WO2018028584A1 - 绳控液压缸波浪发电机 - Google Patents

绳控液压缸波浪发电机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018028584A1
WO2018028584A1 PCT/CN2017/096511 CN2017096511W WO2018028584A1 WO 2018028584 A1 WO2018028584 A1 WO 2018028584A1 CN 2017096511 W CN2017096511 W CN 2017096511W WO 2018028584 A1 WO2018028584 A1 WO 2018028584A1
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Prior art keywords
rope
frame
cable
floating body
anchor
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PCT/CN2017/096511
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曲言明
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曲言明
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Application filed by 曲言明 filed Critical 曲言明
Priority to US16/479,399 priority Critical patent/US11536241B2/en
Publication of WO2018028584A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018028584A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1885—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom is tied to the rem
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/14—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy
    • F03B13/16—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem"
    • F03B13/18—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore
    • F03B13/1845—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem
    • F03B13/1875—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using wave energy using the relative movement between a wave-operated member, i.e. a "wom" and another member, i.e. a reaction member or "rem" where the other member, i.e. rem is fixed, at least at one point, with respect to the sea bed or shore and the wom slides relative to the rem and the wom is the piston or the cylinder in a pump
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30—Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wave power generation system and belongs to the field of wave power generation.
  • CN 103104408 A is the prior art closest to the present invention, but there are many problems such as spring fatigue of the rope control device, small rope collecting force, unbalanced pulling force in the water suspension, deflection of the rope control mechanism, winding of the rope, waterproofing and the like.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a rope-controlled hydraulic cylinder wave generator, which can realize a hydraulic cylinder with limited stroke for large waves, adapt to tidal changes, and has a good rope collecting effect and high wave utilization.
  • Section I A rope-controlled hydraulic cylinder wave generator: including Wave Energy Converter (Wave Engergy Converter, hereinafter referred to as WEC), rope control device, gravity anchor, WEC is located on the water surface, and the rope control device includes two relative movements.
  • the controlled components are respectively the frame and the elongated member of the rope control mechanism.
  • the top of the frame serves as a connection point with the WEC
  • the bottom end of the elongated member acts as a gravity
  • the connection point of the anchor and when the frame is on the lower elongate member, the frame acts as a connection point with the gravity anchor, and the top end of the elongate member acts as a connection point with the WEC.
  • the WEC+gravity anchor can be operated independently (only the effect is poor), and it is not necessary to have a rope control device.
  • the bottom end of the component for connecting the rope control device on the WEC of this paper can also be directly connected.
  • Gravity anchor (using active connection).
  • wave energy acquisition and conversion systems single float & differential pressure reset type and double float weight reset type.
  • the wave energy collection conversion system is a single floating body differential pressure reset type A and B type, the A type uses a piston cylinder, including a floating body and a hydraulic system; the structure of the floating body can be understood as: a closed hollow shell, the center runs through a vertical straight tube, and then remove the housing portion of the straight tube to form a fully enclosed housing with a through hole in the center;
  • a fairlead/double roller cable clamp is installed at the lower outlet of the through hole of the floating body, and three legs of one tripod are fixed on the top surface of the floating body, and the top end of the tripod is directly above the through hole, The top of the tripod is connected to the top end of a single-acting piston-cylinder block.
  • the rope connected to the bottom end of the piston rod of the single-rod piston cylinder is successively passed through the center hole of the floating body and the cable guide/double roller cable clamp installed on the bottom surface of the floating body.
  • the hydraulic pipe connected to the piston cylinder is drilled into the floating body cavity from the floating body cover, and the hydraulic system except the single rod piston cylinder is in the floating body cavity;
  • the circulation route is a single-acting piston cylinder with rod cavity, quasi-out check valve, high-pressure accumulator, hydraulic motor, low-pressure accumulator, admission check valve, piston cylinder with rod cavity, the hydraulic pressure
  • the motor drives the generator to generate electricity; the above is the scheme 2-1;
  • a telescopic tube is sleeved on the piston rod of the hydraulic pipe, and a port of the telescopic tube is sealingly connected with the side of the piston rod handle, and the other port is
  • the piston cylinder block is butted on the side, but the upper part of the telescopic tube should have a gap to communicate with the outside.
  • the drain pipe of the piston cylinder is taken out from the top of the rodless cavity of the piston cylinder, and one way is taken out from the cavity of the bottom end of the telescopic tube, and the two paths are combined.
  • the buoyancy chamber and the equipment compartment may be bolted together; or the outer flange of the equipment compartment top or the bottom of the buoyancy bellows may be provided with a limit flange; or: the surface of the inner hole of the buoyancy chamber, or the equipment compartment
  • the outer side is a thick and thin tapered surface.
  • the outer contour of the equipment compartment is larger than the narrowest part of the inner ring of the buoyancy chamber, and the equipment compartment is wedged into the inner hole of the buoyancy chamber.
  • the other type is superimposed, that is, the inner hole of the buoyancy bellows is smaller than the outer contour of the equipment compartment, the bottom surface of the equipment compartment is fixed to the top surface of the buoyancy tank, and the wind guide/double roller of the bottom surface of the equipment compartment
  • the cable tongs are to be installed at the outlet below the inner hole of the buoyancy bellows; the rope at the bottom end of the piston rod of the single rod piston cylinder is successively installed from the center hole of the equipment compartment, the inner hole of the buoyancy collar, and the buoyancy bilge
  • the end of the cable guide / double roller cable cutter passes through the rear connection control device;
  • Single float pressure difference reset type B specifically: a floating body
  • the structure can be understood as: a closed shell, the center runs through a vertical straight tube, and then removes the shell part in the straight tube to form a full central through hole a closed housing; a plunger cylinder is erected on the lower plunger rod, the end of the cylinder being fixed at a top surface of the floating body, the top end of the plunger rod being connected to a center of a top edge of a rectangular steel frame, the rectangular steel frame The plane of the plane coincides with the axial section of the plunger cylinder.
  • the plunger rod When the plunger rod is telescopically moved, the plunger cylinder and the plunger rod thereof are always surrounded by the four sides of the rectangular steel frame, and the two vertical frames and the bottom frame of the rectangular steel frame are not in contact with the top surface of the floating body and the central hole wall.
  • the center hole of the floating body is larger than the width of the rectangular steel frame, the rectangular steel frame is inserted in the center of the floating body hole; or: the rectangular steel frame is always above the floating body).
  • the center of the bottom edge of the rectangular steel frame is connected to the top end of a rope, and the other end of the rope passes through the vertical center hole of the floating body and a cable guide installed at the bottom of the center hole of the floating body, and extends downward. Connecting the rope control mechanism;
  • the connection between the bottom end of the plunger cylinder block and the top surface of the floating body, the top end of the plunger rod and the top edge of the rectangular steel frame may also be through a lug/hinge/earring manner, the plunger If the cylinder is not restrained in a certain direction, the guide roller set needs to be added.
  • the bracket of the guide roller set is mounted on the top surface of the floating body.
  • the guide roller set is horizontal and parallel to each other, and the end faces are aligned and separated.
  • the same two cylindrical rollers of the distance have an axis perpendicular to the unconstrained degree of freedom, and the two cylindrical rollers respectively abut on the two sides of the outer side/inside of the two vertical frames of the rectangular steel frame, or one of them Both sides of the vertical frame;
  • the hydraulic system is closed cycle, the circulation route is the plunger cylinder cavity, the quasi-out check valve, the high pressure accumulator, the hydraulic motor, the low pressure accumulator, the admission check valve, the plunger cylinder a hydraulic motor drives the generator to generate electricity;
  • a hydraulic pipe connected to the inlet and outlet ports of the bottom end of the plunger cylinder penetrates from the floating body cover, and the generator and the hydraulic system except the plunger cylinder are all in the floating body cavity;
  • the top of the plunger cylinder block is fixed with a vertical short tube bottom port and the joint is sealed, and the plunger rod is Passing through the short pipe, the short pipe has a hole on the side thereof, and is connected with a port of a drain pipe, the other end of the drain pipe extends downward, drills into the cavity from the top cover of the floating body, and finally enters an open fuel tank;
  • the electrically driven electric charge pump sent by the wave generator extracts hydraulic oil from the open type oil tank and injects into the closed hydraulic circulation system; further preferably: a single chip according to the open type fuel tank
  • the liquid level sensor performs start-stop control or speed control on the electric charge pump.
  • the midpoint of the bottom frame of the rectangular steel frame is modified to be connected to a vertical square tube that passes through two spaced apart vertical distance guides mounted at the bottom of the floating body a cable, the bottom end of the square tube is consolidated with the top surface of the rope control mechanism; the four rollers of the fairlead are closely attached to the four sides of the square tube;
  • the cable connecting the rope control device enters the square tube from the top inlet of the square tube, and is drilled from the outlet end of the square tube; further preferably: the cable is One of the segments in the square tube is a coil spring cable;
  • Option 2-3 For a single float & differential pressure reset Type A or Type B, a vertical tube tip is secured to the bottom of the float, the vertical tube axis and the center of the float The central axes of the through holes are coincident, and the upper and lower two fairleads are respectively installed at the top and the bottom in the vertical pipe;
  • the wave energy collection and conversion system is a double-floating body force reduction type, which is divided into two types, A type and B type.
  • the double floating weight power reduction type A includes the column overall, the annular floating body, the ⁇ bracket/three leg frame, and the hydraulic system.
  • the column can be generally the following four types:
  • the cabin is a hollow shell or foamed plastic with a cylindrical shape (vertical axis) or an ellipsoidal shape; 3) a whole formed by the bottom surface of the vertical column and the top surface of a vertical rod/vertical tube; 4)
  • the bottom surface of the column is consolidated with a top surface of the underwater buoyancy tank, and the bottom surface of the underwater buoyancy chamber is integrated with the top surface of a vertical rod/vertical tube;
  • the column is vertically inserted in the water and the weight of the water is greater than its own weight, that is, the column generally has a floating force; for the column as a whole, it is preferred: the column and the underwater buoyancy chamber, the vertical tube/vertical rod, and their vertical The center lines of the directions coincide;
  • An annular floating body is sleeved on the vertical column, and a certain gap exists between the inner wall of the annular floating body ring and the side surface of the vertical column, and the top surface of the annular floating body is fixed with an erected ⁇ bracket/three leg frame, and the ⁇ bracket/three leg frame
  • the center line coincides with the axis of the column, and a piston rod shank of the erected single-acting hydraulic cylinder is connected to the center of the bottom surface of the ⁇ bracket/three leg frame beam, and the bottom end of the cylinder block is connected with the bottom surface of the column cavity, and the hydraulic pressure is
  • the system is an open cycle, the route is: open fuel tank, admission check valve, rod chamber of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder, queuing check valve, accumulator, hydraulic motor, hydraulic motor drive generator
  • the above is the scheme 3-1;
  • the double-floating body force reset type B WEC is specifically: one column is generally placed vertically, the top end of the top opening is closed, an annular floating body is sleeved on the column, and the inner wall of the annular floating body ring and the side of the column have a certain gap, the annular floating body
  • the top surface is fixed with an upright ⁇ bracket/three leg frame, the center line of the ⁇ bracket/three leg frame coincides with the axis of the column, the piston rod handle of an erected single-acting hydraulic cylinder and the bottom center of the ⁇ bracket/three leg frame top beam
  • the bottom end of the cylinder of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the bottom surface of the column chamber, and the circulation route of the hydraulic system pipeline is: an open type oil tank, an admission check valve, a rod cavity of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder, and a quasi-single order
  • the generator, the accumulator, the hydraulic motor, the open fuel tank and the hydraulic motor drive the generator to generate electricity; the
  • the weight is annular and sleeved on the lower part of the column, and the inner side of the ring of the weight has a gap with the overall side of the column, and each side of the weight is tied with a rope.
  • the other ends of the two ropes extend upward, and then extend downwardly around a pulley above them, and finally connected to the column as a whole.
  • the pulley frames of the two pulleys are connected to the bottom surface of the annular floating body, and the two connection points Regarding the axis symmetry of the column; further preferably: the upper and lower layers of the guide roller group are installed inside the weight ring, and each layer of the guide roller is greater than 3 and evenly distributed.
  • WEC further includes a spring oscillator mechanism, specifically: for a single floating body differential pressure reset type WEC, one end of the rope is connected to the connection point of the rope control device, and the other end of the rope extends upwardly around a pulley and then extends downward. The rear end is attached to one end of the tension spring, and the other end of the tension spring is connected with a weight.
  • a spring oscillator mechanism specifically: for a single floating body differential pressure reset type WEC, one end of the rope is connected to the connection point of the rope control device, and the other end of the rope extends upwardly around a pulley and then extends downward.
  • the rear end is attached to one end of the tension spring, and the other end of the tension spring is connected with a weight.
  • the pulley frame of the pulley is connected with the bottom surface of the floating body; the above is the scheme 4-1; the single floating body pressure is adopted for the rope + single cable guide Poor WEC, preferably there is a scheme 4-1-1: the bottom of the floating body and a vertical tube top End consolidation, the fairlead/double roller cable clamp is mounted at the outlet of the bottom end of the vertical pipe, the pulley is mounted at an opening in the upper portion of the vertical pipe, and the pulley axis is perpendicular to the a vertical tube shaft section in which the hole is located, the pulley half being exposed to the outside of the vertical pipe and half in the vertical pipe; an annular weight being placed over the vertical pipe, and the inner side of the ring of the weight and the vertical There is a gap in the outer wall of the tube; one end of the tension spring is connected to the weight, and the other end is connected to the rope, and the other end of the rope is wound upwards around the pulley at the hole, and then enters the vertical tube and extends
  • the preferred scheme 4-1 -2 that is, a vertical pipe top is fixed to the bottom of the floating body, the vertical pipe axis coincides with the center line of the floating body center through hole, and the upper and lower two cable guides are respectively installed on the top of the vertical pipe and a bottom portion;
  • the weight is annular, sleeved on the vertical tube, and the inner ring wall of the weight and the vertical
  • one end of the rope is connected to the connection point of the rope control device, and the other end of the rope extends upwards around a pulley and then extends downward to be attached to one end of the tension spring, the other end of the tension spring and the weight Block connection, the pulley frame of the pulley is connected to the bottom surface of the floating body;
  • the pulley frame of the pulley is connected to the bottom surface of the annular floating body; preferably: the weight is annular, and is placed on the lower part of the column, and the ring of the weight There is a gap between the inner side and the overall side of the column; further preferably: the inner ring wall of the annular weight is mounted with two upper and lower guiding roller sets, and each layer of guiding rollers is not less than three and uniformly distributed;
  • the rope control device includes a control rope electrical module and a rope control mechanical mechanism (referred to as a control rope mechanism).
  • the control rope mechanism includes a frame, a linear rotary motion conversion and an auxiliary mechanism, and an electronic control.
  • the top end of the frame of the rope control mechanism is connected to the upper WEC:
  • the rotating member of the linear rotation conversion mechanism is connected to the rotor shaft of the electric control arm through the main shaft, and can also be connected by a chain/gear/belt transmission mechanism Rotor linkage of the electric control actuator;
  • the stator of the electric control actuator is fixed on the frame, and the main shaft of the rotating member of the linear rotary motion conversion mechanism is mounted on the frame through a bearing &seat;
  • the linear rotary motion There are three types of conversion and its affiliates, respectively;
  • the linear rotation conversion mechanism is a roller sprocket + a roller chain
  • a vertical cylinder is fixed at a bottom end of the frame of the rope control mechanism
  • a weight is in the straight cylinder and has a certain gap with the inner wall of the straight cylinder, and one roller
  • One end of the chain is connected to the weight, the other end is wound upwards and then extends downwardly, and enters one end of the straight tube connecting a rope, and the other end of the rope passes through the vertical through hole on the weight.
  • the linear rotation conversion mechanism is a ring sprocket + an end chain, or a friction wheel + a rope: one end of the chain is connected to the gravity anchor, and the other end is upwardly passed through a cable guide installed at the bottom end of the control mechanism mechanism frame.
  • the ring sprocket + chain can also be replaced by a friction wheel + a rope, one end of which is connected to the gravity anchor, and the other end is upwardly passed through a cable guide/double roller mounted at the bottom end of the frame After the cable clamp is passed, the friction wheel is bypassed and extends downward, and after passing through another cable guide/double roller cable clamp installed at the bottom end of the frame, the downward extension is continued to finally connect a weight;
  • the third type: the linear rotation conversion mechanism is a primary sub-reel + a main and a secondary rope, specifically: the main reel and the sub-reel are linked by a gear/chain transmission mechanism or connected through a main shaft, and one end of the main rope Fixed and wound on the main reel, the other end of the main cable is extended downward through a cable guide/double roller cable clamp installed at the bottom end of the rope control mechanism frame, and finally connected to the On the gravity anchor, one end of the secondary cable is fixed and wound on the secondary reel, and the other end of the secondary cable is connected through another cable guide/double roller cable clamp installed at the bottom end of the rope control mechanism frame.
  • the rope collecting member As the weight of the rope collecting member, the pulling force of the main rope and the secondary rope is opposite to the torque generated on the main shaft; the rope collecting member can also be replaced with a tension spring, and the other end of the tension spring is fixed on the frame;
  • the rope/ring/main rope between the rotating member of the linear rotary motion converting mechanism (ie, the sprocket/ring sprocket/friction wheel/main reel) and the gravity anchor of the rope-controlled hydraulic cylinder wave generator is defined as
  • the cable/loop/secondary cable between the rotating member of the linear rotary motion converting mechanism and the weight is defined as a reset cable; the above section is the scheme 5.
  • the lower section of the energy-generating cable is a chain of chains, and a point on the chain is connected with the gravity anchor through a quick-connecting ring.
