WO2018053990A1 - 变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物 - Google Patents

变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018053990A1
WO2018053990A1 PCT/CN2017/074134 CN2017074134W WO2018053990A1 WO 2018053990 A1 WO2018053990 A1 WO 2018053990A1 CN 2017074134 W CN2017074134 W CN 2017074134W WO 2018053990 A1 WO2018053990 A1 WO 2018053990A1
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Prior art keywords
nylon
fiber
lyocell
fabric
yarn
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PCT/CN2017/074134
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English (en)
French (fr)
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安彪
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上海谐好安全科技有限公司
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Priority to EP17852070.6A priority Critical patent/EP3480349B1/en
Publication of WO2018053990A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018053990A1/zh

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/443—Heat-resistant, fireproof or flame-retardant yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D13/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft
    • D03D13/008—Woven fabrics characterised by the special disposition of the warp or weft threads, e.g. with curved weft threads, with discontinuous warp threads, with diagonal warp or weft characterised by weave density or surface weight
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
    • D03D15/50—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads
    • D03D15/513—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used characterised by the properties of the yarns or threads heat-resistant or fireproof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
    • D10B2201/22—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres made from cellulose solutions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/20—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres
    • D10B2201/22—Cellulose-derived artificial fibres made from cellulose solutions
    • D10B2201/24—Viscose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide
    • D10B2321/101—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of unsaturated nitriles, e.g. polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene cyanide modacrylic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of labor protection in the chemical, electric power, mining, shipbuilding, metallurgy, textile and other industries, and in particular to a fabric suitable for providing flame retardancy.
  • the variegated acrylic fiber and the non-flame retardant cotton fiber can be mixed in a certain ratio to make the whole body of the mixture have permanent flame retardancy.
  • the continuous burning and smoldering of the fabric can be controlled to less than 2 seconds. , meet the requirements of the regulations.
  • the continuous combustion energy can be controlled within 2 seconds by the control of the fiber ratio and the gram weight, but it is difficult to control the smoldering within 5 seconds or 2 seconds.
  • the modified acrylic fiber is flame retardant, it blocks the contact between oxygen and non-flame retardant fiber, slows down the combustion of non-flame retardant fiber. After removing the fire source, some non-flame retardant fiber may have a smoldering time of more than 2 seconds or carbonization due to heat preservation.
  • the effect continues to maintain a red-light state, which is counted as a smoldering time because it is easily confused with the smoldering state, and is unfavorable for determining the flame retardancy of the fabric.
  • the conventional method is to add expensive phosphorus-based flame-retardant viscose 20% to 30% or post-process flame-retardant processing of the fabric, and the cost of the fabric is relatively high.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a denatured acrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame-retardant fabric.
  • Modified acrylonitrile lyocell fiber nylon blended flame retardant fabric the yarn in the flame retardant fabric contains variable acrylic fiber, lyocell fiber and nylon fiber, and the yarn quality ratio is:
  • Lyocell fiber 20% to 52%
  • Nylon 5% to 15%.
  • the variegated acrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame-retardant fabric of the invention wherein the mass ratio of the acryl fiber, the lyocell fiber and the nylon fiber to the fabric is:
  • Lyocell fiber 20% to 52%
  • Nylon 5% to 15%.
  • the variegated acrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame-retardant fabric of the invention has a gram weight of 185-338 grams per square meter.
  • the variegated acrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame-retardant fabric of the invention is vertically ignited according to GB/T 5455-2014 In the burning test, the smoldering time is not higher than 5 seconds.
  • variegated acrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame-retardant fabric of the present invention is subjected to a vertical burning test according to GB/T 5455-2014, and the smoldering time is not higher than 2 seconds.
  • the variegated acrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame-retardant fabric of the present invention is subjected to a vertical burning test according to GB/T 5455-2014, and the after-burning time is not higher than 2 seconds.
  • the variegated acrylic lyocell nylon-blend flame-retardant fabric of the present invention has two yarns woven in the warp and weft directions every 5 mm at the same position in the woven fabric to form a rib of a square shape.
  • the modacrylic fiber is generally obtained by copolymerizing vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride with an acrylonitrile monomer, or both copolymerized with an acrylonitrile monomer, a copolymer having an acrylonitrile content of 35% to 85%, and a fiber obtained by spinning.
  • the fiber itself has natural flame retardant properties, and in order to further improve the flame retardancy of the fiber, a cerium oxide having a total mass ratio of fibers of 1% to 25% may be added.
