DE102016003532A1 - Energy transfer device for a transport vehicle and method for the exchange of electrical energy between a transport vehicle and transported by this vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an improved energy transmission device (12) for a transport vehicle (10, 10b) for transmitting electrical energy from the transport vehicle (10, 10b) to the vehicle (20) transported by it, and to a method for exchanging electrical energy between the transport vehicle (10, 10). 10b) and transported by this vehicle (20). In order to provide an improved energy transmission device (12), it is provided according to the invention that electrical energy can be transmitted from the transported vehicles (20) to the transport vehicle (10, 10b) by means of the energy transmission device (12).

Description

The invention relates to an energy transmission device for a transport vehicle for transmitting electrical energy, according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a method for exchanging electrical energy between a transport vehicle and vehicles transported by the latter according to patent claim 8.

From the DE 10 2010 010 119 A1 For example, a transport system for transporting people and vehicles is known, in which a transporter has a device for electrically charging the transported motor vehicles and, in the region of the loading surface, can have at least one power connection with which the motor vehicles can be coupled. Both the van itself and any trailer provided may each have its own generator for generating power for charging the motor vehicles. The system described aims to ensure the benefits of public transport and the accessibility of companies outside major cities or metropolitan areas.

From the US 3933258 For example, a vehicle transportation system is known in which a plurality of small, independent electric vehicles are transported by a transport or carrier vehicle along a roadway. Respective passengers of electric vehicles remain in the electric vehicles during transport. Furthermore, it can be provided that respective batteries of the electric vehicles are charged during transport via corresponding contacts of the transport vehicle.

The object of the present invention is to provide an improved energy transmission device for a transport vehicle and improved method for the exchange of electrical energy between a transport vehicle and vehicles transported by it.

This object is achieved by an energy transfer device with the features of claim 1 and a method having the features of claim 8.

In order to provide an improved energy transmission device for one, it is provided according to the invention that electrical energy can also be transmitted from the transported vehicles to the transport vehicle by means of the energy transmission device. In other words, a bidirectional flow of energy or power flow between the transport vehicle and the respective transported vehicles is possible, the direction of which can be adjusted depending on the situation and requirements. In the case of an energy flow from the transport vehicle to the transported vehicles, this can be used to charge respective electrical energy stores of the transported vehicles. In a reverse flow of energy from the transported vehicles to the transport vehicle this can be used to charge an electrical energy storage of the transport vehicle and / or to support a drive of the transport vehicle. Thus, for example, a range extension and / or a power or drive torque support of the transport vehicle can be realized. It is particularly advantageous if it is automatically or manually adjustable or selectable, which of the transported vehicles - and possibly also to what extent - contribute to the flow of energy. In particular, the possibility of a variable distribution of the contributions is advantageous here, in which not all transported vehicles are charged or must be charged to the same extent.

An advantage of the present invention is that it is ensured by charging the respective electrical energy storage or batteries of the transported vehicles during transport that the vehicles arrive with full batteries at their respective destination and are thus immediately ready for use. On the other hand, when recharging before transport, the batteries may at least partially be discharged until arrival at the destination, or an additional waiting time may be incurred when recharging at the destination.

The transported vehicles may be in particular electric or hybrid vehicles, while the transport vehicle may be an electric or hybrid utility vehicle, a conventional truck or truck trailer or a train or other rail vehicle. At least in principle, the present invention is also feasible for transport by water or air vehicles.

According to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the electrical energy transmitted by the transport vehicle to the transported vehicles for the purpose of charging respective electrical energy stores of the transported vehicles can be distributed variably thereto. In other words, therefore, a corresponding total charging power is variable and as flexible as possible distributed to the different, simultaneously transported vehicles or their respective batteries.

The term "battery" in the context of the present invention is intended to include any type of electrical energy storage such as conventional rechargeable batteries and accumulators in each one-cell and multi-cell design. Furthermore, under Charging the vehicles to understand charging the respective electrical energy storage.

