WO2018038052A1 - 物体状態検出伝送システム - Google Patents
物体状態検出伝送システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018038052A1 WO2018038052A1 PCT/JP2017/029791 JP2017029791W WO2018038052A1 WO 2018038052 A1 WO2018038052 A1 WO 2018038052A1 JP 2017029791 W JP2017029791 W JP 2017029791W WO 2018038052 A1 WO2018038052 A1 WO 2018038052A1
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to an object state detection and transmission system for detecting and transmitting an object state such as a plant state, a spectroscopic terminal device for the object state detection and transmission system, a control method thereof, a control program, a recording medium, and
- the present invention relates to a server device for the object state detection transmission system.
- a small-sized infrared light source is mounted on the spectroscope, and a small-scale spectroscope (hereinafter referred to as a second conventional example) that acquires information on the freshness and quality of a target crop or food using reflected light from the light source. )
- a small-scale spectroscope hereinafter referred to as a second conventional example
- Hokkaido Satellite Co., Ltd. “Lawn and ground, subject of photography”, Internet, [Search date: August 16, 2016], URL: http://www.hokkaido-sat.co.jp/casestudy-data/ plant / plant-ground.html
- Hokkaido Satellite Co., Ltd. “Freshness research, What is freshness of leafy vegetables”, Internet, [Search date: August 16, 2016], URL: http://hokkaido-sat.co.jp/study- archives / 36-fundamental-research-fresh.html
- the measurement wavelength is limited to the wavelength of the light source mounted on the device, and is usually limited to infrared light. Therefore, the wavelength information that can be acquired and used is limited to infrared light.
- the type of plant can be determined based on the reflection spectrum of sunlight reflected by the plant, the health state of the plant can be determined, or the growing state of the plant can be determined.
- incidental information such as an image showing the state of a plant, a position, and time cannot be collected in association with each other.
- the object of the present invention is to solve the above problems, for example, automatically and easily discriminate the type and state of an object in association with the incidental information based on the reflection spectrum of sunlight reflected by an object such as a plant.
- the object is to provide an object state detection and transmission system.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a spectroscopic terminal device for the object state detection and transmission system, a control method thereof, a control program thereof, a recording medium, and a server device for the object state detection and transmission system. is there.
- An object state detection and transmission system according to a first invention
- a spectroscopic terminal device that integrally includes a spectroscope that measures a reflection spectrum based on reflected light reflected by a target object, and an electronic device that receives the measured reflection spectrum
- An object state detection and transmission system comprising a server device connected to the spectroscopic terminal device via a communication line,
- the electronic device is Photographing means for photographing a target object and obtaining a photographed image; GPS means for measuring the position of the target object; Sensor means for measuring the orientation and angle of the target object; Clocking means for clocking the time of photographing and measurement; Communication means for transmitting the captured image, the position of the target object, the azimuth and angle of the target object, and the time of the imaging and measurement together with the received reflection spectrum to a server device;
- the electronic device is (1) Acquire direction and angle information specifying the incident direction of the sun by the sensor means; (2) Position information necessary for deriving the sun angle by the GPS means and time information by the time measuring means
- the target object is a plant, an animal, a farm product, a medical product, a mineral, or a food.
- the electronic device is a smartphone.
- the photographing unit is mounted on a satellite instead of the electronic device, and the satellite wirelessly transmits the photographed image to the server device.
- a spectroscopic terminal device is a spectroscopic device that integrally includes a spectroscope that measures a reflection spectrum based on reflected light reflected by a target object, and an electronic device that receives the measured reflection spectrum.
- the electronic device is Photographing means for photographing a target object and obtaining a photographed image; GPS means for measuring the position of the target object; Sensor means for measuring the orientation and angle of the target object; Clocking means for clocking the time of photographing and measurement; Communication for transmitting the captured image, the position of the target object, the azimuth and angle of the target object, and the time of shooting and measurement together with the received reflection spectrum to a server device connected to the spectroscopic terminal device via a communication line Means and
- the electronic device is (1) Acquire direction and angle information specifying the incident direction of the sun by the sensor means; (2) Position information necessary for deriving the sun angle by the GPS means and time information by the time measuring means are acquired, (3)
- the captured image data acquired by the imaging unit is associated with the time acquired by the timing unit, (4) Collecting reflection spectrum data from a plurality of azimuths and angles with respect to the target object by simultaneously measuring the sun angle at the time of measurement and the incident direction of the sun, (5) Obtaining the collected reflection spectrum data as
- the target object is a plant, animal, agricultural product, medical product, mineral, or food.
- the electronic device is a smartphone.
- the photographing unit is mounted on a satellite instead of the electronic device, and the satellite wirelessly transmits the photographed image to the server device.
- a method for controlling an electronic device comprising: a spectroscope that measures a reflection spectrum based on reflected light reflected by a target object; and an electronic device that receives the measured reflection spectrum.
- An electronic device control method for a spectroscopic terminal device is Photographing means for photographing a target object and obtaining a photographed image; GPS means for measuring the position of the target object; Sensor means for measuring the orientation and angle of the target object; Clocking means for clocking the time of photographing and measurement; Communication for transmitting the captured image, the position of the target object, the azimuth and angle of the target object, and the time of shooting and measurement together with the received reflection spectrum to a server device connected to the spectroscopic terminal device via a communication line Means and
- the control method is: Controlling the photographing means to photograph a target object and obtain a photographed image; Controlling the GPS means to measure the position of the target object; Controlling the sensor means to measure the orientation and angle of the target object; A server in which the communication means is connected to the spectroscopic terminal device via a communication line together with the received reflection spectrum, the captured image, the position of the target object, the azimuth and angle of the target object, and the time of the imaging and measurement.
- the control method further includes: (1) Acquire direction and angle information specifying the incident direction of the sun by the sensor means; (2) Position information necessary for deriving the sun angle by the GPS means and time information by the time measuring means are acquired, (3) The captured image data acquired by the imaging unit is associated with the time acquired by the timing unit, (4) Collecting reflection spectrum data from a plurality of azimuths and angles with respect to the target object by simultaneously measuring the sun angle at the time of measurement and the incident direction of the sun, (5) Obtaining the collected reflection spectrum data as measurement data of a predetermined bidirectional reflectance distribution function, (6) The collected reflection spectrum data is converted into reflection spectrum data to a desired azimuth and angle by using the bidirectional reflectance distribution function, thereby performing classification processing of the type and state of the target object. It is characterized by including.