  • the cerium oxide may be trivalent cerium oxide, tetravalent cerium oxide or pentavalent cerium oxide, or a mixture of two or three of them.
  • KANEKA's PROTEX-C type fibers were used in the examples and comparative examples.
  • the lyocell fibers used in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention are Austrian-made lysine Tencel fiber and Shanghai-made rioboard fiber.
  • the raw materials of Lysell fiber mainly include two types of wood pulp and bamboo pulp, and the cellulose fibers obtained by special physical methods rather than chemical methods.
  • the main circulating products in the market are TENCEL, which uses wood pulp raw materials from Lenzing, and Rio bamboo, which uses bamboo pulp from Shanghai Rio.
  • nylon fibers used in the present invention are commercially available nylon 6 or nylon 66 fibers.
  • the fabric of the present invention is an effective combination of modacrylic fiber, Lyocell fiber and nylon, so that the fabric can be controlled to be within 2 seconds under the test conditions of GB/T 5455;
  • the fabric of the present invention can control the smoldering within 2 or 5 seconds under the test conditions of GB/T 5455.
  • the fabric of the present invention does not use an expensive phosphorus-based flame-retardant viscose and does not require post-treatment flame retardancy, the cost of the fabric is relatively low.
  • modified acrylonitrile lyocell nylon blended flame-retardant fabric of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
  • Figure 1 is a basic organization diagram of a 2/1 right diagonal twill
  • Example 2 is a diagram showing the organization in Examples 1 to 8, Example 10, Comparative Examples 1 to 7, and Comparative Examples 10 to 11;
  • Figure 3 is a diagram showing the organization in Comparative Example 9 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a diagram showing the organization in the ninth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a diagram showing the organization in the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the organization in Embodiment 12 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a diagram showing the organization in Embodiment 13 of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a diagram showing the organization in Embodiment 14 of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a diagram showing the organization in Comparative Example 8.
  • a modacrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame retardant fabric consisting of the following mass percentages of fibers:
  • the above fabric has a square weight of 218 grams.
  • a modacrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame retardant fabric consisting of the following mass percentages of fibers:
  • the square gram weight of the above fabric is: 220 grams.
  • a modacrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame retardant fabric consisting of the following mass percentages of fibers:
  • the square gram weight of the above fabric is: 224 grams.
  • a modacrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame retardant fabric consisting of the following mass percentages of fibers:
  • the square gram weight of the above fabric is: 221 grams.
  • a modacrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame retardant fabric consisting of the following mass percentages of fibers:
  • the above fabric has a square weight of 219 grams.
  • a modacrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame retardant fabric consisting of the following mass percentages of fibers:
  • the square gram weight of the above fabric was: 217 grams.
  • a modacrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame retardant fabric consisting of the following mass percentages of fibers:
  • the square gram weight of the above fabric is: 220 grams.
  • a modacrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame retardant fabric consisting of the following mass percentages of fibers:
  • the above fabric has a square weight of 223 grams.
  • a modacrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame retardant fabric consisting of the following mass percentages of fibers:
  • the above fabric has a square weight of 185 grams.
  • a modacrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame retardant fabric consisting of the following mass percentages of fibers:
  • the square gram weight of the above fabric is: 203 grams.
  • a modacrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame retardant fabric consisting of the following mass percentages of fibers:
  • the square gram weight of the above fabric is: 237 grams.
  • a modacrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame retardant fabric consisting of the following mass percentages of fibers:
  • the square gram weight of the above fabric is: 281 grams.
  • a modacrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame retardant fabric consisting of the following mass percentages of fibers:
  • the square gram weight of the above fabric is: 315 grams.
  • a modacrylic lyocell fiber nylon blended flame retardant fabric consisting of the following mass percentages of fibers:
  • the square gram weight of the above fabric is: 338 grams.
  • Examples 1 to 14 are examples of the composition of the present invention, and all the compositions within the scope of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
  • Examples 1 to 8 36/2 double yarns, the organization chart is shown in Fig. 2.
  • the warp and weft density is 102/62.
  • Example 9 40/2 double yarn, the organization chart is shown in Fig. 4.
  • the warp and weft density is 90/62.
  • the organization chart is shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the warp and weft density is 102/62.
  • Example 11 32/2 double yarn, the organization chart is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the warp and weft density is 100/60. 20 warp yarns per 5 mm wide, wherein the 19th position is filled with 2 yarns; 12 yarns per 5 mm long weft yarn, wherein the K yarn is filled with 2 yarns.
