WO2018066944A1 - Apparatus for controlling traffic law violations, while interworking with traffic light, by means of rfid and controlling traffic light according to traffic conditions - Google Patents

Apparatus for controlling traffic law violations, while interworking with traffic light, by means of rfid and controlling traffic light according to traffic conditions Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018066944A1
WO2018066944A1 PCT/KR2017/011011 KR2017011011W WO2018066944A1 WO 2018066944 A1 WO2018066944 A1 WO 2018066944A1 KR 2017011011 W KR2017011011 W KR 2017011011W WO 2018066944 A1 WO2018066944 A1 WO 2018066944A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rfid
rfid tag
traffic
received
signal
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PCT/KR2017/011011
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French (fr)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
박용완
김건정
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영남대학교 산학협력단
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Publication of WO2018066944A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018066944A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/07—Controlling traffic signals
    • G08G1/075—Ramp control
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/0723—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips the record carrier comprising an arrangement for non-contact communication, e.g. wireless communication circuits on transponder cards, non-contact smart cards or RFIDs
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/07773—Antenna details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10009—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation sensing by radiation using wavelengths larger than 0.1 mm, e.g. radio-waves or microwaves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/01—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled
    • G08G1/052—Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled with provision for determining speed or overspeed
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/07—Controlling traffic signals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for controlling traffic violations using RFID and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions. More particularly, the present invention relates to an RFID antenna installed at regular intervals so as to measure a phase difference between RFID tag signals. RFID to determine the violation of traffic laws and traffic conditions by receiving the signal of the RFID tag from the moving object, and analyzing and calculating the information included in the received signal of the RFID tag to determine the position and speed of the moving object equipped with the RFID tag. The present invention relates to a device for controlling traffic violations using traffic control and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions.
  • Intersections and pedestrian crossings are places where the risk of traffic accidents is high so that 20% of all traffic accidents occur even though traffic lights are installed.
  • the most common causes of traffic accidents are traffic violations, such as signal violations, speeding and violations of how to drive at intersections.
  • the intersection is a place where not only a traffic accident but also a lot of traffic jams occur, and it is necessary to control a traffic light appropriate to the traffic volume so that the vehicle can proceed smoothly.
  • the method of cracking down on traffic laws at an intersection is to embed a loop detector on the road to detect the speed and time of passing the vehicle, and to install a traffic violation cracking camera to take a picture of the vehicle and recognize the license plate. to be.
  • This method requires a lot of time and money because the loop detector must be embedded in the road, and the recognition time is long by using the video image taken by a separate camera, and the image image is good according to the weather and the situation by recognizing the license plate. It may happen that it is not recognized.
  • only traffic lanes with a loop detector can be cracked and only traffic lanes with a loop detector can be cracked. Therefore, due to cost and installation problems, mainly installed only in places with a lot of traffic or frequent traffic accidents, there was an inefficient problem as a traffic regulation enforcement method.
  • the present invention was devised to solve the above problems, and receives a signal of an RFID tag from a moving object using an RFID antenna installed at regular intervals to measure a difference in phase value of the RFID tag signal, and receives the received RFID tag. Analyze and calculate the information contained in the signal of the vehicle to identify the location and speed of the moving object equipped with the RFID tag, and use the RFID to determine the violation of traffic laws and traffic conditions.
  • the object is to provide a controlling device.
  • the apparatus for controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID receives a signal of the RFID tag from the moving object, and the phase value difference of the received RFID tag signal Performs wireless communication with RFID antennas, RFID tags installed at regular intervals for measurement, RFID readers for analyzing the information contained in the received RFID tag signals, and calculates the analyzed information for transportation of RFID tags
  • the information may include vehicle number, strength of RFID tag signal, and phase value ⁇ information of RFID tag signal.
  • the RFID reader transmits a command to read an RFID tag at predetermined time intervals
  • the RFID antenna receives an RFID tag signal including moving object information transmitted according to a command
  • the control unit receives an RFID frequency f, a distance between the RFID antennas, a strength of the received RFID tag signal, and a phase value of the received RFID tag signal ( ⁇ ) information can be used to calculate the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag, determine the location of the moving object using the calculated distance, and calculate the speed of the moving object using the identified location of the moving object and a predetermined time interval.
  • the control unit has a phase value of an RFID tag signal received at an RFID antenna installed at regular intervals.
  • the two angles of incidence of the RFID tag signal are calculated using the RFID frequency f and the distance d between the antennas corresponding to the strength of the received RFID tag signal, and the two incident angles are applied to the triangulation method.
  • the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag can be calculated.
  • the control unit may control the reception of the received signals of the RFID tags received at RFID antennas installed at regular intervals. comparison, and strength is most two mutually phase of the RFID tag signal received on the other antenna obtaining ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2, and the phase difference in the obtained phase value ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 of the received signal strength ( ⁇ ⁇ 1 ), the first incident angle ⁇ 1 of the RFID tag signal is calculated using the calculated phase difference ⁇ 1 , the RFID frequency f, and the distance d 1 between different antennas, Acquire phase values ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 of the RFID tag signals received at two different antennas with the second largest intensity of the received signal, and obtain phase differences ⁇ 2 at the acquired phase values ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 .
  • a method of controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID may include transmitting a command for reading an RFID tag at predetermined time intervals, and transmitting the command according to the command.
  • Receiving an RFID tag signal including moving object information, an antenna corresponding to the strength of the received RFID tag signal, the phase value ( ⁇ ) information of the received RFID tag signal, the RFID frequency (f) and the strength of the received RFID tag signal Computing the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag using the distance (d) between, and using the calculated distance to determine the position of the moving object, using the identified position of the moving object and a predetermined time interval Calculating the speed, using the calculated speed of the moving object and the identified position of the moving object to determine the traffic violation and the traffic situation of the moving object
  • it violates traffic laws can include the step of transmitting to the server and control the traffic lights according to the traffic situation determination.
  • the strength of the received RFID tag signal and the phase value of the received RFID tag signal ( ⁇ ) calculating the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag using the information, and using the calculated distance to determine the position of the moving object, the strength of the received signal of the RFID tag received at the RFID antenna installed at regular intervals Compare and compare the phase values ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 of the RFID tag signals received at two different antennas with the greatest intensity , Calculate the phase difference ⁇ 1 from the obtained phase values ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 , calculate the calculated phase difference ⁇ 1 , the RFID frequency f, and the distance between different antennas d 1 Calculating the first angle of incidence ⁇ 1 of the RFID tag signal by using DELTA), and obtaining phase values ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 of the RFID tag signal received from two different antennas, the second having the highest intensity of the received signal.
  • the phase difference ⁇ 2 is calculated from the obtained phase values ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 , and the calculated phase difference ⁇ 2 , the RFID frequency f and the distance d 2 between different antennas are calculated.
  • the method may include calculating the position of the moving object by using the calculated distance and the calculated distance.
  • a computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for executing the above method on a computer may be provided.
  • the RFID tag signal may include information such as vehicle type, vehicle number, vehicle owner, and the like. Accordingly, the vehicle-related information such as the vehicle number may be grasped by the received RFID tag signal without the need for an image processing operation for separately recognizing the license plate.
  • the vehicle may be installed at traffic lights without being buried in a road like a loop detector, and thus the position and speed of the vehicle. Can be identified.
  • Traffic lights can be controlled according to the situation, thus saving public time and money.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an apparatus for controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions and controlling traffic violations using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state in which an RFID antenna is installed at an RFID reader at a predetermined interval to measure a difference in phase values of a received RFID tag signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a method of calculating a first incident angle ⁇ 1 of an RFID tag signal by using a phase value difference of a received RFID tag signal in order to calculate a position and a speed of a moving object according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The figure shown.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a method of calculating a distance L from an RFID antenna to an RFID tag by applying a first incident angle ⁇ 1 and a second incident angle ⁇ 2 of an RFID tag signal to triangulation.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a method for calculating a distance r from a RFID antenna to a vehicle using an RFID tag and a height h of an RFID reader.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a method for controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus for controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID receives a signal of the RFID tag from the moving object, and the phase value difference of the received RFID tag signal Performs wireless communication with RFID antennas, RFID tags installed at regular intervals for measurement, RFID readers for analyzing the information contained in the received RFID tag signals, and calculates the analyzed information for transportation of RFID tags
  • the information may include vehicle number, strength of RFID tag signal, and phase value ⁇ information of RFID tag signal.
  • the RFID reader transmits a command to read an RFID tag at predetermined time intervals
  • the RFID antenna receives an RFID tag signal including moving object information transmitted according to a command
  • the control unit receives an RFID frequency f, a distance between the RFID antennas, a strength of the received RFID tag signal, and a phase value of the received RFID tag signal ( ⁇ ) information can be used to calculate the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag, determine the location of the moving object using the calculated distance, and calculate the speed of the moving object using the identified location of the moving object and a predetermined time interval.
  • the control unit has a phase value of an RFID tag signal received at an RFID antenna installed at regular intervals.
  • the two angles of incidence of the RFID tag signal are calculated using the RFID frequency f and the distance d between the antennas corresponding to the strength of the received RFID tag signal, and the two incident angles are applied to the triangulation method.
  • the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag can be calculated.
  • the control unit may control the reception of the received signals of the RFID tags received at RFID antennas installed at regular intervals. comparison, and strength is most two mutually phase of the RFID tag signal received on the other antenna obtaining ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2, and the phase difference in the obtained phase value ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 of the received signal strength ( ⁇ ⁇ 1 ), the first incident angle ⁇ 1 of the RFID tag signal is calculated using the calculated phase difference ⁇ 1 , the RFID frequency f, and the distance d 1 between different antennas, Acquire phase values ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 of the RFID tag signals received at two different antennas with the second largest intensity of the received signal, and obtain phase differences ⁇ 2 at the acquired phase values ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 .
  • the strength of the received RFID tag signal and the phase value of the received RFID tag signal ( ⁇ ) calculating the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag using the information, and using the calculated distance to determine the position of the moving object, the strength of the received signal of the RFID tag received at the RFID antenna installed at regular intervals Compare and compare the phase values ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 of the RFID tag signals received at two different antennas with the greatest intensity , Calculate the phase difference ⁇ 1 from the obtained phase values ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 , calculate the calculated phase difference ⁇ 1 , the RFID frequency f, and the distance between different antennas d 1 Calculating the first angle of incidence ⁇ 1 of the RFID tag signal by using DELTA), and obtaining phase values ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 of the RFID tag signal received from two different antennas, the second having the highest intensity of the received signal.
  • the phase difference ⁇ 2 is calculated from the obtained phase values ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 , and the calculated phase difference ⁇ 2 , the RFID frequency f and the distance d 2 between different antennas are calculated.
  • the method may include calculating the position of the moving object by using the calculated distance and the calculated distance.
  • a computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for executing the above method on a computer may be provided.
  • any part of the specification is to “include” any component, this means that it may further include other components, except to exclude other components unless otherwise stated.
  • the terms “... unit”, “module”, etc. described in the specification mean a unit for processing at least one function or operation, which may be implemented in hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software. .
  • a part of the specification is “connected” to another part, this includes not only “directly connected”, but also “connected with other elements in the middle”.
  • an apparatus 100 for controlling traffic violations using RFID and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions includes an RFID antenna 10, an RFID reader 20, a controller 30, and a traffic signal controller. 40 and the communication unit 50 may be included.
  • the RFID antenna 10 may receive a signal of an RFID tag from a moving object and measure phase value ⁇ information of the received RFID tag signal.
  • the mobile body may refer to a vehicle, a device for moving or transporting a vehicle, a motorized bicycle, a monorail, a tram, and the like, and the RFID tag is mounted on the mobile body to grasp information, location, and speed related to the mobile body. You can send a signal.
  • the RFID antenna 10 receives and analyzes the received RFID tag signal.
  • Car-related information such as vehicle number can be obtained.
  • the position, speed, etc. of the vehicle may be determined using the phase value ⁇ information of the received RFID tag signal.
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing a state in which the RFID antenna 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed in the RFID reader 20 at regular intervals so as to measure the phase difference of the received RFID tag signal.
  • the RFID antenna 10 may be installed in a circular shape at a predetermined interval of 30 degrees on the RFID reader 20 so as to measure a phase difference of the received RFID tag signal.
  • the interval of the RFID antenna 10 may be set to be suitable for measuring the phase value difference of the RFID tag signal, it can be freely set at various angles other than 30 degrees.
  • the arrangement shape of the RFID antenna 10 may also be set to be suitable for measuring a phase value difference such as a rectangle and a triangle in addition to a circular shape.
  • the RFID reader 20 may perform wireless communication with an RFID tag and analyze information included in the received RFID tag signal.
