WO2018050088A1 - 提高数据赋形增益方法及装置、基站、通信系统 - Google Patents

提高数据赋形增益方法及装置、基站、通信系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018050088A1
WO2018050088A1 PCT/CN2017/101727 CN2017101727W WO2018050088A1 WO 2018050088 A1 WO2018050088 A1 WO 2018050088A1 CN 2017101727 W CN2017101727 W CN 2017101727W WO 2018050088 A1 WO2018050088 A1 WO 2018050088A1
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channel estimation
port
ports
data
base station
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PCT/CN2017/101727
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘燕武
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a method and apparatus for improving data shaping gain, a base station, and a communication system.
  • a beamforming (BF) technique is mainly used to pass multiple antenna arrays. Beam assignment is performed to obtain the shaping gain; the spatial gain is obtained by different directions of the beam.
  • TDD Time Division Duplexing
  • FDD Frequency Division Dual
  • the TDD system has a natural advantage in the Massive MIMO system.
  • SRS Sounding Reference Signal
  • the downlink channel characteristics are obtained by inverse derivation, and the downlink beam assignment weight is obtained through the spatial matrix calculation.
  • the performance of the downlink BF will drop linearly. This is mainly because, for ordinary single-flow BF users, the performance is degraded due to the decrease of BF gain; for multi-user paired BF users, because the matrix estimation accuracy of the uplink spatial channel is not enough, it affects the orthogonality judgment between multiple users, and even It may cause mutual interference between multi-user pairings, resulting in worsening degradation of downlink air separation performance.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and apparatus for improving data shaping gain, a base station, and a communication
  • the system solves at least the problem of poor stability of the BF service in the related art.
  • a method for improving data shaping gain comprising: obtaining, by a base station, channel estimation values of at least two ports; acquiring data for transmitting data according to channel estimation values of the at least two ports Performing a beamforming weight; and performing beamforming on the data in the data to be transmitted according to the weight, wherein the one channel data is transmitted by the base station to the user equipment UE, and is at least Data received by both ports.
  • an apparatus for improving data shaping gain applied to a base station side, comprising: an obtaining module, configured to obtain at least two ports in a multiple input and output MIMO antenna system And a processing module, configured to acquire, according to the channel estimation values of the at least two ports, a weight for performing beamforming on the data to be transmitted; and, according to the weight, a data in the data to be transmitted Beamforming is performed, wherein the one-way data is data that the base station transmits to the UE and is received by the at least two ports.
  • a base station including: a processor, a communication module;
  • the processor is configured to obtain channel estimation values of at least two ports; and acquire weights for beamforming the data to be transmitted according to channel estimation values of the at least two ports; and according to the weight pair One channel of the data to be transmitted is beamformed;
  • a communication module configured to send, by using an antenna corresponding to the at least two ports, the one-way data after performing wave velocity shaping on the UE.
  • a communication system including: a base station, a user equipment UE;
  • a base station configured to obtain channel estimation values of at least two ports; and acquire weights for beamforming the data to be transmitted according to channel estimation values of the at least two ports; and to treat the to-be-based according to the weights And transmitting, by the one channel of data, beamforming, wherein the one channel of data is data that is sent by the base station to the UE and received by the at least two ports;
  • the UE is configured to receive one way data in the to-be-transmitted data.
  • a storage medium Arranging to store program code for performing the following steps: in a multiple input and output MIMO antenna system, a base station obtains channel estimation values of at least two ports; and acquires data to be transmitted according to channel estimation values of the at least two ports a weight of the beamforming; and beamforming a data in the data to be transmitted according to the weight, wherein the one channel data is transmitted by the base station to the UE, and the at least two The data received by the port.
  • the base station obtains the channel estimation values of the at least two ports in different manners, obtains the BF weights according to the channel estimation values, and uses the weights to perform beamforming on the data that the base station needs to transmit, after the foregoing processing.
  • the data can be received by the antenna corresponding to the at least two ports of the UE, and the shaping gain is obtained on the two antennas, which solves the problem that the BF service runs poorly in the related art, and the BF service of the base station can operate normally.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of increasing data shaping gain, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a large-scale antenna mapping applied in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of increasing data shaping gain in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the structure of an apparatus for improving data shaping gain according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a communication system in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the meaning of the round-trip terminal is as follows: a terminal or user equipment has at least two ports, at least two ports transmit information in turn, and two ports receive information at the same time, for example, sending a message through the first port, every 10 seconds. The second port resends the message, and every 10 seconds, the first port sends a message again. In this case, we call the UE a round terminal.
  • a non-rotating terminal or a terminal that is not a transmitting terminal, uses only one port for transmission, but when receiving information, all interfaces of the terminal receive information.
  • the method described in this application can be run in a base station in a large-scale multi-input and output antenna system, and can also be operated in a base station in the related art, such as a long-term evolution system LTE base station, and it should be emphasized that the method described in this application file runs.
  • the device is not limited to the base station described above.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for improving data shaping gain according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in FIG. Show that the process includes:
  • the base station obtains channel estimation values of at least two ports.
  • the port in this embodiment refers to two interface ports on the UE side, that is, two receiving Ants on the UE side.
  • the UE has at least two ports.
  • the UE There are two ports, or one port. In the case that the UE has only one port, the second port is constructed by the technical solution of the present application.
  • the base station obtains channel estimation values of at least two ports, and obtains weights for beamforming the data to be transmitted according to the channel estimation values of the at least two ports;
  • the weight is beamformed to one of the data to be transmitted, and the data is transmitted by the base station to the UE, and the data received by the at least two ports obtains a shaping gain on both antennas.
  • the method for obtaining the weight for beamforming the data to be transmitted according to the channel estimation values of the at least two ports may be performing SVD decomposition on the channel estimation values of the at least two ports, based on the energy in the decomposition result.
  • the largest eigenvector constructs a beamforming BF weight, and performs beamforming on the data to be transmitted according to the weight, wherein the data to be transmitted is data that the base station needs to send to the at least two ports.
  • Singular Value Decomposition SVD
  • SVD decomposition is similar in some respects to the diagonalization of symmetric matrix or Heimite matrix based on eigenvectors, but SVD decomposition is the theory of spectral analysis in arbitrary matrix.
  • SVD decomposition is as follows. Assume that the channel estimation H1 of the first port is known, make a first-class H2 according to a certain principle, and then perform SVD decomposition based on [H1H2] to obtain a feature vector [U1U2], and then take U1 for power return. Once the weighting value is used, any eigenvector after SVD decomposition contains the main channel characteristics of the two channels.
  • the manner in which the base station obtains the channel estimation value of the at least two ports includes one of the following:
  • the SRS is used to obtain channel estimation values of at least two ports.
  • the method steps in FIG. 1 may be directly performed.
  • the channel estimation value of the other port is not available, and a channel according to one port is required.
  • the estimate constructs a new channel estimate for the other port.