  • the first type, single catenary side pull type one end of the suspension chain is attached to the weight, the other end extends downward to one side, and finally connected to another anchor, the catenary can also be replaced For a length of rope, the middle of the rope is heavy;
  • the side chain of the anchor chain one end of the rope is connected to the counterweight, the other end extends to a side for a distance, and then extends downwards around a pulley, and finally connects a weight;
  • the pulley frame of the pulley is used a flexible/universal connection at one of the middle sections of one of the mooring systems anchoring the wave generator floating body or other nearby floating body;
  • the weight can also be omitted, so that the end of the cable is directly connected to the rope One end is connected, and the weight is used as a weight for collecting the rope;
  • the third type the side-by-side pull type: a buoy is added at a certain distance around the wave generator floating body, the floating body and the buoy are anchored at a certain position by a mooring system, and one end of a rope is attached to the counterweight. The other end extends below the buoy, extends downwards around a pulley, and finally connects a weight.
  • the pulley frame of the pulley is connected to the bottom surface of the buoy by a second rope; the weight can also be omitted, and the end of the reset cable is directly
  • the rope is connected at one end, and the weight is used as a rope weight;
  • the fourth type the lateral standard side pull type: one end of the rope is connected to the counterweight, the other end extends downward to one side, then extends around a pulley and then extends upward, and finally connects an underwater float, the pulley of the pulley
  • the frame is connected to the other end of the anchor base in a flexible/universal manner; or the weight is omitted, that is, the end of the reset cable coming down from the floating body is directly connected to one end of a rope, and the other end of the rope extends downward to one side.
  • the pulley frame of the pulley is connected to the other anchor base flexible/universal; preferably: for the above four kinds of weight-containing anti-wrap mechanisms, side
  • the rope/suspension pulling the weight may be connected by a hard straight rod without directly connecting the weight, that is, the end of the rope/cable is connected to one end of the hard straight rod, and the other end of the hard straight rod is flexible with the weight/ Universal connection
  • the fifth type is a single-recovery double-recoverable cable type: the linear rotary motion conversion mechanism of the rope control mechanism is: one main reel has a set of the same sub-reel + sub-cord on the left and right sides, the three reels Coaxial, the lower ends of the two secondary cables are tied to the left and right sides of the weight, and the main rope is passed through the vertical through holes on the weight; preferably: the upper and lower entrances of the through holes are installed a cable guide/double roller cable clamp, the main rope passing through the cable clamp/double roller cable clamp;
  • the rope control mechanism has two sets of identical ring-shaped sprocket/friction wheel/main reel with a certain axial distance and the supporting energy cable. After passing through the respective corresponding fairleads/double-roller fairleades mounted at the bottom end of the rack, the two energy-carrying cables continue to extend downwardly from the two vertical passes separated by a certain distance from the counterweights respectively.
  • Design 1 The two energy cables that are to be connected to the gravity anchor extending downward by the rope control mechanism are replaced by a pulley and a pulley around the gravity anchor.
  • the pulley frame of the pulley and the gravity anchor are flexible.
  • Design 2 The two energy-carrying cables are not connected to the gravity anchor first, and then respectively connected to two ends of a rigid straight rod, and the hard straight rod is connected to the gravity anchor through a V-shaped rope, namely: V-shaped
  • the two top ends of the rope are respectively connected to the two ends of the hard straight rod, and the bottom end of the V-shaped rope is connected to the gravity anchor flexible/universal;
  • connection between the WEC and the rope control mechanism frame is a single rope/U-ring/V-shaped rope connection;
  • the single rope connection is: one end of the cable Connect the WEC and connect the other end to the control rack The point of the top point, and the point of the line is to be at the intersection of the center line of the two straight-lined energy cables and the top of the rope control mechanism;
  • the U-ring connection means that the connection between the wave energy collection conversion system and the rope control mechanism adopts a U-shaped ring, that is, the left side of the control rope mechanism frame is fixed to one end of the short axis, and the right side is also fixed to the other short.
  • One end of the shaft, two short-axis coaxial lines, and two short shafts are respectively inserted into two holes of a U-shaped ring, and the outer side of the middle portion of the U-shaped ring is connected with the wave energy acquisition conversion system; the short axis axis and the two energy cables
  • the position of the two fairlead/double roller cable tongs that pass through is perpendicular to the line and coincides with the midpoint of the line;
  • V-shaped rope connection the plane of the V-shaped rope is first parallel with the two straightened energy-generating cables, and then the bottom end of the V-shaped rope is placed on the extension line of the center line of the two energy-generating cables, the V-shaped The bottom end of the rope is connected to the WEC; then the top ends of the V-shaped rope are connected to the top of the control rope mechanism frame; preferably: the plane of the V-shaped rope coincides with the plane of the two energy-receiving cables;
  • the seventh type the double catenary block type: one side of each side of the weight connected to the reset cable is an anchor chain, the two anchor chains are separated from the two sides, and the other end of each chain is connected to the other end.
  • Anchoring chain the anchor chain can also be replaced by an anchor cable, but should be heavy in the middle of the anchor cable; the weight can also be omitted, so that the reset cable and the two anchor chain/anchor cables are directly connected to form an inverted Y-shaped structure;
  • the lower half of the energy cable can be replaced by a hard straight rod, and the bottom end of the hard straight rod is connected to the gravity anchor flexible/universal;
  • the eighth type is a straight guide type: the frame of the rope control mechanism is a semi-closed case having an opening only on the bottom surface, and the bottom surface of the case is fixedly connected with a vertical straight tube, and the top end of the straight tube is open and is fused with the housing of the rope control mechanism. a cavity, the weight is in a straight cylinder, and there is a gap with the inner wall of the straight cylinder, and the cable guide/double roller cable cutter that passes the reset cable above the weight is omitted, and the cable guide through which the energy cable passes is/
  • the double roller cable clamp is installed on the outer side of the bottom of the slider;
  • the ninth type wearing the anchor type: under the premise that the rotation of the frame of the rope control mechanism is restrained, the anti-wrap mechanism can be used, and the anchor anchor is the gravity anchor suspended in the water (there is an explanation later).
  • the bottom end of the cable is connected to the hanging anchor, and the reset cable passes through the vertical through hole on the hanging anchor, and continues to extend downward to connect the weight; however, it should be noted that if the anchor is a pulley Hanging anchor, wherein the pulley frame should be consolidated with the hanging anchor; preferably: a cable guide/double roller cable clamp is installed at the upper and lower entrances of the vertical through hole of the hanging anchor, and the reset cable is from the cable clamp /Double roller guides pass through;
  • Section VII This section deals with a controllable device for braking and loosening the rope.
  • Scheme 7-1 Friction wheel and gear shaft connection, friction wheel, gear, shaft and its bearing & seat form a friction wheel
  • the gear unit, the shaft is mounted on the frame through the bearing & the seat, the two identical friction wheel gear unit axes are parallel, the same direction, the end faces are aligned and are sequentially mounted on the frame, and the gears of the two friction wheel gear units are meshed, and The outer diameter of the friction wheel is smaller than the diameter of the gear index circle, so that there is a gap between the friction wheels without contact;
  • the gear of one of the units of the friction wheel set is connected with the rotor of the electric control actuator, and the stator of the electric control stator is fixed to the frame.
  • the rope is wound around the friction wheel of each friction wheel gear unit in turn.
  • the so-called winding means that the rope is in the forward direction, around the first friction wheel and the direction around the second friction wheel.
  • the gear diameters of the two friction wheel gear units may also be different, and the friction wheel diameters of the two friction wheel gear units may also be different, but the diameter of the friction wheel of each friction wheel gear unit is The tooth The ratio of the circle diameter of the wheel is the same; in practical applications, usually one end of the rope will be subjected to a large pulling force, and a small pulling force is applied to the other end of the rope to compete.
  • the scheme 7-1-1 two or more of the above friction wheel gear units are installed according to the above rules, The gear trains of the friction wheel gear unit are meshed in series, and the rope is still one, and the friction wheel of each friction wheel gear unit is bypassed according to the meshing order, and the entire friction wheel set still has only one friction wheel gear unit.
  • the shaft is connected to the rotor shaft of the electric control actuator; for the scheme 7-1, it is further preferred that there is a scheme 7-1-2: the rotor shaft of the electric control actuator is connected from the side where the rope pull is large, and finally The shaft of a friction wheel gear unit, that is, the side of the first friction wheel gear unit from the side of the rope pulling the small end.
  • a cable guide is mounted to the frame at or near the friction wheel gear set, the rope from the cable guide Pass through.
  • the electric control actuator can also be replaced with a manual brake, which makes it a manual control of the rope release.
  • the scheme 7-1 preferably having a scheme of 7-1-5, said "applying a small pulling force at the other end of the rope", the gravity of the counterweight can be used to generate the small pulling force, that is, the rope Connect a weight to the end.
  • Section VIII This section deals with a suspension anchor scheme for suspending a gravity anchor in water (disengaged from the sea floor so that the gravity anchor can move), which can be applied to wave generators that use the relative motion between the floating body and the gravity anchor to work.
  • the following are the following:
  • the first type of direct connection anchor 8-1 scheme is specifically: at a certain distance on both sides of the floating body of the wave generator, each mooring a buoy, each buoy is tied with one cable, and the other end of the two cables is connected To the gravity anchor of the wave generator;
  • the pulley anchoring scheme 8-2 two buoys on the sea surface separated by a certain distance, the floating body of the wave generator is placed in the middle between the two buoys, and the two ends of one cable are respectively On the two buoys, the middle of the cable is near the gravity anchor of the wave generator, and is wound around a pulley, and the bottom end of the pulley frame of the pulley is connected with the gravity anchor.
  • scheme 8-3 The gravity anchor of the wave generator is a cube, and the four vertices of the top surface of the gravity anchor are respectively mounted with a pulley, so that two opposite sides of the gravity anchor have two pulleys on each side, each The opposite pulleys of each side are rolled on a ropeway, and the two ropeways are combined on the left side of the gravity anchor and wound around a pulley.
  • the pulley frame of the pulley and the cable end of the left side for suspending the gravity anchor Connected, the same two ropeways are also joined together on the right side of the gravity anchor, and around the other pulley, the pulley frame of the pulley is connected with one end of the cable for suspending the gravity anchor on the right side;
  • the other ends of the two cables are respectively connected to two buoys on the water surface separated by a certain distance, and the floating body of the wave generator is placed at the middle of the two buoys;
  • the gravity anchor of the wave generator is a flat cube, and a fairlead is installed on the upper and lower sides of the gravity anchor, and is installed on the right vertical edges of the gravity anchor.
  • Two guiding pulleys, the cable suspending the gravity anchor sequentially passes through the rear cable guide, the guiding pulley bypassing the right rear edge, the guiding pulley of the right front edge, and passes through the front cable guide; the two ends of the cable are respectively connected to the water surface
  • the fifth type, scheme 8-5 two identical rigid straight rods are parallel and end-aligned, respectively, passing through two horizontal through-holes of the gravity anchor which are separated by a certain horizontal distance and parallel to each other, and the side of the hard straight rod and the inner wall of the transverse through-hole have a gap.
  • the left and right ends of the two rigid straight rods are respectively fixed with the left and right steel frames, and the suspension cables on each side are respectively connected to the middle of the side steel frame; the two cables on both sides of the gravity anchor are respectively connected to the water surface and separated by a certain distance.
  • Two buoys, the floating body of the wave generator is placed between the two buoys;
  • the gravity anchor is not limited to a cube and may have other shapes, but the positions of the pulley, the fairlead, and the guide pulley are unchanged.
  • the center of gravity of the gravity anchor is lower than the rope/hard straight rod to maintain stability.
  • scheme 8-*-1 (* represents any number herein, refers to a plurality, here includes 8-1 to 5): the wave generator float and the The buoys are connected by a rope;
  • the scheme 8-*-1 it is preferred to have the scheme 8-*-1-1: a heavy block or a section of the rope in the middle of the rope connecting the wave generator floating body and the buoy is replaced by a tension spring;
  • the option 8-*-1-1 is such that if the weight is used as a buffering means, a float is attached to the rope at a distance close to the buoy to lift the rope here.
  • the wave generator floating body is connected to the rope by a V-shaped rope, that is, the rope is connected to the bottom end of the V-shaped rope, The two top ends of the V-shaped rope are respectively connected to the bottom end of the top end of the floating body;
  • a solution 8-*-2 when a plurality of wave generators are operated together, the floating bodies of the plurality of wave generators are arranged in a row, the adjacent floating bodies and the first and the last of the queue are A buoy is placed, and the gravity anchor of each of the wave generators is suspended in the water by two buoys on both sides of the floating body.
  • the suspension method can be used for the 8-* listed;
  • Each of the buoys is an anchor chain, and the other end of the anchor chain extends downward toward the outside of the queue and is finally connected to an anchor; for the scheme 8-*-2, there is a further preferred scheme 8-*-2-1, adjacent The floating body and the buoy are connected by a rope.
  • scheme 8-*-2-1-1 a manual or single-chip controlled winch/winch is mounted on the buoy/float to receive or release according to the wave condition.
  • the buoy is a streamlined horizontal streamline type (similar to a submarine) to reduce the current impact
  • the tail fin is mounted at the tip end of the buoy (coincidentally with the buoy axis) a vertical plate, which is shaped like a tail of the wind vane, so that the buoy automatically adjusts direction by means of the current
  • a rotating eye/8-word rotating ring is installed at the bottom of the buoy, and the bottom end of the rotating ring/8-word rotating ring is used as the buoy
  • the connection point of other ropes, cables/mooring chains/cables if the buoy is connected to the mooring chain/cable).
  • Section IX This section describes the anchor-based rope control mechanism in which the rope support frame is mounted on the anchor and the top of the elongate member is connected to the WEC.
  • Scheme 9-1 rack-type anchor anchor control rope mechanism: the gravity anchor is a hanging anchor, the center has a vertical through hole, the frame of the rope control mechanism is in the vertical through hole, and passes through an X-shaped chain or a ring The cross joint is connected to the inner wall of the hole.
  • the X-shaped chain is connected. Specifically, the left side of the frame of the rope control mechanism is connected to one end of the two chains, and the other ends of the two chains are respectively extended to the upper left and the lower left, and finally connected to the gravity anchor hole. On the wall, one end of the other two chains is connected to the right side of the frame of the rope control mechanism, and the other ends of the two chains are respectively extended to the upper right and the lower right, and finally connected to the right wall of the gravity anchor hole, four The root chain forms an X word, and the control rope frame is at the center;
  • the ring-shaped cross joint joint structure is: a two-dimensional square ring/ring laid flat on the XY coordinate plane, the center point of the square ring/ring is at the origin of the XY coordinate, and the square ring/ring along the X direction a pair of shafts projecting outwardly from each of the two sides, and the bearing and the seat of the two shafts are respectively mounted on opposite walls of the vertical hole of the gravity anchor, and the square ring/ring in the Y direction
  • a shaft extends from each of the two sides of the ring, and the bearings and seats of the two shafts are mounted on both sides of the frame of the rope control mechanism;
  • the frame of the rope control mechanism has the same shape as a flat U-shaped magnet, but is hollow; the rack is vertically placed and semi-enclosed by the U-shaped frame of the controlled rope mechanism; and the guide rail for guiding the up and down movement of the rack is mounted on the frame,
  • the shaft of the gear meshing with the rack is mounted on the frame of the rope control mechanism through the bearing & seat, the shaft of the gear is connected to the rotor shaft of the electric control actuator, or the rotor of the bevel gear transmission/chain transmission mechanism and the electric control actuator Cooperating, the electric control stator is fixed on the frame; the top end of the rack is connected with the wave energy collecting and converting system; the shaft of the gear passes through a sealing ring embedded in a hole in the inner side wall of the U-shaped frame, and enters In the U-shaped frame cavity, the electric control, bevel gear/chain drive (if any) are all inside the cavity.
  • the gears are two or more of the same size, each gear is connected with a bevel gear, and the bevel gears are the same size, respectively, and the bevel gears are respectively
  • the meshing plurality of bevel gears are coaxial, the main shaft is coupled to the rotor shaft of the electric control device; and for the scheme 9-1-1, preferably: the main shaft is vertical, and the main shaft end is connected to the rotor shaft of the electric control actuator The position of the electric actuator is higher than the hole in the inner side wall of any one of the U-shaped frames.
  • Section X For the schemes 5 and 9-1, it is preferable to insert the overrunning clutch/torque limiter into the power transmission path of the rotary member of the linear rotary motion conversion mechanism to the electric control actuator, specifically: the linear rotation
  • the rotating member of the motion converting mechanism is coupled to one end of the overrunning clutch/torque limiter or is coupled to the end of the overrunning clutch/torque limiter via a chain/gear/belt drive mechanism, the overrunning clutch/torque limiter One end is coupled to the rotor shaft of the electric control actuator; the electric actuator stator is fixed to the frame; if the overrunning clutch is introduced, the rotating member of the linear rotation conversion mechanism is when the electric control actuator is in the braking state
  • the rotatable direction should be the same as the direction of the torque generated by the reset cable force; further preferably: if the rope control mechanism already includes the aforementioned overrunning clutch, the second electric control actuator is installed, and the second electric control actuator is mounted on the stator a rotor of the second electric
  • Section XI Preferred:
  • the rope control mechanism frame is a semi-closed housing having only a bottom end opening, and for the schemes 9-1 and 9-2, the rope control mechanism frame is a fully enclosed housing, and their The rotating member, the main shaft, its bearing & seat, and the electric control actuator of the linear rotary conversion mechanism are all installed in the inner cavity of the frame, and further preferably: an air supply system is further included;
  • the air supply system includes a gas pipe, a water immersion sensor, a single-chip control module, an electric air pump and an auxiliary power supply.
  • the electric air pump is installed in the air environment of the floating body of the sea surface, one end of the gas pipe is connected to the air outlet of the air pump, and the other end is drilled and controlled.
