WO2018058297A1 - 无人飞行器的航行灯和无人飞行器 - Google Patents

无人飞行器的航行灯和无人飞行器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018058297A1
WO2018058297A1 PCT/CN2016/100319 CN2016100319W WO2018058297A1 WO 2018058297 A1 WO2018058297 A1 WO 2018058297A1 CN 2016100319 W CN2016100319 W CN 2016100319W WO 2018058297 A1 WO2018058297 A1 WO 2018058297A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
unmanned aerial
aerial vehicle
navigation
guiding element
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PCT/CN2016/100319
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
熊贤武
唐尹
熊荣明
黄淮
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深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
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Application filed by 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority to CN201680002265.2A priority Critical patent/CN106662313A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2016/100319 priority patent/WO2018058297A1/zh
Publication of WO2018058297A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018058297A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/235—Light guides
    • F21S43/236—Light guides characterised by the shape of the light guide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D47/00—Equipment not otherwise provided for
    • B64D47/02—Arrangements or adaptations of signal or lighting devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D47/00—Equipment not otherwise provided for
    • B64D47/02—Arrangements or adaptations of signal or lighting devices
    • B64D47/06—Arrangements or adaptations of signal or lighting devices for indicating aircraft presence
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U10/00—Type of UAV
    • B64U10/10—Rotorcrafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/10—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source
    • F21S43/13—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S43/14—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S43/00—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights
    • F21S43/20—Signalling devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. brake lamps, direction indicator lights or reversing lights characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S43/235—Light guides
    • F21S43/249—Light guides with two or more light sources being coupled into the light guide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
    • F21V13/02—Combinations of only two kinds of elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V19/00—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders
    • F21V19/001—Fastening of light sources or lamp holders the light sources being semiconductors devices, e.g. LEDs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64U—UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES [UAV]; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64U20/00—Constructional aspects of UAVs
    • B64U20/80—Arrangement of on-board electronics, e.g. avionics systems or wiring
    • B64U20/83—Electronic components structurally integrated with aircraft elements, e.g. circuit boards carrying loads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V2200/00—Use of light guides, e.g. fibre optic devices, in lighting devices or systems
    • F21V2200/20—Use of light guides, e.g. fibre optic devices, in lighting devices or systems of light guides of a generally planar shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2107/00—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles
    • F21W2107/30—Use or application of lighting devices on or in particular types of vehicles for aircraft

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, and particularly relates to a navigation light of an unmanned aerial vehicle and an unmanned aerial vehicle equipped with a navigation light.
  • a drone is an aircraft that can fly automatically in accordance with a predetermined procedure. However, in some cases it is still necessary for the user on the ground to manually control their flight. However, at night, it is difficult for the user to observe the orientation of the drone in the dark. Therefore, when using the drone at night, it is necessary to use the night pointing device to help the user judge the orientation of the drone.
  • a nighttime pointing device is also required to confirm the operating state of the drone.
  • Figure 1 shows the general structure of a conventional navigation light.
  • the navigation light comprises an LED 1 and a lamp cover 2, and by providing a distance between the LED 1 and the lamp cover 2, the light emitted by the LED 1 can be irradiated to the entire light-emitting surface of the lamp cover 2, thereby achieving uniform light output. effect.
  • the area of the light-emitting surface is large, a large LED is required, or the LED is placed near the focus position of the light-emitting surface, thereby requiring a large space to achieve the desired light-emitting effect.
  • the distance between the LED and the lamp cover is often not too large. If the existing structure is adopted, the light emitted by the LED cannot be uniformly irradiated onto the light-emitting surface of the reticle, thereby causing uneven illumination of the navigation lamp. For example, the middle portion of the lampshade is brighter and the edge portion is darker. Therefore, it is necessary to design a navigation light with a compact structure and uniform light emission to meet the requirements of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles such as drones.
  • the invention aims to solve the disadvantage that the structure of the existing navigation light for an unmanned aerial vehicle has a large occupied space.
  • a navigation light for an unmanned aerial vehicle includes: a light source for generating light; a light guiding element comprising a bottom surface, a top surface disposed opposite to the bottom surface, and a side surface between the top surface and the bottom surface; The side surface is a light incident surface for receiving light generated by the light source; the top surface is a light emitting surface; and a light reflecting element is disposed facing the bottom surface of the light guiding element for facing the light guiding element The emitted light of the bottom surface is reflected, and the reflected light is emitted from the light-emitting surface of the light guiding element.