  • the second channel estimation value of the second port of the at least two ports is configured according to the first channel estimation value, and the detailed steps of the configuration are as follows, according to the first port
  • the first channel estimation value performs the DOA estimation of the DOA of the UE, and obtains a steering vector corresponding to the strongest path; and constructs a second port of the second port according to the guiding vector corresponding to the strongest path of the first channel estimation value.
  • Channel estimate Need to emphasize that the first here
  • the port and the second port are only two different ports. There is no specific physical meaning. The two can be exchanged at any time without affecting the technical solution of this application.
  • the channel estimation values of the at least two ports before determining, by the base station, the channel estimation values of the at least two ports, determining whether the UE is a round terminal, where the UE is not a rounding terminal, according to the first of the first ports of the at least two ports.
  • the channel estimate is constructed to obtain a second channel estimate of the second of the at least two ports.
  • the manner of constructing the channel estimation value of the port in this embodiment is the same as the configuration described in the foregoing document.
  • the second port is configured according to the first channel estimation value of the first port.
  • the second channel estimate is configured according to the first channel estimation value of the first port.
  • the UE is a round-up terminal, obtain a correlation between the first port and the second port, and if the correlation is higher than a second preset value, select the at least two ports.
  • the port with the highest SINR value obtains the reference port; the channel estimation value of the other port of the at least two ports is constructed according to the channel estimation value of the reference port.
  • the reference port is only an identifier, and there is no substantial change from the first port or the second port before the selection.
  • the correlation in the present application file is the degree of channel estimation correlation between two ports between users, which is actually the degree of similarity of the wireless channel characteristics experienced by two ports, if the two ports of the UE experience very close For wireless channels, the higher the correlation between the two ports between UEs, the more the total transmit power is equalized, the more the transmit power will be wasted on the interference cancellation, and the lower the received power, the lower the shaping performance will be.
  • the two port correlation calculations described herein are: H1*H2 * (where H1 refers to the channel estimate for the first port and H2 * represents the conjugate for the channel estimate for the second port).
  • the channel estimation value of the other port is constructed according to the channel estimation value of the reference port.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a large-scale antenna mapping applied according to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2, a broken line indicates one polarization direction, and a solid line indicates another polarization direction.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of increasing data shaping gain, such as an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, such as As shown in Figure 3, the steps are as follows:
  • Step S301 determining whether the UE is a round or non-rounding terminal, if the UE is a non-rounding terminal, then go to step S303; if the UE is a rounding terminal, go to step S302;
  • Step S302 based on the detection, obtain an SRS channel estimation value of the UE port 0 (ie, the first port or the second port of the foregoing embodiment), a signal-to-noise ratio (SINR) of the port 0, and a port 1 (ie, the foregoing
  • SRS channel estimation of the second port or the first port of the embodiment, the SINR of the port 1, and the correlation between the port 0 and the port 1 are calculated.
  • step S303 If the correlation is higher than the set threshold and the SINR of the port 0 is greater than the SINR of the port 1, Then step S303; if the correlation is higher than the set threshold and the SINR of the port 1 is greater than the SINR of the port 0 to step S304; if the correlation is lower than the set threshold step S307;
  • Step S303 the SINR is calculated based on the SRS of the port 0, if the SINR of the SRS is determined to be less than the set minimum threshold, the process proceeds to step S305, otherwise proceeds to step S308;
  • Step S304 the SINR is calculated based on the SRS of the port 1, if the SINR of the SRS is determined to be less than the set minimum threshold, the process proceeds to step S306, otherwise proceeds to step S308;
  • Step S305 constructing a channel estimation value of the port 1 according to the SRS channel estimation of the UE port 0, that is, performing DOA estimation of the UE according to the SRS channel estimation value of the port, and obtaining a steering vector corresponding to the strongest path, and then combining the channel of the port 0.
  • Estimating to further construct a channel estimation value of the second stream ie, the data stream corresponding to port 1, and proceeding to step S307;
  • Step S306 constructing a channel estimation value of port 0 according to the SRS channel estimation of the UE port 1, that is, performing DOA estimation of the UE according to the SRS channel estimation value of the port, and obtaining a steering vector corresponding to the strongest path, and then combining the channel of the port 1 It is estimated that the channel estimation value of the first stream (that is, the data stream corresponding to port 1) is further constructed, and the process proceeds to step S307;
  • Step S307 combining the above-mentioned detected or constructed two-port SRS channel estimation, decomposing and acquiring the feature component of the main set by SVD, and calculating the shaping gain weight, and using the weight to perform beamforming on the data to be sent to the UE Shape, so that the first-class data transmitted to the UE is received by the two receiving antennas of the UE, and the shaping gain is obtained on both receiving antennas, so that the performance is better than that of forming only one antenna;
  • Step S308 directly using the channel estimation of port 0 or port 1, based on the Maximum Ratio Transmit (MRT) algorithm, performing BF, so that the first-class data transmitted to the UE can only obtain the shaping gain on the single antenna.
  • the constructed single-flow shaping weight includes the channel characteristics of two ports, so that both ports on the UE side can have shaping gain.
  • the principle is as follows:
  • Y (represents the data received by the UE)
  • the principle of single-flow BF is to use the uplink and downlink channel anisotropy of the TDD system, multiply the transmitted X-ray by the H obtained by the uplink estimation, that is , the above formula becomes the formula 1, and the formula 1 is as follows:
  • Y (represents the data received by the UE)
  • Equation 2 based on the configuration or with the second flow channel is detected to provide a second characteristic H_Ant2 shaped root UE Ant gain acceptance, combined with ZF algorithm, such that the above-described Equation 1 and Equation 2 becomes Equation 3 , Equation 2 is as follows:
  • Equation 3 is as follows:
  • H_Ant1 lower and upper H_Ant2 * H_Ant1 * * H_Ant2 * lower results can be considered equal to the constant E, and a power normalization may then be regarded as one; (derived from the auto-correlation characteristics)
  • Equations 2 and 3 it is mainly from the mathematical or computational point of view how to implement the technical solutions described in the present application.
  • Embodiment 1 In the case that the UE is a non-rotating terminal, the power of the far-point SRS is insufficient, but there is no interference in the uplink.
  • Step 1 The base station side calculates a corresponding signal to noise ratio (SINR) according to the received UE SRS signal;
  • SINR signal to noise ratio
  • Step 2 Determine whether the detected SRS channel estimation of port 0 corresponds to a set threshold (preliminarily set to a single antenna less than 5 db), and the signal-to-noise ratio is also lower than a set threshold (preliminarily set to -100 db). Then, the channel estimation of the port 1 is obtained according to the channel estimation configuration of the port 0;
  • the third step using the channel estimation values of port 0 and port 1, decomposing and acquiring the feature components of the main set by SVD, and calculating the weighting value of the shaping gain, and using the weight to perform beamforming on the data to be sent to the UE So that the first-class data transmitted to the UE is received by the two receiving antennas of the UE Receive, the gain is obtained on both receiving antennas.
