WO2018076311A1 - 一种无霜空调 - Google Patents

一种无霜空调 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018076311A1
WO2018076311A1 PCT/CN2016/103881 CN2016103881W WO2018076311A1 WO 2018076311 A1 WO2018076311 A1 WO 2018076311A1 CN 2016103881 W CN2016103881 W CN 2016103881W WO 2018076311 A1 WO2018076311 A1 WO 2018076311A1
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WO
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Prior art keywords
air
compressor
frequency conversion
electric control
control module
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PCT/CN2016/103881
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙海潮
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孙海潮
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Application filed by 孙海潮 filed Critical 孙海潮
Priority to PCT/CN2016/103881 priority Critical patent/WO2018076311A1/zh
Publication of WO2018076311A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018076311A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F24F1/06Separate outdoor units, e.g. outdoor unit to be linked to a separate room comprising a compressor and a heat exchanger

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of air conditioning, and relates to only a refrigeration heat pump type frost-free air conditioner outdoor unit.
  • the existing refrigerating heat pump type air conditioner includes an indoor unit and an outdoor unit.
  • the indoor unit When cooling, the indoor unit is an evaporator, the indoor unit evaporates and absorbs heat, the outdoor unit is a condenser, and condenses and releases heat; when heating, the indoor unit is a condenser and condenses.
  • the outdoor unit Exothermic, the outdoor unit is an evaporator, and the heat is evaporated.
  • the condenser, the evaporator is collectively referred to as a heat exchanger.
  • the air conditioner outdoor unit usually divides the outdoor unit into two spaces by the middle partition plate, and a fan and a heat exchanger are arranged in a space on one side of the middle partition plate.
  • the invention is called a fan and a heat exchanger space, and the space is relatively large.
  • the inlet and outlet of the fan are open and open to the outside of the outdoor unit, and the compressor and the electronic control module are arranged in a space on the other side of the middle partition.
  • the invention is called a compressor and an electronic control module space, and the space is relatively small, and the compressor is relatively small.
  • the space around the electronic control module is enclosed by the middle partition and the outdoor casing, and is basically closed to the outside of the outdoor unit casing. If it is an inverter air conditioner, the electronic control module further includes a frequency conversion module.
  • the frequency conversion electronic control module is set in the frequency conversion electric control box.
  • the compressor and the variable frequency electronic control module when the air conditioner is running, the compressor and the variable frequency electronic control module must generate a large amount of heat, especially the heat generated by the frequency conversion module is larger, which is generated by the entire outdoor unit. If the temperature is the highest, the heat is the highest. If the heat is not dissipated in time, the inverter electronic control module will not work normally or even burn out. When the compressor temperature is too high, it will affect the performance and service life of the compressor. When the inverter module and compressor temperature are too high, The over-temperature protection device is triggered to force the air conditioner to stop running, which affects the use of the air conditioner. Therefore, the frequency conversion electronic control module and the compressor must be dissipated.
  • variable frequency electric control module adopts these two heat dissipation methods: 1. On the variable frequency electric control box with the variable frequency electronic control module, the air cooling radiator is disposed, and the radiator can be attached.
  • the middle partition is designed on the side of the fan and the heat exchanger, and the electric control box is placed on the middle partition. However, most of the electric control box is still located on the side of the compressor and the variable frequency electronic control module, and the radiator can also be attached to the middle partition. It is installed on the side of the compressor and the electronic control module.
  • the side of the radiator is placed on the side of the middle partition, it is the negative pressure difference formed by the operation of the fan, so that the outdoor air passes through the heat exchanger through the radiator or compressor and The air on the side of the electronic control module is cooled by the heat exchange of the radiator and then discharged by the fan to the outdoor unit.
  • the cooling circuit is used to cool the heat-dissipating electronic control module, and the compressor usually dissipates heat for natural heat dissipation and heat dissipation.
  • the heat radiated from the variable frequency electronic control module and the compressor is discharged to the outdoor unit, and the heat generated by the variable frequency electronic control module and the compressor is consumed by the electric energy, and this part of the energy is directly discharged. Outdoor machine, wasted energy.
  • the inverter electronic control module in the existing inverter air conditioner adopts air-cooling heat dissipation
  • the fan and heat exchanger parts are completely open to the outside of the outdoor unit, and the negative pressure region formed when the fan is running is large, and the air is blown into the entire heat exchanger.
  • the frequency conversion electronic control module is often poor in heat dissipation, it will easily cause the entire system to over-temperature protection and stop running when the high-temperature operation is performed for a long time.
  • the long-term operation of the frequency conversion electronic control module will shorten the service life under such working conditions, and even burn out, and the refrigerant Cooling frequency conversion electronic control module, the temperature difference between the refrigerant temperature and the variable frequency electronic control module is very large, and it is easy to form condensation on the surface of the frequency conversion electronic control module and the electronic control circuit board, thereby bringing the short circuit of the frequency conversion electronic control module circuit board.
  • Hidden dangers When the air conditioner heats up, condensation water will be generated on the surface of the evaporator tube. When the ambient air temperature is lower than 5-7 °C, the condensation water will condense into a thin frost. The lower the ambient temperature, the more serious the frosting will be, and even the thickness will be thick.
  • Thick frost, frost and frost will reduce and block the air passage between the fins, increase the air flow resistance, resulting in a sharp drop in evaporative heat transfer capacity, and even cause the air conditioner to stop working and can not heat, so the defrost device must be defrost .
