WO2018058952A1 - 一种涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法 - Google Patents

一种涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法 Download PDF

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WO2018058952A1
WO2018058952A1 PCT/CN2017/082309 CN2017082309W WO2018058952A1 WO 2018058952 A1 WO2018058952 A1 WO 2018058952A1 CN 2017082309 W CN2017082309 W CN 2017082309W WO 2018058952 A1 WO2018058952 A1 WO 2018058952A1
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copper
molten iron
vortex
stirring
iron
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French (fr)
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张廷安
豆志河
张保敬
张子木
刘燕
牛丽萍
王东兴
吕国志
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Northeastern University China
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Northeastern University China
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/068—Decarburising

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a method for removing carbon from copper-containing iron water by vortex enrollment into limestone.
  • Copper slag contains a large amount of valuable metal elements.
  • the utilization of copper slag is concentrated on copper extraction and iron extraction alone.
  • the simultaneous use of copper and iron is limited to copper-iron alloy.
  • Most of the extraction of copper and iron elements uses carbonaceous reducing agents to reduce oxides and sulfides in copper slag. To ensure the reduction effect, most of the carbonaceous reducing agents are added in excess, which makes the obtained copper-iron alloy contain a large amount of carbon, to a large extent. The use value of the alloy is lowered, and the copper-containing molten iron is used for smelting the copper-containing antibacterial stainless steel to perform the decarburization process.
  • Industrial decarburization methods include ordinary oxygen decarburization and vacuum decarburization. Although the degree of decarburization is different, all of them are reacted with carbon in the alloy to achieve the decarburization effect. This method is used in hot metal steelmaking. Widely used in the process. For copper-containing molten iron, the passage of oxygen causes the copper element to burn out.
  • the relatively low copper content is further reduced, and the application of copper-containing molten iron needs to ensure a certain copper element content.
  • the content of copper element in the martensite copper-containing antibacterial stainless steel is 2.5-4.0%, and the copper content is too low and needs to be in the subsequent process.
  • the addition of copper alloy is not worth the candle.
  • Patent No. 201210104356.0 proposes a new KR desulfurization stirring method, which involves desulfurization outside the hot metal furnace before the converter, and the desulfurization agent on the surface of the molten iron is mixed into the molten iron by the rotary agitation of the stirrer, but the decarburization is not involved. field.
  • the patent application number 201510802460.0 proposes a method of RH forced oxygen decarburization, which can reduce the carbon content to 9 ppm under vacuum conditions, but only involves decarburization of molten iron, and does not involve decarburization of copper-containing molten iron.
  • 201510471169.X proposes a method for smelting high-carbon high-strength molten iron in an argon-oxygen decarburization furnace, and does not involve decarburization of copper-containing molten iron.
  • the application No. 201610144809.0 proposes a method of mixing and pulverizing copper slag by stirring, and stirring to form a vortex, which has a very good reduction effect, but does not involve the field of decarburization.
  • the present invention proposes a method for removing turbulent wind into limestone to remove carbon from copper-containing iron.
  • the method uses a central stirring to stir and stir the molten iron to generate a vortex, and the powdered limestone is added to the center of the vortex and is immediately vortexed into the depth of the molten iron, fully mixed and reacted with the molten iron, and the limestone is rapidly decomposed into calcium oxide and CO 2 at a high temperature, CO 2 reacts with carbon in molten iron to produce CO, and CO 2 acts as a weak oxidizing gas and does not react with copper.
  • Calcium oxide can promote the dephosphorization and desiliconization process, and the slag floats on the surface of the melt to protect.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a method for removing vortex from limestone to remove carbon in copper-containing iron water comprises the following steps:
  • the copper-containing molten iron is obtained by adding a copper slag to the carbonaceous reducing agent, and the temperature of the copper-containing molten iron is 1450 to 1650 °C.
  • the mass percentage of carbon in the copper-containing iron water is 2.0 to 6.0%.