  • a water immersion sensor is mounted on the frame below the shaft of the linear rotation conversion mechanism in the cavity, and the water immersion sensor sends information to the MCU control module through the signal line, and the MCU control module
  • the power supply of the electric air pump is controlled by a switch. If the gas returns after the air pump is stopped, the air outlet of the air pump is connected to the air pipe through a quasi-check valve;
  • the second type includes: a water immersion sensor, a single-chip MCU and an auxiliary power source, a solenoid valve, a high-pressure gas tank, and these are all installed in the upper part of the semi-closed housing cavity except the water immersion sensor, and the water immersion sensor is installed in the cavity
  • the rack on the lower side of the shaft of the linear rotation conversion mechanism once the water is detected, immediately sends a signal to the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer controls the electromagnetic valve to open and close, and the air pipe connected to the outlet of the high pressure gas cylinder passes
  • the solenoid valve is in communication with the chamber of the control rope housing;
  • a third type placing a chemical solid, such as calcium carbide, which reacts with water to generate a large amount of gas, on a frame below the shaft of the linear rotation conversion mechanism in the rack cavity of the rope control mechanism;
  • a chemical solid such as calcium carbide
  • the fourth type two cables with positive and negative outer insulation of DC voltage are arranged on the rope control mechanism, and the negative cable leads into the cavity of the frame to connect a bare but insulated from the frame
  • a graphite electrode is mounted on the frame below the shaft of the linear rotation conversion mechanism, and the graphite electrode connected to the positive cable is installed outside the frame housing and insulated from the frame.
  • the cable guide is a four-roller fairlead, and the rope just enters the first pair of rollers that the cable guide contacts, a circular tube made of a soft and wear-resistant material, the two ports of the soft wear-resistant tube are fixedly sealed with the two ends of the roller cylinder, and the inner wall of the soft wear-resistant round tube and the roller cylinder The gap is small and the gap is filled with lubricating oil.
  • the cable guide is a four-roller fairlead, and the rope just enters the first pair of rollers that the cable guide contacts, and the jacket is super a barrel-shaped sleeve woven from high-molecular-weight polyethylene fibers.
  • the surface of the barrel-shaped sleeve is externally coated with rubber.
  • the two ports of the barrel-shaped sleeve are respectively connected at both ends of the roller cylinder.
  • the roller is made of PTFE material, UHMWPE sleeve and poly four. The self-lubrication of the fluoroethylene roller allows the sleeve to oscillate with the rope, while the UHMWPE sleeve of the rope and the outer rubber is always static friction.
  • the single floating body differential pressure resetting scheme in the present invention the hydraulic cylinder is placed on the floating body, so that the oil drain of the hydraulic cylinder can flow into the open fuel tank under the action of gravity, thereby reducing the risk of polluting seawater, and the equipment compartment is The fully enclosed casing eliminates the hidden danger of seawater entering the equipment compartment.
  • the floating body adopts the detachable structure of the equipment cabin + buoyancy chamber, which makes maintenance more convenient.
  • the design of the hydraulic cylinder on the outside of the body also makes the maintenance of the hydraulic cylinder and the replacement of the seal ring easier.
  • the single-float differential pressure resets the B-type WEC, and the position of the drain port of the plunger cylinder is stable with respect to the floating body, and the pipe for recovering the oil drain does not move.
  • the square tube of the present invention is applied to a single floating body differential pressure reset WEC, so that the rope control mechanism and the WEC are connected as a whole, thereby avoiding the instability caused by the suspension of the rope control mechanism by a rope, and the problem of the rope bending. Reducing the tilt of the rope control mechanism increases safety.
  • the wire of the rope control device is designed to protect the wire in the square tube.
  • Double-floating force-reset WEC so that the reset of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder no longer requires the pressure relief of the low-pressure accumulator, which can directly absorb the oil from the open fuel tank by gravity, eliminating the oil replenishment system and reducing the system complexity.
  • the spring-vibration system composed of the spring + weight in the invention can make the energy-carrying cable receive a larger pulling force at the time of the trough, thereby reducing the wave height utilization loss caused by the flexible bending of the energy-consuming cable.
  • the rope control mechanism of the present invention uses the counterweight to collect the rope, has a long service life, a long stroke, high reliability, a large rope collecting force, and is not subject to fatigue such as a spring and a small rope collecting force.
  • the entanglement mechanism avoids the direct entanglement of the energy cable and the reset cable.
  • the friction wheel set is used as the linear rotary motion conversion mechanism, and the rope is only wrapped once, which avoids the problem that the width of the rope is too wide in the axial direction when the reel is used, and the multi-friction wheel set can greatly enhance the working tension of the single rope, so that the rope
  • the cable can be operated at a smaller bending radius, which reduces the torque output to the electric controller, reduces the cost, and reduces the volume of the rope control mechanism.
  • the arrangement of the electric control actuator and the return cable side friction wheel gear unit reduces the rope wear.
  • the control mechanism of the frame connected to the WEC has a semi-closed housing having a bottom opening, and the energy cable/reset cable can be accessed from below, and the air can be stored therein, thereby It is easy to solve the waterproof problem of the internal parts of the rope control mechanism.
  • the air supply system of the invention further improves the waterproof support capability.
  • the anchoring scheme allows the gravity anchor to hang in the water and get rid of the water depth restriction (if the water depth is too deep, the length of the energy cable is too long, the elastic deformation becomes large, and the partial wave height will be used on the elongated rope. Instead of doing work, the gravity anchor can always be under the floating body, so that the energy harvesting cable is nearly vertical, avoiding the problem of sea current affecting the collection and power generation.
  • the rack type/brake bar type control rope mechanism of the present invention the elongated member is rigid and does not bend, so that the flexible deformation caused by the use of the rope as the energy harvesting element is avoided, and the belt is avoided.
  • the wave height used to take the loss is not limited.
  • the cable guide with a soft wear-resistant lubricating tube/UHMWPE sleeve in the present invention further reduces the wear of the rope.
  • FIG. 1 Schematic diagram of a rope-controlled hydraulic cylinder wave generator (single floating body differential pressure reduction type, ring sprocket, ⁇ -shaped guide rod)
  • Figure 2 Structure diagram of the double rope guiding rope control mechanism (reel, air pump injection)
  • FIG.A Structure diagram of U-ring suspension control rope device
  • Figure 2B Structure diagram of pulley equalization double mining cable
  • Figure 3 Structure diagram of an electric actuator (electromagnet, spring, brake master cylinder, drum brake)
  • Figure 4 Structure diagram of single recovery cable double reset cable anti-wrap + reel control rope mechanism
  • FIG. 5 Schematic diagram of double catenary bar anti-wrap structure
  • Figure 6 Side view of single catenary anti-wrap + friction wheel group control mechanism
  • Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the double rope guiding anti-wrap mechanism + friction wheel group control rope mechanism (V-shaped rope up and down connection)
  • Figure 7A Figure Section 7 of the A-A
  • Figure 8 Ribbon + friction wheel control rope mechanism (V-shaped rope up and down connection)
  • Figure 10 Roller sprocket-type rope control mechanism + double-floating force-reset type WEC Figure 10A: Section A-A of Figure 10
  • FIG 12 Single-float differential pressure reset type A WEC (equipment bay + buoyancy chamber) section view (piston cylinder top)
  • Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the use of hanging anchors when working on a multi-wave generator
  • Figure 14 WEC diagram of a row of anchoring schemes (side-side side pull-type anti-wrap mechanism, piercing anchor type anti-wrap mechanism)
  • Figure 15 WEC square array with anchors
  • Figure 16 Structure diagram of V-shaped ropes and anchors
  • Figure 17 Double cableway suspension anchor structure
  • Figure 18 Friction wheel group control rope mechanism + double floating weight force reduction type A WEC
  • Double float weight reset B type WEC (hydraulic system is mainly installed on the annular floating body)
  • Figure 20 Single float differential pressure reset type B WEC (rope)
  • Figure 21 Single float differential pressure reset type B WEC (square tube)
  • Fig. 21A sectional view F-F' of Fig. 21
  • Fig. 21B sectional view E-E' of Fig. 21
  • Fig. 21C partial A view of Fig. 21.
  • FIG. 21D is an enlarged perspective view of a portion A of FIG. 21.
  • FIG. 22 is a front view of a suspension base rack type rope control mechanism
  • Figure 22A Sectional view D-D of Figure 22
  • Figure 22B Partial view G of Figure 22
  • Figure 22C Sectional view of Figure 22 E-E
  • Figure 22D partial view F of Figure 22
  • Figure 23 Side-wound anchor structure
  • Figure 24 Cable guide with soft wear-resistant tube
  • Figure 25 Structure diagram of the rope control mechanism mounted on the anchor anchor
  • Figure 26 Structure diagram of the double hard straight rod lifting anchor
  • Figure 29 Appearance of the brake bar type control rope
  • Figure 30 Cylindrical cross joint plan view
  • 1-floating body steel/glass steel casing; 2-hydraulic cylinder; 3-piston rod; 4-high pressure accumulator; 5-oil filter; 6-hydraulic motor; 7-generator; 8-low pressure accumulator; 9-End of the work stroke:
  • the sensor that senses the piston to reach the end of its stroke can be a Hall sensor (a magnet that needs to be connected with the piston rod) / an inductive proximity switch that is close to the induction metal;
  • 10 - Telescopic tube bellows shape Retractable rubber tube;
  • 11-conductor four-roller type cable guide, a pair of mutually parallel axes, end-face aligned, but the gaps of the rollers are grouped together, the two sets of axes are stacked vertically but not in contact with each other.
  • the roller can rotate freely, and the guided object passes through each group of roller gaps; 12-cable; 13-the outer casing of the rope control mechanism: also the frame of the rope control mechanism.
  • 14-U-ring the same shape as the U-ring for lifting the pin (also called D shackle), with coaxial holes at both ends; 15-over clutch; 16-electric control: available
  • the brake to be controlled, the rotary type includes a rotor and a stator; the electric control actuator is divided into direct control or indirect control, and the direct control includes: an electromagnetic clutch and an electromagnetic brake, and in the ABS anti-lock braking system of the automobile, the ECU Control the solenoid valve to control the disc brake, it is the indirect control of the electric control; 17-gravity anchor; 18-weight: the specific gravity is greater than water, its gravity as the rope-collecting power; 19- ⁇ -shaped guide rod: ⁇ -shaped Steel frame, the long pole part is rectangular section; 20-double roller cable clamp: the same two groove pulleys with parallel axi
  • the rope is wound in the groove, 49-second rope ; 50-reset cable 51-heavy block: specific gravity is greater than water; 52- underwater float Force chamber; 53-vertical rod; the force arm for increasing the tension point of the rope, when the vertical rod is inclined, the return torque can be increased to reduce the swing of the floating body; 54-bearing & seat: the bearing and its supporting bearing seat; 55-V-shaped rope; 56-pulley; 57-cable; 58-anchor chain; 59-buoy; 60-float; 61-hard straight rod: straight hard rod; 62-pulley frame; 63-straight tube: straight tube; 64-short shaft; 65-roller: freely rotatable cylinder; 66-webbing; 67-buoyancy chamber: short thick tube outer contour, hollow shell, rotating section is rectangular, internal can be filled with foam, specific gravity is less than water To provide buoyancy; 68-tripod; three steel rods are fixed together at one end, their other ends are equally angularly separated
  • 79-Control rope device 80-ring floating body: hollow shell with short thick tube shape, rectangular shape of rotation; 81-column; 82-guide roller: shaped like fixed caster, by rolling guide member moving direction.
  • 83- ⁇ bracket steel ⁇ shape, or the same three-legged frame as OPT's Powerbuoy, that is, each end of the flat Y-shaped beam extends downwardly to form a 3-leg structure bracket;
  • 84-scratch Sexual/universal connection It can be a chain/rope, or a pair of lock rings that are hooked to each other, or a ball joint; a connection method that allows the two parts connected to each other to have a certain angle change.
  • 85-tubular rain cover erected tubular, open at the bottom, closed at the top and consolidated with the bottom of the ⁇ bracket/three leg frame beam, placed on the column; 86-rail; 87-round cake end cover; 88- Steel frame; 89-pad; 91-knot: the limit solid on the rope, the knot contour is larger than the gap of the pulley frame and cannot pass.
  • the rope-controlled hydraulic cylinder wave generator of the present invention comprises a wave energy collection conversion system (ie WEC), a rope control device, a gravity anchor, the WEC is located on the water surface, and the gravity anchor is connected through the rope control device below; the rope control device
  • the utility model comprises two relative motion controllable components, which are respectively a frame and an elongated member. When the upper elongated member is below, the top of the frame serves as a connection point with the WEC, and the bottom end of the elongated member serves as a connection with the gravity anchor.
  • the frame acts as a connection point with the gravity anchor
  • the top end of the elongate member serves as a connection point with the WEC
  • the rope control device is equivalent to providing an adjustable distance from the gravity anchor.
  • the WEC uses the relative motion between the floating body and the underwater reference point to generate electricity.
  • the WEC has two major categories, one is a single floating body differential pressure reduction type WEC, and the other is a double floating body weight reduction type WEC, which can absorb the wave energy by utilizing the distance change between the floating body and the gravity anchor to generate electricity.
  • Section II Single-float differential pressure-reset type WEC, which is divided into two types, the type A of the piston cylinder (the hydraulic cylinder is pulled during operation) and the type B of the plunger cylinder (the hydraulic cylinder is pressurized during operation).
  • the upper part of Figure 1 is a single floating body differential pressure reset type A WEC.
  • Figure 12 is a single floating body differential pressure reset type A WEC.
  • the floating body of the figure is a combination of the buoyancy chamber 67 and the equipment compartment 74 (explained later).
  • the equipment compartment 74 is used as a floating body, and the buoyancy compartment 67 is not considered.
  • the structure of the floating body ie, the equipment compartment 74
  • the body, the center runs through a vertical pipe, and removes the casing part in the straight pipe to form a fully enclosed casing with a through hole at the center.
  • the equipment bay 74 can also be regarded as a thin wall rotated around a shaft.
  • the axis is parallel to one side of the rectangle and has a certain distance from the rectangle; the lower opening of the through hole of the equipment compartment 74 (the cable guide is installed through the vertical pipe 71 in the figure, of course, The erector tube 71 is omitted.
  • the fairlead 11 is mounted.
  • the three legs of the tripod 68 (only two are drawn) are fixed on the top surface of the floating body, and the top end of the tripod 68 is directly above the through hole.
  • the top end of the tripod is connected to the top end of the cylinder of a single-acting hydraulic cylinder 2 through a chain 22, and the rope 24 connected to the piston rod of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder 2 passes through the center hole of the floating body and the cable guide 11, and is finally connected to The control rope device frame 13; the generator and the hydraulic system except the single-acting hydraulic cylinder 2 are all in the equipment compartment 74;
  • the scheme of this figure is reset by differential pressure.
  • the pressure of high-pressure accumulator >> low-pressure accumulator pressure > atmospheric pressure.
  • the rope control device 12 When the rope control device 12 is locked, the equipment compartment 74 rises with the wave, the equipment compartment 74 and the rope control device 12 are pulled apart, the rope 24 generates a pulling force, and the piston cylinder 2 is pulled.
  • the output high-pressure hydraulic oil passes through the queuing check valve (only with respect to the rod cavity), is regulated by the high-pressure accumulator, and then pushes the hydraulic motor to reach the low-pressure accumulator, which falls with the wave in the equipment compartment 74.
  • the highlight of this design is that the hydraulic cylinder 2 is placed above the exterior of the float.
  • the piston rod shank of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is consolidated with the bottom of the bowl of the oil bowl 78 facing upward, in order to protect the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder from the corrosion of the salt water in the outside, a telescopic tube 10 is sleeved on the piston rod, and the telescopic tube is stretched.
  • the lower port of the tube 10 is butted against the outer edge of the oil bowl 78.
  • the upper port of the telescopic tube 10 is sleeved on the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder 2 and connected to the side thereof and sealed, so that a cavity is formed inside the telescopic tube 10, which is called a corrugated cavity.
  • One nozzle of one trachea 39 is connected to the upper part of the corrugated cavity in the telescopic tube, and the other port is facing downward, the function of which is to let the corrugated cavity communicate with the atmosphere, to maintain the internal and external pressure balance, so that the hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic cylinder can flow downward.
  • the nozzle is facing downwards to prevent rain or sea water from entering the corrugated cavity, and the bottom oil bowl 78 collects the leaked hydraulic oil.
  • the oil drain pipe 115 of the hydraulic cylinder 2 is respectively taken out from the upper part of the rodless cavity of the cylinder body and the oil bowl 78, and then merged into one way, drilled into the equipment compartment from the equipment compartment top cover 69, and finally enters the open fuel tank 72 to make up
  • the oil pump 73 draws hydraulic oil from the open tank 72 into the closed hydraulic circulation line.
  • the charge pump 73 is driven by a motor, and the MCU (ie, the single chip microcomputer) obtains information from a liquid level sensor in the open fuel tank or a pressure sensor on the closed hydraulic system to control the start and stop of the motor.
  • the bellows 10 is in the air. Even if it is torn, no seawater will enter the corrugated cavity, and no oil will flow into the sea.
  • the equipment compartment 74 is completely sealed, and only a drain pipe is connected to the upper part, which reduces seawater ingress. The risk of buoyancy cabins.
  • Fig. 14 also includes the same single floating body differential pressure reset type WEC as in this figure.
  • the buoyancy chamber 67 can be an annular floating body (this figure is a circular body with a rectangular cross section), and the buoyancy chamber 67 can be connected to the equipment bay 74 in two ways:
  • FIG. 12 One is embedded (Fig. 12), that is, the inner hole of the buoyancy chamber 67 is slightly larger than the outer contour of the equipment compartment 74, and the equipment compartment 74 is embedded in the inner hole of the buoyancy chamber 67, and the two can be connected by bolts, or A limit flange 102 is provided at the bottom of the equipment compartment top cover 69 or the inner hole of the buoyancy chamber 67 to prevent the equipment compartment 74 from falling relative to the buoyancy chamber 67, or: the inner surface of the annular bore of the buoyancy chamber or the equipment compartment The outer side is a thick and thin tapered surface, and the equipment compartment is wedged into the inner hole of the buoyancy chamber;
  • the other type is superimposed (not shown), that is, the inner hole of the buoyancy bellows is smaller than the outer contour of the equipment compartment, and the bottom surface of the equipment compartment 74 is fixed to the top surface of the buoyancy chamber 67, and the bottom of the equipment compartment is guided.