  • the RFID reader 20 and the RFID tag may perform wireless communication using various frequencies such as 135 kHz, 13.56 MHz, 433 MHz, 900 MHz, and 2.4 GHz, and may be divided into active and passive according to an operation method.
  • Passive RFID method is used as a power for transmitting information from the RFID tag based on the power received from the RFID reader 20, the strength of the signal is weak and has a very short distance of up to about 10m.
  • the active RFID method since both the RFID reader 20 and the RFID tag have their own power, the RFID tag received the information transmission request from the RFID reader 20 can transmit the information using its own power. The intensity is strong and the reach is very long, up to 100m.
  • the RFID reader 20 may analyze information included in the RFID tag signal received through the RFID antenna 10.
  • the RFID tag may be mounted on the moving object to wirelessly transmit an RFID tag signal including the moving object related information
  • the RFID reader 20 may wirelessly receive the RFID tag signal through the RFID antenna 10.
  • the mobile-related information included in the can be analyzed. That is, the RFID reader 20 may analyze the moving object related information such as the type of the moving object, the vehicle number, the owner, and the like through the received RFID tag signal, and the strength and phase of the RFID tag signal to calculate the speed and position of the moving object. Value information and the like can be analyzed.
  • the RFID reader 20 receives the RFID tag signal through the RFID antenna 10 installed at regular intervals, thereby analyzing the phase value difference and the strength of the RFID tag signal received from each RFID antenna. Can be.
  • the RFID reader 20 may transmit a command to read an RFID tag at predetermined time intervals.
  • the RFID reader 20 requests transmission to the RFID tag at predetermined time intervals, and when the received RFID tag transmits the RFID tag signal, the RFID reader 20 transmits the RFID tag signal at predetermined time intervals. Can be received.
  • the control unit 30 may calculate the analyzed information to determine the traffic law violation and the traffic situation of the mobile body equipped with the RFID tag.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a first incident angle ⁇ 1 of the RFID tag signal by using the phase value difference of the received RFID tag signal to calculate the position and speed of the moving object according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the method.
  • the controller 30 may use the strength and phase value difference of the RFID tag signal analyzed by the RFID reader 20 to calculate the position and speed of the moving object.
  • the controller 30 determines two different antennas having the largest strength of the RFID tag signal analyzed by the RFID reader 20, and phase values ⁇ of the RFID tag signals received from the different antennas. 1 and ⁇ 2 may be obtained, and the first incident angle ⁇ 1 of the RFID tag signal may be calculated using the phase difference ⁇ 1 calculated from the obtained phase values ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 .
  • the controller 30 uses the phase difference ⁇ 1 of the RFID tag signal, the RFID frequency f, and the distance d 1 between different antennas as shown in Equation 1 below.
  • the first incident angle ⁇ 1 of the signal may be calculated.
  • Equation 1 c represents the speed of light.
  • the controller 30 may calculate the second incident angle ⁇ 2 of the additional RFID tag signal by using two different antennas having the second largest strength of the RFID tag signal analyzed by the RFID reader 20. have.
  • the control unit 30 is two mutually second intensities of the RFID tag signal analyzed by the RFID reader 20. determining the different antennas, and each acquire the phase value ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 of the RFID tag signal received on the other antenna, by using the phase difference ( ⁇ ⁇ 2) calculated from the obtained phase value ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 RFID
  • the second incident angle ⁇ 2 of the tag signal may be calculated.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a method of calculating a distance L from an RFID antenna 10 to an RFID tag by applying a first incident angle ⁇ 1 and a second incident angle ⁇ 2 of an RFID tag signal to triangulation. .
  • the controller 30 uses the following [Equation 2] in which the first incident angle ⁇ 1 and the second incident angle ⁇ 2 of the RFID tag signal are applied to the triangulation method.
  • the distance (L) to can be calculated.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a method of calculating a distance r from a RFID antenna 10 to an RFID tag using a distance L from an RFID tag and a height h of the RFID reader 20. to be.
  • the controller 30 uses the Pythagorean theorem of the following [Equation 3], for example, the position L from the calculated RFID antenna 10 to the RFID tag and the height of the pre-measured RFID reader 20 ( h) may be used to calculate the distance r to the mobile body (car) to which the RFID tag is attached.
  • the controller 30 can calculate the distance r to the moving object (car) to which the RFID tag is attached, and the RFID reader 20 receives the RFID tag signal at predetermined time intervals, You can calculate the speed, which is the travel distance.
  • the controller 30 may control the RFID reader 20.
  • the controller 30 may control the RFID reader 20.
  • To determine the position of the moving object by calculating the analyzed RFID tag signal, and to calculate the speed of the moving object as shown in [Equation 4] using the detected position (s) of the moving object and a predetermined time interval of 0.1 second. have.
  • control unit 30 may calculate the position and speed of the moving object to determine the violation of traffic laws and traffic conditions.
  • the controller 30 may also calculate the speed of the moving object using Equation 4. That is, the controller 30 may calculate and determine all the lanes and stop lines of the vehicle, whether the vehicle violates, the direction of travel of the vehicle, and comply with the prescribed speed by grasping the absolute position of the vehicle and the speed of the vehicle. Violations of the law can be determined.
  • the controller 30 may determine that the vehicle entering the stop line is a signal violation after the color of the traffic light turns orange, and interrupts a vehicle that cuts in the middle of another vehicle when the vehicles are arranged in a line. It can be judged as a violation.
  • the lane information on which the vehicle travels can detect most violations related to vehicle traffic on other roads, including center line violations, bus lane violations, lack of safety distances, and traffic classification violations.
  • the controller 30 may determine the road situation near the road where the RFID reader 20 is installed.
  • the traffic signal controller 40 may control the traffic light in accordance with the traffic situation determined by the controller 30.
  • the traffic signal controller 40 may control the traffic light to smoothly flow the vehicle according to the determined road condition. have. That is, when the control unit 30 determines that the traffic volume on the road is large, the traffic signal control unit 40 may control the traffic light to keep the green light for a long time so that the traffic proceeds smoothly.
  • the communication unit 50 may transmit the traffic violations to the server.
  • the controller 30 may transmit the fact of the violation of the traffic law to the server using the communication unit 50. That is, the controller 30 may transmit the information of the vehicle number, the vehicle owner, etc. included in the RFID tag signal to the server along with the fact that the traffic laws are violated, such as speeding and stop line violation.
  • the communication unit 50 may be connected to the server through a network, wired or wireless.
  • the communication unit 50 may include at least one of a LAN or WAN, an Internet, and a telephone network module through wired communication, and wireless (wireless fidelity), Bluetooth, and NFC (wireless) through wireless communication. near field communication) module.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a method for controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the RFID reader 20 requests a transmission of an RFID tag signal of an RFID tag by transmitting a command to read the RFID tag at predetermined time intervals (S10), and the RFID tag receiving the request is an RFID tag signal.
  • the RFID reader 20 may receive the RFID tag signal at a predetermined time interval through the RFID antenna 10 (S20).
  • the controller 30 calculates the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag using the strength and phase value difference of the RFID tag signal analyzed by the RFID reader 20 (S30), and calculates the distance from the calculated RFID antenna to the RFID tag.
  • the position and the speed of the vehicle may be calculated using the distance and the predetermined time interval (for example, 0.1 second) (S40).
  • the controller 30 may determine the traffic law violation and the traffic situation using the calculated position and speed of the vehicle (S50), and the traffic rule violation is included in the RFID tag signal using the communication unit 50.
  • the vehicle information may be transmitted to the control server together with the vehicle information (S60).
  • the control unit 30 may transmit the traffic condition information to the traffic flow control server using the communication unit 50, and may cause the traffic signal control unit 40 to control the traffic signal according to the traffic condition (S70).
  • the operations may be set such that the RFID reader 20 is repeated at a predetermined time interval for requesting transmission of the RFID tag signal, for example, every 0.1 second (S80).
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the RFID reader 20 may transmit a command to read an RFID tag at predetermined time intervals.
  • the predetermined time interval is used for calculating the speed of the moving object, and may be set in advance to be suitable for calculating the speed of the moving object.
  • the RFID reader 20 may receive and analyze the RFID tag signal including the moving object information transmitted according to the command through the RFID antenna 10.
  • the moving object information included in the RFID tag signal may include moving object related information such as a moving object type, a vehicle number, a vehicle owner, and the strength and phase information of the RFID tag signal in order to calculate the speed and position of the moving object.
  • the controller 30 may include information included in the RFID tag signal, for example, the strength of the received RFID tag signal, the phase value ⁇ information of the received RFID tag signal, the RFID frequency f, and the received RFID tag.
  • the distance from the RFID antenna 10 to the RFID tag may be calculated using the distance d between the antennas corresponding to the signal strength, and the position of the moving object may be determined using the calculated distance.
  • step S400 the controller 30 may calculate the speed of the moving object using the identified position of the moving object and a predetermined time interval. For example, the controller 30 may calculate the speed of the moving object by applying the identified position of the moving object and a predetermined time interval to Equation 4 described above.
  • the controller 30 may determine the violation of traffic laws and the traffic situation of the moving object by using the calculated speed of the moving object and the determined position of the moving object.
  • the controller 30 may calculate the absolute position of the moving object on the road in consideration of the position of the RFID reader 20. That is, the controller 30 may determine the violation of traffic laws and the traffic situation according to each situation by grasping the absolute position of the moving object and the speed of the moving object.
  • step S600 the controller 30 may transmit the determined traffic law violation to the server using the communication unit 50, and allow the traffic signal controller 40 to control the traffic light in accordance with the determined traffic situation. have.
  • the communication unit 50 violates the traffic laws such as speeding up information on the vehicle number, the vehicle owner, etc. included in the RFID tag signal, and the stopping line violation. It can be sent to the server with the facts.
  • the controller 30 may transmit the traffic state information determined by the communication unit 50 to the traffic flow control server.
  • the controller 30 may allow the traffic signal controller 40 to control the traffic light according to the determined traffic situation.
  • the traffic regulations may be controlled using the above-described RFID and traffic lights may be controlled according to traffic conditions.
  • the content of the controlling device 100 may be applied. Accordingly, in relation to a method of controlling traffic violations using RFID and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions, an apparatus for controlling traffic violations using RFID described above and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions (100) The descriptions identical to those for) are omitted.
  • Computer readable media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer and includes both volatile and nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media.
  • Computer readable media may include all computer storage media.
  • Computer storage media includes both volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data.

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Abstract

The apparatus for controlling traffic law violations by means of RFID and controlling a traffic light according to traffic conditions, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises: RFID antennas which receive signals of an RFID tag from a moving object and are installed at predetermined intervals so as to measure the phase value difference of the received RFID tag signals; an RFID reader for wirelessly communicating with the RFID tag and analyzing pieces of information included in the received signals of the RFID tag; a control unit for calculating the analyzed pieces of information and thereby determining the traffic law violation of the moving object, having the RFID tag mounted thereon, and traffic conditions; a traffic signal control unit for controlling a traffic light according to the traffic conditions determined by the control unit; and a communication unit for transmitting to a server the fact that the moving object has violated a traffic law, wherein the pieces of information included in the received signals of the RFID tag may include information on a vehicle number, the strength of the RFID tag signals, and the phase value (Φ) of the RFID tag signals.

Description

RFID를 이용하여 교통 신호등과 연동하면서 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고, 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치Interlocking with traffic lights by using RFID to control traffic violations and control traffic lights according to traffic conditions
본 발명은 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 차이를 측정할 수 있도록 일정 간격으로 설치된 RFID 안테나를 이용하여 이동체로부터 RFID 태그의 신호를 수신하고, 수신된 RFID 태그의 신호에 포함된 정보들을 분석, 계산하여 RFID 태그가 장착된 이동체의 위치 및 속도를 파악함으로써 교통 법규 위반 및 교통 상황을 판단하는 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a device for controlling traffic violations using RFID and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions. More particularly, the present invention relates to an RFID antenna installed at regular intervals so as to measure a phase difference between RFID tag signals. RFID to determine the violation of traffic laws and traffic conditions by receiving the signal of the RFID tag from the moving object, and analyzing and calculating the information included in the received signal of the RFID tag to determine the position and speed of the moving object equipped with the RFID tag The present invention relates to a device for controlling traffic violations using traffic control and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions.
본 명세서는 2016년 10월 5일에 한국특허청에 제출된 한국 특허 출원 제 10-2016-0128636호의 출원일의 이익을 주장하며, 그 내용 전부는 본 발명에 포함된다.This specification claims the benefit of the application date of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2016-0128636 filed with the Korea Intellectual Property Office on October 5, 2016, the entire contents of which are included in the present invention.