  • Example 12 20/2 double yarn, the organization chart is shown in Fig. 6.
  • the warp and weft density is 68/46.
  • Example 13 10/1 single yarn, the organization chart is shown in FIG.
  • the warp and weft density is 80/46.
  • Example 14 8/1 single yarn, the organization chart is as shown in FIG.
  • the warp and weft density is 64/46. 13 warp yarns per 5 mm wide, wherein the 12th position is filled with 2 yarns; 10 yarns per 5 mm long weft yarn, wherein the first root position is filled with 2 yarns.
  • Fabric structure the interweaving of warp and weft.
  • the basic organization chart is the smallest way to cycle.
  • Figure 1 is a basic organization diagram of a 2/1 right twill.
  • 1 to 3 are 3 warp yarns
  • a to C are 3 weft yarns
  • the shaded portion indicates that the warp yarn is above the weft yarn
  • the non-shadow portion indicates that the weft yarn is above the warp yarn.
  • the right oblique direction indicates that the warp yarn is generally moved to the upper right corner.
  • Density, fabric warp yarn density, number of inches / inch, 1 inch 25.4 mm.
  • 102X62 indicates that the density is 102/1 inch; the weft density is 62/1 inch.
  • 10/1 (cotton single yarn) means that at a nominal moisture regain rate, a pound of cotton yarn has a length of 10 840 yards. It is a unit for measuring the thickness of a yarn. The larger the value, the finer the yarn. /1 indicates a single yarn that has not been plied.
  • 20/2 (cotton double yarn) means that under the official moisture regain rate, the cotton yarn weighing 1 pound has 20 840 yards in length. It is a unit for measuring the thickness of a yarn. The larger the value, the finer the yarn. /2 indicates a plied yarn of two single yarns.
  • 32/2 (cotton double yarn) means that under the official moisture regain rate, the cotton yarn weighing 1 pound has 32 840 yards in length. It is a unit for measuring the thickness of a yarn. The larger the value, the finer the yarn. /2 indicates a plied yarn of two single yarns.
  • 36/2 (cotton double yarn) indicates that under the official moisture regain rate, the cotton yarn weighing 1 pound has 36 840 yards in length. It is a unit for measuring the thickness of a yarn. The larger the value, the finer the yarn. /2 indicates a plied yarn of two single yarns.
  • 40/2 (cotton double yarn) means that under the official moisture regain rate, the cotton yarn weighing 1 pound has 40 840 yards in length. It is a unit for measuring the thickness of a yarn. The larger the value, the finer the yarn. /2 indicates a plied yarn of two single yarns.
  • 5mmX5mm 2 special ribs square design: every 5mm of warp and weft should be filled with 1 yarn, artificially filled with 2 yarns, so that the tear strength of the fabric will increase by 10-20%.
  • the square meter weight represents the weight of the fabric of 1 square meter. That is, the sum of the masses of warp and weft in the 1 square meter fabric is closely related to the warp and weft density.
  • a flame retardant fabric consisting of the following percentages of fiber:
  • the above fabric has a square weight of 223 grams.
  • a flame retardant fabric consisting of the following percentages of fiber:
  • the square gram weight of the above fabric is: 224 grams.
  • a flame retardant fabric consisting of the following percentages of fiber:
  • the square gram weight of the above fabric is: 221 grams.
  • a flame retardant fabric consisting of the following percentages of fiber:
  • the square gram weight of the above fabric is: 220 grams.
  • a flame retardant fabric consisting of the following percentages of fiber:
  • the above fabric has a square weight of 225 grams.
  • a flame retardant fabric consisting of the following percentages of fiber:
  • the above fabric has a square weight of 219 grams.
  • a flame retardant fabric consisting of the following percentages of fiber:
  • the above fabric has a square weight of 223 grams.
  • a flame retardant fabric consisting of the following percentages of fiber:
  • the square gram weight of the above fabric is: 354 grams.
  • a flame retardant fabric consisting of the following percentages of fiber:
  • the above fabric has a square weight of 175 grams.
  • a flame retardant fabric consisting of the following percentages of fiber:
  • the above fabric has a square weight of 222 grams.
  • a flame retardant fabric consisting of the following percentages of fiber:
  • the above fabric has a square weight of 219 grams.
  • Comparative Example 1 to 7 Comparative Example 10 to 11:36/2 double yarn
  • the organization chart is shown in Figure 2.
  • the warp and weft density is 102/62.