  • the cable is changed to be installed at the outlet below the inner hole of the buoyancy bellows; the bottom end of the piston rod of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder is successively from the center hole of the equipment compartment, the inner hole of the buoyancy collar, and the guide installed at the bottom of the buoyancy bilge After passing through the cable, it extends downward and is finally connected to the rope control device;
  • the reason why the floating body is designed as two separable parts of the equipment compartment and the buoyancy compartment is mainly for the convenience of maintenance. See Figure 12, When it is necessary to maintain the equipment compartment, only the bottom surface of the buoyancy chamber 67 is connected with the rope support frame 13 by the rope 44, and the connecting piece of the rope control frame 13 and the lifting ring 75 and the hook 70 are separated from the rope 24, on board.
  • the crane can hook the equipment compartment to the deck by hooking the loop on the top of the tripod 75.
  • the rope control mechanism 13 is suspended by the rope 44 in the water without sinking.
  • the ropes 44 are preferably the same plurality of pieces, and their points are circumferentially uniform.
  • Figure 20 is a single floating body differential pressure reset type B WEC, including a plunger cylinder 2, a floating body 1, a fairlead 11, specifically: the floating body 1 is a square cross-section swimming ring structure; the plunger cylinder 2 cylinder is at the lower plunger rod 3 Upright, the end of the plunger cylinder 2 is fixed at the top surface of the floating body 1, and the top end of the plunger rod 3 of the plunger cylinder 2 is connected to the center of the top edge of a rectangular steel frame 111, and the plunger cylinder 2 and its plunger rod 3 are connected.
  • the four sides of the rectangular steel frame 111 are always surrounded, and the two vertical frames and the bottom frame of the rectangular steel frame 111 are always kept out of contact with the top surface of the floating body 1 and the central hole wall.
  • the center of the bottom side of the rectangular steel frame 111 and a rope 24 The top end is connected, and the other end of the rope 24 passes through the vertical center hole of the floating body 1 and is mounted on the fairlead 11 below the center hole of the floating body, and extends downward to connect the rope control mechanism 79; Fig. 20, 21 And its subsidiary atlas, the generator G and the hydraulic system except the plunger cylinder are all in the floating body cavity (in all the figures herein, the content enclosed by the rounded rectangular dotted line frame, which should be marked with an arrow at the position);
  • the pressure of the high-pressure accumulator >> the pressure of the low-pressure accumulator > atmospheric pressure
  • the rope control mechanism 79 is locked, the rectangular steel frame 111 and the plunger rod 3 connected thereto are not moved in the vertical direction, and the floating body 1 drives the plunger cylinder.
  • the two cylinders move up and down, and the plunger cylinder 2 moves up and down with respect to the plunger rod 3.
  • the plunger cylinder 2 moves upward, the high pressure hydraulic oil extruded by the plunger passes through the quasi-check valve (only standing in the position of the plunger cylinder chamber), the oil filter, the high pressure accumulator, and the hydraulic motor is rotated.
  • the generator is driven to generate electricity and then enters the low-pressure accumulator.
  • the bottom end of the cylinder of the plunger cylinder 2 can also be connected to the top surface of the floating body by means of a lug/hinge/ear earring, as shown in Fig. 21 and its attached sectional view F-F', E- E', partial view A-1, A-2, the bottom end of the cylinder of the plunger cylinder 2 is connected to the top surface of the floating body 1 through the lug 114, and the plunger cylinder 2 has no constraint in the FF' direction,
  • the rectangular steel frame 111 (the upper and lower sides of the rectangular steel frame are the short axis 64, the left and right sides are square steel 113, the short axis 64 penetrates into the hole of the square steel 113), and the unconstrained degree of freedom F -F' vertical two opposite sides are added with a guide roller set 82, the bracket of the guide roller set 82 is mounted on the top surface of the floating body 1, the guide roller set 82 is a pair of axes parallel and the end faces are aligned
  • the connection between the bottom end of the plunger cylinder 2 and the floating body 1 can be designed to be movable (lug/hinge/earring style), and the top edge of the rectangular steel frame passes through the hole at the top end of the plunger rod 3, and The two are clearance fits that allow the top edge to rotate in the hole. However, this causes the plunger cylinder 2 to be free and unconstrained in a certain direction. Once the rectangular steel frame 108 is pressed, the plunger cylinder 2 is immediately inclined, so that the guide roller set 82 is added, which limits the rectangular steel frame 111. The horizontal swing in the direction of the degree of freedom causes the rectangular steel frame 111 and the axial section of the plunger cylinder 2 to always coincide.
  • the plunger cylinder 2 performs fine adjustment of the inclination angle to avoid generation of bending moment and protect the plunger cylinder 2.
  • connection between the bottom end of the cylinder of the plunger cylinder 2 and the floating body 1 is a lug 114. See a partial view A-1.
  • a pair of guide rollers 82 are located between the two vertical frames 113 of the rectangular steel frame, respectively. The inner sides of the left and right vertical frames 113 are in close contact with each other, and the axes of the double rollers 82 are horizontal.
  • the pair of double rollers 82 restrict the swing of the rectangular steel frame 111 in the E-E' direction relative to the cylinder of the plunger cylinder 2 (although The lug has a certain rigidity to resist the swing in this direction, but because the rectangular steel frame has too much pulling force and the width of the lug is limited, the anti-overturning moment is limited, so it is better to add the guiding roller set in the EE' direction); 'The direction is two pairs of wire rollers 82.
  • the two vertical frames of the rectangular steel frame pass through the two pairs of wire rollers (see Figure 21A-2) to limit the moment.
  • the steel frame is swung relative to the hydraulic cylinder 2 along the FF'.
  • the guide roller set 82 can also be replaced by a pair of limit stop bars.
  • the limit stop bar is a hard small solid of any shape, which is replaced with the position of the roller 82 to play the same limit function, but The limit bar has a smooth surface to reduce frictional reduction with the rectangular steel frame 111.
  • the hydraulic pipe 35 connected to the inlet and outlet ports of the bottom end of the plunger cylinder penetrates from the top cover of the floating body 1; preferably, the cylinder top end cylinder head of the plunger cylinder 2 and a vertical short pipe bottom
  • the port is consolidated and the joint is sealed.
  • the vertical tube is sleeved on the plunger rod and has a gap with the plunger rod.
  • the drain tube 115 is taken out from the side of the vertical tube and then drilled into the chamber from the top cover of the floating body 1. Inside, finally enters an open fuel tank; the hydraulic oil leaked from the plunger cylinder 2 seeps out from the top seal ring, accumulates in the vertical short pipe, and flows away from the side drain pipe 115.
  • the electrically driven electric charge pump sent by the wave generator extracts hydraulic oil from the open type oil tank and injects into the closed hydraulic circulation system; further, adds a single chip microcomputer and an auxiliary power supply circuit, the single chip microcomputer The electric charge pump is started and stopped according to the signal from the pressure sensor on the liquid level sensor/closed circulation hydraulic system in the open fuel tank.
  • the rope 24+ fairlead 11 in FIG. 20 is replaced by a square tube 108+ double fairlead 11 (ie, scheme 2-3), specifically: the bottom frame of the rectangular steel frame 111
  • the midpoint is instead connected to a vertical square tube 108 which passes through the upper and lower two fairleads 11 mounted on the bottom of the floating body 1, the bottom end of the square tube 108 and the top surface of the rope control mechanism 79 Consolidation; the four rollers of the fairlead 11 are in close contact with the four sides of the square tube 108;
  • square tube + double cable guide can also be used.
  • Figure 12 (not shown in the square tube scheme): the bottom end of the piston rod 3 protruding below the single rod piston cylinder is changed to a vertical square tube top end connection, the square tube passes through two upper and lower fairleads mounted on the bottom of the floating body 67, the bottom end of the square tube is consolidated with the top surface of the rope control mechanism; the four rollers of the cable guide The columns and the four sides of the square tube are closely attached one by one;
  • Scheme 2-3 can also be applied to various WECs in the CN 103104408 A application, such as Figure 1, square tube + double cable guide replacing the rope 24 + rope guide 11 therein, wherein the bottom end of the piston rod 3 of the hydraulic cylinder Connected to the top end of the square tube, the square tube passes through two fairleads spaced apart from the bottom of the floating body 1, and the bottom end of the square tube is connected to a control rope frame 13 (not shown in Fig. 1) 2-3, the rope control device can be of various types herein).
  • the upper and lower fairlead 11 functions as a guide rail for restricting the swinging of the square tube 108 to guide the up and down movement, and the square tube 108 transmits the pulling force, and at the same time, the control rope mechanism 79 and the WEC are integrated into one whole.
  • the stability of the rope control mechanism 79 in the water is greatly improved, and the leakage of the gas stored inside is reduced for the semi-closed casing having only the bottom opening.
  • the wires from the floating body to the rope control mechanism can also pass through the square tube to protect the wires.
  • the cable 12 is a twisted pair, starting from the cavity of the floating body 1, drilling the floating body 1, and then entering from the top port of the square tube 108, drilling from the bottom port of the square tube 108, and entering the semi-closed housing of the rope control mechanism. Finally, the electric control unit 16 is connected.
  • the cable casing here is a vertical thin straight pipe 109, and the top end of the thin straight pipe is connected with the bottom end of the cylinder of the plunger cylinder 2, and the thin straight pipe is inserted into the square pipe.
  • the thin straight tube 109 should still be partially inserted into the square tube 108, so that the cable 12 is protected.
  • One of the sections of the cable 12 is a spiral cable 121 to accommodate the length of the distance between the thin straight tube 109 and the rope control mechanism.
  • a vertical tube can be added to the bottom of the float, the fairlead is mounted in the vertical tube, and the space occupied by the other components in the tube is filled with foam.
  • a vertical pipe 71 is installed at the bottom of the floating body 1.
  • the axis of the vertical pipe 71 coincides with the center line of the center through hole of the floating body 1, and the upper and lower cable guides 11 are respectively mounted on the vertical axis.
  • Straight tube 71 inside the top and bottom.
  • the vertical tube is made into a cylindrical shape, easy to clean the attachments, easy to paint, and filled with foam material to enhance buoyancy and reduce the space that marine organisms can attach.
  • the height of the rope control mechanism 79 and the square tube 108, the rectangular steel frame 111, and the plunger rod 3 connected thereto are constant, and the floating body 1 drives the plunger cylinder 2 to move up and down.
  • the top surface of the floating body 1 collides with the limiting block 106 on the rectangular steel frame 111, at which time the steel limiting block 106 is just close to the end of stroke sensor 9 (ie Metal proximity switch), the end of stroke sensor 9 sends a signal to the MCU of the single-chip microcomputer, and the MCU controls the SSR solid-state relay of the closed-loop circuit to be turned on. At this time, the current of the power supply drives the electric control unit 16 of the control rope mechanism through the cable 12, and the control rope mechanism 79 is placed. rope.
  • the end of stroke sensor 9 ie Metal proximity switch
  • Section III Another rope-controlled hydraulic cylinder WEC is a double-floating force-reset type WEC, which is divided into type A and type B.
  • the structure of type A (see Figure 18) is: a hollow column 81 (cylindrical), placed vertically The bottom end of the top opening is closed, an annular floating body 80 is sleeved on the column 81, and the inner wall of the annular floating body 80 has a certain gap with the side of the column 81.
  • the top surface of the annular floating body 80 is fixed with an erected ⁇ bracket 83/(or three Leg frame), the center line of the ⁇ bracket 83/three leg frame coincides with the axis of the column 81, the piston rod handle of the erected single-acting piston cylinder 2 and the bottom of the ⁇ bracket 83 (or the three leg frame) beam center flexible/universal Connection 84, the end of the cylinder of the single-acting piston cylinder 2 and the bottom surface of the column cavity can be connected by a flexible/universal connection, and the chain connection is also adopted by a chain + pad.
  • the end of the cylinder of the piston cylinder 2 passes through the chain 22 (or The two locking rings that are hooked to each other are connected to the bottom of the column 81.
  • two spacers 89 are fixed at the bottom of the cavity of the column 81.
  • the height of the block 89 is slightly smaller than the bottom end of the piston block 2 and the column 81.
  • the bottom clearance in the cavity because the chain 22 can be pulled but can not be pressed, if it is pressed, the piston cylinder 2 may be biased to one side, and After the piston cylinder 2 will move up and down, resulting in loss of use of wave height, and using the pad 89, when the piston cylinder 2 is pressed downward, able to withstand the pad 89 of the piston cylinder 2 cylinder.
  • the spacer 89 can also be applied to other places in the present specification that have flexible connections and are under stress conditions.
  • the hydraulic system circulation route is: an open type oil tank 72, an admission check valve, a rod cavity of the single-acting piston cylinder, a quasi-out check valve, an accumulator, a hydraulic motor, and a hydraulic motor drives the generator to generate electricity;
  • the bottom end of the column 81 can be consolidated with a cylindrical/ellipsoidal underwater buoyancy chamber 52 to increase the buoyancy, and the center lines of the columns coincide.
  • the column 81, or the bottom of the underwater buoyancy chamber 52 is consolidated with the top end of a vertical rod/vertical tube 71, and the center lines of the two are coincident; the column 81 + the underwater buoyancy chamber 52 + vertical
  • the straight/vertical tube 71 is a unit that is consolidated together and is a column overall.
  • the bottom end of the column is connected to the rope control device 13.
  • the hydraulic system is mounted within the column 81 or within the underwater buoyancy chamber 52. If the piston cylinder 2 is inverted, the hydraulic system is installed in the annular floating body 80. As shown in Fig. 19, the hydraulic pipe from the port of the piston cylinder 2 extends upwardly against the cylinder of the piston cylinder 2 to the top beam of the ⁇ bracket 83, and then One side extends, then goes down the ⁇ bracket leg 83 on one side, and finally drills into the cavity of the annular float 80.
  • the annular floating body 80 applies an upward pulling force to the column through the ⁇ bracket 83 and the piston cylinder 2. Since the rope control device 79 locks the length of the rope between the rope control frame 13 and the gravity anchor 17, the column 81 cannot be upward. Movement, so the annular floating body 80 rises relative to the column. At this time, the piston cylinder 2 is pulled to extrude high-pressure hydraulic oil. The high-pressure hydraulic oil is driven by the check valve and the accumulator to drive the hydraulic motor to rotate. Go to the open tank 72. The hydraulic motor drives the generator to generate electricity.
  • the rope control device will respond. For example, the wave rising annular floating body 80 has risen to When the stroke limit is reached, the rope control device will release the rope (there is a solution to the rope control device). At this time, the column 81 floats up (according to the designed column total + control rope mechanism, the net buoyancy is greater than that of the rope receiving member of the rope control mechanism) The pull-down force generated by the ring-shaped floating body 80 follows the wave surface slowly rising, and the column is generally floated upward by the water, so the annular floating body 80 moves downward relative to the column, and the piston cylinder 2 is compressed and reset. The rope control device then locks the rope.
  • the annular floating body 80 falls to the lowest point of the working stroke, and the piston cylinder 2 is compressed and reset. Then if the water surface continues to drop, the overall buoyancy of the annular floating body 80+ column overall + control rope mechanism 79 will be smaller, so small that it cannot maintain sufficient buoyancy and has to fall with the waves, then the entire WEC will have to When it falls, the rope control device collects the rope under the action of the rope collecting member.
  • FIGS. 10, 11, and 14D are also such a structure.
  • two upper and lower guide rollers 82 may be mounted on the inner ring wall of the annular floating body 80, and the guide rollers 82 of each layer are uniformly distributed in three or more, so that the annular floating body 80 is used.
  • the guide roller 82 can roll up and down the column 81 to reduce frictional resistance.
  • a rail manner can also be adopted. As shown in FIG. 19, the upper and lower ends of the vertical two rails 86 are fixed by the steel frame 88 and the column 81, and the two rails respectively pass through two vertical holes on the annular floating body 80.
  • a low friction coefficient material such as polytetrafluoroethylene is coated on the surface of the guide rail 86 and the inner wall of the vertical hole of the annular floating body 80.
  • the up and down movement of the annular floating body 80 should be a limited position mechanism.
  • the piston cylinder itself can also have a limited position.
  • the limit block should be specially set (see the limit block 106 installed on the column 81 in FIG. 11).
  • the top of the underwater buoyancy chamber 52 or the ⁇ bracket 83 can be used as the lower limit limit block.
  • the upper limit of the stroke of the annular floating body 80 may be a flange 102 at the top end of the column 81.
  • the upper and lower steel arms 88 of the guide rail 86 can serve as the upper and lower limit blocks of the annular floating body 80.
  • the second type of double-floating force-reset B-type WEC is illustrated in Figure 19, which is mostly the same as the structure of the A-type. The difference is that the overall column-supporting rope mechanism 79 does not have to maintain sufficient net buoyancy or even a specific gravity. Water, but added to the pulley weight mechanism.
  • the pulley frame of the pulley 56 is connected to the bottom surface of the annular floating body 80.
  • One end of the rope 76 is connected to a weight 51, and the other end extends upward. After the pulley 56 is bypassed, the lower end extends downward, and finally is attached to the column 81 as a whole.
  • the small wave lower rope control device 79 is in a braking state, the length of the rope between the column main body and the gravity anchor 17 is fixed, and the up and down movement of the annular floating body 80 does not reach the end point of the up and down movement stroke.
  • the wet weight of the weight 51 (gravity minus the buoyancy received in the water) exerts a pulling force on the rope 76 which, along the rope 76, passes through the fixed pulley 56 and is then pulled up the column 81.
  • the rope 76 provides sufficient upward pulling force to the column as a whole so that the column overall + control device 79 does not sink, even if the column overall + control device 79 has a specific gravity greater than water.
  • the overall column can neither be up (the rope device locks the length of the rope, can not be elongated), and can not sink, so the column as a whole becomes a stable relative motion reference point.
  • the annular floating body 80 fluctuates with the waves, and moves up and down with respect to the column 81.
  • the piston cylinder 2 is pulled or retracted by the ⁇ bracket 83. When the piston rod of the piston cylinder 2 is stretched, the piston cylinder 2 outputs high-pressure hydraulic oil.
