WO2018087306A1 - Optimised product-separating device - Google Patents

Optimised product-separating device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018087306A1
WO2018087306A1 PCT/EP2017/078919 EP2017078919W WO2018087306A1 WO 2018087306 A1 WO2018087306 A1 WO 2018087306A1 EP 2017078919 W EP2017078919 W EP 2017078919W WO 2018087306 A1 WO2018087306 A1 WO 2018087306A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
zone
endless belt
products
conveyor
drum
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2017/078919
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Angelo DA SILVA
Eric Chappard
Original Assignee
Alfyma Industrie
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alfyma Industrie filed Critical Alfyma Industrie
Priority to EP17794353.7A priority Critical patent/EP3538281A1/en
Publication of WO2018087306A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018087306A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/16—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts
    • B03C1/18—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carriers in the form of belts with magnets moving during operation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/23—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
    • B03C1/24—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields
    • B03C1/247—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields obtained by a rotating magnetic drum

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for separating products, especially waste.
  • the invention particularly relates to the field of sorting mixed solids of small particle size, generally passing a mesh up to 15x15 mm, such as mainly those from incineration (slag) or waste grinding (RBA , D3E, DIB, etc.).
  • fines are isolated to facilitate the treatment of the largest fractions of waste. These fines, although representing large volumes rich in ferrous and non-ferrous metals, are often buried, lack of profitability of the treatment operation or simply lack of available technology.
  • the object of the invention is notably to propose a product treatment separator capable of effectively treating fines.
  • the subject of the invention is, in particular, a device for separating products, characterized in that it comprises:
  • a screen having a screening surface extending longitudinally along a screen length and transversely along a screen width
  • a conveyor comprising an endless belt wrapped around a first drum and a second drum, the endless belt having a width greater than or equal to the width of the screen, and the first and second drums being spaced apart from each other; a distance greater than the screen length, the endless band being arranged below and directly to the right of the screening surface, so that the screening surface is suitable for sprinkling products directly on the endless belt,
  • a first ballistic distribution flap arranged in front of the conveyor, delimiting a first zone and a second zone for receiving products according to their shapes and densities
  • a second magnetic distributor flap arranged below the conveyor, defining the second zone and a third product receiving zone according to their iron content.
  • the screening surface has dimensions smaller than those of the conveyor belt, and it is arranged above and directly to the right of this conveyor belt, so that it allows the conveyor belt to be sprinkled in a monolayer manner with the conveyor belt. fines passing through the screening surface.
  • the fines introduced in monolayer on the endless belt can effectively feed the magnetic and ballistic separator.
  • the separation device according to the invention is effective, has a good flow and is economical to use.
  • a separation device according to the invention may further comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or in any technically feasible combination:
  • the first and second flaps are adjustable in position and / or orientation.
  • the separation device comprises a third distribution flap defining the third receiving zone with the second flap, the third flap is preferably adjustable in position and / or orientation.
  • the conveyor is configured to move the endless belt with a speed between 1, 5 and 6 meters per second.
  • the separation device comprises means for purifying the fraction of products of the third zone comprising: a second conveyor comprising a second endless band, the third zone being carried by this second endless band, and comprising a front drum; and a rear drum between which is stretched the second endless belt, - a second magnetic rotor housed in the front drum, and - a fourth separating flap, arranged below the second convoyaur and separating a fourth conductive element receiving zone. a fifth pollutant receiving zone.
  • the invention also relates to a method for separating products by means of a separation device as defined above, characterized in that it comprises:
  • the method comprises the preliminary adjustment of the speed of the endless belt to ensure the sprinkling in monolayer of fine products on the endless belt.
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically, in profile, a separation device according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 schematically represents, in a sectional plane A-A of FIG. 1, a screen and a conveyor of the separation device of FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device S for separating products.
  • the separation device S comprises a screen 1 having an inlet 1a through which products to be treated are introduced, along the arrow P1, using any known continuous feed device, for example a belt conveyor without end or a vibrating trough.
  • the screen 1 also comprises a screening surface 1b, having a relatively fine screening mesh, of the type and dimensions selected according to the nature of the products to be treated.
  • the meshes are dimensioned to less than 15 mm, in particular 8 mm or 6 mm.
  • the screen 1 has an output 1c of a coarse grain size fraction (the non-passers of the selected mesh), this coarse grain size fraction being discharged along the arrow P2 in a manner known per se.
  • This coarse particle size fraction may optionally be further processed, including a ferrous and non-ferrous metal extraction treatment.
  • fine products passes through the screening surface 1b.
  • This screening surface has a screen length L1, visible in FIG. 1, and a screen width L2, visible in FIG. 2.
  • the separating device S further comprises a conveyor 2 comprising an endless belt 3.
  • the endless belt 3 is wrapped around a first drum 4 and a second drum 5, driving the endless belt 3 in a direction designated by the arrow P3.
  • the first drum 4 is a return drum arranged at the front of the conveyor 2 and the second drum 5 is arranged at the rear of the conveyor 2.
  • the endless belt 3 has a bandwidth L3 greater than or equal to the screen width L2, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • first 4 and second 5 drums are spaced a distance greater than the length of the screen L1.
  • the endless belt 3 is arranged below and directly to the right of the screening surface 1b, so that the screening surface is suitable for sprinkling fine products directly on the endless belt 3.