교차로 및 보행자 횡단보도 등은 교통신호등이 설치되어 있음에도 전체 교통사고의 20%가 발생할 정도로 교통사고 발생위험율이 높은 장소이다. 이곳에서 발생하는 교통사고의 원인은 신호 위반, 과속, 교차로 주행 방법 위반 등으로 교통 법규 위반이 대부분을 차지하고 있다. 특히 교차로는 교통사고뿐만 아니라 교통 체증이 가장 많이 발생하는 곳으로, 원활하게 차량이 진행할 수 있도록 교통량에 따라서 적합한 교통 신호등의 제어를 필요로 한다. Intersections and pedestrian crossings are places where the risk of traffic accidents is high so that 20% of all traffic accidents occur even though traffic lights are installed. The most common causes of traffic accidents are traffic violations, such as signal violations, speeding and violations of how to drive at intersections. In particular, the intersection is a place where not only a traffic accident but also a lot of traffic jams occur, and it is necessary to control a traffic light appropriate to the traffic volume so that the vehicle can proceed smoothly.
일반적으로 교차로에서 교통 법규 위반 단속을 하는 방법은 도로에 루프 검지기를 매설하여 차량의 통과 속도와 시간을 감지하고, 교통 법규 위반 단속 카메라를 별도로 설치하여 해당 차량의 사진을 찍어서 차량번호판을 인식하는 방법이다. 이 방법은 도로 내에 루프 검지기를 매설해야 하므로 시간과 비용이 매우 많이 발생하며, 별도의 카메라로 촬영한 영상 이미지를 이용하여 인식 시간이 길고, 차량번호판을 인식하여 날씨와 상황에 따라서 영상 이미지가 좋지 못하여 인식이 되지 않는 경우도 발생할 수 있다. 또한, 신호 위반이나 과속 단속과 같이 정해진 용도의 교통 법규 위반만 단속할 수 있고, 루프 감지기가 설치된 차선만 단속이 가능하다는 단점이 있었다. 따라서, 비용과 설치 문제로 교통량이 많거나 교통사고가 빈번하게 발생하는 장소에만 주로 설치하여, 교통 법규 단속 방법으로는 비효율적인 문제점이 존재하였다. In general, the method of cracking down on traffic laws at an intersection is to embed a loop detector on the road to detect the speed and time of passing the vehicle, and to install a traffic violation cracking camera to take a picture of the vehicle and recognize the license plate. to be. This method requires a lot of time and money because the loop detector must be embedded in the road, and the recognition time is long by using the video image taken by a separate camera, and the image image is good according to the weather and the situation by recognizing the license plate. It may happen that it is not recognized. In addition, only traffic lanes with a loop detector can be cracked and only traffic lanes with a loop detector can be cracked. Therefore, due to cost and installation problems, mainly installed only in places with a lot of traffic or frequent traffic accidents, there was an inefficient problem as a traffic regulation enforcement method.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 창안된 것으로, RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 차이를 측정할 수 있도록 일정 간격으로 설치된 RFID 안테나를 이용하여 이동체로부터 RFID 태그의 신호를 수신하고, 수신된 RFID 태그의 신호에 포함된 정보들을 분석, 계산하여 RFID 태그가 장착된 이동체의 위치 및 속도를 파악함으로써 교통 법규 위반 및 교통 상황을 판단하는 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치를 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention was devised to solve the above problems, and receives a signal of an RFID tag from a moving object using an RFID antenna installed at regular intervals to measure a difference in phase value of the RFID tag signal, and receives the received RFID tag. Analyze and calculate the information contained in the signal of the vehicle to identify the location and speed of the moving object equipped with the RFID tag, and use the RFID to determine the violation of traffic laws and traffic conditions. The object is to provide a controlling device.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치는, 이동체로부터 RFID 태그의 신호를 수신하고, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 차이를 측정할 수 있도록 일정 간격으로 설치된 RFID 안테나, RFID 태그와 무선 통신을 수행하고, 수신된 RFID 태그의 신호에 포함된 정보들을 분석하는 RFID 리더, 분석된 정보들을 계산하여 RFID 태그가 장착된 이동체의 교통 법규 위반 및 교통 상황을 판단하는 제어부, 제어부에서 판단된 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 교통 신호 제어부 및 이동체의 교통 법규 위반 사실을 서버로 전송하는 통신부를 포함하고, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호에 포함된 정보들은 차량번호, RFID 태그 신호의 세기 및 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값(Φ) 정보를 포함할 수 있다. The apparatus for controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention, receives a signal of the RFID tag from the moving object, and the phase value difference of the received RFID tag signal Performs wireless communication with RFID antennas, RFID tags installed at regular intervals for measurement, RFID readers for analyzing the information contained in the received RFID tag signals, and calculates the analyzed information for transportation of RFID tags A control unit for determining a violation of the law and traffic conditions, a traffic signal control unit for controlling traffic lights according to the traffic conditions determined by the control unit and a communication unit for transmitting the traffic law violations of the moving object to the server, and included in the received RFID tag signal The information may include vehicle number, strength of RFID tag signal, and phase value Φ information of RFID tag signal.
또한, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치에 있어서, RFID 리더는 소정의 시간 간격마다 RFID 태그를 읽는 명령어를 전송하고, RFID 안테나는 명령어에 따라서 전송된 이동체 정보를 포함한 RFID 태그 신호를 수신하고, 제어부는 RFID 주파수(f), RFID 안테나 사이의 거리, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기 및 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값(Φ) 정보를 이용하여 RFID 안테나에서 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산하고, 계산된 거리를 이용하여 이동체의 위치를 파악하고, 파악된 이동체의 위치 및 소정의 시간 간격을 이용하여 이동체의 속도를 계산할 수 있다. In addition, in the apparatus for controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention, the RFID reader transmits a command to read an RFID tag at predetermined time intervals, The RFID antenna receives an RFID tag signal including moving object information transmitted according to a command, and the control unit receives an RFID frequency f, a distance between the RFID antennas, a strength of the received RFID tag signal, and a phase value of the received RFID tag signal ( Φ) information can be used to calculate the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag, determine the location of the moving object using the calculated distance, and calculate the speed of the moving object using the identified location of the moving object and a predetermined time interval. have.
또한, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치에 있어서, 제어부는 일정 간격으로 설치된 RFID 안테나에 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값들, RFID 주파수(f) 및 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기에 대응되는 안테나 사이의 거리(d)를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 두 개의 입사각을 계산하고, 계산된 두 개의 입사각을 삼각 측량법에 적용하여 RFID 안테나에서 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산할 수 있다. In addition, in the apparatus for controlling traffic violations according to traffic conditions and controlling traffic violations using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention, the control unit has a phase value of an RFID tag signal received at an RFID antenna installed at regular intervals. For example, the two angles of incidence of the RFID tag signal are calculated using the RFID frequency f and the distance d between the antennas corresponding to the strength of the received RFID tag signal, and the two incident angles are applied to the triangulation method. The distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag can be calculated.
또한, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치에 있어서, 제어부는 일정 간격으로 설치된 RFID 안테나에 수신된 RFID 태그의 수신 신호의 세기를 비교하고, 수신 신호의 세기가 가장 큰 2개의 서로 다른 안테나에서 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 Φ1 및 Φ2 를 획득하고, 획득된 위상값 Φ1 및 Φ2 에서 위상 차이(△Φ1)를 계산하고, 계산된 위상 차이(△Φ1), RFID 주파수(f) 및 서로 다른 안테나 사이의 거리(d1)를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 제 1 입사각(θ1)을 계산하고, 수신 신호의 세기가 2번째로 큰 2개의 서로 다른 안테나에서 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 Φ3 및 Φ4 를 획득하고, 획득된 위상값 Φ3 및 Φ4 에서 위상 차이(△Φ2)를 계산하고, 계산된 위상 차이(△Φ2), RFID 주파수(f) 및 서로 다른 안테나 사이의 거리(d2)를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 제 2 입사각(θ2)을 계산하고, 계산된 제 1 입사각(θ1) 및 제 2 입사각(θ2)을 삼각 측량법에 적용하여 RFID 안테나에서 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산할 수 있다.In addition, in the apparatus for controlling traffic violations according to traffic conditions and controlling traffic violations using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention, the control unit may control the reception of the received signals of the RFID tags received at RFID antennas installed at regular intervals. comparison, and strength is most two mutually phase of the RFID tag signal received on the other antenna obtaining Φ 1 and Φ 2, and the phase difference in the obtained phase value Φ 1 and Φ 2 of the received signal strength (△ Φ 1 ), the first incident angle θ 1 of the RFID tag signal is calculated using the calculated phase difference ΔΦ 1 , the RFID frequency f, and the distance d 1 between different antennas, Acquire phase values Φ 3 and Φ 4 of the RFID tag signals received at two different antennas with the second largest intensity of the received signal, and obtain phase differences ΔΦ 2 at the acquired phase values Φ 3 and Φ 4 . calculated and the calculated phase difference (△ Φ 2), RFID Frequency (f) and with each other, and using the distance (d 2) between the other antenna calculate a second angle of incidence (θ 2) of the RFID tag signal, the calculated first angle of incidence (θ 1) and a second angle of incidence (θ 2) Can be applied to triangulation to calculate the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 방법은, 소정의 시간 간격마다 RFID 태그를 읽는 명령어를 전송하는 단계, 명령어에 따라서 전송된 이동체 정보를 포함한 RFID 태그 신호를 수신하는 단계, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값(Φ) 정보, RFID 주파수(f) 및 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기에 대응되는 안테나 사이의 거리(d)를 이용하여 RFID 안테나에서 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산하고, 계산된 거리를 이용하여 이동체의 위치를 파악하는 단계, 파악된 이동체의 위치 및 소정의 시간 간격을 이용하여 이동체의 속도를 계산하는 단계, 계산된 이동체의 속도 및 파악된 이동체의 위치를 이용하여 이동체의 교통 법규 위반 및 교통 상황을 판단하는 단계 및 판단된 교통 법규 위반 사실은 서버로 전송하고, 판단된 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 단계를 포함할 수 있다. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method of controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include transmitting a command for reading an RFID tag at predetermined time intervals, and transmitting the command according to the command. Receiving an RFID tag signal including moving object information, an antenna corresponding to the strength of the received RFID tag signal, the phase value (Φ) information of the received RFID tag signal, the RFID frequency (f) and the strength of the received RFID tag signal Computing the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag using the distance (d) between, and using the calculated distance to determine the position of the moving object, using the identified position of the moving object and a predetermined time interval Calculating the speed, using the calculated speed of the moving object and the identified position of the moving object to determine the traffic violation and the traffic situation of the moving object In fact, it violates traffic laws can include the step of transmitting to the server and control the traffic lights according to the traffic situation determination.
또한, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 방법에 있어서, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기 및 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값(Φ) 정보를 이용하여 RFID 안테나에서 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산하고, 계산된 거리를 이용하여 이동체의 위치를 파악하는 단계는, 일정 간격으로 설치된 RFID 안테나에 수신된 RFID 태그의 수신 신호의 세기를 비교하고, 수신 신호의 세기가 가장 큰 2개의 서로 다른 안테나에서 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 Φ1 및 Φ2 를 획득하고, 획득된 위상값 Φ1 및 Φ2 에서 위상 차이(△Φ1)를 계산하고, 계산된 위상 차이(△Φ1), RFID 주파수(f) 및 서로 다른 안테나 사이의 거리(d1)를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 제 1 입사각(θ1)을 계산하는 단계, 수신 신호의 세기가 2번째로 큰 2개의 서로 다른 안테나에서 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 Φ3 및 Φ4 를 획득하고, 획득된 위상값 Φ3 및 Φ4 에서 위상 차이(△Φ2)를 계산하고, 계산된 위상 차이(△Φ2), RFID 주파수(f) 및 서로 다른 안테나 사이의 거리(d2)를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 제 2 입사각(θ2)을 계산하는 단계, 계산된 제 1 입사각(θ1) 및 제 2 입사각(θ2)을 삼각 측량법에 적용하여 RFID 안테나에서 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산하는 단계 및 계산된 거리를 이용하여 이동체의 위치를 파악하는 단계를 포함할 수 있다.Further, in a method of controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention, the strength of the received RFID tag signal and the phase value of the received RFID tag signal ( Φ) calculating the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag using the information, and using the calculated distance to determine the position of the moving object, the strength of the received signal of the RFID tag received at the RFID antenna installed at regular intervals Compare and compare the phase values Φ 1 and Φ 2 of the RFID tag signals received at two different antennas with the greatest intensity , Calculate the phase difference ΔΦ 1 from the obtained phase values Φ 1 and Φ 2 , calculate the calculated phase difference ΔΦ 1 , the RFID frequency f, and the distance between different antennas d 1 Calculating the first angle of incidence θ 1 of the RFID tag signal by using DELTA), and obtaining phase values Φ 3 and Φ 4 of the RFID tag signal received from two different antennas, the second having the highest intensity of the received signal. The phase difference ΔΦ 2 is calculated from the obtained phase values Φ 3 and Φ 4 , and the calculated phase difference ΔΦ 2 , the RFID frequency f and the distance d 2 between different antennas are calculated. Calculating a second incidence angle θ 2 of the RFID tag signal using the calculated first incidence angle θ 1 and the second incidence angle θ 2 in a triangulation method to determine a distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag. The method may include calculating the position of the moving object by using the calculated distance and the calculated distance.
