WO2018090064A1 - Procédé de stratification - Google Patents

Procédé de stratification Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018090064A1
WO2018090064A1 PCT/ZA2017/050083 ZA2017050083W WO2018090064A1 WO 2018090064 A1 WO2018090064 A1 WO 2018090064A1 ZA 2017050083 W ZA2017050083 W ZA 2017050083W WO 2018090064 A1 WO2018090064 A1 WO 2018090064A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
timber
pressure
vessel
pressure vessel
laminated
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/ZA2017/050083
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stuart PRIOR
Scott SARGENT
Original Assignee
Rhino Modified Wood (Pty) Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rhino Modified Wood (Pty) Ltd filed Critical Rhino Modified Wood (Pty) Ltd
Publication of WO2018090064A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018090064A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
    • B27M3/0013—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles
    • B27M3/006—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by oblong elements connected both laterally and at their ends
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27H—BENDING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COOPERAGE; MAKING WHEELS FROM WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
    • B27H1/00—Bending wood stock, e.g. boards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/0085—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0207—Pretreatment of wood before impregnation
    • B27K3/0214—Drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B27K3/0278—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation
    • B27K3/0285—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation for improving the penetration of the impregnating fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/001—Heating

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to timber modification and more particularly to the enhancement of timber properties and applications through appropriate treatment and lamination.
  • softwood timbers can be readily enhanced by means of gluing, joining and laminating because adhesives that are used to bond lamellae together can penetrate porous structures of the softwoods and form a bond that is satisfactory for long-term use.
  • laminated softwood timber is susceptible to rotting and eventual delamination as timber adjacent adhesive areas degrades.
  • a laminated product formed from hardwood is not necessarily superior to a laminated softwood product.
  • Hardwood timber has a high density and is relatively non-porous and, consequently, an adhesive is not readily able to penetrate into the timber and create a long- term bond.
  • a hardwood product may not decompose as rapidly as a softwood product, delamination may occur rather rapidly - a feature which makes a laminated hardwood product not particularly suitable for an outdoor application.
  • the invention provides a method of producing a laminated timber product which includes the steps of thermally modifying softwood timber, laminating together sections of the thermally modified timber and impregnating the resulting lamination with a suitable wax or wax blend.
  • the timber is thermally modified to improve the durability of the timber and to darken its colour. This step also facilitates the impregnation of cells in the timber, by the wax or wax blend, during the last step.
  • Thermo-treated softwood is used as the raw material input for the process.
  • This wood is procured in a suitable thickness e.g. 25mm or 38mm thick.
  • the raw material is cut into suitable widths according to required dimensions of an end product i.e. a finished laminated beam. If sufficient solid lengths are not available the relatively short lengths are finger-jointeo or butt-jointed to required lengths e.g. by using a suitable waterproof adhesive of type 1 according to EN 301 ( D4) to produce appropriate lamellae.
  • the lamellae are machined, according to requirement, to a thickness of not less than 16mm and not more than 50mm. Thereafter a suitable waterproof adhesive is applied by means of brush, a roller or an automated glue spreading machine, with a dosing of between 00-200g/m 2 to the surface of each lamella which is to be adhered to another lamella.
  • a suitable waterproof adhesive is applied by means of brush, a roller or an automated glue spreading machine, with a dosing of between 00-200g/m 2 to the surface of each lamella which is to be adhered to another lamella.
  • the growth rings of adjacent individual lamellae should face in opposite directions to add to the stability of the finished product. If butt or finger joints are present it is important to stagger the joints when stacking the lamellae in the gluing press.
  • the lamellae are then pressed together by means of a manual or automated hydraulic laminating press with a pressure of not less than 0.6N/mm 2 .
  • the lamellae, under pressure, are held in the hydraulic press for a drying time period specified by the manufacturer of the adhesive which has been used.
  • the drying time can be affected though by seasonal temperature and humidity variations.
  • the timber, once laminated, may be subjected to a high-pressure vacuum impregnation process using a high-melting point synthetic or natural wax.
  • This process may include the following sequence of operations:
  • the pressure in the pressure vessel is raised to a value in the range of 7 to 12 bar for a predetermined time period; and (b) the pressure in the pressure vessel is reduced to atmospheric level and an interior of the pressure vessel is then exposed to atmosphere to allow moisture inside the vessel to escape to atmosphere.