  • the usual defrosting methods for air conditioners are four-way reversing valve defrost, hot gas bypass defrost, and electric heating components defrost. Four-way reversing valve defrosting needs to interrupt heating, hot gas bypass Defrost will reduce the heating to the room. When the outdoor temperature is low, it will lead to the compressor. It will reduce the performance of the compressor and even damage the compressor.
  • the defrosting effect of the electric heating components is good, and the first two interruptions will not occur. Heating or reducing the heating situation, but the electric components defrosting, the power consumption is large, the cost of defrosting is higher.
  • the defrosting is too late, the frost layer on the evaporator is too thick, the air passage between the fins is blocked, the air volume is reduced, the heating efficiency of the system is decreased, and the energy consumption is increased; Early, there is no frost or a small amount of frost on the evaporator, which will increase the frequency of defrost, and will also cause the system heating efficiency to decrease and increase energy consumption.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a frost-free air conditioner. After the air conditioner is started, it is ensured that the air conditioner is not interrupted and the normal heating is not reduced, and the outdoor unit evaporator can be free from frosting without increasing the power consumption. Frost air conditioning, it is difficult to accurately control the problem of starting the defrost time will be solved.
  • the outdoor unit evaporator can be supplied with air above the ambient temperature, thereby improving the evaporation efficiency of the evaporator, increasing the heat of the air conditioner, improving the energy efficiency of the air conditioner, and saving energy.
  • a frost-free air conditioner including an outdoor unit casing, an evaporator, a fan, a middle partition, a compressor and an inverter electronic control module space, a frequency conversion electric control box, a compressor
  • the utility model is characterized in that: an air inlet duct is arranged at the air outlet of the fan, and the air inlet duct passes through the middle partition to communicate with the compressor and the frequency conversion electric control module, and is arranged on the outdoor unit casing of the compressor and the frequency conversion electric control module space.
  • the collecting hood is arranged, and the collecting hood is connected with the heating air supply duct, and the fan outlet air enters the space of the compressor and the frequency conversion electric control module through the air inlet duct, flows through the compressor, and after the frequency conversion electric control box, enters the wind collecting hood
  • the heating air supply duct is delivered to the air inlet side of the evaporator.
  • a frost-free air conditioner including an outdoor unit casing, a condenser, a fan, a middle partition, a compressor and an inverter electronic control module space, and an inverter electric control box.
  • the compressor is characterized in that: an air inlet duct is arranged at the air outlet of the fan, and the air inlet duct passes through the middle partition to communicate with the compressor and the frequency conversion electronic control module, and is arranged between the compressor and the side panel of the outdoor unit casing
  • the cooling air outlet duct, the cooling air outlet air outlet passes through the outdoor unit casing and communicates with the external space of the outdoor unit, and the fan air enters the space of the compressor and the frequency conversion electric control module through the air inlet duct, flows through the compressor, and converts the frequency After the electric control box, enter the cooling air outlet duct to discharge the outdoor unit.
  • the invention provides an electric heating tube in the air collecting hood.
  • the chilling air duct and the air collecting hood of the invention are provided with a damper that can be opened and closed.
  • the wind collecting hood and the air supply air duct of the invention are made of aluminum alloy material with light weight, fast heat transfer and corrosion resistance.
  • a cooling air duct partition is provided between the compressor and the side panel of the outdoor unit casing.
  • the cooling air duct damper When the air conditioner is heating, the cooling air duct damper is closed, the windshield damper is opened, the outdoor unit fan is started, and the air outside the sucked outdoor unit is exchanged by the evaporator to be cooled and then cooled to become cold air, and then discharged by the fan.
  • the air discharged by the fan has a strong wind pressure, some of the air passes through the air inlet duct set by the fan air outlet, and is collected into the space of the compressor and the frequency conversion electronic control module, flowing through the compressor, and the frequency conversion electric
  • the box When the box is controlled, the heat of the compressor casing is absorbed, and the heat on the frequency conversion electric control box becomes hot air.
  • the cooling air outlet damper is closed, and the air collecting hood becomes the space of the compressor and the variable frequency electronic control module.
  • the hot air is collected into the collecting hood and sent to the air inlet side of the evaporator through the heating air duct, and mixed with the air outside the fan and the evaporator space to form a mixed air, and the mixed air temperature is formed. It is higher than the air outside the space of the fan and heat exchanger, that is, the ambient air temperature, and the mixed air is The fan is sucked, flows through the evaporator tube and the heat exchange fins on the evaporator, and then exits the outdoor unit.
  • the mixed air having a temperature higher than the ambient air temperature flows through the evaporation tube on the evaporator and the heat exchange fins evaporate heat exchange, thereby improving evaporation.
  • the evaporation efficiency of the device increases the heat generation.
  • the heat absorption on the compressor casing and the variable frequency electric control box becomes hot air, which acts as a heat sink for the compressor and the variable frequency electronic control module.
  • the air conditioner When the air conditioner is heating, condensation water will be generated on the surface of the evaporator tube. When the ambient air temperature is lower than 5-7 °C, the surface temperature of the evaporator tube sheet will be lower than 0 °C, and the condensation water will condense into a thin frost.
  • the air conditioner When the air conditioner is heated at an ambient air temperature of less than 5-7 ° C, the above-mentioned air mixture temperature mixed with the air outside the fan and the evaporator space is greater than 0 ° C, thereby eliminating frost formation on the outdoor unit evaporator. It is possible that the air conditioner has no frost and heat and becomes a frost-free air conditioner.
  • the evaporator is heated due to the temperature of the mixed air flowing above the ambient air temperature.