  • the power of the remote SRS is insufficient, but the correlation between the two ports is not high:
  • Step 1 The base station side calculates the correlation between the two ports according to the received port 0 and the UE SRS signal of the port 1.
  • Step 2 If the correlation is not higher than the threshold (preliminary positioning 0.2), the direct SAR obtained by the direct detection of the SRS channel of the port 1 and the port 1 is superimposed and combined with the BF weight of the single stream for beamforming, so that the UE is transmitted to the UE.
  • the first-class data is received by the two receiving antennas of the UE, and the shaping gain is obtained on both receiving antennas.
  • the power of the SRS is sufficient, but the correlation between the two ports is high, and the signal estimation of the port 0 is more accurate:
  • Step 1 The base station side calculates the correlation between the two ports according to the received UE SRS signals of port 0 and port 1;
  • Step 2 If the correlation is higher than the set threshold (preliminary positioning 0.2), compare the SINR of port 0 and port 1;
  • the channel estimation of port 1 is constructed based on the channel estimation of port 0;
  • the fourth step is: based on the channel 0 and the channel estimation of the constructed port 1, the SVD is decomposed and acquired into the feature component of the main set, and the shaped gain weight is calculated, and the data to be sent to the UE is used to perform beam using the weight.
  • the shape is such that the first-class data transmitted to the UE is received by the two receiving antennas of the UE, and the shaping gain is obtained on both receiving antennas.
  • Embodiment 4 In the case that the UE is a round-robin terminal, the power of the SRS is sufficient, but the correlation between the two ports is high, and the signal estimation of the port 1 is more accurate:
  • Step 1 The base station side calculates the correlation between the two ports according to the received UE SRS signals of port 0 and port 1;
  • Step 2 If the correlation is higher than the set threshold (preliminary positioning 0.2), compare the SINR of port 0 and port 1;
  • the channel estimation of the port 0 is constructed based on the channel estimation of the port 1;
  • the fourth step is: based on the channel 1 and the constructed channel 0 channel estimation, the SVD is decomposed and obtained to obtain the characteristic component of the main set, and the shaped gain weight is calculated, and the data to be sent to the UE is used to perform beam using the weight.
  • the shape is such that the first-class data transmitted to the UE is received by the two receiving antennas of the UE, and the shaping gain is obtained on both receiving antennas.
  • a device for improving data shaping gain is also provided, which is applied to a base station in a multiple input and output MIMO antenna system, and the device is used to implement the above embodiments and preferred embodiments, and has not been described. Let me repeat.
  • the term "module” may implement a combination of software and/or hardware of a predetermined function.
  • the apparatus described in the following embodiments is preferably implemented in software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural block diagram of an apparatus for improving data shaping gain according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4, the apparatus includes:
  • the obtaining module 42 is configured to obtain channel estimation values of at least two ports;
  • the processing module 44 is connected to the obtaining module 42 and configured to be based on the at least two ports. Obtaining a weight for beamforming the data to be transmitted; and performing beamforming on the data to be transmitted according to the weight, wherein the data is transmitted by the base station to the UE, and is The data received by the at least two ports.
  • the processing module 44 is further configured to perform SVD decomposition on the channel estimation values of the at least two ports, construct a beamforming BF weight based on the eigenvector with the largest energy in the decomposition result, and perform data transmission according to the weight value.
  • Beamforming wherein the data to be transmitted is data that the base station needs to send to the at least two ports.
  • the obtaining module 42 further obtains channel estimation values of the at least two ports by using one of the following manners: acquiring a channel estimation value of the at least two ports by using a sounding reference signal SRS; acquiring the at least two ports by using an SRS
  • the first channel estimation value of the first port of the first port is configured according to the first channel estimation value to obtain a second channel estimation value of the second port of the at least two ports.
  • the obtaining module 42 is further configured to perform DOA estimation of the direction of arrival estimation of the UE according to the first channel estimation value of the first port, to obtain a steering vector corresponding to the strongest path; and according to the first channel estimation value, The steering vector corresponding to the strongest path constructs a second channel estimate of the second port.
  • the obtaining module 42 is further configured to: before the base station obtains the channel estimation values of the at least two ports, determine whether the UE is a rounding terminal, and if the UE is not a rounding terminal, according to the at least two ports.
  • the first channel estimate of the first port of the first port is configured to obtain a second channel estimate of the second port of the at least two ports.
  • the obtaining module 42 is further configured to: when the SINR of the first port is less than the first preset value, construct a second channel estimation value of the second port according to the first channel estimation value of the first port .
  • the obtaining module 42 is further configured to acquire a correlation between the first port and the second port if the UE is a round terminal, where the correlation is higher than a second preset value, Selecting the port with the highest SINR value among the at least two ports to obtain a reference port; constructing a channel estimation value of the other port according to the channel estimation value of the reference port.
  • the obtaining module 42 is further configured to: after obtaining the reference port, the reference When the SINR of the port is less than the first preset value, the channel estimation value of the other port is constructed according to the channel estimation value of the reference port.
  • each of the above modules may be implemented by software or hardware.
  • the foregoing may be implemented by, but not limited to, the foregoing modules are all located in the same processor; or, the above modules are in any combination.
  • the forms are located in different processors.
  • FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5, the base station includes: a processor 502, a communication module 504;
  • the processor 502 is configured to obtain channel estimation values of at least two ports; and obtain a weight for performing beamforming on the data to be transmitted according to channel estimation values of the at least two ports; and according to the weights, the Transmitting one channel of data in the data for beamforming;
  • the communication module 504 is connected to the processor 502, and is configured to send the one-way data after the wave velocity shaping to the UE through the antenna corresponding to the at least two ports.
  • the processor 502 is further configured to perform SVD decomposition on the channel estimation values of the at least two ports, construct a beamforming BF weight based on the eigenvector with the largest energy in the decomposition result, and perform data transmission according to the weight value.
  • Beamforming wherein the data to be transmitted is data that the base station needs to send to the at least two ports.
  • the processor 502 is further configured to obtain channel estimation values of the at least two ports by using one of the following manners:
  • the processor 502 is further configured to: perform a DOA estimation of the direction of arrival estimation of the UE according to the first channel estimation value of the first port, to obtain a steering vector corresponding to the strongest path; And constructing, according to the first channel estimation value, a steering vector corresponding to the strongest path to construct a second channel estimation value of the second port.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 6, the system includes a base station 602, a user equipment UE604;
  • the base station 602 is configured to obtain channel estimation values of at least two ports of the user equipment UE 604; and obtain a weight for beamforming the data to be transmitted according to channel estimation values of the at least two ports; and according to the weight value pair One channel of data to be transmitted is beamformed, wherein the one channel of data is data that the base station 602 transmits to the UE 604 and is received by the at least two ports;
  • the UE 604 is configured to receive one channel of data in the to-be-transmitted data.
  • the base station 602 is further configured to perform SVD decomposition on the channel estimation values of the at least two ports, construct a beamforming BF weight based on the eigenvector with the largest energy in the decomposition result, and perform beamforming on the data according to the weight value.