  • the Screening surface 1b extends integrally above the endless belt 3, and preferably parallel to it.
  • the fine products fall directly on the band 3 without encountering obstacles during their fall (especially without contact with the least baffle and / or wall), so that the sieve 1 can sprinkle the product on the endless belt 3 to obtain a uniformly distributed layer that tends towards the perfect monolayer.
  • the speed of the endless belt 3 is adjusted to ensure such a monolayer.
  • this speed is greater than 1 m / sec, especially between 1.5 m / sec and 6 m / sec.
  • the first drum 4 comprises a multipole magnetic rotor 4a.
  • This magnetic rotor 4a comprises a succession of magnets which are arranged in such a way that magnetic north poles and south magnetic poles alternate either radially or axially peripherally.
  • Such a magnetic rotor 4a known per se, will not be described in detail.
  • the first drum 4 also comprises a geared motor (not shown) driving the magnetic rotor 4a, and therefore the endless belt 3 at an adjustable speed.
  • the separating device S comprises a first ballistic distribution flap 8, arranged in front of the conveyor 2, delimiting a first zone A and a second zone B for receiving products according to their shapes and densities.
  • the speed setting will therefore take into account the ability of the product to adhere to the endless belt 3.
  • the conveyor 2 comprises a support ramp 6, on which the endless belt 3 slides in an upstream part of its forward path.
  • This support ramp 6 guides the endless belt and supports the weight of the mixture of heterogeneous materials during the passage thereof.
  • the support ramp 6 guides the endless belt 3 of the conveyor 2 and, in doing so, defines the shape of an upstream portion of the forward path of this endless belt 3.
  • This forward path of the endless belt 3 comprises a first section upstream of reception of the pass of the screen 1, facing the screening surface 1b, followed by a second section at which the material mixture starts at the speed of the endless belt 3, then a third sorting section at the magnetic rotor 4a.
  • the magnetic rotor 4a is at the sorting section, where a separation among the materials of the mixture takes place.
  • this separation is ballistic, but it is also magnetic thanks to the magnetic rotor 4a.
  • the separation device S comprises a second magnetic distributor flap 7, arranged below the conveyor 2, delimiting the second zone B and a third zone C for receiving products according to their iron content.
  • the mixture of heterogeneous materials comprises magnetically conductive elements but also non-conductive elements of the magnetic field.
  • these non-conductive elements may be of mineral origin mixed with water, ash and non-ferrous metals, in the case of crushed waste, they may be made of cardboard, plastic and / or ceramic for example.
  • the magnetic rotor 4a At the sorting section, the magnetic rotor 4a generates a rotating magnetic field, which passes through the endless belt 3 and sweeps over this band 3.
  • the material mixture is subjected to a magnetic field that attracts the conductive elements.
  • the deflection by the magnetic field takes place in the direction of the winding of the band 3 on the rotor 4.
  • the band 3 moves these elements away from the magnetic rotor so that they leave the influence of the magnetic field so that by gravity they fall into the third zone C.
  • this third zone C is limited by a third distribution flap 13.
  • the first 8, second 7 and third 13 flaps are advantageously adjustable in orientation and / or in position.
  • the elements of the mixture that are not conductive magnetic field will, with the speed of the band, be projected in the vacuum and will follow different paths. These trajectories depend on the density, the shape, the size of each element but also their ability to adhere to the band 3, due for example to the presence of water. From a certain speed of the band 3, with the aid of the first distribution flap 8, it is possible to find a trajectory that segments the remainder of the mixture, on one side into a mineral fraction mixed with almost all non-ferrous metals (first zone A), and on the other, a mixture of low density elements and / or water and or ultrafine particles (second zone B).
  • the separation device S comprises means 15 for purifying the product fraction of the third zone C.
  • These purification means 15 comprise a second conveyor 9 comprising an endless belt 14.
  • the third zone C is carried by this endless belt 14.
  • the endless belt 14 of the second conveyor 9 is stretched by two end drums opposite one another, namely a return drum 10 at the inlet and a magnetic rotor 11 which acts as a drum. return output.
  • the arrow P4 symbolizes the direction of progression of the endless belt conveyor 9 driven at least by the magnetic rotor 1 January.
  • the endless belt 14 conveys the mixture of the third zone C, rich in conductive elements of the magnetic field, in the sorting zone, at a multipolar magnetic rotor 11 similar to the magnetic rotor 4 of the conveyor 2.
  • a geared motor (not shown) drives the magnetic rotor 1 1, and therefore the endless belt 14 at an adjustable speed so that the mixture of the third zone C is distributed in monolayer on the strip 14.
  • the purification device 15 comprises a fourth separation flap 12, which isolates the conductive elements of the magnetic field (towards a fourth zone D) of the polluting elements (towards a fifth zone E).
  • the invention allows a supply of the sorting zone in monolayer, ensuring optimal efficiency of ballistic and magnetic separations.
  • the separation device S by combining screening, magnetic and ballistic separation operations, makes it possible to obtain three distinct fractions:
  • the method comprises:
  • the method comprises the prior adjustment of the speed of the endless belt 3 to ensure that the fine products are sprinkled with monolayer on the endless belt 3.
  • the process advantageously comprises the separation of the products of the third zone C, thanks to the purification device 15.