  • the comparative example 8:8/1 single yarn the organization chart is shown in Figure 9.
  • the warp and weft density is 70/46.
  • the comparative example 9:40/2 double yarn the organization chart is shown in Figure 3.
  • the warp and weft density is 84/62.
  • Inventive Examples 1 to 14 and Comparative Examples 1 to 11 were subjected to a vertical burning test in accordance with GB/T 5455-2014, and the afterburning and smoldering time were measured.
  • Table 1 shows the afterburning time and smoldering time obtained from the test.
  • All embodiments can control the afterburning within 2 seconds
  • the mixture of modacrylic fiber and cotton has a relatively long smoldering time compared with the mixture of modacrylic fiber and lyocell fiber, as shown in Table 10, and after adding 10% nylon, it is still unable to control within 5 seconds.
  • the sensitized acrylic fiber, the lyocell fiber, and the nylon are mixed together and the allowable range of the present specification is met, the smoldering can be controlled within 5 seconds or 2 seconds. As shown in Table 11.
  • raw material cost increase cost [ ⁇ phosphorus-containing flame retardant viscose (fiber unit price X fiber ratio) - ⁇ no phosphorus-based flame retardant viscose (fiber unit price X fiber ratio)] X fabric square gram weight / 1000;
  • Raw material increase cost raw material increase cost / raw material cost before using flame retardant viscose X100%.
  • the raw material cost will not increase, but the processing cost will be correspondingly increased, and at the same time, when the post-treatment flame retardant, the color of the fabric will be If there is a certain change, the physical property table will also decrease to a certain extent, and it will also bring about health and sanitation problems such as formaldehyde.
  • the conventional post-treatment flame-retardant processing fee is 6 yuan / metre, even if the processing cost is 4 yuan / meter, the processing cost will be greatly improved, the specific values are shown in Table 14.
  • Increase processing cost increase in processing cost / post-treatment cost of raw materials X100% before flame retardant processing.
  • the fabric of the present invention is made by an effective combination of modacrylic, Lyocell, and nylon.
  • the modacrylic fiber is generally obtained by copolymerizing vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride with an acrylonitrile monomer, or both copolymerized with an acrylonitrile monomer, a copolymer having an acrylonitrile content of 35% to 85%, and a fiber obtained by spinning.
  • the fiber itself has natural flame retardant properties, and in order to further improve the flame retardancy of the fiber, a cerium oxide having a total mass ratio of fibers of 1% to 25% may be added.
  • the raw materials of Lysell fiber mainly include two types of wood pulp and bamboo pulp, and the cellulose fibers obtained by special physical methods rather than chemical methods.
  • the nylon fibers used in the present invention are conventional nylon 6 or nylon 66 fibers.
