WO2018065090A1

WO2018065090A1 - Self-propelled carriage with energy recovery function for cableways

Info

Publication number: WO2018065090A1
Application number: PCT/EP2017/001161
Authority: WO
Inventors: Stefan Leitner
Original assignee: Stefan Leitner
Priority date: 2016-10-05
Filing date: 2017-09-29
Publication date: 2018-04-12
Also published as: EP3523236A1; IT201600099746A1; EP3523236B1

Abstract

The invention relates to a self-propelled carriage for cableways, the support cable of which is clamped between a loading region and an unloading region. The movement of the carriage along the support cable is carried out by means of cable rollers (1) or on a warp cable or a hauling cable (10) or by means of force transmission devices acting directly on the support cable, such as crawlers or cable rollers, and the lifting and lowering of the load is carried out by means of a cable winch (5) or a load lifting device provided on the carriage. The invention is characterized in that the motor (M/G) for the drive of the aforementioned cable roller (1), crawler, or force transmission devices and the motor (m/g) for the drive of the cable winch (5) or load lifting device are electric motors which function as generators when traveling along a cable section with an incline and/or when lowering the load and/or during a braking maneuver, wherein the generated electric energy of the motors is stored in one or more storage units provided on the carriage, and the stored energy can be used to move the carriage along cable sections or drive the cable winch (5) or load lifting device.

Description

SELF-RUNNING TRUCK WITH ENERGY RECOVERY FOR CABLE CARS

description

The invention relates to a motorized carriage for cable cars, as well as cable cranes, e.g. of the type "Blondin" which, in order to own

Locomotion acts on a warp rope, on a pull rope or on the carrying cable and which can be equipped with a winch or other known load lifting device for lifting loads, the carriage with

Devices for the recovery and storage of the energy generated during the drive of the carriage from a higher area to a lower area and possibly during the lowering of the load towards the ground, this energy for the return of the carriage, from the lower area to the higher area and / or to lift the load. For example, for the transport of tree trunks from the area of

Shelling, mostly on mountain slopes, to the area of loading on vehicles, mostly in the valley area and at a lower level, rope cranes are used whose carriage is driven either via a, moved by means of mountain-side winch, pull rope or the carriage is self-propelled. In the case of self-propelled carriages, these can be of various types:

- with motorized winch which is installed on the carriage and acts on a warp rope which is anchored on the mountain side,

- with, provided on the carriage motorized, pulleys which act on the, the pulleys wrap around, warp rope or pull rope,

- with motorized caterpillars which by friction on the suspension rope

Act;

CONFIRMATION COPY while the pulleys, or caterpillars, by other known

Devices are replaced to transfer the driving force to a rope.

For raising and lowering the load, the carriages are equipped with a single or double winch motorized or with a known load lifting device.

In particular, the self-propelled carriages are very common and are, whether for the process of the carriage, as well as for lifting the loads usually equipped with hydraulic motors, these hydraulic motors are powered by at least one pump which is driven by an internal combustion engine which, as well as the hydraulic pumps , is controlled via a remote control.

Practice has shown that the hydraulic drive with internal combustion engine is subject to considerable wear and thus requires considerable maintenance, noise, pollution and considerable energy

wasted. Furthermore, the said drive requires frequent replacement and disposal of the hydraulic oil and the oil of the internal combustion engine as well as the carrying out of refueling and maintenance in most difficult terrain and under dangerous circumstances. Regarding the above

Waste energy is known that by the method of a medium load on a slope in the direction of unloading approximately three times the energy is expended which is necessary to drive the unloaded carriage from the unloading area to the loading area, this mainly because the efficiency of the hydraulic drives only is about 60% and thus the performance of the internal combustion engine must be increased accordingly.

From the CH 634785 is known a "self-propulsion for a cableway" with the installed on the "self-propelled" engine, "sheaves" drives around which the traction cable is wound, this drive acts during the descent not as a power generator and it is not an energy recovery and / or energy storage during the descent, or during braking maneuvers, provided. The invention has as its object to provide a self-propelled, remote-controlled carriage for cable cars of the type mentioned above which works with high efficiency, not polluted the environment, is quiet and no refueling and requires little maintenance.

To solve this problem, the invention proposes to provide the self-propelled carriage with an energy recovery system, which operates during the process from the charging area to the unloading area or in the opposite direction and / or during lowering of the load, as well as during the braking maneuver and with a To provide energy storage system for the recovered energy, which is suitable for the return of the unloaded or partially loaded carriage in the charging area and the eventual absorption of the load, without the use of additional energy sources to achieve.