  • the copper-containing mass percentage in the copper-containing iron water is 4.68 to 5.88%.
  • the method for ensuring the temperature of the copper-containing molten iron ⁇ 1450 ° C is that the induction furnace itself is heated.
  • the induction furnace includes a slag discharge port and a discharge iron outlet, the lower portion of one side of the induction furnace is provided with a discharge port, and the upper portion of the induction furnace is provided with a slag discharge port. ;
  • the induction furnace is provided with a stirring paddle, a stirring paddle lifting system, a wind hood, a flue gas purifying system, a waste heat recovery system and a washing tower; the stirring paddle is disposed inside the induction furnace; and the wind hood is disposed in the induction furnace
  • the inlet of the flue gas purification system is connected to the hood through a pipeline
  • the inlet of the waste heat recovery system is connected to the outlet of the flue gas purification system through a pipeline
  • the inlet of the scrubbing tower passes through the pipeline and the waste heat recovery system
  • the outlet of the washing tower is connected to the atmosphere;
  • the stirring paddle is connected with a stirring paddle lifting system for replacing the stirring paddle; and the powder spraying device is used for spraying the limestone powder.
  • the stirring method is center stirring, and the stirring paddle is inserted into the 1/3 to 1/2 of the height of the copper-containing molten iron surface, and the center stirring is performed, and the center stirring speed is 50 to 200 r/min.
  • the stirring is performed by eccentric stirring, the eccentric stirring speed is 50 to 200 r/min, and the eccentricity is 0.1 to 0.8, in order to diffuse the generated CO 2 . Mix more with the vortex.
  • the carbon content in the copper-containing iron water after decarburization is ⁇ 0.2% by mass.
  • the mass percentage of copper in the copper-containing molten iron after decarburization is Cu: 4.67 to 5.87%.
  • the main component of the slag is CaO.
  • step (4) after the decarburized copper-containing molten iron and the slag are obtained, a gas is generated, and the gas is mainly the remaining CO 2 , which is sent to the flue gas purification system via the hood, and after the purification treatment, the residual heat
  • the recovery system recovers the waste heat and recovers it with a Ca(OH) 2 solution through a washing tower, and obtains a CaCO 3 precipitate as a limestone powder raw material and returns it to the induction furnace for reuse.
  • the upper layer is slag
  • the lower layer is decarburized copper-containing molten iron
  • the slag is discharged from the slag discharge port
  • the copper-containing molten iron is discharged from the discharge port after decarburization.
  • CO 2 is a weak oxidizing gas, which does not oxidize copper while decarburizing, not only achieves the effect of decarburization, but also avoids the burning of copper.
  • the decarburizing agent adopts cheaper limestone and is added by stirring.
  • the added limestone can be quickly mixed into the molten iron, and the reaction is rapid and complete, and the construction period is short.
  • the method is simple in process, adding a stirring system to the induction furnace, with low investment, energy saving and environmental protection, low cost and high economic value.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of an induction furnace system using the method of the present invention, wherein: 1-slag discharge port; 2-row iron nozzle; 3-propeller paddle; 4-propeller paddle lifting system; 5-dusting device; ; 7 - flue gas purification system; 8 - waste heat recovery system; 9 - washing tower.
  • the copper-containing molten iron used in the present embodiment has specific compositions as shown in Table 1.
  • FIG. 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the induction furnace system used in this embodiment is shown in FIG.
  • a method for removing vortex from limestone to remove carbon in copper-containing iron water comprises the following steps:
  • the copper-containing molten iron obtained by the reduction is heated at a temperature of 1450 ° C and a mass of 20 t, and is added to the induction furnace to control the temperature of the copper-containing molten iron to be 1450 ° C, and the copper-containing molten iron is contained.
  • the mass percentage of C is 2.0%, and the mass percentage of Cu is 4.68%;
  • the upper layer is slag
  • the main component of the slag is CaO
  • the lower layer is decarburized copper-containing molten iron.