  • the energy regulator regulates the rotation of the hydraulic motor to drive the generator to generate electricity.
  • the piston cylinder 2 has a rod chamber pressure drop. Under the action of atmospheric pressure, the hydraulic oil enters the piston cylinder 2 from the open tank through the admission check valve.
  • the annular floating body 80 When the wave surface of the big wave falls, the annular floating body 80 first falls to the lowest point of the stroke, and the resetting stroke of the piston cylinder 2 ends. If the water surface continues to descend, the annular floating body 80 cannot continue to descend relative to the column as a whole due to the limitation of the position.
  • the annular floating body 80+ column overall + control rope mechanism frame + weight block 51 can be simplified as an object, the water surface is lowered, then the object is subjected to buoyancy and will have to fall, and the rope control device is in charge. The rope is taken up by the rope member.
  • the weight 51 is annular and is sleeved on the vertical rod 53, and the inner side of the ring of the weight 51 maintains a gap with the side of the vertical rod 53, and a rope is attached to each side of the weight 51.
  • 76 (only one set is drawn in the figure), the other ends of the two ropes 76 extend upward, and then extend downwardly around a pulley 56 above them, and finally connected to the vertical rod 53 below the column 81.
  • the pulley frame of the two pulleys 56 is connected to the bottom surface of the annular floating body 80, and the two connection points are symmetric with respect to the axis of the column 81; further preferably: the upper and lower layers of the guide roller group 82 are installed in the ring of the weight 51, and each layer is 3
  • the above guiding rollers are evenly distributed, and the design purpose is to make the weight 51 use the vertical rod 53 as a guide rail to avoid unconstrained swaying of the weight 51.
  • Section IV For the above-mentioned double-floating force-reset type WEC and single-float differential pressure-reset type WEC, it is preferable to further include a tension spring vibrator mechanism for the spring vibrator mechanism to resonate with a certain wave condition, thereby making the floating body 1 direction It falls deeper and rises higher. Specifically:
  • a tension spring is inserted between the weight and the rope, that is, the weight is connected to one end of the tension spring, and the other end of the tension spring is connected to one end of the rope.
  • the structure is such that one end of a tension spring 33 is connected with a weight 51, and the other end of the tension spring 33 is connected with a rope 76, and the other end of the rope 76 extends upwardly.
  • a pulley 56 then extends downwardly and finally to the column 81.
  • the pulley frame of the pulley 56 is connected to the bottom surface of the annular floating body 80.
  • the structure is: one end of a rope 76 is attached to the frame 13 of the rope control device, the other end of the rope 76 extends upwards around a pulley 56 and then down After extending, it is attached to one end of the tension spring 33, and the other end of the tension spring 33 is connected with a weight 51, and the pulley frame of the pulley 56 is connected to the bottom surface of the floating body 1;
  • the bottom of the floating body is consolidated with a vertical pipe 71, and the weight 51 is annularly sleeved on the vertical pipe 71; the inner wall of the ring of the weight 51 is mounted.
  • Two upper and lower guiding rollers 82 are arranged, and more than three guiding rollers of each layer are evenly distributed.
  • the weight 51 moves up and down with the upright pipe 71 as a guide rail. Since the floating body and the rope control mechanism are connected by the rope 24, the equipment compartment 74 may be subjected to various tilting movements with the vertical pipe 71. To avoid rubbing the rope 76, the following design is added: the pulley 56 is installed in the upper hole of the vertical pipe 71.
  • the vertical tube axis section of the hole is perpendicular to the axis of the pulley 56, the pulley 56 is half exposed outside the vertical tube, half is in the vertical tube, and one end of the tension spring 33 is connected to the weight 51, One end is connected to the rope 76, and the other end of the rope 76 is wound upwards around the hole pulley 56, and then enters the vertical pipe 71 and extends downward, passing through the respective fairleads 11 at the bottom end of the vertical pipe 71 (all the cable guides herein) After the 11/double roller fairlead 20 is not versatile, the frame 13 of the last connection control mechanism is extended downward.
  • the weight 51 can also adopt another constraint mechanism. As shown in FIG. 9, the left and right weights 51 are respectively installed with upper and lower two slip rings 77, and each side of the slip ring 77 passes through a rope 76, each of which One end of the rope 76 is connected to the frame 13 of the rope control mechanism, and the other end extends upward, and after passing around the respective pulleys 56, it is extended downwardly to the one end of the same tension spring 33, and the other end of the tension spring 33 is connected to the weight 51.
  • the pulley frame of the two pulleys 56 is connected to the bottom surface of the floating body. The weight 51 is prevented from swinging and rotating by the two tensioned ropes 76.
  • the weight 51 is mounted on the slide rail 86.
  • the bottom end of the slide rail 86 is connected to the flexible/universal connection 84 of the rope control mechanism, and the top end of the slide rail 86 is connected to one end of the rope 76.
  • the other end After the pulley 56 is bypassed and extended downward, one end of a tension spring 33 is connected, and the other end of the tension spring 33 is connected to the weight 51.
  • the pulley frame of the pulley 56 is connected to the bottom surface of the floating body 1 in a flexible/universal connection 84.
  • the slide rail 86 is a restraining mechanism that moves as the guide weight 51.
  • the two restraining mechanisms of Fig. 9 can also be applied to a single floating body differential pressure reset type B, double floating body weight reset type WEC.
  • the structure is: one end of a rope 76 is attached to the frame 79 of the rope control device, and the other end of the rope 76 extends upwardly around a pulley 56. Later, it extends downward and is attached to one end of the tension spring 33. The other end of the tension spring 33 is connected to a weight 51.
  • the pulley frame of the pulley 56 is connected to the bottom surface of the floating body 1.
  • the weight 51 is annular, and is sleeved on a vertical pipe 71 fixed at the bottom of the center hole of the floating body 1, and the inner ring wall of the weight 51 has a certain gap with the vertical pipe 71;
  • the weight 51 Two upper and lower guide rollers 82 are mounted on the inner ring wall, and each layer of guide rollers 82 is three or more and evenly distributed to reduce the movement resistance.
  • Section V The above mainly talks about the WEC part of the rope-controlled hydraulic cylinder.
  • the following describes the control rope device, including the control cable electrical module and the actuator.
  • the control rope electrical module is the control part, and the actuator is also called the control rope mechanism.
  • the mechanical part of the device, including the linear rotary motion conversion and attachment mechanism, the electric control actuator, the frame of the rope control mechanism of this section, are connected to the WEC above it, which is different from the CN 103104408 A.
  • the main shaft of the rotating member of the linear rotary motion conversion mechanism is mounted on the frame through a bearing & a seat; three kinds of linear rotary motion conversion and an auxiliary mechanism are respectively;
  • the first type is a rolling sprocket + a rolling chain type, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10.
  • the structure of the rope control mechanism is: the bottom end of the control rope mechanism frame 13 is fixed to the top end of a vertical straight cylinder 63, and the weight 18 is in the straight cylinder 63. There is a gap between the inside and the inner wall of the straight cylinder 63.
  • One roller chain 93 is connected at one end to the weight 18 as a rope collecting member, and the other end is wound upwards around the roller sprocket 92 and then enters the straight cylinder 63 to continue extending to connect one end of the rope 24.
  • the other end of the rope 24 continues to extend downward through the vertical through hole in the counterweight 18, and then passes down through the fairlead 11 installed at the bottom end of the straight cylinder 63, and continues to be tied down.
  • one end of a chain 22 is connected to the gravity anchor 17 of the rope-controlled hydraulic cylinder wave generator (the chain 22 is connected by a ⁇ -shaped guide rod) Gravity anchor), the other end passes up through the fairlead 11 installed at the bottom end of the frame 13 of the rope control mechanism, bypasses the ring sprocket 29, and then passes down through the other end of the bottom of the control rope mechanism frame. After the fairlead 11, continue to extend downward, and finally connected to a counterweight 18;
  • the ring sprocket + chain can also be replaced by a friction wheel + rope, see Fig. 6, one end of the rope 24 is connected to the gravity anchor 17 of the rope controlled hydraulic cylinder wave power generation system, and the other end is upwardly mounted through the control rope mechanism frame 13 After the bottom end of the fairlead 11, the friction wheel 48 is bypassed (the figure is a plurality of friction wheels, which are first regarded as a friction wheel), and then passed down to the other end of the bottom of the control mechanism frame 13 After the fairlead 11, continue to extend downward, and finally connected to a counterweight 18;
  • the third type main and secondary reel type, as shown in FIG. 2, specifically: the main reel 23 and the sub reel 37 are connected by a main shaft 41 (or interlocked by a gear/chain transmission mechanism), and one end of the main rope 21 is fixed. And wound on the main reel 23, the other end of the main rope 21 passes down through a cable guide 11 installed at the bottom end of the rope control frame 13, and then continues downward, and finally connected to the rope of the rope control cylinder On the gravity anchor 17 of the generator, one end of the secondary cable 43 is fixed and wound around the secondary reel 37, and the other end of the secondary cable 43 passes through another cable guide 11 mounted at the bottom end of the frame of the rope control mechanism 13.
  • the weight 18 can also be replaced by a tension spring (see Fig. 11, the other end of the tension spring 33 is fixed at On the frame 13, at this time, the cable guide through which the secondary cable passes can be omitted);
  • the rotating members (roller sprocket/friction wheel/ring sprocket/main reel) of the three linear rotary motion conversion mechanisms are connected to the rotor shaft of the electric control unit 16 through the main shaft 41 or through the transmission mechanism (see 2) in conjunction with the rotor of the electric control unit 16, the stator of the electric control unit 16 is fixed to the frame 13.
  • Rotating member and rope control liquid of the linear rotation conversion mechanism The rope 24/loop 22/main rope 21 between the gravity anchors 17 of the cylinder wave generator is defined as the energy cable, which is the aforementioned elongated member with controllable relative motion between the frame and the frame.
  • the rope 24 / the chain 22 / the secondary cable 43 between the linear rotation conversion mechanism rotating member and the weight 18 is defined as a reset cable;
  • the control cord electrical module energizes/de-energizes the actuator's electrical control unit 16 so that it is in the brake/release state.
  • the rotor of the electric control unit 16 When in the braking state, the rotor of the electric control unit 16 is locked and cannot be rotated, and the rotating member of the linear rotation conversion mechanism connected or linked with the shaft cannot be rotated, so that the energy cable 30 cannot be pulled out relative to the frame 13 or
  • the length of the energy cable between the rope control frame 13 and the gravity anchor 17 is fixed, the height of the rope control frame 13 is stabilized, and the WEC sea surface floating body can be moved relative to the frame 13
  • the reference point is used to collect the converted wave energy.
  • the rotor thereof When the electric control actuator 16 is in the released state, the rotor thereof can be rotated, and the rotating member of the linear rotary motion conversion mechanism connected or linked with the shaft can also rotate, and the energy cable can be received or released relative to the frame 13 at this time.
  • the tension of the rope member (weight 18/tension spring 33) is reversed by the return cable on the main shaft 41, which is the opposite of the torque generated by the picking force.
  • the two are like tug-of-war, and the strong side is turned to the other side.
  • the control cable electrical module locks the electric control device 16
  • the control is performed.
  • the height between the rope mechanism frame 13 and the gravity anchor 17 is higher than before, so that the reference point of the rope control mechanism frame reaches a new height; and when the floating body of the WEC falls with the rope control mechanism frame, The distance between the rope control mechanism frame 13 and the gravity anchor 17 is shortened, and the energy-carrying cable pulling force disappears.
  • the rotating member of the linear rotation conversion mechanism rotates accordingly, thereby tightening the energy supply cable.
  • the cord control electric module locks the electric control unit 16 at this time, the distance between the rope control mechanism frame 13 and the gravity anchor 17 is fixed and shortened. The above is the working principle of the rope control mechanism.
  • the anti-wrap mechanism mainly includes:
  • the catenary can also be replaced by a length of rope with a heavy weight in the middle of the rope;
  • the side-by-side pulley side pull type side mark, that is, the buoy near the WEC floating body.
  • a buoy C is added at a certain distance around the floating body of the rope-controlled wave generator B (the buoy C belongs to the anchor array, and other buoys around the buoyant B can also be selected as the side marker), and the buoy B and the buoy C are tied.
  • one end of a string 76 is attached to the counterweight 18, the other end extends below the buoy C, extends downwardly around a pulley 56, and finally connects a weight 51, the pulley frame of the pulley 56
  • the bottom surface of the buoy C is connected by the second rope 49; the weight 18 can also be omitted, and the reset cable 50 can be directly connected to the rope 76, and the weight 51 can be used as a weight for collecting the rope;
  • the fourth type the submarine pulley side pull type: one end of the rope is connected to the counterweight, the other end extends downward to one side, then extends upwards around a pulley, and finally connects to an underwater float, the pulley pulley frame Connecting another anchor base through the second rope; or omitting the weight, that is, the reset cable from the floating body is directly connected to one end of the rope, and the other end of the rope extends downward to one side, and then after a pulley Finally, an underwater float is connected, and the pulley pulley frame is connected to the other anchor base through the second rope;
  • the counterweight 18 has a component in the horizontal direction. This component force causes the counterweight 18 to always deviate to the side, thereby separating the reset cable from the energy-storing fork and avoiding entanglement with each other.
  • the rope 76 (or the catenary 22) of the side pull weight 18 may not be directly connected to the weight 18 but connected to the weight 18 by a hard straight rod 61, as shown in Fig. 14, that is, the rope 76 and the straight straight
  • the rod 61 is connected at one end, and the other end of the hard straight rod 61 is connected to the counterweight 18 in a flexible/universal manner 84; this has the advantage that the counterweight 18 even swings to the left side of the energy cable 30 even if the right end of the hard straight rod 61 is still On the right side of the energy cable 30, the weight 18 is still unable to rotate around the energy cable 30 because the hard straight rod 61 cannot be bent.
  • the addition of the hard straight rod 61 further enhances the tamper resistance, and the flexible universal joint 84 allows the hard straight rod 61 to follow the angle of the rope 76 to avoid bending moments on the weight 18.
  • the fifth type is a single-recovery double-recovering cable type, as shown in Fig. 4:
  • the linear rotary conversion mechanism is mainly a secondary reel type, and includes a main reel 23, two coaxial and identical sub-reel 37,
  • the main rope 21 passes through a vertical through hole in the weight 18, and the through hole passes through the geometric center and the center of mass of the weight;
  • the weight is cylindrical or cubic or other left and right symmetrical solid, two secondary ropes
  • the cables are respectively attached to the left and right sides of the weight 18;
  • a fairlead/dual roller cable clamp 20 is mounted at the upper and lower inlets of the through hole, the main rope passing through the fairlead/double roller cable cutter 20 to reduce friction.
  • the rope control mechanism has two sets of the same coaxial main drum 23 (or ring sprocket/friction wheel) with a certain axial distance and the supporting energy cable. 21, the two energy-harvesting cables 21 continue to extend downward after passing through the respective corresponding fairlead 11/double-roller fairleades mounted at the bottom end of the frame 13, respectively, from the counterweights 18 at a distance of two Pass through the vertical hole and finally connect to the gravity anchor 17; principle: use the two tensioned energy cable 21 as a track to guide the weight 18 up and down. When the counterweight 18 rotates, the two energy cables 21 apply a reverse torque to the counterweight 18 to prevent the counterweight 18 from rotating.
  • the upper and lower entrances and exits of the vertical holes on the counterweight 18 are provided with double roller guides 20 (or fairleads) for guiding the ropes in and out to reduce the rope friction; however, the design of Fig. 2 may result in two The pulling force of the energy-harvesting cable 21 is uneven because the rope-controlling mechanism frame 13 is rocked and tilted in the water. In order to solve this problem, it is preferred to introduce a tension equalization mechanism with three designs:
  • Design 1 Adopt the pulley method, as shown in Fig. 2B, that is, the two energy-generating cables 21 which are to be connected downwardly from the rope control mechanism and which are to be connected with the gravity anchor 17 are instead merged and wound around the gravity anchor 17 Passing through a pulley 56, the pulley frame of the pulley 56 is connected to the gravity anchor 17 through a rope, and the pulley 56 makes the tension of the two energy-harvesting cables 21 always the same;
  • Design 2 As shown in FIG. 7, the two energy-generating cables 30 are not connected to the gravity anchor 17 first, and then respectively connected to the two ends of a hard straight rod 61, and the hard straight rod 61 is connected to the gravity anchor through the V-shaped rope 55. 17, that is, the two top ends of the V-shaped rope 55 are respectively connected to the two ends of the hard straight rod 61, and the bottom end of the V-shaped rope 55 is connected to the gravity anchor 17 in a flexible/universal manner 84; this design also requires a rope control mechanism and The WEC connection adopts the U-ring/single rope/V-shaped rope method (see later) to achieve the uniform force of the tension.
  • FIG. 2A Design 3: FIG. 2A, the two energy-harvesting cables 21 are directly connected to the gravity anchor 17, and the connection between the WEC and the rope control mechanism adopts a U-shaped ring 14 manner, and the front side of the control rope mechanism frame 13 is fixed with a short axis.
  • One end of the 64, the rear side also consolidates one end of the other short shaft, two short-axis coaxial lines, which are respectively inserted into the two holes of a U-shaped ring 14, the outer side of the middle section of the U-shaped ring 14 Connected to the WEC; the short axis axis is perpendicular to the position of the two fairleads 11 through which the two energy-generating cables 21 pass, and coincides with the midpoint of the connecting line; mechanical analysis shows that the force acting point is always On the center line of the two mining cables, the two mining cables are equal.
  • the connection between the WEC and the rope control mechanism frame can be U-ring/single rope/V-shaped rope connection;
  • the U-ring connection is the connection method of design 3
  • the single rope connection (Fig. 2) is:
  • One end of the chain 22 is connected to the WEC, and the other end is connected to a point on the top of the frame 13 of the rope control mechanism, and the point is to be at the center line FF' of the two energy cables (the two are straightened)
  • the energy cable 21 defines a plane in which a straight line lies between the two parallel and at equal distances, which is the intersection of the center line FF') and the top end of the control mechanism frame;
  • the rope connection mode that is, the plane of the V-shaped rope 55 above the rope control frame 13 is first parallel to the two straightened energy-generating cables 30, and then the bottom end of the V-shaped rope 55 is placed at the center.