Control of the individual charging power provided to each individual transported vehicle makes it possible, for example, to ensure that all vehicles with uniformly filled energy storage arrive at a common destination, if they have unevenly or differently charged batteries and / or at different locations on the transport vehicle to be charged. On the other hand, it is also possible to charge selectively individual vehicles with higher charging power, to ensure that those vehicles that are first unloaded arrive at their respective destination with full batteries, for example, if not all simultaneously transported vehicles have the same destination. Furthermore, an individual adaptation of the charging power is also advantageous if the vehicles transported at the same time are different models or models with different energy stores with possibly different capacities. The corresponding control of the distribution of the total charging power can for example be made by a provided as part of the transport vehicle or as part of the energy transfer device central control unit, but it is in principle also a decentralized control system conceivable.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the electrical energy transmitted by the transport vehicle to the transported vehicles can be obtained by recuperation of energy released during a braking operation of the transport vehicle. The recovery of energy by appropriate means of the transport vehicle during a braking operation and the use of this energy to charge the respective energy storage of the transported vehicles is particularly energy efficient and resource and environmentally friendly, since this energy would not be usable without appropriate means for recovery or recuperation. Instead, it would essentially be converted to heat and would eventually contribute to the mechanical wear of parts of the braking system of the transport vehicle. By using the energy obtained to charge the energy storage or batteries of the transported vehicles so possibly the life of the brake system of the transport vehicle can be improved and the safety and reliability can be improved by minimizing the thermal load.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that a load point and / or an idling speed of an engine of the transport vehicle can be raised by means of the power transmission device by a power demand. This means that, for example, at times when the engine, which may be, for example, a combustion engine and / or the drive motor of the transport vehicle - in an unfavorable, for example, by a low load inefficient, working area, additional power requested can be, which is transmitted from the power transmission device to the transported vehicles and stored there, for example, in their batteries. Thus, it is particularly advantageous possible to achieve an overall improved efficiency.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the energy transmission device of the transport vehicle comprises an electrical energy store. Such an additional energy store - for example in the form of a battery or a rechargeable battery - on the side of the transport vehicle can be used particularly advantageously for buffering or storing electrical energy. For example, energy can be stored if no vehicles are currently being transported or if all transported vehicles are fully charged. Optionally, the energy storage can also be used to compensate for fluctuations in the charging power.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the energy transmission device is set up both for an AC charging and for a DC charging of the electrical energy storage of the transported vehicles and switchable between these two charging modes. Thus, the flexibility and applicability of the energy transmission device can be increased particularly advantageous, so that in each case an optimal adaptation to the type or the facilities of each transported vehicles is possible.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the energy transmission device comprises means for a wireless, in particular inductive, energy transmission. Such means may comprise, for example, one or more charging coils, wherein a corresponding charging coil or corresponding means may be provided on the transport vehicle at each parking space for vehicles to be transported. An inductive or otherwise wireless charging option has the advantage that unintentionally - in an accident, for example - no live or live cables disconnect from the transported vehicles and possibly put other vehicle parts under tension thus endangering relief or rescue personnel, for example. It is also ensured that there is actually a connection to the energy exchange between the transported vehicles and the transport vehicle, since, for example, it can not be forgotten to make an otherwise provided cable connection. In addition, time is saved when loading and unloading the transported vehicles, since no cable connections have to be made and released.

In order to provide an improved method for exchanging electrical energy between a transport vehicle and vehicles transported by it, it is inventively provided that in a transmission of electrical energy from the transport vehicle to the transported vehicles, the electrical energy is variably distributed to the transported vehicles, or the electrical energy from the transported vehicles to the transport vehicle ( 10 . 10b ) is transmitted.

In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, it is provided that the electrical energy which is transmitted from the transport vehicle to the transported vehicles is obtained by the transport vehicle via an external supply line, in particular an overhead line. In this way, can be particularly advantageous to save weight in the transport vehicle, since there, for example, no facilities for recuperation of energy and / or another generator are necessary. However, such facilities may be additionally provided, wherein the energy transmitted to the transported vehicles - such as for charging the batteries of the transported vehicles - then optionally exclusively provided by the transport vehicle energy or exclusively through the external supply line provided electrical energy or by a Combination of the available energy sources can be performed. By providing electrical energy via an external supply line, for example, the charging of the transported vehicles can advantageously continue even if a recuperation system of the transport vehicle provides no energy.

The functional configurations of the energy transmission device according to the invention and the corresponding advantages described heretofore and hereinafter as well as in the patent claims are analogously also applicable to the method according to the invention or the devices and components used for carrying out the method according to the invention and vice versa.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment and from the drawings.

Showing:

1 a schematic side view of a transport vehicle with an energy transfer device for charging transported vehicles also shown;

2 a schematic side view of a portion of a rail transport vehicle with another embodiment of a power transmission device for charging the transported vehicles;

3 a schematic representation of a charging power flow to various vehicles;

4 a schematic representation of another charging power flow;

5 a schematic representation of an energy transfer device; and

6 a schematic representation of another embodiment of a power transmission device.

1 shows a schematic side view of a transport vehicle 10 , which with a power transmission device 12 is equipped and present a plurality of vehicles 20 transported. The transport vehicle 10 also has one or a plurality of supply lines 14 on which the energy transmission device 12 with a plurality of connecting cables 16 which in turn connect to a respective port 18 of the vehicles 20 are connected.