Abstract

The separating device (S) includes a screen (1) including a screening surface (1b) and a conveyor (2) comprising an endless belt (3) wound around first (4) and second (5) drums. The belt (3) is longer and wider than the screening surface (1b). The belt (3) is arranged below and directly in line with the screening surface (1b), the screening surface (1b) sprinkling products directly onto the belt (3). A multipolar magnetic rotor (4a) is arranged in the first drum (4). A first ballistic distribution flap (8) is arranged in front of the conveyor (2), defining a first area (A) and a second area (B) for receiving products. A second magnetic distribution flap (7) is arranged below the conveyor (2), defining the second area (B) and a third area (C) for receiving products.

Description

Dispositif optimisé de séparation de produits  Optimized product separation device
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de séparation de produits, notamment de déchets. The present invention relates to a device for separating products, especially waste.
L'invention concerne particulièrement le domaine du tri de matières solides mélangées de faible granulométrie, généralement le passant d'une maille jusqu'à 15x15 mm, telles que principalement celles provenant de l'incinération (les mâchefers) ou du broyage de déchets (RBA, D3E, DIB, etc .).  The invention particularly relates to the field of sorting mixed solids of small particle size, generally passing a mesh up to 15x15 mm, such as mainly those from incineration (slag) or waste grinding (RBA , D3E, DIB, etc.).
Habituellement, les petits éléments, également appelés « fines », sont isolés pour faciliter le traitement des plus grosses fractions de déchets. Ces fines, bien que représentant des volumes importants riches en métaux ferreux et non-ferreux, sont souvent enfouies, faute de rentabilité de l'opération de traitement ou tout simplement faute de technologie disponible.  Usually, the small elements, also called "fines", are isolated to facilitate the treatment of the largest fractions of waste. These fines, although representing large volumes rich in ferrous and non-ferrous metals, are often buried, lack of profitability of the treatment operation or simply lack of available technology.
L'invention a notamment pour but de proposer un séparateur de traitement de produits propre à traiter de manière efficace les fines.  The object of the invention is notably to propose a product treatment separator capable of effectively treating fines.
A cet effet, l'invention a notamment pour objet un dispositif de séparation de produits, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte :  For this purpose, the subject of the invention is, in particular, a device for separating products, characterized in that it comprises:
- un crible comportant une surface de criblage s'étendant longitudinalement le long d'une longueur de crible et transversalement le long d'une largeur de crible,  a screen having a screening surface extending longitudinally along a screen length and transversely along a screen width,
- un convoyeur comprenant une bande sans fin enroulée autour d'un premier tambour et d'un second tambour, la bande sans fin présentant une largeur de bande supérieure ou égale à la largeur de crible, et les premier et second tambours étant espacés d'une distance supérieure à la longueur de crible, la bande sans fin étant agencée en dessous et directement au droit de la surface de criblage, de sorte que la surface de criblage est propre à saupoudrer des produits directement sur la bande sans fin,  a conveyor comprising an endless belt wrapped around a first drum and a second drum, the endless belt having a width greater than or equal to the width of the screen, and the first and second drums being spaced apart from each other; a distance greater than the screen length, the endless band being arranged below and directly to the right of the screening surface, so that the screening surface is suitable for sprinkling products directly on the endless belt,
- un rotor magnétique multipolaire agencé dans le premier tambour d'entraînement de la bande sans fin,  a multipolar magnetic rotor arranged in the first drive drum of the endless belt,
- un premier volet répartiteur balistique, agencé en avant du convoyeur, délimitant une première zone et une seconde zone de réception de produits en fonction de leurs formes et densités,  a first ballistic distribution flap, arranged in front of the conveyor, delimiting a first zone and a second zone for receiving products according to their shapes and densities,
- un second volet répartiteur magnétique, agencé en dessous du convoyeur, délimitant la seconde zone et une troisième zone de réception de produits en fonction de leur teneur en fer. La surface de criblage présente des dimensions inférieures à celles de la bande de convoyage, et elle est agencée au-dessus et directement au droit de cette bande de convoyage, si bien qu'elle permet de saupoudrer de manière monocouche la bande de convoyage avec les fines passant au travers de la surface de criblage. - A second magnetic distributor flap, arranged below the conveyor, defining the second zone and a third product receiving zone according to their iron content. The screening surface has dimensions smaller than those of the conveyor belt, and it is arranged above and directly to the right of this conveyor belt, so that it allows the conveyor belt to be sprinkled in a monolayer manner with the conveyor belt. fines passing through the screening surface.
Les fines introduites en monocouche sur la bande sans fin peuvent alimenter de manière efficace le séparateur magnétique et balistique.  The fines introduced in monolayer on the endless belt can effectively feed the magnetic and ballistic separator.
Grâce à cette alimentation monocouche en fines, et au rassemblement de trois techniques de séparation (criblage, balistique et magnétique), le dispositif de séparation selon l'invention est efficace, présente un bon débit et est économique à l'usage.  Thanks to this monolayer food in fines, and the gathering of three separation techniques (screening, ballistics and magnetic), the separation device according to the invention is effective, has a good flow and is economical to use.
Un dispositif de séparation selon l'invention peut comporter en outre l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises seules ou selon toutes combinaisons techniquement envisageables :  A separation device according to the invention may further comprise one or more of the following characteristics, taken alone or in any technically feasible combination:
- Les premier et second volets sont réglables en position et/ou en orientation. - The first and second flaps are adjustable in position and / or orientation.