- a control program according to a fourth invention includes the steps of the control method executed by the electronic device.
- a computer-readable recording medium stores the control program.
- a server device is a server device for the object state detection transmission system, After receiving the captured image, the position of the target object, the orientation and angle of the target object, the time of the shooting and measurement, and the reflection spectrum transmitted from the electronic device, the type and determination processing of the target object It is characterized by performing.
- the server device is a terminal device connected to the communication line.
- the type and state of the target object are automatically and easily determined in association with the incidental information based on the reflection spectrum of sunlight reflected by the target object. can do.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an arrangement relationship between the spectroscopic terminal device 1 and a white reflecting plate 4 when an incident spectrum and a reflection spectrum are measured in the spectroscopic terminal device 1 of FIG.
- FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an arrangement relationship between the spectroscopic terminal device 1 and a white reflecting plate 4 when an incident spectrum and a reflection spectrum are measured in the spectroscopic terminal device 1 of FIG.
- It is a flowchart which shows the plant state detection transmission process performed with the smart phone 10 of FIG.
- It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the example of a measurement which measures direction (theta) of the spectral terminal device 1 of FIG.
- It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the example of a measurement which measures angle (phi) of the spectral terminal device 1 of FIG. 6 is a graph showing a measurement example of a reflection spectrum when the direction ⁇ in FIG. 5 is used as a parameter. It is an external appearance perspective view which shows the example of a reflection spectrum measurement with respect to a time change using the spectral terminal device 1 of FIG. 1 when the sun 6 moves. It is a graph which shows the example of a measurement of a reflection spectrum when the time of FIG. 8 is made into a parameter. It is a photographic image which shows the picked-up image of the object plant which shows an example of the plant growth under lead contamination.
- FIG. 4 is an external perspective view showing an example of organic coupling and complementary use of an image photographed by a satellite 8, data obtained by the spectroscopic terminal device 1, and data obtained by the spectroscopic terminal device 1 mounted on the drone 7.
- FIG. . It is a perspective view for demonstrating the difference between the measurement example of a prior art example, and the measurement example concerning embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the example of a measurement which moves spectroscopic terminal device 1 using straight rail LL1, and measures azimuth ⁇ . It is a perspective view which shows the example of a measurement which moves spectroscopic terminal device 1 using curve rail LL2, and measures azimuth ⁇ .
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a plant state detection transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the plant state detection and transmission system includes a spectroscopic terminal device 1 and a server device 3 that are connected to and integrated with each other via a mobile communication network 2.
- the spectroscopic terminal device 1 is provided with the smart phone 10 and the spectroscope 20 which are provided in the device casing 1A and connected by the USB cable 18C.
- the spectroscope 20 measures the incident spectrum, which is a reference spectrum, by receiving sunlight directly from the sun (however, actually reflected by the white reflector 4 as shown in FIG. 3) through the slit 1S.
- the reflection spectrum which is a measurement spectrum, is transmitted to the smart phone 10 by receiving the reflected light reflected from the sun through the slit 1S through the slit 1S.
- the smart phone 10 executes the plant state detection transmission process of FIG. 4 to appropriately set the S / N ratio and the exposure value based on the incident spectrum, and then receives the reflection spectrum and captures the captured image of the target plant 5.
- Photographed through the opening 1H Photographed through the opening 1H, these captured image data and reflection spectrum, the current position, the direction ⁇ based on geomagnetism (geomagnetic direction based on true north using a geomagnetic sensor), the tilt angle ⁇ with respect to the horizontal plane, After being stored in association with incidental information including the measurement time, it is transmitted to the server device 3 via the mobile communication network 2.
- the server device 3 receives these data, and executes a process for determining the type and state of the target plant 5 as will be described in detail later.
- the spectroscopic terminal device 1 includes a rotation holding unit 40 that rotatably holds the spectroscopic terminal device 1, and a moving unit that moves the spectroscopic terminal device 1 and the rotation holding unit 40 in a straight line or a curve. 30.
- FIG. 16 is a perspective view showing a measurement example in which the spectral terminal device 1 is moved using the straight rail LL1 to measure the azimuth ⁇ .
- FIG. 16 illustrates an example of a moving unit 30A that can change the azimuth ⁇ by moving the spectroscopic terminal device 1 along a straight rail LL1 provided on the ground, for example.
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view showing a measurement example in which the spectral terminal device 1 is moved using the curved rail LL2 to measure the azimuth ⁇ .
- FIG. 16 shows an example of a moving unit 30B that can change the azimuth ⁇ by moving the spectroscopic terminal device 1 along a curved rail LL2 provided so that the ground or both ends are fixed on the ground, for example.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration example of the smart phone 10 and the spectroscope 20 of FIG.
- the spectrometer 20 includes the following components connected via a bus 20B.
- CPU 21 Controls the operation of the spectroscope 20.
- ROM 22 Stores an operating program (OS) executed by the CPU 21, application programs, and data necessary for executing them.
- RAM 23 Temporarily stores data to be calculated and measured when the program is executed.
- Operation unit 24 includes a keyboard and the like for the measurer to set the operation of the spectrometer 20.
- Display unit 25 Displays measurement data such as a spectrum measured when the spectrometer 20 is operated.
- Spectrometer function unit 26 Controlled by the CPU 21, measures an incident spectrum based on incident light, measures a reflection spectrum based on reflected light, and outputs measurement result data.
- USB interface (USB I / F) 27 Transmits the incident spectrum and reflection spectrum data measured by the spectroscope function unit 26 to the smartphone 10 via the USB cable 18C and the USB interface 18.
- the smart phone 10 is provided with the following components connected via the bus 10B.
- CPU 11 includes a clock circuit that controls the operation of the smart phone 10 and counts the current time.
- ROM 12 Stores an operating program (OS) executed by the CPU 11, application programs, and data necessary to execute them.
- RAM 13 Temporarily stores data to be calculated and measured when the program is executed.
