WO2018086327A1 - 一种类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置及其采煤方法 - Google Patents

一种类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置及其采煤方法 Download PDF

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WO2018086327A1
WO2018086327A1 PCT/CN2017/084522 CN2017084522W WO2018086327A1 WO 2018086327 A1 WO2018086327 A1 WO 2018086327A1 CN 2017084522 W CN2017084522 W CN 2017084522W WO 2018086327 A1 WO2018086327 A1 WO 2018086327A1
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carbon fiber
coal
fiber mesh
hydraulic support
coal mining
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PCT/CN2017/084522
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王磊
李家卓
朱传奇
李传明
殷志强
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安徽理工大学
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Priority to ZA2017/08629A priority Critical patent/ZA201708629B/en
Publication of WO2018086327A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018086327A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D19/00—Provisional protective covers for working space
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
    • E21C25/06—Machines slitting solely by one or more cutting rods or cutting drums which rotate, move through the seam, and may or may not reciprocate
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/0004—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor along the working face
    • E21D23/0013—Frame type supports
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/03—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor having protective means, e.g. shields, for preventing or impeding entry of loose material into the working space or support
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D23/00—Mine roof supports for step- by- step movement, e.g. in combination with provisions for shifting of conveyors, mining machines, or guides therefor
    • E21D23/04—Structural features of the supporting construction, e.g. linking members between adjacent frames or sets of props; Means for counteracting lateral sliding on inclined floor

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining, and particularly relates to a fully enclosed coal mining device for a soil-like coal working face and a coal mining method thereof.
  • coal accounts for 70% of China's consumption structure and will still account for more than 50% by 2050. Coal will remain the dominant source of energy in China for a long period of time.
  • the conventional coal mining method in China uses chemical grouting materials to control the gangs and roofs, and uses conventional brackets to support the roof.
  • This method is not only costly, but also chemical substances can cause harm to the human body and the environment, and for the soil-like coals.
  • the effect of the working face on the prevention and the roofing is not very good, and the safety of coal mining on the working face is not guaranteed.
  • the present invention provides a low-cost, achievable, safe and efficient coal-type coal face fully enclosed coal mining device, and the invention also provides a coal mining method using the above coal mining device.
  • a fully enclosed coal mining device for a coal-like coal working face comprising a hydraulic support, a carbon fiber mesh and a shearer
  • the hydraulic support is a support shield hydraulic support
  • the hydraulic support comprises a top beam, a guard plate, a telescopic beam, and a cover a beam, a front pillar and a rear pillar
  • the carbon fiber mesh is laid over the hydraulic support
  • the rear portion of the shield beam is also covered by the carbon fiber mesh
  • the carbon fiber mesh is located at the rear of the shield beam Laying along a side wall of the vermiculite
  • one end of the carbon fiber mesh is fixed at the bottom of the vermiculite
  • the other end of the carbon fiber net is suspended from the front end of the fender
  • the telescopic beam and the guard plate are used
  • the carbon fiber The drooping portion of the net is placed on the working surface of the coal wall, the top beam is provided with a pulley, and the front column is provided with a manual winch, one end of
  • the coal mining method for the fully enclosed coal mining device of the earth-like coal working face according to the present invention comprises the following steps:
  • the fully-enclosed coal mining device for the coal-like coal working face of the invention adopts a carbon fiber mesh and a hydraulic support joint support; a carbon fiber mesh is arranged on the hydraulic support, and the carbon fiber mesh is placed on the coal wall by using the telescopic beam and the guard plate
  • the staff is in a state of full closure of the bracket, the roof and the coal wall, completely isolated from the roof and the coal, preventing the broken roof from falling down during the frame lowering and the damage caused to the worker's health during the support of the coal wall;
  • the combination of the slab and the carbon fiber mesh exerts a greater force on the coal wall, and the coal wall is protected to a greater extent.
  • the carbon fiber mesh at the rear of the bracket also prevents damage to the support by the caving stone, and the carbon fiber mesh has strength.
  • High, flexible, corrosion-resistant, better than ordinary metal mesh support, can also be heavy Recycling use.
  • the utility model has the advantages of light weight, large tensile strength, simple operation when used, and can realize the isolation of the large coal caving and the roof of the coal caving and the stope, and at the same time eliminate the generation of the electric spark in use.
  • the coal mining method for the fully enclosed coal mining device of the earth-like coal working face according to the invention adopts the telescopic beam and the guard plate to top the carbon fiber net on the coal wall, so that the worker is completely enclosed by a bracket, a roof and a coal wall Under the protection environment, the coal wall has been timely supported to avoid the occurrence of coal wall slabs. At the same time, the safety of workers has been significantly improved, and the occurrence of accidents such as flakes and accidents can be avoided.
  • the carbon fiber mesh is light in weight and easy to operate. Work efficiency has been improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a coal mining apparatus according to the present invention when coal is not cut;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of the coal mining apparatus according to the present invention during coal cutting.
  • the hydraulic support 1 is a support shield type hydraulic support, and the hydraulic support 1 includes a top beam 11 , a guard plate 12 , a telescopic beam 13 , a cover beam 14 ,
  • the front pillar 15 and the rear pillar 16 are provided with a carbon fiber mesh 2 above the hydraulic support 1, and the rear portion of the shield beam 14 is also covered with the carbon fiber mesh 2, and the carbon fiber mesh 2 located at the rear of the shield beam 14 is along the side wall of the vermiculite 6.
  • one end of the carbon fiber net 2 is fixed at the bottom of the vermiculite 6, the other end of the carbon fiber net 2 is suspended from the front end of the fender 12, and the drooping portion of the carbon fiber net 2 is placed on the coal by the telescopic beam 13 and the brace plate 12.
  • a pulley (not shown) is disposed on the top beam 11, and a front winch 7 is disposed on the front pillar 15, and one end of the wire rope 5 is fixed on the manual winch 7, and the other end passes through the pulley. It is fixed to one end of the drooping carbon fiber web 2 away from the vermiculite 6.
  • the carbon fiber mesh 2 is laid above the hydraulic support 1 of the earth-like working face, and then the rear portion of the shield beam 14 is also covered with the carbon fiber mesh 2 and located at the rear of the shield beam 14.
  • the carbon fiber mesh 2 is laid along the side wall of the vermiculite 6, and one end of the carbon fiber mesh 2 is fixed at the bottom of the vermiculite 6, the telescopic beam 13 all abuts against the working surface of the coal wall 3, and the brace 2 is in a retracted state, so that the coal wall 3 is laid.
  • One end of the carbon fiber mesh 2 of the working surface hangs from the front end of the telescopic beam 13 to facilitate networking;