  • a V-shaped rope is adopted for the connection between the rope control mechanism and the WEC and the gravity anchor.
  • the plane of the V-shaped rope 55 and the plane of the two parallel energy-generating cables can be at any angle, and FIG. 7 is a coincident relationship, and the straight line in the figure
  • the rotary motion conversion mechanism is the friction wheel 48 and the energy-generating cable 30, and there may be cases where the lengths of the two energy-generating cables 30 are not equal. At this time, it can be known that the pull-out cable 30 with a longer length is pulled.
  • the seventh type the double catenary block type, see Fig. 5: one side of each side of the weight 18 connected to the reset cable 50 is an anchor chain 22, and the two anchor chains are separated from the sides to the sides, each anchor The other end of the chain 22 is respectively connected with a gravity anchor 17 / grab anchor 46; (the anchor chain 22 can also be replaced by an anchor cable, but should be heavy in the middle of the anchor cable); the weight 18 can also be omitted, so that the reset cable 50 is directly connected with two anchor chains 22 (or anchor cables) to form an inverted Y-shaped structure;
  • This solution utilizes the collision between the suspended anchor chain 22 and the energy-carrying cable 30 to prevent the weight 18 from rotating around the energy-harvesting cable 30, thereby preventing the energy-harvesting cable from being entangled with the resetting cable, obviously no matter the weight 18 How to exercise, the energy cable 30 has been on the side of the connection of the two anchor chains 22, but in order to prevent the mining cable 30 from being worn, the lower half of the energy cable 30 can be replaced with a hard straight rod 61, a hard straight rod 61 bottom The end is connected to the gravity anchor 17 in a flexible/universal connection 84 to allow the hard straight rod 61 to tilt freely.
  • the casing of the mechanism communicates with the inside of the casing, and the counterweight maintains a gap with the inner wall of the sliding cylinder.
  • the cable guide passing through the reset cable above the counterweight is omitted, and the cable guide through which the energy cable passes is changed to be installed outside the bottom of the sliding cylinder.
  • the sliding cylinder limits the reset cable + weight to avoid the mutual entanglement between the reset cable and the energy cable, and at the same time, the cable guide through which the energy cable passes is installed on the outer side of the bottom end of the slider. The friction winding of the energy cable and the sliding cylinder is avoided.
  • the ninth type wearing a hanging anchor type, see FIG. 14: the hanging anchor below the floating body D, that is, the gravity anchor 17, is suspended by the two ropes 57 in the water; the resetting cable 50 is from the vertical through hole on the gravity anchor 17. After passing through, continue to extend downwardly to connect the weight 18; similarly, the reset cable 50 under the WEC floating body B can also adopt a similar anti-wrap mechanism, but the pulley frame of the pulley 56 is required to be consolidated with the gravity anchor 17, and the control rope is required.
  • the mechanism frame 13 is restrained from rotating, and the means can be used to fix the WEC and the rope control mechanism frame or connect the WEC floating body and the rope control mechanism frame with a rope on both sides to prevent relative rotation, and the WEC floating body It is also necessary to constrain the rotation.
  • the WEC float is pulled by the third rope 44 on both sides and cannot rotate.
  • the gravity anchor 17 is not self-rotating, so that for the reset cable 50, the upper end is constrained by the cable guide/double roller cable clamp at the bottom of the control rope mechanism frame, and the lower end is restrained by the vertical through hole of the gravity anchor. It is impossible to wrap around the energy cable 30.
  • the cable guide 11/double roller cable clamp is installed at the upper and lower inlets of the through hole, and the reset cable 50 is passed through the cable guide/double roller cable clamp; this can reduce the damage of the reset cable 50. friction.
  • Tenth, ⁇ -shaped guide rod type As shown in Fig. 1, the lower half of the energy-consuming cable (chain 22) is replaced by a ⁇ -shaped guide rod 19, that is, the right-hand corner of the tang-shaped guide rod 19 is connected first.
  • the bottom end of the long rod portion of the ⁇ -shaped guide rod 19 is connected to the gravity anchor 17 by a pair of lock rings 84 hooked to each other, and the reset cable (the chain 22 between the rope support frame 13 and the weight 18) is mounted from the ⁇ shape
  • the outer end of the short rod of the guide rod passes through the cable guide 11/double roller cable clamp, and the counterweight 18 is provided with a vertical through hole, ⁇ -shaped guide
  • the long rod portion of the rod passes through the fairlead 11 installed at the upper and lower inlet and outlet of the vertical through hole;
  • the long rod portion of the ⁇ -shaped guide rod 19 has a rectangular cross section, and the four sides of the long rod portion are respectively matched with The four rollers of the fairlead 11 on the weight 18 are closely attached one by one;
  • the long rod portion of the ⁇ -shaped guide rod 19 serves as a guide rail for the up and down movement of the weight 18, and the fairlead 11 on the counterweight 18 corresponds to the guide roller so that the weight 18 does not guide relative to the ⁇ shape.
  • the rod 19 rotates. Since the connection between the ⁇ -shaped guide bar 19 and the gravity anchor 17 is a pair of lock rings (one is fixed to the bottom end of the ⁇ -shaped guide bar and the other is fixed with gravity), the ⁇ -shaped guide bar cannot be rotated at a large angle, so As long as the rope control frame 13 is restrained from the rotation angle (see the ninth type of anti-wrap mechanism for the limited rotation method), the energy cable and the reset cable above the ⁇ -shaped guide bar are not entangled with each other.
  • the anti-wrap mechanism of this section can also be applied to other anti-winding occasions between sea ropes, such as the traction rope 3 in Fig. 1 of Fig. 6, Fig7, 2C, CN101344063A in US20130200626, and the energy recovery cable and reset cable in the application number 201610523880X. .
  • the friction wheel may be two or more to form the friction wheel set, as shown in Fig. 7, this figure is a friction wheel set drawn from the front view. (Fig. 6 is an axial viewing angle, but there are five friction wheel units), and there are two energy-generating cables 30, and two friction wheels are frictionally engaged with a certain energy-generating cable 30.
  • the friction wheel 48 is axially coupled to the gear 47.
  • the friction wheel 48, the gear 47, the shaft 41 and its bearing & seat 54 form a friction wheel gear unit.
  • the shaft 41 is mounted on the frame 13 of the rope control device via the bearing & seat 54, two The same friction wheel gear unit axes are parallel, co-directional, end-face aligned and sequentially mounted on the frame 13, and the gears 47 of the two friction wheel gear units mesh, but the outer diameter of each friction wheel 48 is smaller than the gear.
  • the gear 47 of one of the units of the friction wheel set is connected with the rotor shaft of the electric control unit 16 (through the overrunning clutch 15), and the rope (ie, the energy cable) 30) sequentially winding the friction wheel 48 of each friction wheel gear unit;
  • the gear diameters of the two friction wheel gear units may also be different, and the diameters of the two friction wheels may also be different, but each friction wheel gear unit
  • the ratio of the friction wheel diameter to the gear index circle diameter is the same. As shown in Fig.
  • a plurality of (for example, five) friction gear units are mounted according to the above parallel, same direction, and end face alignment rules, and the gears of the friction gear unit are serially engaged (similar to the train compartment), that is, ABCDE, one
  • the root ropes 24 are wound around the friction wheel of each of the friction gear units in the order of engagement, and the shaft 41 of the entire friction wheel set, which still has only one friction gear unit, is coupled to the rotor shaft of the electric control unit.
  • the main shaft 41 connected to the shaft can be rotated, and all the gears 47 and the friction wheels 48 can also be rotated, and the rope 24 can drive the entire row of friction wheels 48 to move. Since the respective friction wheels wound by the ropes 24 are necessarily equal in linear velocity, and the respective gears are intermeshing, the linear speeds of all the gears are also equal.
  • the gear diameters are not equal, as long as the gear diameter of each friction wheel unit is ⁇
  • the ratio of the diameter of the friction wheel is the same, and the line speeds of all the gears can be equal at the same time, and the line speeds of all the friction wheels are equal.
  • the first control wheel 16 is coupled to the electric control unit 16 from the side of the return cable 30, the first friction wheel gear unit.
  • the electric control device 16 When the electric control device 16 is locked, the WEC floating body fluctuates with the waves, and the energy collecting cable 30 is subjected to a large and small pulling force pulse.
  • the pulling force of the energy collecting cable 30 increases, and some elongation (although The rope 24 can be UHMWPE, but there is still a slight elongation), and the force of the cable 30 is small when each float falls, so it is retracted.
  • the meshing drive between all the gears has a play, that is, a gear is fixed, and its adjacent gear can still have a slight free rotation.
  • the combination of the friction wheel set 48+ the rope 24+ the electric control unit 16 can also be applied to other rope-retracting ropes to be controlled, wherein the electric control unit 16 can also be replaced with a manual one.
  • the fairlead 11 on the frame where the rope 24 enters and exits the friction wheel set.
  • the gravity of the weight 18 is used as the pulling force of the rope, and the pulling force of the rope can be generated in other ways, such as a human hand or a tension spring.
  • the function of the hoisting machine 107 in Figs. 13 and 14 is to control the rope release and rope collection, so that the friction wheel set + rope 24 + electric control unit 16 + frame 13 + cable guide 11 + can be used in Fig. 6
  • the heavy 18" mechanism replaces the hoist 107.
  • Section VIII Wave generators that use the relative motion between the surface float and the underwater gravity anchor (not limited to the wave generator mentioned in this paper), the gravity anchor can adopt the anchor anchor scheme, see Figures 13 and 14, with the following Several options:
  • Pulley anchor See the floating bodies B and F in Fig. 13 and the floating body B in Fig. 14, each side of the floating body is moored with a buoy 59, and two ends of a cable 57 are respectively attached to the two buoys 59.
  • the middle of the cable 57 bypasses a pulley 56 near the gravity anchor 17, and the bottom end of the pulley frame of the pulley 56 is connected to the top surface of the gravity anchor 17 of the WEC, and the energy cable 30 that is connected to the gravity anchor 17 from above is connected.
  • Double cableway anchor As shown in Fig. 17, the gravity anchor 17 is a flat cube, and the four vertices of the top surface of the gravity anchor 17 are respectively mounted with a pulley 56, so that the two opposite sides of the gravity anchor top have two pulleys 56, each pair The side pulleys 56 (two) each roll on a cableway 44, and the two cableways 44 are combined on the left side of the gravity anchor 17 and wound around a pulley 56.
  • the pulley frame of the pulley 56 is suspended from the left side.
  • the cable 57 of the gravity anchor is connected, and the same is also true on the right side, which is bilaterally symmetrical.
  • the side pulleys 56 equally distribute the pulling force on the buoy to the cable 57 to the two ropeways 44.
  • the two ropeways 44 provide an upward pulling force on the pulleys 56 that are mounted on both sides of the gravity anchor, thereby suspending the gravity anchor 17 In the water.
  • the gravity anchor 17 is a flat cube, and a fairlead 11 is mounted on each of the front and rear sides of the gravity anchor 17, and two vertical edges on the right side of the gravity anchor 17 are installed.
  • the guide pulley 56, the cable 57 passes through the rear cable guide 11, the guide pulley 56 bypassing the right rear edge, the guide pulley 56 of the right front edge, the front cable guide 11, the two cable guides 11, and the two guide pulleys 56.
  • the distance from the top surface of the gravity anchor 17 is equal.
  • the suspension cable 57 is equivalent to being bypassed from the side of the gravity anchor, and the force application point is on the guides on both sides. It is apparent that the gravity anchor 17 can slide along the cable 57 by means of the fairlead and the guide pulley.
  • Stretcher anchor See Figure 26, two rigid straight rods are parallel 61, and the end faces are aligned through the gravity anchors 17 and the transverse through holes are separated by a certain distance.
  • the left end of the two hard straight rods 61 and a steel frame 88 are fixed.
  • the two ends of the two rigid straight rods are consolidated with the other steel frame 88, and the suspension cables 57 on both sides are respectively connected to the two side steel frames 88 through the V-shaped ropes 55, that is, the two vertices of the V-shaped ropes 55 are connected to the steel frame.
  • the bottom end of the V-shaped rope 56 is connected to the suspension cable 57.
  • the suspension cables on both sides provide an upward pulling force to the two hard straight rods, and the hard straight rods give the lifting force of the gravity anchor upwards, similar to the stretcher.
  • the gravity anchor can slide left and right with the hard straight rod 1 as a guide rail.
  • the other ends of the suspension cables 57 on both sides of the gravity anchor are respectively connected to two buoys on the water surface separated by a certain distance, and the WEC floating body is moored on the two buoys. In the middle, this is the same as the 1) and 2) anchoring schemes.
  • the gravity of the gravity anchor is more important than the upward pulling force when the WEC works, and the maximum buoyancy of the two buoys is greater than the gravity anchor gravity, and it is better to have sufficient redundant reserve buoyancy.
  • the gravity anchor 17 is suspended in the water by the buoys 59 on both sides, and its up and down movement depends on the movement of the buoys 59 on both sides.
  • the buoys 59 on both sides are often more than ten meters away from the floating body 1 and are affected by the wave force and the floating body 1 Not the same, so the gravity anchor 17 is completely different from the movement of the floating body 1, and the wave generator can utilize the relative motion of the floating body 1 and the gravity anchor 17 to generate electricity.
  • the buoy 59 should be made flat, so that the change in the draught depth of the buoy 59 caused by the change in the pulling force of the cable 57 is small, so that the up and down movement of the gravity anchor 17 can be reduced, and the wave height utilization loss can be reduced.
  • the current will cause the floating body 1 to deviate too far from the gravity anchor 17 too far, and the caustic cable 30 of the floating body 1 is inclined too much, thereby affecting the use of waves to generate electricity, and the anchoring scheme solved this problem.
  • the floating body 1 moves in the longitudinal direction (buoy, floating body queue), since the gravity anchor 17 is directly connected to the two side cables 57, it cannot be longitudinally moved. When the floating body 1 is moved laterally, the floating body 1 is given a lateral horizontal component by the harvesting cable 30 to the gravity anchor 17 below.
  • This component makes the gravity anchor move laterally with the floating body 1 (because both sides of the gravity anchor 17)
  • the pair of cables 57 are unconstrained in the lateral direction. As the cable 57 is traversed, the resultant force of the cables 57 on both sides of the gravity anchor 17 will have a gradually increasing reset horizontal force, and finally the floating body 1 can give
  • the horizontal component of the gravity anchor 17 is offset by the horizontal component of the gravity anchor 17 on both sides of the gravity anchor 17, and the gravity anchor 17 no longer follows the floating body 1 to continue to traverse, so the gravity anchor 17 has a certain lateral follow-up to the floating body 1 The limits of the range.
  • the floating body 1 and the buoy 59 are connected by a rope 44 (Fig. 13).
  • a rope 44 Fig. 13
  • the whole body is involved with each other, and when the floating body 1 moves, it will be pulled by the buoys 59 on both sides, thereby avoiding the deviation of the floating body too much.
  • the movement following the gravity anchor under the floating body 1 is prevented from reaching the limit.
  • the buoy A is a streamlined water droplet type (similar to a submarine) to reduce the horizontal impact force of the seawater, and the tail fin 121 is installed at the tip end of the buoy so that the buoy A automatically adjusts the direction by means of the current, at the bottom of the buoy A
  • a rotary eye/8-word rotating ring 120 is mounted, and the bottom end of the rotating eye/8-word rotating ring 120 serves as a connection point with other ropes 44, cables 57, mooring chains/cables.
  • the floating bodies of the plurality of wave generators are arranged in a row, and a buoy 59 is placed between each floating body and the first and last tails of the queue, and the first and last buoys 59 are each an anchor chain 58 of the anchor chain 58. The other end extends to the outside of the queue and is finally connected to an anchor 46.
  • the floating body 1 and the buoy 59 are connected by a rope. All buoys 59 and floats 1 are connected in series to form a whole, which is easy to anchor and manage.
  • the weight 51 is attached to the middle of the rope connecting the floating body and the buoy to provide cushioning, and the weight 51 can also be replaced by the tension spring 33 to prevent the floating body and the buoy from suddenly straightening when working at sea to generate a great impact force.
  • the weight 51 can also be replaced by the tension spring 33 to prevent the floating body and the buoy from suddenly straightening when working at sea to generate a great impact force.
  • the mooring point at the weight 51 sinks, and at the buoy E of the rope 44, it is most likely to come into contact with other underwater cables 57. So close to floating A rope 60 is attached to the rope 44 at the mark E to lift the rope 44 therein.
  • the floating bodies B and D are connected to the rope 44 by a V-shaped rope, that is, the rope 44 is connected to the bottom end of the V-shaped rope, and the two top ends of the V-shaped rope are respectively connected with the bottom ends of the floating bodies B and D, respectively.
  • the V-shaped connection can enhance the anti-tilt capability of the floating body B.
  • the wave generator floating body 1 and the buoy 59 in the queue may also lead the anchor chain 58 in the direction of the vertical queue (lateral direction) to enhance the resistance to lateral sea current impact.
  • the anchor chain 58 in the direction of the vertical queue (lateral direction) to enhance the resistance to lateral sea current impact.
  • Fig. 15 top view three rows of the same wave generator + buoy team mentioned above, arranged in a parallel arrangement to form a square matrix, four stars are anchors 46, black squares are weights 51, circles are buoys 59, hexagons It is the WEC float 1, and each connection between them is the rope 44.
  • the floating body 1 therein, not only the lateral sides are flexibly anchored, but also the floating body 1 of the other queues in the longitudinal direction, and the floating body 1/buoy 59 is also anchored by the side anchors 46 on both sides of the entire square matrix. Therefore, the entire square column is also anchored in the horizontal and vertical directions to enhance the resistance to flow.
  • a hoist/winch 107 that can be controlled by manual or electronic intelligence (for example, the MCU receives the command by wireless or according to the wave condition data sent by the wave height meter) on the buoy 59/float C to be collected according to the sea wave condition or The rope 44 is released so that the distance between the buoy C and the float B is increased or decreased.