- SSD 14 Temporarily stores application programs executed by the CPU 11, data necessary to execute them, and data to be calculated and measured.
- Operation unit 15 includes a keyboard or the like for the measurer to set the operation of the smartphone 10.
- Display unit 16 Displays measurement data such as a spectrum measured when the smart phone 10 operates, imaging data, operation buttons, and the like.
- the operation button is, for example, a touch panel on the display unit 16 and includes a state detection button (turned on when the white reflector 4 is placed) used in the plant state detection transmission process of FIG. And operates as the operation unit 15.
- Shooting camera 17A Shoots the target plant 5 and outputs captured image data.
- GPS communication unit 17B The local position of the smart phone 10 is measured and output using a known GPS system.
- Magnetic and acceleration sensor 17C The azimuth ⁇ is measured by the magnetic sensor, the inclination angle ⁇ is measured by the acceleration sensor, and data of the measurement result is output.
- USB interface (USB I / F) 18 The incident spectrum and reflection spectrum data measured by the spectroscope function unit 26 are received via the USB cable 18C and output to the CPU 112.
- Wireless communication unit 19 Modulates a radio signal from captured image data and reflection spectrum according to data associated with current position, azimuth ⁇ based on geomagnetism, tilt angle ⁇ with respect to a horizontal plane, and incidental information including measurement time Then, the modulated radio signal is wirelessly transmitted to the server device 3 via the mobile communication network 2 using the antenna 19A.
- FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an arrangement relationship between the spectral terminal device 1 and the white reflector 4 when the incident spectrum and the reflection spectrum are measured in the spectral terminal device 1 of FIG. .
- the smart phone 10 and the spectroscope 20 are integrated and accommodated in the apparatus housing 1 ⁇ / b> A to constitute the spectroscopic terminal apparatus 1.
- a slit 1S and an opening 1H are formed on the side surface of the device casing 1A of the spectroscopic terminal device 1, a slit 1S and an opening 1H are formed.
- an opening 1C is formed in the apparatus housing 1A between the spectroscope 20 and the smart phone 10, and a reflector 1m that reflects photographing light through the opening 1H is provided directly below the opening 1C.
- the measurer places the white reflector 4 as shown in FIG. 3 so that the sunlight is reflected by the reflective surface 4m of the white reflector 4 and then passes through the slit 1S. The light is incident on the light receiving unit of the spectroscope function unit 26, and the incident spectrum is measured.
- the measurer When measuring the reflection spectrum, the measurer removes the white reflector 4 and the reflected sunlight (photographing light) reflected by the target plant 5 passes through the slit 1S through the slit 1S. The light is incident on the light receiving unit and the reflection spectrum is measured. The reflected sunlight (photographing light) is reflected by the reflecting plate 1m through the opening 1H and then received by the photographing camera 17A through the opening 1C, and a photographed image of the target plant 5 is photographed.
- the reflected sunlight photographing light
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a plant state detection transmission process executed by the smart phone 10 of FIG.
- the following plant state detection and transmission processing program can be formed as an application program of the smart phone 10, for example, and can be read by a computer such as a CD-ROM or DVD-ROM via a communication line. It can be provided by being stored in a recording medium.
- step S1 of FIG. 4 the measurer places the white reflector 4 and in step S2, it is determined whether or not the state detection button is turned on.
- step S3 the process proceeds to step S3, and when NO, the process returns to step S2.
- step S3 the spectroscope 20 detects the sunlight reflected by the white reflector 4, and sets the exposure time and the exposure gain based on the detected sunlight.
- step S4 the smartphone 10 captures the target plant 5 using the capturing camera 17A, captures a captured image (including a spectroscope measurement range frame), and displays the captured image on the display unit 16 in real time.
- step S5 the measurer fixes the smartphone 10 so that the target plant 5 is included in the spectroscope measurement range frame, and in step S6, it is determined whether or not the spectrum measurement button is turned on.
- step S7 the process proceeds to step S7, and when NO, the process returns to step S6.
- step S7 the spectroscope 20 receives sunlight, measures the incident spectrum based on the sunlight, and sends it to the smartphone 10. Based on the measured incident spectrum, an S / N ratio and exposure saturation are calculated by a known method.
- the smart phone 10 temporarily stores the incident spectrum in the SSD 14 in association with the incidental information of the position, angle, direction, and time at this time.
- step S8 it is determined whether or not the S / N ratio measured in step S8 is larger than a predetermined S / N ratio threshold value. If YES, the process proceeds to step S9. If NO, the process proceeds to step S10. . Further, it is determined whether or not the exposure saturation measured in step S9 is larger than a predetermined exposure saturation limit value. If YES, the process proceeds to step S11. If NO, the process proceeds to step S10. In step S10, the exposure time and the exposure gain are changed and reset, and then the process returns to step S4.
- step S11 the measurer removes the white reflector 4, and in step S12, it is determined whether or not the photographing button is turned on. If YES, the process proceeds to step S13. If NO, the process returns to step S12.
- step S13 the spectroscope 20 detects the reflection spectrum and sends it to the smart phone 10, and the smart phone 10 images the target plant 5, and the plant state information (including the captured image, the reflection spectrum, and its accompanying information) ( Hereinafter, the plant state information is stored in the SSD 14. Furthermore, in step S15, the smart phone 10 transmits the plant state information to the server device 3 via the mobile communication network 2, and ends the plant state detection transmission process.
- the server device 3 executes the following “plant type and state determination process” using a known method based on the received plant state information, and stores the result in the storage device in the server device 3. And is returned to the smart phone 10 and displayed on the display unit 16.
- Plant type discrimination processing see, for example, Patent Documents 3 and 6 and Non-Patent Documents 3, 5, 8, and 9
- Plant health condition discrimination processing see, for example, Patent Documents 1, 2, 4, and 5 and Non-Patent Documents 5, 6, 8, and 9
- Plant pathogen discrimination processing see, for example, non-patent documents 5, 8, and 9
- Plant growth stage discrimination processing see, for example, Patent Documents 1, 2, 4, and 5 and Non-Patent Documents 5, 7, 8, and 9)
- Plant contamination state determination processing see, for example, non-patent documents 5, 8, and 9) (for example, Pb contamination amount)
- Discrimination processing of CO 2 absorption amount of plants for example, see Non-Patent Documents 5, 8, 9, 10.