  • the decarburized copper-containing molten iron is discharged from the iron discharge port 2, and the slag is discharged from the slag discharge port. 1 discharge, wherein, after decarburization, the content of C in the copper-containing iron water is 0.08%, the mass percentage of Cu in the copper-containing iron water after decarburization is 4.67%, the mass fraction containing P is 0.105%, and the mass fraction containing Si is 0.215%. .
  • the copper-containing molten iron used in the present embodiment has specific compositions as shown in Table 2.
  • FIG. 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the induction furnace system used in this embodiment is shown in FIG.
  • a method for removing vortex from limestone to remove carbon in copper-containing iron water comprises the following steps:
  • the copper-containing molten iron obtained by reduction is heated at a temperature of 1500 ° C and a mass of 20 t, and is added to an induction furnace to control the temperature of the copper-containing molten iron to be 1500 ° C.
  • the mass percentage of C is 3.2%, and the mass percentage of Cu is 5.06%;
  • the upper layer is slag
  • the main component of the slag is CaO
  • the lower layer is decarburized copper-containing molten iron.
  • the decarburized copper-containing molten iron is discharged from the iron discharge port 2, and the slag is discharged from the slag discharge port. 1 discharge, wherein, after decarburization, the content of C in the copper-containing iron water is 0.13%, the mass percentage of Cu in the copper-containing iron water after decarburization is 5.04%, the mass fraction of P is 0.08%, and the mass fraction of Si is 0.135%. .
  • the copper-containing molten iron used in the present embodiment is as shown in Table 3.
  • FIG. 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the induction furnace system used in this embodiment is shown in FIG.
  • a method for removing vortex from limestone to remove carbon in copper-containing iron water comprises the following steps:
  • the copper-containing molten iron obtained by the reduction is heated at a temperature of 1550 ° C and a mass of 30 t, and is added to the induction furnace to control the temperature of the copper-containing molten iron to be 1550 ° C.
  • the mass percentage of C is 4.5%, and the mass percentage of Cu is 5.24%;
  • the limestone powder is directly entangled in the molten iron and is in contact with the molten iron and reacts to form decarburized copper-containing molten iron and slag, and the remaining CO 2 is removed to the flue gas purification system 7 via the hood 6 to purify
  • the waste heat is recovered by the waste heat recovery system 8, and is recovered by the Ca(OH) 2 solution through the washing tower 9, and the CaCO 3 precipitate is returned to the induction furnace as a limestone powder raw material, and reused;
  • the upper layer is slag
  • the main component of the slag is CaO
  • the lower layer is decarburized copper-containing molten iron.
  • the decarburized copper-containing molten iron is discharged from the iron discharge port 2, and the slag is discharged from the slag discharge port. 1 discharge, wherein, after decarburization, the content of C in the copper-containing iron water is 0.10%, the mass percentage of Cu in the copper-containing iron water after decarburization is 5.23%, the mass fraction containing P is 0.11%, and the mass fraction containing Si is 0.205%. .
  • the copper-containing molten iron used in the present embodiment has specific compositions as shown in Table 4.
  • FIG. 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the induction furnace system used in this embodiment is shown in FIG.
  • a method for removing vortex from limestone to remove carbon in copper-containing iron water comprises the following steps:
  • the copper-containing molten iron obtained by the reduction is heated at a temperature of 1650 ° C and a mass of 20 t, and is added to the induction furnace to control the temperature of the copper-containing molten iron to be 1650 ° C, and the copper-containing molten iron is contained.
  • the mass percentage of C is 6.0%, and the mass percentage of Cu is 5.88%;
  • the limestone powder is directly entangled in the molten iron and is in contact with the molten iron and reacts to form decarburized copper-containing molten iron and slag, and the remaining CO 2 is removed to the flue gas purification system 7 via the hood 6 to purify
  • the waste heat is recovered by the waste heat recovery system 8, and is recovered by the Ca(OH) 2 solution through the washing tower 9, and the CaCO 3 precipitate is returned to the induction furnace as a limestone powder raw material, and reused;
  • the upper layer is slag
  • the main component of the slag is CaO
  • the lower layer is decarburized copper-containing molten iron.
