WO2018070061A1

WO2018070061A1 - Acid hydrogen generating device, and hybrid vehicle or fuel-cell vehicle provided with acid hydrogen generating device

Info

Publication number: WO2018070061A1
Application number: PCT/JP2017/004713
Authority: WO
Inventors: 正裕井尻
Original assignee: 正裕井尻
Priority date: 2016-10-13
Filing date: 2017-02-09
Publication date: 2018-04-19
Also published as: JP6097987B1; JP2018062688A

Abstract

[Problem] An acid hydrogen generating device which applies ultrasonic vibration in order to prevent reduction in electrolysis efficiency due to foam or precipitates attaching to electrodes through the electrolysis of water, one problem is that, due to a problem with ultrasonic vibration, electrodes cannot be arranged in a laminate manner. [Solution] This acid hydrogen generating device is provided with: a negative electrode and positive electrode arranged in a laminate manner inside of an electrolyte tank; a DC power source which applies a DC voltage between the electrodes; the electrolysis means configured from an electrolyte control means and a gas capture means; and an ultrasonic wave generating means configured from an ultrasonic oscillator and a high frequency wave generator that ultrasonically vibrates the ultrasonic oscillator. In the electrolysis means, the negative electrode and the positive electrode are arranged on a cylindrical surface or a flat surface perpendicular to the direction of propagation of the ultrasonic vibration generated by the ultrasonic oscillator. The electrodes are slat-shape or grid-shape, and further, the negative electrode is arranged a distance an odd multiple, and the positive electrode an even multiple, of 1/4 of the ultrasonic wavelength from the vibrating surface of the ultrasonic oscillator.

Description

An oxyhydrogen generator and a hybrid vehicle or a fuel cell vehicle including the oxyhydrogen generator.

The present invention relates to an oxyhydrogen generator provided with an ultrasonic generator, and a hybrid vehicle or a fuel cell vehicle provided with the oxyhydrogen generator.

By propagating ultrasonic vibrations in the liquid, cleaning is performed by cavitation due to bubbles generated by fluctuations in the sound pressure (positive pressure and negative pressure) of the ultrasonic vibrations, or by acceleration of the electrolyte due to the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibrations, etc. Ultrasonic cleaners are commercially available. The cavitation becomes weak at high frequencies, the acceleration is proportional to the square of the frequency, and the region suitable for cleaning is determined by the wavelength (λ) in the liquid. There is a commercially available ultrasonic humidifier that concentrates ultrasonic energy on the liquid surface and scatters droplets with ultrasonic energy for atomization. The higher the frequency of ultrasonic vibration, the smaller the particles and the electrical The amount of atomization increases as the energy increases. High-frequency generator is used to vibrate ultrasonic vibrations on the surface of the ultrasonic oscillator and propagate the ultrasonic vibrations to the electrolyte. An electrolysis apparatus (Patent Document 1) that can perform electrolysis well and can easily separate and recover the gas generated at the anode and the gas generated at the cathode by providing a partition film between the cathode and the anode. There is an electrolyzed water generator (Patent Document 2). Since the difference in acoustic impedance between the electrolytic solution and the metal electrode is large, the ultrasonic vibration is reflected by the electrode. Therefore, the electrolyzers in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 described above increase the amount of gas generated. A plurality of electrodes cannot be provided in layers. A grid-like anode is placed on one side with a cation exchange membrane in between, and a cathode made of a plurality of grid-like stainless steel plates is placed on the other side. There is an electrode cleaning method (Patent Document 3) that dissolves and removes calcium in feed water using an organic acid in the presence of vacuum cavitation. Since the grid-like cathode and anode are integrated in the presence of vacuum cavitation, the bubble-like gas adhering to the anode where little precipitation occurs, as in the present invention, is efficiently generated from the electrode. There is a problem in that high electrolysis efficiency cannot be obtained because it cannot be lifted well apart. The ultrasonic vibration used in these patent documents is a longitudinal wave that is propagated to water or an electrolytic solution (hereinafter referred to as an electrolytic solution) by vibration of the surface of the ultrasonic oscillator, and various effects such as the cleaning action are obtained. is there.

Electrolysis in which water is electrolyzed by regenerative power and / or power supplied from solar cells in an electric motor-driven vehicle that travels by the output of an electric motor that is driven by obtaining power from a fuel cell that uses hydrogen gas as fuel. And a hydrogen fuel tank for storing hydrogen gas generated by the electrolysis means, and there is a vehicle fuel cell system (Patent Document 4) that supplies the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen gas tank to the fuel cell. Since water is electrolyzed with regenerative power to generate and store hydrogen gas, the electrolysis means having a small size and a large electrolysis capacity is eagerly desired for mounting in a vehicle.

There is hydrogen that can be generated by electrolysis of water or oxyhydrogen gas that is a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen as a fuel that does not generate carbon dioxide in the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines, but water is electrolyzed into oxygen and hydrogen. Therefore, it is difficult to improve fuel efficiency even if only oxyhydrogen gas is used as the fuel for the internal combustion engine. There is a supercharging device for an internal combustion engine that uses an air flow amplifier based on a driving flow as a supercharging means, and the driving flow of the air flow amplifier is a compressor system that uses compressed air from a compressor driven by the internal combustion engine, and There are an EGR system that uses the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine and a fluid internal pressure system (Patent Document 5) that uses an internal pressure of pressure storage fuel such as hydrogen, LNG, and LPG that has been stored under pressure. Therefore, supercharging and fuel mixing (premixing) can be performed simultaneously in the intake system. The explosion limit (volume%) of hydrogen in the air is 4% to 75%, and the gasoline is 1.4% to 7.5%. It is possible to improve the flammability of a main fuel having a large energy density such as gasoline or LPG having a narrow limit range and improve the power performance of an internal combustion engine such as a lean burn engine.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-313693 JP-A-8-89967 JP-A-8-27587 JP-A-7-99707 Patent 5938755

In the oxyhydrogen generator for applying ultrasonic vibration to prevent the gas in the liquid generated in the electrode by electrolysis of water and the deposit deposited on the cathode from adhering to the electrode and making it difficult for the current to flow, If the electrodes are arranged in a layer perpendicular to the propagation direction of the ultrasonic vibration, the ultrasonic vibration is reflected by the first layer electrode and does not propagate to the second and subsequent electrodes. There is a problem that the reduction in electrolytic efficiency cannot be prevented, and the oxyhydrogen generator cannot be reduced in size.

[Claim 1] A cathode and an anode arranged in layers in an electrolytic cell, a DC power source for applying a DC voltage between the cathode and the anode, an electrolyte control means for controlling supply of the electrolyte, and electrolysis Gas collecting means for collecting the gas generated by the electrolysis means, an ultrasonic oscillator, and a high-frequency generator for ultrasonically vibrating the ultrasonic oscillator by an electric means An oxyhydrogen generator comprising: an ultrasonic generation means for: an electrolysis means, wherein the electrolysis means causes the cathode and the anode to be on a plane perpendicular to a propagation direction of ultrasonic vibrations oscillated from the ultrasonic oscillator or The cathode and the anode are arranged on a cylindrical surface so that ultrasonic vibrations can propagate through the cathode and the anode, and the slats or grids are formed. An odd multiple of one quarter of the wave length In the oxyhydrogen generator, the cathode is disposed at a distance, and the anode is disposed at an even multiple of a quarter of an ultrasonic wavelength.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the ultrasonic generator of the oxyhydrogen generator, a second ultrasonic oscillator is provided at a distance that is an even multiple of 1/4 of the ultrasonic wavelength in the propagation direction of the ultrasonic vibration from the cathode. 2. The oxyhydrogen generator according to claim 1, wherein the high-frequency generator can switch between the frequency of the ultrasonic wave and a frequency twice as high as the frequency of the ultrasonic wave.

[Claim 3] The bubble induction means for preventing the gas generated from the cathode and the anode by electrolysis from flowing out into the electrolyte space where the ultrasonic vibration propagates in the electrolysis means of the oxyhydrogen generator The oxyhydrogen generator according to

claim

1 or 2, wherein the oxyhydrogen generator is provided.

A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a regenerative unit including a secondary battery and a motor / generator, an oxyhydrogen generator that is operated by electrical means of the regenerative unit, and an oxyhydrogen or hydrogen generated by the oxyhydrogen generator, In a hybrid vehicle that supplies oxygen to the intake air of an internal combustion engine, or a fuel cell vehicle that supplies fuel cells, the oxyhydrogen generator includes a cathode and an anode arranged in layers in an electrolytic cell, and the cathode and the anode. An electrolysis means comprising: a DC power source for applying a DC voltage therebetween; an electrolyte control means for controlling the supply of the electrolyte; and a gas collection means for collecting a gas generated by electrolysis; An ultrasonic generator comprising: an ultrasonic oscillator; and a high-frequency generator configured to vibrate the ultrasonic oscillator by an electric means, and the electrolyzing means includes the cathode and the anode, An ultrasonic oscillator Arranged on a plane or cylindrical surface perpendicular to the propagation direction of the oscillating ultrasonic vibration, the cathode and the anode are slat-shaped or grid-shaped so that the ultrasonic vibration can propagate through the electrode, and The cathode is disposed at a distance that is an odd multiple of a quarter of the ultrasonic wavelength from the vibration surface of the ultrasonic oscillator, and the anode is disposed at a distance that is an even multiple of a quarter of the ultrasonic wavelength. A hybrid vehicle or a fuel cell vehicle.