According to the invention for the process of the carriage and for lifting the load electric motors are used which, during the drive of the carriage, or during the lowering of the load, and possibly also during the

Braking maneuvers, acting as power generators to a battery (a

electric accumulator) and / or one or more equal or

various types of storage for electrical energy such as accumulators,

Supercapacitors and / or for kinetic rotation energy (Flywheel Energy Storage Unit) and / or for pneumatic or hydraulic pressure, to charge. The above memory kinetic rotational energy, as well as the

Group of capacitors, is particularly suitable because their readiness for use is not dependent on the charging and discharging frequency, or the discharge level and the temperature fluctuations in the field of use, furthermore, both memories are suitable for storing the energy over relatively short time intervals. The storage of electrical energy by means of battery can be used to charge the kinetic kinetic energy store or the

Condenser group, eg, in case of putting the trolley into operation discharged memory for kinetic rotational energy and / or the group of capacitors, or for the power supply of the electronic

Control unit, serve. Advantageously, a second battery with lower performance, specific for the supply of the electronics, in particular the electronic control unit of the system and the receiver part of the remote control,

intended. According to the invention, the carriage, in particular at a certain height difference between the charging area and the unloading area, operates autonomously, without external energy supply. During the process of the loaded trolley along a sloping rope route and during the eventual lowering of the load, the braking takes place in a regenerative manner by, by means of the motor / generator, storing e.g. kinetic rotary energy and / or a group of capacitors and / or the aforesaid electric battery for the operating system. In the case of transport with considerable load along a route with considerable gradient, it may happen that, be it the battery, as well as the memory for kinetic rotational energy, or the group of capacitors or other energy storage, the maximum

Achieve charge level and thus that a dissipation of the excess energy, in a known manner, e.g. by means of an electric motor which a

Brake air screw drives and / or by means of a wear-free braking system (retarder), is necessary. The brake air cap is a fan, so

dimensioned that it decreases in the speed range of the drive motor, the desired power (provides the desired rotational resistance) and thereby dissipates excess energy into heat. The brakes which on the

Moving device of the self-propelled trolley, or on the winch or the device for raising and lowering the load act, serve exclusively in an emergency and to secure the corresponding motors, during the corresponding maneuver, in the locked state and thus not the speed of the Trolley, or the movements when lowering the load, to influence. The function of the brakes and the devices for the removal of excess energy are from the electronic

Control center, depending on the state of emergency and the request of the locking state of the movements, or as a function of the memory state of the energy storage or controlled.

The inventive, self-propelled trolley with at least one

Energy storage operates, for example, according to the following cycle, and is explained by a version with memory kinetic rotational energy:

the charging of the storage device for e.g. kinetic

Rotational energy, by means of the battery charged during the working cycles of the previous day,

- Procedure of unloaded or partially loaded carriage of

Abladebereich in the loading area by means of the memory of e.g. for kinetic rotational energy, delivered to the engine of the carriage

Energy,

Raising the load by means of e.g. from the memory for kinetic

Rotational energy supplied energy,

- Procedure of the loaded trolley downhill with the engine of the

Carriage as a generator, for charging the memory e.g. for kinetic rotational energy and the electric battery, acts; at

Reaching the maximum storage capacity of said

Storage devices will incorporate the energy dissipation devices (e.g., electric motor) installed on the carriage

Brake air screw and / or retarder) activated,

- locking the carriage in the unloading area by operating the brake,

- Lowering the load wherein the motor of the winch, or the

Lifting device, acting as a generator to possibly the

Continue to charge storage devices; Locking the lowering of the load by means of the brake acting on the cable winch / load lifting device,

- Uncoupling the load and retrieving the rope by pressing the

Winch with the energy supplied by the storage devices, - Procedure of the unloaded carriage in the mountain side

Loading area wherein the motor of the carriage with energy from the memory, e.g. is fed for kinetic rotational energy.

At the end of each working day, it is beneficial to the unloaded

Carriage in the higher cable car area to process, on

Tomorrow the next day, not the energy from the storage batteries for charging the memory e.g. to use for kinetic rotational energy and to find the carriage immediately ready for use. The invention does not exclude that, for the operation of the winch, a simple motor which is not usable as a generator during the lowering of the load is used, in particular when only small ones are used in the unloading area

There are differences in height between the carriage and the floor. In this case, the motor of the winch / lifting device is also during the

Retrieving the load rope, or while retrieving the

Lifting device powered by stored energy.