  • the decarburized copper-containing molten iron is discharged from the iron discharge port 2, and the slag is discharged from the slag discharge port. 1 discharge, wherein, after decarburization, the content of C in the copper-containing iron water is 0.2%, and the mass percentage of Cu in the copper-containing iron water after decarburization is 5.87%, and the mass fraction containing P is 0.092%, including The Si mass fraction was 0.165%.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

一种涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法，属于冶金技术领域，具体步骤为：(1)将由铜渣加入碳质还原剂还原得到的含铜铁水导入感应炉中，保证含铜铁水温度≥1450℃；(2)对含铜铁水进行中心搅拌，形成高径比为0.5～2.5的旋涡；(3)将石灰石粉末喷入漩涡中心，持续中心搅拌，石灰石粉末喷入后进行偏心搅拌，使生成的CO2与漩涡混合更为充分；(4)石灰石粉末被漩涡直接卷入铁水内与铁水充发生反应，得到脱碳后的含铜铁水和熔渣；(5)脱碳后的含铜铁水和熔渣分层排出。该方法工艺简单，投资少，节能环保，成本低廉，具有较高的经济价值，不但能达到脱碳目的，还能保护其中的铜元素不被烧损。

Description

一种涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法 技术领域：
本发明属于冶金技术领域，具体涉及一种涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法。
背景技术：
每生产1吨铜会产生2.2吨铜渣，随着炼铜技术的迅速发展，铜渣的堆存量也大大增加。铜渣中含有大量的有价金属元素，而目前对铜渣的利用还集中在单独提铜和单独提铁方面，铜铁元素的同时利用也仅限于铜铁合金。铜铁元素的提取大都采用碳质还原剂还原铜渣中的氧化物和硫化物，为保证还原效果，碳质还原剂大都过量加入，这使得得到的铜铁合金中含有大量的碳，很大程度上降低了合金的利用价值，将含铜铁水用于冶炼含铜抗菌不锈钢需进行脱碳过程。
工业上脱碳的方法有普通吹氧脱碳法和真空脱碳法，虽然脱碳的程度不同，但都为通入氧气与合金中的碳发生反应达到脱碳效果，此方法在铁水炼钢过程中广泛应用。对于含铜铁水，氧气的通入会使铜元素烧损。
O2+[Cu]＝Cu2O
使得相对较低的铜含量进一步降低，而含铜铁水的应用需要保证一定的铜元素含量，马氏体含铜抗菌不锈钢铜元素含量要求为2.5～4.0％，铜含量太低还需在后续过程中加入铜合金，得不偿失。
在工业上固体添加物的加入大都悬浮在熔体表面，难以与熔渣熔池充分接触，添加剂利用率极低，且一些密度较小的添加剂挥发严重，造成非常严重的环境污染。因此，找到一种新的脱碳剂脱除含铜铁水中的碳是非常必要的，不但有效脱除合金中的碳元素，还可以保护合金中的少量有价元素，除此之外，还需一种新的添加方式来提高脱碳剂的利用率。
