WO2018095479A1 - Cliquet comprenant un corps et destiné à un frein de stationnement - Google Patents

Cliquet comprenant un corps et destiné à un frein de stationnement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018095479A1
WO2018095479A1 PCT/DE2017/100991 DE2017100991W WO2018095479A1 WO 2018095479 A1 WO2018095479 A1 WO 2018095479A1 DE 2017100991 W DE2017100991 W DE 2017100991W WO 2018095479 A1 WO2018095479 A1 WO 2018095479A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pawl
pawls
individual
individual pawls
bearing eye
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2017/100991
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jochen LÖFFELMANN
Markus Rost
Klaus Krämer
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG
Publication of WO2018095479A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018095479A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/34—Locking or disabling mechanisms
    • F16H63/3416—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission
    • F16H63/3425—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission characterised by pawls or wheels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pawl with a pawl body for a parking brake, which has a bearing eye, via which the pawl is mounted and rotatable about an axis, a pawl tooth for engagement in a locking toothing and a lever arm, via which the pawl tooth is spaced from the bearing eye has ,
  • Parking locks are used, for example, in stationary machines for locking gears, ratchet free runs, backstops or in transmissions of motor vehicles.
  • parking locks serve to protect against unintentional rolling away of the vehicle in the event of a vehicle standstill or when the engine is stopped.
  • the parking brake can be activated by the driver or indirectly via electrical aids. As a rule, it then positively blocks the transmission output shaft.
  • DE 1 043 829 A1 discloses a parking brake with a pivotable against a restoring pawl is provided, which can intervene by means of a pawl tooth in an externally circumferentially arranged on a parking lock gear ratchet teeth form-fitting manner. Is the positive connection made, prevents the non-rotatably mounted on the transmission output shaft parking lock gear their movement and thus the movement of the vehicle.
  • the actuation of the pawl is effected by a linearly displaceable actuating unit, which has a frame-like shape as a carriage, wherein a selector lever acts on longitudinal side walls of the frame-like linkage.
  • the operating unit has two rollers mounted together, via which it acts on the pawl.
  • the pawl must be able to safely hold the pawl wheel even at low vehicle speeds up to about 5 km / h and on uneven track with up to 30 ° incline and engage and disengage.
  • forces occur as a function of the vehicle weight up to the two-digit kN range.
  • the actuator adjusting actuators must be relatively powerful.
  • the pawl is a highly loaded especially in the region of its outer contour component. As a safety-relevant component, it must securely lock even at high forces. For large vehicles or with unfavorable translations to the parking lock gear they must be made very stiff and solid to withstand the high loads. Pawls are therefore usually forged and reworked on their functional surfaces. The pawls are therefore made relatively solid, which in turn requires high biases of the pawl actuated spring. Due to the high mass is a locking system with such a pawl relatively sluggish. From sheet metal, a pawl can not punch, because the required sheet thickness is due to the forces to be supported outside of the punchability.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a pawl, which has a low weight, is easy to manufacture and allows an optimized meshing. Summary of the invention
  • the object is achieved by a pawl according to claim 1.
  • the pawl according to the invention makes it possible to dispense with a resource-consuming forging. Furthermore, the reworking effort can be reduced or eliminated if the function can be represented by the different shape of the individual pawls.
  • the pawl of sheet metal pawls as individual parts.
  • the tooth shape Due to the different possible design of the locking lever engagement, the tooth shape, it is possible to influence the rigidity of the pawl.
  • the inner locking lever has a slightly thicker tooth than the two outer. Even with asymmetrical force intervention can be achieved by an asymmetric tooth shape better uniform distribution of force. The asymmetrical tooth shape can be realized particularly easily due to the single pawls.
  • all single pawls are made of the same material. Deviating from this, different material combinations are conceivable. As a result, the mass of the pawl can be reduced with similarly transferable maximum force.
  • the pawl of three single pawls. Depending on how high the forces to be supported, two, four or a different number of individual pawls are conceivable. Due to the lower material thicknesses of the single pawls, the necessary geometries can be produced by punching technology. The pawl geometries are preferably chosen so that costly machining rework is ideally not required.
  • pawls are always subjected to a heat treatment such as case hardening.
  • a heat treatment such as case hardening.
  • the following manufacturing options are preferably provided:
  • the single pawls are first hardened and then connected to each other, for example, riveted.
  • the throughput is particularly high in this variant.
  • a connection, such as riveting, of the individual parts takes place, and then the individual pawls connected to a pawl - possibly as part of a further assembly - are hardened. In the final distortion control then only a part needs to be checked, which reduces the effort.
  • the pawl has functional surfaces that interact with minor components. These are, for example, the ratchet tooth, the bearing eye or a support surface for a biasing unit. These functional surfaces can be processed either before or after curing.
  • An embodiment of the invention provides that the pawl has a bearing eye with the pivot point of the pawl as the center of the bearing eye.
  • the mass of the pawl can be optimized if the ratchet tooth and the bearing eye are as far apart as possible.
  • the mass can be further optimized with simultaneously high force support if the front and rear side profiles are spaced from the bearing eye such that their distances correspond approximately to the bearing suction radius.
  • the pawl is preferably made of through hardened steel. Alternatively, it is made of tempered steel and at least partially induction hardened. Preferably, the production is done by fine blanking.