  • the fabric of the invention can control the after-burning within 2 seconds under the test conditions of GB/T 5455, and can control the smoldering within 2 seconds or 5 seconds under the test conditions of GB/T 5455.
  • the fabric of the present invention is relatively inexpensive because it does not use an expensive phosphorus-based flame retardant adhesive and does not require post-treatment flame retardancy. It can be seen that the fabric provided by the invention has remarkable flame retarding effect and good industrial applicability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物。该阻燃织物中的纱线含有变性腈纶、莱赛尔纤维、尼龙3种纤维，各占纱线质量比为：变性腈纶：40％～70％；莱赛尔纤维：20％～52％；尼龙：5％～15％。所述织物是通过变性腈纶、莱赛尔纤维、尼龙的有效配合，可保证织物在GB/T 5455试验条件下均能将续燃时间控制不高于2秒，阴燃时间控制不高于2秒或5秒。

Description

变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物 技术领域
本发明涉及化工、电力、矿山、造船、冶金、纺织等行业的劳动防护领域，特别是涉及一种适用于提供阻燃性的织物。
背景技术
变性腈纶和非阻燃的棉纤维按照一定比率混合后能让混合体的整体具有永久的阻燃性，采用ISO15025标准在织物侧面点火时，织物的续燃和阴燃均能控制到2秒以下，满足规定的要求。
但是，如果采用GB/T 5455织物垂直点火的测试方法，通过纤维比例和克重的控制，续燃能控制在2秒以内，但很难将阴燃控制在5秒或2秒以内。因为变性腈纶属于气相阻燃，阻隔氧气与非阻燃纤维的接触，减缓非阻燃纤维的燃烧，移开火源后可能出现部分非阻燃纤维阴燃时间超过2秒或出现碳化部分因保温效应持续维持红亮状态，因易与阴燃状态混淆而被计入阴燃时间，对织物阻燃性的判定不利。为了把阴燃控制在2秒以内，常规的办法是加入昂贵的磷系阻燃粘胶20％～30％或将织物进行后处理阻燃加工，织物的成本相对较高。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物。
变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，其阻燃织物中的纱线含有变性腈纶、莱赛尔纤维、尼龙3种纤维，各占纱线质量比为：
变性腈纶：40％～70％；
莱赛尔纤维：20％～52％；
尼龙：5％～15％。
本发明所述的变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，其中变性腈纶、莱赛尔纤维、尼龙3种纤维占织物的质量比为：
变性腈纶：40％～70％；
莱赛尔纤维：20％～52％；
尼龙：5％～15％。
本发明所述的变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，其每平方米克重为185～338克。
本发明所述的变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，按照GB/T 5455-2014进行垂直燃 烧试验，阴燃时间不高于5秒。
进一步，本发明所述的变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，按照GB/T 5455-2014进行垂直燃烧试验，阴燃时间不高于2秒。
本发明所述的变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，按照GB/T 5455-2014进行垂直燃烧试验，续燃时间不高于2秒。
本发明所述的变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，其经纬向每隔5毫米，在织物组织中的同一位置各织入2根纱线，形成方格形状的加强筋。
变性腈纶一般由氯乙烯或偏氯乙烯与丙烯腈单体进行共聚，或两者同时与丙烯腈单体进行共聚，丙烯腈含量35％～85％的共聚物，通过纺丝得到的纤维。该纤维本身具有天生的阻燃性能，为了进一步提高该纤维的阻燃性能，可以加入纤维总质量比1％～25％的锑氧化物。锑氧化物可以是三价氧化锑、四价氧化锑或五价氧化锑、或其中二者或三者的混合物。在实施例和对比例中使用KANEKA公司的PROTEX-C型纤维。
本发明实施例和对比例使用的莱塞尔纤维为奥地利产兰精天丝纤维和上海产里奥竹纤维。莱塞尔纤维原料主要有木浆和竹浆两大类，通过特殊的物理方法而非化学方法纺丝得到的纤维素纤维。市面上流通的主要有兰精公司的采用木浆原料的天丝(TENCEL)和上海里奥公司的采用竹浆的里奥竹纤维。
本发明所用尼龙纤维是市面上常规的尼龙6或尼龙66纤维。
本发明提供的变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物与现有技术不同之处在于：
(1)本发明的织物是通过变性腈纶、莱塞尔(Lyocell)纤维、尼龙的有效配合，让织物在GB/T 5455试验条件下均能将续燃控制在2秒以内；
(2)本发明的织物在GB/T 5455试验条件下可将阴燃控制在2秒或5秒以内。
(3)本发明的织物因为没有使用昂贵的磷系阻燃粘胶，也不用进行后处理阻燃，织物的成本相对较低。
下面结合附图说明和具体实施例对本发明所述的变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物作进一步说明。
附图说明
图1为2/1右斜斜纹的基本组织图；
图2为本发明实施例1～8、实施例10、对比例1～7、对比例10～11中的组织图；
图3为本发明对比例9中的组织图；
图4为本发明实施例9中的组织图；
图5为本发明实施例11中的组织图；
图6为本发明实施例12中的组织图；
图7为本发明实施例13中的组织图；
图8为本发明实施例14中的组织图；
图9为本发明对比例8中的组织图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：70％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：20％；
尼龙6(1.67X38)：10％。
上述织物的平方米克重为：218克。
实施例2
一种变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：70％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：20％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：10％。
上述织物的平方米克重为：220克。