  • the invention also proposes an unmanned aerial vehicle comprising the above navigation light.
  • the navigation light of the invention has the advantages of compact structure and uniform light emission, so that it is more suitable for the use of an unmanned aerial vehicle with high space structure design requirements.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional navigation light
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded view of a navigation light for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the assembly structure of a navigation light for an unmanned aerial vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a front elevational view of one embodiment of an unmanned aerial vehicle having a navigation light of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a rear elevational view of one embodiment of an unmanned aerial vehicle having a navigation light of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a navigation light for an unmanned aerial vehicle that can be used primarily to indicate the orientation of the unmanned aerial vehicle, or the orientation of the nose or tail, during night flight.
  • the navigation lights may also be used to indicate other operating conditions of the UAV, such as indicating whether the overall operation is normal, or whether a component (such as a propeller) is marked. Normal operation, etc.
  • the navigation light of the present invention is not limited to the field, and any device remotely controlled by wired, wireless, etc. can be reasonably utilized.
  • the present invention is, for example, an unmanned vehicle such as a driverless car or a ship, and a robot arm, a robot, and the like that require remote operation.
  • the navigation light of the present invention includes a light source and a light guiding element.
  • the light source is used to generate light, which may be one or more than one, and the invention is not limited to the number of light sources.
  • the light guiding element is for conducting and emitting light, and includes a bottom surface and a top surface, and a side surface between the top surface and the bottom surface, the top surface being disposed opposite to the bottom surface.
  • the light guiding element may generally be a flat plate shape, and the two opposite surfaces having the largest area of the plate shape are the light emitting surface and the bottom surface, respectively, and the other surfaces are side surfaces.
  • the invention uses the side of the light guiding element as a light incident surface for receiving light generated by the light source.
  • the top surface of the light guiding element serves as a light emitting surface.
  • the present invention uses a light guiding element instead of a conventional reticle as a component for emitting light, and changes the conventional front side light source entrance mode, and uses the light source side incidence mode.
  • the advantage of this is that the light source does not have to be a certain distance from the light-emitting surface, so that the structure of the entire navigation light does not have to be designed to be thick, which saves space, and is more suitable for use in a device with a small design space such as an unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • the light guiding element serves as a medium for light conduction, which is generally composed of a material having good light transmittance for visible light, such as colorless transparent glass, resin, crystal, etc., but may also have a specific color in some applications, for example. Colored glass or the like is used to emit light of a specific color.
  • the present invention adds a light reflecting element to the navigation light and causes the light reflecting element to face the bottom surface of the light guiding element.
  • the light reflecting element can reflect the light emitted from the bottom surface of the light guiding element, and the reflected light is emitted from the top surface of the light guiding element, that is, the light emitting surface. Since the retroreflective element is added, the intensity of the light emitted from the light-emitting surface of the light guiding element is increased, so that the light-emitting brightness of the navigation light can be increased, and the ability to be recognized can be improved.
  • the light reflecting element may be any light reflecting capability such as a light reflecting film, a light reflecting plate, or the like.
  • the invention does not limit the connection manner and distance of the light reflecting element and the light guiding element.
  • the retroreflective element may be a reflective film, a reflector, or the like attached to the bottom surface; or the retroreflective element may be formed directly on the bottom surface of the light guiding element, such as by electroplating a reflective material (eg, silver).
  • the bottom surface of the light guiding element; or the light reflecting element is disposed at a distance from the bottom surface of the light guiding element, that is, at a certain distance.
  • the present invention preferably provides a light scattering structure inside the light guiding element, and the light scattering structure functions to scatter light incident on the inside or/and the surface thereof so that light incident from the side is Homogenization after scattering.
  • the light scattering structure is located on the bottom surface of the light guiding element or the light incident surface for better scattering.
  • the light scattering structure may be a structure of the light guiding element itself or a separate structure embedded in the light guiding element.
  • the invention is not limited to how it is formed in a light guiding element. In terms of its form, it can be applied to the present invention as long as it can scatter light, that is, the present invention is not limited to a specific form.
  • the light scattering structures are preferably array-distributed, for example, they may be raised or grooved structures distributed in an array, and the array distribution may be a matrix distribution, a concentric arc distribution, Concentric ring distribution, S-type distribution, etc.
  • the light source is preferably fixedly mounted relative to the light guiding element.