申请号为201210104356.0的专利提出了一种新型KR脱硫搅拌方法，涉及转炉前铁水炉外脱硫，通过搅拌器的旋转搅动，使铁水表面上的脱硫剂卷入铁水中混合脱硫，但是未涉及脱碳领域。申请号为201510802460.0的专利提出RH强制吹氧脱碳的方法，在真空条件下可将碳含量降到9ppm，但只涉及铁水脱碳，未涉及含铜铁水脱碳。申请号为201510471169.X的专利提出一种氩氧脱碳炉冶炼高碳高猛含量铁水的方法，也未涉及含铜铁水脱碳。申请号为201610144809.0的专利提出一种搅拌卷入煤粉还原铜渣的方法，搅拌形成涡流，有非常好的还原效果，但未涉及脱碳领域。
发明内容：
针对现有固体添加剂加入方式和氧气脱碳的不足，本发明提出了一种涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法。该方法采用中心搅拌旋转搅动铁水产生漩涡，将粉状的石灰石加入到漩涡中心立刻被漩涡卷入铁水深处，与铁水充分混合并反应，石灰石在高温下迅速分解成氧化钙和CO2，CO2与铁水中的碳发生反应产生CO，且CO2作为弱氧化气体，与铜不发生反应。氧化钙可促进脱磷、脱硅过程的进行，并造渣浮在熔体表面起保护作用。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)将含铜铁水导入到感应炉中，保证含铜铁水的温度≥1450℃；
(2)对含铜铁水进行搅拌，形成高径比为0.5～2.5的旋涡；
(3)将石灰石粉末喷入到漩涡中心，喷入过程中，持续进行步骤(2)的搅拌，并保持漩涡温度≥1450℃，石灰石粉末喷吹结束后，继续搅拌20～40min；其中，按质量比，石灰石粉末∶含铜铁水＝(1～4)∶10；
(4)石灰石粉末被漩涡直接卷入铁水内与铁水充分接触并发生反应，得到脱碳后的含铜铁水和熔渣；
(5)脱碳后的含铜铁水和熔渣分层排出。
所述的步骤(1)中，含铜铁水为铜渣加入碳质还原剂还原后得到，含铜铁水温度为1450～1650℃。
所述的步骤(1)中，含铜铁水中含碳质量百分数为2.0～6.0％。
所述的步骤(1)中，含铜铁水中含铜质量百分数为4.68～5.88％。
所述的步骤(1)中，保证含铜铁水的温度≥1450℃的方法为，感应炉自身加热。
所述的步骤(1)中，感应炉包括排渣口和排铁水口，所述的感应炉的一侧的下部设置有排铁水口，在感应炉的另一侧的上部设置有排渣口；
所述的感应炉设置有搅拌桨、搅拌桨升降系统、风罩、烟气净化系统、余热回收系统和洗涤塔；所述的搅拌桨设置在感应炉内部；所述的风罩设置在感应炉的上方，所述的烟气净化系统的入口通过管道与风罩相连，所述的余热回收系统的入口通过管道与烟气净化系统的出口连接，所述的洗涤塔入口通过管道与余热回收系统的出口连接，所述的洗涤塔出口于大气连通；所述的搅拌桨连接有搅拌桨升降系统，用于更换搅拌桨；所述的喷粉设备用于喷吹石灰石粉末。
所述的步骤(2)中，搅拌方式为中心搅拌，调整搅拌桨插入至含铜铁水液面高度的1/3～1/2处，进行中心搅拌，中心搅拌速度为50～200r/min。
所述的步骤(3)中，石灰石粉末喷吹结束后，进行的搅拌为偏心搅拌，偏心搅拌速度为 50～200r/min，偏心度为0.1～0.8，目的是使生成的CO2弥散化，与漩涡混合更为充分。
所述的步骤(4)中，脱碳后含铜铁水中含碳质量百分数≤0.2％。
所述的步骤(4)中，脱碳后含铜铁水中含铜质量百分数为Cu：4.67～5.87％。
所述的步骤(4)中，熔渣的主要成分为CaO。
所述的步骤(4)中，得到脱碳后的含铜铁水和熔渣的同时，产生气体，气体主要为剩余的CO2，经由风罩去往烟气净化系统，净化处理后，经余热回收系统回收余热，并通过洗涤塔，用Ca(OH)2溶液进行回收，得到CaCO3沉淀作为石灰石粉末原料返回感应炉中，重新利用。
所述的步骤(5)中，感应炉中，上层为熔渣，下层为脱碳后的含铜铁水，将熔渣从排渣口排出，脱碳后含铜铁水从排铁水口排出。
脱碳原理：
CaCO3＝CaO+CO2(g)