In the oxyhydrogen generator according to claim 1 of the present invention, the cathode and the anode are arranged on a plane or a cylindrical surface perpendicular to the propagation direction of the ultrasonic vibration oscillated from the ultrasonic oscillator. Since the cathode and the anode are slat-like or grid-like so that they can propagate through the electrode, and the electrodes can be arranged in layers to increase the arrangement density of the electrodes, the oxyhydrogen generator can be downsized. is there. Further, since the cathode is disposed at an odd number times a quarter of the ultrasonic wavelength from the vibration surface of the ultrasonic oscillator, the amplitude and sound pressure of ultrasonic vibration described later (explained in FIG. 3). Therefore, due to fluctuations in the sound pressure of ultrasonic vibration (positive pressure and negative pressure), bubbles generated in the electrode repeatedly expand and contract and rise away from the electrode, and the negative cavitation is acoustic cavitation. The gas dissolved in the electrolyte due to the pressure appears without melting, forming bubbles, and when the bubbles disappear when the bubbles disappear due to fluctuation from negative pressure to positive pressure, the electrode due to its intense destruction With this cleaning action, there is an action of peeling and removing the deposits adhering to the electrode. Since the anode is disposed at a distance that is an even multiple of 1/4 of the ultrasonic wavelength from the vibration surface of the ultrasonic oscillator, the electrolyte reciprocates in the propagation direction of the ultrasonic vibration due to the ultrasonic vibration. There is a bubble detachment action in which bubbles generated at the electrode rise away from the electrode. By these actions, there is an effect of preventing a decrease in electrolytic efficiency by accelerating the detachment of bubbles generated in the electrode by ultrasonic vibration and the separation and removal of the deposit attached to the electrode. By arranging the electrodes in a layered manner, the arrangement density of the electrodes can be increased, and the oxyhydrogen generator can be miniaturized by the effect of preventing the electrolytic efficiency from being lowered, and can be easily mounted on a moving means such as a vehicle.

The oxyhydrogen generator according to claim 2 of the present invention is the ultrasonic generator of the oxyhydrogen generator, wherein the ultrasonic generator of the oxyhydrogen generator is located at a distance that is an even multiple of one-fourth of the ultrasonic wavelength in the propagation direction of ultrasonic vibration from the cathode. Or by the cavitation acting on the electrodes by switching the frequency between the ultrasonic frequency and twice the frequency of the ultrasonic wave. Since the cleaning action or the bubble detachment action due to the reciprocating motion of the electrolyte depending on the amplitude of the ultrasonic vibration can be selected according to the operating conditions, the electrolytic efficiency is prevented from being lowered and the electrode is prevented from being used unnecessarily due to the cleaning action. .

The oxyhydrogen generator according to claim 3 of the present invention is provided with bubble guiding means for preventing the gas generated from the cathode and the anode by electrolysis from flowing out into the electrolyte space through which the ultrasonic vibration propagates, Since the difference in acoustic impedance between the electrolyte and the generated gas is large, vibration is reflected at the boundary surface (bubble surface) between the generated gas and the propagation of ultrasonic vibration is prevented, and the ultrasonic vibration causes It prevents the function of the peeling and removing action of the deposits adhering to the electrode and the bubble detaching action.

According to claim 4 of the present invention, desorption of bubbles generated in the electrode by ultrasonic vibration and separation and removal of deposits attached to the electrode are prevented to prevent a reduction in electrolysis efficiency. By increasing the density and downsizing the oxyhydrogen generator, there is an effect that it can be easily mounted on the following vehicle. The following vehicles provided with the oxyhydrogen generator electrically operated by regenerative means including a secondary battery and a motor / generator can supply oxyhydrogen or oxygen and hydrogen on demand by electrolysis. By converting the electric energy to be converted into gaseous fuel by electrolysis, the maximum stored electric energy of the vehicle can be reduced, so that the electric capacity of the secondary battery can be reduced, and the size and cost can be reduced. In a hybrid vehicle including the regeneration means and the internal combustion engine, the oxyhydrogen or hydrogen generated by the oxyhydrogen generator is supplied to the intake air of the internal combustion engine, thereby improving the combustibility of the main fuel in the internal combustion engine. As a result, fuel efficiency is improved, and the main fuel is cut at low speed and low load, and low speed low load operation using only hydrogen fuel can be performed. In the fuel cell vehicle equipped with the regenerative means and the fuel cell, the hydrogen and oxygen generated by the oxyhydrogen generator are separately supplied to the fuel cell, so that oxygen is supplied instead of the air from the air cleaner. The power generation efficiency of the battery is improved.

Description of the configuration concept of the oxyhydrogen generator in Example 1 (corresponding to claim 1) in which a cathode is provided at an odd multiple of 1/4 of the ultrasonic wavelength from the ultrasonic oscillator, and an anode is provided at an even multiple. FIG. FIG. 3 is a plan view of a slat-like electrode (a) and grid-like electrodes (b) and (c) according to an embodiment of the electrode shown in the arrow M in Example 1 (FIG. 1). FIG. 2C is an explanatory diagram of the amplitude and sound pressure of ultrasonic vibrations of the oxyhydrogen generator of Example 1 (FIG. 1), and an explanatory diagram of each action (d1 to d3) depending on the phase of the ultrasonic waves during electrolysis. is there. It is a block diagram of the oxyhydrogen generator which provided the 2nd ultrasonic oscillator in the distance of the even multiple of 1/4 of the ultrasonic wavelength from the cathode of Example 2 (corresponding to claim 2). It is a block diagram of the oxyhydrogen generator which can switch the frequency of the high frequency generator of Example 3 (corresponding to claim 2) between a predetermined frequency and a frequency twice the predetermined frequency. It is a control flowchart of the oxyhydrogen generator 6f of the said Example 3 (FIG. 5). It is a block diagram of the oxyhydrogen generator of Example 4 (corresponding to claim 3) provided with bubble guiding means for preventing the generated gas from flowing out into the electrolyte space where ultrasonic vibration propagates. FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a bubble guide plate, a cathode provided with bubble guide protrusions, and an anode, which are bubble guide means of the oxyhydrogen generator of Example 4 (FIG. 7). It is explanatory drawing of the bubble guidance effect | action of the electrode which provided the bubble guidance plate and the bubble guidance protrusion of the bubble guidance means (FIG. 8) of the said Example 4. FIG. Example 5 (corresponding to claim 4) of a hybrid vehicle 8n (lower diagram (N)) provided with an oxyhydrogen generator in a hybrid vehicle 8 (upper diagram (M)) equipped with a conventional supercharged internal combustion engine It is explanatory drawing of a structure concept. FIG. 10 is a schematic characteristic diagram (Mp, Np) of a power source and energy by trial calculation simulation of each hybrid vehicle (8, 8n) of the fifth embodiment (FIG. 10). It is sectional drawing of the transvector of the prior art which is an air flow amplifier of the supercharging means of the internal combustion engine of the said Example 5 (FIG. 10). FIG. 10 is a schematic characteristic diagram of a flow rate amplification ratio and a supercharging pressure by trial calculation when the air flow rate amplifier of Example 5 (FIG. 10) is a transformer vector (FIG. 12), (T) is a flow rate amplification ratio, and (Ta to Tb) Indicates the fuel concentration. Example 6 (corresponding to claim 4) is an explanatory diagram of a configuration concept of a fuel cell vehicle 9k (lower diagram (K)) in which an oxyhydrogen generator is provided in the conventional fuel cell vehicle 9 of the upper diagram (P). .

Examples (Examples 1 to 6) of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings (FIGS. 1 to 14). In the following description, since hydrogen gas has a high combustion rate, a safety device such as a backfire prevention device and an explosion proof device for preventing backfire is necessary depending on the use situation. Since it is not directly related to the operation of Examples 1 to 6), description and explanation of these safety devices are omitted.