  • the light source, the light guiding element and the light reflecting element together can form a closed, stable component.
  • the navigation light of this embodiment includes a light source 3, a light guiding element 4, and a light reflecting element 5.
  • Light source 3 is used to generate light, in this embodiment two LEDs.
  • the light guiding element 4 is for conducting and emitting light. In this embodiment, it is a rectangular flat plate shape, and the two opposite surfaces having the largest area of the plate are the top surface and the bottom surface, respectively, and the other surfaces are side surfaces. The longer side of the side is the length direction and the shorter side is the width direction.
  • Light emitted from the two light sources 3 is incident into the light guiding element 4 from opposite sides of the light guiding element in the width direction, respectively.
  • the top surface of the light guiding element 4 serves as a light emitting surface.
  • the The bottom surface of the light guiding element is outward and the top is placed inward.
  • a plurality of honeycomb lenses 6 are disposed in the interior of the light guiding member near the bottom surface, and the lenses 6 are arranged in an array for scattering light emitted from the LEDs.
  • a light reflecting element 5 is disposed on the bottom surface of the light guiding element 4, that is, the light reflecting element 5 is disposed facing the bottom surface of the light guiding element.
  • the light guiding element 4 is made of a light transmissive material
  • the array of lenses 6 is formed inside the light transmissive material
  • the retroreflective element 5 is a reflective film plated on the bottom surface of the light guiding element 4.
  • the light emitted from the LED as the light source 3 is incident on the light guiding element 4 from the side surface, is scattered by the array-arranged lens, and is emitted from the top surface of the light guiding element 4 by reflection of the light reflecting film as the light reflecting element 5, thereby realizing The effect of uniform light output.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the assembled structure of the navigation light of the unmanned aerial vehicle of the above embodiment.
  • the light source 3 is fixedly mounted with respect to the light guiding element 4, and the light reflecting element 5 is attached to the back surface of the light guiding element 4, so that the light source 3, the light guiding element 4 and the light reflecting element 5 together constitute a closed member.
  • the present invention can also adopt other assembly methods such that the positions of the light source 4, the light guiding element 4 and the light reflecting element 5 are relatively fixed, for example, disposed in a casing or the like.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 are front elevational views of one embodiment of an unmanned aerial vehicle having a navigation light of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a rear view of the UAV.
  • the UAV includes a fuselage 10 and a plurality of arms connected to the fuselage for carrying a rotor assembly, the plurality of arms including the front arm 11 and the rear arm 12 .
  • an image sensor 13 is further provided at the front of the body.
  • a navigation light can be mounted on the front arm as the headlight 15.
  • a navigation light is also mounted at the tail of the fuselage 1 as the taillight 16 of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • the headlight 15 is mounted on the motor mount 14 of the arm, but this embodiment is only an example, in addition to which the navigation light can be mounted at various other locations in the UAV.
  • the headlights 15 and taillights 16 mounted on the drone can identify the orientation or operating state of the drone, thereby enabling the user to identify the orientation or state of the drone at night or in a dimly lit environment. Precise control of the drone.
  • the exit direction of the headlight is compared to the cross of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
  • the roller direction is tilted.