  • Forming, wherein the data to be transmitted is data that the base station 602 needs to send to the at least two ports.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure also provide a storage medium.
  • the foregoing storage medium may be configured to store program code for performing the following steps:
  • the base station in a multiple input and output MIMO antenna system, the base station obtains channel estimation values of at least two ports;
  • the foregoing storage medium may include, but is not limited to: a USB flash drive, only A medium that can store program code, such as a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • removable hard disk such as a hard disk, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
  • the processor performs the method steps of the foregoing embodiments according to the stored program code in the storage medium.
  • modules or steps of the present disclosure described above can be implemented by a general-purpose computing device that can be centralized on a single computing device or distributed across a network of multiple computing devices. Alternatively, they may be implemented by program code executable by the computing device such that they may be stored in the storage device by the computing device and, in some cases, may be different from the order herein.
  • the steps shown or described are performed, or they are separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or a plurality of modules or steps thereof are fabricated as a single integrated circuit module. As such, the disclosure is not limited to any specific combination of hardware and software.
  • the base station obtains the channel estimation values of the at least two ports in different manners, obtains the BF weights according to the channel estimation values, and uses the weights to perform beamforming on the data that the base station needs to transmit, after the foregoing processing.
  • the data can be received by the antenna corresponding to the at least two ports of the UE, and the shaping gain is obtained on the two antennas, which solves the problem that the BF service runs poorly in the related art, and the BF service of the base station can operate normally.

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Abstract

本公开提供了一种提高数据赋形增益方法及装置、基站、通信系统，其中，该方法包括：基站获得至少两个端口的信道估计值；依据该至少两个端口的信道估计值获取用于对待传输数据进行波束赋形的权值；并依据该权值对该待传输数据中的一路数据进行波束赋形，其中，该一路数据为该基站向该UE发射，且被该至少两个端口接收的数据。采用上述技术方案，解决了相关技术中BF业务运行稳定性差的问题，基站的BF业务能够正常运行。

Description

提高数据赋形增益方法及装置、基站、通信系统 技术领域
本公开涉及通信领域，具体而言，涉及一种提高数据赋形增益方法及装置、基站、通信系统。
背景技术
在相关技术中，在大规模(Massive)多输入输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output，简称为MIMO)天线系统中，主要是利用波束赋形(Beamforming，简称为BF)技术，通过对多天线阵列进行波束赋行，来获得赋形增益；通过波束的不同的指向，来获得空分增益。在Pre 5G的技术演进中，有时分双工(Time Division Duplexing，简称为TDD)和频分双工(Frequency Division Dual，简称为FDD)的两种模式。其中TDD系统在Massive MIMO系统中具有天然的优势，基于上下行信道互异特性，利用每个通道反向接收的上行信号，通过探测参考信号(Sounding Reference Signal，简称为SRS)估算上行信道估计值并反推得到下行信道特征，再通过空间矩阵计算得到下行波束赋行权值。
TDD下，在Massive MIMO天线系统中，如果出现上行信道估算精度不够情况，下行BF的性能就会直线下降。这主要表现在，对于普通的单流BF用户，由于BF增益下降导致性能下降；对于多用户配对BF用户，由于对上行空间信道的矩阵估算精度不够，影响多用户之间正交性判断，甚至可能会引起多用户配对之间的互相干扰，从而导致下行空分性能恶化加剧。
针对相关技术中BF业务运行稳定性差的问题，目前还没有有效的解决方法。
发明内容
本公开实施例提供了一种提高数据赋形增益方法及装置、基站、通信 系统，以至少解决相关技术中BF业务运行稳定性差的问题。
根据本公开的一个实施例，提供了一种提高数据赋形增益的方法，包括：基站获得至少两个端口的信道估计值；依据所述至少两个端口的信道估计值获取用于对待传输数据进行波束赋形的权值；并依据所述权值对所述待传输数据中的一路数据进行波束赋形，其中，所述一路数据为所述基站向用户设备UE发射，且被所述至少两个端口接收的数据。
根据本公开的另一个实施例，还提供了一种提高数据赋形增益的装置，应用于基站侧，包括：获取模块，设置为在多输入输出MIMO天线系统中，基站获得至少两个端口的信道估计值；处理模块，设置为依据所述至少两个端口的信道估计值获取用于对待传输数据进行波束赋形的权值；并依据所述权值对所述待传输数据中的一路数据进行波束赋形，其中，所述一路数据为所述基站向所述UE发射，且被所述至少两个端口接收的数据。
根据本公开的另一个实施例，提供了一种基站，包括：处理器，通信模块；
所述处理器，设置为获得至少两个端口的信道估计值；以及依据所述至少两个端口的信道估计值获取用于对待传输数据进行波束赋形的权值；并依据所述权值对所述待传输数据中的一路数据进行波束赋形；
通信模块，设置为通过所述至少两个端口所对应天线向所述UE发送进行波速赋形后的所述一路数据。
根据本公开的另一个实施例，还提供了一种通信系统，包括：基站，用户设备UE；
基站，设置为获得至少两个端口的信道估计值；以及依据所述至少两个端口的信道估计值获取用于对待传输数据进行波束赋形的权值；并依据所述权值对所述待传输数据中的一路数据进行波束赋形，其中，所述一路数据为所述基站向所述UE发射，且被所述至少两个端口接收的数据；
所述UE，设置为接收所述待传输数据中的一路数据。
根据本公开的又一个实施例，还提供了一种存储介质。该存储介质设 置为存储用于执行以下步骤的程序代码：在多输入输出MIMO天线系统中，基站获得至少两个端口的信道估计值；依据所述至少两个端口的信道估计值获取用于对待传输数据进行波束赋形的权值；并依据所述权值对所述待传输数据中的一路数据进行波束赋形，其中，所述一路数据为所述基站向所述UE发射，且被所述至少两个端口接收的数据。