Abstract

一种类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置，包括液压支架(1)、碳纤维网(2)和采煤机(4)，液压支架(1)为支撑掩护式液压支架(1)，液压支架(1)包括顶梁(11)、护帮板(12)、伸缩梁(13)、掩护梁(14)、前立柱(15)和后立柱(16)，液压支架(1)的上方铺设有碳纤维网(2)，掩护梁(14)的后部也采用碳纤维网(2)覆盖住，且位于掩护梁(14)后部的碳纤维网(2)沿矸石(6)的侧壁铺设，碳纤维网(2)的一端固定在矸石(6)的底部，碳纤维网(2)的另一端从护帮板(12)的前端下垂，并采用伸缩梁(13)和护帮板(12)将碳纤维网(2)顶在煤壁(3)上，钢丝绳(5)的一端固定在手动绞盘(7)上，另一端穿过滑轮固定在下垂的碳纤维网(2)的一端。所述的采煤装置，能够使工作人员处于一种支架、顶板和煤壁全封闭状态。还提供一种上述采煤装置的采煤方法，操作简单，安全有效。

Description

一种类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置及其采煤方法 技术领域
本发明属于煤矿开采技术领域，具体涉及一种类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置及其采煤方法。
背景技术
根据有关资料显示，在我国的一次消费结构中，煤炭占70％，到2050年仍将占50％以上，煤炭在相当长一段时期内将一直是我国居支配地位的主要能源。
随着开采深度与开采强度的不断增加，矿井开采技术条件更加复杂，顶板软、底板软、煤层软的问题逐渐凸显，尤其是在破碎的、松散的似土非土的类土质煤岩体工作面中，采场围岩的安全控制问题尤为突出，片、漏、冒事故时有发生，给工作面生产和管理带来了很大的安全隐患，大大降低了生产率。
目前国内常规的采煤方法是采用化学注浆材料来防治片帮和冒顶，使用常规的支架支护顶板，这种方法不但成本高，化学物质会对人体和环境产生危害，而且对于类土质煤工作面防治片帮和冒顶的效果也不是很好，工作面采煤的安全性得不到保证。
发明内容
为解决上述方法中存在的问题，本发明提供一种成本低，可实现，安全高效的类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置，本发明还提供了采用上述采煤装置的采煤方法。
本发明采用的技术方案是：
一种类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置，包括液压支架、碳纤维网和采煤机，所述液压支架为支撑掩护式液压支架，所述液压支架包括顶梁、护帮板、伸缩梁、掩护梁、前立柱和后立柱，所述液压支架的上方铺设有所述碳纤维网，所述掩护梁的后部也采用所述碳纤维网覆盖住，且位于所述掩护梁后部的所述碳纤维网沿矸石的侧壁铺设，所述碳纤维网的一端固定在所述矸石的底部，所述碳纤维网的另一端从所述护帮板的前端下垂，并采用所述伸缩梁和所述护帮板将所述碳纤维 网的下垂的部分顶在煤壁的工作面上，所述顶梁上设有滑轮，所述前立柱上设有手动绞盘，所述钢丝绳的一端固定在所述手动绞盘上，另一端穿过所述滑轮固定在下垂的所述碳纤维网的一端。
本发明所述的类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置，其中，所述碳纤维网为菱形碳纤维网，所述碳纤维网的Φ＝0.75mm，菱形边长为2～10cm。
本发明所述的类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置，其中，所述碳纤维网的抗拉强度σt＝2000MPa，ρ＝1750kg/m3。
本发明所述的类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置的采煤方法，包括以下步骤：
(a)所述采煤机工作前，先在所述液压支架的上方铺设所述碳纤维网，然后将所述掩护梁的后部也用所述碳纤维网覆盖，且位于所述掩护梁后部的所述碳纤维网沿所述矸石的侧壁铺设，所述碳纤维网的一端固定在所述矸石的底部，所述伸缩梁全部抵至所述煤壁的工作面，所述护帮板处于收回状态，使铺设在所述煤壁工作面的所述碳纤维网的一端从所述伸缩梁的前端下垂；