한편, 본 발명의 일 실시예로써, 전술한 방법을 컴퓨터에서 실행시키기 위한 프로그램을 기록한 컴퓨터로 읽을 수 있는 기록매체가 제공될 수 있다.Meanwhile, as an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for executing the above method on a computer may be provided.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치에 따르면, RFID 태그 신호에 차량 종류, 차량 번호, 차량 소유주 등의 정보를 포함할 수 있어서, 별도로 차량 번호판을 인식하기 위한 영상 처리 작업의 필요 없이 수신한 RFID 태그 신호로 차량 번호 등의 차량 관련 정보를 파악할 수 있다. According to the apparatus for controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention, the RFID tag signal may include information such as vehicle type, vehicle number, vehicle owner, and the like. Accordingly, the vehicle-related information such as the vehicle number may be grasped by the received RFID tag signal without the need for an image processing operation for separately recognizing the license plate.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치에 따르면, 루프 감지기처럼 도로에 매설할 필요 없이 교통 신호등에 설치하여 차량의 위치 및 속도를 파악할 수 있다. According to an apparatus for controlling traffic violations using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions, the vehicle may be installed at traffic lights without being buried in a road like a loop detector, and thus the position and speed of the vehicle. Can be identified.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치에 따르면, RFID 태그 신호가 전송되는 거리에 있는 모든 차량에 대하여 교통 법규 위반 단속 및 교통 상황에 따른 교통 신호등 제어가 가능하므로 공공의 시간과 비용을 절감시킬 수 있다.According to an apparatus for controlling traffic violations using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions, traffic violation enforcement and traffic violation for all vehicles in a distance where an RFID tag signal is transmitted Traffic lights can be controlled according to the situation, thus saving public time and money.
도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치의 구성을 나타낸 블록도이다.1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an apparatus for controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions and controlling traffic violations using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID 안테나가 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 차이를 측정할 수 있도록 RFID 리더에 일정 간격으로 설치된 모습을 나타낸 도면이다. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state in which an RFID antenna is installed at an RFID reader at a predetermined interval to measure a difference in phase values of a received RFID tag signal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 이동체의 위치 및 속도를 계산하기 위해서 제어부가 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 차이를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 제 1 입사각(θ1)을 계산하는 방법을 나타낸 도면이다. 3 illustrates a method of calculating a first incident angle θ 1 of an RFID tag signal by using a phase value difference of a received RFID tag signal in order to calculate a position and a speed of a moving object according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. The figure shown.
도 4는 RFID 태그 신호의 제 1 입사각(θ1) 및 제 2 입사각(θ2)을 삼각 측량법에 적용하여 RFID 안테나에서 RFID 태그까지의 거리(L)를 계산하는 방법을 나타낸 도면이다. 4 is a diagram illustrating a method of calculating a distance L from an RFID antenna to an RFID tag by applying a first incident angle θ 1 and a second incident angle θ 2 of an RFID tag signal to triangulation.
도 5는 RFID 안테나에서 RFID 태그까지의 거리(L) 및 RFID 리더의 높이(h)를 이용하여 RFID 태그가 부착된 자동차까지의 거리(r)를 계산하는 방법을 나타낸 도면이다. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a method for calculating a distance r from a RFID antenna to a vehicle using an RFID tag and a height h of an RFID reader.
도 6은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 방법을 개략적으로 나타낸 흐름도이다.6 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a method for controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 7은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 방법을 나타낸 순서도이다.7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치는, 이동체로부터 RFID 태그의 신호를 수신하고, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 차이를 측정할 수 있도록 일정 간격으로 설치된 RFID 안테나, RFID 태그와 무선 통신을 수행하고, 수신된 RFID 태그의 신호에 포함된 정보들을 분석하는 RFID 리더, 분석된 정보들을 계산하여 RFID 태그가 장착된 이동체의 교통 법규 위반 및 교통 상황을 판단하는 제어부, 제어부에서 판단된 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 교통 신호 제어부 및 이동체의 교통 법규 위반 사실을 서버로 전송하는 통신부를 포함하고, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호에 포함된 정보들은 차량번호, RFID 태그 신호의 세기 및 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값(Φ) 정보를 포함할 수 있다. The apparatus for controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention, receives a signal of the RFID tag from the moving object, and the phase value difference of the received RFID tag signal Performs wireless communication with RFID antennas, RFID tags installed at regular intervals for measurement, RFID readers for analyzing the information contained in the received RFID tag signals, and calculates the analyzed information for transportation of RFID tags A control unit for determining a violation of the law and traffic conditions, a traffic signal control unit for controlling traffic lights according to the traffic conditions determined by the control unit and a communication unit for transmitting the traffic law violations of the moving object to the server, and included in the received RFID tag signal The information may include vehicle number, strength of RFID tag signal, and phase value Φ information of RFID tag signal.
또한, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치에 있어서, RFID 리더는 소정의 시간 간격마다 RFID 태그를 읽는 명령어를 전송하고, RFID 안테나는 명령어에 따라서 전송된 이동체 정보를 포함한 RFID 태그 신호를 수신하고, 제어부는 RFID 주파수(f), RFID 안테나 사이의 거리, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기 및 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값(Φ) 정보를 이용하여 RFID 안테나에서 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산하고, 계산된 거리를 이용하여 이동체의 위치를 파악하고, 파악된 이동체의 위치 및 소정의 시간 간격을 이용하여 이동체의 속도를 계산할 수 있다. In addition, in the apparatus for controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention, the RFID reader transmits a command to read an RFID tag at predetermined time intervals, The RFID antenna receives an RFID tag signal including moving object information transmitted according to a command, and the control unit receives an RFID frequency f, a distance between the RFID antennas, a strength of the received RFID tag signal, and a phase value of the received RFID tag signal ( Φ) information can be used to calculate the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag, determine the location of the moving object using the calculated distance, and calculate the speed of the moving object using the identified location of the moving object and a predetermined time interval. have.
또한, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치에 있어서, 제어부는 일정 간격으로 설치된 RFID 안테나에 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값들, RFID 주파수(f) 및 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기에 대응되는 안테나 사이의 거리(d)를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 두 개의 입사각을 계산하고, 계산된 두 개의 입사각을 삼각 측량법에 적용하여 RFID 안테나에서 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산할 수 있다. In addition, in the apparatus for controlling traffic violations according to traffic conditions and controlling traffic violations using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention, the control unit has a phase value of an RFID tag signal received at an RFID antenna installed at regular intervals. For example, the two angles of incidence of the RFID tag signal are calculated using the RFID frequency f and the distance d between the antennas corresponding to the strength of the received RFID tag signal, and the two incident angles are applied to the triangulation method. The distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag can be calculated.
또한, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치에 있어서, 제어부는 일정 간격으로 설치된 RFID 안테나에 수신된 RFID 태그의 수신 신호의 세기를 비교하고, 수신 신호의 세기가 가장 큰 2개의 서로 다른 안테나에서 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 Φ1 및 Φ2 를 획득하고, 획득된 위상값 Φ1 및 Φ2 에서 위상 차이(△Φ1)를 계산하고, 계산된 위상 차이(△Φ1), RFID 주파수(f) 및 서로 다른 안테나 사이의 거리(d1)를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 제 1 입사각(θ1)을 계산하고, 수신 신호의 세기가 2번째로 큰 2개의 서로 다른 안테나에서 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 Φ3 및 Φ4 를 획득하고, 획득된 위상값 Φ3 및 Φ4 에서 위상 차이(△Φ2)를 계산하고, 계산된 위상 차이(△Φ2), RFID 주파수(f) 및 서로 다른 안테나 사이의 거리(d2)를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 제 2 입사각(θ2)을 계산하고, 계산된 제 1 입사각(θ1) 및 제 2 입사각(θ2)을 삼각 측량법에 적용하여 RFID 안테나에서 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산할 수 있다.In addition, in the apparatus for controlling traffic violations according to traffic conditions and controlling traffic violations using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention, the control unit may control the reception of the received signals of the RFID tags received at RFID antennas installed at regular intervals. comparison, and strength is most two mutually phase of the RFID tag signal received on the other antenna obtaining Φ 1 and Φ 2, and the phase difference in the obtained phase value Φ 1 and Φ 2 of the received signal strength (△ Φ 1 ), the first incident angle θ 1 of the RFID tag signal is calculated using the calculated phase difference ΔΦ 1 , the RFID frequency f, and the distance d 1 between different antennas, Acquire phase values Φ 3 and Φ 4 of the RFID tag signals received at two different antennas with the second largest intensity of the received signal, and obtain phase differences ΔΦ 2 at the acquired phase values Φ 3 and Φ 4 . calculated and the calculated phase difference (△ Φ 2), RFID Frequency (f) and with each other, and using the distance (d 2) between the other antenna calculate a second angle of incidence (θ 2) of the RFID tag signal, the calculated first angle of incidence (θ 1) and a second angle of incidence (θ 2) Can be applied to triangulation to calculate the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 방법은, 소정의 시간 간격마다 RFID 태그를 읽는 명령어를 전송하는 단계, 명령어에 따라서 전송된 이동체 정보를 포함한 RFID 태그 신호를 수신하는 단계, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값(Φ) 정보, RFID 주파수(f) 및 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기에 대응되는 안테나 사이의 거리(d)를 이용하여 RFID 안테나에서 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산하고, 계산된 거리를 이용하여 이동체의 위치를 파악하는 단계, 파악된 이동체의 위치 및 소정의 시간 간격을 이용하여 이동체의 속도를 계산하는 단계, 계산된 이동체의 속도 및 파악된 이동체의 위치를 이용하여 이동체의 교통 법규 위반 및 교통 상황을 판단하는 단계 및 판단된 교통 법규 위반 사실은 서버로 전송하고, 판단된 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 단계를 포함할 수 있다. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method of controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include transmitting a command for reading an RFID tag at predetermined time intervals, and transmitting the command according to the command. Receiving an RFID tag signal including moving object information, an antenna corresponding to the strength of the received RFID tag signal, the phase value (Φ) information of the received RFID tag signal, the RFID frequency (f) and the strength of the received RFID tag signal Computing the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag using the distance (d) between, and using the calculated distance to determine the position of the moving object, using the identified position of the moving object and a predetermined time interval Calculating the speed, using the calculated speed of the moving object and the identified position of the moving object to determine the traffic violation and the traffic situation of the moving object In fact, it violates traffic laws can include the step of transmitting to the server and control the traffic lights according to the traffic situation determination.
또한, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 방법에 있어서, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기 및 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값(Φ) 정보를 이용하여 RFID 안테나에서 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산하고, 계산된 거리를 이용하여 이동체의 위치를 파악하는 단계는, 일정 간격으로 설치된 RFID 안테나에 수신된 RFID 태그의 수신 신호의 세기를 비교하고, 수신 신호의 세기가 가장 큰 2개의 서로 다른 안테나에서 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 Φ1 및 Φ2 를 획득하고, 획득된 위상값 Φ1 및 Φ2 에서 위상 차이(△Φ1)를 계산하고, 계산된 위상 차이(△Φ1), RFID 주파수(f) 및 서로 다른 안테나 사이의 거리(d1)를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 제 1 입사각(θ1)을 계산하는 단계, 수신 신호의 세기가 2번째로 큰 2개의 서로 다른 안테나에서 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 Φ3 및 Φ4 를 획득하고, 획득된 위상값 Φ3 및 Φ4 에서 위상 차이(△Φ2)를 계산하고, 계산된 위상 차이(△Φ2), RFID 주파수(f) 및 서로 다른 안테나 사이의 거리(d2)를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 제 2 입사각(θ2)을 계산하는 단계, 계산된 제 1 입사각(θ1) 및 제 2 입사각(θ2)을 삼각 측량법에 적용하여 RFID 안테나에서 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산하는 단계 및 계산된 거리를 이용하여 이동체의 위치를 파악하는 단계를 포함할 수 있다.Further, in a method of controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention, the strength of the received RFID tag signal and the phase value of the received RFID tag signal ( Φ) calculating the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag using the information, and using the calculated distance to determine the position of the moving object, the strength of the received signal of the RFID tag received at the RFID antenna installed at regular intervals Compare and compare the phase values Φ 1 and Φ 2 of the RFID tag signals received at two different antennas with the greatest intensity , Calculate the phase difference ΔΦ 1 from the obtained phase values Φ 1 and Φ 2 , calculate the calculated phase difference ΔΦ 1 , the RFID frequency f, and the distance between different antennas d 1 Calculating the first angle of incidence θ 1 of the RFID tag signal by using DELTA), and obtaining phase values Φ 3 and Φ 4 of the RFID tag signal received from two different antennas, the second having the highest intensity of the received signal. The phase difference ΔΦ 2 is calculated from the obtained phase values Φ 3 and Φ 4 , and the calculated phase difference ΔΦ 2 , the RFID frequency f and the distance d 2 between different antennas are calculated. Calculating a second incidence angle θ 2 of the RFID tag signal using the calculated first incidence angle θ 1 and the second incidence angle θ 2 in a triangulation method to determine a distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag. The method may include calculating the position of the moving object by using the calculated distance and the calculated distance.