通过本公开实施例，基站通过不同的方式获得至少两个端口的信道估计值，依据上述的信道估计值获取BF权值，使用该权值对基站需要传输的数据进行波束赋形，经过上述处理，该数据可以为UE的至少两个端口对应的天线接收，在两根天线上都获得了赋形增益，解决了相关技术中BF业务运行稳定性差的问题，基站的BF业务能够正常运行。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本公开的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本公开的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本公开，并不构成对本公开的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是根据本公开实施例的一种提高数据赋形增益的方法的流程图；
图2是根据本公开可选实施例应用的大规模天线映射示意图；
图3是根据本公开可选实施例的提高数据赋形增益方法的流程图；
图4是根据本公开实施例的一种提高数据赋形增益装置的结构框图；
图5是根据本公开实施例的一种基站的结构框图；
图6是根据本公开实施例的一种通信系统的示意图。
具体实施方式
下文中将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本公开。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
需要说明的是，本公开的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或 先后次序。
实施例1
轮发终端的意思表述如下，一个终端或者用户设备，有至少两个端口，至少两个端口轮流发送信息，并且两个端口同时接收信息，比如通过第一个端口发送消息，隔10秒钟，第二个端口再发送消息，再隔10秒钟，第一个端口又发送消息，在这种情况下，我们称该UE为轮发终端。
非轮发终端，或者称不是轮发终端的终端，只使用一个端口进行发送，但是，在接收信息时是该终端所有的接口接收信息。
本申请文件记载的方法可以运行于大规模多输入输出天线系统中的基站中，还可以运行于相关技术中的基站，比如长期演进系统LTE基站，需要强调的是，本申请文件记载的方法运行设备不局限于上述记载的基站。
在本实施例中提供了一种运行于上述基站的一种提高数据赋形增益的方法，图1是根据本公开实施例的一种提高数据赋形增益的方法的流程图，如图1所示，该流程包括：
S102，基站获得至少两个端口的信道估计值；
S104，依据该至少两个端口的信道估计值获取用于对待传输数据进行波束赋形的权值；并依据该权值对该待传输数据中的一路数据进行波束赋形，该一路数据为该基站向UE发射，且被该至少两个端口接收的数据。本实施例中的端口是指UE侧的2个接口端口，即UE侧的2个接收Ant，在本实施例中记载的是该UE有至少两个端口，在一个可选实施例中，UE有两个端口，或者一个端口。在UE只有一个端口的情况下，通过本申请文件的技术方案，构造出第二个端口。
通过上述步骤，在多输入输出MIMO天线系统中，基站获得至少两个端口的信道估计值，依据该至少两个端口的信道估计值获取用于对待传输数据进行波束赋形的权值；并依据该权值对该待传输数据中的一路数据进行波束赋形，该一路数据为该基站向该UE发射，且被该至少两个端口接收的数据，在两根天线上都获得了赋形增益，解决了相关技术中BF业 务运行稳定性差的问题，基站的BF业务能够正常运行。
可选地，依据该至少两个端口的信道估计值获取用于对待传输数据进行波束赋形的权值的方法可以是将该至少两个端口的信道估计值做SVD分解，基于分解结果中能量最大的特征向量构造波束赋形BF权值，并依据权值对待传输数据进行波束赋形，其中，该待传输数据为该基站需要向该至少两个端口发送的数据。需要补充的是，奇异值分解(Singular Value Decomposition，简称为SVD)，SVD分解在某些方面与对称矩阵或Heimite矩阵基于特征向量的对角化类似，但是，SVD分解是谱分析理论在任意矩阵上的推广。采用SVD分解的思想简介如下，假设第一端口的信道估计H1已知，根据某种原则造一流H2，然后基于[H1H2]一起做SVD分解，得到特征向量[U1U2]，然后取U1进行功率归一后当做赋形权值，SVD分解后的任意一个特征向量都包含了两个信道的主方向信道特征。
SVD的特征任意一个特征向量都包含了两个信道的主方向信道特征
可选地，基站获得至少两个端口的信道估计值方式包括以下之一：
采用探测参考信号SRS获取该至少两个端口的信道估计值；
采用SRS获取该至少两个端口中的第一端口的第一信道估计值，依据该第一信道估计值构造得到该至少两个端口中的第二端口的第二信道估计值。
采用SRS获取至少两个端口的信道估计值，在一些情况下可以直接执行图1中的方法步骤，在一些情况下，另一个端口的信道估计值是不可以使用的，需要依据一个端口的信道估计值构造出另一个端口新的信道估计值。
在本申请的可选实施例中，依据该第一信道估计值构造得到该至少两个端口中的第二端口的第二信道估计值，构造的详细步骤如下面记载，根据该第一端口的第一信道估计值进行该UE的波达方向估计DOA估计，得到最强径对应的导向矢量；依据该第一信道估计值与该最强径对应的导向矢量构造出该第二端口的第二信道估计值。需要强调的是，这里的第一 端口和第二端口只表示是两个不同的端口，没有具体的物理意义，二者可以随意调换位置，不影响本申请文件的技术方案。
可选地，基站获得至少两个端口的信道估计值之前，判断该UE是否为轮发终端，在该UE不是轮发终端的情况下，依据该至少两个端口中的第一端口的第一信道估计值，构造得到该至少两个端口中的第二端口的第二信道估计值。本实施例中的构造端口的信道估计值的方式与本申请文件前面记载的构造方案是一样的。
可选地，在该UE不是轮发终端的情况下，还需要确定该第一端口的SINR小于第一预设值的情况下，依据该第一端口的第一信道估计值构造该第二端口的第二信道估计值。
可选地，在该UE为轮发终端的情况下，获取第一端口和该第二端口的相关性，在该相关性高于第二预设值的情况下，选择该至少两个端口中SINR值最高的端口，得到基准端口；依据基准端口的信道估计值构造出该至少两个端口中另一个端口的信道估计值。需要指出的是，基准端口只是一个标识，与选择之前的第一端口或者第二端口没有实质性的改变。需要说明的是，本申请文件中的相关性就是用户间2个端口的信道估计相关程度，实际上就是2个端口经历的无线信道特性的相似程度，如果UE的2个端口经历的很接近的无线信道，那么UE间2个端口相关性越高，在发射总功率归一的情况下，越多的发射功率会浪费在干扰抵消上，接收功率会越低，这样赋形性能就会下降，在本文所描述的2个端口相关性计算是：H1*H2*(其中H1是指第一端口的信道估计，H2*表示第二端口的信道估计的共轭)。
可选地，得到基准端口之后，在该基准端口的SINR小于第一预设值的情况下，依据该基准端口的信道估计值构造出另一个端口的信道估计值。
图2是根据本公开可选实施例应用的大规模天线映射示意图，如图2所示，虚线表示一个极化方向，实线表示另外一个极化方向。
图3是根据本公开可选实施例的提高数据赋形增益方法的流程图，如 图3所示，步骤如下：
步骤S301，判断UE是轮发终端还是非轮发终端，若UE为非轮发终端，则转步骤S303；若UE为轮发终端，转步骤S302；
步骤S302，基于探测得到UE端口0(即上述实施例的第一端口或者第二端口)的SRS信道估计值、端口0的信噪比(Signal Noise Ratio，简称为SINR)以及端口1(即上述实施例的第二端口或者第一端口)的SRS信道估计、端口1的SINR，计算端口0和端口1的相关性，若相关性高于设定门限且端口0的SINR大于端口1的SINR，则转步骤S303；若相关性高于设定门限且端口1的SINR大于端口0的SINR转步骤S304；若相关性低于设定门限转步骤S307；
步骤S303，基于端口0的SRS计算SINR，若判决SRS的SINR小于设定最低门限，进入步骤S305，否则进入步骤S308；
步骤S304，基于端口1的SRS计算SINR，若判决SRS的SINR小于设定最低门限，进入步骤S306，否则进入步骤S308；
步骤S305，根据UE端口0的SRS信道估计来构造端口1的信道估计值，即根据端口的SRS信道估计值进行UE的DOA估计，并得到最强径对应的导向矢量，然后结合端口0的信道估计进一步构造出第二流(即端口1对应的数据流)的信道估计值，并转步骤S307；
步骤S306，根据UE端口1的SRS信道估计来构造端口0的信道估计值，即根据端口的SRS信道估计值进行UE的DOA估计，并得到最强径对应的导向矢量，然后结合端口1的信道估计进一步构造出第一流(即端口1对应的数据流)的信道估计值，并转步骤S307；
步骤S307，结合上述探测或者构造的2个端口SRS信道估计，通过SVD分解并获取到主集的特征分量，计算得出赋形增益权值，使用该权值对待发送到UE的数据进行波束赋形，使得发射给UE的一流数据被UE的两个接收天线接收，在两根接收天线上都获得赋形增益，如此相比于只对一根天线赋形有更优的性能；
步骤S308，直接利用端口0或者端口1的信道估计，基于最大比发射(Maximal Ratio Transmit，简称为MRT)算法，进行BF，使得发射给UE的一流数据只能在单天线上获得赋形增益。实际上单流就是取第一端口或者第二端口的共轭，即BF权值＝H*。
为使上述可选实施例中的方法步骤更易理解，下面结合计算公式进行详细说明。本申请文的核心思想就是构造的单流赋形权值包含2个端口的信道特性,使得UE侧2个端口都能有赋形增益，其原理如下：
在相关技术中，无线通信的简单模型如下：
Y(表示UE接受到的数据)
＝H下(基站到UE经历的空间信道)*X(表示基站发射数据)+n(n表示噪声).在相关技术中，UE侧通过接收到的Y来猜测基站侧发出的X。
单流BF原理就是利用TDD系统上下行信道异性,将发射的X线乘以通过上行估算得到的H上，即将上述公式变成公式1，公式1如下：
Y(表示UE接受到的数据)
＝H下(基站到UE经历的空间信道)*(H上 *(UE到基站的空间信道共轭)*X(表示基站发射数据))+n(n表示噪声)
＝(H下*H上 *)*X+n＝X+n.