FIG. 1 shows an oxyhydrogen having a cathode 611 at an odd multiple of a quarter of the ultrasonic wavelength from the ultrasonic oscillator 651 and an anode 612 at an even multiple of Example 1 (corresponding to claim 1). FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration concept of a generator 6. FIG. 1 shows a cathode 611 and an anode 612 arranged in layers in an electrolytic cell 614, a DC power source 613 that applies a DC voltage between the cathode 611 and the anode 612, and an electrolyte that controls the supply of the electrolyte 615. The electrolysis means 61, the ultrasonic oscillator 651, and the ultrasonic oscillation composed of the pump 617 as the control means and the control valve 618 as the gas collection means for collecting the gas generated by the electrolysis. In the oxyhydrogen generator 6 comprising the high frequency generator 652 for ultrasonically vibrating the child 651 by electric means, the electrolysis means 61 includes the cathode 611 and the anode. 612 is arranged on a plane perpendicular to the propagation direction of the ultrasonic vibration oscillated from the ultrasonic oscillator 651 so that the ultrasonic vibration can propagate through the cathode 611 and the anode 612. In addition, the cathode 611 and the anode 612 are formed in a slat shape or a grid shape, and the cathode 611 is disposed at a distance that is an odd multiple of 1/4 of the ultrasonic wavelength (λ) from the vibration surface of the ultrasonic oscillator 651. The oxyhydrogen generator 6 disposes the anode 612 at a distance that is an even multiple of a quarter of the ultrasonic wavelength (λ). As shown in FIG. 1, the liquid level of the electrolytic solution 615 in the electrolytic layer 614 is switched from the ultrasonic oscillator 651 to 5 (λ / 4) or 6 (λ / 4) depending on the operating condition.

The operation of the oxyhydrogen generator 6 in FIG. 1 is that a DC voltage is applied by a DC power source 613 between a cathode 611 and an anode 612 arranged in layers in an electrolytic cell 614 to trap gas generated by electrolysis. The ultrasonic oscillator 651 is vibrated ultrasonically by the electrolysis action of the electrolyzing means 61 that controls the outflow amount by the control valve 618 that is a collecting means and the electric means of the high frequency generator 652, and the ultrasonic vibration is It reaches the liquid level of the electrolytic solution 615. Since the difference in acoustic impedance between the electrolytic solution 615 and the collected gas is large, the ultrasonic vibration is reflected by the liquid surface of the electrolytic solution 615, and the liquid surface has a distance of 5 (λ / 4) from the ultrasonic oscillator 651. Or 6 (λ / 4), as will be described later with reference to FIG. 3, 5 (λ / 4) is an ultrasonic vibration amplitude node, and 6 (λ / 4) is an ultrasonic vibration sound pressure node. Therefore, since the phase of the reflected ultrasonic vibration and the ultrasonic vibration oscillated from the ultrasonic oscillator 651 are synchronized, the ultrasonic vibration is reflected by the liquid surface of the electrolytic solution 615 and the vibration surface of the ultrasonic oscillator 651. It becomes a standing wave (standing wave) that repeats. The liquid level of the electrolytic solution is detected by the sensor 616, and if it is not the target height, the liquid level is adjusted by operating the pump 617 to replenish the electrolytic solution. The target height is calculated as a distance of 5 (λ / 4) or 6 (λ / 4) using the wavelength (λ) of ultrasonic vibration calculated by the following equation (Equation 1). (Equation 1) λ = C / F λ: wavelength [m] C: speed of sound [m / s] F: frequency [Hz] When the frequency (F) increases, the wavelength (λ) of ultrasonic vibration decreases, and the electrode Therefore, the frequency (F) is suitably around 20 to 100 KHz, and when the frequency (F) is 20 KHz and the electrolyte is water at 20 ° C., the speed of sound ( Since C) is 1483 m / s and the wavelength (λ) of ultrasonic vibration is 74.15 mm, the arrangement interval of the electrodes is about 18.5 mm. In FIG. 1, the level of the electrolyte 615 in the electrolyte layer 614 is the distance from the ultrasonic oscillator 651 when a humidifying action is required for preventing hydrogen leakage, suppressing hydrogen embrittlement, etc. The distance from the ultrasonic oscillator 651 is set to 5 (λ / 4), and 6 (λ / 4) is set when the humidification action is unnecessary. The cross-sectional dimensions w and t of the anode 612 in FIG. 1 are the cross-sectional dimensions of the electrode portion through which slat-like or grid-like ultrasonic vibrations pass, and the W dimension is reduced to facilitate the passage of ultrasonic vibrations. Is made larger than the dimension w to increase the contact area with the electrolyte and increase the mechanical strength of the electrode. The shape of the cathode 611 may be the same as that of the anode 612.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the slat-like electrode (a) and grid-like electrodes (b) and (c), which is an embodiment of the electrode shown in the arrow M of Example 1 (FIG. 1). . FIG. 2 is a plan view of an electrode in which an electrical connection with the DC power source 613 is omitted, and the slat-shaped electrode (a) has a small contact surface area of the electrolyte and a small mechanical strength of the electrode. When the electrodes are used in the vertical direction, bubbles can be separated and raised efficiently. The grid-like electrode (b) has a large contact surface area of the electrolytic solution, and the mechanical strength of the electrode is increased. The grid-like electrode (c) can further increase the contact surface area of the electrolytic solution and the mechanical strength of the electrode. Depending on the purpose of the oxyhydrogen generator, various shapes can be selected.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram (C) of the amplitude and sound pressure of the standing wave of the ultrasonic vibration of the oxyhydrogen generator 6 of the first embodiment (FIG. 1), and each action (d1 to d3) depending on the phase of the ultrasonic wave. It is explanatory drawing. The upper diagram (C) of FIG. 3 is a diagram of the standing wave amplitude 67 of the ultrasonic vibration generated by the vibration of the ultrasonic oscillator 651 and the sound pressure 68 of the standing wave, and the wavelength (λ) obtained by the above (Formula 1). The behavior of ultrasonic vibration acting on each electrode arranged based on the above is shown. The amplitude 67 of the standing wave of the ultrasonic vibration propagates through the electrolytic solution 615 according to the following equation (Equation 2), and the sound pressure 68 of the standing wave propagates according to the following equation (Equation 3). (Equation 2) V (t) = VCOS (ωt) V (t): Standing wave amplitude [m] V: Amplitude [m] ω: Angular velocity [rad / s] t: Time [s] (Equation 3) P ( t) = P0 + PSIN (ωt) P (t): standing wave sound pressure [Pa] P: sound pressure [Pa] ω: angular velocity [rad / s] t: time [s] P0: static pressure [Pa] Then, when the amplitude of the standing wave (Equation 2) is differentiated to obtain acceleration, the sound pressure of the standing wave, which is the rate of change, is obtained, and the pressure of the electrolytic solution has a static pressure P0 due to internal pressure or the like. Sound pressure (Equation 3) is obtained. The amplitude V of (Formula 2) and the sound pressure P of (Formula 3) can be controlled by adjusting the voltage and / or current supplied from the high frequency generator 652 to the sound wave oscillator 651. The oscillating part from the ultrasonic oscillator on the oscillation side of the amplitude 67 and the sound pressure 68 has different acoustic impedances at the bottom plate part of the electrolytic cell 614. Therefore, strictly speaking, the amplitude 67 of the standing wave and the sound pressure 68 of the standing wave are deformed. However, the influence is ignored for the sake of easy explanation.

As shown in the upper diagram (C) of FIG. 3, the amplitude 67 of the standing wave of the ultrasonic vibration varies according to the distance from the ultrasonic oscillator 651 according to (Equation 2) and the sound pressure 68 of the standing wave varies according to (Equation 3). The vibration of the ultrasonic oscillator 651 is caused by the alternating voltage applied from the high frequency generator 652 so that the piezoelectric ceramic of the ultrasonic oscillator 651 expands and contracts due to the reverse piezoelectric effect, and the surface of the vibrator vibrates. Is propagated as a longitudinal wave, and as shown in the amplitude 67 of the standing wave, the vibration surface of the acoustic wave oscillator 651 becomes an antinode 675 having the maximum amplitude, and the ultrasonic vibration propagating as the longitudinal wave behaves according to (Equation 2). Therefore, the reciprocating motion as vibration is stopped at a distance of 1 (λ / 4) from the ultrasonic oscillator 651, and the reciprocating motion as vibration stops. At this amplitude 670, the kinetic energy of the longitudinal wave is pressure energy. It is converted into a pressure and becomes a sound pressure belly 685 at which the sound pressure is maximized. When the distance from the oscillator 651 increases, the standing wave amplitude 67 and the standing wave sound pressure 68 repeat the above behavior according to the above (Equation 2) and (Equation 3). The sound pressure 68 of the standing wave is a compressive stress or tensile stress generated in the minute space due to a difference in moving speed between the ultrasonic wave 651 and the side opposite to the ultrasonic oscillator 651 when considering the minute space of ultrasonic vibration propagation. Therefore, the sound pressure 68 ((Equation 3)) of the standing wave is obtained by calculating the inclination of the change rate of the minute space of the amplitude 67 (Equation 2) of the standing wave. Accordingly, the kinetic energy of ultrasonic vibration is maximum at the amplitude antinode 675, whereas the kinetic energy of ultrasonic vibration is maximum at the amplitude antinode 675, but both sides of the minute space are fast at the same speed. Since it moves, the sound pressure becomes 0, and the reciprocating motion of the electrolyte in the ultrasonic wave propagation direction is maximized. In the sound pressure antinode 685, the kinetic energy of the ultrasonic vibration is minimized to 0, but the speed difference between both sides of the micro space is maximized and the sound pressure is maximized, and the electrolyte reciprocates in the ultrasonic propagation direction. Although there is almost no movement, it becomes a cavitation region 691 due to fluctuations in sound pressure, and a capillary wave region 692 in the case of the electrolyte surface.