한편, 본 발명의 일 실시예로써, 전술한 방법을 컴퓨터에서 실행시키기 위한 프로그램을 기록한 컴퓨터로 읽을 수 있는 기록매체가 제공될 수 있다.Meanwhile, as an embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for executing the above method on a computer may be provided.
아래에서는 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명이 속하는 기술 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자가 용이하게 실시할 수 있도록 본 발명의 실시예를 상세히 설명한다. 그러나 본 발명은 여러 가지 상이한 형태로 구현될 수 있으며 여기에서 설명하는 실시예에 한정되지 않는다. 그리고 도면에서 본 발명을 명확하게 설명하기 위해서 설명과 관계없는 부분은 생략하였으며, 명세서 전체를 통하여 유사한 부분에 대해서는 유사한 도면 부호를 붙였다. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art may easily implement the present invention. As those skilled in the art would realize, the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways, all without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. In the drawings, parts irrelevant to the description are omitted in order to clearly describe the present invention, and like reference numerals designate like parts throughout the specification.
본 명세서에서 사용되는 용어에 대해 간략히 설명하고, 본 발명에 대해 구체적으로 설명하기로 한다. Terms used herein will be briefly described and the present invention will be described in detail.
본 발명에서 사용되는 용어는 본 발명에서의 기능을 고려하면서 가능한 현재 널리 사용되는 일반적인 용어들을 선택하였으나, 이는 당 분야에 종사하는 기술자의 의도 또는 판례, 새로운 기술의 출현 등에 따라 달라질 수 있다. 또한, 특정한 경우는 출원인이 임의로 선정한 용어도 있으며, 이 경우 해당되는 발명의 설명 부분에서 상세히 그 의미를 기재할 것이다. 따라서 본 발명에서 사용되는 용어는 단순한 용어의 명칭이 아닌, 그 용어가 가지는 의미와 본 발명의 전반에 걸친 내용을 토대로 정의되어야 한다. The terms used in the present invention have been selected as widely used general terms as possible in consideration of the functions in the present invention, but this may vary according to the intention or precedent of the person skilled in the art, the emergence of new technologies and the like. In addition, in certain cases, there is also a term arbitrarily selected by the applicant, in which case the meaning will be described in detail in the description of the invention. Therefore, the terms used in the present invention should be defined based on the meanings of the terms and the contents throughout the present invention, rather than the names of the simple terms.
명세서 전체에서 어떤 부분이 어떤 구성요소를 "포함"한다고 할 때, 이는 특별히 반대되는 기재가 없는 한 다른 구성요소를 제외하는 것이 아니라 다른 구성요소를 더 포함할 수 있음을 의미한다. 또한, 명세서에 기재된 "...부", "모듈" 등의 용어는 적어도 하나의 기능이나 동작을 처리하는 단위를 의미하며, 이는 하드웨어 또는 소프트웨어로 구현되거나 하드웨어와 소프트웨어의 결합으로 구현될 수 있다. 또한, 명세서 전체에서 어떤 부분이 다른 부분과 "연결"되어 있다고 할 때, 이는 "직접적으로 연결"되어 있는 경우뿐 아니라, "그 중간에 다른 소자를 사이에 두고" 연결되어 있는 경우도 포함한다. When any part of the specification is to "include" any component, this means that it may further include other components, except to exclude other components unless otherwise stated. In addition, the terms "... unit", "module", etc. described in the specification mean a unit for processing at least one function or operation, which may be implemented in hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software. . In addition, when a part of the specification is "connected" to another part, this includes not only "directly connected", but also "connected with other elements in the middle".
이하 첨부된 도면을 참고하여 본 발명을 상세히 설명하기로 한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
도 1은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치(100)의 구성을 나타낸 블록도이다. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an apparatus 100 for controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions and controlling traffic violations using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 1을 참조하면, RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치(100)는 RFID 안테나(10), RFID 리더(20), 제어부(30), 교통신호 제어부(40) 및 통신부(50)를 포함할 수 있다. Referring to FIG. 1, an apparatus 100 for controlling traffic violations using RFID and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions includes an RFID antenna 10, an RFID reader 20, a controller 30, and a traffic signal controller. 40 and the communication unit 50 may be included.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID 안테나(10)는 이동체로부터 RFID 태그의 신호를 수신하고, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값(Φ) 정보를 측정할 수 있다. 여기에서, 이동체는 자동차, 전동자전거, 모노레일, 트램 등의 이동 또는 운반을 위한 장치, 차량을 지칭할 수 있으며, RFID 태그는 이동체와 관련된 정보, 위치, 속도를 파악할 수 있도록 이동체에 장착되어 RFID 태그 신호를 전송할 수 있다.The RFID antenna 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention may receive a signal of an RFID tag from a moving object and measure phase value Φ information of the received RFID tag signal. Here, the mobile body may refer to a vehicle, a device for moving or transporting a vehicle, a motorized bicycle, a monorail, a tram, and the like, and the RFID tag is mounted on the mobile body to grasp information, location, and speed related to the mobile body. You can send a signal.
예를 들어, RFID 태그를 자동차의 앞 번호판 또는 뒤 번호판에 부착하고 소정의 시간 간격으로 자동차 정보가 포함된 RFID 태그 신호를 전송하면 RFID 안테나(10)가 수신하고, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호를 분석하여 차량 번호 등 자동차 관련 정보를 파악할 수 있다. 또한, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값(Φ) 정보를 이용하여, 자동차의 위치, 속도 등을 파악할 수 있다.For example, when the RFID tag is attached to the front license plate or the rear license plate of the vehicle and transmits an RFID tag signal including vehicle information at predetermined time intervals, the RFID antenna 10 receives and analyzes the received RFID tag signal. Car-related information such as vehicle number can be obtained. In addition, the position, speed, etc. of the vehicle may be determined using the phase value Φ information of the received RFID tag signal.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID 안테나(10)가 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 차이를 측정할 수 있도록 RFID 리더(20)에 일정 간격으로 설치된 모습을 나타낸 도면이다. 2 is a view showing a state in which the RFID antenna 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed in the RFID reader 20 at regular intervals so as to measure the phase difference of the received RFID tag signal.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID 안테나(10)는 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 차이(△Φ)를 측정할 수 있도록, RFID 리더(20)에 일정 간격으로 설치될 수 있다.The RFID antenna 10 according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention may be installed at the RFID reader 20 at regular intervals so as to measure the phase difference ΔΦ of the received RFID tag signal.
도 2를 참조하면, RFID 안테나(10)는 수신한 RFID 태그 신호의 위상 차이를 측정할 수 있도록 RFID 리더(20)에 일정 간격인 30도 간격으로 원형으로 설치될 수 있다. 여기에서, RFID 안테나(10)의 간격은 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 차이 측정에 적합하도록 설정될 수 있으며, 30도 이외의 여러 각도로 자유롭게 설정될 수 있다. 또한, RFID 안테나(10)의 배치 모양도 원형 외에 사각형, 삼각형 등 위상값 차이 측정에 적합하도록 설정될 수 있다. Referring to FIG. 2, the RFID antenna 10 may be installed in a circular shape at a predetermined interval of 30 degrees on the RFID reader 20 so as to measure a phase difference of the received RFID tag signal. Here, the interval of the RFID antenna 10 may be set to be suitable for measuring the phase value difference of the RFID tag signal, it can be freely set at various angles other than 30 degrees. In addition, the arrangement shape of the RFID antenna 10 may also be set to be suitable for measuring a phase value difference such as a rectangle and a triangle in addition to a circular shape.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID 리더(20)는 RFID 태그와 무선 통신을 수행하고, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호에 포함된 정보들을 분석할 수 있다. The RFID reader 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention may perform wireless communication with an RFID tag and analyze information included in the received RFID tag signal.
예를 들어, RFID 리더(20)와 RFID 태그는 135kHz, 13.56MHz, 433MHz, 900MHz, 2.4GHz 등의 다양한 주파수를 사용하여 무선 통신을 수행할 수 있으며, 동작 방식에 따라 능동형과 수동형으로 나눌 수 있다. 수동형 RFID 방식은 RFID 리더(20)에서 받은 전력을 바탕으로 RFID 태그에서 정보를 송신하는 전력으로 사용하여, 신호의 세기가 약하고 도달 거리가 최대 10m정도로 매우 짧다는 단점이 있다. 능동형 RFID 방식은 RFID 리더(20)와 RFID 태그가 모두 자체 전력을 가지고 있어서, RFID 리더(20)에서 정보 송신 요청을 받은 RFID 태그가 자체 전력을 이용하여 정보를 송신할 수 있으며, RFID 태그 신호의 세기가 강하고 도달 거리도 최대 100m 정도로 매우 길다. For example, the RFID reader 20 and the RFID tag may perform wireless communication using various frequencies such as 135 kHz, 13.56 MHz, 433 MHz, 900 MHz, and 2.4 GHz, and may be divided into active and passive according to an operation method. . Passive RFID method is used as a power for transmitting information from the RFID tag based on the power received from the RFID reader 20, the strength of the signal is weak and has a very short distance of up to about 10m. In the active RFID method, since both the RFID reader 20 and the RFID tag have their own power, the RFID tag received the information transmission request from the RFID reader 20 can transmit the information using its own power. The intensity is strong and the reach is very long, up to 100m.
또한, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID 리더(20)는 RFID 안테나(10)를 통하여 수신된 RFID 태그 신호에 포함된 정보들을 분석할 수 있다.In addition, the RFID reader 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention may analyze information included in the RFID tag signal received through the RFID antenna 10.
예를 들어, RFID 태그는 전술한 바와 같이 이동체에 장착되어 이동체 관련 정보를 포함한 RFID 태그 신호를 무선으로 전송할 수 있고, RFID 리더(20)는 RFID 안테나(10)를 통하여 무선으로 수신된 RFID 태그 신호에 포함된 이동체 관련 정보를 분석할 수 있다. 즉, RFID 리더(20)는 수신된 RFID 태그 신호를 통하여 이동체의 종류, 차량 번호, 소유주 등의 이동체 관련 정보를 분석할 수 있고, 이동체의 속도, 위치를 계산하기 위해서 RFID 태그 신호의 세기, 위상값 정보 등을 분석할 수 있다. 예를 들어, RFID 리더(20)는 일정 간격으로 설치된 RFID 안테나(10)를 통하여 RFID 태그 신호를 수신함으로써, 각 RFID 안테나에서 수신한 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 차이 및 RFID 태그 신호의 세기를 분석할 수 있다.For example, as described above, the RFID tag may be mounted on the moving object to wirelessly transmit an RFID tag signal including the moving object related information, and the RFID reader 20 may wirelessly receive the RFID tag signal through the RFID antenna 10. The mobile-related information included in the can be analyzed. That is, the RFID reader 20 may analyze the moving object related information such as the type of the moving object, the vehicle number, the owner, and the like through the received RFID tag signal, and the strength and phase of the RFID tag signal to calculate the speed and position of the moving object. Value information and the like can be analyzed. For example, the RFID reader 20 receives the RFID tag signal through the RFID antenna 10 installed at regular intervals, thereby analyzing the phase value difference and the strength of the RFID tag signal received from each RFID antenna. Can be.