CO2+[C]＝2CO(g)
本发明的有益效果：
(1)通过搅拌方法，搅拌器中心搅拌旋转搅动在铁水中产生漩涡，漩流将喷粉设备加入到铁水表面的石灰石立刻卷入铁水深处，石灰石迅速分解产生CO2，与含铜铁水中的[C]发生反应达到脱碳效果。
(2)CO2为弱氧化气体，在脱碳的同时不会使铜氧化，既达到脱碳的效果，又能避免铜的烧损。
(3)脱碳剂采用较为廉价的石灰石，且搅拌加入，加入的石灰石能迅速混入铁水，反应迅速彻底，工期流程短。
(4)通过加入石灰石可有效降低铁水中碳含量，产生的CO2带来的氧化条件有助于铁水中磷、硅的脱除，使铁水含碳可降到0.2％以下，符合炼钢用铁水需求，且不降低熔体的铜含量。
(5)该方法工艺简单，感应炉添加搅拌系统，投资少，节能环保，成本低廉，具有较高的经济价值。
附图说明：
图1是采用本发明方法的感应炉系统结构示意图，其中：1-排渣口；2-排铁水口；3-搅拌桨；4-搅拌桨升降系统；5-喷粉设备；6-风罩；7-烟气净化系统；8-余热回收系统；9-洗涤塔。
具体实施方式：
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
实施例1
本实施例中所用含铜铁水，具体成分如表1所示。
表1含铜铁水中各元素成分含量(质量分数，％)
Figure PCTCN2017082309-appb-000001
本实施例采用的感应炉系统结构示意图见图1。
一种涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)取铜渣加入碳质还原剂后，还原得到的含铜铁水，温度为1450℃，质量为20t，加入到感应炉中，控制含铜铁水的温度为1450℃，含铜铁水中含C质量百分数为2.0％，含Cu质量百分数为4.68％；
(2)调整搅拌桨3插入至含铜铁水液面高度的1/3处，对含铜铁水进行中心搅拌，搅拌速度为50r/min，形成高径比为0.5的旋涡；
根据反应需要，通过搅拌桨升降系统4，更换搅拌桨3；
(3)将2t石灰石粉末由喷粉设备5喷入到漩涡中心，持续进行中心搅拌，并通过感应炉，保持漩涡温度为1450℃，石灰石粉末喷吹结束后改为偏心搅拌，偏心度为0.1，偏心搅拌时间为20min，使生成的CO2弥散化，与漩涡混合更为充分；
(4)石灰石粉末被漩涡直接卷入铁水内与铁水充分接触并发生反应，得到脱碳后的含铜铁水和熔渣，剩余的CO2，经由风罩6去往烟气净化系统7，净化处理后，经余热回收系统8回收余热，并通过洗涤塔9，用Ca(OH)2溶液进行回收，得到CaCO3沉淀作为石灰石粉末原料返回感应炉中，重新利用；
(5)感应炉中，上层为熔渣，熔渣的主要成分为CaO，下层为脱碳后的含铜铁水，脱碳后的含铜铁水由排铁水口2排出，熔渣由排渣口1排出，其中，脱碳后含铜铁水中含C质量百分数为0.08％，脱碳后含铜铁水中含Cu质量百分数为4.67％，含P质量分数为0.105％，含Si质量分数为0.215％。
实施例2
本实施例中所用含铜铁水，具体成分如表2所示。
表2含铜铁水中各元素成分含量(质量分数，％)
Figure PCTCN2017082309-appb-000002
本实施例采用的感应炉系统结构示意图见图1。
一种涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)取铜渣加入碳质还原剂后，还原得到的含铜铁水，温度为1500℃，质量为20t，加入到感应炉中，控制含铜铁水的温度为1500℃，含铜铁水中含C质量百分数为3.2％，含Cu质量百分数为5.06％；
(2)调整搅拌桨3插入至含铜铁水液面高度的1/3处，对含铜铁水进行中心搅拌，搅拌速度为100r/min，形成高径比为1.5的旋涡；
根据反应需要，通过搅拌桨升降系统4，更换搅拌桨3；