According to the invention, the "range extenders" which have already been successfully tested in the automotive sector can be used

Extenders consist of a compact combustion engine-generator unit, which are characterized by a lightweight design and can deliver an electrical power of up to 30kW. If the regenerative energy is not sufficient to operate the crane, the range extender feeds additional energy into the / the energy storage, whereby the application area for the carriage according to the invention can be extended to flat tracks and ascending tracks.

Furthermore, the electric drives offer, by providing known sensors, the lifted, or transported to measure load and these measurements also for the overload protection of the carriage, the

Trolley drive and the cable car system to use.

In known manner, further sensors can be provided which control the reduction of the driving speed and the stopping of the carriage in the loading and unloading area. From the carriage according to the invention, no combustion gases are ejected, no refueling necessary, there is no waste oil to be disposed of, only the ball bearings of the rotating parts are exposed to wear and therefore maintenance is very limited, there is no fuel consumed and the operation is quiet and with Appearance of minimal vibrations.

In the case of storing the recovered energy in one

Group of capacitors, this is supplied via a converter with direct current, at maximum charge state of the capacitor group is here also the excess energy, for. with an electric motor

Brake air screw and / or retarder derived. The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment of the inventive self-propelled trolley schematically illustrated in the attached drawing, with storage of the recovered energy in a memory for kinetic rotational energy, the drawing fulfills purely explanatory, non-limiting purpose. The operating principle is unchanged in the design of the cable crane with supercapacitor memory and / or another memory.

Fig. 1 shows the functional diagram of a self-propelled, remotely controlled trolley according to the invention with two pulleys which, for the purpose of moving the carriage, act on a pull rope or a warp rope and with a simple winch for lifting the load.

The method of the self-propelled trolley is done in a known manner by means of two pulleys 1 around which the mountain side anchored and the valley side loaded with counterweight pull rope or warp rope 10 loops. These said pulleys 1 are driven via a reduction gear 1a by an electric motor / generator M / G. Preferably acts on the same Drive shaft, a brake 1 b and a retarder 1 c, both are electronically controlled.

Lifting or lowering, the load is a simple

Winch 5 with rope 50 which is driven by an electric motor / generator m / g, via a reduction gear 5a, and is monitored by means of electrically operated brake 5b.

Both of the aforementioned motor / generators M / G and m / g are electrically connected among themselves A and controlled by specific electronic units 8b, 8a which are connected to an electronic switching unit 6 C, which in turn is connected to the receiver part of the remote control 7. Further, both motor / generators MG and m / g are electrically connected to the rechargeable batteries 3 and 3a, to the kinetic rotary energy storage (FESU) 4, and to the motor 2m with brake air screw 2. The

Battery 3 serves to charge the kinetic kinetic energy storage 4 in the case that it, e.g. as a result of a longer work break of the trolley of the rope crane, is empty, while the battery 3 a for the supply of

Control electronics 6, 8, 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and the receiver part 7a of the remote control 7, is used.

The central electronic control unit 6 is with the specific ones

electronic units 8b, 8a for controlling the motor / generators M / G and m / g, with the specific control unit 8c for controlling the motor 2m with brake air screw 2, with the specific control unit 8e for controlling the charging of the batteries 3 , 3a, or the energy removal from these and with the specific electronic unit 8 for the energy charge of the kinetic kinetic energy store 4, or for the energy removal from this, connected C.

Depending on the energy demand for the process carriage, or for lifting the load, the central electronic control unit 6 determines the Injecting electrical energy supplied by the kinetic rotational energy accumulator 4, or, if it is in a deflated state, before charging it with electric energy from the charged battery 3.

During the step of moving the carriage on a grade, or during the lowering of the load, the motors function as generators M / G, and m / g, respectively, and the central electronic control unit 6 gives consensus on the specific electronic units 8 , 8e for charging the batteries 3, 3a, and the memory 4 for kinetic

Rotational energy. In the case of fully charging the batteries 3, 3a and the rotational kinetic energy storage 4, the central electronic control unit 6, through the specific electronic unit 8c, consults power supply for the motor 2m for power dissipation

Brake air screw 2, or for the use of the retarder 1 c. The brake 1 b for the carriage and the brake 5b of the winch 5 are used to (in case of emergency) the process of the carriage, or lowering the load to block and hold in the locked state. Of course, the energy recovery depends on the process of

Trolley downhill, directly from the weight of the load and the trolley and the gradient of the track, and the energy recovery during the

Lowering the load, the weight of the load and the height of the carriage to the ground, from. In any case, the unloaded carriage, which is to be moved uphill in the Aufladebereich, an average of one-third of the weight of the loaded carriage and the weight of the

Loading device together with the load rope is a minimal part of the weight of the load, the recoverable energy is in both cases a multiple of the energy which is necessary to bring the carriage, by driving the pulleys, uphill in the charging area, or by pressing the

Winch 5 the load rope 5a and the charging device, without coupled load, and in any case sufficient for energy self-sufficient operation also taking into account the effective efficiency of the individual

Devices for energy recovery and storage.

