WO2018076286A1 - 一种立体雕刻机 - Google Patents

一种立体雕刻机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018076286A1
WO2018076286A1 PCT/CN2016/103804 CN2016103804W WO2018076286A1 WO 2018076286 A1 WO2018076286 A1 WO 2018076286A1 CN 2016103804 W CN2016103804 W CN 2016103804W WO 2018076286 A1 WO2018076286 A1 WO 2018076286A1
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rail
engraving
slider
longitudinal
movement
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PCT/CN2016/103804
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈海涛
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陈海涛
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Priority to PCT/CN2016/103804 priority Critical patent/WO2018076286A1/zh
Publication of WO2018076286A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018076286A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23C—MILLING
    • B23C1/00—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations
    • B23C1/08—Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations with a plurality of vertical working-spindles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
    • B44B1/00—Artist's machines or apparatus equipped with tools or work holders moving or able to be controlled three-dimensionally for making single sculptures or models
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING
    • B44B1/00—Artist's machines or apparatus equipped with tools or work holders moving or able to be controlled three-dimensionally for making single sculptures or models
    • B44B1/06—Accessories

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an engraving process processing device in the mechanical field, in particular to an engraving device for processing the surface of an object.
  • Engraving is a kind of drilling and milling combined processing from the principle of processing. It has a wide range of applications, including woodworking engraving machine, laser engraving machine, advertising engraving machine, jade engraving machine, stone engraving machine and cylindrical engraving machine.
  • the three-dimensional engraving machine is an industry classification of engraving machine. It is an emerging numerical control equipment in recent years. Its working principle is very similar to that of CNC milling machine. By controlling the three axes, the effect of automatic engraving is achieved. It is very extensive and even replaces the hand-engraving technology, which lays the foundation for the rapid production of large quantities of products.
  • the ordinary engraving machine only fixes the tool holder on the beam, and the processing is simple.
  • the connection between the tool holder and the beam is complicated, the precision is not enough, the phenomenon of the knife is easy to occur, the product is scrapped, and the engraving machine has a single function.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a 360-degree multi-directional three-dimensional engraving machine capable of increasing engraving precision, improving production efficiency, and simultaneously engraving.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is:
  • a three-dimensional engraving machine includes a frame, an engraving mechanism disposed on the frame, and a driving mechanism for driving the engraving machine;
  • the frame includes a base, a column, and a beam; and the engraving mechanism includes an engraving platform and a tool holder
  • the driving mechanism comprises a longitudinal rail, an intermediate rail, a lifting rail, a driving motor, a slider and a pallet.
  • the column is arranged on both sides of the base, and the bottoms of the two columns are fixedly connected through the bottom beam, and the tops of the two columns are fixedly connected by a beam, and a spacer is externally connected at the bottom of the column to increase the contact area of the column.
  • the tool holder is connected to the intermediate rail by using a pallet and a slider.
  • the tool holder is located above the engraving platform.
  • the tool holder can be rotated by 360 degrees in the vertical direction by the motor drive and the cutter is connected to the tool holder through the coaxial mechanism. Can be replaced.
  • a support crossbar is placed under the engraving platform, and both ends are limited to prevent the work platform from moving out of the guide rail.
  • the longitudinal rail has two pairs, the first longitudinal rail is fixedly connected to the base horizontally and in parallel, and the first longitudinal rail is provided with a first slider, and the upper end surface of the first slider is fixedly connected with a pair of horizontally longitudinal a second longitudinal rail disposed in parallel, and two top ends of the second longitudinal rail are connected to form a rectangular shape fixed to the upper end surface of the first slider, and driven by the movement of the first slider on the first rail
  • the movement of the two guide rails is the longitudinal movement of the entire engraving platform; the lower end surface of the second slider is located above the second rail, and the upper end surface is fixedly connected with the clamped limit fixture, and the second slider is on the second rail
  • the longitudinal movement is to drive the longitudinal movement of the clamped limit clamp.
  • One end of the pallet is attached to the tool holder, the tool holder can be rotated 360 degrees and the tool is replaced, the other end of the pallet is fixed at one end of the slider, and the other end of the slider is connected to the intermediate rail, and can be horizontally on the intermediate rail. Moving, moving the slider on the middle rail to drive the left and right movement of the entire tool holder;
  • the lifting rails are arranged on the two sides of the column, and the two ends of the middle rail are connected to the lifting rail by the slider. Under the action of the motor driving, the slider moves up and down along the lifting rail to drive the upper rail to move up and down to drive the whole tool.
  • the frame and the tool move up and down.