  • the evaporation energy also increases the heating of the room; when the ambient temperature of the colder climate makes the temperature of the mixed air lower than 0 °C, the temperature of the mixed air is always higher than the ambient temperature, and the surface of the evaporator plate of the outdoor unit Although it will freeze and freeze in an environment below 0 °C, the rate of condensation and icing will be greatly reduced, thereby reducing the opening frequency and defrost time of the auxiliary defroster, saving energy and saving energy.
  • the invention defrosting the surface of the evaporator tube piece by providing an electric heating tube in the collecting hood to increase the temperature of the air flowing through the collecting hood, and reducing the opening frequency and the defrosting time of the auxiliary defrosting device, Under the same working condition, the electric defrosting power consumption of the electric heating pipe of the invention is reduced, the defrosting time is short and the speed is fast, and the user's comfort during air conditioning heating is improved.
  • the air conditioner is heated at an ambient temperature of less than 5-7 ° C or higher than 5-7 ° C
  • the temperature of the mixed air flowing through the evaporator of the present invention is always higher than the temperature of the ambient air, so that the outdoor unit is evaporated. The efficiency is improved, the heating energy efficiency is improved, and the energy saving is saved.
  • the air outlet of the cooling air duct is opened, and the air damper of the air collecting hood is closed.
  • the air outside the outdoor unit is heated by the condenser and then turned into hot air, which is discharged by the fan to the outdoor unit.
  • the air temperature of the machine is increased to hot air as soon as possible, but the temperature of the hot air is only allowed to be at a temperature of 43 ° C under the maximum operating ambient temperature of the air conditioning condition, and the surface temperature of the compressor casing at this time will be Up to 100 °C, the temperature of the frequency conversion module in the frequency conversion electric control box will be close to the limit working temperature of the frequency conversion module of 75 °C.
  • the hot air temperature is still much lower than the temperature of the surface of the compressor casing and the frequency conversion electric control box, and is discharged by the fan.
  • a part of the hot air passes through the air inlet duct set by the fan air outlet, and is collected into the space of the compressor and the variable electrical control module.
  • the heat of the compressor casing and the frequency conversion electric control box are changed.
  • the cooling air duct becomes the only air outlet channel of the compressor and the variable frequency electric control module, and the hot air passes through.
  • the cold air duct flows out of the outdoor unit to achieve the purpose of cooling and cooling the compressor and the variable frequency electric control box.
  • the compressor and the variable frequency electric control box are cooled and cooled, so that the frequency conversion electronic control components on the compressor and the variable frequency electric control box are always Operating at a suitable temperature condition improves the performance and service life of compressors and variable frequency electronic components.
  • the air conditioner adopts a flammable refrigerant system such as R290, which is increasingly popular, when the refrigerant circuit in the space of the outdoor unit compressor and the variable frequency electronic control module leaks or is difficult to avoid, the micro leaks at various sealed joints are accumulated. After the concentration, the flammable refrigerant enters the frequency conversion electric control box, and there may be a crisis of ignition and ignition of the electronic components in the frequency conversion electric control box.
  • the air conditioner of the present invention discharges the fan regardless of heating or cooling operation. A part of the air will pass through the air inlet duct set by the fan air outlet, and will be collected into the space of the compressor and the frequency conversion electronic control module. After passing through the compressor and the frequency conversion electric control box, it will be discharged to the outdoor unit. If a refrigerant leak occurs, the leaked refrigerant will be discharged. It is discharged from the outdoor unit at any time, thus eliminating the possibility that the leakage of the outdoor unit of the flammable refrigerant system may cause an explosion.
  • the air inlet duct of the invention passes through the middle partition plate and communicates with the compressor and the frequency conversion electronic control module, and can also be designed to bypass the middle partition plate and communicate with the compressor and the frequency conversion electronic control module, and there is no substantial difference between the two.
  • the air hood is arranged on the outdoor unit casing of the compressor and the frequency conversion electronic control module space, and the wind hood can also be arranged in other parts of the space of the middle partition or the compressor and the frequency conversion electric control module, and the air can be passed through and collected.
  • the heat transfer air duct connected to the hood is transported to the air inlet side of the evaporator for the substantial purpose.
  • the above invention aims to reduce the temperature of the compressor and the variable frequency electric control box and eliminate the leakage of the outdoor unit of the flammable refrigerant system, which may cause an explosion hazard.
  • the object of the invention is to achieve the situation that the existing air conditioner does not need to increase energy consumption.
  • the air supply duct of the present invention has a rectangular tube with a rectangular shape at the middle and a semicircular shape at both ends, and the flat tube is disposed around the heat pipe of the evaporator.
  • the heat pipe of the evaporator is a set of parallel "C” type, flat tube Also set as a set of parallel "C” type, close to the heat sink arrangement on the evaporator heat pipe, the flat surface in the middle of the flat tube is parallel to the flow direction of the air entering the evaporator, and the flat tube and the heat pipe in the evaporator are Set at the same horizontal line, the short side of the rectangle in the middle of the oblate tube grows to the same diameter as the heat pipe of the evaporator, and the number of the oblate tubes is half of the number of heat pipes on the evaporator, and the heat pipes of the evaporator are arranged one at a time.
  • the wind pipe will not increase the inlet air resistance of the evaporator.
  • One end of the oblate pipe is connected to the collecting hood, and the other end is closed.
  • a flat or array of hot air ducts is uniformly arranged on the flat surface of the oblate pipe.