但是相关技术中的商用终端一般是一发两收(即用一个端口发送信号，使用两个端口接收天线信号)，在这种情况下，对于UE的端口2由于没有对应的H上 *，从而UE第2根天线接受到的BF增益是很小的,原因:YAnt2(UE端口Ant2接收到的数据)＝H_Ant2下*X+n.
在本公开可选实施例中，基于构造或者利用探测到第二流信道特性H_Ant2上来提供UE第二根接受Ant的赋形增益，结合ZF算法，使得上述公式1变为公式2和公式3，公式2如下：
公式YAnt1(UE Ant1接收到的数据)
＝H_Ant1下*(H_Ant1上 *+H_Ant2上 *)*X+n
＝H_Ant1下*H_Ant1上 **X+H_Ant1下*H_Ant2上 **X+n
≈x+n.
公式3如下：
YAnt2(UE Ant2接收到的数据)
＝H_Ant2下*(H_Ant1上 *+H_Ant2上 *)*X+n
＝H_Ant2下*H_Ant1上 **X+H_Ant2下*H_Ant2上 **X+n
≈x+n.
需要补充的是，在上述公式2和3中，说明：
1)H_Ant1下*H_Ant1上*和H_Ant2下*H_Ant2上*结果可认为等于常量E，并且在功率归一之后可以当作是1；(由自相关特性得出)
2)H_Ant1下*H_Ant2上*，H_Ant2下*H_Ant1上*结果可近似等于0，(因为构造的是正交2个H，由互相关特性得出)
在上述得出的公式2和公式3中，主要是从数学或者计算角度明确给出了如何实现本申请文件中记载的技术方案。
下面提供了四个具体实施方式，记载如下：
具体实施方式一，在UE为非轮发终端，远点SRS的功率不够，但是上行不存在干扰的情况下。
第一步：基站侧根据接收的UE SRS信号，计算对应的信噪比(SINR)；
第二步：判决探测到的端口0的SRS信道估计对应SINR是否低于设定门限(初步设为单天线小于5db)，信噪比也低于设定门限(初步设定为-100db)，则根据端口0的信道估计构造得到端口1的信道估计；
第三步：利用端口0和端口1的信道估计值，通过SVD分解并获取到主集的特征分量，计算得出赋形增益权值，使用该权值对待发送到UE的数据进行波束赋形，使得发射给UE的一流数据被UE的两个接收天线 接收，在两根接收天线上都获得赋形增益。
具体实施方式二，在UE为轮发终端，远点SRS的功率不够，但是2个端口的相关性不高的情况下：
第一步：基站侧根据接收到的端口0以及端口1的UE SRS信号，计算2个端口的相关性；
第二步：若相关性不高于门限(初步定位0.2)，则利用直接探测得到的端口0和端口1的SRS信道估计叠加合成单流的BF权值进行波束赋形，使得发射给UE的一流数据被UE的两个接收天线接收，在两根接收天线上都获得赋形增益。
具体实施方式三，在UE为轮发终端，SRS的功率够，但是2个端口的相关性高，端口0的信号估计更精确：
第一步：基站侧根据接收到的端口0和端口1的UE SRS信号，计算2个端口的相关性；
第二步：若相关性高于设定门限(初步定位0.2)，则比较端口0和端口1的SINR；
第三步，若端口0的SINR高于端口1的SINR，则以端口0的信道估计为基准，构造端口1的信道估计；
第四步：基于端口0以及构造得到的端口1的信道估计，通过SVD分解并获取到主集的特征分量，计算得出赋形增益权值，使用该权值对待发送到UE的数据进行波束赋形，使得发射给UE的一流数据被UE的两个接收天线接收，在两根接收天线上都获得赋形增益。
具体实施方式四，在UE为轮发终端，SRS的功率够，但是2个端口的相关性高，端口1的信号估计更精确的情况下：
第一步：基站侧根据接收到的端口0和端口1的UE SRS信号，计算2个端口的相关性；
第二步：若相关性高于设定门限(初步定位0.2)，则比较端口0和端口1的SINR；
第三步，若端口1的SINR高于端口0的SINR，则以端口1的信道估计为基准，构造端口0的信道估计；
第四步：基于端口1以及构造得到的端口0的信道估计，通过SVD分解并获取到主集的特征分量，计算得出赋形增益权值，使用该权值对待发送到UE的数据进行波束赋形，使得发射给UE的一流数据被UE的两个接收天线接收，在两根接收天线上都获得赋形增益。
通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到根据上述实施例的方法可借助软件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来实现，当然也可以通过硬件，但很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。基于这样的理解，本公开的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质(如ROM/RAM、磁碟、光盘)中，包括若干指令用以使得一台终端设备(可以是手机，计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本公开各个实施例所述的方法。
实施例2
在本实施例中还提供了一种提高数据赋形增益的装置，应用于多输入输出MIMO天线系统中的基站中，该装置用于实现上述实施例及优选实施方式，已经进行过说明的不再赘述。如以下所使用的，术语“模块”可以实现预定功能的软件和/或硬件的组合。尽管以下实施例所描述的装置较佳地以软件来实现，但是硬件，或者软件和硬件的组合的实现也是可能并被构想的。
图4是根据本公开实施例的一种提高数据赋形增益装置的结构框图，如图4所示，该装置包括：
获取模块42，设置为获得至少两个端口的信道估计值；
处理模块44，与获取模块42连接，设置为依据该至少两个端口的信 道估计值获取用于对待传输数据进行波束赋形的权值；并依据该权值对该待传输数据中的一路数据进行波束赋形，其中，该一路数据为该基站向UE发射，且被该至少两个端口接收的数据。
可选地，该处理模块44还设置为将该至少两个端口的信道估计值做SVD分解，基于分解结果中能量最大的特征向量构造波束赋形BF权值，并依据权值对待传输数据进行波束赋形，其中，该待传输数据为该基站需要向该至少两个端口发送的数据。
可选地，该获取模块42还用通过以下方式之一获取该至少两个端口的信道估计值：采用探测参考信号SRS获取该至少两个端口的信道估计值；采用SRS获取该至少两个端口中的第一端口的第一信道估计值，依据该第一信道估计值构造得到该至少两个端口中的第二端口的第二信道估计值。
可选地，该获取模块42还设置为根据该第一端口的第一信道估计值进行该UE的波达方向估计DOA估计，得到最强径对应的导向矢量；依据该第一信道估计值与该最强径对应的导向矢量构造出该第二端口的第二信道估计值。
可选地，该获取模块42还设置为在基站获得至少两个端口的信道估计值之前，判断该UE是否为轮发终端，在该UE不是轮发终端的情况下，依据该至少两个端口中的第一端口的第一信道估计值，构造得到该至少两个端口中的第二端口的第二信道估计值。
可选地，该获取模块42还设置为在该第一端口的SINR小于第一预设值的情况下，依据该第一端口的第一信道估计值构造该第二端口的第二信道估计值。
可选地，该获取模块42还设置为在该UE为轮发终端的情况下，获取第一端口和该第二端口的相关性，在该相关性高于第二预设值的情况下，选择该至少两个端口中SINR值最高的端口，得到基准端口；依据该基准端口的信道估计值构造出另一个端口的信道估计值。