또한, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID 리더(20)는 소정의 시간 간격마다 RFID 태그를 읽는 명령어를 전송할 수 있다. 예를 들어, RFID 리더(20)는 소정의 시간 간격마다 RFID 태그에 전송을 요청하고, 요청을 수신한 RFID 태그가 RFID 태그 신호를 전송하면 RFID 리더(20)는 소정의 시간 간격으로 RFID 태그 신호를 수신할 수 있다. In addition, the RFID reader 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention may transmit a command to read an RFID tag at predetermined time intervals. For example, the RFID reader 20 requests transmission to the RFID tag at predetermined time intervals, and when the received RFID tag transmits the RFID tag signal, the RFID reader 20 transmits the RFID tag signal at predetermined time intervals. Can be received.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 제어부(30)는 분석된 정보들을 계산하여 RFID 태그가 장착된 이동체의 교통 법규 위반 및 교통 상황을 판단할 수 있다.The control unit 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention may calculate the analyzed information to determine the traffic law violation and the traffic situation of the mobile body equipped with the RFID tag.
예를 들어, 제어부(30)는 RFID 리더(20)가 분석한 RFID 태그 신호의 세기 및 위상값 차이 등을 이용하여 이동체의 위치를 파악하고, 파악된 이동체의 위치에서 속도를 계산할 수 있다. 또한, 제어부(30)는 파악된 이동체의 위치, 속도를 이용하여 이동체의 교통 법규 위반 및 교통 상황을 판단할 수 있다. For example, the controller 30 may determine the position of the moving object by using the strength and phase value difference of the RFID tag signal analyzed by the RFID reader 20, and calculate a speed at the determined position of the moving object. In addition, the controller 30 may determine the violation of the traffic laws and the traffic situation of the moving object using the identified position and speed of the moving object.
도 3은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 이동체의 위치 및 속도를 계산하기 위해서 제어부(30)가 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 차이를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 제 1 입사각(θ1)을 계산하는 방법을 나타낸 도면이다. FIG. 3 illustrates a first incident angle θ 1 of the RFID tag signal by using the phase value difference of the received RFID tag signal to calculate the position and speed of the moving object according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the method.
제어부(30)는 이동체의 위치 및 속도를 계산하기 위하여 RFID 리더(20)가 분석한 RFID 태그 신호의 세기 및 위상값 차이 등을 이용할 수 있다. The controller 30 may use the strength and phase value difference of the RFID tag signal analyzed by the RFID reader 20 to calculate the position and speed of the moving object.
도 3을 참조하면, 제어부(30)는 RFID 리더(20)를 통해 분석된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기가 가장 큰 2개의 서로 다른 안테나를 결정하고, 서로 다른 안테나에서 수신한 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 Φ1 및 Φ2 를 획득하고, 획득된 위상값 Φ1 및 Φ2 에서 계산된 위상 차이(△Φ1)를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 제 1 입사각(θ1)을 계산할 수 있다. Referring to FIG. 3, the controller 30 determines two different antennas having the largest strength of the RFID tag signal analyzed by the RFID reader 20, and phase values Φ of the RFID tag signals received from the different antennas. 1 and Φ 2 may be obtained, and the first incident angle θ 1 of the RFID tag signal may be calculated using the phase difference ΔΦ 1 calculated from the obtained phase values Φ 1 and Φ 2 .
즉, 제어부(30)는 다음의 [수학식 1]과 같이, RFID 태그 신호의 위상 차이(△Φ1), RFID 주파수(f) 및 서로 다른 안테나 사이의 거리(d1)를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 제 1 입사각(θ1)을 계산할 수 있다. That is, the controller 30 uses the phase difference ΔΦ 1 of the RFID tag signal, the RFID frequency f, and the distance d 1 between different antennas as shown in Equation 1 below. The first incident angle θ 1 of the signal may be calculated.
[수학식 1][Equation 1]
Figure PCTKR2017011011-appb-I000001
Figure PCTKR2017011011-appb-I000001
[수학식 1]에서 c는 빛의 속도를 나타낸다.In Equation 1, c represents the speed of light.
다음으로, 제어부(30)는 RFID 리더(20)를 통해 분석된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기가 2번째로 큰 2개의 서로 다른 안테나를 이용하여 추가적인 RFID 태그 신호의 제 2 입사각(θ2)을 계산할 수 있다. Next, the controller 30 may calculate the second incident angle θ 2 of the additional RFID tag signal by using two different antennas having the second largest strength of the RFID tag signal analyzed by the RFID reader 20. have.
예를 들면, 전술한 RFID 태그 신호의 제 1 입사각(θ1)의 계산 방법과 같이, 제어부(30)는 RFID 리더(20)를 통해 분석된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기가 2번째로 큰 2개의 서로 다른 안테나를 결정하고, 서로 다른 안테나에서 수신한 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 Φ3 및 Φ4 를 획득하고, 획득된 위상값 Φ3 및 Φ4 에서 계산된 위상 차이(△Φ2)를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 제 2 입사각(θ2)을 계산할 수 있다. For example, as in the method of calculating the first incident angle θ 1 of the RFID tag signal described above, the control unit 30 is two mutually second intensities of the RFID tag signal analyzed by the RFID reader 20. determining the different antennas, and each acquire the phase value Φ 3 and Φ 4 of the RFID tag signal received on the other antenna, by using the phase difference (△ Φ 2) calculated from the obtained phase value Φ 3 and Φ 4 RFID The second incident angle θ 2 of the tag signal may be calculated.
도 4는 RFID 태그 신호의 제 1 입사각(θ1) 및 제 2 입사각(θ2)을 삼각 측량법에 적용하여 RFID 안테나(10)에서 RFID 태그까지의 거리(L)를 계산하는 방법을 나타낸 도면이다. 4 is a diagram illustrating a method of calculating a distance L from an RFID antenna 10 to an RFID tag by applying a first incident angle θ 1 and a second incident angle θ 2 of an RFID tag signal to triangulation. .
즉, 제어부(30)는 RFID 태그 신호의 제 1 입사각(θ1) 및 제 2 입사각(θ2)을 삼각 측량법에 적용하는 다음의 [수학식 2]를 이용하여 RFID 안테나(10)에서 RFID 태그까지의 거리(L)를 계산할 수 있다.That is, the controller 30 uses the following [Equation 2] in which the first incident angle θ 1 and the second incident angle θ 2 of the RFID tag signal are applied to the triangulation method. The distance (L) to can be calculated.
[수학식 2][Equation 2]
Figure PCTKR2017011011-appb-I000002
Figure PCTKR2017011011-appb-I000002
도 5는 RFID 안테나(10)에서 RFID 태그까지의 거리(L) 및 RFID 리더(20)의 높이(h)를 이용하여 RFID 태그가 부착된 자동차까지의 거리(r)를 계산하는 방법을 나타낸 도면이다. 5 is a diagram illustrating a method of calculating a distance r from a RFID antenna 10 to an RFID tag using a distance L from an RFID tag and a height h of the RFID reader 20. to be.
즉, 제어부(30)는 다음 [수학식 3]의 피타고라스 정리를 이용하여, 예컨대, 계산된 RFID 안테나(10)에서 RFID 태그까지의 위치(L) 및 미리 측정된 RFID 리더(20)의 높이(h)를 이용하여 RFID 태그가 부착된 이동체(자동차)까지의 거리(r)를 계산할 수 있다.That is, the controller 30 uses the Pythagorean theorem of the following [Equation 3], for example, the position L from the calculated RFID antenna 10 to the RFID tag and the height of the pre-measured RFID reader 20 ( h) may be used to calculate the distance r to the mobile body (car) to which the RFID tag is attached.
[수학식 3][Equation 3]
Figure PCTKR2017011011-appb-I000003
Figure PCTKR2017011011-appb-I000003
즉, 제어부(30)는 RFID 태그가 부착된 이동체(자동차)까지의 거리(r)를 계산할 수 있고, RFID 리더(20)는 소정의 시간 간격마다 RFID 태그 신호를 수신하므로, 소정의 시간 간격당 이동 거리인 속도를 계산할 수 있다. That is, the controller 30 can calculate the distance r to the moving object (car) to which the RFID tag is attached, and the RFID reader 20 receives the RFID tag signal at predetermined time intervals, You can calculate the speed, which is the travel distance.
예를 들어, RFID 리더(20)가 소정의 시간 간격인 0.1초마다 RFID 태그를 읽는 명령어를 전송하고, 요청을 수신한 RFID 태그가 RFID 태그 신호를 전송하면, 제어부(30)는 RFID 리더(20)를 통해 분석된 RFID 태그 신호를 계산하여 이동체의 위치를 파악하고, 파악된 이동체의 위치(s) 및 소정의 시간 간격 0.1초를 이용하여 다음 [수학식 4]와 같이 이동체의 속도를 계산할 수 있다. For example, when the RFID reader 20 transmits a command to read an RFID tag every 0.1 seconds, which is a predetermined time interval, and the received RFID tag transmits an RFID tag signal, the controller 30 may control the RFID reader 20. ) To determine the position of the moving object by calculating the analyzed RFID tag signal, and to calculate the speed of the moving object as shown in [Equation 4] using the detected position (s) of the moving object and a predetermined time interval of 0.1 second. have.
[수학식 4][Equation 4]
Figure PCTKR2017011011-appb-I000004
Figure PCTKR2017011011-appb-I000004
또한, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 제어부(30)는 이동체의 위치, 속도를 계산하여, 교통 법규 위반 및 교통 상황을 판단할 수 있다.In addition, the control unit 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention may calculate the position and speed of the moving object to determine the violation of traffic laws and traffic conditions.
예를 들어, 도 5와 같이 RFID 리더(20)를 교통 신호등에 설치한다면, 교통 신호등의 위치는 고정되어 있고, 이동체의 상대적인 위치는 교통 신호등에 설치된 RFID 리더(20)를 기준으로 계산되므로, 도로 위에서의 이동체의 절대적인 위치를 계산할 수 있다. 또한, 제어부(30)는 [수학식 4]를 이용하여 이동체의 속도도 계산할 수 있다. 즉, 제어부(30)는 이동체의 절대적인 위치 및 이동체의 속도를 파악함으로써 차량이 있는 차선과 정지선 위반 여부, 차량의 진행 방향, 규정 속도 준수 여부 등을 모두 계산해서 파악할 수 있으므로, 각 상황에 따른 교통 법규 위반을 판단할 수 있다. For example, if the RFID reader 20 is installed in a traffic light as shown in FIG. 5, the position of the traffic light is fixed, and the relative position of the moving object is calculated based on the RFID reader 20 installed in the traffic light. The absolute position of the moving object on the stomach can be calculated. In addition, the controller 30 may also calculate the speed of the moving object using Equation 4. That is, the controller 30 may calculate and determine all the lanes and stop lines of the vehicle, whether the vehicle violates, the direction of travel of the vehicle, and comply with the prescribed speed by grasping the absolute position of the vehicle and the speed of the vehicle. Violations of the law can be determined.
예컨대, 제어부(30)는 신호등의 색상이 주황색으로 바뀐 후에 정지선에 진입한 차량을 신호 위반으로 판단할 수 있으며, 차량이 차선에 일렬로 배치되어 있을 때 다른 차량의 중간으로 끼어드는 차량을 끼어들기 위반으로 판단할 수 있다. 그 외에 차량이 주행하는 차선 정보를 이용하면 중앙선 침범, 버스 전용 차로 통행 위반, 안전거리 미확보, 통행 구분 위반 등 기타 도로 상에서 차량의 통행에 관련된 대부분의 위반 사항을 탐지할 수 있다.For example, the controller 30 may determine that the vehicle entering the stop line is a signal violation after the color of the traffic light turns orange, and interrupts a vehicle that cuts in the middle of another vehicle when the vehicles are arranged in a line. It can be judged as a violation. In addition, the lane information on which the vehicle travels can detect most violations related to vehicle traffic on other roads, including center line violations, bus lane violations, lack of safety distances, and traffic classification violations.
또한, 제어부(30)는 RFID 리더(20)를 통과하는 이동체들의 절대적인 위치, 속도를 파악하게 되므로, RFID 리더(20)가 설치된 도로 근처의 도로 상황을 판단할 수 있다. In addition, since the controller 30 determines the absolute position and speed of the moving objects passing through the RFID reader 20, the controller 30 may determine the road situation near the road where the RFID reader 20 is installed.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 교통신호 제어부(40)는 제어부(30)에서 판단된 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어할 수 있다.The traffic signal controller 40 according to an embodiment of the present invention may control the traffic light in accordance with the traffic situation determined by the controller 30.