The action of the oxyhydrogen generator 6 is as shown in (d3), in the cavitation region 691, which is an antinode 685 having a sound pressure of an odd multiple of a quarter of the ultrasonic wavelength from the ultrasonic oscillator 651. 611 is placed, and the bubbles adhering to the cathode 611 are separated from the electrodes, and the deposits adhering to the cathode 611 are separated and removed by the μ jet flow generated by the collapse of the cavitation bubbles in the same manner as a commercially available cleaning machine. There is a cleaning action. When the electrolytic solution receives a large static pressure P0, negative pressure does not occur in the cavitation region 691 and cavitation may not occur. However, the bubble repeatedly expands and contracts due to a change in sound pressure. Becomes far from the cathode 611 and contracts to the center of the bubble when contracting, so that the bubble is separated from the electrode, and there is also a desorption action of the bubble from the electrode. As shown in (d2), the anode 612 is disposed on the antinode 675 having an amplitude that is an even multiple of a quarter of the ultrasonic wavelength from the ultrasonic oscillator 651, and the bubbles attached to the anode 612 are ultrasonicated. Due to the reciprocating motion of the electrolyte solution in the vibration propagation direction, a bubble detachment action (d2) that rises away from the electrode occurs. As shown in (d1), when the electrolytic solution surface is provided on the antinode 685 having a sound pressure of an odd multiple of 1/4 of the ultrasonic wavelength from the ultrasonic oscillator 651, it is similar to a commercially available ultrasonic humidifier. Capillary waves are generated in the nozzles, and there is an atomization action in which droplets are sprayed from the tips of the capillary waves. When the atomization action has the effect of alleviating hydrogen embrittlement and improving leakage, and when the atomization action is not required, electrolysis is applied to the node 680 of the sound pressure at a distance that is an even multiple of 1/4 of the ultrasonic wavelength. Set the liquid level. Although the electrode deviates by a maximum of ½t from the predetermined distance calculated from the wavelength λ depending on the t dimension of each electrode shown in FIG. 1, the antinode 675 of the standing wave amplitude and the standing wave sound as shown in FIG. In the pressure antinode 685, the change rate of the amplitude and the sound pressure is small, and the t dimension is set within a range in which the action is ensured even when the t dimension is off by 1 / 2t. In the following explanatory diagrams (FIGS. 4 to 4), only the sound pressure 68 of the standing wave is shown and the amplitude 67 of the standing wave is omitted, but the phase relationship and action between the sound pressure 68 of the standing wave and the amplitude 67 of the standing wave are shown in FIG. This is the same as the description of FIG.

FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the oxyhydrogen generator 6e in which the second ultrasonic oscillator 651e2 is provided at a distance that is an even multiple of 1/4 of the ultrasonic wavelength λ from the cathode 611e of the second embodiment (corresponding to claim 2). FIG. In FIG. 4, a cathode 611e and an anode 612e arranged in layers in the electrolytic cell 614e are arranged on a plane perpendicular to the propagation direction of ultrasonic vibration oscillated from the ultrasonic oscillator 651e, and the cathode 611e and anode 612e are arranged. Further, the cathode 611e is placed at a distance that is an odd multiple of one-fourth of the ultrasonic wavelength (λ) from the vibration surface of the ultrasonic oscillator 651e, and is 4 of the ultrasonic wavelength (λ). This is an oxyhydrogen generator 6e in which the anode 612e is arranged at a distance that is an even multiple of a fraction. Further, a second ultrasonic oscillator 651e2 is provided at a distance that is an even multiple of one-fourth of the ultrasonic wavelength in the propagation direction of the ultrasonic vibration from the cathode 611e. A non-contact relay 653-1 is provided between the high-frequency generator 652e and the ultrasonic oscillator 651e, and a non-contact relay 653-2 is provided between the high-frequency generator 652e and the second ultrasonic oscillator 651e2. At 652e, one of the ultrasonic oscillators is oscillated. The inner width dimension of the left and right of the electrolytic cell 614e is 9/4 times the ultrasonic wavelength λ, and is reflected by the left and right inner walls of the electrolytic cell 614e to become a standing wave of ultrasonic vibration. The pump 617e provided at the bottom of the electrolytic cell 614e The warehouse, which is a horizontal space that communicates, is a residence space for the separated and removed precipitates. The outer side of the ultrasonic oscillators (658e, 658e2) is pressed through a transmitter fixture 654 that can uniformly pressurize, and when an internal pressure acts on the electrolytic cell 614e, the outer side of each transmitter fixture 654 is pressed. It fixes with the fixing auxiliary tool which is not illustrated to prevent the deformation | transformation which impairs the planarity of the said ultrasonic oscillator by the said internal pressure.

The operation of the oxyhydrogen generator 6e of FIG. 4 is that the installation direction of the ultrasonic oscillator 651e is vertical and the installation direction is different from that of the ultrasonic oscillator 651 of the first embodiment (FIG. 3), but the cathode 611e. Since the distance from the ultrasonic oscillator 651e to the anode 612e is the same as the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave, the action of ultrasonic vibration is also the same. As shown in the standing wave sound pressure 68e, the cathode 611e has a cleaning action by cavitation and a bubble detachment action by a change in sound pressure, and the anode 612e has a detachment action to separate the attached bubbles from the electrode. Since the description of the operation is the same as that of the first embodiment, it will be omitted. As shown in the sound pressure 68e2 of the standing wave of the second ultrasonic oscillator 651e2 provided at an even multiple of 1/4 of the ultrasonic wavelength λ in the propagation direction of the ultrasonic vibration from the cathode 611e, An anode 612e, not a cathode 611e, is arranged on the belly 685e2, so that the surface of the anode 612e with less generation of precipitates can be refreshed by cavitation due to the cleaning action by cavitation and the desorption action of bubbles due to the change in sound pressure. it can. Further, the supply power of the high frequency generator 652e is reduced to suppress the generation of cavitation, and the ultrasonic oscillators (658e, 658e2) are alternately transmitted by the contactless relays (653-1, 653-1). It is also possible to switch the sound pressure node (amplitude of the amplitude) with good efficiency of the bubble detachment action alternately to the cathode 611e and the anode 612e. The control of the electrolyte surface and the control of the amplitude V and the sound pressure P by the high frequency generator 652e are the same as those in the first embodiment. In the present embodiment, since the ultrasonic oscillator is not installed horizontally as in the first embodiment, the capillary wave region 692 shown in FIG. 3 is not provided, but the effect is reduced due to fluctuations in cavitation and sound pressure, but similar to the generated gas. The effect will occur.

FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of an oxyhydrogen generator 6f in which the high-frequency generator 652f according to the third embodiment (corresponding to claim 2) can be switched between a predetermined frequency and a frequency twice the predetermined frequency. In FIG. 5, the cathode 611f and the anode 612f are arranged on a cylindrical surface perpendicular to the propagation direction of the ultrasonic vibration oscillated from the ultrasonic oscillator, the cathode 611f and the anode 612f are formed in a slat shape or a grid shape, The cathode 611f is placed at a distance that is an odd multiple of one quarter of the ultrasonic wavelength (λ) from the vibration surface of the ultrasonic oscillator 651f, and an even multiple of the quarter of the ultrasonic wavelength (λ). The anode 612f is disposed on the substrate. Furthermore, in the ultrasonic wave generation means 65f of the oxyhydrogen generator 6f, the high frequency generator 652f switches the frequency between the ultrasonic frequency and a frequency twice as high as the ultrasonic frequency. 6f. The ultrasonic oscillator 651f of the ultrasonic wave generating means 65f is cylindrical with a diameter φD, and is arranged at a position where the central axis of the cylindrical electrolytic cell 614f and the central axis of the ultrasonic oscillator 651f are coaxial. The distance between the ultrasonic oscillator 651f and the inner wall of the electrolytic cell 614f is 5 (λ / 4), and 10 (λf / 4) when the frequency is twice the predetermined frequency. Although this embodiment will be described with a cylindrical ultrasonic oscillator 651f, the ultrasonic oscillator may be a planar ultrasonic oscillator.