可选地，该获取模块42还设置为在得到该基准端口之后，在该基准 端口的SINR小于第一预设值的情况下，依据该基准端口的信道估计值构造出另一个端口的信道估计值。
需要说明的是，上述各个模块是可以通过软件或硬件来实现的，对于后者，可以通过以下方式实现，但不限于此：上述模块均位于同一处理器中；或者，上述各个模块以任意组合的形式分别位于不同的处理器中。
实施例3
本公开的实施例中还提供了一种基站50，图5是根据本公开实施例的一种基站的结构框图，如图5所示，该基站包括：处理器502，通信模块504；
该处理器502，设置为获得至少两个端口的信道估计值；以及依据该至少两个端口的信道估计值获取用于对待传输数据进行波束赋形的权值；并依据该权值对该待传输数据中的一路数据进行波束赋形；
通信模块504，与该处理器502连接，设置为通过该至少两个端口所对应天线向该UE发送进行波速赋形后的该一路数据。
可选地，该处理器502还设置为将该至少两个端口的信道估计值做SVD分解，基于分解结果中能量最大的特征向量构造波束赋形BF权值，并依据权值对待传输数据进行波束赋形，其中，该待传输数据为该基站需要向该至少两个端口发送的数据。
可选地，该处理器502，还设置为通过以下之一方式获得至少两个端口的信道估计值：
采用探测参考信号SRS获取该至少两个端口的信道估计值；
采用SRS获取该至少两个端口中的第一端口的第一信道估计值，依据该第一信道估计值构造得到该至少两个端口中的第二端口的第二信道估计值。
可选地，该处理器502，还设置为根据该第一端口的第一信道估计值进行该UE的波达方向估计DOA估计，得到最强径对应的导向矢量；以 及依据该第一信道估计值与该最强径对应的导向矢量构造出该第二端口的第二信道估计值。
实施例4
本公开的实施例中还记载了一种通信系统，图6是根据本公开实施例的一种通信系统的示意图，如图6所示，该系统包括，基站602，用户设备UE604；
基站602，设置为获得用户设备UE604的至少两个端口的信道估计值；以及依据该至少两个端口的信道估计值获取用于对待传输数据进行波束赋形的权值；并依据该权值对该待传输数据中的一路数据进行波束赋形，其中，该一路数据为该基站602向该UE604发射，且被该至少两个端口接收的数据；
该UE604，设置为接收该待传输数据中的一路数据。
可选地，该基站602还设置为将该至少两个端口的信道估计值做SVD分解，基于分解结果中能量最大的特征向量构造波束赋形BF权值，并依据权值对待传输数据进行波束赋形，其中，该待传输数据为该基站602需要向该至少两个端口发送的数据。
实施例5
本公开的实施例还提供了一种存储介质。可选地，在本实施例中，上述存储介质可以被设置为存储用于执行以下步骤的程序代码：
S1，在多输入输出MIMO天线系统中，基站获得至少两个端口的信道估计值；
S2，依据该至少两个端口的信道估计值获取用于对待传输数据进行波束赋形的权值；并依据该权值对该待传输数据中的一路数据进行波束赋形，其中，该一路数据为该基站向该UE发射，且被该至少两个端口接收的数据。
可选地，在本实施例中，上述存储介质可以包括但不限于：U盘、只 读存储器(ROM，Read-Only Memory)、随机存取存储器(RAM，Random Access Memory)、移动硬盘、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
可选地，在本实施例中，处理器根据存储介质中已存储的程序代码执行上述实施例的方法步骤。
可选地，本实施例中的具体示例可以参考上述实施例及可选实施方式中所描述的示例，本实施例在此不再赘述。
显然，本领域的技术人员应该明白，上述的本公开的各模块或各步骤可以用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，或者分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上，可选地，它们可以用计算装置可执行的程序代码来实现，从而，可以将它们存储在存储装置中由计算装置来执行，并且在某些情况下，可以以不同于此处的顺序执行所示出或描述的步骤，或者将它们分别制作成各个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。这样，本公开不限制于任何特定的硬件和软件结合。
以上所述仅为本公开的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本公开，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本公开可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本公开的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本公开的保护范围之内。
工业实用性
通过本公开实施例，基站通过不同的方式获得至少两个端口的信道估计值，依据上述的信道估计值获取BF权值，使用该权值对基站需要传输的数据进行波束赋形，经过上述处理，该数据可以为UE的至少两个端口对应的天线接收，在两根天线上都获得了赋形增益，解决了相关技术中BF业务运行稳定性差的问题，基站的BF业务能够正常运行。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种提高数据赋形增益的方法，包括：
    基站获得至少两个端口的信道估计值；
    依据所述至少两个端口的信道估计值获取用于对待传输数据进行波束赋形的BF权值；并依据所述波束赋形BF权值对所述待传输数据中的一路数据进行波束赋形，其中，所述一路数据为所述基站向用户设备UE发射，且被所述至少两个端口接收的数据。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，依据所述至少两个端口的信道估计值获取用于对待传输数据进行波束赋形的BF权值，包括：
    将所述至少两个端口的信道估计值做奇异值分解SVD分解，基于分解结果中能量最大的特征向量构造BF权值，并依据所述BF权值对待传输数据进行波束赋形，其中，所述待传输数据为所述基站需要向所述至少两个端口发送的数据。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，基站获得至少两个端口的信道估计值方式包括以下之一：
    采用探测参考信号SRS获取所述至少两个端口的信道估计值；
    采用SRS获取所述至少两个端口中的第一端口的第一信道估计值，依据所述第一信道估计值构造得到所述至少两个端口中的第二端口的第二信道估计值。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其中，依据所述第一信道估计值构造得到所述至少两个端口中的第二端口的第二信道估计值，包括：
    根据所述第一端口的第一信道估计值进行所述UE的波达方向估计DOA估计，得到最强径对应的导向矢量；