- Le dispositif de séparation comporte un troisième volet répartiteur délimitant la troisième zone de réception avec le second volet, le troisième volet étant de préférence réglable en position et/ou en orientation. - The separation device comprises a third distribution flap defining the third receiving zone with the second flap, the third flap is preferably adjustable in position and / or orientation.
- Le convoyeur est configuré pour déplacer la bande sans fin avec une vitesse comprise entre 1 ,5 et 6 mètres par seconde.  - The conveyor is configured to move the endless belt with a speed between 1, 5 and 6 meters per second.
- Le dispositif de séparation comporte des moyens d'épuration de la fraction de produits de la troisième zone comprenant :- un second convoyeur comportant une seconde bande sans fin, la troisième zone étant portée par cette seconde bande sans fin, et comportant un tambour avant et un tambour arrière entre lesquels est tendue la seconde bande sans fin, - un second rotor magnétique logé dans le tambour avant, et - un quatrième volet de séparation, agencé en dessous du second convoyaur et séparant une quatrième zone de réception d'élément conducteurs d'une cinquième zone de réception d'éléments polluants.  The separation device comprises means for purifying the fraction of products of the third zone comprising: a second conveyor comprising a second endless band, the third zone being carried by this second endless band, and comprising a front drum; and a rear drum between which is stretched the second endless belt, - a second magnetic rotor housed in the front drum, and - a fourth separating flap, arranged below the second convoyaur and separating a fourth conductive element receiving zone. a fifth pollutant receiving zone.
L'invention concerne également un procédé de séparation de produits au moyen d'un dispositif de séparation tel que défini précédemment, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte :  The invention also relates to a method for separating products by means of a separation device as defined above, characterized in that it comprises:
- l'introduction de produits à traiter dans le crible,  - the introduction of products to be treated in the screen,
- le saupoudrage en monocouche, sur la bande sans fin, de produits fins passant au travers de la surface de criblage,  - dusting in monolayer, on the endless belt, fine products passing through the screening surface,
- le convoyage des produits fins vers le rotor magnétique multipolaire, pour la séparation balistique et magnétique des produits fins. Avantageusement, le procédé comporte le réglage préalable de la vitesse de la bande sans fin pour assurer le saupoudrage en monocouche des produits fins sur la bande sans fin. - the conveying of fine products to the multipolar magnetic rotor, for the ballistic and magnetic separation of fine products. Advantageously, the method comprises the preliminary adjustment of the speed of the endless belt to ensure the sprinkling in monolayer of fine products on the endless belt.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple et faite en se référant aux figures annexées, parmi lesquelles :  The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and with reference to the appended figures, among which:
- la figure 1 représente schématiquement, de profil, un dispositif de séparation selon un exemple de mode de réalisation de l'invention ;  - Figure 1 shows schematically, in profile, a separation device according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention;
- la figure 2 représente schématiquement, dans un plan de coupe A-A de la figure 1 , un crible et un convoyeur du dispositif de séparation de la figure 1 .  FIG. 2 schematically represents, in a sectional plane A-A of FIG. 1, a screen and a conveyor of the separation device of FIG.
On a représenté, sur la figure 1 , un dispositif S de séparation de produits.  FIG. 1 shows a device S for separating products.
Le dispositif de séparation S comporte un crible 1 comportant une entrée 1 a à travers laquelle des produits à traiter sont introduits, suivant la flèche P1 , à l'aide de tout dispositif d'alimentation en continu connu, par exemple un convoyeur à bande sans fin ou une auge vibrante.  The separation device S comprises a screen 1 having an inlet 1a through which products to be treated are introduced, along the arrow P1, using any known continuous feed device, for example a belt conveyor without end or a vibrating trough.
Le crible 1 comporte également une surface de criblage 1 b, présentant une maille de criblage relativement fine, de type et de dimensions choisies en fonction de la nature des produits à traiter. Par exemple, les mailles sont dimensionnées à moins de 15 mm, notamment 8 mm ou 6 mm.  The screen 1 also comprises a screening surface 1b, having a relatively fine screening mesh, of the type and dimensions selected according to the nature of the products to be treated. For example, the meshes are dimensioned to less than 15 mm, in particular 8 mm or 6 mm.
De tels cribles 1 efficaces même pour le criblage de mâchefers humides, donc très colmatant, sont connus de l'état de la technique.  Such screens 1 effective even for the screening of wet slag, so very clogging, are known from the state of the art.
Le crible 1 comporte une sortie 1 c d'une fraction granulométrique grossière (les non-passants de la maille choisie), cette fraction granulométrique grossière étant évacuée suivant la flèche P2 de manière connue en soi. Cette fraction granulométrique grossière peut de manière optionnelle subir un autre traitement, notamment un traitement d'extraction des métaux ferreux et non-ferreux.  The screen 1 has an output 1c of a coarse grain size fraction (the non-passers of the selected mesh), this coarse grain size fraction being discharged along the arrow P2 in a manner known per se. This coarse particle size fraction may optionally be further processed, including a ferrous and non-ferrous metal extraction treatment.
La fraction granulométrique fine (dite « produits fins ») quant à elle passe au travers de la surface de criblage 1 b.  The fine granulometric fraction (called "fine products") passes through the screening surface 1b.
Cette surface de criblage présente une longueur de crible L1 , visible sur la figure 1 , et une largeur de crible L2, visible sur la figure 2.  This screening surface has a screen length L1, visible in FIG. 1, and a screen width L2, visible in FIG. 2.