In the present case, it is the transport vehicle 10 around a truck, which has a plurality of vehicles 20 transported in two rows arranged one above the other. For a more detailed description of the energy transfer device 12 reference is made to the descriptions of the corresponding figures. In principle, however, it may be provided that the energy transmission device 12 a recuperation system comprises or is connected to such, which in a braking operation of the transport vehicle 10 Energy gains, which would otherwise be lost unused. Such a recuperation system can be formed centrally or decentrally and in a driven part of the transport vehicle 10 and / or a trailer (not shown here). Additionally or alternatively to The recuperation system can also be provided that the energy transmission device 12 and / or the transport vehicle 10 comprises a generator which is active from an engine of the transport vehicle 10 is driven and so electrical energy for charging respective electrical energy storage or batteries of the transported vehicles 20 provides. Likewise, it is additionally or alternatively also conceivable to use the electrical energy for charging the batteries of the transported vehicles 20 To provide an external supply device, which may be, for example, a catenary or a rail system. Such a possibility is particularly relevant for transport vehicles in the form of a trolleybus or for rail vehicles such as freight trains.

Since today's electric or hybrid vehicles typically have a plug or a socket for connecting an electrical line for charging the respective energy storage, it is provided here, the transported vehicles 20 each by an electrical connector and a connecting cable 16 with the supply line 14 and thus with the electrical system of the transport vehicle 10 or the energy transmission device 12 connect to. An equally conceivable advantageous alternative may be a wireless, in particular inductive, charging option. This can be one of the number of transportable vehicles 20 corresponding number of devices for inductive charging - in particular corresponding charging coils - on the transport vehicle 10 and optionally as part of the energy transfer device 12 be provided. It may be particularly advantageous to set individually for each vehicle transported, whether a wired supply via the respective associated supply line 16 and / or an inductive charging device is used for charging.

2 shows a schematic side view serving as a transport vehicle freight cars 10b which may be part of a train and also with an energy transfer device 12 Is provided. As with the in 1 illustrated transport vehicle 10 it is also provided here that the connection of the energy transmission device 12 with the transported vehicles 20 via one or a plurality of supply lines 14 and associated respective leads 16 as well as the respective connections 18 the transported vehicles 20 he follows. In the present case, it is provided that the energy transmission device 12 of the freight car 10b at least one generator 22 includes. This may be one in the region of an axle or on one or more wheels of the freight wagon 10b arranged wheel generator, wherein the energy transmission device 12 should include appropriately adapted and designed power electronics components. In addition, a connection, not shown here, of the energy transmission device 12 or the generator 22 with a control unit of the freight car 10b or the freight car 10b be provided comprehensive train, for example, the generator 22 on or off and / or the energy transfer device 12 to control.

A corresponding, with the respective energy transfer device 12 Connected control unit can of course in any type of transport vehicle 10 . 10b be provided.

In 3 is shown a schematic representation of a charging power flow, wherein a total charging power 24 several vehicles 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 is supplied. The total loading capacity 24 is at any time in total of the power transmission device 12 to charge the batteries of the transported vehicles 20 respectively 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 delivered or provided or can be provided. There are four vehicles here 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 but only for the purpose of illustration and all simultaneously transported vehicles 20 represents.

In the example shown, the vehicle 26 a share 24a the total load capacity 24 fed. In the same way the vehicle 28 a share 24b the vehicle 30 a share 24c and the vehicle 32 a share 24d the total load capacity 24 supplied, the sum of the shares 24a to 24d the total load capacity 24 equivalent. The individual shares 24a to 24d can be the same size or different sizes, with a temporal variation is possible here. Such a variation can, for example, depending on individual states of charge of the vehicles 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 be made. In this case, for example, a respective different battery capacity or even a specific predefined charging target may be relevant or taken into account. A certain allocation and / or variation of the total loading capacity 24 or the respective individual charging power but can, for example, depending on a respective individual expected residual transport time of the individual vehicles 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 and / or a respective individual destination or unloading be selected or set.

4 shows a schematic representation of another possible distribution of the flow of the total charging power 24 on the individual vehicles 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 , Here is the total charging power 24 completely the vehicle 26 fed and the remaining vehicles 28 . 30 . 32 are not charged. In the same way can any single vehicle 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 in each case the total charging power 24 be made available in full, then the other vehicles are not loaded. In addition to the in 3 and in 4 shown divisions of total charging power 24 Any divisions and gradations are possible to the total loading capacity 24 on the vehicles 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 divide. This means that the energy flow is completely and flexibly controllable and distributable.

5 shows a schematic representation of a variant of the energy transmission device 12 or a part of the energy transmission device 12 , For the sake of clarity, only a few essential components are shown here. In the present case is as part of the energy transmission device 12 a generator 34 provided at the output or outputs of a frequency converter 36 is connected, which in turn via one or via respective control lines 38 with switches 40 . 42 . 44 . 46 connected is. Each of these switches 40 . 42 . 44 . 46 can be controlled accordingly, each to an electrical connection to an associated vehicle 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 produce or interrupt.