예를 들어, 제어부(30)가 RFID 리더(20)가 설치된 도로 근처의 도로 상황을 판단하면, 교통신호 제어부(40)는 판단된 도로 상황에 따라서 차량의 흐름이 원활하도록 교통 신호등을 제어할 수 있다. 즉, 제어부(30)가 도로 위의 교통량이 많다고 판단하면, 교통 신호 제어부(40)는 교통 신호등에 녹색불이 오래 유지되도록 제어하여 교통 진행이 원활하도록 제어할 수 있다.For example, when the controller 30 determines the road situation near the road where the RFID reader 20 is installed, the traffic signal controller 40 may control the traffic light to smoothly flow the vehicle according to the determined road condition. have. That is, when the control unit 30 determines that the traffic volume on the road is large, the traffic signal control unit 40 may control the traffic light to keep the green light for a long time so that the traffic proceeds smoothly.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 통신부(50)는 교통 법규 위반 사실을 서버로 전송할 수 있다. The communication unit 50 according to an embodiment of the present invention may transmit the traffic violations to the server.
예를 들어, 제어부(30)가 RFID 리더(20)를 통과하는 이동체의 교통 법규 위반을 판단한 경우에, 제어부(30)는 통신부(50)를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반 사실을 서버로 전송할 수 있다. 즉, 제어부(30)는 RFID 태그 신호에 포함된 차량 번호, 차량 소유주 등의 정보를 과속, 정지선 위반 등의 교통 법규 위반 사실과 함께 서버로 전송할 수 있다. For example, when the controller 30 determines the violation of the traffic law of the moving object passing through the RFID reader 20, the controller 30 may transmit the fact of the violation of the traffic law to the server using the communication unit 50. That is, the controller 30 may transmit the information of the vehicle number, the vehicle owner, etc. included in the RFID tag signal to the server along with the fact that the traffic laws are violated, such as speeding and stop line violation.
또한, 통신부(50)는 유, 무선으로 네트워크를 통하여 서버와 연결될 수 있다. 예를 들어, 통신부(50)는 유선 통신으로 LAN 또는 WAN, 인터넷 및 전화 네트워크(telephone network) 모듈 중 적어도 하나를 포함할 수 있고, 무선 통신으로 WiFi(wireless fidelity), 블루투스(Bluetooth) 및 NFC(near field communication) 모듈 중의 적어도 하나를 포함할 수 있다.In addition, the communication unit 50 may be connected to the server through a network, wired or wireless. For example, the communication unit 50 may include at least one of a LAN or WAN, an Internet, and a telephone network module through wired communication, and wireless (wireless fidelity), Bluetooth, and NFC (wireless) through wireless communication. near field communication) module.
도 6은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 방법을 개략적으로 나타낸 흐름도이다.6 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a method for controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 6을 참조하면, RFID 리더(20)는 소정의 시간 간격마다 RFID 태그를 읽는 명령어를 전송하여 RFID 태그의 RFID 태그 신호의 전송을 요청하고(S10), 요청을 수신한 RFID 태그가 RFID 태그 신호를 전송하면 RFID 리더(20)는 RFID 안테나(10)를 통하여 소정의 시간 간격으로 RFID 태그 신호를 수신할 수 있다(S20). 제어부(30)는 RFID 리더(20)가 분석한 RFID 태그 신호의 세기 및 위상값 차이 등을 이용하여 RFID 안테나로부터 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산하고(S30), 계산된 RFID 안테나로부터 RFID 태그까지의 거리 및 소정 시간 간격(예: 0.1초)을 이용하여 차량의 위치, 속도 등을 계산할 수 있다(S40). 제어부(30)는 계산된 차량의 위치, 속도 등을 이용하여 교통 법규 위반 사실 및 교통 상황을 판단할 수 있으며(S50), 통신부(50)를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반 사실을 RFID 태그 신호에 포함된 차량 정보와 함께 단속 서버에 전송할 수 있다(S60). 또한, 제어부(30)는 통신부(50)를 이용하여 교통 상황 정보를 교통 흐름 제어 서버로 전송할 수 있으며, 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호 제어부(40)로 하여금 교통 신호등을 제어하도록 할 수 있다(S70). 상기 동작들은 RFID 리더(20)가 RFID 태그 신호의 전송을 요청하는 소정의 시간 간격으로, 예컨대, 0.1초마다 반복되도록 설정될 수 있다(S80).Referring to FIG. 6, the RFID reader 20 requests a transmission of an RFID tag signal of an RFID tag by transmitting a command to read the RFID tag at predetermined time intervals (S10), and the RFID tag receiving the request is an RFID tag signal. When transmitting the RFID reader 20 may receive the RFID tag signal at a predetermined time interval through the RFID antenna 10 (S20). The controller 30 calculates the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag using the strength and phase value difference of the RFID tag signal analyzed by the RFID reader 20 (S30), and calculates the distance from the calculated RFID antenna to the RFID tag. The position and the speed of the vehicle may be calculated using the distance and the predetermined time interval (for example, 0.1 second) (S40). The controller 30 may determine the traffic law violation and the traffic situation using the calculated position and speed of the vehicle (S50), and the traffic rule violation is included in the RFID tag signal using the communication unit 50. The vehicle information may be transmitted to the control server together with the vehicle information (S60). In addition, the control unit 30 may transmit the traffic condition information to the traffic flow control server using the communication unit 50, and may cause the traffic signal control unit 40 to control the traffic signal according to the traffic condition (S70). . The operations may be set such that the RFID reader 20 is repeated at a predetermined time interval for requesting transmission of the RFID tag signal, for example, every 0.1 second (S80).
도 7은 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 방법을 나타낸 순서도이다.7 is a flowchart illustrating a method of controlling traffic violations and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 7을 참조하면, 단계 S100에서, RFID 리더(20)는 소정의 시간 간격마다 RFID 태그를 읽는 명령어를 전송할 수 있다. 여기에서, 소정의 시간 간격은 이동체의 속도 계산에 사용되며, 이동체의 속도 계산에 적합하도록 미리 설정될 수 있다. Referring to FIG. 7, in step S100, the RFID reader 20 may transmit a command to read an RFID tag at predetermined time intervals. Here, the predetermined time interval is used for calculating the speed of the moving object, and may be set in advance to be suitable for calculating the speed of the moving object.
단계 S200에서, RFID 리더(20)는 명령어에 따라 전송된 이동체 정보를 포함한 RFID 태그 신호를 RFID 안테나(10)를 통하여 수신하고 분석할 수 있다. RFID 태그 신호에 포함된 이동체 정보는 이동체 종류, 차량 번호, 차량 소유주 등의 이동체 관련 정보와 이동체의 속도, 위치를 계산하기 위해서 RFID 태그 신호의 세기, 위상값 정보 등을 포함할 수 있다. In operation S200, the RFID reader 20 may receive and analyze the RFID tag signal including the moving object information transmitted according to the command through the RFID antenna 10. The moving object information included in the RFID tag signal may include moving object related information such as a moving object type, a vehicle number, a vehicle owner, and the strength and phase information of the RFID tag signal in order to calculate the speed and position of the moving object.
단계 S300에서, 제어부(30)는 RFID 태그 신호에 포함된 정보, 예컨대, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값(Φ) 정보, RFID 주파수(f) 및 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기에 대응되는 안테나 사이의 거리(d)를 이용하여 RFID 안테나(10)에서 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산하고, 계산된 거리를 이용하여 이동체의 위치를 파악할 수 있다. In operation S300, the controller 30 may include information included in the RFID tag signal, for example, the strength of the received RFID tag signal, the phase value Φ information of the received RFID tag signal, the RFID frequency f, and the received RFID tag. The distance from the RFID antenna 10 to the RFID tag may be calculated using the distance d between the antennas corresponding to the signal strength, and the position of the moving object may be determined using the calculated distance.
단계 S400에서, 제어부(30)는 파악된 이동체의 위치 및 소정의 시간 간격을 이용하여 이동체의 속도를 계산할 수 있다. 예를 들어, 제어부(30)는 파악된 이동체의 위치 및 소정의 시간 간격을 전술한 [수학식 4]에 적용하여 이동체의 속도를 계산할 수 있다.In step S400, the controller 30 may calculate the speed of the moving object using the identified position of the moving object and a predetermined time interval. For example, the controller 30 may calculate the speed of the moving object by applying the identified position of the moving object and a predetermined time interval to Equation 4 described above.
단계 S500에서, 제어부(30)는 계산된 이동체의 속도 및 파악된 이동체의 위치를 이용하여 이동체의 교통 법규 위반 및 교통 상황을 판단할 수 있다. In operation S500, the controller 30 may determine the violation of traffic laws and the traffic situation of the moving object by using the calculated speed of the moving object and the determined position of the moving object.
예를 들어, 이동체의 상대적인 위치는 RFID 리더(20)를 기준으로 계산되므로, 제어부(30)는 RFID 리더(20)의 위치를 고려하여 도로 위에서의 이동체의 절대적인 위치를 계산할 수 있다. 즉, 제어부(30)는 이동체의 절대적인 위치 및 이동체의 속도를 파악함으로써 각 상황에 따른 교통 법규 위반 및 교통 상황을 판단할 수 있다.For example, since the relative position of the moving object is calculated based on the RFID reader 20, the controller 30 may calculate the absolute position of the moving object on the road in consideration of the position of the RFID reader 20. That is, the controller 30 may determine the violation of traffic laws and the traffic situation according to each situation by grasping the absolute position of the moving object and the speed of the moving object.
단계 S600에서, 제어부(30)는 통신부(50)를 이용하여, 판단된 교통 법규 위반 사실을 서버로 전송하고, 판단된 교통 상황에 따라서 교통신호 제어부(40)로 하여금 교통 신호등을 제어하도록 할 수 있다. In step S600, the controller 30 may transmit the determined traffic law violation to the server using the communication unit 50, and allow the traffic signal controller 40 to control the traffic light in accordance with the determined traffic situation. have.
예를 들어, 제어부(30)는 이동체의 교통 법규 위반을 판단한 경우에, 통신부(50)를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호에 포함된 차량 번호, 차량 소유주 등의 정보를 과속, 정지선 위반 등의 교통 법규 위반 사실과 함께 단속 서버로 전송할 수 있다. 또한, 제어부(30)는 통신부(50)를 이용하여 판단된 교통 상황 정보를 교통 흐름 제어 서버로 전송할 수 있다. 또한, 제어부(30)는 판단된 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호 제어부(40)로 하여금 교통 신호등을 제어하도록 할 수 있다For example, when the controller 30 determines the violation of the traffic laws of the moving object, the communication unit 50 violates the traffic laws such as speeding up information on the vehicle number, the vehicle owner, etc. included in the RFID tag signal, and the stopping line violation. It can be sent to the server with the facts. In addition, the controller 30 may transmit the traffic state information determined by the communication unit 50 to the traffic flow control server. In addition, the controller 30 may allow the traffic signal controller 40 to control the traffic light according to the determined traffic situation.
본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 방법에 관련하여서는 전술한 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치(100)에 대한 내용이 적용될 수 있다. 따라서, RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 방법과 관련하여, 전술한 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치(100)에 대한 내용과 동일한 내용에 대하여는 설명을 생략하였다.Regarding a method of controlling traffic violations using RFID according to an embodiment of the present invention and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions, the traffic regulations may be controlled using the above-described RFID and traffic lights may be controlled according to traffic conditions. The content of the controlling device 100 may be applied. Accordingly, in relation to a method of controlling traffic violations using RFID and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions, an apparatus for controlling traffic violations using RFID described above and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions (100) The descriptions identical to those for) are omitted.
본 발명의 일 실시예는 컴퓨터에 의해 실행되는 프로그램 모듈과 같은 컴퓨터에 의해 실행가능한 명령어를 포함하는 기록 매체의 형태로도 구현될 수 있다. 컴퓨터 판독 가능 매체는 컴퓨터에 의해 액세스될 수 있는 임의의 가용 매체일 수 있고, 휘발성 및 비휘발성 매체, 분리형 및 비분리형 매체를 모두 포함한다. 또한, 컴퓨터 판독가능 매체는 컴퓨터 저장 매체를 모두 포함할 수 있다. 컴퓨터 저장 매체는 컴퓨터 판독가능 명령어, 데이터 구조, 프로그램 모듈 또는 기타 데이터와 같은 정보의 저장을 위한 임의의 방법 또는 기술로 구현된 휘발성 및 비휘발성, 분리형 및 비분리형 매체를 모두 포함한다. One embodiment of the present invention can also be implemented in the form of a recording medium containing instructions executable by a computer, such as a program module executed by the computer. Computer readable media can be any available media that can be accessed by a computer and includes both volatile and nonvolatile media, removable and non-removable media. In addition, computer readable media may include all computer storage media. Computer storage media includes both volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data.