Le dispositif de séparation S comporte par ailleurs un convoyeur 2, comprenant une bande sans fin 3.  The separating device S further comprises a conveyor 2 comprising an endless belt 3.
La bande sans fin 3 est enroulée autour d'un premier tambour 4 et d'un second tambour 5, entraînant la bande sans fin 3 dans une direction désignée par la flèche P3. Ainsi, le premier tambour 4 est un tambour de renvoi agencé à l'avant du convoyeur 2 et le second tambour 5 est agencé à l'arrière du convoyeur 2. La bande sans fin 3 présente une largeur de bande L3 supérieure ou égale à la largeur de crible L2, comme cela est représenté sur la figure 2. The endless belt 3 is wrapped around a first drum 4 and a second drum 5, driving the endless belt 3 in a direction designated by the arrow P3. Thus, the first drum 4 is a return drum arranged at the front of the conveyor 2 and the second drum 5 is arranged at the rear of the conveyor 2. The endless belt 3 has a bandwidth L3 greater than or equal to the screen width L2, as shown in FIG. 2.
Par ailleurs, les premier 4 et second 5 tambours sont espacés d'une distance supérieure à la longueur de crible L1 .  On the other hand, the first 4 and second 5 drums are spaced a distance greater than the length of the screen L1.
La bande sans fin 3 est agencée en dessous et directement au droit de la surface de criblage 1 b, de sorte que la surface de criblage est propre à saupoudrer des produits fins directement sur la bande sans fin 3. En d'autres termes, la surface de criblage 1 b s'étend intégralement au-dessus de la bande sans fin 3, et préférentiellement parallèlement à celle-ci.  The endless belt 3 is arranged below and directly to the right of the screening surface 1b, so that the screening surface is suitable for sprinkling fine products directly on the endless belt 3. In other words, the Screening surface 1b extends integrally above the endless belt 3, and preferably parallel to it.
Ainsi, les produits fins tombent directement sur la bande 3 sans rencontrer d'obstacle durant leur chute (notamment sans contact avec le moindre déflecteur et/ou paroi), si bien que le crible 1 permet de saupoudrer le produit sur la bande sans fin 3 afin d'obtenir une couche uniformément répartie qui tend vers la monocouche parfaite.  Thus, the fine products fall directly on the band 3 without encountering obstacles during their fall (especially without contact with the least baffle and / or wall), so that the sieve 1 can sprinkle the product on the endless belt 3 to obtain a uniformly distributed layer that tends towards the perfect monolayer.
La vitesse de la bande sans fin 3 est réglée afin d'assurer une telle monocouche. Par exemple, cette vitesse est supérieure 1 m/sec, notamment comprise entre 1 ,5 m/sec et 6 m/sec.  The speed of the endless belt 3 is adjusted to ensure such a monolayer. For example, this speed is greater than 1 m / sec, especially between 1.5 m / sec and 6 m / sec.
Le premier tambour 4 comporte un rotor magnétique multipolaire 4a. Ce rotor magnétique 4a comporte une succession d'aimants qui sont disposés de manière que des pôles magnétiques nord et des pôles magnétiques sud alternent soit radialement soit axialement de manière périphérique. Un tel rotor magnétique 4a, connu en soi, ne sera pas décrit en détail.  The first drum 4 comprises a multipole magnetic rotor 4a. This magnetic rotor 4a comprises a succession of magnets which are arranged in such a way that magnetic north poles and south magnetic poles alternate either radially or axially peripherally. Such a magnetic rotor 4a, known per se, will not be described in detail.
Le premier tambour 4 comporte également un motoréducteur (non représenté) entraînant le rotor magnétique 4a, et par conséquent la bande sans fin 3 à une vitesse ajustable.  The first drum 4 also comprises a geared motor (not shown) driving the magnetic rotor 4a, and therefore the endless belt 3 at an adjustable speed.
La vitesse de la bande sans fin 3 permet une séparation balistique des produits fins. A cet effet, le dispositif de séparation S comporte un premier volet répartiteur balistique 8, agencé en avant du convoyeur 2, délimitant une première zone A et une seconde zone B de réception de produits en fonction de leurs formes et densités.  The speed of the endless belt 3 allows a ballistic separation of fine products. For this purpose, the separating device S comprises a first ballistic distribution flap 8, arranged in front of the conveyor 2, delimiting a first zone A and a second zone B for receiving products according to their shapes and densities.
Plus la vitesse est importante et plus l'invention est capacitaire mais le tri balistique nécessite que l'intégralité des produits fins arrive à la même vitesse dans la zone de tri, c'est à dire au niveau du rotor magnétique 4a. Le réglage de la vitesse tiendra donc compte de la capacité du produit à adhérer sur la bande sans fin 3.  The higher the speed, the more capacious the invention is, but the ballistic sorting requires that all the fine products arrive at the same speed in the sorting zone, ie at the magnetic rotor 4a. The speed setting will therefore take into account the ability of the product to adhere to the endless belt 3.