实施例3
一种变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：70％；
里奥竹(1.67X38)：20％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：10％。
上述织物的平方米克重为：224克。
实施例4
一种变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：65％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：20％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：15％。
上述织物的平方米克重为：221克。
实施例5
一种变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：60％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：35％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：5％。
上述织物的平方米克重为：219克。
实施例6
一种变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：55％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：35％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：10％。
上述织物的平方米克重为：217克。
实施例7
一种变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：50％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：30％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：10％；
聚酰亚胺(2.2X51)：10％。
上述织物的平方米克重为：220克。
实施例8
一种变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：40％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：52％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：8％。
上述织物的平方米克重为：223克。
实施例9
一种变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：55％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：35％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：10％。
上述织物的平方米克重为：185克。
实施例10
一种变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：55％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：35％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：10％。
上述织物的平方米克重为：203克。
实施例11
一种变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：55％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：35％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：10％。
上述织物的平方米克重为：237克。
实施例12
一种变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：55％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：35％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：10％。
上述织物的平方米克重为：281克。
实施例13
一种变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：55％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：35％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：10％。
上述织物的平方米克重为：315克。
实施例14
一种变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：55％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：35％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：10％。
上述织物的平方米克重为：338克。
实施例1～14为本发明的组成的举例，所有在本发明范围内的各种组成均在本发明的保护范围之内。
其中实施例1～8：36/2双纱，组织图如图2所示。经纬密为102/62。每5mm宽经纱21根，其中第20根位置填入2根纱线；每5mm长纬纱13根，其中第L根位置填入2根纱线。
其中实施例9：40/2双纱，组织图如图4所示。经纬密为90/62。每5mm宽经纱18根，其中第17根位置填入2根纱线；每5mm长纬纱13根，其中第L根位置填入2根纱线。
其中实施例10：40/2双纱，组织图如图2所示。经纬密为102/62。每5mm宽经纱21根，其中第20根位置填入2根纱线；每5mm长纬纱13根，其中第L根位置填入2根纱线。
其中实施例11：32/2双纱，组织图如图5所示。经纬密为100/60。每5mm宽经纱20根，其中第19根位置填入2根纱线；每5mm长纬纱12根，其中第K根位置填入2根纱线。
其中实施例12：20/2双纱，组织图如图6所示。经纬密为68/46。每5mm宽经纱14根，其中第13根位置填入2根纱线；每5mm长纬纱10根，其中第I根位置填入2根纱线。
其中实施例13：10/1单纱，组织图如图7所示。经纬密为80/46。每5mm宽经纱16根，其中第15根位置填入2根纱线；每5mm长纬纱10根，其中第I根位置填入2根纱线。
其中实施例14：8/1单纱，组织图如图8所示。经纬密为64/46。每5mm宽经纱13根，其中第12根位置填入2根纱线；每5mm长纬纱10根，其中第I根位置填入2根纱线。
注：
织物组织：经纱和纬纱的交织方式。
基本组织图为最小的循环方式。
2/1右斜斜纹，是机织物的普通组织之一。
图1为2/1右斜纹基本组织图。1～3为3根经纱，A～C为3根纬纱，阴影部分表示经纱在纬纱上面，非阴影处表示纬纱在经纱上面。右斜表示经纱在上整体向右上角推移。