In the case of the kinetic kinetic energy storage 4 according to the invention e.g. by a group of capacitors 4, and the electronic unit (AC / DC) 8 are replaced by a converter (DC / DC) 8, the to the

Motors / generators M / G, m / g recovered electrical energy

(AC) via converters (AC / DC) 8b and 8a fed to the DC circuit A. The inverter (DC / DC) 8 transmits the power from

DC circuit A to the capacitor group 4, this inverter 8 is required to keep the voltage in the DC circuit A constant, while changing the voltage in the capacitor group 4, depending on its state of charge. Upon reaching the maximum state of charge in the capacitor group 4, the excess energy via a motor 2m with brake air screw 2, or via retarder 1c, derived

Claims

1. Self-propelled carriages for cable cars, the support cable is stretched between a charging area and a discharge area, the

Method of the carriage along the support rope by means of pulleys (1) or by means of a warp rope or pull rope (10) or acting directly on the support cable power transmission devices such as caterpillars or pulleys can be done and wherein the carriage a lifting device, in particular a winch (5), for lifting and lowering a load, characterized in that an electric motor (M / G) for driving said pulleys (1), caterpillars or

Power transmission devices for moving the carriage and an electric motor (m / g) for driving the load lifting device, in particular the winch (5) are provided, which are designed so that during a journey along a rope route with a slope and / or during a lowering the load and / or during one

Braking maneuvers, acting as generators, with their generated electrical energy in one or more on the carriage

is stored so that the stored energy can be used to move the carriage along cable routes and / or to the load lifting device, in particular the

To drive winch (5).

2. Self-propelled carriage according to claim 1, characterized in that the memory has a battery for storing the electrical energy.

3. Self-propelled carriage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized

characterized in that the memory is a memory for kinetic

Having rotational energy, in particular a flywheel storage.

4. Self-propelled carriage according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the memory has a group of capacitors, in particular with a supercapacitor for storing electrical energy.

5. Self-propelled trolley according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that by a range extender, if necessary, additional energy is fed into the / the memory.

6. Self-propelled carriage according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that a central electronic control unit is provided, which is the charging of a battery (3, 3a) for the

Operating system and / or the memory for kinetic rotational energy and / or the supercapacitor and the removal of the in the

controlling the accumulated energy, and which are provided with on-carriage specific electronic units (8a, 8b) for the motor / generators (M / G, m / g), and specific electronic units (8, 8e) for the storage devices ( 3, 3a, 4) and with a on the carriage existing receiver part (7a) of a remote control (7) connected (C) can be.

7. Self-propelled trolley according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the method of the loaded trolley along cable routes with gradient, for the eventual need for dissipation of the recovered energy by a retarder (1c) and, for locking the driving movement, by a Brake (1b) is monitored.

8. Self-propelled carriage according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the lowering of the load by means of cable winch (5) or load lifting device, concerning the locking of the lowering movement, is monitored by a brake which is controlled by a central electronic control unit (6).

9. Self-propelled carriage according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that, in the case of fully loaded energy storage devices (3, 3a, 4), while driving along

Rope courses with gradient of loaded or unloaded

Trolley, or during the eventual lowering of the load by means of cable winch / load lifting device, recovered energy, by means of motor (2m) with brake air screw (2) and / or retarder is dissipated which of the central electronic control unit (6) and, connected to this ( C), specific electronic unit (8c) is controlled.

10. Self-propelled carriage according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that in the case of raising / lowering of the load over a modest height, with the winch (5), or

Lifting device, connected motor / generator (m / g) not as

Generator is used and operated with the extracted energy from a memory.

11. Self-propelled carriage according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the group of capacitors over the

Motor / generators (M / G, m / g) and / or powered by a "range extender" via inverter.

12. Self-propelled carriage according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the motor / generators (M / G, m / g) are provided with sensors for measuring the weight of the lifted load and / or the torque on the power transmission devices such as pulleys (1) or drive crawlers, and these Measurements are compared with limits to prevent overloads.

13. Self-propelled carriage according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the motor / generator (M / G) for driving the pulleys (1) or drive crawlers is controlled by sensors, such that the carriage in the loading and unloading the ride slow down and stop in a predetermined position.