(b)铺网结束后，工作人员撤至所述前立柱和所述后立柱之间安全地点后，将所述护帮板打出并将所述碳纤维网顶住所述煤壁的侧壁，工作人员处于所述液压支架和所述碳纤维网形成的完全封闭环境内；
(c)所述采煤机工作时，收回所述伸缩梁和所述护帮板，用所述手摇绞盘将所述碳纤维网的端部拉回，使采煤机位于碳纤维网的下方；
(d)用所述采煤机的滚筒进行割煤，割煤后及时移动所述液压支架，使碳纤维网和液压支架同步前移，严禁抵网移架，移架完成后打出所述伸缩梁和所述护帮板将所述碳纤维网顶在所述煤壁的侧壁上；
(e)继续开采，重复以上步骤，完成一个工作面的开采。
本发明有益效果：
本发明所述的类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置，采用碳纤维网，液压支架联合支护；在液压支架上设有碳纤维网，采用伸缩梁和护帮板将碳纤维网顶在煤壁上，使得工作人员处于一种支架、顶板和煤壁全封闭状态，与顶板、煤完全隔离，防止破碎顶板在支架降架的过程中掉下来以及煤壁片帮时对工人的健康造成伤害；护帮板与碳纤维网联合作用对煤壁施加的力，面积更广，煤壁被保护的范围更大；同时，支架后部的碳纤维网也防止了冒落矸石对支架的损害，碳纤维网具有强度高，柔韧性好，耐腐蚀的优点，相比普通金属网支护效果更好，还可以重 复回收使用。
本发明所述的类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置，所述碳纤维网的直径Φ＝0.75mm，菱形边长为2cm～10cm，抗拉强度σt＝2000MPa，ρ＝1750kg/m3，其优点是质量轻、抗拉强度大，使用时操作简单，能实现煤壁、顶板大块冒落矸石与采场的隔离，同时在使用中杜绝了电火花的产生。
本发明所述的类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置的采煤方法，采用伸缩梁和护帮板将碳纤维网顶在煤壁上，使得工作人员处于一种支架、顶板和煤壁全封闭保护环境下，煤壁得到了及时支护，避免了煤壁片帮的发生，同时工人的工作安全性得到了显著提高，能避免片、冒、漏事故的发生，碳纤维网质量轻操作简单，工作效率得到了提高。
附图说明
图1为本发明所述的采煤装置在不割煤时的结构示意图；
图2为本发明所述的采煤装置在割煤时的结构示意图。
图中：1-液压支架，11-顶梁，12-护帮板，13-伸缩梁，14-掩护梁，15-前立柱，16-后立柱，2-碳纤维网，3-煤壁，4-采煤机，41-滚筒，5-钢丝绳，6--矸石，7-手摇绞盘。
下面结合具体实施例和附图对本发明作进一步说明。
具体实施方式
一种类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置，包括液压支架1、碳纤维网2和采煤机4，碳纤维网2为菱形碳纤维网，碳纤维网2的直径Φ＝0.75mm，菱形边长为2cm，碳纤维网2的抗拉强度σt＝2000MPa，ρ＝1750kg/m3；液压支架1为支撑掩护式液压支架，液压支架1包括顶梁11、护帮板12、伸缩梁13、掩护梁14、前立柱15和后立柱16，液压支架1的上方铺设有碳纤维网2，掩护梁14的后部也采用碳纤维网2覆盖住，且位于掩护梁14后部的碳纤维网2沿矸石6的侧壁铺设，碳纤维网2的一端固定在矸石6的底部，碳纤维网2的另一端从护帮板12的前端下垂，并采用伸缩梁13和护帮板12将碳纤维网2的下垂的部分顶在煤壁3的工作面上，顶梁11上设有滑轮(图中未示出)，前立柱15上设有手动 绞盘7，钢丝绳5的一端固定在手动绞盘7上，另一端穿过所述滑轮固定在下垂的碳纤维网2的远离矸石6的一端。
本实施例所述的类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置的采煤方法，包括以下步骤：
(a)采煤机4工作前，先在类土质工作面的液压支架1的上方铺设碳纤维网2，然后将掩护梁14的后部也用碳纤维网2覆盖，且位于掩护梁14后部的碳纤维网2沿矸石6的侧壁铺设，碳纤维网2的一端固定在矸石6的底部，伸缩梁13全部抵至煤壁3的工作面，护帮板2处于收回状态，使铺设在煤壁3工作面的碳纤维网2的一端从伸缩梁13的前端下垂，方便联网；