- FIG. 5 is an external perspective view showing a measurement example for measuring the orientation ⁇ of the spectral terminal device 1 of FIG.
- the azimuth ⁇ (geomagnetic direction based on true north using a geomagnetic sensor) at each position around the target plant 5 can be measured by the geomagnetic sensor in the magnetism and acceleration sensor 17C. .
- FIG. 6 is an external perspective view showing a measurement example for measuring the tilt angle ⁇ of the spectral terminal device 1 of FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the inclination angle ⁇ with respect to the horizontal plane around the target plant 5 can be measured.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing a measurement example of a reflection spectrum when the direction ⁇ in FIG. 5 is used as a parameter. As shown in FIG. 7, it can be seen that the reflection spectrum of the plant changes depending on the orientation ⁇ . In particular, the reflection spectrum can identify the azimuth ⁇ particularly in the wavelength range of 500 to 650 nm and 700 to 820 nm.
- FIG. 8 is an external perspective view showing a reflection spectrum measurement example with respect to time change using the spectral terminal device 1 of FIG. 1 when the sun 6 moves
- FIG. 9 is a time when the time of FIG. 8 is used as a parameter. It is a graph which shows the example of a measurement of a reflection spectrum.
- the reflection spectrum identifies azimuths of sunlight in the wavelength range of 500 to 650 nm and 750 to 850 nm, for example, at the position of 2 pm and 4 pm of the sun. be able to.
- FIG. 10A is a photographic image showing a photographed image of a target plant showing an example of plant growth under lead contamination
- FIG. 10B is an example of plant growth under lead contamination
- FIG. 10C is a graph showing a measurement example of a reflection spectrum when the lead content in FIG. 10B is used as a parameter.
- the amount of lead contamination can be identified in the reflection spectrum particularly in the wavelength range of 500 to 650 nm and 730 to 1000 nm.
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a usage image of the camera function of the smart phone 10 in the plant state detection transmission system of FIG.
- the spectral terminal device 1 including the smartphone 10 transmits captured image data with supplementary information to the server device 3, while the reflection spectrum measured by the spectroscope 20 is transmitted to the server via the smartphone 10.
- the server device 3 can execute a “plant type and state determination process”.
- FIG. 12A is an external perspective view showing a measurement example of measuring the azimuth ⁇ of the spectral terminal device 1 of FIG. 1, and FIG. 12B is a graph showing a measurement example of the reflection spectrum when the azimuth ⁇ of FIG. 12A is used as a parameter.
- the reflection spectrum can be distinguished by changing in the range of 500 to 650 nm and 670 to 850 nm depending on the orientation ⁇ .
- FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing an application example when the spectral terminal device 1 is mounted on the drone 7.
- the incident angle Ai from the sun 6 to the target plant 5 is constant, but the emission angles Ao1 and Ao2 are changed by moving the spectral terminal device 1 using the drone 7 provided with the spectral terminal device 1.
- the reflection spectrum can be measured.
- FIG. 14 is an external perspective view showing an example of organic coupling and complementary use of an image taken by the satellite 8, data obtained by the spectral terminal device 1, and data obtained by the spectral terminal device 1 mounted on the drone 7.
- FIG. 14 a captured image of the target plant 5 is captured by the satellite 8, the plant state information of the target plant 5 is measured by the spectral terminal device 1 of the drone 7 and the other spectral terminal device 1, and the server device 3 is measured. By transmitting, all plant state information can be collected and the “plant type and state determination process” can be executed.
- the azimuth ⁇ and the angle ⁇ recorded in association with the reflection spectrum are acquired by the magnetic and acceleration sensor 17C mounted on the smartphone 10, and the position is determined by GPS communication mounted on the smartphone 10. Obtained by the unit 17B.
- the photographing camera function and time which are standard on the smartphone 10, are also associated.
- BDRF bidirectional reflectance distribution function
- BRDF Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function
- the incident light is reflected on the object surface, and it is not considered that the incident light is incident on the inside of the object.
- the position x is ignored and the BRDF is f r ( ⁇ i , ⁇ r ).
- the satellite image since the satellite image is originally measured near the ground from directly above, it can be converted and compared to the reflection spectrum obtained from the satellite image.
- the photographing camera 17A mounted on the smart phone 10 is indispensable for confirming the spectrum measurement region. By photographing and tagging in association with the spectrum, information such as type discrimination and color is known in real space. be able to. Further, since the spectroscope 20 and the smart phone 10 are integrated, the simultaneous measurement can be performed, and it is meaningless if the smart phone 10 and the spectroscope 20 are separated.
- FIG. 15 is a perspective view for explaining the difference between the measurement example of the conventional example and the measurement example according to the embodiment.
- an orbiting satellite S1 orbiting the orbit L1 is used to measure the state of an object such as a plant state in a strip-shaped region A1 having a predetermined width.
- the number of times of measurement and the measurement area are enormous because it is necessary to execute a plurality of times in units of the area A1 within a desired area on the earth surface.
- an object such as a state of a plant is sequentially formed in the regions A2, A3, and A4 having a predetermined area by using the orbiting satellite S2 that orbits the orbit L2 and has the rotation holding unit 40.
- the desired state can be obtained. Data can be measured with significantly reduced time costs and processing costs compared to conventional examples.
- an electronic device such as a smartphone 1, (1) Acquire direction and angle information for specifying the incident direction of the sun by sensor means such as a magnetic and acceleration sensor, (2) Position information necessary for deriving the sun angle by GPS means such as the GPS communication unit 17B and time information by the time measuring means, (3) Associating the captured image data acquired by the imaging means such as the imaging camera 17A with the time acquired by the time measuring means, (4) Collecting reflection spectrum data from a plurality of azimuths and angles with respect to the target object by simultaneously measuring the sun angle at the time of measurement and the incident direction of the sun, (5) Obtaining the collected reflection spectrum data as measurement data of the above-described bidirectional reflectance distribution function, (6) The collected reflection spectrum data is converted into reflection spectrum data to a desired azimuth and angle by using the bidirectional reflectance distribution function, thereby performing classification processing of the type and state of the target object.