Avantageusement, le convoyeur 2 comporte une rampe de support 6, sur laquelle la bande sans fin 3 glisse dans une partie amont de son cheminement aller. Cette rampe de support 6 guide la bande sans fin et prend en charge le poids du mélange de matériaux hétérogènes lors du passage de celui-ci. La rampe de support 6 guide la bande sans fin 3 du convoyeur 2 et, ce faisant, définit la forme d'une partie amont du cheminement aller de cette bande sans fin 3. Ce cheminement aller de la bande sans fin 3 comporte une première section amont de réception du passant du crible 1 , en regard de la surface de criblage 1 b, suivie d'une seconde section au niveau de laquelle le mélange de matériau se met à la vitesse de la bande sans fin 3, puis d'une troisième section de tri au niveau du rotor magnétique 4a. Advantageously, the conveyor 2 comprises a support ramp 6, on which the endless belt 3 slides in an upstream part of its forward path. This support ramp 6 guides the endless belt and supports the weight of the mixture of heterogeneous materials during the passage thereof. The support ramp 6 guides the endless belt 3 of the conveyor 2 and, in doing so, defines the shape of an upstream portion of the forward path of this endless belt 3. This forward path of the endless belt 3 comprises a first section upstream of reception of the pass of the screen 1, facing the screening surface 1b, followed by a second section at which the material mixture starts at the speed of the endless belt 3, then a third sorting section at the magnetic rotor 4a.
Le rotor magnétique 4a se trouve au niveau de la section de tri, où s'effectue une séparation parmi les matériaux du mélange.  The magnetic rotor 4a is at the sorting section, where a separation among the materials of the mixture takes place.
Comme indiqué précédemment, cette séparation est balistique, mais elle est également magnétique grâce au rotor magnétique 4a.  As indicated above, this separation is ballistic, but it is also magnetic thanks to the magnetic rotor 4a.
A cet effet, le dispositif de séparation S comporte un second volet répartiteur magnétique 7, agencé en dessous du convoyeur 2, délimitant la seconde zone B et une troisième zone C de réception de produits en fonction de leur teneur en fer.  For this purpose, the separation device S comprises a second magnetic distributor flap 7, arranged below the conveyor 2, delimiting the second zone B and a third zone C for receiving products according to their iron content.
Le mélange de matériaux hétérogènes comprend des éléments magnétiquement conducteurs mais aussi des éléments non conducteurs du champ magnétique. Dans le cas du mâchefer, ces éléments non conducteurs peuvent être d'origine minérale mélangés à de l'eau, des cendres et des métaux non-ferreux, dans le cas de déchets broyés, ils peuvent être en carton, plastique et/ou en céramique par exemple.  The mixture of heterogeneous materials comprises magnetically conductive elements but also non-conductive elements of the magnetic field. In the case of clinker, these non-conductive elements may be of mineral origin mixed with water, ash and non-ferrous metals, in the case of crushed waste, they may be made of cardboard, plastic and / or ceramic for example.
Au niveau de la section de tri, le rotor magnétique 4a génère un champ magnétique tournant, qui passe à travers la bande sans fin 3 et effectue un balayage au- dessus de cette bande 3.  At the sorting section, the magnetic rotor 4a generates a rotating magnetic field, which passes through the endless belt 3 and sweeps over this band 3.
Le mélange de matériau est soumis à un champ magnétique qui attire les éléments conducteurs. La déviation par le champ magnétique s'effectue dans le sens de l'enroulement de la bande 3 sur le rotor 4. Par adhérence, la bande 3 éloigne ces éléments du rotor magnétique pour qu'ils quittent l'influence du champ magnétique afin que par gravité ils tombent dans la troisième zone C.  The material mixture is subjected to a magnetic field that attracts the conductive elements. The deflection by the magnetic field takes place in the direction of the winding of the band 3 on the rotor 4. By adhesion, the band 3 moves these elements away from the magnetic rotor so that they leave the influence of the magnetic field so that by gravity they fall into the third zone C.
Avantageusement, cette troisième zone C est limitée par un troisième volet répartiteur 13.  Advantageously, this third zone C is limited by a third distribution flap 13.
Les premier 8, second 7 et troisième 13 volets sont avantageusement réglables, en orientation et/ou en position.  The first 8, second 7 and third 13 flaps are advantageously adjustable in orientation and / or in position.
Toujours au niveau de la section de tri, les éléments du mélange qui ne sont pas conducteurs du champ magnétique vont, avec la vitesse de la bande, être projetés dans le vide et vont suivre des trajectoires différentes. Ces trajectoires dépendent de la densité, de la forme, de la taille de chaque élément mais aussi de leur capacité à adhérer à la bande 3, due par exemple à la présence d'eau. A partir d'une certaine vitesse de la bande 3, à l'aide du premier volet répartiteur 8, on peut trouver une trajectoire qui segmente le reste du mélange, d'un côté en une fraction minérale mélangée à la quasi-totalité des métaux non-ferreux (première zone A), et de l'autre, un mélange d'éléments à faible densité et/ou d'eau et/ou de particules ultrafines (seconde zone B). Still at the sorting section, the elements of the mixture that are not conductive magnetic field will, with the speed of the band, be projected in the vacuum and will follow different paths. These trajectories depend on the density, the shape, the size of each element but also their ability to adhere to the band 3, due for example to the presence of water. From a certain speed of the band 3, with the aid of the first distribution flap 8, it is possible to find a trajectory that segments the remainder of the mixture, on one side into a mineral fraction mixed with almost all non-ferrous metals (first zone A), and on the other, a mixture of low density elements and / or water and or ultrafine particles (second zone B).
De manière optionnelle, le dispositif de séparation S comporte des moyens 15 d'épuration de la fraction de produits de la troisième zone C.  Optionally, the separation device S comprises means 15 for purifying the product fraction of the third zone C.