  • the number of cycles employed to impregnate the timber with the protective composition may depend, at least, on the dimensions of the laminated timber.
  • the protective composition in the pressure vessel may be drained to a level below the lowest level of the laminated timber and, thereafter, the vessel may be sealed. A reduced pressure environment may then be established inside the vessel for a period of from 2 to 5 minutes in order to draw excess protective composition from the timber.
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram representation of successive steps in implementing the method of the invention
  • Figures 2, 3 and 4 illustrate details of equipment used and processes implemented while carrying out the method of the invention.
  • the method of the invention allows for the lamination of modified softwood, e.g. coniferous timber, which is subsequently treated so that an end product has properties similar to that exhibited by an unlaminated hardwood. This is achieved in three specific steps:
  • FIG. 1 illustrates in block diagram form three steps 10, 12 and 14 which are successively implemented.
  • the selected coniferous timber 20 is thermally modified to enhance its durability and to darken its colour. This step also facilitates impregnation of the cells, with wax, during the third step 14, as is hereinafter described.
  • Figure 2 shows a thermal treatment oven 22 into which the timber 20 is placed. High speed fans 24 are connected to the oven. A suitable control device 26 is used to regulate the temperature inside the oven 22, the operation of the fans 24, and to control a humidity source 28 which is coupled to the oven.
  • the fans 24 are designed to circulate heated air at a high speed throughout the oven 22. Temperature sensors (not shown) provide control signals to the controller 26 which functions to ensure that all locations inside the oven are subjected to the same degree of heat. As may be necessary steam and water are provided from the humidity source 28 to maintain a desired level of humidity in the oven 22 and to help with cooling, when required.
  • the timber 20 is placed in a stack which is fastened with straps to restrict timber movement during treatment.
  • the timber is dried at a temperature of from 100°C to 130°C for a period that is dependent on the timber dimensions.
  • the conditioning of the timber requires that the moisture content must be reduced to 5% or below and that the internal core temperature of the timber reaches a value of about 00°C.
  • the timber is subjected to a temperature of from 180°C to 230°C for a period which is also dependent on the timber dimensions. This elevated temperature may be maintained for a period of up to 180 minutes depending on the degree of shading to be imparted to the timber. The longer the timber is kept at an elevated temperature the darker the timber becomes.
  • the timber produced in the step 10 is planed (30), top and bottom, to a uniform and predetermined thickness.
  • a timber selection can be made depending on the grading and appearance needed of the end product.
  • Short lengths of timber can be joined together using a butt or finger-joint to produce lamellae of suitable lengths.
  • an adhesive 32 is spread by an applicator, e.g. a brush, a roller or an automated glue spreading machine, with a dosing of between 100 to 200 g/m 2 , onto opposed surfaces 34 of lamellae which are to be bonded together to achieve a product with a desired final dimension.
  • the adhesive-coated timber sections are then held in a manual or automated hydraulic laminating press 36 with a pressure of at least 0,6N/mm 2 for at least two hours to allow the adhesive to set.
  • the laminated timber produced in the step 12 is placed in a stack 42 inside a pressure vessel 44 which is sealed - see Figure 4.
  • a negative (reduced) pressure environment is established inside the vessel 44.
  • Steam coils 46 are used to increase the temperature inside the pressure vessel to about 100X. This temperature is high enough to vaporize most of the moisture remaining in the timber stack 42.
  • a sufficient quantity of a molten natural or synthetic wax or a wax compound 48 is introduced into the pressure vessel in order to cover the timber stack 42 completely.
  • the pressure vessel 44 is exposed to atmosphere initially so that excess water and vapour in the pressure vessel arising from the heated timber is driven off.
  • Use may be made of a synthetic resin which bonds with the timber acting as an adhesive to reduce blooming and leaching.
  • the molten wax compound in the pressure vessel 44 is drained to below the level of the stack 42.
  • the vessel is then sealed and a reduced pressure environment is established for a period of from 2 to 5 minutes. This process draws excess wax compound from the timber.
  • the product emerging from the pressure vessel 44, after cooling, can be shaped to a desired final form.
  • the thermally modified laminated softwood produced by the method of the invention, has, with respect to the softwood starting material 20, an increased density, improved strength and load-bearing capacity, and the appearance of a dark hardwood.
  • the laminated product has the bonding and strength characteristic of a softwood yet exhibits the durability of a hardwood.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de production d'un produit de bois stratifié par modification thermique de bois tendre (10), stratification conjointe de sections du bois modifié thermiquement (12), et imprégnation de la structure stratifiée résultante avec une cire ou un mélange de cire (14).
PCT/ZA2017/050083 2016-11-11 2017-11-10 Procédé de stratification WO2018090064A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA2016/07604 2016-11-11
ZA201607604 2016-11-11