- the type and state of the target object are automatically associated with the incidental information based on the reflection spectrum of sunlight reflected by the target object such as a plant. And easily discriminating.
- the plant state detection and transmission system according to the present embodiment is the same as the prior art in that it is a small spectroscope 20, but has the following features of the invention.
- the acquired spectrum information is tagged with both the photograph of the object photographed using the photographing camera 17A attached to the smartphone 10 and the position information of the GPS communication unit 17B.
- the small spectroscope 20 can measure the entire wavelength range of 380 to 1050 nm, it can inevitably be multifunctional.
- the reflection spectra of all objects on the earth such as animals and plants, agricultural products, medical products, minerals, foods, etc. can be uploaded to an external database such as the server device 3 with the above-mentioned angle orientation information being tagged.
- the smartphone 10 can grasp information limited to the reflection spectral spectrum measurement from one place on the ground from the sky.
- the measurement angle and azimuth information using the magnetic and acceleration sensor 17C, and the linkage between the position information by the GPS communication unit 17B and the normal photographing camera 17A are used to interpret the reflection spectrum using sunlight outdoors. This is unique measurement data.
- the plant type and state are automatically associated with the incidental information based on the reflection spectrum of sunlight reflected by the plant, and It can be easily distinguished.
- the plant state data is transmitted using the mobile communication network 2, but the present invention is not limited to this and is transmitted using a communication line such as another wireless communication network or a wired communication network. May be.
- the smart phone 10 is used.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and an electronic device such as a personal computer or a mobile phone may be used.
- the smart phone 10 and the spectroscope 20 are connected using the USB interfaces 18 and 27.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and may be connected using another communication interface. .
- the processing for discriminating the type and state of the plant is executed by the server device 3, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be performed by another terminal device such as the smart phone 10 or a personal computer. Good.
- the server device 3 collects various data and executes the type and state determination processing of the target plant 5.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the server device 3 is connected to the mobile communication network 2. It may be executed by a terminal device such as an electronic device (including the smart phone 10).
- the classification processing of the type and state of the target plant 5 is executed, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the target is not limited to plants, but animals, crops, medical products, minerals Or any object on the earth, such as food.
- the type and state determination process of the target object can be performed based on the reflection spectrum.
- the type and state of the target object are associated with the incidental information based on the reflection spectrum of sunlight reflected by the target object such as a plant.