  • the length of the first longitudinal rail of the base is greater than the length of the front edge of the second longitudinal rail, the length of the base is consistent with the length of the first longitudinal rail, the first longitudinal rail adopts a solid structure, and the second longitudinal rail adopts a hollow structure.
  • Both the column and the beam are also hollow.
  • the upper part of the engraving machine adopts a hollow structure, and the base adopts a solid structure, so that the center of gravity of the whole engraving machine is low, so that the engraving machine is relatively stable during operation and improves the engraving precision.
  • the connection coordination relationship between the cutter holder and the pallet is relatively simple, that is to say, The parts between the tool holder and the pallet are less and the weight is lighter, so that the tool holder can be more stable relative
  • the beam is moved to improve the substantially stepped shape of the engraving and engraving platform and the base, which reduces the occupied space of the bottom position of the engraving machine, and the center of gravity is concentrated on the base, so that the workpiece is driven by the engraving platform.
  • the translation movement is more stable, and the engraving precision is improved.
  • the coaxial swing is set on the tool holder, and the cutter can perform 360-degree rotary engraving and tool change operation, which makes the engraving machine have wider application range and higher efficiency
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a three-dimensional engraving machine.
  • Figure 2 is a front elevational view of the stereo engraving machine.
  • Fig. 3 is a side view of the stereo engraving machine.
  • FIG. 4 is a plan view of a three-dimensional engraving machine.
  • the three-dimensional engraving machine shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 includes a frame, an engraving mechanism disposed on the frame, and a driving mechanism that drives the engraving machine to operate.
  • the frame comprises a base 1, a column 2 disposed on both sides of the base 1, a beam 12, and a bottom beam 13.
  • the column 2 is disposed on both sides of the base 1 and the bottoms of the two columns 2 are fixedly connected by the bottom beam 13.
  • the tops of the two columns 2 are fixedly connected by the beam 12, and the bottom of the column 2 is also externally connected with a block. 18, increase the contact area of the column.
  • the engraving mechanism When the engraving machine is in operation, the engraving mechanism includes an engraving platform 17, a tool holder 8, and a clamped limit fixture 7.
  • the tool holder 8 is connected to the intermediate rail 11 by means of a pallet 9 and a slider.
  • the cutter holder 8 is located above the engraving platform 17.
  • the cutter holder 8 can be rotated by a motor in a vertical direction by 360 degrees and the cutter passes through the coaxial linkage hole.
  • 10 is attached to the tool holder 8 and the tool can be replaced;
  • a support rail 14 is disposed below the engraving platform 17, and both ends are limited to prevent the working platform from moving out of the guide rail;
  • the drive mechanism includes longitudinal rails 3, 5, intermediate rails 11, drive motors, pallets 9, sliders 4, 6, and lift rails 15.
  • the longitudinal rails 3, 5 have two pairs, the first longitudinal rails 3 are horizontally and parallelly fixedly connected to the base 1, and the first longitudinal rails 3 are mounted with a first slider 4, in the first sliding
  • the upper end surface of the block 4 is fixedly connected to a pair of second longitudinal rails 5 arranged in parallel in the horizontal longitudinal direction, and the two ends of the second longitudinal rails 5 are joined by two cross bars 16 connected in a rectangular shape fixed to the upper end surface of the first slider 4, and
  • the movement of the second rail 5 by the movement of the first slider 4 on the first rail 3 is the longitudinal movement of the entire engraving platform 17;
  • the lower end surface of the second slider 6 is located above the second rail 3, the upper end surface a clamped limit clamp 7 is fixedly coupled to the longitudinal movement of the clamped limit clamp 7 by the longitudinal movement of the second slide 6 on the second guide rail 5;
  • One end of the pallet 9 is connected to the tool holder 8.
  • the tool holder can be rotated 360 degrees and the tool is replaced.
  • the other end of the pallet 9 is fixed at one end of the slider, and the other end of the slider is connected to the intermediate rail 11. And horizontally movable on the intermediate rail 11, and the movement of the slider on the intermediate rail 11 drives the left and right movement of the entire tool holder 8;
  • the lifting rails 15 are disposed on the two columns 2 on both sides, and the two ends of the intermediate rails 11 are connected to the lifting rails 15 through the sliders. Under the action of the motor, the slider moves up and down along the lifting rails 15 to drive the middle. The up and down movement of the guide rail 11 drives the upper and lower movement of the entire tool holder 8 and the cutter.
  • the above-described column 2 having a long length is provided to improve the balance stability when the engraving platform 17 is placed on the column 2.