  • the tuyere has an unlimited number of tuy Guatemala.
  • the present invention proposes that the tuyere is circular, with a diameter of 3 mm, and a tuyere is opened every 20 mm.
  • the arrangement of the oblate tube will pass the mixed air led by the collecting hood through the oblate On the tube Shunting air uniformly throughout the outer surface of the evaporator inlet side tube sheet of the evaporator to ensure that the respective positions are obtained substantially uniform mixing of the air inlet.
  • a cooling air duct partition is arranged between the compressor and the side panel of the outdoor unit casing.
  • the upper and lower partitions of the partition are closed with the top cover and the bottom of the casing, and the side of the partition is connected with the casing of the outdoor unit, and the width extends over the frequency conversion electronic control.
  • the box has an air outlet on the outdoor unit casing between the cooling air duct partition and the side panel of the outdoor unit casing, so that a cooling air outlet partition is formed between the air duct partition and the side panel of the outdoor unit casing.
  • the cooling air outlet duct, the cooling air outlet duct partitioning function is to guide the air to fully exchange with the compressor and the frequency conversion electric control box, and then enter the air collecting hood or enter the cooling air outlet air duct, and when cooling, cooling
  • the air duct partitions direct the air flowing into the space of the compressor and the electronic control module to guide into the air collecting hood.
  • the cooling air duct partitions will flow into the space of the compressor and the electronic control module to change the flow direction. After passing the compressor to the frequency conversion electric control box, the corner is turned back into the cooling air outlet duct to discharge the outdoor unit.
  • the air collecting hood is disposed on the rear back panel of the outdoor unit casing far away from the air guiding duct, and the collecting hood air collecting opening is designed as large as possible, so that the flowing air is collected into the collecting hood without resistance, and the wind collecting body
  • the cover and the air supply duct can be made of aluminum alloy material with light weight, fast heat transfer and corrosion resistance.
  • the control of the opening and closing of the damper and the electric heating pipe on the cooling air outlet duct and the collecting hood is a well-known technique in the field of air conditioning design, and the present invention does not describe it.
  • the present invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
  • the present invention can make the air conditioner evaporator frost-free air-conditioner into a frost-free air conditioner at a lower ambient temperature; In the low case, the rate of freezing and freezing of the air conditioner evaporator is reduced, the opening frequency and the defrosting time of the auxiliary defrosting device are reduced, the energy efficiency of the air conditioning heating is improved, and the energy saving is saved.
  • the temperature of the mixed air flowing through the evaporator of the present invention is always higher than the temperature of the ambient air, so that the evaporation efficiency of the outdoor unit is improved, and the energy efficiency of the air conditioner is improved. Increased heating capacity.
  • the invention can heat and cool the frequency conversion electronic control components of the compressor and the electric control box without increasing the energy consumption, and improve the compressor and the frequency conversion electronic control component. Performance and service life.
  • the above-mentioned invention for the heat dissipation and cooling of the compressor and the variable frequency electric control box and the elimination of the leakage of the outdoor unit of the flammable refrigerant system may cause an explosion hazard.
  • the object of the invention is to realize the realization of the existing air conditioner without increasing the energy consumption. , with zero cost to achieve the purpose of the advantage.
  • 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an outdoor unit of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of the wind collecting hood and the air supply duct of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 in Figure 2 is a heating air duct
  • 2 is an electric heating tube
  • 3 is a windshield
  • 4 is an outdoor unit casing
  • 5 is a variable frequency electric control box
  • 6 is a compressor
  • 7 is Cooling air duct
  • 8 is the cooling air duct partition
  • 9 is the outdoor unit partition
  • 10 is the induced air duct
  • 11 is the fan
  • 12 evaporator 13 is the heating air duct outlet.
  • the air conditioner When the air conditioner is heating, the air conditioner is energized, the damper of the cooling air duct 7 is closed, the damper of the air collecting hood 3 is opened, the compressor 6 is started, and the refrigerant in the heating circuit enters the evaporator 12 in the outdoor unit 4, Under the action of the fan 11, the air is taken in.
  • the inhaled air passes through the evaporator 12, the heat is absorbed, the air is cooled, and the cooled air is discharged from the outdoor unit by the fan 11, and the cooling air discharged from the fan 11 has a strong air.
  • Wind pressure which is arranged at the air inlet duct 10 of the air outlet of the fan 11, can introduce part of the chilled air into the space of the compressor 6 and the frequency conversion electronic control module 5, and flows through the compressor 6 and the frequency conversion electric control box 5,
  • the compressor 6 and the variable frequency electric control box 5 exchange heat, and absorb the heat accumulated on the compressor 6 and the variable frequency electric control box 5 to become hot air which is heated, and the hot air which is heated is collected by the wind collecting cover 3 and then heated.
  • the air duct 1 is discharged to the air outlet 13 of the heating air duct, and the arrow on the air outlet 13 of the heating air duct represents the air outlet and the air outlet direction, and the heat of the air outlet 13 of the heating air duct is exhausted.
  • the air merges with the air taken in from the outside of the outdoor unit to become mixed air.
  • the temperature of the air will be higher than the temperature of the air taken in by the outside of the outdoor unit, that is, higher than the ambient temperature of the outdoor unit.
  • the mixed air is absorbed by the evaporator 12, and the mixed air is cooled and cooled.
  • the mixed air is discharged from the outdoor unit by the fan 11, and the air is circulated in this way.
  • the electric heating tube 2 is activated to increase the temperature of the air flowing through the collecting hood, thereby increasing the temperature of the mixed air to defrost the surface of the evaporator tube piece.