  • the hoist/winch 107 is installed only on the buoy A of the team leader to Adjusting the length of the mooring chain 58 also achieves the purpose of adjusting the spacing between the entire row of buoys 59 and the floating body 1.
  • the anchoring scheme in this section is also applicable to other types of wave energy generators that use the relative motion between the floating body and the gravity anchor below it to generate electricity, such as a floating rope wheel wave generator, see CN2013101779808, CN105257463A.
  • Section IX This section describes an embodiment in which the controlline rack is mounted on a gravity anchor.
  • the gravity anchor 17 is suspended by the float 59 through the cable 57 in the water.
  • the gravity anchor 17 has a vertical through hole in the center, as shown in the cross section DD of Fig. 22A, and the frame 13 of the rope control mechanism is located in the vertical through hole.
  • the inner wall of the hole may be connected by an X-shaped chain or a circular cross joint;
  • the rack gear control rope mechanism has a specific structure: a rack 94 is vertically placed and passed through the frame 13, and then a partial view F of FIG. 22D is seen.
  • the rack 13 is mounted with guide rails for guiding the rack up and down (3
  • the rollers 65 are composed of one layer and two layers in total, and the shaft of the gear 47 meshing with the rack 94 is mounted on the rope control frame 13 through the bearing & seat. See the partial view G of Fig. 22B, and the shaft of the gear 47 passes through the cone.
  • the gear transmission mechanism 90 (either directly connected to the rotor shaft of the electric control actuator or through the chain drive) is coupled with the rotor of the electric control unit 16; see FIG. 22, the bottom end of the rack 94 is connected to a counterweight 18 (the counterweight 18 is province, relying on the wet weight of the rack 94 itself to provide a pull-down force), the top end of the rack 94 is connected with the WEC;
  • the gears 47 are two or more of the same size, and each of the gears 47 is interlocked with the same main shaft 41 by a respective bevel gear transmission mechanism. All the bevel gear transmission mechanisms are the same size, and the main shaft 41 and the electric control unit 16 are Rotor shaft connection; principle: When the electric control actuator is locked, each tooth on the rack that meshes with the gear generates braking force on the rack to improve the utilization of the rack.
  • gears 47 are connected to the respective bevel gear transmission mechanisms through the friction type coupling 95, and the gears of the upper force are first used (others).
  • Gear also The friction type coupling 95 corresponding to the above is not able to resist the pulling force of the rack alone until all the gears enter the optimal position, and the sum of the torques transmitted by all the friction type couplings 95 at this time, Together, it prevents the rack from moving up and down.
  • a brake bar 98 having a rectangular strip shape is vertically placed and mounted from the frame mounted on the control mechanism 13
  • the upper and lower fairleads 11 pass through, and the electric control clamps 99 corresponding to the brake bars 98 are mounted on the frame 13, and the bottom of the brake bar 98 is connected with a weight 18 (the weight 18 can be saved)
  • the brake bar 98 itself provides a pull-down force to the wet weight), and the top end of the brake bar 98 is connected to the WEC;
  • the control cable electrical module controls the brake caliper 99, and a mechanism similar to that of FIG. 3 can be used, except that the brake drum is replaced, and the driven cylinder 36 directly pushes the two brake calipers 99.
  • the outer frame of the frame 13 of the rope control mechanism is the same as the U-shaped magnet, but hollow; the rack 94 is placed vertically and passes through the U-shaped middle of the control rope frame; Referring again to the partial view F of Figure 22D, the shaft of the gear 47 passes through the seal ring 26 embedded in the holes on the opposite walls of the inside of the U-shaped frame and enters the U-shaped frame cavity, see Fig. 22B, the electric control unit 16
  • the bevel gear transmission mechanism 90 is all in the U-shaped cavity;
  • the outer frame outline of the rope control mechanism is U-shaped like the rack type frame.
  • the brake bar 98 is placed vertically and passes through the U-shaped frame 13 of the rope control mechanism; the brake caliper 99 is mounted on the opposite walls of the U-shaped frame, and the control cable electrical module is mounted on the U-shaped frame Seal the cavity.
  • the specific structure of the X-shaped connection is as shown in the partial view G of FIG. 22B.
  • One end of the two chains 22 is connected to the left side of the control mechanism frame 13.
  • the other ends of the two chains 22 extend to the upper left and the lower left respectively, and finally connect.
  • the structure of the annular cross joint joint see Fig. 30, a two-dimensional square ring/ring laid flat on the XY coordinate plane, the center of the square ring (or ring) at the origin of the XY coordinate, and the square ring along the X direction
  • a short shaft 64 is protruded from each of the two sides of the (or the ring), and the holes 96 of the two shafts 64 are respectively disposed on the opposite walls of the vertical hole of the gravity anchor 17 (Fig. 26).
  • a short shaft protrudes from the inner side of each of the ring sides of the ring of the Y-direction square ring (or the ring), and the holes of the two shafts are disposed on both sides of the control rope frame 13.
  • the pulley suspension structure as shown in FIG. 11 cannot be used, and the connection between the suspension cable and the gravity anchor can be adopted.
  • Section X Various rope control mechanisms using the linear rotary motion conversion mechanism mentioned in the present specification can insert the overrunning clutch 15/torque limiter 45 into the power transmission from the rotary member of the linear rotary conversion mechanism to the electric control actuator
  • the rotating member of the linear rotation conversion mechanism and the overrunning clutch 15 for example, the main reel 23 in FIG. 4, or the friction wheel 48 in FIG. 7, or in FIG. 22, the gear 47 is rotated The member
  • one end of the torque limiter 45 see FIG.
  • the MCU can control the electric control actuator to enter the braking state when the floating body moves to the highest point, so that the rope is no longer collected, so that the rope can not produce the work pulling force.
  • the counterweight can take the rope because of the one-way transmission of the overrunning clutch. Therefore, it is necessary to add a second electrically controlled friction brake.
  • the rope control mechanism already includes an overrunning clutch 15, and the stator of the second electrically controlled friction brake 112 is mounted on the rope control frame 13, the rotor of the second electrically controlled friction brake 112 is rotated with the line
  • the rotating member of the motion converting mechanism i.e., the main reel 23
  • the MCU/PLC controls the second electrically controlled friction brake 112 to lock while releasing the electric control actuator 16
  • the second electric control actuator functions, and the main shaft 41 enters a braking state in which both the forward and reverse directions are blocked.
  • the second electrically controlled friction braking resistance needs to be slightly larger than the pulling force of the weight 18, but less than the pulling force when the main cable 21 is working.
  • the floating body drive rope mechanism 13 When the floating body drive rope mechanism 13 is raised, although the second electrically controlled friction brake 112 is in the braking state, the pulling force of the energy cable 21 can drive the spindle 41 to rotate, and the second electronically controlled friction brake 112 is in the sliding friction state.
  • the resistance of the second electrically controlled friction brake 112 cannot be broken and the spindle 41 is driven to rotate, so that the weight 18 cannot be taken up.
  • the main rope 21 cannot be retracted, and the main rope 21 will be bent, and when the floating body rises again, the main rope 21 will only be straightened by the bend, and the pulling force will not be formed to pull the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the MCU/PLC releases the second electrically controlled friction brake 112 while locking the electric control 16 .
  • the scheme of the linear rotation conversion mechanism and the second electronically controlled friction brake shaft linkage/linkage in this paragraph can also be applied to all the rope control mechanisms including the overrunning clutch mentioned in this specification.
  • Section XI Preferred:
  • the rope control mechanism frame is a semi-closed housing having only a bottom end opening, and the anchor anchor base control in the schemes 9-1, 9-2
  • the rope mechanism, the rope control mechanism frame is a fully enclosed U-shaped casing, and the rotating member, the electric control device and the like of the linear rotation conversion mechanism are installed in the cavity of the frame, preferably: further comprising Air supply device; there are the following:
  • the structure is: the frame 13 of the rope control mechanism is a semi-closed housing with only the bottom end open, the main shaft 41 of the rope control mechanism and its bearing & seat 54, the electric control unit 16, the linear rotation conversion
  • the mechanism is installed in the inner cavity of the rope control mechanism, and the air supply system includes an electric air pump 38, a gas pipe 39, a water immersion sensor 40, a single chip control module and an auxiliary power source, and the electric air pump 38 is installed in an air environment on the floating body of the sea surface, one One end of the air pipe 39 is connected to the air pump exhaust port, the other end is inserted into the cavity of the control rope mechanism, and a water immersion sensor 40 is installed in the cavity of the control rope mechanism, and the water immersion sensor 40 sends information to the single chip control module through the signal line, the single chip microcomputer
  • the control module performs switching control of the power supply of the air pump 38. If the electric air pump 38 is the one that the gas will reverse after the shutdown, the outlet of the air pump 38 is required to
  • the water immersion sensor 40 sends a signal to the MCU of the single-chip microcomputer, and the MCU turns on the power switch of the air pump 38.
  • the air pump 38 starts to work, extracts air from the atmosphere, and injects it into the inner cavity of the control rope mechanism through the air pipe 39.
  • the air is continuously injected, the internal water is discharged, and the water immersion sensor detects that the water is discharged at this time, so that the information is sent to the MCU, the MCU cuts off the power switch of the air pump 38, and the air pump 38 stops working.
  • FIG. 4 includes a water immersion sensor 40, a single-chip MCU and an auxiliary power source, a solenoid valve 39, and a high-pressure gas tank 110.
  • These water-immersing sensors 40 are installed on the upper part of the cavity of the semi-closed housing 13.
  • the water immersion sensor 40 is installed at a lower position than the height of the main shaft 41. Once the water is detected, it immediately signals the MCU, and the MCU controls the solenoid valve to open and close, and the air pipe 39 connected to the high pressure gas cylinder outlet passes through the The solenoid valve communicates with the chamber of the rope control housing 13 .
  • the water immersion sensor 40 detects the water, it immediately sends a signal to the MCU of the single-chip microcomputer, and the MCU opens the relay, so that the electromagnetic valve is energized to open, and the high-pressure gas stored inside the high-pressure gas tank 110 is overflowed from the air pipe 39, and the semi-closed casing 13
  • the gas inside is increased, so that the water entering therein is discharged, and the MCU turns on the solenoid valve for a period of time by a delay program, so that the high-pressure gas tank 110 discharges a certain amount of gas, thereby discharging a certain amount of water.
  • the MCU then closes the solenoid valve again, at which point the air tube 39 is closed and the high pressure gas cylinder 110 no longer releases gas until the water immersion sensor 40 detects the water again.
  • the third type a chemical solid such as calcium carbide which is exposed to water to generate a large amount of gas is placed on the frame near the main shaft of the rope control chamber.
  • the fourth type as shown in Figure 19, two positive and negative cables (outer insulation) with DC voltage are arranged on the rope control mechanism, and the negative cable leads into the cavity of the frame to connect a bare one at the main shaft.
  • the graphite electrode insulated from the frame, the graphite electrode 122 connected to the positive cable is mounted outside the frame housing and insulated from the frame.
  • the positive electrode is immersed in seawater, which can not form a loop.
  • the water is immersed in the negative graphite electrode.
  • the circuit is formed, the seawater is electrolyzed, and the positive electrode outside the shell of the control rope frame generates oxygen.
  • the inner negative electrode generates hydrogen gas, and the hydrogen gas removes the seawater.
  • the circuit is again broken, and the electrolysis stops no gas.
  • Section XII Electrical control part of the rope control device, see Figures 1, 11, 12 (the remaining parts are not drawn electrical parts), the control rope electrical module includes the sensor 9 of the single-acting hydraulic cylinder to monitor the end of the work stroke, the MCU control module And the auxiliary power supply (not shown), the wire (dashed line), the MCU control module obtains the signal of the end of the piston work stroke through the end of stroke sensor, and then switches the power supply of the electric control device in the control rope mechanism (Fig. 11, SSR is solid state) Relay), for the double-floating force-reset type wave energy acquisition conversion system, as shown in Fig. 11, the end-of-stroke sensor 9 can also be mounted at the top limit block of the column 81, and signals the MCU when the ring-shaped floating body 80 is near the top end.
  • the basic functions of the rope control device are:
  • Algorithm 1 The first task of the rope control device is to protect the hydraulic cylinder and the floating body. If the hydraulic cylinder is not in the working process of the WEC, the end of the stroke will not signal. If the end of the power stroke is completed, the end of the stroke signal will be signaled. For the MCU, the MCU immediately controls the rope control mechanism to produce a rope release action, thereby preventing the hydraulic cylinder piston from striking the cylinder and causing damage.
  • the MCU can then use its own delay/time program to issue brake control to the control line after a period of time (eg, 10 or 20 seconds) (when the WEC float may be on a crest or trough or ascending/descending),
  • a period of time eg, 10 or 20 seconds
  • the ropes of the rope control mechanism are re-fixed, and the WEC works with a new relative reference point.
  • this new braking point of the rope control mechanism may not be good.
  • the MCU can combine the power generation of the WEC in the program, and try multiple times (ie, let the rope control mechanism loosen again, and then lock again after a while) to find a better braking point.
  • Algorithm 2 The end of the work protection program continues to be used, except that the delay time is less than 1 s, and then the probe 103 of the induction cylinder reset stroke is added.
  • This probe 103 can be installed at the end of the cylinder block (Fig. 2, 19).
  • the MCU uses the reset end probe 103 to determine that the WEC float has changed from falling to rising.
  • the method is: when the piston has been reset to the end point and remains resident, the reset end probe 103 will signal the MCU (the previous control rope mechanism is in the brake) State), the MCU will think that the floating body is falling (because the electric control actuator is locked, if it is raised, then the reset end probe 103 may not always send a reset end signal), the MCU ⁇ applies a square wave pulse control to the electric control unit 16 to make it Sometimes it is released and braked, similar to the ABS anti-lock brake on the car.
  • the WEC float is descending, the rope control mechanism will use the loose intermittent rope to collect the rope. If the WEC float suddenly rises, then the electricity is on.
  • Algorithm 3 In section X, the addition of the overrunning clutch 15 causes the control rope mechanism to have one more function: in the state in which the electric control actuator 16 is braked, the control rope mechanism has the function of only collecting the rope and not releasing the rope, and the meaning is: The electrical module does not need to be reset at the end of the probe 103 to handle the working conditions of the WEC float drop. In the WEC floating body falling process, the WEC maintains the upward pulling force at the beginning, and the pulling force is greater than the pulling force of the rope collecting member, so the rope control mechanism can neither release the rope nor take the rope, and the WEC first resets.
  • the WEC hydraulic cylinder 2 After the WEC hydraulic cylinder 2 is reset to the end point, if the WEC continues to fall, the pulling force of the WEC on the energy-carrying cable is greatly reduced. At this time, under the action of the force of the rope-receiving member and the one-way transmission of the overrunning clutch, the rope is controlled. The mechanism begins to collect the rope, and there is no need to perform square wave pulse control of the electric control unit 16 as above. When the WEC floating body suddenly changes from falling to rising, the one-way transmission performance of the overrunning clutch 15 immediately acts to stop the rope receiving mechanism from being released, so that the WEC quickly enters the collecting work state, and the overrunning clutch 15 makes the timing of the braking just in the floating body. When it drops to the lowest.
  • the algorithm executed is similar to Algorithm 1.
  • the probe sends a signal to the MCU, and the MCU opens the control mechanism, and then the interval is changed (only the delay can be shorter, such as 1 s), and locked again.
  • the chain drive mechanism 25, the electric control unit 16 is mounted in the compartment of the semi-closed housing 13, and the main shaft 41 is inserted into the compartment from the rotary seal ring 26 at the hole in the partition wall, and the chain drive mechanism 25
  • the sprocket shaft is connected.
  • the advantage of the compartment is that it better protects the device that is afraid of water and salt.
  • the rotating seal 26 prevents the salty moisture in the semi-opening cavity from intruding into the compartment.
  • the same compartment design can also be applied to other rope control mechanisms in this specification (see other figures).
  • the upper part of the energy-generating cable 30 is a rope 24, and the lower part is a chain 22, the total length of the chain exceeds the required length, and an extra section, the gravity anchor 17 passes through a quick-connecting ring 119 (used for lifting and lifting, which can be quickly The runway ring that is installed or removed) is attached somewhere on the chain 22.
  • the rope 24 is often rubbed against the friction wheel set (since the frequency of small waves far exceeds the big waves, most of the wear is caused by small waves below 1.5 meters, of course Under the influence of tides, a certain range of backlash changes occur in the main wear section, but a certain degree of wear occurs in the range of 2 to 3 meters.
  • the diver can dismount the quick ring 119 and then The connection point of the gravity anchor 17 and the chain 22 is shifted down by a length (for example, 2 meters), so that after the WEC is operated, the rope 24 on the cable side is moved up by the weight 18, and the rope on the cable side is reset.
  • the 24 will move down, and the length of the rope 24 worn by the friction wheel set will also leave the friction wheel set, so that it will no longer become the main wear section, thus avoiding the breakage of the rope 24 which is always worn by a certain section, each By adjusting this once in a while, the longer-term use of the energy cable 24 can be guaranteed.
  • this paragraph can also be applied to other energy harvesting cables mentioned in this description.
  • the diver can also tie the weight 18 to a higher point of the rope 24 each time the chain 22 is adjusted to keep the depth of the weight 18 substantially constant.
  • FIG. 7A Section A-A shows a top view of the weight 18 with a weight 18 of homogeneous (density) cement block/
  • the iron block, the origin O point of the XY coordinate axis is the center of the geometry and the center of mass.
  • the two vertical holes through which the energy cable 30 passes are symmetric about the Y axis on the x-axis, and the points of the reset cable 50 are also on the X axis and are symmetric about the Y axis.
  • the cylindrical counterweight 18 ensures that the current impact force in any direction, the force application point of the resultant force is at the O point, thereby avoiding the generation of torque.
  • Figure 8 The double rope 30 of Figure 7 is replaced with a webbing 66, also with the upper and lower V-shaped ropes 55 designed to ensure equal tension across the width of the webbing.