(3)将4t石灰石粉末由喷粉设备5喷入到漩涡中心，持续进行中心搅拌，并通过感应炉，保持漩涡温度为1500℃，石灰石喷吹结束后改为偏心搅拌，偏心度为0.3，偏心搅拌时间为30min，使生成的CO2弥散化，与漩涡混合更为充分；
(4)石灰石粉末被漩涡直接卷入铁水内与铁水充分接触并发生反应，得到脱碳后的含铜铁水和熔渣，剩余的CO2，经由风罩6去往烟气净化系统7，净化处理后，经余热回收系统8回收余热，并通过洗涤塔9，用Ca(OH)2溶液进行回收，得到CaCO3沉淀作为石灰石粉末原料返回感应炉中，重新利用；
(5)感应炉中，上层为熔渣，熔渣的主要成分为CaO，下层为脱碳后的含铜铁水，脱碳后的含铜铁水由排铁水口2排出，熔渣由排渣口1排出，其中，脱碳后含铜铁水中含C质量百分数为0.13％，脱碳后含铜铁水中含Cu质量百分数为5.04％，含P质量分数为0.08％，含Si质量分数为0.135％。
实施例3
本实施例中所用含铜铁水，具体成分如表3所示。
表3含铜铁水中各元素成分含量(质量分数，％)
Figure PCTCN2017082309-appb-000003
本实施例采用的感应炉系统结构示意图见图1。
一种涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)取铜渣加入碳质还原剂后，还原得到的含铜铁水，温度为1550℃，质量为30t，加入到感应炉中，控制含铜铁水的温度为1550℃，含铜铁水中含C质量百分数为4.5％，含Cu质量百分数为5.24％；
(2)调整搅拌桨3插入至含铜铁水液面高度的1/2处，对含铜铁水进行中心搅拌，搅拌速度为150r/min，形成高径比为2.0的旋涡；
根据反应需要，通过搅拌桨升降系统4，更换搅拌桨3；
(3)将9t石灰石粉末由喷粉设备5喷入到漩涡中心，持续进行中心搅拌，并通过感应炉，保持漩涡温度为1550℃，石灰石喷吹结束后改为偏心搅拌，偏心度为0.6，偏心搅拌时间为 35min，使生成的CO2弥散化，与漩涡混合更为充分；
(4)石灰石粉末被漩涡直接卷入铁水内与铁水充分接触并发生反应，形成脱碳后的含铜铁水和熔渣，剩余的CO2，经由风罩6去往烟气净化系统7，净化处理后，经余热回收系统8回收余热，并通过洗涤塔9，用Ca(OH)2溶液进行回收，得到CaCO3沉淀作为石灰石粉末原料返回感应炉中，重新利用；
(5)感应炉中，上层为熔渣，熔渣的主要成分为CaO，下层为脱碳后的含铜铁水，脱碳后的含铜铁水由排铁水口2排出，熔渣由排渣口1排出，其中，脱碳后含铜铁水中含C质量百分数为0.10％，脱碳后含铜铁水中含Cu质量百分数为5.23％，含P质量分数为0.11％，含Si质量分数为0.205％。
实施例4
本实施例中所用含铜铁水，具体成分如表4所示。
表4含铜铁水中各元素成分含量(质量分数，％)
Figure PCTCN2017082309-appb-000004
本实施例采用的感应炉系统结构示意图见图1。
一种涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)取铜渣加入碳质还原剂后，还原得到的含铜铁水，温度为1650℃，质量为20t，加入到感应炉中，控制含铜铁水的温度为1650℃，含铜铁水中含C质量百分数为6.0％，含Cu质量百分数为5.88％；
(2)调整搅拌桨3插入至含铜铁水液面高度的1/2处，对含铜铁水进行中心搅拌，搅拌速度为200r/min，形成高径比为2.5的旋涡；
根据反应需要，通过搅拌桨升降系统4，更换搅拌桨3；
(3)将8t石灰石粉末由喷粉设备5喷入到漩涡中心，持续进行中心搅拌，并通过感应炉，保持漩涡温度为1650℃，石灰石喷吹结束后改为偏心搅拌，偏心度为0.8，偏心搅拌时间为40min，使生成的CO2弥散化，与漩涡混合更为充分；