The frequency converter 36 it converts him from the generator 34 provided AC voltage to at its output or at its outputs one for charging the transported vehicles 20 respectively 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 to provide suitable voltage. This may be, for example, an electrical alternating voltage with 230 volts and a frequency of 50 hertz. In principle, however, almost any values are conceivable which may also be selectable or adjustable depending on the type of vehicle transported and the corresponding requirements. For the transmission and / or conversion of the generator 34 provided voltage or of the generator 34 provided three-phase current components not shown here, for example, power electronics components may be provided.

6 shows a schematic representation of an alternative embodiment of the energy transmission device 12 in which at the output or to the outputs of the generator 34 a rectifier 48 is connected, which in turn on its DC side for a with a buffer 50 for electrical energy and on the other with a DC side of an inverter 52 connected is. The cache 52 can be used for buffering or storage of electrical energy and be realized for example in the form of a conventional rechargeable. Between an AC or output side of the inverter 52 and the individual vehicles 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 can, as already related to 5 described by closing or opening via a control line 38 controlled switches 40 . 42 . 44 . 46 an electrical connection is made or interrupted. Again, one for charging the transported vehicles 20 respectively 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 be provided suitable voltage, this being present on the output side of the inverter 52 and may also be, for example, a standard mains voltage of 230 volts with a frequency of 50 hertz.

In the 5 and 6 illustrated variants of the energy transmission device 12 So are suitable for AC charging, but it is also conceivable by appropriate adjustments an energy transfer device 12 to provide, which is suitable for DC charging. For example, in the in 5 illustrated variant of the frequency converter 36 be replaced by a corresponding inverter, which provides DC voltage at its output or it can in the in 6 illustrated variant of the inverter 52 be replaced by a DC-DC converter (DC / DC converter).

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

transport vehicle

10b

Rail transport vehicle

12

Engergieübertragungseinrichtung

14

supply line

16

connecting cable

18

connection

20

vehicle

22

generator

24

Total charging power

24a, 24b, 24c, 24d

Shares (the total load)

26, 28, 30, 32

vehicle

34

generator

36

frequency converter

38

control line

40, 42, 44, 46

switch

48

rectifier

50

cache

52

inverter

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102010010119 A1 [0002]
• US 3933258 [0003]

Claims (9)

Energy transfer device ( 12 ) for a transport vehicle ( 10 . 10b ), for transmitting electrical energy from the transport vehicle ( 10 . 10b ) to be transported by this vehicle ( 20 . 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 ), characterized in that by means of the energy transfer device ( 12 ) electrical energy from the transported vehicles ( 20 . 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 ) to the transport vehicle ( 10 . 10b ) is transferable. Energy transfer device ( 12 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that that of the transport vehicle ( 10 . 10b ) to the transported vehicles ( 20 . 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 ) transmitted electrical energy for charging respective electrical energy storage of the transported vehicles ( 20 . 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 ) is variably distributable to this. Energy transfer device ( 12 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that that of the transport vehicle ( 10 . 10b ) to the transported vehicles ( 20 . 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 ) transmitted electrical energy by recuperation of during a braking operation of the transport vehicle ( 10 . 10b ) released energy is recoverable. Energy transfer device ( 12 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by means of the energy transfer device ( 12 ) by a power demand a load point and / or an idle speed of an engine of the transport vehicle ( 10 . 10b ) is liftable. Energy transfer device ( 12 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy transmission device ( 12 ) of the transport vehicle ( 10 . 10b ) an electrical energy store ( 50 ). Energy transfer device ( 12 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy transmission device ( 12 ) for both an AC charging and a DC charging of the electrical energy storage of the transported vehicles ( 20 . 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 ) is set up and switchable between these two charging modes. Energy transfer device ( 12 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the energy transmission device ( 12 ) Comprises means for a wireless, in particular inductive, energy transmission. Method for exchanging electrical energy between a transport vehicle ( 10 . 10b ) and of these transported vehicles ( 20 . 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 ), characterized in that - in a transmission of electrical energy from the transport vehicle ( 10 , 10b ) to the transported vehicles ( 20 . 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 ) the electrical energy variably on the transported vehicles ( 20 . 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 ), or - the electrical energy from the transported vehicles ( 20 . 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 ) to the transport vehicle ( 10 . 10b ) is transmitted. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that the electrical energy generated by the transport vehicle ( 10 , 10b ) to the transported vehicles ( 20 . 26 . 28 . 30 . 32 ) is transmitted by the transport vehicle ( 10 . 10b ) via an external supply device, in particular a catenary, is obtained.

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