Ces moyens d'épuration 15 comportent un second convoyeur 9 comportant une bande sans fin 14. La troisième zone C est portée par cette bande sans fin 14.  These purification means 15 comprise a second conveyor 9 comprising an endless belt 14. The third zone C is carried by this endless belt 14.
La bande sans fin 14 du second convoyeur 9 est tendue par deux tambours d'extrémité à l'opposé l'un de l'autre, à savoir un tambour de renvoi 10 en entrée et un rotor magnétique 1 1 qui fait office de tambour de renvoi en sortie. La flèche P4 symbolise le sens de progression de la bande sans fin du convoyeur 9 entraînée au moins par le rotor magnétique 1 1 .  The endless belt 14 of the second conveyor 9 is stretched by two end drums opposite one another, namely a return drum 10 at the inlet and a magnetic rotor 11 which acts as a drum. return output. The arrow P4 symbolizes the direction of progression of the endless belt conveyor 9 driven at least by the magnetic rotor 1 January.
La bande sans fin 14 achemine le mélange de la troisième zone C, riche en éléments conducteurs du champ magnétique, dans la zone de tri, au niveau d'un rotor magnétique multipolaire 1 1 similaire au rotor magnétique 4 du convoyeur 2.  The endless belt 14 conveys the mixture of the third zone C, rich in conductive elements of the magnetic field, in the sorting zone, at a multipolar magnetic rotor 11 similar to the magnetic rotor 4 of the conveyor 2.
Un motoréducteur (non représenté) entraîne le rotor magnétique 1 1 , et par conséquent la bande sans fin 14 à une vitesse ajustable afin que le mélange de la troisième zone C soit réparti en monocouche sur la bande 14.  A geared motor (not shown) drives the magnetic rotor 1 1, and therefore the endless belt 14 at an adjustable speed so that the mixture of the third zone C is distributed in monolayer on the strip 14.
Le dispositif d'épuration 15 comporte un quatrième volet de séparation 12, qui isole les éléments conducteurs du champ magnétique (vers une quatrième zone D) des éléments polluants (vers une cinquième zone E).  The purification device 15 comprises a fourth separation flap 12, which isolates the conductive elements of the magnetic field (towards a fourth zone D) of the polluting elements (towards a fifth zone E).
On notera que l'invention permet une alimentation de la zone de tri en monocouche, assurant une efficacité optimale des séparations balistique et magnétique.  Note that the invention allows a supply of the sorting zone in monolayer, ensuring optimal efficiency of ballistic and magnetic separations.
Le dispositif de séparation S, en combinant des opérations de criblage, de séparation magnétique et balistique, permet d'obtenir trois fractions distinctes :  The separation device S, by combining screening, magnetic and ballistic separation operations, makes it possible to obtain three distinct fractions:
- un mixte composé essentiellement de verre et de cailloux mais aussi de la quasi- totalité des métaux non-ferreux présents dans le gisement, donc une configuration idéale pour une extraction optimisée par séparateur à courant de Foucault ;  - a mixture consisting mainly of glass and pebbles but also of almost all non-ferrous metals present in the deposit, so an ideal configuration for optimized extraction by eddy current separator;
- un concentrât valorisable des particules ferromagnétiques ; et  a recoverable concentrate of the ferromagnetic particles; and
- une fraction exempte de métaux qui concentre l'essentiel de l'eau et des cendres dans le cas du mâchefer et des particules ultrafines ainsi que des éléments légers dans le cas de déchets broyés.  - a metal-free fraction that concentrates most of the water and ash in the case of clinker and ultrafine particles as well as light elements in the case of crushed waste.
Cette séparation est effectuée au cours d'un procédé de séparation qui va maintenant être décrit.  This separation is carried out during a separation process which will now be described.
Le procédé comporte :  The method comprises:
- l'introduction de produits à traiter dans le crible 1 , - le saupoudrage en monocouche, sur la bande sans fin 3, de produits fins passant au travers de la surface de criblage 1 b, the introduction of products to be treated in the sieve 1, - dusting in monolayer, on the endless belt 3, fine products passing through the screening surface 1 b,
- le convoyage des produits fins vers le rotor magnétique multipolaire 4, pour la séparation balistique et magnétique des produits fins.  - Conveying fine products to the multipolar magnetic rotor 4, for the ballistic and magnetic separation of fine products.
Avantageusement, le procédé comporte le réglage préalable de la vitesse de la bande sans fin 3 pour assurer le saupoudrage en monocouche des produits fins sur la bande sans fin 3.  Advantageously, the method comprises the prior adjustment of the speed of the endless belt 3 to ensure that the fine products are sprinkled with monolayer on the endless belt 3.