The operation of the oxyhydrogen generator 6f in FIG. 5 is to generate a sound pressure 68f of a standing wave of ultrasonic vibration around the central axis of the cylindrical ultrasonic oscillator 651f, and to generate ultrasonic waves of the cathode 611f and the anode 612f. Since the distance from the child 651f is the same arrangement relationship as in the first embodiment with respect to the wavelength of the ultrasonic wave, the action of ultrasonic vibration at a predetermined frequency is the same, and the cathode 611f has a cleaning action and a change in sound pressure due to cavitation. The anode 612f has a desorption effect that separates the attached bubbles from the electrode. Further, when the frequency of the high frequency generator 652f is switched, the ultrasonic vibration having a frequency twice as high as the ultrasonic wave generates a sound pressure 68f2 of a standing wave of the ultrasonic vibration, and the cathode 611f and the anode 612f are ultrasonic. Is placed on the antinode of amplitude 680f2 of the sound pressure of the above, so that bubbles generated by the reciprocating motion are released from all the electrodes with respect to all the electrodes, and there is a concern of electrode damage due to excessive cleaning due to cavitation Therefore, large electric power can be supplied from the high frequency generator 652f to the ultrasonic oscillator 651f. Further, by intermittently operating the high-frequency generator 652f with the phase of the ultrasonic vibration so as to have the same phase as the remaining standing wave, it is possible to operate with low power consumption and high electrolysis efficiency, and to perform duty of intermittent operation. Can be controlled arbitrarily so that optimum bubble removal control can be performed. Since the oscillation surface of the ultrasonic oscillator 651f is cylindrical, the ultrasonic vibration energy is diffused and reduced as the distance from the oscillation surface increases. However, by increasing the diameter φD of the ultrasonic oscillator 651f, The ratio that decreases by diffusion can be reduced. Since the ultrasonic oscillator 651f and the electrolytic cell 614f are cylindrical, the deformation due to the internal pressure of the oscillation surface and the reflection surface of the ultrasonic vibration is small, so that the gas is pressurized using the internal pressure of the gas generated by electrolysis. You can omit the compressor for. A check valve can be provided between the pump 617f for supplying the electrolytic solution and the electrolytic bath 614f to prevent backflow of the pump.

FIG. 6 is a control flowchart of the oxyhydrogen generator 6f of the third embodiment (FIG. 5). The oxyhydrogen generator 6f controls each actuator including a high frequency generator 652f, a pump 617f, and the like based on input information of each sensor (not shown) including the sensor 616f by an ECU (electronic control unit) not shown. First, the ECU determines whether the amount of electrolyte is normal (step S0100). Specifically, in the above (step S0100), it is determined whether the liquid level of the electrolytic solution is within the control value based on the input of the sensor 616f. Here, when it is determined that the amount of the electrolytic solution is normal, it is determined whether or not the oxyhydrogen generator 6f needs to be operated (step S0300). Specifically, in the above (step S0300), the ECU uses the input information such as the opening degree of the control valve 618f, the discharge amount of oxyhydrogen by a sensor (not shown), the internal pressure of the electrolytic cell 614f by the sensor 616f, etc. It is determined whether the generator 6f needs to be operated. On the other hand, when it is determined that the amount of the electrolyte is not normal, the ECU operates the pump 617f to adjust the height of the electrolyte in the electrolyte amount adjustment subroutine (step S0200), and then (step S0300). Execute. Here, when it is determined that there is no need to operate the oxyhydrogen generator 6f, the ECU executes RETURN and once ends the processing routine of this control flowchart. On the other hand, if it is determined that it is necessary to operate the oxyhydrogen generator 6f, the DC power supply 613f is turned on in the electrolysis start subroutine (step S0400), the high frequency generator 652f is set to the frequency F2, and a predetermined output is obtained. Ultrasonic vibration is oscillated to determine whether the electrolysis control is normal (step S0500). Specifically, in the above (step S0500), the voltage and current supplied by the DC power supply 613f, the resistance value between the electrodes, the volume of the generated gas, and the like are detected by a sensor, and the input data, the management value, and the map data are By comparison, the CPU determines whether the electrolytic control by the bubble removing action is normal. Here, when it is determined that the electrolytic control is normal, it is determined whether or not the deposit is deposited on the electrode (step S0700). Specifically, in the above (Step S0700), the voltage, current, resistance value between the electrodes, the volume of generated gas, etc. supplied by the DC power supply 613f are detected by a sensor and compared with a management value, map data, etc. Alternatively, the CPU determines whether the deposit is deposited on the electrode based on the operation time from the previous deposit removal, the accumulated power, or the like. On the other hand, if it is determined that the electrolysis control is not normal, the ECU switches the high frequency generator 652f to the frequency F2 in the electrolysis control optimization subroutine (step S0600), adjusts the output of the ultrasonic vibration, and improves the electrolysis efficiency. Then, the process proceeds to (Step S0700). Here, when it is determined that the deposit is deposited on the electrode, the deposit removal subroutine (step S0800) is executed, and then the oxyhydrogen supply subroutine (step S0900) is executed. Specifically, in the deposit removal subroutine (step S0800), the high frequency generator 652f is switched to the frequency F to increase the power supplied to the high frequency generator 652f, and the deposit attached to the cathode 611f is cleaned by the cavitation. Remove. On the other hand, if it is determined that no deposit is deposited on the electrode, the oxyhydrogen supply control subroutine (step S0900) is executed. Specifically, in the oxyhydrogen supply control subroutine (step S0900), the sensor 616f considers the internal pressure of the electrolytic cell 614f and adjusts the opening of the control valve 618f to control the oxyhydrogen supply amount, and then RETURN. Is executed to end the processing routine of this control flowchart. Corresponding to the operation status, the operation control of the oxyhydrogen generator 6f is performed according to the processing routine of the above control flowchart. The processing routine of this control flowchart is repeatedly executed during operation of the oxyhydrogen generator 6f.

FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of the oxyhydrogen generator 6g according to the fourth embodiment (corresponding to claim 3) provided with bubble guiding means for preventing the generated gas from flowing out into the electrolyte space where ultrasonic vibration propagates. . FIG. 7 shows the bubble induction for preventing the gas generated from the cathode 611g and the anode 612g by electrolysis from flowing out into the electrolyte space where the ultrasonic vibration propagates in the electrolysis means 61g of the oxyhydrogen generator 6g. This is an oxyhydrogen generator 6g provided with a bubble guide plate 620 as means. In order to prevent the gas generated from the cathode 611g and the anode 612g from flowing out into the electrolyte space through which the ultrasonic vibration propagates, the bubble guide plate 620 side is raised to the electrode side surface of the cathode 611g and the anode 612g. The bubble guide protrusions GR1 and GR2 are provided. The bubble guide plate 620 is a thin straight tube having a substantially oval cross section, and one cylindrical wall is opened in parallel with the axial center. The bubble guide protrusions GR1 and GR2 of the cathode 611g and the anode 612g are formed in the opening. Loose fit. An ion-permeable gas impermeable partition curtain 619 may be provided between the cathode 611g and the anode 612g, and the partition curtain 619 may be a cloth that can transmit ultrasonic vibration. The upper part of the electrolytic cell 614g where hydrogen generated from each cathode 611g stays communicates with the hydrogen passage 623 which is a gas collecting means, and the upper part of the electrolytic cell 614g where oxygen generated from each anode 612g stays and the gas collecting means A certain oxygen passage 624 communicates, and the hydrogen passage 623 is provided with a control valve 618g, and the oxygen passage 624 is provided with a control valve 618g2.

The operation of the oxyhydrogen generator 6g in FIG. 7 is to separate the gas generated at the cathode 611g and the anode 612g by the partition 619, and at the oxygen passage 623 and the hydrogen passage 624, which are the respective gas collecting means. The gas is separated and collected, and the gas outflow amount is controlled by control valves (618g, 618g2) provided in the respective gas passages. Due to the structure of the electrolytic cell 614g in which the electrolyzed water of the cathode 611g and the anode 612g communicates, the pressure at the upper part of the electrolytic cell 614g where the generated oxygen and hydrogen stay is adjusted equally by the two sensors 616g. And the electrolyte level is controlled by a pump 617g. When the electrolyte is water, oxygen and hydrogen are generated. When the hydrogen pressure is high, the supply amount of oxygen is suppressed, and when the oxygen pressure is high, the pressure can be adjusted by supplying a large amount of oxygen or releasing it into the atmosphere. The detailed shape (perspective view) of the bubble guide plate 620 and each electrode (611g, 612g) which is a bubble guide means will be described with reference to FIG. 8, and the bubble guide action will be described with reference to FIG.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a bubble guide plate 620, a cathode 611g and an anode 612g provided with bubble guide protrusions (GR1, GR2), which are bubble guide means of the oxyhydrogen generator 6g of the fourth embodiment (FIG. 7). It is. The bubble guide plate 620 has a thin straight tube made of an ion permeable resin and has a substantially oval cross section, and has one cylindrical wall opened in parallel with the axial center. The slat shape of the cathode 611g and the anode 612g is formed in the opening. The bubble guide protrusions GR1 and GR2 are loosely fitted to the electrode portions. The opening provided in parallel with the axis of the bubble guide plate 620 corresponds to the bubble guide protrusions (GR1, GR2) provided in the slat-like electrode portions of the cathode 611g and the anode 612g as shown in FIG. A notch is provided to efficiently draw the generated gas into the bubble guide plate 620. Since the negative electrode 611g and the positive electrode 612g can be processed by the plastic processing (press) of a single metal plate, the processing including the bubble induction protrusions (GR1, GR2) provided on both surfaces of the slat-shaped electrode portion can be processed. Short and inexpensive electrode with good material yield. In addition, the bubble-inducing protrusions (GR1, GR2) provided on the slat-like electrode portions are large due to an increase in contact area with the electrolyte due to the surface roughness of the fracture surface by plastic working and the formation of a large number of ridge lines. The current easily flows and the electrolysis ability is improved. When the bubble guide protrusions (GR1, GR2) provide a sufficient bubble detachment action, or when the distance between the electrodes is small because the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic generator is high, the bubble guide plate 620 is used. Can be omitted.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of the bubble guiding action of each electrode provided with the bubble guiding plate 620 and the bubble guiding projections (GR1, GR2) of the bubble guiding means (FIG. 8) of the fourth embodiment. The gas generated from the cathode 611g and the anode 612g by the voltage applied to the DC power source 613g, which is the electrolysis means 61g of the oxyhydrogen generator 6g (FIG. 7), is generated by the high frequency generator 652g, which is the ultrasonic wave generation means 65g. The ultrasonic oscillator 651g is ultrasonically vibrated by electrical means to propagate ultrasonic waves to the hand electrolyte 651g. The bubbles are detached by the reciprocating motion of the electrolyte solution by the amplitude of the standing wave of the ultrasonic vibration, or by the expansion and contraction of the bubble by the fluctuation of the sound pressure of the standing wave. In the anode 612g shown in FIG. 9, the vertical end face of the slat-like electrode part and the ridge line formed by the irregularities of the bubble-inducing protrusion GR2 provided on the slat-like electrode part often generate bubbles due to electrolysis. The detached bubbles are guided along the bubble guide protrusion GR2 to the opening of the bubble guide plate 620, and the inner tube portion of the bubble guide plate 620 is raised by the buoyancy of the bubbles and reaches the upper part of the electrolytic cell 614g. . At that time, the bubbles rising due to buoyancy in the inner tube portion of the bubble guide plate 620 become an upward flow with the surrounding electrolyte, and an upward flow due to the chimney effect is generated in the inner tube portion of the bubble guide plate 620. Bubbles guided to the opening of the cylindrical wall of the bubble guide plate 620 are sucked and prevented from flowing out into the electrolyte space where the ultrasonic vibration propagates. Since the difference in acoustic impedance between the resin and the electrolytic solution is small, the resin-made bubble guide plate 620 has a low ultrasonic reflectivity, so that the propagation of ultrasonic vibration of the electrolytic solution is not significantly hindered. Since the bubbles generated on the vertical end face of the electrode part rise vertically due to buoyancy, the diffusion into the electrolyte space where ultrasonic vibration propagates is small.