- the target object such as a plant.
- it can be automatically and easily determined.
- 1 Spectroscopic terminal device 1A ... device housing, 1C, 1H ... opening, 1S ... Slit, 2 Mobile communication network 3 ... Server device, 4 ... White reflector, 4m ... reflective surface, 5 ... Target plant, 6 ... the sun, 7... Drone, 8 ... Satellite, 10 ... Smartphone, 10B ... Bus 11 ... CPU, 12 ... ROM, 13 ... RAM, 14 ... SSD, 15 ... operation part, 16 ... display part, 17A ... Photography camera, 17B ... GPS communication unit, 17C: Magnetic and acceleration sensor, 18 ... USB interface (USB I / F), 18C USB cable, 19 ... wireless communication part, 19A ... Antenna, 20 ... Spectroscope, 20B ...
- Bus 21 ... CPU, 22 ... ROM, 23 ... RAM, 24 ... operation unit, 25 ... display section, 26.
- Spectrometer function section, 27 ... USB interface (USB I / F), 30, 30A, 30B ... moving part, 40 ... rotation holding part, 100 ... Horizon, A1 to A4 ... measurement area, L1, L2 orbit, LL1, LL2 ... Rail, S1, S2 ... Orbiting satellites.
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Abstract
Description
対象物体で反射された反射光に基づいて反射スペクトルを測定する分光器と、前記測定された反射スペクトルを受信する電子機器とを一体的に備えた分光端末装置と、
前記分光端末装置に通信回線を介して接続されたサーバ装置とを備えた物体状態検出伝送システムであって、
前記電子機器は、
対象物体を撮影して撮影画像を得る撮影手段と、
前記対象物体の位置を測定するGPS手段と、
前記対象物体の方位及び角度を測定するセンサ手段と、
前記撮影及び測定の時刻を計時する計時手段と、
前記撮影画像、前記対象物体の位置、前記対象物体の方位及び角度及び前記撮影及び測定の時刻を前記受信した反射スペクトルとともにサーバ装置に送信する通信手段とを備え、
前記電子機器は、
(1)前記センサ手段により太陽の入射方位を特定する方位及び角度の情報を取得し、
(2)前記GPS手段により太陽角度の導出に必要な位置情報と前記計時手段により時刻情報を取得し、
(3)前記撮影手段で取得した撮影画像データを前記計時手段で取得した時刻に関連づけ、
(4)測定時の前記太陽角度と前記太陽の入射方位を同時に測定することで、対象物体に対して複数の方位及び角度からの反射スペクトルデータを収集し、
(5)当該収集した反射スペクトルデータを、所定の双方向反射率分布関数の測定データとして取得して、
(6)当該収集した反射スペクトルデータを、前記双方向反射率分布関数を用いて、所望の方位及び角度への反射スペクトルデータに変換することで、対象物体の種別及び状態の判別処理を行うことを特徴とする。
前記電子機器は、
対象物体を撮影して撮影画像を得る撮影手段と、
前記対象物体の位置を測定するGPS手段と、
前記対象物体の方位及び角度を測定するセンサ手段と、
前記撮影及び測定の時刻を計時する計時手段と、
前記撮影画像、前記対象物体の位置、前記対象物体の方位及び角度及び前記撮影及び測定の時刻を前記受信した反射スペクトルとともに前記分光端末装置に通信回線を介して接続されたサーバ装置に送信する通信手段とを備え、
前記電子機器は、
(1)前記センサ手段により太陽の入射方位を特定する方位及び角度の情報を取得し、
(2)前記GPS手段により太陽角度の導出に必要な位置情報と前記計時手段により時刻情報を取得し、
(3)前記撮影手段で取得した撮影画像データを前記計時手段で取得した時刻に関連づけ、
(4)測定時の前記太陽角度と前記太陽の入射方位を同時に測定することで、対象物体に対して複数の方位及び角度からの反射スペクトルデータを収集し、
(5)当該収集した反射スペクトルデータを、所定の双方向反射率分布関数の測定データとして取得して、
(6)当該収集した反射スペクトルデータを、前記双方向反射率分布関数を用いて、所望の方位及び角度への反射スペクトルデータに変換することで、対象物体の種別及び状態の判別処理を行うことを特徴とする。
前記電子機器は、
対象物体を撮影して撮影画像を得る撮影手段と、
前記対象物体の位置を測定するGPS手段と、
前記対象物体の方位及び角度を測定するセンサ手段と、
前記撮影及び測定の時刻を計時する計時手段と、
前記撮影画像、前記対象物体の位置、前記対象物体の方位及び角度及び前記撮影及び測定の時刻を前記受信した反射スペクトルとともに前記分光端末装置に通信回線を介して接続されたサーバ装置に送信する通信手段とを備え、
前記制御方法は、
前記撮影手段が、対象物体を撮影して撮影画像を得るように制御することと、
前記GPS手段が、前記対象物体の位置を測定するように制御することと、
前記センサ手段が、前記対象物体の方位及び角度を測定するように制御することと、
前記通信手段が、前記撮影画像、前記対象物体の位置、前記対象物体の方位及び角度及び前記撮影及び測定の時刻を前記受信した反射スペクトルとともに前記分光端末装置に通信回線を介して接続されたサーバ装置に送信するように制御することとを含み、
前記制御方法はさらに、
(1)前記センサ手段により太陽の入射方位を特定する方位及び角度の情報を取得し、
(2)前記GPS手段により太陽角度の導出に必要な位置情報と前記計時手段により時刻情報を取得し、
(3)前記撮影手段で取得した撮影画像データを前記計時手段で取得した時刻に関連づけ、
(4)測定時の前記太陽角度と前記太陽の入射方位を同時に測定することで、対象物体に対して複数の方位及び角度からの反射スペクトルデータを収集し、
(5)当該収集した反射スペクトルデータを、所定の双方向反射率分布関数の測定データとして取得して、
(6)当該収集した反射スペクトルデータを、前記双方向反射率分布関数を用いて、所望の方位及び角度への反射スペクトルデータに変換することで、対象物体の種別及び状態の判別処理を行うことを含むことを特徴とする。
前記電子機器から送信された、前記撮影画像、前記対象物体の位置、前記対象物体の方位及び角度及び前記撮影及び測定の時刻、並びに前記反射スペクトルを受信した後、前記対象物体の種別及び判定処理を実行することを特徴とする。
(1)CPU21:分光器20の動作を制御する。
(2)ROM22:CPU21が実行するオペレーティングプログラム(OS)、アプリケーションプログラム及びそれらを実行するために必要なデータを格納する。
(3)RAM23:前記プログラムを実行するときに演算、測定等されるデータを一時的に格納する。
(4)操作部24:測定者が分光器20の動作を設定するためのキーボード等を含む。
(5)表示部25:分光器20が動作したときに測定されるスペクトル等の測定データ等を表示する。