  • the pawl may have on its opposite side on the lever arm a system for a remindstellarret réelle.
  • the reset detent biases the pawl to a housing.
  • the remindstellarret réelle can take over the reset function for unlocking the pawl when it is no longer burdened by the operating unit. Alternatively or additionally, it ensures that the pawl locked in a desired position or remains. Unwanted noise and wear are avoided.
  • the support surface is arranged so that the bearing eye between the ratchet tooth and the support surface is arranged.
  • the pawl according to the invention is particularly suitable for parking locks of vehicle transmissions. Despite its reduced mass, it has high strength.
  • the pawl on a latch body which is constructed of at least three mutually axially offset single pawls.
  • the middle or middle single pawls can be constructed of a light material. A profiling of all or individual single latches is possible, but not required. Thus, the individual individual pawls can be punched for example in a simple manner.
  • Such a constructed latch body has a particularly high rigidity, so that even lighter materials, but which have a lower inherent rigidity, come into question for the pawl production. Furthermore, the latch body can be optimized in terms of its mass, if the individual single pawls do not have the same shapes among each other, but single, for example, shortened single pawls amplify only particularly heavily loaded areas.
  • a strength of the pawl reinforcing structure is achieved by the individual pawls of the pawl according to the invention are joined together in a plane transverse to the longitudinal axis of the shift rod separating plane. The side surfaces of the individual pawls are supported on each other and form a large contact surface.
  • the individual individual pawls can also have complementarily shaped beads, grooves or points through which the individual individual pawls are centered or centerable.
  • one or more individual pawls can be provided with a collar.
  • Such collars also allow easier connection to the actuator and direct the forces safely into the jack body.
  • the collar is aligned in the direction of a longitudinal axis of the shift rod. It encloses except for the fork-shaped receptacle, the entire pawl on the outside.
  • the strength of the pawl improving circumferential collar allows the use of thin-walled sheet metal as a starting material for
  • the pawl according to the invention thus has the required high rigidity and low weight.
  • the single pawls can be made in different ways.
  • the outer pawls can be deep-drawn, while it is the one or more internal pawls punched or injection molded parts.
  • the individual pawls have securing elements by means of which they are held together in a form-fitting manner.
  • the securing elements are for this purpose axially out of the plane of the respective single pawl and can, for example, embrace another single pawl or snorkel on this.
  • the individual pawls can be materially connected. For this they can be glued, soldered or welded, for example. One Pressing, caulking, flanging or other non-positive connections may be provided alternatively or additionally.
  • the single pawls are formed of different materials.
  • an arrangement is advantageous in which one or more central single pawls is formed of a lightweight material which serves to space the two outer pawls apart to increase the flexural rigidity of the system.
  • According to the invention can be realized by the sandwich-like structure of the pawl body undercuts that are not cold forming technically in a single pawl and in machining reshaping expensive to produce.
  • the individual pawls can all have the same material thickness, but they are usually of different, adapted to their function thickness. This ensures that, for example, the inner single pawl is thick enough to form a stop for a detent alone, the adjacent individual pawls do not have to have, so that the mass is reduced. If the inner single pawl is thick enough to form a stop for a detent alone, the adjacent individual pawls do not have to have, so that the mass is reduced. If the inner single pawl is thick enough to form a stop for a detent alone, the adjacent individual pawls do not have to have, so that the mass is reduced. If the inner
  • the outer single pawls can be made of relatively thin sheet metal and formed the one or more inner single pawls of a lightweight material.
  • the individual pawls have different geometries in one embodiment.
  • the inner single pawls can be shortened compared to the outer ones.
  • the basic body consists of exactly three
  • the radially inwardly pointing contour of the individual pawls is deviating from the contour pointing outwards, in this way that the individual slices thickness widened.
  • the individual pawls can have recesses that optimize the mass of the individual pawls, wherein the load capacity of the individual pawl changes only insignificantly.
  • the recesses of the individual latches do not have to match directly, but may differ in shape, size and arrangement.
  • the recesses can take on additional functions, for example by forming the bearing eye, forming a long groove for a pin for captive protection of the entire pawl or form a receptacle for a connecting means that holds the individual pawls together.
  • the latch body is further stabilized when the individual pawls are pinned or held together by a socket. It can be one on her
  • Outer circumference having a ring paragraph socket form a stop for an outer single pawl.
  • the individual pawls are crimped together, welded or otherwise fixed, for example by a separate component.
  • the bushing is preferably arranged in the bearing eye and can additionally form a bearing shell.
  • the bearing shell can form the outer ring of a roller bearing.
  • the pawl on a recess which may also be formed as a through-hole into which engages an engagement means.
  • the engagement means such as a bolt, holds the pawl and secures it against being lost to the housing of a parking lock.
  • the derivation of the supporting force of the pawl which is generated by the locking torque and the pressure angle of the pawl tooth of the pawl with the teeth of the parking lock gear, preferably takes place via a roller package in the housing of a parking brake.
  • a roller package in the housing of a parking brake preferably two housing-side rollers for friction minimization needle-bearing. They form support rollers.
  • the third roller, which rolls on the pawl, is a full roller, which experiences its radial bearing through the two support rollers above it.