  • the front arm 14 is disposed obliquely with respect to the roll axis direction of the UAV.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Navigation (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)

Abstract

一种无人飞行器的航行灯，包括用于产生光的光源(3)、导光元件(4)和反光元件(5)。导光元件(4)包括底面、与所述底面相对设置的顶面，以及位于所述顶面和底面之间的侧面，侧面为入光面，用于接收光源(3)产生的光。顶面为出光面。反光元件(5)面对导光元件(4)的底面设置，用于对从导光元件(4)的底面的出射光进行反射，使反射光从该导光元件(4)的出光面出射。该航行灯可以装配在无人飞行器上，具有结构紧凑且出光均匀的优点。

Description

无人飞行器的航行灯和无人飞行器
版权申明
本专利文件披露的内容包含受版权保护的材料。该版权为版权所有人所有。版权所有人不反对任何人复制专利与商标局的官方记录和档案中所存在的该专利文件或者专利披露。
技术领域
本发明属于无人飞行器技术领域，具体涉及一种无人飞行器的航行灯及装配有航行灯的无人飞行器。
背景技术
无人机是可以按照预定程序自动飞行的飞行器。但在某些情况下仍需要地面的使用者手动控制其飞行。但是，在夜间，使用者很难在黑暗中观察到无人机的朝向。因此在夜间使用无人机的时候，需要借助夜间的指示装置来帮助使用者判断无人机的朝向。
此外，在夜间使用无人机时，用户也很难在注意到无人机的运行状态是否正常。因此，也需要夜间的指示装置来确认无人机的运行状态。
现有技术中已采用专为无人机设计的航行灯来作为夜间的指示装置。图1示出了一种现有的航行灯的一般结构。如图1所示，该航行灯包括LED 1和灯罩2，通过设置LED 1与灯罩2之间的距离，使得LED 1发出的光能够照射到灯罩2的整个出光面范围，从而实现均匀出光的效果。当出光面的面积较大时，则需要大的LED，或者将LED置于出光面的焦点位置附近，由此，需要较大的空间才能实现预期的出光效果。
然而，受到无人机空间的限制，LED离灯罩的距离往往不能太大，如果采用现有的结构，LED发出的光不能均匀地照射到光罩的出光面上，从而导致航行灯出光不均匀，例如，灯罩的中间部分较亮而边缘部分较暗。因此，需要设计一种结构紧凑并出光均匀的航行灯来满足无人机等无人飞行器的使用要求。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决现有的用于无人飞行器的航行灯的结构占用空间较大的缺点。
本发明一种无人飞行器的航行灯，包括：光源，用于产生光；导光元件，包括底面、与所述底面相对设置的顶面、以及位于所述顶面和底面之间的侧面；所述侧面为入光面，用于接收所述光源产生的光；所述顶面为出光面；以及反光元件，面对所述导光元件的底面设置，用于对从所述导光元件的底面的出射光进行反射，使反射光从该导光元件的所述出光面出射。
本发明还提出一种包括上述航行灯的无人飞行器。
本发明的航行灯具有结构紧凑、出光均匀的优点，从而更加适于对于空间结构设计要求较高的无人飞行器的使用。
附图说明
图1是现有的航行灯的结构示意图；
图2是本发明的一个实施例的用于无人飞行器的航行灯的分解结构示意图；
图3是本发明的一个实施例的用于无人飞行器的航行灯的组装结构示意图；
图4是本发明的具有航行灯的无人飞行器的一个实施例的正面图；
图5是本发明的具有航行灯的无人飞行器的一个实施例的背面图。
具体实施方式
总的来说，本发明提出一种用于无人飞行器的航行灯，该航行灯主要可用于夜间飞行时标示无人飞行器的朝向，或者说是机头或机尾的朝向。此外，航行灯还可能用于标示无人飞行器的其他运行状态，例如可标示其整体是否运行正常，或者标示某个部件(例如某个螺旋桨)是否 运行正常等。
下面在具体描述本发明的方案时，尽管是采用无人飞行器为例来进行说明，但本发明的航行灯并不限于该领域，任何通过有线、无线等方式远程控制的装置均可合理地利用本发明，例如无人驾驶汽车、船舶等无人驾驶的交通工具，以及需要遥控操作的机械臂、机器人等。
本发明的航行灯包括光源、导光元件。光源用于产生光，其可以是一个，也可以多于一个，本发明不限于光源的数量。导光元件用于传导及出射光，其包括底面和顶面，以及位于所述顶面和底面之间的侧面，顶面与所述底面相对设置。导光元件通常可以是扁平的板状，该板状的面积最大的两个相对的表面分别为所述出光面以及底面，其他面均为侧面。
本发明将导光元件的侧面作为入光面，用于接收光源产生的光。导光元件的顶面作为出光面。可见，本发明使用导光元件代替了常规的光罩作为出射光的部件，并且改变了常规的光源正面入射方式，而采用光源侧面入射方式。这样的优势在于，光源不必距离出光面一定的距离，这样，使得整个航行灯的结构不必设计得很厚，节省了空间，更适合在无人飞行器等结构设计空间较小的装置上使用。导光元件作为光传导的媒介，其通常由对于可见光具有良好的透光率的材料构成，例如无色透明的玻璃、树脂、水晶等，但在某些应用中也可以具有特定的颜色，例如采用有色玻璃等以使其发出特定颜色的光。