  • the center of gravity of the workpiece is different, and during the process of engraving the workpiece, since the shape of the workpiece changes, the center of gravity of the workpiece also changes, and the change of the center of gravity of the workpiece is reflected on the engraving platform 17, And indirectly acting on the column 2 through the base 1, but since the length of the column 2 is long, the change of the center of gravity of the workpiece has little influence on the position of the column 2, and the stability of the column 2 at the time of engraving is improved.
  • the length of the first longitudinal rail 3 is larger than the length of the second longitudinal rail 5, and the two longitudinal rails are disposed on the engraving platform 17, it is effective without affecting the size of the engraving platform 17.
  • the size of the driving platform is reduced, thereby further reducing the size of the base 1, reducing the space occupied by the components of the engraving machine, and the center of gravity is stable, so that the workpiece is carved.
  • the translational movement performed by the engraved platform 17 is more stable, and the engraving precision is improved.
  • the column 2 and the beam 12 are both hollow structures. Under the premise of ensuring that the column 2 and the beam 12 can be firmly connected, the column 2 and the beam 12 are both made into a hollow structure, which reduces the weight of the engraving machine and facilitates the movement of the engraving machine. In addition, because the weight of the column 2 and the beam 12 is light, the motor drive is relatively easy, and the motor failure rate is reduced. At the same time, since the total mass of the components is light, it is not easy to get stuck, the operation is smoother, and the engraving precision is improved.

Abstract

一种立体雕刻机，解决了现有的立体雕刻机雕刻精度不高的问题，包括机架和设置在机架上的雕刻平台（17），在雕刻平台（17）的上方设有用于夹紧的限位夹具（7），机架包括底座（1）和设置在底座（1）两侧的立柱（2），横梁（12）连接两立柱（2），在底座（1）上设有带动雕刻平台（17）沿水平纵向往复移动的纵向电机，横梁（12）与立柱（2）之间固定连接，平行的立柱（2）设有水平横向导轨（11）连接，刀具架（8）跟导轨（11）用托板（9）连接。刀具由电机同轴联动驱动可前后摆动，进行多角度立体加工，提高了雕刻精度，适合复杂的雕刻工艺。

Description

一种立体雕刻机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种机械领域雕刻工艺加工设备，特别涉及物体表面加工的雕刻设备。
背景技术