  • the air conditioner is energized, the cooling air outlet damper is opened, the collecting hood damper is closed, the compressor 6 is started, the evaporator 12 becomes a condenser, and the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit enters the condenser 12 in the outdoor unit 4,
  • the air is taken in under the action of the fan 11, and the sucked air is absorbed by the condenser 12, and the air is heated to become hot air.
  • the temperature is increased to hot air, the temperature of the hot air is still lower than that of the compressor casing.
  • the hot air is discharged by the fan 11 to the outside of the outdoor unit, and is disposed at the air inlet duct 10 of the air outlet of the fan 11, and introduces part of the hot air into the space of the compressor 6 and the frequency conversion electronic control module 5, and flows.
  • the compressor 6 and the frequency conversion electric control box 5 pass through, heat exchange with the compressor 6 and the variable frequency electric control box 5 is performed, and the heat accumulated on the compressor 6 and the variable frequency electric control box 5 is exhausted through the cooling air duct 7 to be discharged outside. In this way, the purpose of cooling and cooling of the compressor 6 and the variable frequency electric control box 5 is achieved.
  • variable frequency electronic control module in the description of the embodiment is the variable frequency electric control box.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

一种无霜空调,包括室外机机壳(4),蒸发器(12),风机(11),中隔板(9),压缩机和变频电控模块空间,变频电控盒(5),压缩机(6),在风机(11)出风口设置引风风道(10),引风风道(10)穿过中隔板(9)与压缩机和变频电控模块空间相通,在压缩机和变频电控模块空间的室外机机壳(4)上设置集风罩(3),集风罩(3)连接制热送风风管(1),风机(11)出风通过引风风道(10)进入压缩机和变频电控模块空间,流经压缩机(6),变频电控盒(5)后,进入集风罩(3)由制热送风风管(1)输送到蒸发器(12)进风侧流出。该空调具有无霜制热,为压缩机变频电控模块散热降温,蒸发制热量大,能效高的特点。

Description

一种无霜空调 技术领域
本发明属于空气调节技术领域,仅涉及一种制冷热泵型无霜空调室外机。
背景技术
现有制冷热泵型空调包括室内机和室外机,制冷时,室内机为蒸发器,室内机蒸发吸热,室外机为冷凝器,冷凝放热;制热时相反,室内机为冷凝器,冷凝放热,室外机为蒸发器,蒸发吸热。冷凝器,蒸发器统称为热交换器。空调室外机通常由中隔板将室外机分隔为两个空间,位于中隔板一侧的一个空间设置风机与热交换器,本发明称之为风机和热交换器空间,空间相对较大,风机进出风口与室外机外部处于敞开开放状态,而中隔板另一侧的一个空间设置压缩机和电控模块,本发明称之为压缩机和电控模块空间,空间相对较小,压缩机和电控模块空间四周被中隔板与室外机壳围合,与室外机机壳外部基本上处于封闭状态,如果是变频空调,电控模块还包括变频模块。变频电控模块设置在变频电控盒内,无论制冷还是制热,空调运行时,压缩机和变频电控模块都要产生大量热量,尤其是变频模块产生的热量更大,是整个室外机产生温度最高产热量最大的部位,如不及时散热,变频电控模块就不能正常工作甚至烧毁,压缩机温度过高时也会影响压缩机性能和使用寿命,变频模块和压缩机温度过高时都会触发过温保护装置,迫使空调停止运行,影响空调使用。