(4)石灰石粉末被漩涡直接卷入铁水内与铁水充分接触并发生反应，形成脱碳后的含铜铁水和熔渣，剩余的CO2，经由风罩6去往烟气净化系统7，净化处理后，经余热回收系统8回收余热，并通过洗涤塔9，用Ca(OH)2溶液进行回收，得到CaCO3沉淀作为石灰石粉末原料返回感应炉中，重新利用；
(5)感应炉中，上层为熔渣，熔渣的主要成分为CaO，下层为脱碳后的含铜铁水，脱碳后的含铜铁水由排铁水口2排出，熔渣由排渣口1排出，其中，脱碳后含铜铁水中含C质量百分数为0.2％，脱碳后含铜铁水中含Cu质量百分数为5.87％，含P质量分数为0.092％，含 Si质量分数为0.165％。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    (1)将含铜铁水导入到感应炉中，保证含铜铁水的温度≥1450℃；
    (2)对含铜铁水进行搅拌，形成高径比为0.5～2.5的旋涡；
    (3)将石灰石粉末喷入到漩涡中心，喷入过程中，持续进行步骤(2)的搅拌，并保持漩涡温度≥1450℃，石灰石粉末喷吹结束后，继续搅拌20～40min；其中，按质量比，石灰石粉末∶含铜铁水＝(1～4)∶10；
    (4)石灰石粉末被漩涡直接卷入铁水内与铁水充分接触并发生反应，得到脱碳后的含铜铁水和熔渣；
    (5)脱碳后的含铜铁水和熔渣分层排出。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤(1)中，含铜铁水为铜渣加入碳质还原剂还原后得到，含铜铁水温度为1450～1650℃。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤(1)中，感应炉包括排渣口和排铁水口，所述的感应炉的一侧的下部设置有排铁水口，在感应炉的另一侧的上部设置有排渣口；
    所述的感应炉设置有搅拌桨、搅拌桨升降系统、风罩、烟气净化系统、余热回收系统和洗涤塔；所述的搅拌桨设置在感应炉内部；所述的风罩设置在感应炉的上方，所述的烟气净化系统的入口通过管道与风罩相连，所述的余热回收系统的入口通过管道与烟气净化系统的出口连接，所述的洗涤塔通过管道与余热回收系统的出口连接；所述的搅拌桨连接有搅拌桨升降系统，用于更换搅拌桨；所述的喷粉设备用于喷吹石灰石粉末。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤(2)中，搅拌方式为中心搅拌，调整搅拌桨插入至含铜铁水液面高度的1/3～1/2处，进行中心搅拌，中心搅拌速度为50～200r/min。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤(3)中，石灰石粉末喷吹结束后，进行的搅拌为偏心搅拌，偏心搅拌速度为50～200r/min，偏心度为0.1～0.8。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤(4)中，脱碳后含铜铁水中含碳质量百分数≤0.2％。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤(4)中，得到脱碳后的含铜铁水和熔渣的同时，得到剩余CO2，经由风罩去往烟气净化系统，净化处理后，经余热回收系统回收余热，并通过洗涤塔，用Ca(OH)2溶液进行回收，得到CaCO3沉淀作为石灰石粉末原料返回感应炉中，重新利用。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的涡流卷入石灰石脱除含铜铁水中碳的方法，其特征在于，所述的步骤(5)中，感应炉中，上层为熔渣，下层为脱碳后的含铜铁水，将熔渣从排渣口排出，脱碳后含铜铁水从排铁水口排出。
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