为了使从导光元件的侧面入射的光能够出其正面出射，本发明在航行灯中增设了反光元件，并且使反光元件面对导光元件的底面设置。由此，反光元件能够对从导光元件的底面的出射的光进行反射，反射的光从该导光元件的顶面，即出光面出射。由于增设了反光元件，增加了从导光元件的出光面出射的光的强度，因此能够增加航行灯的发光亮度，提高其被辩识的能力。反光元件可以是反光膜、反光板等任何具有光反射能力的元件。本发明不限制反光元件与导光元件的连接方式及距离。例如，反光元件可以是贴附于所述底面的反光膜、反光板等；或者，反光元件直接形成于导光元件的底面，例如通过电镀反光材料(例如银) 于导光元件的底面；或者，反光元件与所述导光元件的底面相对间隔设置，即相隔一定的距离设置。
为了增加出光的均匀性，本发明优选地在导光元件的内部设置光散射结构，光散射结构的作用在于将入射至其内部或/及表面的光进行散射，从而使从侧面入射的光被散射后实现均匀化。光散射结构最好位于导光元件的底面或者所述入光面，以达到更好的散射效果。
光散射结构即可以是导光元件自身的结构，也可以是嵌入导光元件的独立结构。本发明不限于其如何形成于导光元件中。从其形态来说，只要其能够对光进行散射作用，均可以适用于本发明，即本发明不限于具体的形态。但是，为了达到更理想的光的均匀化，光散射结构最好是阵列分布的，例如，其可以是阵列分布的凸起结构或凹槽结构，阵列分布可以是矩阵分布、同心弧形分布、同心环形分布、S型分布等等。
此外，为了使整个航行灯具有稳固的结构，所述光源优选为相对所述导光元件固定装配。光源、导光元件和反光元件共同可以构成一个封闭的、稳固的构件。
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，以下结合具体实施例，对本发明作进一步的详细说明。以下的实施例是以用于无人飞行器的航行灯作为特例来进行说明的，这并不表示本发明不能应用于其他领域。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，本领域的技术人员可以对下述实施例中的技术特下进行修改、等同替换和改进等，这些修改、等同替换和改进均应视为本发明的等同实施方式。
图2是本发明的一个实施例的用于无人飞行器的航行灯的分解结构示意图。如图2所示，该实施例的航行灯包括光源3、导光元件4和反光元件5。光源3用于产生光，在该实施例中为两个LED。导光元件4用于传导及出射光，在该实施例中，其为长方形的扁平的板状，板状的面积最大的两个相对的表面分别为顶面和底面，其他面均为侧面。侧面中较长的一侧为长度方向、较短的一侧为宽度方向。两个光源3发出的光分别从导光元件的位于宽度方向两个相对的侧面入射到该导光元件4中。导光元件4的顶面作为出光面。在该图2中，为便于显示底面，该 导光元件的底面向外而顶面向内放置。
再参见图2，导光元件靠近底面的内部设有多个蜂窝状的透镜6，这些透镜6按阵列排布，用于对LED发出的光进行散射。而且，在导光元件4的相对于底面设置有反光元件5，即反光元件5面对导光元件的底面设置。在该实施例中，导光元件4由透光材料制成，阵列排布的透镜6形成于该透光材料内部，反光元件5则是一层镀在导光元件4的底面的反光膜。LED作为光源3发出的光从侧面入射到导光元件4中，经阵列式排布的透镜的散射，并经由作为反光元件5的反光膜的反射，从导光元件4的顶面出射，实现了均匀出光的效果。
图3是上述实施例的无人飞行器的航行灯的组装结构示意图。如图所示，光源3相对于导光元件4固定装配，反光元件5附着于导光元件4的背面，从而使所述光源3、导光元件4和反光元件5共同构成一个封闭的构件。当然，本发明还可以采用其他的装配方式，以使得光源4、导光元件4和反光元件5三者的位置相对固定，例如设置在一个壳体内等。
图4是本发明的具有航行灯的无人飞行器的一个实施例的正面图。图5是该无人飞行器的背面图。如图4和图5所示，无人飞行器包括机身10和多个机臂，机臂与机身连接用于承载旋翼组件，所述多个机臂包括前机臂11以及后机臂12。该实施例中，所述机身的前部还设有图像传感器13。
如图4所示，航行灯可以安装在所述前机臂上，作为机头灯15。如图5所示，航行灯也安装在所述机身1的尾部，为所述无人飞行器的机尾灯16。在该实施例中，机头灯15安装在所述机臂的电机安装座14上，但该实施例只是一种示例，除此之外，航行灯还可以安装在无人飞行器其他各个位置，例如机臂上，或者无人飞行器的桨保护罩上，或者无人飞行器的脚架上等。安装于无人机的机头灯15和机尾灯16可以标识无人机的朝向或运行状态，从而使用户能够在夜间或光线较暗的环境中辩识无人机的朝向或状态，从而实现对无人机的精确操控。
在该实施例中，所述机头灯的出射方向相较于所述无人飞行器的横 滚轴方向倾斜设置。在所述无人飞行器处于起飞状态时，所述前机臂14相较于所述无人飞行器的横滚轴方向倾斜设置。
以上所述的具体实施例，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种无人飞行器的航行灯，包括：
    光源，用于产生光；
    导光元件，包括底面、与所述底面相对设置的顶面、以及位于所述顶面和底面之间的侧面；所述侧面为入光面，用于接收所述光源产生的光；所述顶面为出光面；以及