FIG. 10 shows a hybrid vehicle 8n (lower diagram) in which an oxyhydrogen generator 6n is provided in a hybrid vehicle 8 (upper diagram (M)) having a conventional supercharged internal combustion engine according to the fifth embodiment (corresponding to claim 4). It is explanatory drawing of the structural concept of (N). A hybrid vehicle 8n shown in the lower diagram (N) of FIG. 10 of the present invention includes a regenerative unit including a secondary battery 81n and a motor / generator 83, and an oxyhydrogen generator 6n operated by an electric unit of the regenerative unit. In a hybrid vehicle 8n provided and supplying oxyhydrogen generated in the oxyhydrogen generator 6n to the intake air of the internal combustion engine 1, the oxyhydrogen generator 6n is a cathode arranged in a layer in an electrolytic cell 614 as shown in FIG. 611, an anode 612, a DC power supply 613 that applies a DC voltage between the cathode 611 and the anode 612, a pump 617 that is an electrolyte control means for controlling the supply of the electrolyte, and generated by electrolysis An electrolysis means 61 composed of a control valve 618 that is a gas collecting means for collecting gas, an ultrasonic oscillator 651, and ultrasonic waves generated by the ultrasonic oscillator 651 by electric means. In the oxyhydrogen generator 6 including an ultrasonic generator 65 configured by a high-frequency generator 652 to be moved, the electrolysis unit 61 includes the cathode 611 and the anode 612 that are connected to the ultrasonic oscillator 651. The cathode 611 and the anode 612 are arranged on a plane perpendicular to the propagation direction of the ultrasonic vibration oscillated from the slat or grid so that the ultrasonic vibration can propagate through the cathode 611 and the anode 612. Furthermore, the cathode 611 is placed at a distance that is an odd multiple of a quarter of the ultrasonic wavelength (λ) from the vibration surface of the ultrasonic oscillator 651, and is a quarter of the ultrasonic wavelength (λ). The anode 612 is disposed at an even multiple. The hybrid vehicle 8n includes the oxyhydrogen generator 6n and the vehicle auxiliary device 7 for the oxyhydrogen generator in the configuration of the hybrid vehicle 8 including the conventional supercharging means 5 and the internal combustion engine 1 shown in FIG. An oxyhydrogen tank 71, an oxyhydrogen passage 72, a control valve 73, an electrolyte solution tank 74, check valves (76-1, 76-2), an explosion-proof device 79, and a secondary battery 81 n is the secondary battery 81 n. The electric capacity is smaller. A parallel type hybrid vehicle 8 in FIG. 10 (M), which is a conventional technique, includes a regenerative unit including a secondary battery 81 and a motor / generator 83, an internal combustion engine 1 including a supercharging unit 5, The kinetic energy is converted into electric energy by generating electric power with the motor / generator 83 during deceleration braking of the vehicle, and the electric energy is stored in the secondary battery 81. When accelerating or traveling only with electric energy, the motor / generator 83 is driven as a motor by the electric energy stored in the secondary battery 81, and energy regeneration is performed in this cycle. The supercharging device of the internal combustion engine 1 is an EGR type supercharging device in which an air flow rate amplifier that supercharges intake air with a driving flow is used as supercharging means, and exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine 1 is used as a driving flow.

The operation of the hybrid vehicle 8n provided with the oxyhydrogen generator 6n of FIG. 10 is the same as that of the conventional hybrid vehicle 8 in the supercharging operation with good response by the internal combustion engine 1 provided with the supercharging means 5 and the regeneration by the regenerative means. The oxyhydrogen generator 6n that can be operated and is operated by electrical means of the regenerative means converts the kinetic energy into oxyhydrogen generated by electrolysis, and the generated oxyhydrogen is used as the driving flow of the supercharging means. By supplying, oxyhydrogen fuel is premixed in the intake air. The regeneration means includes an inverter 82 between the secondary battery 81 and the motor / generator 83, and performs electrical conversion such as direct current and alternating current, and output adjustment. A check valve 47 provided between the air cleaner 21 and the supercharging means 5 prevents a reverse flow rate amplification phenomenon by the air flow rate amplifier 50 and prevents a large amount of premixed gas from being released into the atmosphere. The oxyhydrogen supplied as the driving flow of the air flow rate amplifier 50 which is the supercharging means 5 through the oxyhydrogen passage 72 controls the mixing ratio with the exhaust (EGR) by the control valve 73 and is driven by the air flow rate amplifier 50. The oxyhydrogen, which is a flow, and the intake air are uniformly premixed and supercharged to the internal combustion engine 1. By the premixing, the combustibility of the internal combustion engine 1 is improved, the fuel consumption of the fuel stored in the fuel tank 15 is reduced, and the fuel efficiency is improved. By converting the kinetic energy into oxyhydrogen generated by electrolysis in the oxyhydrogen generator 6n, the amount of energy to be converted into electric energy is reduced, so that the electric capacity of the expensive secondary battery is reduced and reduced in size. Can be cheap. The behavior of the power source and energy in each operation mode will be described with reference to FIG. 11, the sectional view of the air flow amplifier 50 with reference to FIG. 12, and the improvement of the combustibility with reference to FIG.

FIG. 11 is a schematic characteristic diagram (Mp, Np) of the power source and energy by trial calculation simulation of each hybrid vehicle (8, 8n) of the fifth embodiment (FIG. 10). The upper diagram (Mp) is a schematic characteristic diagram of the hybrid vehicle 8 provided with the conventional supercharged internal combustion engine 1, and the electric power relationship as the power source and the internal combustion engine related elements follow the time course of the horizontal axis, It is a general | schematic characteristic view by trial calculation simulation at the time of drive | operating by the following 5 types of operation modes. 1. At the time of high load operation, the motor / generator 83 is driven by the output by the electric energy stored in the secondary battery 81 and the output by the supercharging operation of the internal combustion engine 1 using the motor / generator 83 as the motor. And the fuel in the fuel tank 15 is consumed. 2. During low-load operation, the engine is driven only by the output from the supercharging operation of the internal combustion engine 1, consumes fuel in the fuel tank 15, and when the secondary battery 81 has a small charge, the motor / generator 83 Charging can be performed in parallel. 3. During low noise operation, the motor / generator 83 is driven by the motor output from the electric energy stored in the secondary battery 81, and the electric energy of the secondary battery 81 is consumed. 4. During deceleration braking, which is a regenerative operation, the motor / generator 83 generates electric power to assist braking torque, convert the kinetic energy of the vehicle into electric energy, and store the electric energy in the secondary battery 8. I do. 5. When the vehicle is stopped, no travel output is required, so energy is not consumed except for air conditioning.