经密，织物经向纱线密度，根数/英寸，1英寸＝25.4mm。
纬密，织物纬向纱线密度，根数/英寸，1英寸＝25.4mm。
102X62表示经密为102根/1英寸；纬密为62根/1英寸。
8/1(棉支单纱)表示在公定回潮率下，1英镑重的棉纱有18个840码的长度。是衡量纱线粗细的单位。数值越大，纱线越细。/1表示是一根单纱，未曾合股。
10/1(棉支单纱)表示在公定回潮率下，1英镑重的棉纱有10个840码的长度。是衡量纱线粗细的单位。数值越大，纱线越细。/1表示是一根单纱，未曾合股。
20/2(棉支双纱)表示在公定回潮率下，1英镑重的棉纱有20个840码的长度。是衡量纱线粗细的单位。数值越大，纱线越细。/2表示是两根单纱的合股纱。
32/2(棉支双纱)表示在公定回潮率下，1英镑重的棉纱有32个840码的长度。是衡量纱线粗细的单位。数值越大，纱线越细。/2表示是两根单纱的合股纱。
36/2(棉支双纱)表示在公定回潮率下，1英镑重的棉纱有36个840码的长度。是衡量纱线粗细的单位。数值越大，纱线越细。/2表示是两根单纱的合股纱。
40/2(棉支双纱)表示在公定回潮率下，1英镑重的棉纱有40个840码的长度。是衡量纱线粗细的单位。数值越大，纱线越细。/2表示是两根单纱的合股纱。
1.7X38表示纤维的细度为1.7分特，长度为38mm。10分特＝1特克斯。1特克斯表示，1000米的纤维质量为1克重。数值越大纤维越粗。
5mmX5mm 2根的特殊加强筋方格设计：经纬每隔5mm本应填入1根纱线的地方，人为填入2根纱线，使织物的撕破强力会提高10～20％。
平方米克重表示织物1平方米的重量。即1平方米织物内经纱和纬纱的质量之和，与经密和纬密密切相关。
为了更加突出本发明的有益效果，进行了对比试验：
对比例1
一种阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：55％；
棉：45％。
上述织物的平方米克重为：223克。
对比例2
一种阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：55％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：45％。
上述织物的平方米克重为：224克。
对比例3
一种阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：55％；
里奥竹(1.67x38)：45％。
上述织物的平方米克重为：221克。
对比例4
一种阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：55％；
棉：35％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：10％
上述织物的平方米克重为：220克。
对比例5
一种阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：55％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：25％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：20％
上述织物的平方米克重为：225克。
对比例6
一种阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：55％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：20％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：25％
上述织物的平方米克重为：219克。
对比例7
一种阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：50％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：40％；
聚酰亚胺(2.2X51)：10％
上述织物的平方米克重为：223克。
对比例8
一种阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：55％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：35％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：10％
上述织物的平方米克重为：354克。
对比例9
一种阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：55％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：35％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：10％
上述织物的平方米克重为：175克。
对比例10
一种阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：75％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：15％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：10％
上述织物的平方米克重为：222克。
对比例11
一种阻燃织物，由如下质量百分比的纤维组成：
变性腈纶(1.7X38)：75％；
兰精天丝(1.5X38)：10％；
尼龙66(1.67X38)：15％
上述织物的平方米克重为：219克。
其中对比例1～7、对比例10～11：36/2双纱，组织图如图2所示。经纬密为102/62。每5mm宽经纱21根，其中第20根位置填入2根纱线；每5mm长纬纱13根，其中第L根位置填入2根纱线。
其中对比例8：8/1单纱，组织图如图9所示。经纬密为70/46。每5mm宽经纱14根，其中第13根位置填入2根纱线；每5mm长纬纱10根，其中第I根位置填入2根纱线。
其中对比例9：40/2双纱，组织图如图3所示。经纬密为84/62。每5mm宽经纱17根，其中第16根位置填入2根纱线；每5mm长纬纱13根，其中第L根位置填入2根纱线。
本发明实施例1～14与对比例1～11均按照GB/T 5455-2014进行垂直燃烧试验，测定续燃和阴燃时间。
表1为测试所得的续燃时间和阴燃时间。
表1续燃时间和阴燃时间
Figure PCTCN2017074134-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2017074134-appb-000002
由以上实验结果，可以得出以下结论：
(1)所有的实施例均能将续燃控制在2秒以内；
(2)无论实施例或对比例，均不能将阴燃控制为0秒；
(3)变性腈纶和莱赛尔纤维混纺的阻燃织物阴燃很明显，达5秒以上。加入10％聚酰亚胺，阴燃没有明显变化，超过5秒。如表2所示。
表2
Figure PCTCN2017074134-appb-000003
(4)在保证织物不被烧通、不出现熔融或熔滴的情况下，在变性腈纶和莱赛尔纤维中加入适当比例的尼龙，阴燃明显缩短，可以控制在5秒或2秒以内。如表3所示。