    反光元件，面对所述导光元件的底面设置，用于对从所述导光元件的底面的出射光进行反射，使反射光从该导光元件的所述出光面出射。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无人飞行器的航行灯，所述导光元件为扁平的板状，该板状的面积最大的两个相对的表面分别为所述出光面以及底面，其他面均为侧面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的无人飞行器的航行灯，所述光源为多个，分别面对所述导光元件的相对的所述侧面入射到该导光元件中。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的无人飞行器的航行灯，所述导光元件为长方形，所述光源具有两个，其发出的光分别从所述导光元件的位于宽度方向两个相对的侧面入射到该导光元件中。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的无人飞行器的航行灯，所述导光元件设有光散射结构，其用于将入射至其内部或/及表面的光进行散射。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的无人飞行器的航行灯，所述光散射结构位于所述导光元件的底面或者所述入光面。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的无人飞行器的航行灯，所述光散射结构嵌入所述导光元件内。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的无人飞行器的航行灯，所述光散射结构包括如下至少一种：阵列分布的凸起结构，阵列分布的凹槽结构。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的无人飞行器的航行灯，所述凸起结构为透镜。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的无人飞行器的航行灯，所述散射结构的阵列分布方式包括如下至少一种：矩阵分布，同心弧形分布，同心环形 分布，S型分布。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的无人飞行器的航行灯，所述反光元件包括如下至少一种：反光膜，反光板。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的无人飞行器的航行灯，所述反光元件贴附于所述底面；
    或者，所述反光元件直接形成于所述底面；
    或者，所述反光元件与所述导光元件的底面相对间隔设置。
  13. 根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的无人飞行器的航行灯，所述光源相对所述导光元件固定装配。
  14. 根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的无人飞行器的航行灯，所述光源、导光元件和反光元件共同构成一个封闭的构件。
  15. 根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的无人飞行器的航行灯，所述光源为LED。
  16. 根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的无人飞行器的航行灯，所述航标灯为无人飞行器的机尾灯或机头灯。
  17. 根据权利要求1至12中任一项所述的无人飞行器的航行灯，所述航标灯的安装位置包括如下至少一种：
    所述无人飞行器的机身的头部；
    所述无人飞行器的机身的尾部；
    所述无人飞行器的机臂；
    所述无人飞行器的桨保护罩；
    所述无人飞行器的脚架上。
  18. 一种无人飞行器，包括：
    机身；
    多个机臂，与所述机身连接，所述机臂用于承载旋翼组件；以及
    权利要求1至12中任一项所述的航行灯，安装在所述机身或机臂上，作为机头灯和/或机尾机。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的无人飞行器，所述多个机臂包括前机臂以及后机臂，所述航行灯安装在所述前机臂上，作为机头灯。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的无人飞行器，所述机头灯的出射方向相较于所述无人飞行器的横滚轴方向倾斜设置。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的无人飞行器，在所述无人飞行器处于起飞状态时，所述前机臂相较于所述无人飞行器的横滚轴方向倾斜设置。
  22. 根据权利要求19所述的无人飞行器，所述机身的机头部位设有图像传感器。
  23. 根据权利要求19所述的无人飞行器，所述机头灯安装在所述机臂的电机安装座。
  24. 根据权利要求18所述的无人飞行器，所述机身还包括脚架，所述航行灯安装在所述脚架上，作为机头灯。
PCT/CN2016/100319 2016-09-27 2016-09-27 无人飞行器的航行灯和无人飞行器 WO2018058297A1 (zh)

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