(b)铺网结束后，工作人员撤至液压支架1的前立柱15和后立柱16之间安全地点后，将护帮板12打出并将碳纤维网2顶住煤壁3的侧壁，工作人员处于液压支架1和碳纤维网2形成的完全封闭环境内；
(c)采煤机4工作时，收回伸缩梁13和护帮板12，用手摇绞盘7将碳纤维网2的端部拉回，使采煤机4位于碳纤维网2的下方；
(d)用采煤机4的滚筒41进行割煤，割煤后及时移动液压支架1，使碳纤维网2和液压支架1同步前移，严禁抵网移架，移架完成后打出伸缩梁13和护帮板12将碳纤维网2顶在煤壁3的侧壁上；
(e)继续开采，重复以上步骤，完成一个工作面的开采。
以上所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述，并非对本发明的范围进行限定，在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下，本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案作出的各种变形和改进，均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置，其特征在于：包括液压支架(1)、碳纤维网(2)和采煤机(4)，所述液压支架(1)为支撑掩护式液压支架，所述液压支架(1)包括顶梁(11)、护帮板(12)、伸缩梁(13)、掩护梁(14)、前立柱(15)和后立柱(16)，所述液压支架(1)的上方铺设有所述碳纤维网(2)，所述掩护梁(14)的后部也采用所述碳纤维网(2)覆盖住，且位于所述掩护梁(14)后部的所述碳纤维网(2)沿矸石(6)的侧壁铺设，所述碳纤维网(2)的一端固定在所述矸石(6)的底部，所述碳纤维网(2)的另一端从所述护帮板(12)的前端下垂，并采用所述伸缩梁(13)和所述护帮板(12)将所述碳纤维网(2)的下垂的部分顶在煤壁(3)的工作面上，所述顶梁(11)上设有滑轮，所述前立柱(15)上设有手动绞盘(7)，所述钢丝绳(5)的一端固定在所述手动绞盘(7)上，另一端穿过所述滑轮固定在下垂的所述碳纤维网(2)的一端。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置，其特征在于：所述碳纤维网(2)为菱形碳纤维网，所述碳纤维网(2)的直径Φ＝0.75mm，菱形边长为2cm～10cm。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置，其特征在于：所述碳纤维网(2)的抗拉强度σt＞2000MPa，ρ＝1750kg/m3。
  4. 权利要求1-3任意一项所述的类土质煤工作面全封闭采煤装置的采煤方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    (a)所述采煤机(4)工作前，先在所述液压支架(1)的上方铺设所述碳纤维网(2)，然后将所述掩护梁(14)的后部也用所述碳纤维网(2)覆盖，且位于所述掩护梁(14)后部的所述碳纤维网(2)沿所述矸石(6)的侧壁铺设，所述碳纤维网(2)的一端固定在所述矸石(6)的底部，所述伸缩梁(13)全部抵至煤壁(3)的工作面，所述护帮板(2)处于收回状态，使铺设在所述煤壁(3)工作面的所述碳纤维网(2)的一端从所述伸缩梁(13)的前端下垂；
    (b)铺网结束后，工作人员撤至所述前立柱(15)和所述后立柱(16)之间安全地点后，将所述护帮板(12)打出并将所述碳纤维网(2)顶住所述煤壁(3)的侧壁，工作人员处于所述液压支架(1)和所述碳纤维网(2)形成的完全封闭环境内；
    (c)所述采煤机(4)工作时，收回所述伸缩梁(13)和所述护帮板(12)，用所述手摇绞盘(7)将所述碳纤维网(2)的端部拉回，使所述采煤机(4)位于碳纤维网(2)的下方；
    (d)用所述采煤机(4)的滚筒(41)进行割煤，割煤后及时移动所述液压支架(1)，使碳纤维网(2)和液压支架(1)同步前移，严禁抵网移架，移架完成后打出所述伸缩梁(13)和所述护帮板(12)将所述碳纤维网(2)顶在所述煤壁(3)的侧壁上；
    (e)继续开采，重复以上步骤，完成一个工作面的开采。
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