(6)分光器機能部26:CPU21により制御され、入射光に基づいて入射スペクトルを測定し、反射光に基づいて反射スペクトルを測定して測定結果のデータを出力する。
(7)USBインターフェース(USB I/F)27:分光器機能部26により測定された入射スペクトル及び反射スペクトルのデータをUSBケーブル18C及びUSBインターフェース18を介してスマートホン10に送信する。
(1)CPU11:スマートホン10の動作を制御し、現在時刻を計時するクロック回路を含む。
(2)ROM12:CPU11が実行するオペレーティングプログラム(OS)、アプリケーションプログラム及びそれらを実行するために必要なデータを格納する。
(3)RAM13:前記プログラムを実行するときに演算、測定等されるデータを一時的に格納する。
(4)SSD14:CPU11が実行するアプリケーションプログラム及びそれらを実行するために必要なデータ、また演算、測定等されるデータを一時的に格納する。
(5)操作部15:測定者がスマートホン10の動作を設定するためのキーボード等を含む。
(6)表示部16:スマートホン10が動作したときに測定されるスペクトル等の測定データ、撮影データ、操作ボタン等を表示する。当該操作ボタンは例えば表示部16上のタッチパネルであって、図4の植物状態検出伝送処理で用いる状態検出ボタン(白色反射板4を載置したときにオンする)、スペクトル測定ボタン、撮影ボタンなどを含み、操作部15として動作する。
(7)撮影カメラ17A:対象植物5を撮影して撮影画像のデータを出力する。
(8)GPS通信部17B:スマートホン10の現地位置を公知のGPSシステムを用いて測定して出力する。
(9)磁気及び加速度センサ17C:磁気センサにより方位θを測定し、加速度センサにより傾斜角度φを測定して、測定結果のデータを出力する。
(10)USBインターフェース(USB I/F)18:分光器機能部26により測定された入射スペクトル及び反射スペクトルのデータをUSBケーブル18Cを介して受信してCPU112出力する。
(11)無線通信部19:撮影画像データ及び反射スペクトルを、現在位置、地磁気に基づく方位θ、水平面に対する傾斜角度φと、測定時刻を含む付帯情報と対応づけたデータに従って無線信号を変調して、変調された無線信号をアンテナ19Aを用いて、移動体通信ネットワーク2を介してサーバ装置3に無線送信する。
(1)入射スペクトルを測定するとき、測定者は白色反射板4を図3のごとく載置することで、太陽光は白色反射板4の反射面4mで反射された後、スリット1Sを介して分光器機能部26の受光部に入射され、入射スペクトルが測定される。
(2)反射スペクトルを測定するとき、測定者は白色反射板4を除去して、対象植物5で反射された太陽光の反射光(撮影光)はスリット1Sを介して分光器機能部26の受光部に入射され、反射スペクトルが測定される。また、太陽光の反射光(撮影光)は開孔1Hを介して、反射板1mで反射された後、開孔1Cを介して撮影カメラ17Aに受光され、対象植物5の撮影画像が撮影される。
(2)植物の健康状態の判別処理(例えば、特許文献1,2,4,5及び非特許文献5,6,8,9参照)
(3)植物の病原虫の判別処理(例えば、非特許文献5,8,9参照)
(4)植物の育成段階の判別処理(例えば、特許文献1,2,4,5及び非特許文献5,7,8,9参照)
(5)植物の汚染状態の判別処理(例えば、非特許文献5,8,9参照)(例えばPb汚染量など)
(6)植物のCO2吸収量の判別処理(例えば、非特許文献5,8,9,10参照)
(1)磁気及び加速度センサなどのセンサ手段により太陽の入射方位を特定する方位及び角度の情報を取得し、
(2)GPS通信部17BなどのGPS手段により太陽角度の導出に必要な位置情報と前記計時手段により時刻情報を取得し、
(3)撮影カメラ17A等の撮影手段で取得した撮影画像データを前記計時手段で取得した時刻に関連づけ、
(4)測定時の前記太陽角度と前記太陽の入射方位を同時に測定することで、対象物体に対して複数の方位及び角度からの反射スペクトルデータを収集し、
(5)当該収集した反射スペクトルデータを、上述の双方向反射率分布関数の測定データとして取得して、
(6)当該収集した反射スペクトルデータを、前記双方向反射率分布関数を用いて、所望の方位及び角度への反射スペクトルデータに変換することで、対象物体の種別及び状態の判別処理を行うことを特徴としている。
これにより、本発明に係る物体状態検出伝送システムによれば、例えば植物などの対象物体で反射された太陽光の反射スペクトルに基づいて対象物体の種類及び状態を前記付帯情報に対応づけて自動的にかつ容易に判別することができる。
本実施形態に係る植物状態検出伝送システムは、小型分光器20である点は従来技術と変わらないが以下の発明の特徴を有する。
(1)380-1050nmの多波長でスペクトル測定することで可視光から近赤外光までの波長範囲をカバーしつつ、かつ、スマートホン10に付属の磁気及び加速度センサ17Cを利用した測定角度、方位情報、GPS通信部17Bの位置情報を有機的に紐付けされたスペクトル情報を取得することができる。
(2)取得されたスペクトル情報は、前記の角度方位情報に加えて、スマートホン10に付属の撮影カメラ17Aを利用して撮影された対象物の写真とGPS通信部17Bの位置情報ともにタグ付けをされて、サーバ装置3などの外部データベースに保存される。
(3)本実施形態に係る小型分光器20では、380~1050nmの波長範囲をすべて測定できることから、必然的に多機能となりうる。動植物、農作物、医療物、鉱物、食品など、地球上のすべての物体の反射スペクトルを前記の角度方位情報をタグを付けて、サーバ装置3などの外部データベースにアップロードできる。これは、特に屋外で日光の入射角と物体の向きの関係を特定できる点において不可欠な情報であり、この情報を記録できる点は極めて大きな効果を奏する。測定者の希望に応じて測定スペクトルを加工し、農作物の成長度、収穫時期のみならず、屋外での動植物の健康度を簡易的に把握できるサービスをも展開できる。
(4)さらに上述のシステムをドローン7と連携させることで、スマートホン10では地上1カ所からの反射分光スペクトル測定に限られていた情報を上空から把握することが可能となる。その際、磁気及び加速度センサ17Cを利用した測定角度、方位情報、さらにGPS通信部17Bによる位置情報と通常の撮影カメラ17Aとの連携は、屋外で太陽光を利用した反射スペクトルの解釈には、唯一無二の測定データとなる。
以上の実施形態においては、移動体通信ネットワーク2を用いて植物状態データを伝送しているが、本発明はこれに限らず、その他の無線通信ネットワーク又は有線通信ネットワークなどの通信回線を用いて伝送してもよい。
1A…装置筐体、
1C,1H…開孔、
1S…スリット、
2…移動体通信ネットワーク、
3…サーバ装置、
4…白色反射板、
4m…反射面、
5…対象植物、
6…太陽、
7…ドローン、
8…衛星、
10…スマートホン、
10B…バス、
11…CPU、
12…ROM、
13…RAM、
14…SSD、
15…操作部、
16…表示部、
17A…撮影カメラ、
17B…GPS通信部、
17C…磁気及び加速度センサ、
18…USBインターフェース(USB I/F)、
18C…USBケーブル、
19…無線通信部、
19A…アンテナ、
20…分光器、
20B…バス、
21…CPU、
22…ROM、
23…RAM、
24…操作部、
25…表示部、
26…分光器機能部、
27…USBインターフェース(USB I/F)、
30,30A,30B…移動部、
40…回転保持部、
100…地平線、
A1~A4…測定領域、
L1,L2 周回軌道、
LL1,LL2…レール、
S1,S2…周回衛星。
Claims (13)
- 対象物体で反射された反射光に基づいて反射スペクトルを測定する分光器と、前記測定された反射スペクトルを受信する電子機器とを一体的に備えた分光端末装置と、
前記分光端末装置に通信回線を介して接続されたサーバ装置とを備えた物体状態検出伝送システムであって、
前記電子機器は、
対象物体を撮影して撮影画像を得る撮影手段と、