表3
Figure PCTCN2017074134-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2017074134-appb-000005
(4)变性腈纶的比率越高，阴燃时间有变长的趋势。如表4所示。
表4
Figure PCTCN2017074134-appb-000006
(5)织物的平方米克重越大，阴燃时间有相对越长的趋势。如表5所示。
表5
Figure PCTCN2017074134-appb-000007
(6)织物的平方米克重低于185时，织物在燃烧试验时出现烧通，判定为不阻燃。如表6所示。
表6
Figure PCTCN2017074134-appb-000008
(7)织物的平方米克重高于338时，织物在燃烧试验时的阴燃超过5秒。如表7所示。
表7
Figure PCTCN2017074134-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2017074134-appb-000010
(8)在少量存在聚酰亚胺纤维的情况下，在变性腈纶和莱赛尔纤维中加入尼龙，对控制阴燃仍然有利。如表8所示。
表8
Figure PCTCN2017074134-appb-000011
(9)尼龙含量超过15％，织物在燃烧试验时出现熔融或熔滴，被判定为不阻燃。如表9所示。
表9
Figure PCTCN2017074134-appb-000012
(10)变性腈纶与棉的混合比变性腈纶与莱赛尔纤维的混合的阴燃时间相对长，如表10所示，且加入10％尼龙后，仍然无法控制到5秒以内。在本发明中，变性腈纶、莱赛尔纤维和尼龙三者同混合，且符合本范明的允许范围时，才可以将阴燃控制在5秒或2秒以内。如表11所示。
表10
Figure PCTCN2017074134-appb-000013
表11
Figure PCTCN2017074134-appb-000014
如果采用常规的设计，加入兰精公司的磷系阻燃粘胶15％，减少兰精天丝或里奥竹15％来控制阴燃，原料成本将相对上升。表12为市面上的常规价格。
表12
纤维名称 规格 纤维单价元/kg
变性腈纶 1.7X38 65
兰精磷系阻燃粘胶 1.5X38 105
兰精天丝 1.5X38 22
里奥竹 1.67x38 45
尼龙6 1.67X38 25
尼龙66 1.67X38 30
聚酰亚胺 2.2X51 205
按照常规纤维到织物损耗20％进行计算，使用阻燃粘胶控制阴燃，增加成本的情况如表13。
表13
Figure PCTCN2017074134-appb-000015
注：原料成本增加成本＝[∑含磷系阻燃粘胶(纤维单价X纤维比例)-∑不含磷系阻燃粘胶(纤维单价X纤维比例)]X织物平方米克重/1000；原料增加成本＝原料增加成本/使用阻燃粘胶前原料成本X100％。
从上表可以看出使用常规的加磷系粘胶的方案，原料成本会上升15.65％～31.25％，使用本发明技术方案的成本相对较低。
如果不使用加磷系阻燃粘胶的方案，而通过追加后处理阻燃的方式降低阴燃，原料成本不会提高，但加工成本会相应提高，同时后处理阻燃时，织物的颜色会有一定变化，物理性质表也会一定程度下降，还会带来甲醛等健康卫生、环保方面的问题。常规后处理阻燃加工费为6元/每米，即使按自家加工成本4元/米计算，加工成本会大幅度提高，具体数值如表14。
表14
Figure PCTCN2017074134-appb-000016
注：增加加工成本＝加工成本增加/后处理阻燃加工前原料成本X100％。
相对于后处理阻燃加工前的原料成本，加工成本增加了21.23％～31.58％。同样可以证明本发明的方案有较好的经济性。
以上所述的实施例仅仅是对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述，并非对本发明的范围进行限定，在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下，本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案作出的各种变形和改进，均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。
工业实用性
本发明的织物是通过变性腈纶、莱塞尔(Lyocell)纤维、尼龙的有效配合而制成。变性腈纶一般由氯乙烯或偏氯乙烯与丙烯腈单体进行共聚，或两者同时与丙烯腈单体进行共聚，丙烯腈含量35％～85％的共聚物，通过纺丝得到的纤维。该纤维本身具有天生的阻燃性能，为了进一步提高该纤维的阻燃性能，可以加入纤维总质量比1％～25％的锑氧化物。莱塞尔纤维原料主要有木浆和竹浆两大类，通过特殊的物理方法而非化学方法纺丝得到的纤维素纤维。本发明所用的尼龙纤维是常规的尼龙6或尼龙66纤维。本发明的织物在GB/T 5455试验条件下能将续燃控制在2秒以内，在GB/T 5455试验条件下可将阴燃控制在2秒或5秒以内。本发明的织物因为没有使用昂贵的磷系阻燃粘胶，也不用进行后处理阻燃，织物的成本相对较低。由此可见，本发明提供的织物阻燃效果显著，具有良好的工业实用性。

Claims (7)

  1. 变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，其特征在于：织物中的纱线含有变性腈纶、莱赛尔纤维、尼龙3种纤维，各占纱线质量比为：
    变性腈纶：40％～70％；
    莱赛尔纤维：20％～52％；
    尼龙：5％～15％。
  2. 根据权利要求1中所述的变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，其特征在于：织物中变性腈纶、莱赛尔纤维、尼龙3种纤维占织物的质量比为：
    变性腈纶：40％～70％；
    莱赛尔纤维：20％～52％；
    尼龙：5％～15％。
  3. 根据权利要求2中所述的变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，其特征在于：每平方米克重为185～338克。
  4. 根据权利要求3中所述的变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，其特征在于：按照GB/T 5455-2014进行垂直燃烧试验，阴燃时间不高于5秒。
  5. 根据权利要求3中所述的变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，其特征在于：按照GB/T 5455-2014进行垂直燃烧试验，阴燃时间不高于2秒。
  6. 根据权利要求3中所述的变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，其特征在于：按照GB/T 5455-2014进行垂直燃烧试验，续燃时间不高于2秒。
  7. 根据权利要求4中所述的变性腈纶莱赛尔纤维尼龙混纺阻燃织物，其特征在于：经纬向每隔5毫米，在织物组织中的同一位置各织入2根纱线，形成方格形状的加强筋。
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