전술한 본 발명의 설명은 예시를 위한 것이며, 본 발명이 속하는 기술분야의 통상의 지식을 가진 자는 본 발명의 기술적 사상이나 필수적인 특징을 변경하지 않고서 다른 구체적인 형태로 쉽게 변형이 가능하다는 것을 이해할 수 있을 것이다. 그러므로 이상에서 기술한 실시예들은 모든 면에서 예시적인 것이며 한정적이 아닌 것으로 이해해야만 한다. 예를 들어, 단일형으로 설명되어 있는 각 구성 요소는 분산되어 실시될 수도 있으며, 마찬가지로 분산된 것으로 설명되어 있는 구성 요소들도 결합된 형태로 실시될 수 있다.The foregoing description of the present invention is intended for illustration, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be easily modified in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features of the present invention. will be. Therefore, it should be understood that the embodiments described above are exemplary in all respects and not restrictive. For example, each component described as a single type may be implemented in a distributed manner, and similarly, components described as distributed may be implemented in a combined form.
본 발명의 범위는 상기 상세한 설명보다는 후술하는 특허청구범위에 의하여 나타내어지며, 특허청구범위의 의미 및 범위 그리고 그 균등 개념으로부터 도출되는 모든 변경 또는 변형된 형태가 본 발명의 범위에 포함되는 것으로 해석되어야 한다.The scope of the present invention is shown by the following claims rather than the above description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention. do.

Claims (7)

  1. RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치에 있어서, In the device for controlling traffic violations using RFID and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions,
    이동체로부터 RFID 태그의 신호를 수신하고, 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 차이를 측정할 수 있도록 일정 간격으로 설치된 RFID 안테나;An RFID antenna installed at regular intervals to receive a signal of an RFID tag from a moving object and measure a difference in phase values of the received RFID tag signal;
    상기 RFID 태그와 무선 통신을 수행하고, 상기 수신된 RFID 태그의 신호에 포함된 정보들을 분석하는 RFID 리더;An RFID reader performing wireless communication with the RFID tag and analyzing information included in a signal of the received RFID tag;
    상기 분석된 정보들을 계산하여 상기 RFID 태그가 장착된 이동체의 교통 법규 위반 및 교통 상황을 판단하는 제어부; A controller configured to calculate the analyzed information and determine a traffic law violation and a traffic situation of a mobile body equipped with the RFID tag;
    상기 제어부에서 판단된 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 교통 신호 제어부; 및A traffic signal controller for controlling a traffic light according to the traffic condition determined by the controller; And
    상기 이동체의 교통 법규 위반 사실을 서버로 전송하는 통신부를 포함하고, It includes a communication unit for transmitting the fact that the traffic law violation of the mobile to the server,
    상기 수신된 RFID 태그 신호에 포함된 정보들은 차량번호, 상기 RFID 태그 신호의 세기 및 상기 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값(Φ) 정보를 포함하는 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치.The information included in the received RFID tag signal is used to control traffic violations using RFID including vehicle number, strength of the RFID tag signal, and phase value Φ information of the RFID tag signal. Device for controlling traffic lights.
  2. 제 1 항에 있어서,The method of claim 1,
    상기 RFID 리더는 소정의 시간 간격마다 상기 RFID 태그를 읽는 명령어를 전송하고, The RFID reader transmits a command to read the RFID tag at predetermined time intervals,
    상기 RFID 안테나는 상기 명령어에 따라서 전송된 이동체 정보를 포함한 RFID 태그 신호를 수신하고,The RFID antenna receives an RFID tag signal including the moving object information transmitted according to the command,
    상기 제어부는 RFID 주파수(f), 상기 RFID 안테나 사이의 거리, 상기 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기 및 상기 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값(Φ) 정보를 이용하여 상기 RFID 안테나에서 상기 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산하고, 상기 계산된 거리를 이용하여 상기 이동체의 위치를 파악하고, 상기 파악된 이동체의 위치 및 상기 소정의 시간 간격을 이용하여 상기 이동체의 속도를 계산하는 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치.The control unit uses the RFID frequency f, the distance between the RFID antennas, the strength of the received RFID tag signal, and the phase value Φ of the received RFID tag signal from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag. Calculate the distance, use the calculated distance to determine the position of the moving object, and using the RFID to calculate the speed of the moving object using the identified position of the moving object and the predetermined time interval to avoid traffic law violations Device for controlling and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions.
  3. 제 2 항에 있어서, The method of claim 2,
    상기 제어부는 상기 일정 간격으로 설치된 RFID 안테나에 수신된 상기 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값들, RFID 주파수(f) 및 상기 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기에 대응되는 안테나 사이의 거리(d)를 이용하여 상기 RFID 태그 신호의 두 개의 입사각을 계산하고, 상기 계산된 두 개의 입사각을 삼각 측량법에 적용하여 상기 RFID 안테나에서 상기 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산하는 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치.The controller uses the phase values of the RFID tag signals received at the RFID antennas installed at the predetermined intervals, the RFID frequency f, and the distance d between the antennas corresponding to the strengths of the received RFID tag signals. Calculate two incident angles of the RFID tag signal, apply the two calculated angles of incidence to the triangulation method, and use the RFID to calculate the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag. Device for controlling traffic lights.
  4. 제 3 항에 있어서, The method of claim 3, wherein
    상기 제어부는 상기 일정 간격으로 설치된 RFID 안테나에 수신된 상기 RFID 태그의 수신 신호의 세기를 비교하고, 상기 수신 신호의 세기가 가장 큰 2개의 서로 다른 안테나에서 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 Φ1 및 Φ2 를 획득하고, 상기 획득된 위상값 Φ1 및 Φ2 에서 위상 차이(△Φ1)를 계산하고, 상기 계산된 위상 차이(△Φ1), RFID 주파수(f) 및 상기 서로 다른 안테나 사이의 거리(d1)를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 제 1 입사각(θ1)을 계산하고, The control unit compares the strength of the received signal of the RFID tag received in the RFID antenna installed at the predetermined intervals, and the phase value Φ 1 of the RFID tag signal received from two different antennas having the largest strength of the received signal; obtaining Φ 2, and calculating a phase difference (△ Φ 1) in the obtained phase value Φ 1 and Φ 2, wherein the calculated phase difference (△ Φ 1), RFID frequency (f), and between the different antennas The first incident angle θ 1 of the RFID tag signal is calculated using the distance d 1 of ,
    상기 수신 신호의 세기가 2번째로 큰 2개의 서로 다른 안테나에서 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 Φ3 및 Φ4 를 획득하고, 상기 획득된 위상값 Φ3 및 Φ4 에서 위상 차이(△Φ2)를 계산하고, 상기 계산된 위상 차이(△Φ2), RFID 주파수(f) 및 상기 서로 다른 안테나 사이의 거리(d2)를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 제 2 입사각(θ2)을 계산하고, Acquire phase values Φ 3 and Φ 4 of the RFID tag signal received at two different antennas having the second largest intensity of the received signal, and phase difference ΔΦ 2 at the obtained phase values Φ 3 and Φ 4 . ), And calculates a second incident angle (θ 2 ) of the RFID tag signal using the calculated phase difference (ΔΦ 2 ), the RFID frequency (f) and the distance (d 2 ) between the different antennas ,
    상기 계산된 제 1 입사각(θ1) 및 제 2 입사각(θ2)을 삼각 측량법에 적용하여 상기 RFID 안테나에서 상기 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산하는 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 장치.By applying the calculated first incident angle θ 1 and the second incident angle θ 2 to triangulation, using RFID to calculate the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag Device to control the traffic lights along.
  5. RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 방법에 있어서, In a method of controlling traffic violations using RFID and controlling traffic lights according to traffic conditions,
    소정의 시간 간격마다 RFID 태그를 읽는 명령어를 전송하는 단계; Transmitting a command to read an RFID tag at predetermined time intervals;
    상기 명령어에 따라서 전송된 이동체 정보를 포함한 RFID 태그 신호를 수신하는 단계;Receiving an RFID tag signal including moving object information transmitted according to the command;
    상기 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기, 상기 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값(Φ) 정보, RFID 주파수(f) 및 상기 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기에 대응되는 안테나 사이의 거리(d)를 이용하여 상기 RFID 안테나에서 상기 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산하고, 상기 계산된 거리를 이용하여 이동체의 위치를 파악하는 단계; By using the strength of the received RFID tag signal, the phase value (Φ) information of the received RFID tag signal, the RFID frequency (f) and the distance (d) between the antenna corresponding to the strength of the received RFID tag signal Calculating a distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag and determining a position of a moving object using the calculated distance;
    상기 파악된 이동체의 위치 및 상기 소정의 시간 간격을 이용하여 상기 이동체의 속도를 계산하는 단계; Calculating a speed of the movable body using the identified position of the movable body and the predetermined time interval;
    상기 계산된 이동체의 속도 및 상기 파악된 이동체의 위치를 이용하여 상기 이동체의 교통 법규 위반 및 교통 상황을 판단하는 단계; 및Determining a violation of traffic laws and a traffic situation of the moving object using the calculated speed of the moving object and the determined position of the moving object; And
    상기 판단된 교통 법규 위반 사실은 서버로 전송하고, 상기 판단된 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 단계를 포함하는 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 방법.And transmitting the determined traffic violations to the server, and controlling the traffic lights according to the determined traffic conditions to control traffic violations using RFID and controlling the traffic lights according to the traffic conditions.
  6. 제 5 항에 있어서, The method of claim 5, wherein
    상기 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 세기 및 상기 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값() 정보를 이용하여 상기 RFID 안테나에서 상기 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산하고, 상기 계산된 거리를 이용하여 상기 이동체의 위치를 파악하는 단계는, The distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag is calculated using the strength of the received RFID tag signal and the phase value () information of the received RFID tag signal, and the position of the moving object is calculated using the calculated distance. The steps to grasp are
    일정 간격으로 설치된 RFID 안테나에 수신된 상기 RFID 태그의 수신 신호의 세기를 비교하고, 상기 수신 신호의 세기가 가장 큰 2개의 서로 다른 안테나에서 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 Φ1 및 Φ2 를 획득하고, 상기 획득된 위상값 Φ1 및 Φ2 에서 위상 차이(△Φ1)를 계산하고, 상기 계산된 위상 차이(△Φ1), RFID 주파수(f) 및 상기 서로 다른 안테나 사이의 거리(d1)를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 제 1 입사각(θ1)을 계산하는 단계; Compare the received signal strengths of the RFID tags received at RFID antennas installed at regular intervals, and obtain phase values Φ 1 and Φ 2 of the RFID tag signals received from two different antennas with the largest received signal strengths. Calculate a phase difference ΔΦ 1 from the obtained phase values Φ 1 and Φ 2 , and calculate the phase difference ΔΦ 1 , the RFID frequency f, and the distance d between the different antennas. 1) using the steps of: calculating a first angle of incidence (θ 1) of the RFID tag signal;
    상기 수신 신호의 세기가 2번째로 큰 2개의 서로 다른 안테나에서 수신된 RFID 태그 신호의 위상값 Φ3 및 Φ4 를 획득하고, 상기 획득된 위상값 Φ3 및 Φ4 에서 위상 차이(△Φ2)를 계산하고, 상기 계산된 위상 차이(△Φ2), RFID 주파수(f) 및 상기 서로 다른 안테나 사이의 거리(d2)를 이용하여 RFID 태그 신호의 제 2 입사각(θ2)을 계산하는 단계; Acquire phase values Φ 3 and Φ 4 of the RFID tag signal received at two different antennas having the second largest intensity of the received signal, and phase difference ΔΦ 2 at the obtained phase values Φ 3 and Φ 4 . ) And calculating the second incident angle (θ 2 ) of the RFID tag signal using the calculated phase difference (ΔΦ 2 ), the RFID frequency (f) and the distance (d 2 ) between the different antennas. step;
    상기 계산된 제 1 입사각(θ1) 및 제 2 입사각(θ2)을 삼각 측량법에 적용하여 상기 RFID 안테나에서 상기 RFID 태그까지의 거리를 계산하는 단계; 및Calculating the distance from the RFID antenna to the RFID tag by applying the calculated first incident angle θ 1 and the second incident angle θ 2 to triangulation; And
    상기 계산된 거리를 이용하여 상기 이동체의 위치를 파악하는 단계를 포함하는 RFID를 이용하여 교통 법규 위반을 단속하고 교통 상황에 따라 교통 신호등을 제어하는 방법.Using the calculated distance to identify the location of the moving object using a RFID to control the violation of traffic laws and control traffic lights according to traffic conditions.
  7. 제 5 항 및 제 6 항 중 어느 한 항의 방법을 구현하기 위한 프로그램이 기록된 컴퓨터로 판독 가능한 기록 매체.A computer-readable recording medium having recorded thereon a program for implementing the method of any one of claims 5 and 6.
PCT/KR2017/011011 2016-10-05 2017-09-29 Apparatus for controlling traffic law violations, while interworking with traffic light, by means of rfid and controlling traffic light according to traffic conditions WO2018066944A1 (en)

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