因此必须给变频电控模块和压缩机散热,通常变频电控模块采用这两种散热方式:1,在设置变频电控模块的变频电控盒上设置风冷散热器散热,散热器可贴着中隔板设计在风机与热交换器一侧,电控盒架设在中隔板上,但电控盒大部分仍位于压缩机和变频电控模块一侧,散热器也可贴着中隔板设置在压缩机和电控模块一侧,无论散热器设置在中隔板那一侧,都是通过风机运转时形成的负压压差,使得室外空气经热交换器通过散热器或压缩机和电控模块一侧空气通过散热器热交换散热后由风机排出室外机;2,通过设置冷媒回路来冷却变频电控模块散热,而压缩机通常为自然散热和设置散热装置散热,上述散热方式,都是将变频电控模块和压缩机散发的热量排放到室外机外,变频电控模块和压缩机散发的热量是由要消耗电能的,这一部分能量直接排放室外机外,白白浪费了能量。现有变频空调中的变频电控模块采用风冷散热时,风机和热交换器部分与室外机外部处于完全的开放状态,风机运转时形成的负压区域很大,为整个热交换器进风面,而散热器仅占其中很小的一部分,且位于风扇叶片的进风量较小的边缘区域,因而流经散热器的风量很小,风冷散热效率很低,尤其在夏季环境温度较高时,变频电控模块往往散热不良,长时间高温运行时容易引起整个系统过温保护而停止运行,变频电控模块长期在这种工况下运行使用寿命会缩短,甚至会烧坏,而冷媒冷却变频电控模块,冷媒温度与变频电控模块工作时的温度差很大,极易在变频电控模块表面及电控线路板上形成凝露,从而带来变频电控模块线路板短路的隐患。空调制热时,蒸发器管片表面会产生凝露水,当环境空气温度低于5-7℃,凝露水就会凝结成薄霜,环境温度越低,结霜越严重,甚至会产生厚厚的霜冻,结霜和霜冻会减小和堵塞翅片间空气通道,增加空气流动阻力,导致蒸发换热能力急剧下降,甚至会造成空调停止工作无法制热,因此必须设置除霜装置除霜。空调通常的除霜方法有四通换向阀除霜,热气旁通除霜,电热元器件除霜三种。四通换向阀除霜需中断制热,热气旁通 除霜会减少向室内的供热,在室外气温较低时会导至压缩机出现液击现象降低压缩机性能甚至损坏压缩机,而电热元器件除霜效果好,不会出现前两种中断供热或减少供热的情况,但电热元器件除霜,耗电较大,除霜费用成本较高。此外,什么时候启动除霜也是一个难以准确控制的问题,除霜太晚,蒸发器上霜层太厚,翅片间风道阻塞,风量降低,系统制热效率下降,耗能增加;除霜过早,蒸发器上还未结霜或少量结霜,就会增大除霜频率,也会造成系统制热效率下降,增加耗能。
发明内容
1,本发明的目的就是提供一种无霜空调,在空调启动工作后,确保空调不中断不减少正常制热的情况下,不用增加耗电就可使室外机蒸发器免除结霜而成为无霜空调,难以准确控制启动除霜时间的问题也就迎刃而解。
2,不增加耗电就可给室外机蒸发器时刻提供高于环境温度的进风,从而提高了蒸发器的蒸发效率,使得空调制热量获得增加,提高了空调的能效,省电节能。
3,给压缩机和变频电控模块散热降温,使得压缩机和变频电控模块始终外于一个较理想的工况中,有效地提高了压缩机和变频电控模块工作效率从而提高了空调的能效,也确保了压缩机和变频电控模块正常使用寿命。
本发明的发明目的是通过以下方式来实现的:一种无霜空调,包括室外机机壳,蒸发器,风机,中隔板,压缩机和变频电控模块空间,变频电控盒,压缩机,其特征是:在风机出风口设置引风风道,引风风道穿过中隔板与压缩机和变频电控模块空间相通,在压缩机和变频电控模块空间的室外机机壳上设置集风罩,集风罩连接制热送风风管,风机出风通过引风风道进入压缩机和变频电控模块空间,流经压缩机,变频电控盒后,进入集风罩由制热送风风管输送到蒸发器进风侧流出。
本发明的发明目的还可以通过这样的方式来实现的:一种无霜空调,包括室外机机壳,冷凝器,风机,中隔板,压缩机和变频电控模块空间,变频电控盒,压缩机,其特征是:在风机出风口设置引风风道,引风风道穿过中隔板与压缩机和变频电控模块空间相通,在压缩机和室外机机壳侧板之间设置制冷出风风道,制冷出风风道出风口穿过室外机机壳与室外机外部空间相通,风机出风通过引风风道进入压缩机和变频电控模块空间,流经压缩机,变频电控盒后,进入制冷出风风道排出室外机。
本发明在集风罩内设置有电热管。
本发明制冷出风风道和集风罩上设置有可开启关闭的风门。
本发明集风罩及送风风管采用质轻、传热快、耐腐蚀的铝合金材质制作。
本发明在压缩机与室外机机壳侧板之间设置有制冷出风风道隔板。
空调制热时,制冷出风风道风门关闭,集风罩风门开启,室外机风机启动,吸入的室外机外部的空气经蒸发器热交换后放热变冷成为冷空气,然后被风机排出室外机,由于风机排出的空气带有较强的风压,因而其中的一部分空气通过风机出风口设置的引风风道,汇集进入压缩机和变频电控模块空间,在流经压缩机,变频电控盒时,吸收压缩机机壳,变频电控盒上的热量变热成为热空气,此时制冷出风风道风门处于关闭状态,集风罩则成为压缩机和变频电控模块空间唯一的出风通道,热空气就会汇集流进集风罩经制热送风风管输送到蒸发器进风侧排出,与风机和蒸发器空间外的空气混合后形成混合空气,形成的混合空气温度要高于风机与热交换器空间外的空气,即环境空气温度,混合空气被 风机吸入,流经蒸发器上的蒸发管和热交换翅片后排出室外机,温度高于环境空气温度的混合空气流经蒸发器上的蒸发管和热交换翅片蒸发热交换,提高了蒸发器的蒸发效率,提高了制热量,与此同时,上述吸收压缩机机壳,变频电控盒上的热量变热成为热空气,起到给压缩机,变频电控模块散热降温的作用。