The lower diagram (Np) is a schematic characteristic diagram of a hybrid vehicle 8n equipped with an oxyhydrogen generator 6n. The configuration of the diagram is the same as that of the upper diagram (Mp). It is a general | schematic characteristic view by trial calculation simulation when adding the hydrogen generator 6n and driving | running by the same operation mode as said 5 types of operation mode. 1. During high-load operation, an internal combustion engine with improved combustibility by premixing the output of electric energy stored in the secondary battery 81n with the motor / generator 83 as a motor and oxyhydrogen from the oxyhydrogen generator 6n The engine 1 is driven by the output of the supercharging operation of the engine 1 and consumes the electric energy of the secondary battery 81n, the oxyhydrogen of the oxyhydrogen tank 71, and the fuel of the fuel tank 15. 2. During low-load operation, the engine is driven only by the output from the supercharging operation of the internal combustion engine 1 with improved flammability by premixing oxyhydrogen from the oxyhydrogen generator 6n, When the lean burn engine that consumes the fuel in the fuel tank 15 is used and the rotational speed is further reduced, the fuel in the fuel tank 15 can be cut, and low-noise operation can be performed using only hydrogen fuel. If the number is small, the motor / generator 83 can perform charging in parallel. 3. During low noise operation, the motor / generator 83 is driven by the motor output from the electric energy stored in the secondary battery 81n, and the electric energy of the secondary battery 81 is consumed. 4. During decelerating braking in regenerative operation, the motor / generator 83 generates electric power to assist braking torque, convert the kinetic energy of the vehicle into electric energy, accumulate electric energy in the secondary battery 81n, and Then, electrolysis is performed by the oxyhydrogen generator 6n operated by the electric energy, and the generated oxyhydrogen is stored in the oxyhydrogen tank 71 to perform the two types of regenerative operation. 5. Since no output for driving is required when the vehicle is stopped, energy is not consumed except for air conditioning, etc., but when the amount of charge is high, the electric energy of the secondary battery 81n is used for the oxyhydrogen generator 6n. The oxyhydrogen generated by electrolysis is stored in the oxyhydrogen tank 71. The secondary battery 81n is electrolyzed with the electric energy of the secondary battery 81n, the oxyhydrogen is stored in the oxyhydrogen tank 71, and the kinetic energy is converted into the oxyhydrogen generated by the electrolysis, whereby the electric power of the secondary battery 81n is obtained. By reducing the capacity, the electric capacity of the expensive secondary battery can be reduced, and it can be made small and inexpensive. As shown in FIG. 11, the fuel consumption of the fuel tank 15 is less in the hybrid vehicle 8n, so that the fuel efficiency is improved.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional transvector 51 which is an air flow amplifier 50 of the supercharging means 5 of the internal combustion engine 1 of the fifth embodiment (FIG. 10). FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the transformer vector 51 provided between the intake inflow passage 22 and the intake outflow passage 23 which are intake passages. The trans vector 51 includes a housing 513 communicating with the intake inflow passage 22 and an intake outflow passage. 23 is provided with an annular chamber 514 which is an annular space formed by screwing the flange 512 to the housing 513, the annular chamber 514 communicates with the driving flow passage 41 connected to the outer wall of the housing 513, The annular chamber 514 is provided with a nozzle 511 that is a ring-shaped gap communicating with the intake air inflow passage 22 and the intake air outflow passage 23, and the nozzle passage of the nozzle 511 narrows in the downstream direction of the intake air to the intake passage of the nozzle 511. The diameter of the intake air passage at the outlet is larger than the diameters of the intake air inflow passage 22 and the intake air outflow passage 23.

The action of the transvector 51 which is the air flow amplifier 50 is that the driving flow supplied from the driving flow passage 41 is primarily accumulated in the annular chamber 514 and flows out from the nozzle 511 which is a ring-shaped gap to the intake air. Supercharging is performed by an air flow amplification function that accelerates and feeds the air into the intake / outflow passage 23. Since the driving flow collides with the intake air, the intake air is accelerated. Therefore, when the driving flow is fuel, premixing can be performed simultaneously with supercharging, so that premixing with good mixing can be performed. The diameter of the intake flow passage at the outlet to the intake passage of the nozzle 511 is larger than the diameters of the intake inflow passage 22 and the intake outflow passage 23, so that the intake air supplied from the intake inflow passage 22 has a diffuser effect. Therefore, the acceleration by the driving flow is efficiently performed, and the intake air accelerated by the driving flow is reduced in diameter and sent to the intake / outflow passage 23, so that the speed of the intake flow further increases.

FIG. 13 is a schematic characteristic diagram of the flow rate amplification ratio and the supercharging pressure by trial calculation when the air flow rate amplifier 50 of the fifth embodiment is the transformer vector 51 (FIG. 12). (T) is the flow rate amplification ratio, and (Ta˜ Tb) indicates the fuel concentration. FIG. 13 shows the flow rate amplification ratio (times) on the horizontal axis by trial calculation when the air flow rate amplifier 50 of the supercharging means 5 is the transvector 51 and the driving flow is mixed with oxyhydrogen generated in the oxyhydrogen generator 6n. And a vertical characteristic graph of the supercharging pressure (bar) on the left vertical axis, and the right vertical axis represents the fuel concentration (volume%) calculated backward from the flow rate amplification ratio (times). The theoretical air volume of hydrogen is 2.4, 75% of the upper limit of explosion limit (volume%, the same for the following%), and 4% of the lower limit are calculated back from the flow rate amplification ratio. Since there is a double volume of hydrogen, the hydrogen mixing rate is set to 67%, and the influence is small. Therefore, explanation will be made by trial calculation in which the exhaust of the driving flow (EGR) and oxygen of oxyhydrogen are replaced with air. A description will be given assuming that the supercharging pressure of 1 bar or less and the hydrogen explosion limit are the supercharging operation region (rectangular hatching region) when the internal combustion engine 1 is a spark ignition engine. The internal combustion engine 1 is a compression ignition engine. There may be. As can be seen from FIG. 13, when a 6 bar driving flow is supplied, the transformer vector 51 provides a supercharging pressure of 1 bar which is the highest pressure in the supercharging operation region of the spark ignition engine, and the oxyhydrogen mixing ratio of the driving flow is 100. %, The hydrogen concentration as the actual fuel concentration is about Ta from the fuel concentration (17%) which is the driving flow concentration calculated backward from the flow rate amplification ratio of the transvector 51 and the hydrogen mixing ratio of the oxyhydrogen (67%). (11%). In order to operate within the hydrogen explosion limit, the oxyhydrogen concentration of the driving flow consisting of the driving flow and oxyhydrogen is (Ta) to (Tb) shown in the figure, and the oxyhydrogen mixing ratio of the driving flow is about 100% to 53%. %. The above description when the air flow amplifier 50 is the transformer vector 51 can be similarly verified in FIG. 13 when the air flow amplifier 50 is the flow transformer vector (F) or the ejector (E), and the fuel concentration is determined from the transformer vector (T). However, since it is necessary to supply a large amount of oxyhydrogen, the selection of the air flow amplifier 50 is limited by the balance of individual devices.

Example 6 (corresponding to claim 4) of FIG. 14 is a configuration concept of a fuel cell vehicle 9k (lower diagram (K)) in which the conventional fuel cell vehicle 9 of the upper diagram (P) is provided with an oxyhydrogen generator 6k. It is explanatory drawing of. A fuel cell vehicle 9k shown in the lower diagram (K) of FIG. 14 of the present invention includes a regenerative unit including a secondary battery 81k and a motor / generator 83p, and an oxyhydrogen generator 6k operated by electrical means of the regenerative unit. In the fuel cell vehicle 9k that separates hydrogen and oxygen generated in the oxyhydrogen generator 6k and supplies them to the fuel cell 91, the oxyhydrogen generator 6k is placed in an electrolytic cell 614g as shown in FIG. A cathode 611g and an anode 612g arranged in layers, a DC power source 613g that applies a DC voltage between the cathode 611g and the anode 612g, a pump 617g that is an electrolyte control means for controlling the supply of the electrolyte, and electrolysis A control valve (618g, 618g2) which is a gas collecting means for collecting the gas generated in the above, an electrolyzing means 61g, an ultrasonic oscillator 651g, and the supersonic wave A high frequency generator 652g configured to ultrasonically vibrate the oscillator 651g by electrical means, and the electrolysis means 61g includes the cathode 611g and the anode 612g as the ultrasonic wave. The cathode 611g and the anode 612g are arranged on a plane perpendicular to the propagation direction of the ultrasonic vibration oscillated from the oscillator 651g so that the ultrasonic vibration can propagate through the electrode, The cathode 611g is disposed at a distance that is an odd multiple of 1/4 of the ultrasonic wavelength λ from the vibration surface of the ultrasonic oscillator 651g, and the anode 612g is disposed at a distance that is an even multiple of 1/4 of the ultrasonic wavelength. . The fuel cell vehicle 9k includes the oxyhydrogen generator 6k and a hydrogen tank 711 which is a vehicle auxiliary device 7 of the oxyhydrogen generator 6k, an oxygen, in addition to the configuration of the conventional fuel cell vehicle 9 shown in FIG. A tank 712, a hydrogen passage 721, an oxygen passage 722, a control valve (73k, 73k2), an electrolyte tank 74k, and a cooler 77 are provided, and the secondary battery 81k has a smaller electric capacity than the secondary battery 81p. The fuel cell vehicle 9 shown in the upper diagram (P) of FIG. 14, which is a conventional technology, includes a regenerative unit including a secondary battery 81 p and four motor / generators 83 p, a fuel cell 91, a high-pressure hydrogen tank 92, A hydrogen supply means comprising a passage 93, and by generating electric power with a motor / generator 83p at the time of deceleration braking of the vehicle, the kinetic energy is converted into electric energy, and the electric energy is stored in the secondary battery 81p, When accelerating or traveling with only stored electric energy, the motor / generator 83p is driven as a motor to regenerate energy by the electric energy stored in the secondary battery 81p. The fuel cell 91 is depressurized by a pressure reducing valve 94 communicating with the high pressure hydrogen tank 92, and the hydrogen supplied by controlling the flow rate by the control valve 95 and the air supplied from the air cleaner 21p are the reverse of the electrolysis. Electricity is generated by the action of the fuel cell, and electric energy is supplied to the secondary battery 81p and the motor / generator 83p through the power unit 97.