Par ailleurs, le procédé comporte avantageusement la séparation des produits de la troisième zone C, grâce au dispositif d'épuration 15.  Moreover, the process advantageously comprises the separation of the products of the third zone C, thanks to the purification device 15.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1 . Dispositif (S) de séparation de produits, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte : 1. Device (S) for separating products, characterized in that it comprises:
- un crible (1 ) comportant une surface de criblage (1 b) s'étendant longitudinalement le long d'une longueur de crible (L1 ) et transversalement le long d'une largeur de crible (L2),  - a screen (1) having a sieving surface (1b) extending longitudinally along a screen length (L1) and transversely along a screen width (L2),
- un convoyeur (2) comprenant une bande sans fin (3) enroulée autour d'un premier tambour (4) et d'un second tambour (5), la bande sans fin (3) présentant une largeur de bande (L3) supérieure ou égale à la largeur de crible (L2), et les premier (4) et second (5) tambours étant espacés d'une distance supérieure à la longueur de crible (L1 ), la bande sans fin (3) étant agencée en dessous et directement au droit de la surface de criblage (1 b), de sorte que la surface de criblage (1 b) est propre à saupoudrer des produits directement sur la bande sans fin (3),  a conveyor (2) comprising an endless belt (3) wound around a first drum (4) and a second drum (5), the endless band (3) having a superior band width (L3) or equal to the screen width (L2), and the first (4) and second (5) drums being spaced a distance greater than the screen length (L1), the endless band (3) being arranged below and directly to the right of the sieving surface (1b), so that the sieving surface (1b) is suitable for sprinkling products directly on the endless belt (3),
- un rotor magnétique multipolaire (4a) agencé dans le premier tambour (4) d'entraînement de la bande sans fin (3),  a multipole magnetic rotor (4a) arranged in the first drum (4) for driving the endless belt (3),
- un premier volet répartiteur balistique (8), agencé en avant du convoyeur (2), délimitant une première zone (A) et une seconde zone (B) de réception de produits en fonction de leurs formes et densités,  a first ballistic distribution flap (8), arranged in front of the conveyor (2), delimiting a first zone (A) and a second zone (B) for receiving products according to their shapes and densities,
- un second volet répartiteur magnétique (7), agencé en dessous du convoyeur (2), délimitant la seconde zone (B) et une troisième zone (C) de réception de produits en fonction de leur teneur en fer.  - A second magnetic distributor flap (7), arranged below the conveyor (2), defining the second zone (B) and a third zone (C) for receiving products according to their iron content.
2. Dispositif de séparation (S) selon la revendication 1 , dans lequel les premier (8) et second volets (7) sont réglables en position et/ou en orientation. 2. separating device (S) according to claim 1, wherein the first (8) and second flaps (7) are adjustable in position and / or orientation.
3. Dispositif de séparation (S) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, comportant un troisième volet répartiteur (13) délimitant la troisième zone de réception avec le second volet (7), le troisième volet (13) étant de préférence réglable en position et/ou en orientation. 3. separating device (S) according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a third distributor flap (13) defining the third receiving zone with the second flap (7), the third flap (13) being preferably adjustable in position and / or in orientation.
4. Dispositif de séparation (S) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le convoyeur (2) est configuré pour déplacer la bande sans fin (3) avec une vitesse comprise entre 1 ,5 et 6 mètres par seconde. 4. separating device (S) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the conveyor (2) is configured to move the endless belt (3) with a speed between 1, 5 and 6 meters per second.
5. Dispositif de séparation (S) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comportant des moyens (15) d'épuration de la fraction de produits de la troisième zone (C), comprenant : 5. Separation device (S) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising means (15) for purifying the product fraction of the third zone (C), comprising:
- un second convoyeur (9) comportant une seconde bande sans fin (14), la troisième zone (C) étant portée par cette seconde bande sans fin (14), et comportant un tambour avant (1 1 ) et un tambour arrière (10) entre lesquels est tendue la seconde bande sans fin (14),  a second conveyor (9) comprising a second endless belt (14), the third zone (C) being carried by this second endless belt (14), and comprising a front drum (1 1) and a rear drum (10); ) between which is stretched the second endless band (14),
- un second rotor magnétique logé dans le tambour avant (1 1 ), et  a second magnetic rotor housed in the front drum (1 1), and
- un quatrième volet de séparation (12), agencé en dessous du second convoyaur (9) et séparant une quatrième zone (D) de réception d'élément conducteurs d'une cinquième zone (E) de réception d'éléments polluants.  - A fourth separation flap (12) arranged below the second convoyaur (9) and separating a fourth conductive element receiving zone (D) of a fifth zone (E) for receiving pollutants.
6. Procédé de séparation de produits au moyen d'un dispositif de séparation (S) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte : 6. Process for separating products by means of a separation device (S) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises:
- l'introduction de produits à traiter dans le crible (1 ),  - the introduction of products to be treated in the sieve (1),
- le saupoudrage en monocouche, sur la bande sans fin (3), de produits fins passant au travers de la surface de criblage (1 b),  - the dusting in monolayer, on the endless band (3), fine products passing through the screening surface (1 b),
- le convoyage des produits fins vers le rotor magnétique multipolaire (4a), pour la séparation balistique et magnétique des produits fins.  - Conveying fine products to the multipolar magnetic rotor (4a), for the ballistic and magnetic separation of fine products.
7. Procédé de séparation selon la revendication 6, comportant le réglage préalable de la vitesse de la bande sans fin (3) pour assurer le saupoudrage en monocouche des produits fins sur la bande sans fin (3). 7. Separation method according to claim 6, comprising the prior adjustment of the speed of the endless belt (3) to ensure the dusting monolayer fine products on the endless belt (3).
PCT/EP2017/078919 2016-11-10 2017-11-10 Optimised product-separating device WO2018087306A1 (en)

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CN108789174A (en) * 2018-06-04 2018-11-13 金华职业技术学院 A kind of fluid precision separator for rod iron abrasive Flow

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