  • the rollers can be integrated in a locking slide, the locking slide has two elongated side parts, which are preferably made as sheet metal stampings. Both side parts are connected by two transverse parts frontally.
  • the cross members are preferably made as sheet metal stampings.
  • the side parts and the crosspieces can be riveted together.
  • the locking slide carries a drive tooth segment and guide rollers.
  • the guide rollers are positioned so that they are in the optimum power flow to the drive pinion.
  • the locking slide further includes a compression spring which is guided on the drive tooth segment. It also picks up the axes of the support rollers and guides them axially.
  • the locking slide can optionally be equipped with end stops. The end stops can be used to teach the system, for example, in the event that an electromotive drive is carried out.
  • the pawl according to the invention can be installed as a parking brake in various types of transmissions.
  • it is suitable for motor vehicles with manual transmissions, with automatic or automatic transmissions or for transmissions of electric vehicles.
  • FIG. 1 a shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a pawl according to the invention
  • Figure 5 shows a pawl according to the invention in a parking lock in
  • parking brake 1 In the figures 4 to 5 parking brake 1 are shown, with only the essential functional parts are shown. Covers and attachment components of the arrangement have been omitted for reasons of clarity.
  • the features relevant to the invention are described below, which are based on a basic construction concept of a parking brake, as explained in detail in the above-mentioned DE 10 2010 053 857 A1 and DE 10 201 1080 498 A1 of the Applicant. In this respect, express reference is expressly made to these known solutions in order to avoid repetitions regarding the basic operating principle of a parking brake.
  • the parking brake 1 comprises a locking toothing 2, which has a number of recesses 3 at its periphery.
  • Another central component of the parking brake 1 is a pawl 4 which is pivotally mounted about a rotation axis a.
  • the pawl 4 in a downward (in the direction of the ratchet teeth 2) directed position can be seen, in which a pawl tooth 5 of the pawl 4 engages in one of the recesses 3 of the ratchet teeth 2 and so locks the arrangement.
  • the transmission element 7 comprises a linearly movable locking slide 12, in which three rollers 13, 14 and 15 are mounted. The roller 13 can make contact with a ramp 17 (see FIG. 5) which is formed on the pawl 4. With linear movement of the locking slide 12, consequently, the pawl 4 is pivoted.
  • the transmission element 7 comprises a crank mechanism 8, with which a part 9 of the transmission element 7 can be moved linearly. Between the part 9 and the locking slide 12, a rod 16 is arranged, so that a linear movement of the part 9 transmits to the locking slide 12.
  • the rod 16 is surrounded by a compression spring 20 which biases the pawl 4 and holds in the locked position.
  • the crank mechanism 8 has a crank 10 and a connecting rod 1 1, which are hinged together.
  • the crank 10 is rotatably connected to the actuator 6.
  • the connecting rod 1 1 is pivotally connected to the part 9.
  • the roller 13 rolls on the pawl 4, while the rollers 14, 15 roll on the reinforcement 27.
  • the reinforcement 27 is formed as a flat, hardened steel sheet and contacts the back of the housing 21 of the parking brake. 1
  • the two housing-side rollers 14, 15 are needle-mounted to minimize friction and form support rollers.
  • the third roller 13, which rolls on the pawl, is a full roll.
  • the rollers are integrated in a locking slide 12.
  • the locking slide 12 has two elongated side parts, which are preferably produced as sheet metal stampings. Both side parts are connected by two transverse parts frontally.
  • the cross members are preferably made as sheet metal stampings. The side parts and the crosspieces can be riveted together.
  • the locking slide 12 carries a Antrieb leopardsegmerit and guide rollers.
  • the guide rollers are placed so that they are in the optimal power flow to the drive pinion of the actuator 6.
  • the locking slide 12 also has the compression spring 20 which is guided on the drive tooth segment. He also takes the axes of the support rollers 14, 15 and performs this axially.
  • the pawl 4 has a pawl recess 29 into which engages with an engagement means.
  • the pawl recess 29 is formed as a slot, and the engagement means is formed as a bolt.
  • the parking lock 1 has a housing 21 in which the engagement means is arranged stationary.
  • the engagement means and the pawl recess 29 form a captive.
  • the pawl 4 is actuated via a roller 13, 14, 15, wherein the pawl 4 is biased by a biasing means against the roller 13, 14, 15.
  • the biasing means is formed as a detent 31.
  • the lock 31 is disposed in the housing 21 of the parking brake 1 and biased by a ball 32 against the pawl 4.
  • the lock 31 is arranged with respect to the pivot point on the side facing away from the pawl 4 of the roller 13.
  • the single pawls 34, 35, 36 are formed from a thin-walled steel sheet without cutting. Due to this "sandwich structure" the pawl 4 is very torsionally rigid and resistant to bending.
  • Figures 1a and 1b has a pawl 4 with single pawls 34, 35, 36 of three identical sheets.
  • An advantage of this design is that the same-like sheets have only very small tolerance differences.
  • Figures 2a and 2b shows single pawls 34, 35 of two different sheets.
  • the total weight of the pawl body 33 is lower, and the contact surfaces are optimized and only as wide as necessary.
  • the sheets are riveted.
  • a stamped package, welding, caulking, crimping or pressing is possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un cliquet (4) comprenant un corps (33) et destiné à un frein de stationnement (1), qui comporte un œillet de palier (38) par l'intermédiaire duquel le cliquet (4) peut être monté et effectuer une rotation autour d'un axe (a), une dent de cliquet (5) destinée à venir en prise dans une denture de blocage (3), un bras de levier (37) par l'intermédiaire duquel la dent de cliquet (5) est espacée de l'œillet de palier (38), le corps (33) de du cliquet étant produit à partir de plusieurs cliquets (34, 35, 36) fabriqués individuellement et reliés les uns aux autres, qui sont disposés l'un derrière l'autre dans la direction de l'axe (a).
PCT/DE2017/100991 2016-11-25 2017-11-20 Cliquet comprenant un corps et destiné à un frein de stationnement WO2018095479A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016223461 2016-11-25
DE102016223461.7 2016-11-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018095479A1 true WO2018095479A1 (fr) 2018-05-31

