简单、安装可靠、拆装方便、防尘控热的综合效果明显。
附图说明
图1是本发明防尘控热装置的主视图。
图2是图1C-C处的剖视图。
图3是环形风扇机构的主视图，绘制有百叶窗。
图4是图3A-A处的剖视图。
图5是环形风扇机构的主视图，没有绘制百叶窗。
图6是图5B-B处的剖视图。
其中，1为液压缸的缸筒，2为液压缸的活塞杆，3为固定套，4为环形风扇机构，5为百叶窗，6为过滤网，7为密封端盖，8为防尘罩，9为缓冲弹簧，10为内部空间，11为密封端盖上的突出部，12为内套，13为环形风扇支架，14为导向槽，15为螺钉孔，16为风扇槽，17为进出口，18导向凸柱。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图和具体实施方式来对本发明做进一步详细的说明。
结合图1至图4所示，一种用于液压缸防尘控热的装置，包括固定套、环形风扇机构、密封端盖、防尘罩；液压缸包括缸筒和活塞杆，活塞杆相对缸筒作轴向直线运动。所述的固定套套装在液压缸的缸筒外周壁上，环形风扇机构再套装在固定套上，缸筒、固定套、环形风扇机构是相互固定的关系。密封端盖设置在缸筒的端部上，即密封端盖设置在缸筒的开口端(图2中缸筒的下端)，密封端盖用于密封缸筒，防止缸筒内的液压流体(油压、气压、水压等流体)泄露；液压缸的活塞杆穿过密封端盖和防尘罩，应保证活塞杆和密封端盖之间良好的密封性。防尘罩固定在活塞杆上，并随活塞杆运动。如图2所示，所述的环形风扇机构、防尘罩、液压缸围成一个内部空间，环形风扇机构的外壁与防尘罩的内壁相接触，环形风扇机构、缸筒的大部分、密封端盖均位于该内部空间内，防尘罩的一端(图2中的上端)是不密封的，防尘罩的另一端(图2中的下端)是密封的，防尘罩的侧壁上设有与内部空间相通的开口，该开口上安装有过滤网。该内部空间上相对密闭的，并不是完全密闭的，过滤网可将进 入内部空间的气体和杂质进行过滤。
所述的环形风扇机构包括内套和环形风扇支架，内套固定在固定套上，环形风扇支架固定在内套的圆周侧面上，环形风扇支架的端面上设有多个沿着圆周方向均匀分布的风扇槽。风扇槽上安装风扇，风扇的端面上(即图2中风扇的上端)安装有百叶窗。如图5和图6所示，环形风扇机构上没有安装百叶窗；将环形风扇机构安装在缸筒上后，环形风扇机构启动，即可排除内部空间的灰尘杂质，控制液压缸的热量温度变化。百叶窗起到单向流通的作用，内部空间的灰尘杂质可以排向防尘罩的不密封的一端(开放端)，而灰尘杂质不能进入内部空间内。本发明中，风扇的数量有6个。
内套呈圆筒形，内套的侧壁上设有螺钉孔。用螺钉穿过螺钉孔，可将内套固定在固定套上，结构简单、便于拆卸、安装和维护。
所述环形风扇支架的圆周外壁上设有多个沿着圆周方向均匀分布的导向槽，所述防尘罩的内壁上设有多个与导向槽相适应的导向凸柱，导向凸柱呈半圆柱形。导向槽呈半圆形，导向凸柱嵌入导向槽内，则防尘罩只能随着活塞杆进行轴向的直线运动，防尘罩不能转动。本发明中，导向槽的数量有三个。
所述的密封端盖的端面上设有呈圆筒状的突出部，该突出部朝着缸筒的内部突出，突出部的内壁与活塞杆相接触。活塞杆从密封端盖的突出部穿过密封端盖，然后再穿过防尘罩，突出部能进一步防止缸筒内的液压流体(油压、气压、水压等流体)泄露。
本发明的装置设有两个缓冲弹簧，一个缓冲弹簧设置在缸筒内的端部和活塞杆的端部之间，该缓冲弹簧可固定在活塞杆的端部(图2中活塞杆的上端)上，也可固定在缸筒内部的端面上(图2中缸筒内部的顶端)；另一个缓冲弹簧套装在突出部上。缓冲弹簧能起到缓冲保护作用，防止活塞杆刚性地碰撞在缸筒和突出部上。
缸筒外的端部(图2中缸筒的上端)设有通孔，露出防尘罩的活塞杆部分设有通孔(图2中活塞杆的下端)。可用其他物件分别钩住缸筒和活塞杆。缸筒的上下两端均设有进出口，均可以用于液压流体的流入和流出。