雕刻从加工原理上讲是一种钻铣组合加工，其应用范围广泛，有木工雕刻机、激光雕刻机、广告雕刻机、玉石雕刻机、石材雕刻机、圆柱雕刻机等。立体雕刻机是雕刻机的一个行业分类，是近几年新兴的一种数控设备，其工作原理和数控铣床很相似，通过控制三个轴动作，从而达到自动雕刻的效果，立体雕刻机应用范围非常广泛，甚至替代了手工雕刻技术，为产品的大批量快速生产奠定了基础。
普通的雕刻机只是将刀具架固定在横梁上，加工简单的工艺，刀具架跟横梁连接复杂，精度不够，容易出现扎刀的现象，造成产品报废，且雕刻机功能单一。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种能够增加雕刻精度，提高生产效率，同步雕刻的360度多方位立体雕刻机。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案为：
一种立体雕刻机，包括机架，设置在机架上的雕刻机构以及驱动雕刻机工作的驱动机构；所述的机架包括底座，立柱，横梁；所述的雕刻机构包括雕刻平台，刀具架，夹紧的限位夹具；所述的驱动机构包括纵向导轨，中间导轨，升降导轨，驱动电机，滑块，托板。立柱设置在底座两侧，并且通过底梁将两立柱的底部固定连接起来，通过横梁将连接两立柱的顶部固定连接，在立柱的底部还外接有垫块，增加立柱的接触面积。
刀具架利用托板和滑块连接于中间导轨上，刀具架位于雕刻平台的上方，刀具架通过电机驱动可以在竖直方向进行360度旋转雕刻且刀具通过同轴机构连在刀具架上，刀具可以进行更换。雕刻平台的下方放置有一个支撑横杆，两端都有限位装置，防止工作平台移出导轨。
纵向导轨有两对，第一纵向导轨水平且平行固定连接在底座上，在所述的第一纵向导轨上装有第一滑块，在所述第一滑块上端面固定连接一对沿水平纵向平行设置的第二纵向导轨，并且第二纵向导轨两顶端增加两个横杆连接成一个矩形固定在第一滑块的上端面，且通过第一滑块在第一导轨上的运动来带动第二导轨的运动也就是整个雕刻平台的纵向运动；第二滑块的下端面位于第二导轨之上，上端面上固定连接有夹紧的限位夹具，通过第二滑块在第二导轨上的纵向运动来驱动夹紧的限位夹具的纵向运动。
托板一端连在刀具架上，刀具架可以进行360度旋转和更换刀具，托板的另一端固定在滑块的一端，滑块的另一端连接在中间导轨上，并且可以在中间导轨上水平移动，通过滑块在中间导轨上的移动从而带动整个刀具架的左右移动；
升降导轨设置在两侧的立柱上，中间导轨的两端通过滑块连接在升降导轨上，在电机驱动的作用下，滑块沿着升降导轨上下移动，带动中间导轨的上下移动从而带动整个刀具架和刀具的上下移动。
底座的第一纵向导轨长度大于第二纵向导轨的前边沿长度，底座长度与第一纵向导轨长度一致，第一纵向导轨采用实心结构，第二纵向导轨采用空心结构。
立柱和横梁也均采用空心结构。
本发明的优点在于：
本雕刻机上部采用空心结构，底座采用实心结构，使得整台雕刻机的重心较低，从而使得雕刻机在运行时较为平稳，提高雕刻精度。同时，由于刀具架和托板之间采用同轴联动，相比于背景技术中所提到立体雕刻机，本雕刻机中，刀具架和托板之间的连接配合关系较为简单，也就是说，刀具架和托板之间的零部件较少，重量较轻，使得刀具架能更为稳定的相对 于横梁移动，从而提高本雕刻雕刻平台和底座结合成的大致呈阶梯的形状，减小了雕刻机底部位置的占用空间，重心集中到底座上，从而使得工件在雕刻平台的带动下所进行的平移动作更为稳定，提高雕刻精度；在刀具架上设置了同轴摆动，刀具可以进行360度旋转雕刻和换刀操作，使得本雕刻机适用范围更广，效率更高。
附图说明
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
图1是立体雕刻机的立体图。
图2是立体雕刻机的正视图。
图3是立体雕刻机的侧视图。
图4是立体雕刻机的俯视图。
如上述图中所示：1、底座；2、立柱；3、第一纵向导轨；4、第一滑块；5、第二纵向导轨；6、第二滑块；7、夹紧的限位夹具；8、刀具架；9,、托板；10、同轴联动孔；11、中间导轨；12、横梁；13底梁；14、支撑横杆；15、升降导轨；16横杆；17、雕刻平台、18外接垫块。
具体实施方式
下面的实施例可以使本专业的技术人员更全面地理解本发明，但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
如图1至图4所示的立体雕刻机，包括机架，设置在机架上的雕刻机构以及驱动雕刻机工作的驱动机构。其中，机架包括底座1，设置在底座1两侧的立柱2，横梁12，底梁13。所述的立柱2设置在底座1两侧，并且通过底梁13将两立柱2的底部固定连接起来，通过横梁12将连接两立柱2的顶部固定连接，在立柱2的底部还外接有垫块18，增加立柱的接触面积。
在雕刻机工作的时候，雕刻机构包括雕刻平台17，刀具架8，夹紧的限位夹具7。刀具架8利用托板9和滑块连接于中间导轨11上，刀具架8位于雕刻平台17的上方，刀具架8通过电机驱动可以在竖直方向进行360度旋转雕刻且刀具通过同轴联动孔10连在刀具架8上，刀具可以进行更换； 所述的雕刻平台17的下方放置有一个支撑横杆14，两端都有限位装置，防止工作平台移出导轨；