Family

ID=60574335

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PCT/DE2017/100991 WO2018095479A1 (fr) 2016-11-25 2017-11-20 Cliquet comprenant un corps et destiné à un frein de stationnement

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DE (1) DE102017127214A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018095479A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019134517A1 (de) * 2019-12-16 2021-06-17 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Sperrklinke für eine Parksperre
EP4071007B1 (fr) 2021-04-09 2023-06-14 IMS Gear SE & Co. KGaA Actuateur de blocage, organe de frein doté d'un tel actuateur de blocage et frein de service et/ou de stationnement

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1043829B (de) 1956-08-02 1958-11-13 Gen Motors Corp Parksperre fuer Kraftfahrzeuge
DE102010053857A1 (de) 2010-12-08 2012-06-14 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Parksperre
US20120325615A1 (en) * 2009-12-30 2012-12-27 Borgwarner Inc. Stamped laminated stacks for parking pawl, parking gear and parking anchor
DE102011080498A1 (de) 2011-08-05 2013-02-07 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Parksperre
US20150160684A1 (en) * 2013-12-06 2015-06-11 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Vehicle and a locking assembly for the vehicle

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1043829B (de) 1956-08-02 1958-11-13 Gen Motors Corp Parksperre fuer Kraftfahrzeuge
US20120325615A1 (en) * 2009-12-30 2012-12-27 Borgwarner Inc. Stamped laminated stacks for parking pawl, parking gear and parking anchor
DE102010053857A1 (de) 2010-12-08 2012-06-14 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Parksperre
DE102011080498A1 (de) 2011-08-05 2013-02-07 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Parksperre
US20150160684A1 (en) * 2013-12-06 2015-06-11 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Vehicle and a locking assembly for the vehicle

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Publication number Publication date
DE102017127214A1 (de) 2018-05-30

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