如图2中，防尘罩是上端开放，下端密封的筒状体，防尘罩分成两半，两半防尘罩通过铰链和密封垫连接在一起。这样的防尘罩结构简单，拆卸安装和 维护都很方便。
使用该发明的装置时，当液压缸工作时，活塞杆带动防尘罩沿着轴向方向运动，外部的气流从过滤网进入内部空间内，风扇工作从而将内部空间的灰尘杂质排出去，也可以控制液压缸的热量温度变化幅度，热量和灰尘杂质从内部空间排向防尘罩的开放端。
本发明的装置主要用防尘控热，除可用于液压缸的防尘控热，也可以对其他工作件进行防尘控热。一种应用防尘控热装置进行防尘控热的方法，环形风扇机构套装在待防尘控热的工作件上，根据实际需要决定是否设置固定套，防尘罩罩于工作件外，环形风扇机构、防尘罩、工作件围成一个内部空间，工作件作业时，置于工作件和防尘罩之间的环形风扇机构启动工作，将内部空间的灰尘杂质排出去并控制工作件的温度。这种防尘控热的方法，可以对处于内部空间的工作件进行控热，同时起到防尘的作用。
本实用新型还可以在风扇处设置加热器，使风扇吹出热风，使得采用这种防尘控热装置的液压缸还可以在较为寒冷的环境中进行正常工作，从而使得液压缸的温度维持在一个合理的范围内，不会导致温差太大，影响液压缸的使用性能。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于液压缸防尘控热的装置，其特征在于：包括固定套、环形风扇机构、密封端盖、防尘罩；所述的固定套套装在液压缸的缸筒上，所述的环形风扇机构套装在固定套上，密封端盖设置在缸筒的端部上，液压缸的活塞杆穿过密封端盖和防尘罩，防尘罩固定在活塞杆上，所述的环形风扇机构、防尘罩、液压缸围成一个内部空间，防尘罩的侧壁上设有与内部空间相通的开口，该开口上安装有过滤网。
  2. 按照权利要求1所述的一种用于液压缸防尘控热的装置，其特征在于：所述的环形风扇机构包括固定在固定套上的内套和固定在内套圆周侧面上的环形风扇支架，环形风扇支架的端面上设有多个沿着圆周方向均匀分布的风扇槽。
  3. 按照权利要求2所述的一种用于液压缸防尘控热的装置，其特征在于：风扇槽上安装风扇，风扇的端面上安装有百叶窗。
  4. 按照权利要求2所述的一种用于液压缸防尘控热的装置，其特征在于：所述环形风扇支架的圆周外壁上设有多个沿着圆周方向均匀分布的导向槽，所述防尘罩的内壁上设有多个与导向槽相适应的导向凸柱。
  5. 按照权利要求3所述的一种用于液压缸防尘控热的装置，其特征在于：所述的风扇上设有加热器。
  6. 按照权利要求1所述的一种用于液压缸防尘控热的装置，其特征在于：所述的密封端盖的端面上设有呈圆筒状的突出部，该突出部朝着缸筒的内部突出，突出部的内壁与活塞杆相接触。
  7. 按照权利要求6所述的一种用于液压缸防尘控热的装置，其特征在于：装置还包括两个缓冲弹簧，一个缓冲弹簧设置在缸筒内的端部和活塞杆的端部之间，另一个缓冲弹簧套装在突出部上。
  8. 按照权利要求1所述的一种用于液压缸防尘控热的装置，其特征在于：缸筒外的端部设有通孔，露出防尘罩的活塞杆部分设有通孔。
  9. 按照权利要求1所述的一种用于液压缸防尘控热的装置，其特征在于：呈圆筒状的防尘罩分成两半，两半防尘罩通过铰链和密封垫连接在一起。
  10. 一种应用防尘控热装置进行防尘控热的方法，其特征在于：环形风扇机构套装在待防尘控热的工作件上，防尘罩罩于工作件外，环形风扇机构、防尘罩、工作件围成一个内部空间，工作件作业时，置于工作件和防尘罩之间的环形风 扇机构工作，将内部空间的灰尘杂质排出去并控制工作件的温度。
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