空调制热时,蒸发器管片表面会产生凝露水,当环境空气温度低于5-7℃,蒸发器管片表面温度会低于0℃,凝露水就会凝结成薄霜,因此,当空调在环境空气温度低于5-7℃制热时,上述与风机和蒸发器空间外的空气混合后形成的混合空气温度大于0℃时,就消除了室外机蒸发器上产生结霜的可能,空调无霜制热而成为无霜空调,此时不但不会中断或减少对室内供热,而且由于温度高于环境空气温度的混合空气流经蒸发器蒸发热交换,提高了蒸发器的蒸发能量,还会增加对室内的供热;当出现更寒冷气候的环境温度使得混合空气的温度低于0℃时,由于混合空气的温度始终高于环境温度,室外机蒸发器管片表面尽管处于低于0℃环境中会凝霜结冰,但凝霜结冰的速率将会大大降低,从而减少辅助除霜装置的开启频率和除霜时间,省电节能。本发明是通过在集风罩内设置电热管方式,提高流经集风罩的空气温度来为蒸发器管片表面除霜的,由于减少了辅助除霜装置的开启频率和除霜时间,在相同工况下,本发明的电热管除霜耗电量减少,除霜时间短而速度快,提高了空调制热时用户的舒适度。无论空调处于空气温度低于5-7℃还是高于5-7℃的环境温度下制热,本发明流经蒸发器的混合空气的温度总是高于环境空气的温度,使得室外机的蒸发效率得到提高,提高了制热能效,省电节能。
空调制冷时,制冷出风风道风门开启,集风罩风门关闭,在室外机风机作用下,室外机外部的空气经冷凝器热交换后吸热变成热空气,被风机排出室外机,室外机的空气尽快温度提高成热空气,但热空气的温度那怕是在空调工况允许最高使用环境温度43℃下的温度也仅在51℃左右,而此时的压缩机机壳表面温度将达到100℃左右,变频电控盒中的变频模块温度会接近变频模块的极限工作温度75℃,因此,热空气温度仍远低于压缩机机壳和变频电控盒表面的温度,被风机排出的一部分热空气通过风机出风口设置的引风风道,汇集进入压缩机和变电控模块空间,经过压缩机,变频电控盒时,吸收压缩机机壳,变频电控盒上的热量变成更热的热空气,此时集风罩处于关闭状态,则制冷出风风道成为压缩机和变频电控模块空间唯一的出风通道,热空气就会通过制冷出风风道流出室外机,达到为压缩机和变频电控盒散热降温的目的,压缩机和变频电控盒得到散热降温,使得压缩机和变频电控盒上的变频电控元器件始终处于一个合适的温度工况下运行,提高了压缩机和变频电控元器件性能和使用寿命。
如果空调采用的是日渐普及应用的R290等可燃制冷剂系统,当室外机压缩机和变频电控模块空间中的制冷剂管路发生泄漏或难以避免的各种密封连接处的微泄漏累积到一定浓度后,可燃制冷剂进入变频电控盒,就有可能会发生变频电控盒中的电子元器件打火引燃爆炸的危机,本发明的空调,无论制热还是制冷运行时,排出风机的一部分空气都会通过风机出风口设置的引风风道,汇集进入压缩机和变频电控模块空间,经过压缩机,变频电控盒后排出室外机,如若发生制冷剂泄漏,泄漏的制冷剂就会随时被排出室外机,从而消除了可燃制冷剂系统空调室外机发生泄漏可能引起爆炸的隐患。
本发明的引风风道穿过中隔板与压缩机和变频电控模块空间相通,也可设计为绕过中隔板与压缩机和变频电控模块空间相通,两者没有实质区别,在 压缩机和变频电控模块空间的室外机机壳上设置集风罩,也可在中隔板或压缩机和变频电控模块空间其他部位设置集风罩,都可达到将空气通过与集风罩连接的制热送风风管输送到蒸发器进风侧流出的实质目的。
本发明上述给压缩机和变频电控盒散热降温和消除可燃制冷剂系统空调室外机发生泄漏可能引起爆炸隐患的发明目的都是在现有空调的基础上无需增加耗能的情况下实现的。
本发明的送风风管为中间为长方形,两端为半圆形的扁圆管,扁圆管围绕蒸发器热管设置,通常蒸发器热管为一组平行排列的“C”型,扁圆管也设置为一组平行排列的“C”型,紧贴蒸发器热管上的散热片布置,扁圆管中间的扁平面与进入蒸发器的空气流动方向平行,扁圆管与蒸发器中热管呈同一水平线设置,扁圆管中间的长方形的短边长大至与蒸发器热管直径相同,扁圆管设置数量为蒸发器上热管数的一半,一条间隔一条地围绕蒸发器热管,这样设置的送风风管就不会增加蒸发器进风风阻,扁圆管一头与集风罩贯通连接,另一头封闭,在扁圆管的扁平面上均匀上开设一组或数组制热送风风管出风口,每组风口的数量不限,本发明建议风口为圆形,直径为3mm,每20mm开设一个风口,这样的扁圆管的设置,就会将集风罩引过来的混合空气通过扁圆管上的风口均匀地分流在整个蒸发器管片进风侧的外表面上,确保蒸发器各个位置都可获得大致均匀的混合空气进风。
在压缩机与室外机机壳侧板之间设置一制冷出风风道隔板,隔板上下与机壳顶盖和底盘闭合,隔板一边与室外机机壳相连,宽度延伸过变频电控盒,在制冷出风风道隔板与室外机机壳侧板之间的室外机机壳上开设出风口,这样,制冷出风风道隔板与室外机机壳侧板之间就形成了制冷出风风道,制冷出风风道隔板起到引导空气充分地与压缩机,变频电控盒进行热交换后进入集风罩或进入制冷出风风道的作用,制热时,制冷出风风道隔板将汇集进入压缩机和电控模块空间的空气改变流向引导进入集风罩,制冷时,制冷出风风道隔板将汇集进入压缩机和电控模块空间的空气改变流向经压缩机到变频电控盒后,拐弯折回进入制冷出风风道排出室外机。
集风罩设置在相对远离引风风道的室外机机壳的后背面板上,集风罩集风口尽量设计得大点,使于流过来的空气无阻力地汇集进入集风罩,集风罩及送风风管可采用质轻、传热快、耐腐蚀的铝合金材质制作。在制冷出风风道和集风罩上设置可开启关闭的风门及电热管启动与停止的控制为空调设计领域中公知技术,本发明不作赘述。
由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明具有如下优点和积极效果:
1,空调制热时当环境温度低到蒸发器会产生凝霜结冰的温度时,本发明可以在环境温度较低的情况下使得空调蒸发器无霜结成为无霜空调;在环境温度更低的情况下使得空调蒸发器凝霜结冰的速率降低,减少辅助除霜装置的开启频率和除霜时间,提高了空调制热的能效,省电节能。
2,无论空调处于什么样的环境温度下制热,本发明流经蒸发器的混合空气的温度总是高于环境空气的温度,使得室外机的蒸发效率得到提高,提高了空调制热能效,增加了制热量。
3,空调运行时,无论制热还是制冷,本发明都能在不增加能耗的情况下给压缩机和电控盒中变频电控元器件散热降温,提高了压缩机和变频电控元器件的性能和使用寿命。
4,本发明应用在可燃性制冷剂系统空调时,消除了空调室外机发生泄漏可能引起爆炸的隐患,确保了可燃性制冷剂系统空调的安全使用。
5,本发明上述给压缩机和变频电控盒散热降温和消除可燃制冷剂系统空调室外机发生泄漏可能引起爆炸隐患的发明目的都是在现有空调的基础上无需增加耗能的情况下实现的,具有零成本达到目的的优势。
附图说明
附图1是本发明室外机结构示意图。
附图2是本发明集风罩及送风风管示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明:
附图1,附图2中的1为制热送风风管,2为电热管,3为集风罩,4为室外机机壳,5为变频电控盒,6为压缩机,7为制冷出风风道,8为制冷出风风道隔板,9为室外机中隔板,10为引风风道,11为风机,12蒸发器,13为制热送风风管出风口。
空调制热时,空调器通电启动,制冷出风风道7的风门关闭,集风罩3的风门开启,压缩机6启动,制热回路中的制冷剂进入室外机4中的蒸发器12,在风机11的作用下,吸入空气,吸入的空气经过蒸发器12时,被吸收热量,空气变冷,变冷的空气被风机11排出室外机外,排出风机11的变冷空气具有较强的风压,设置在风机11出风口的引风风道10,就可将部分变冷的空气引入到压缩机6和变频电控模块5空间,流经压缩机6和变频电控盒5,与压缩机6和变频电控盒5发生热交换,吸收压缩机6和变频电控盒5上蓄积的热量而成为变热的热空气,变热的热空气被集风罩3汇集后经制热送风风管1到制热送风风管出风口13流出,制热送风风管出风口13上的箭头代表风口出风和出风方向,制热送风风管出风口13流出的热空气与室外机外部被吸入的空气汇合后成为混合空气,混合空气的温度将高于室外机外部被吸入的空气的温度,即高于室外机环境温度,混合空气在风机11的作用下,经过蒸发器12,被吸收热量,混合空气变冷,变冷的混合空气被风机11排出室外机外,如此循环,空调实现制热。当混合空气的温度低到不足以抑制蒸发器上的管片凝霜时,启动电热管2,提高流经集风罩的空气温度,从而提高混合空气的温度来为蒸发器管片表面除霜。
制冷时,空调器通电启动,制冷出风风道风门开启,集风罩风门关闭,压缩机6启动,蒸发器12成为冷凝器,制冷回路中的制冷剂进入室外机4中的冷凝器12,在风机11的作用下吸入空气,吸入的空气经过冷凝器12时,被吸收冷量,空气变热成为热空气,空气尽管温度提高成热空气,但热空气的温度仍低于压缩机机壳和变频电控盒表面的温度,热空气被风机11排出室外机外,设置在风机11出风口的引风风道10,将部分热空气引入到压缩机6和变频电控模块5空间,流经压缩机6和变频电控盒5时,与压缩机6和变频电控盒5发生热交换,吸收压缩机6和变频电控盒5上蓄积的热量,经制冷出风风道7排出室外,如此循环,达到压缩机6和变频电控盒5散热降温的目的。
附图中的箭头代表该处进风出风和进出风方向,虚线箭头为制冷时热空气流出制冷出风风道的流动线路,实施例说明中的变频电控模块即为变频电控盒。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种无霜空调,包括室外机机壳,蒸发器,风机,中隔板,压缩机和变频电控模块空间,变频电控盒,压缩机,其特征是:在风机出风口设置引风风道,引风风道穿过中隔板与压缩机和变频电控模块空间相通,在压缩机和变频电控模块空间的室外机机壳上设置集风罩,集风罩连接制热送风风管,风机出风通过引风风道进入压缩机和变频电控模块空间,流经压缩机,变频电控盒后,进入集风罩由制热送风风管输送到蒸发器进风侧流出。
  2. 一种无霜空调,包括室外机机壳,冷凝器,风机,中隔板,压缩机和变频电控模块空间,变频电控盒,压缩机,其特征是:在风机出风口设置引风风道,引风风道穿过中隔板与压缩机和变频电控模块空间相通,在压缩机和室外机机壳侧板之间设置制冷出风风道,制冷出风风道出风口穿过室外机机壳与室外机外部空间相通,风机出风通过引风风道进入压缩机和变频电控模块空间,流经压缩机,变频电控盒后,进入制冷出风风道排出室外机。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的无霜空调,其特征是:集风罩和制热送风风管为铝合金制成。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的无霜空调机,其特征是:集风罩内设置有电热管。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的无霜空调,其特征是:集风罩风口设置有可开启关闭的风门。
  6. 根据权利要求1或根据权利要求2所述的无霜空调,其特征是:压缩机与室外机机壳侧板之间设置有制冷出风风道隔板。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的无霜空调,其特征是:制冷出风风道上设置有可开启关闭的风门。
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