驱动机构包括纵向导轨3,5，中间导轨11，驱动电机，托板9，滑块4,6，升降导轨15。所述的纵向导轨3,5有两对，第一纵向导轨3水平且平行固定连接在底座1上，在所述的第一纵向导轨3上装有第一滑块4，在所述第一滑块4上端面固定连接一对沿水平纵向平行设置的第二纵向导轨5，并且第二纵向导轨5两顶端增加两个横杆16连接成一个矩形固定在第一滑块4的上端面，且通过第一滑块4在第一导轨3上的运动来带动第二导轨5的运动也就是整个雕刻平台17的纵向运动；第二滑块6的下端面位于第二导轨3之上，上端面上固定连接有夹紧的限位夹具7，通过第二滑块6在第二导轨5上的纵向运动来驱动夹紧的限位夹具7的纵向运动；
所述的托板9一端连在刀具架8上，刀具架可以进行360度旋转和更换刀具，托板9的另一端固定在滑块的一端，滑块的另一端连接在中间导轨11上，并且可以在中间导轨11上水平移动，通过滑块在中间导轨11上的移动从而带动整个刀具架8的左右移动；
所述的升降导轨15设置在两侧的立柱2上，中间导轨11的两端通过滑块连接在升降导轨15上，在电机驱动的作用下，滑块沿着升降导轨15上下移动，带动中间导轨11的上下移动从而带动整个刀具架8和刀具的上下移动。
在上述的立体雕刻机中，所述的设置长度较长的立柱2，提高雕刻平台17位于立柱2上时的平衡稳定性。当不同的工件放置在雕刻平台上时，工件的重心不同，并且，当雕刻工件的过程中，由于工件形状发生变化，工件的重心也会发生变化，工件重心的变化反应在雕刻平台17上，并通过底座1间接的作用在立柱2上，但由于立柱2长度较长，工件重心的变化对立柱2的位置影响较小，提高了雕刻时的立柱2的稳定性。
在上述的立体雕刻机中，由于第一纵向导轨3的长度大于第二纵向导轨5的长度，且两纵向导轨是设置在雕刻平台上17的，在不影响雕刻平台17尺寸的前提下，有效减小了驱动平台的尺寸，从而更加减小了底座1的尺寸，减小雕刻机底部零部件占用的空间，重心平稳，从而使得工件在雕 刻平台17的带动下所进行的平移动作更为稳定，提高雕刻精度。
在上述的立体雕刻机中，所述的立柱2和横梁12均为空心结构。在保证立柱2和横梁12能牢固的起连接作用的前提下，将立柱2和横梁12均设为空心结构，减小了雕刻机的重量，方便雕刻机移动。另外，由于立柱2和横梁12的重量较轻，使电机驱动较为容易，降低了电机故障率，同时，由于零部件总质量较轻，不容易卡顿，运行更为流畅，提高雕刻精度。
本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种立体雕刻机，其特征在于：包括机架，设置在机架上的雕刻机构以及驱动雕刻机工作的驱动机构；
    所述的机架包括底座，底梁，立柱，横梁；所述的立柱设置在底座两侧，并且通过底梁将两立柱的底部固定连接起来，通过横梁将连接两立柱的顶部固定连接，在立柱的底部还外接有垫块，增加立柱的接触面积；
    所述的雕刻机构包括雕刻平台，刀具架，夹紧的限位夹具；所述的刀具架利用托板和滑块连接于中间导轨上，刀具架位于雕刻平台的上方，刀具架通过电机驱动可以在竖直方向进行360度旋转雕刻且刀具通过同轴机构连在刀具架上，刀具可以进行更换；所述的雕刻平台的下方放置有一个支撑横杆，两端都有限位装置，防止工作平台移出导轨；
    所述的驱动机构包括纵向导轨，中间导轨，驱动电机，托板，滑块，升降导轨；所述的纵向导轨有两对，第一纵向导轨水平且平行固定连接在底座上，在所述的第一纵向导轨上装有第一滑块，在所述第一滑块上端面固定连接一对沿水平纵向平行设置的第二纵向导轨，并且第二纵向导轨两顶端增加两个横杆连接成一个矩形固定在第一滑块的上端面，且通过第一滑块在第一导轨上的运动来带动第二导轨的运动也就是整个雕刻平台的纵向运动；第二滑块的下端面位于第二导轨之上，上端面上固定连接有夹紧的限位夹具，通过第二滑块在第二导轨上的纵向运动来驱动夹紧的限位夹具的纵向运动；
    所述的托板一端连在刀具架上，刀具架可以进行360度旋转和更换刀具，托板的另一端固定在滑块的一端，滑块的另一端连接在中间导轨上，并且可以在中间导轨上水平移动，通过滑块在中间导轨上的移动从而带动整个刀具架的左右移动；
    所述的升降导轨设置在两侧的立柱上，中间导轨的两端通过滑块连接在升降导轨上，在电机驱动的作用下，滑块沿着升降导轨上下移动，带动中间导轨的上下移动从而带动整个刀具架和刀具的上下移动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的立体雕刻机，其特征在于：所述底座的第一纵 向导轨长度大于第二纵向导轨的前边沿长度，底座长度与第一纵向导轨长度一致，第一纵向导轨采用实心结构，第二纵向导轨采用空心结构。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的立体雕刻机，其特征在于：所述的立柱和横梁均采用空心结构。
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CN108682276A (zh) * 2018-06-15 2018-10-19 河池学院 一种机器人推送雕刻演示装置
CN108858534A (zh) * 2018-07-28 2018-11-23 广州品鑫机电科技有限公司 一种榫头加工装置
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