前記対象物体の位置を測定するGPS手段と、
前記対象物体の方位及び角度を測定するセンサ手段と、
前記撮影及び測定の時刻を計時する計時手段と、
前記撮影画像、前記対象物体の位置、前記対象物体の方位及び角度及び前記撮影及び測定の時刻を前記受信した反射スペクトルとともにサーバ装置に送信する通信手段とを備え、
前記電子機器は、
(1)前記センサ手段により太陽の入射方位を特定する方位及び角度の情報を取得し、
(2)前記GPS手段により太陽角度の導出に必要な位置情報と前記計時手段により時刻情報を取得し、
(3)前記撮影手段で取得した撮影画像データを前記計時手段で取得した時刻に関連づけ、
(4)測定時の前記太陽角度と前記太陽の入射方位を同時に測定することで、対象物体に対して複数の方位及び角度からの反射スペクトルデータを収集し、
(5)当該収集した反射スペクトルデータを、所定の双方向反射率分布関数の測定データとして取得して、
(6)当該収集した反射スペクトルデータを、前記双方向反射率分布関数を用いて、所望の方位及び角度への反射スペクトルデータに変換することで、対象物体の種別及び状態の判別処理を行うことを特徴とする物体状態検出伝送システム。 - 前記対象物体は、植物、動物、農作物、医療物、鉱物又は食品であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の物体状態検出伝送システム。
- 前記電子機器はスマートホンである請求項1又は2記載の物体状態検出伝送システム。
- 前記撮影手段は前記電子機器に代えて衛星に搭載され、前記衛星は前記撮影画像を前記サーバ装置に無線送信することを特徴とする請求項1~3のうちのいずれか1つに記載の物体状態検出伝送システム。
- 対象物体で反射された反射光に基づいて反射スペクトルを測定する分光器と、前記測定された反射スペクトルを受信する電子機器とを一体的に備えた分光端末装置であって、
前記電子機器は、
対象物体を撮影して撮影画像を得る撮影手段と、
前記対象物体の位置を測定するGPS手段と、
前記対象物体の方位及び角度を測定するセンサ手段と、
前記撮影及び測定の時刻を計時する計時手段と、
前記撮影画像、前記対象物体の位置、前記対象物体の方位及び角度及び前記撮影及び測定の時刻を前記受信した反射スペクトルとともに前記分光端末装置に通信回線を介して接続されたサーバ装置に送信する通信手段とを備え、
前記電子機器は、
(1)前記センサ手段により太陽の入射方位を特定する方位及び角度の情報を取得し、
(2)前記GPS手段により太陽角度の導出に必要な位置情報と前記計時手段により時刻情報を取得し、
(3)前記撮影手段で取得した撮影画像データを前記計時手段で取得した時刻に関連づけ、
(4)測定時の前記太陽角度と前記太陽の入射方位を同時に測定することで、対象物体に対して複数の方位及び角度からの反射スペクトルデータを収集し、
(5)当該収集した反射スペクトルデータを、所定の双方向反射率分布関数の測定データとして取得して、
(6)当該収集した反射スペクトルデータを、前記双方向反射率分布関数を用いて、所望の方位及び角度への反射スペクトルデータに変換することで、対象物体の種別及び状態の判別処理を行うことを特徴とする分光端末装置。 - 前記対象物体は、植物、動物、農作物、医療物、鉱物又は食品であることを特徴とする請求項5記載の分光端末装置。
- 前記電子機器はスマートホンである請求項5又は6記載の分光端末装置。
- 前記撮影手段は前記電子機器に代えて衛星に搭載され、前記衛星は前記撮影画像を前記サーバ装置に無線送信することを特徴とする請求項5~7のうちのいずれか1つに記載の分光端末装置。
- 対象物体で反射された反射光に基づいて反射スペクトルを測定する分光器と、前記測定された反射スペクトルを受信する電子機器とを一体的に備えた分光端末装置のための電子機器の制御方法であって、
前記電子機器は、
対象物体を撮影して撮影画像を得る撮影手段と、
前記対象物体の位置を測定するGPS手段と、
前記対象物体の方位及び角度を測定するセンサ手段と、
前記撮影及び測定の時刻を計時する計時手段と、
前記撮影画像、前記対象物体の位置、前記対象物体の方位及び角度及び前記撮影及び測定の時刻を前記受信した反射スペクトルとともに前記分光端末装置に通信回線を介して接続されたサーバ装置に送信する通信手段とを備え、
前記制御方法は、
前記撮影手段が、対象物体を撮影して撮影画像を得るように制御することと、
前記GPS手段が、前記対象物体の位置を測定するように制御することと、
前記センサ手段が、前記対象物体の方位及び角度を測定するように制御することと、
前記通信手段が、前記撮影画像、前記対象物体の位置、前記対象物体の方位及び角度及び前記撮影及び測定の時刻を前記受信した反射スペクトルとともに前記分光端末装置に通信回線を介して接続されたサーバ装置に送信するように制御することとを含み、
前記制御方法はさらに、
(1)前記センサ手段により太陽の入射方位を特定する方位及び角度の情報を取得し、
(2)前記GPS手段により太陽角度の導出に必要な位置情報と前記計時手段により時刻情報を取得し、
(3)前記撮影手段で取得した撮影画像データを前記計時手段で取得した時刻に関連づけ、
(4)測定時の前記太陽角度と前記太陽の入射方位を同時に測定することで、対象物体に対して複数の方位及び角度からの反射スペクトルデータを収集し、
(5)当該収集した反射スペクトルデータを、所定の双方向反射率分布関数の測定データとして取得して、
(6)当該収集した反射スペクトルデータを、前記双方向反射率分布関数を用いて、所望の方位及び角度への反射スペクトルデータに変換することで、対象物体の種別及び状態の判別処理を行うことを含むことを特徴とする電子機器の制御方法。 - 前記電子機器により実行される、請求項9記載の制御方法の各ステップを含むことを特徴とする制御プログラム。
- 請求項10記載の制御プログラムを格納したことを特徴とする、コンピュータにより読取可能な記録媒体。
- 請求項1~4のうちのいずれか1つに記載の物体状態検出伝送システムのためのサーバ装置であって、
前記電子機器から送信された、前記撮影画像、前記対象物体の位置、前記対象物体の方位及び角度及び前記撮影及び測定の時刻、並びに前記反射スペクトルを受信した後、前記対象物体の種別及び判定処理を実行することを特徴とするサーバ装置。 - 前記サーバ装置は前記通信回線に接続された端末装置であることを特徴とする請求項12記載のサーバ装置。
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EP3502664A4 (en) | 2020-04-01 |
EP3943916B1 (en) | 2023-05-24 |
EP3502664A1 (en) | 2019-06-26 |
MY196980A (en) | 2023-05-16 |
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AU2017317412B2 (en) | 2022-02-17 |
CA3019100A1 (en) | 2018-03-01 |
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CN109073538B (zh) | 2021-12-10 |
JPWO2018038052A1 (ja) | 2018-08-30 |
PH12018502003A1 (en) | 2019-07-01 |
AU2017317412A1 (en) | 2018-10-25 |
KR20190039879A (ko) | 2019-04-16 |
US20200319024A1 (en) | 2020-10-08 |
CN109073538A (zh) | 2018-12-21 |
JP6342594B1 (ja) | 2018-06-13 |
US11131583B2 (en) | 2021-09-28 |
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