    依据所述第一信道估计值与所述最强径对应的导向矢量构造出所述第二端口的第二信道估计值。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，基站获得至少两个端口的信道估计值之前，所述方法还包括：
    判断所述UE是否为轮发终端，在所述UE不是轮发终端的情况下，依据所述至少两个端口中的第一端口的第一信道估计值，构造得到所述至少两个端口中的第二端口的第二信道估计值。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，在所述UE不是轮发终端的情况下，依据所述第一端口的第一信道估计值构造所述第二端口的第二信道估计值，包括：
    在所述第一端口的信噪比SINR小于第一预设值的情况下，依据所述第一端口的第一信道估计值构造所述第二端口的第二信道估计值。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述方法还包括：
    在所述UE为轮发终端的情况下，获取第一端口和所述第二端口的相关性，在所述相关性高于第二预设值的情况下，选择所述至少两个端口中SINR值最高的端口，得到基准端口；
    依据基准端口的信道估计值构造出所述至少两个端口中另一个端口的信道估计值。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其中，得到基准端口之后，所述方法还包括：
    在所述基准端口的SINR小于第一预设值的情况下，依据所述基准端口的信道估计值构造出另一个端口的信道估计值。
  9. 一种提高数据赋形增益的装置，包括：
    获取模块，设置为通过基站获得至少两个端口的信道估计值；
    处理模块，设置为依据所述至少两个端口的信道估计值获取用于对待传输数据进行波束赋形的波束赋形BF权值；并依据所述BF权值 对所述待传输数据中的一路数据进行波束赋形，其中，所述一路数据为所述基站向所述UE发射，且被所述至少两个端口接收的数据。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中，所述处理模块还设置为将所述至少两个端口的信道估计值做SVD分解，基于分解结果中能量最大的特征向量构造BF权值，并依据BF权值对待传输数据进行波束赋形，其中，所述待传输数据为所述基站需要向所述至少两个端口发送的数据。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中，所述获取模块还用通过以下方式之一获取至少两个端口的信道估计值：
    采用探测参考信号SRS获取所述至少两个端口的信道估计值；
    采用SRS获取所述至少两个端口中的第一端口的第一信道估计值，依据所述第一信道估计值构造得到所述至少两个端口中的第二端口的第二信道估计值。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的装置，其中，所述获取模块还设置为根据所述第一端口的第一信道估计值进行所述UE的波达方向估计DOA估计，得到最强径对应的导向矢量；依据所述第一信道估计值与所述最强径对应的导向矢量构造出所述第二端口的第二信道估计值。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的装置，其中，所述获取模块还设置为在基站获得至少两个端口的信道估计值之前，判断所述UE是否为轮发终端，在所述UE不是轮发终端的情况下，依据所述至少两个端口中的第一端口的第一信道估计值，构造得到所述至少两个端口中的第二端口的第二信道估计值。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其中，所述获取模块还设置为在所述第一端口的SINR小于第一预设值的情况下，依据所述第一 端口的第一信道估计值构造所述第二端口的第二信道估计值。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其中，所述获取模块还设置为在所述UE为轮发终端的情况下，获取第一端口和所述第二端口的相关性，在所述相关性高于第二预设值的情况下，选择所述至少两个端口中SINR值最高的端口，得到基准端口；依据所述基准端口的信道估计值构造出另一个端口的信道估计值。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其中，所述获取模块还设置为在得到所述基准端口之后，在所述基准端口的SINR小于第一预设值的情况下，依据所述基准端口的信道估计值构造出另一个端口的信道估计值。
  17. 一种基站，包括：处理器，通信模块；
    所述处理器，设置为获得至少两个端口的信道估计值；以及依据所述至少两个端口的信道估计值获取用于对待传输数据进行波束赋形的BF权值；并依据所述BF权值对所述待传输数据中的一路数据进行波束赋形；
    通信模块，设置为通过所述至少两个端口所对应天线向所述UE发送进行波速赋形后的所述一路数据。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的基站，其中，所述处理器还设置为将所述至少两个端口的信道估计值做SVD分解，基于分解结果中能量最大的特征向量构造BF权值，并依据BF权值对待传输数据进行波束赋形，其中，所述待传输数据为所述基站需要向所述至少两个端口发送的数据。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的基站，其中，所述处理器，还设置为通过以下之一方式获得至少两个端口的信道估计值：
    采用探测参考信号SRS获取所述至少两个端口的信道估计值；
    采用SRS获取所述至少两个端口中的第一端口的第一信道估计值，依据所述第一信道估计值构造得到所述至少两个端口中的第二端口的第二信道估计值。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的基站，其中，所述处理器，还设置为根据所述第一端口的第一信道估计值进行所述UE的波达方向估计DOA估计，得到最强径对应的导向矢量；以及依据所述第一信道估计值与所述最强径对应的导向矢量构造出所述第二端口的第二信道估计值。
  21. 一种通信系统，包括：基站，用户设备UE；
    基站，设置为获得至少两个端口的信道估计值；以及依据所述至少两个端口的信道估计值获取用于对待传输数据进行波束赋形的BF权值；并依据所述BF权值对所述待传输数据中的一路数据进行波束赋形，其中，所述一路数据为所述基站向所述UE发射，且被所述至少两个端口接收的数据；
    所述UE，设置为接收所述待传输数据中的一路数据。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的系统，其中，所述基站还设置为将所述至少两个端口的信道估计值做SVD分解，基于分解结果中能量最大的特征向量构造BF权值，并依据BF权值对待传输数据进行波束赋形，其中，所述待传输数据为所述基站需要向所述至少两个端口发送的数据。
  23. 一种存储介质，其特征在于，所述存储介质包括存储的程序，其中，所述程序运行时执行权利要求1至8中任一项所述的方法。
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