The operation of the fuel cell vehicle 9k provided with the oxyhydrogen generator 6k of FIG. 14 can perform energy regeneration by the regenerative means including the secondary battery 81p and the motor / generator 83p of the conventional fuel cell vehicle 9, and The kinetic energy is converted into hydrogen and oxygen generated by electrolysis by the oxyhydrogen generator 6k operated by the electric means of the regenerative means, and the hydrogen and oxygen are stored in the hydrogen tank 711 and the oxygen tank 712, and the electric energy is stored. Is converted into hydrogen fuel and stored, so that an expensive fuel cell can be reduced in size, the consumption of the high-pressure hydrogen tank 92 is suppressed, and oxygen is supplied to the fuel cell 91 instead of the conventional air. The power generation efficiency of 91 is improved and there is an effect of increasing the output of electric energy. The water discharged from the fuel cell 91 is cooled by the cooler 77 and returned to the electrolyte tank 74k, so that the replenishment amount of the electrolyte can be reduced.

The first to sixth embodiments have been described with reference to an example of the present invention, and a safety device such as an explosion-proof device provided in a hydrogen passage that does not directly affect the operation is omitted. The internal combustion engine may be a spark ignition engine, a compression ignition engine, a reciprocating engine, or a rotary engine, as long as there are no restrictions. The equipment and auxiliary equipment (sensors, filters, coolers, etc.) provided in the supercharger are internal combustion engines. Since additions and deletions can be made depending on the operating conditions of the engine, the first to sixth embodiments are examples of the present invention and do not limit the present invention, and can be changed and improved by those skilled in the art.

The oxyhydrogen generator according to the present invention can efficiently remove bubbles from the electrodes and exfoliate and remove the deposits by ultrasonic vibration, and can stack the electrodes to increase the amount of oxyhydrogen generated per volume. The apparatus can be reduced in size and can be easily incorporated into the moving means. The hydrogen or oxyhydrogen generated from the oxyhydrogen generator of the present invention can be supplied to the intake system of the internal combustion engine to improve the combustibility of the internal combustion engine, and the low speed and low load region of the internal combustion engine operation region can be expanded. By separately supplying oxygen and hydrogen to the fuel cell, the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell can be improved. When the oxyhydrogen generator is provided in the moving means, the electric energy is converted into hydrogen, so the electric capacity of the secondary battery can be reduced, and can be made small and inexpensive. Therefore, it can be used for hybrid vehicles and fuel cell vehicles.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Internal combustion engine 5 Supercharging means 6 Oxyhydrogen generator 7 (Vehicle auxiliary equipment) 8 Hybrid vehicle (parallel system) 9 Fuel cell vehicle 13 High-pressure fuel pump unit 14 Fuel rail 15 Fuel tank 20 Intake 21 Air cleaner 22 Intake inflow passage 23 Intake outflow passage 31, exhaust passage 32, exhaust purification device 33, silencer 37, exhaust recirculation passage 40, driving flow 41, driving flow passage 42, control valve 44, supercharging sensor 47, check valve 48, cooler 49, filter 50, air flow amplifier 51, transvector 61, electrolysis Means 65 Ultrasonic oscillation means 67 Standing wave amplitude 68 Standing wave sound pressure 71 Oxyhydrogen tank 72 Oxyhydrogen passage 73 Control valve 74 Electrolyte tank 76 Check valve 77 Cooler 79 Explosion proof device 81 Secondary battery 82 Inverter 83 Motor / power generation Machine 8 Transmission 85 Differential gear 87 Cable 91 Fuel cell 92 High pressure hydrogen tank 93 Hydrogen passage 94 Pressure reducing valve 95 Control valve 96 Drain passage 97 Power unit 511 Nozzle 512 Flange 513 Housing 514 Annular chamber 611 Cathode 612 Anode 613 DC power supply 614 Electrolyzer 615 Electrolysis Liquid 616 Sensor (liquid level, pressure) 617 Pump (electrolyte) 618 Control valve (oxyhydrogen, hydrogen) 619 Partition membrane (gas impermeability) 620 Bubble guide plate 622 Oxyhydrogen passage 623 Hydrogen passage 624 Oxygen passage 651 Ultrasonic oscillator 652, high frequency generator 653, contactless relay 654, oscillator fixture 670, amplitude node (stationary wave) 675, amplitude antinode (stationary wave) 680, sound pressure node (stationary wave) 685, sound pressure antinode (stationary wave) 691 cavitating ® emission region 692 capillary wave zone 711 hydrogen tank 712 oxygen tank 721 hydrogen passage 722 oxygen passage

Claims

A cathode and an anode arranged in layers in an electrolytic cell, a DC power source for applying a DC voltage between the cathode and the anode, an electrolyte control means for controlling the supply of the electrolyte, and a gas generated by electrolysis Gas collecting means for collecting gas, electrolysis means comprising: an ultrasonic oscillator; and an ultrasonic generator configured to vibrate the ultrasonic oscillator ultrasonically by an electric means. The distance between the ultrasonic vibrator and the reflection surface of the ultrasonic vibration propagating through the electrolytic solution is an integral multiple of a quarter of the ultrasonic wavelength, and the electrolysis means The cathode and the anode are arranged on a plane or a cylindrical surface perpendicular to the propagation direction of the ultrasonic vibration oscillated from the ultrasonic oscillator, and the ultrasonic vibration passes through the cathode and the anode. Slats the cathode and anode so that they can propagate Or a grid shape, and further, the cathode is placed at a distance that is an odd multiple of a quarter of the ultrasonic wavelength from the vibration surface of the ultrasonic oscillator, and the distance that is an even multiple of a quarter of the ultrasonic wavelength. An oxyhydrogen generator comprising an anode.
In the ultrasonic generation means of the oxyhydrogen generator, a second ultrasonic oscillator is provided at a distance that is an even multiple of 1/4 of the ultrasonic wavelength in the propagation direction of ultrasonic vibration from the cathode, or the high frequency 2. The oxyhydrogen generator according to claim 1, wherein the generator is capable of frequency switching between a frequency of the ultrasonic wave and a frequency twice the frequency of the ultrasonic wave.
The electrolysis means of the oxyhydrogen generator is provided with bubble guiding means for preventing the gas generated from the cathode and the anode by electrolysis from flowing out into the electrolyte space where the ultrasonic vibration propagates. The oxyhydrogen generator according to claim 1 or 2.
A regenerative means having a secondary battery and a motor / generator, and an oxyhydrogen generator operated by electrical means of the regenerative means are provided, and an oxyhydrogen or hydrogen and oxygen generated by the oxyhydrogen generator are supplied to an internal combustion engine. In the hybrid vehicle that supplies the intake air or the fuel cell vehicle that supplies the fuel cell, the oxyhydrogen generator is configured to apply a DC voltage between the cathode and the anode arranged in layers in the electrolytic cell, and between the cathode and the anode. An electrolysis means comprising: a direct current power source to be applied; an electrolyte control means for controlling the supply of the electrolyte; a gas collecting means for collecting a gas generated by electrolysis; an ultrasonic oscillator; A high-frequency generator configured to ultrasonically vibrate the ultrasonic oscillator by electrical means, and an ultrasonic vibration reflecting means for propagating the ultrasonic vibrator and the electrolyte; The distance of ultrasound The electrolysis means arranges the cathode and the anode on a plane perpendicular to the propagation direction of ultrasonic vibration oscillated from the ultrasonic oscillator or on a cylindrical surface. The cathode and the anode are slat-like or grid-like so that the ultrasonic vibration can propagate through the cathode and the anode, and further, from the vibration surface of the ultrasonic oscillator, the quarter of the ultrasonic wavelength. A hybrid vehicle or a fuel cell vehicle, wherein the cathode is disposed at a distance that is an odd multiple of 1 and the anode is disposed at an even multiple that is a quarter of an ultrasonic wavelength.