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018090064A1 true WO2018090064A1 (fr) 2018-05-17

Family

ID=61168177

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/ZA2017/050083 WO2018090064A1 (fr) 2016-11-11 2017-11-10 Procédé de stratification

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2018090064A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110815480A (zh) * 2019-11-27 2020-02-21 浙江柏尔木业有限公司 一种应用于实木地板的注蜡工艺
CN111844304A (zh) * 2020-07-03 2020-10-30 山东开杰环保科技有限公司 一种竹木纤维木饰面板的表面处理方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6248402B1 (en) * 1996-10-29 2001-06-19 Now - New Option Wood Method for treating wood by impregnation
US20010026841A1 (en) * 1998-06-17 2001-10-04 Barnisin, Michael A. Method for pressure treating wood
WO2004091874A1 (fr) * 2003-04-17 2004-10-28 Roy Johannes Hofste Procede de production de structures en bois et element de construction renfermant de telles structures
WO2005007369A1 (fr) * 2003-07-14 2005-01-27 FRÖHNER, Jürgen Procede pour introduire de la cire dans du bois thermique
WO2005077626A1 (fr) * 2004-02-18 2005-08-25 Titan Wood Limited Procede d'impregnation
WO2015095900A2 (fr) * 2013-12-17 2015-06-25 Rhino Modified Wood (Pty) Limited Processus de traitement de bois d'œuvre

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6248402B1 (en) * 1996-10-29 2001-06-19 Now - New Option Wood Method for treating wood by impregnation
US20010026841A1 (en) * 1998-06-17 2001-10-04 Barnisin, Michael A. Method for pressure treating wood
WO2004091874A1 (fr) * 2003-04-17 2004-10-28 Roy Johannes Hofste Procede de production de structures en bois et element de construction renfermant de telles structures
WO2005007369A1 (fr) * 2003-07-14 2005-01-27 FRÖHNER, Jürgen Procede pour introduire de la cire dans du bois thermique
WO2005077626A1 (fr) * 2004-02-18 2005-08-25 Titan Wood Limited Procede d'impregnation
WO2015095900A2 (fr) * 2013-12-17 2015-06-25 Rhino Modified Wood (Pty) Limited Processus de traitement de bois d'œuvre

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110815480A (zh) * 2019-11-27 2020-02-21 浙江柏尔木业有限公司 一种应用于实木地板的注蜡工艺
CN111844304A (zh) * 2020-07-03 2020-10-30 山东开杰环保科技有限公司 一种竹木纤维木饰面板的表面处理方法

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