  • the Y-shaped connection can also be applied to other WEC floating bodies in the present specification, including single floating body pressure. Differential reset type WEC (see floats B, D in Fig. 14).
  • FIG. 10A is a top view weight 18.
  • the figure shows that the guide roller 82 is mounted on the side of the counterweight 18 to prevent the weight 18 from rubbing against the inner wall of the straight cylinder 63.
  • the gravity anchor 17 in this figure is a hanging anchor, and to prevent the cable 57 from being pressed against the side of the groove of the pulley 56 in the lateral movement (vertical paper), near the sides of the winding pulley 56 of the cable 57,
  • Each pair of roller chocks 20 (or fairleads) are mounted such that lateral swinging of the cables 57 will first apply pressure to the dual roller chocks 20 such that the pulleys 56 are deflected by a certain angle following the cables 57.
  • the flexible/universal connection 84 is adopted between the pulley 56 and the gravity anchor 17, so that the inertia of the gravity anchor 17 can be prevented from hindering the deflection of the pulley 56.
  • the design can also be applied to other pulley cranes.
  • Anchor scheme The SSR is a solid state relay with fast response speed and long life.
  • the MCU indirectly controls the power supply to the electric control unit by controlling the SSR. This design is also applicable to the control electrical modules of all the rope control devices.
  • FIG 14 The E-buoy is flexibly connected to the pulley frame of a pulley 56.
  • a cable 57 is bypassed from the pulley 56.
  • the two ends of the cable 57 respectively suspend the gravity anchors 17 on both sides of the pulley 56 (the left side is not drawn ).
  • a knot 91 is attached to the cable 57 on both sides of the pulley 56. This is also a way of connecting the buoy to the cable 57 for suspension, as long as the two knots 91 are in close proximity to the pulley 56, the effect is almost the same as the direct connection of the buoy to the cable 57.
  • the buoys mentioned in the claims in this specification are connected to the cable, and this is also included.
  • the second rope 49 is connected to the pulley frame 62.
  • the outer edge of the pulley frame 62 has three tie points acting as three eye plates, respectively connecting the ropes in three directions.
  • Figure 16 shows the structure of how the V-rope is connected to the pulley anchor.
  • the bottom end of the V-shaped rope 55 is coupled to the top end of the pulley frame 62 by a chain 22, and the bottom end of the pulley frame 62 is connected to the anchor 17 by a flexible/universal connection 84-chain.
  • the outer edge of the groove of the pulley 56 is circumscribed with a pressure roller 65.
  • the shaft of the pressure roller 65 is mounted on the pulley frame 62 through the bearing & seat, and the cable 57 is pressed by the roller. 65 is clamped in the groove of the pulley 56.
  • Figure 22, 27 The connection between the WEC and the top end of the rack 94/brake bar 98 of the rope control mechanism is a flexible/universal connection 84, because the floating body of the WEC has to perform various tilting movements, and if it is consolidated, the rack must be broken. /Brake bar.
  • One end of the wire has a WEC electrical control module leading out, and the other end is connected to an electric control unit 16 in the control cable mechanism.
  • the rope 24 below the fairlead is free to swing before being guided, and the direction in which the rope extending to the upper portion after being guided into the fairlead is guided, the direction has been restricted.
  • the rope 24 swings in the axial direction parallel to the bottom roller, it will The roller generates sliding friction, which causes the rope 24 to wear.
  • the bottom of the four-roller fairlead (the upper two rollers 65 of the present cable guide are also covered with a soft elastic tube, which is not necessary, The main purpose here is to show the structure of the soft elastic tube more clearly.
  • the two rollers are made of soft, wear-resistant, water-resistant, oil-resistant material made of a circular tube 116 (such as a rubber tube), and the inner wall of the tube 116 is The cylindrical gap of the roller 65 is small, and the gap is filled with lubricating oil 118.
  • the two ports of the soft wear-resistant tube 116 are fixedly sealed with the two ends of the cylindrical surface of the roller 65.
  • the sliding friction coefficient of the soft wear-resistant tube 116 and the roller 65 is very small, so when the lower portion of the rope 24 swings to the left, the portion of the soft wear-resistant tube 116 that is in contact with the rope 24 will Under the action of the friction, the rope 24 is slid to the left, and the left portion of the soft wear-resistant tube 116 is wrinkled, and the soft wear-resistant tube 116 and the rope 24 are always static friction, so the rope 24 is avoided. abrasion.
  • the soft wear-resistant tube 116 can also be replaced with a barrel-shaped sleeve woven by ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (no need to add lubricating oil), the barrel-shaped sleeve is externally coated with rubber, and the two ports are respectively docked at the two ends of the roller 65 cylinder
  • the roller is made of PTFE material.
  • FIG. 25 The friction wheel group control rope mechanism is mounted on the anchor bolt 17, one end of the rope 24 is connected to the upper WEC, and the other end is passed through the fairlead 11 on the top surface of the gravity anchor 17, and then the friction wheel set is bypassed. Finally, it is pierced from the double roller guide 20 of the bottom surface of the gravity anchor, and continues to extend downward and finally attached to the weight 18.
  • the power transmission mechanism of the friction wheel set to the electric control unit 16 is the same as that of Fig. 6, but the electric control unit 16 is in a hermetically sealed housing, and the shaft 41 of the friction wheel set passes through the seal ring 26 at the hole in the wall of the sealing housing. Enter the sealed cavity.
  • the damper plate 97 is suspended in the water by four floats 60, and has a hole in the center. It can also be used as a mounting base for the rack/brake bar type control rope mechanism, and the rack type/brake bar type control rope mechanism
  • the frame 13 is mounted at the hole of the damper plate 97 by means of an X-shaped chain (or a ring-shaped cross joint).
  • All the floating body and rope control housings in this paper can be made of steel/glass fiber reinforced plastic, and the float can be made of high-density plastic foam.
  • the ropes used as energy-generating cables mentioned herein may be sheathed with a wear-resistant soft material such as rubber to reduce wear.
  • the suspension cables on both sides of the energy-harvesting and hanging anchors can be made of high-strength, high-modulus ropes, such as UHMWPE ropes, and other ropes can be made of PP, polyethylene, and nylon ropes.
  • All bearings mentioned in this paper (including the cable guide / double roller fairlead, bearings in the guide roller) can be made of copper-based graphite self-lubricating bearings / ceramic bearings.
  • Anti-corrosion means Cover the steel shell with FRP/polyurea, or paint on the exterior, gravity anchor, counterweight, and heavy block can be made of cement block/iron block.
  • the open type oil tank mentioned in the present specification may be a rubber skin bag (using the elasticity of the rubber skin bag to adapt to the increase and decrease of the hydraulic oil in the oil tank),
  • the drain pipe and the oil pumping hydraulic pipe are inserted into the rubber bladder, and the hydraulic pipe is sealed with the seam of the skin.
  • the open fuel tank can also adopt the structure of the sealed steel box (good steel heat dissipation) + rubber bladder, specifically: the insertion point of the inlet and outlet oil pipes inserted into the steel box The slit is sealed, and the steel box leads out a thin tube (the joint of the thin tube and the oil tank is also sealed), and the thin tube is connected with a sealed rubber skin, and the inside of the skin cavity is fused to the outside Sealed cavity.
  • the sealed steel box good steel heat dissipation
  • rubber bladder specifically: the insertion point of the inlet and outlet oil pipes inserted into the steel box The slit is sealed, and the steel box leads out a thin tube (the joint of the thin tube and the oil tank is also sealed), and the thin tube is connected with a sealed rubber skin, and the inside of the skin cavity is fused to the outside Sealed cavity.
  • the hydraulic motor mentioned in this specification may be an electro-hydraulic variable motor, and the single-chip microcomputer controls the displacement of the variable motor according to the voltage outputted by the generator to realize the basic stability of the rotation speed of the motor and the generator under different flow rates; Quantitative hydraulic motor, but an electronically controlled transmission is inserted between the hydraulic motor and the generator.
  • the single-chip microcomputer controls the transmission ratio of the electronically controlled transmission according to the generator voltage. Although the speed of the hydraulic motor is affected by the wave condition, by changing the transmission ratio, To keep the generator speed stable.

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Abstract

一种绳控液压缸波浪发电机，包括波浪能采集转换系统、控绳装置、重力锚（17）。波浪能采集转换系统位于水面。控绳装置包括了两个相对运动可控的构件，分别是控绳机构的机架（13）和细长构件。当机架（3）在上、细长构件在下时，机架（3）顶端作为与波浪能采集转换系统的连接点，而细长构件底端作为与重力锚（17）的连接点。当机架（13）在下、细长构件在上时，机架（13）作为与重力锚（17）的连接点，细长构件的顶端作为与波浪能采集转换系统的连接点。该发电机能够实现让行程有限的液压缸适用于大波浪，适应潮汐变化，收绳效果好，效率高。

Description

绳控液压缸波浪发电机 技术领域
本发明涉及一种波浪发电系统，属于波浪发电领域。
背景技术
CN 103104408 A为最接近本发明的现有技术，但存在控绳装置弹簧疲劳、收绳力量小、悬在水中则存在拉力不平衡、控绳执行机构偏斜、绳子缠绕、防水等诸多问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种绳控液压缸波浪发电机，它能够实现让行程有限的液压缸适用于大波浪，适应潮汐变化，收绳效果好，波高利用率高。
本发明的技术方案：
节I：一种绳控液压缸波浪发电机：包括波浪能采集转换系统(Wave Engergy Converter，后面简称WEC)、控绳装置、重力锚，WEC位于水面，控绳装置包括了两个相对运动可控的构件，分别是控绳机构的机架和细长构件，所述机架在上、细长构件在下的时候，机架顶端作为与WEC的连接点，而细长构件底端作为与重力锚的连接点，而当机架在下细长构件在上的时候，则机架作为与重力锚的连接点，而细长构件的顶端作为与WEC的连接点。需要说明的是，WEC+重力锚是可以独立运行的(只是效果差些)，不一定非要有控绳装置，本文的WEC上的用于连接控绳装置的构件底端，也可直接去连接重力锚(采用活动连接方式)。波浪能采集转换系统有两种，单浮体&压差复位型和双浮体重力复位型。
节II：所述波浪能采集转换系统为单浮体压差复位A型和B型，A型采用了活塞缸，包括浮体和液压系统；浮体的结构可以理解为：一封闭空心壳体，中心贯穿一竖直的直管，然后去除直管管内的壳体部分，从而形成一个中心有贯穿孔的全封闭壳体；
所述浮体的贯穿孔下出口处安装有导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳，一个三脚架的三个底脚固定在浮体顶面上，该三脚架的顶端处在所述贯穿孔的正上方，该三脚架顶端与一单作用活塞缸缸体的顶端连接，该单杆活塞缸的活塞杆底端所连接的绳索先后从浮体中心孔、安装在浮体底面的导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳中穿过，最后连接到控绳装置上；该活塞缸所接的液压管从所述浮体顶盖钻入浮体腔内，发电机、除单杆活塞缸外的液压系统均在浮体腔内；液压系统为闭式循环，循环路线是单作用活塞缸有杆腔、准出单向阀、高压蓄能器、液压马达、低压蓄能器、准入单向阀、活塞缸有杆腔，所述液压马达带动发电机发电；以上为方案2-1；
对于方案2-1优选的有方案2-1-1：在所述液压管活塞杆上套一伸缩管，该伸缩管一端口与所述活塞杆柄的侧面密封对接，另一端口与所述活塞缸缸体侧面对接，但伸缩管上部应有缝隙与外界相通，所述活塞缸的泄油管一路从活塞缸无杆腔的顶部引出，一路从伸缩管的底端的腔内引出，两路合为一路向下延伸，然后从设备舱顶盖钻入浮体腔内，最后进入所述开式油箱；进一步优选的：由本波浪发电机发出的电驱动的电动补油泵，从所述开式油箱中抽取液压油注入到所述闭式液压循环系统中；再进一步优选的，一单片机根据所述开式油箱的液位传感器/所述闭式液压系统的压强传感器，对所述电动补油泵进行启停控制或转速控制。
对于方案2-1优选的有方案2-1-2：上述浮体作为设备舱，增加一个浮力舱，浮力舱为一 环状浮体，环内孔轴线竖直；浮力舱与设备舱的连接方式可以有两种：
一种是嵌入式，即：浮力舱环内孔稍大于与设备舱外轮廓，设备舱嵌入浮力舱的环内孔中。浮力舱与设备舱可通过螺栓连接在一起；或是在设备舱顶盖外缘或浮力舱环内孔底部设限位凸缘；或者是：浮力舱的环内孔的表面，或设备舱的外侧面为上粗下细的锥面，设备舱的外轮廓最大处要大于浮力舱的环内孔最窄处，设备舱楔入浮力舱的环内孔内。
另一种是叠加式，即：浮力舱环内孔要小于设备舱外轮廓，所述设备舱的底面固定到所述浮力舱顶面上，另外所述设备舱底面的导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳，要改到安装在所述浮力舱环内孔下出口处；所述单杆活塞缸的活塞杆底端的绳索先后从设备舱中心孔、浮力舱环内孔、安装在浮力舱底端的导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳中穿过后连接控绳装置；
单浮体压差复位B型，具体为：一浮体，结构可理解为：一封闭壳体，中心贯穿一竖直的直管，然后去除直管内的壳体部分，形成一个中心有通孔的全封闭壳体；一柱塞缸缸体在下柱塞杆在上竖立，该缸体末端固定在浮体的顶面孔处，该柱塞杆顶端与一矩形钢架的顶边中心连接，该矩形钢架所在平面与该柱塞缸的轴截面重合。在柱塞杆伸缩运动时，柱塞缸及其柱塞杆一直处于该矩形钢架四边包围之中，该矩形钢架两个竖边框及底边框与所述浮体顶面及中心孔壁不接触(可选的解决办法是所述浮体中心孔大于该矩形钢架的宽度，该矩形钢架插在所述浮体孔中央；或者是：矩形钢架一直处于所述浮体上方)。该矩形钢架底边中心与一绳索的顶端连接，该绳索的另一端先后穿过所述浮体的竖直中心孔、及安装在所述浮体中心孔底部的一导缆器后，向下延伸连接控绳机构；
前述柱塞缸缸体底端与所述浮体顶面孔处连接处、柱塞杆顶端与所述矩形钢架的顶边连接处，也可通过凸耳/铰轴/耳环方式，所述柱塞缸如在某方向倾倒没约束，则需增加导向滚轮组，该导向滚轮组的支架安装在所述浮体顶面上，该导向滚轮组为一对轴线水平且互相平行，且端面对齐、相隔一定距离的、同样两个圆柱滚轮，其轴线垂直于所述无约束自由度方向，该两圆柱形滚轮分别紧贴在所述矩形钢架的两竖直边框外侧/内侧的两侧面，或其中一根竖边框的两侧；液压系统为闭式循环，循环路线是柱塞缸腔、准出单向阀、高压蓄能器、液压马达、低压蓄能器、准入单向阀、柱塞缸腔，所述液压马达带动发电机发电；柱塞缸底端的进出油口所接的液压管从所述浮体顶盖穿入，发电机以及除柱塞缸外的液压系统均在浮体腔内；
以上为方案2-2；针对方案2-2，优选的有方案2-2-1：柱塞缸缸体顶部与一竖直短管底端口固结且接缝密封，所述柱塞杆从该短管中穿过，该短管侧面有孔，与一泄油管的端口对接，该泄油管另一端向下延伸，从所述浮体顶盖钻入腔内，最后进入一开式油箱；进一步优选的：由本波浪发电机发出的电驱动的电动补油泵从所述开式油箱中抽取液压油，注入到所述闭式液压循环系统中；再进一步优选的：一单片机根据所述开式油箱的液位传感器，对所述电动补油泵进行启停控制或转速控制。
前述方案2-1、2-2中的绳索与其所穿过的导缆器可替换为方管+双导缆器，其他不变，即有方案2-3：对于单浮体压差复位A型，单杆活塞缸下方伸出的活塞杆底端改与一竖直的方管顶端连接，该方管穿过安装在所述浮体底部的两个间隔一定竖向距离的导缆器，该方管底端与控绳机构顶面固结；所述导缆器的四个滚柱与方管的四个侧面一一紧贴；方案2-3也可应用于CN 103104408 A申请中，方管+双导缆器替代其中的绳索31+导绳器19，其中的液压缸的活塞杆底端与方管顶端连接，该方管穿过安装在浮体底部的两个间隔一定竖向距离的导缆器，该方管底端再去连接一控绳装置(控绳装置可采用本文中的各种类型)。
对于单浮体压差复位B型，所述矩形钢架底边框的中点改与一竖直的方管连接，该方管穿过安装在所述浮体底部的两个间隔一定竖向距离的导缆器，该方管底端与控绳机构顶面固结；所述导缆器的四个滚柱与方管的四个侧面一一紧贴；
对于方案2-3优选的有方案2-3-1：连接所述控绳装置的电缆从方管顶部入口进入方管内，从方管底端出口处钻出；进一步优选的：所述电缆在所述方管内的其中一段为螺旋弹簧电缆；
针对方案2-3优选的有方案2-3-2：对于单浮体&压差复位A型或B型，一竖直管顶端固定在所述浮体底部，该竖直管轴线与所述浮体中心通孔中心轴线重合，所述上下两导缆器分别安装在该竖直管内的顶部和底部；
节III：所述波浪能采集转换系统为双浮体重力复位型，分为A型和B型两种，双浮体重力复位A型包括立柱总体、环状浮体、П支架/三腿架、液压系统：立柱总体可以是以下四种：
1)一竖直放置的空心立柱，为圆柱体或多边形柱体外形，顶端开口底端封闭；2)所述空心立柱底面与一水下浮力舱顶面固结后形成的整体，水下浮力舱为圆柱体(轴线竖直)或椭球体外形的中空壳体或泡沫塑料；3)所述立柱底面与一竖直杆/竖直管的顶面固结后形成的整体；4)所述立柱底面与一所述水下浮力舱顶面固结，所述水下浮力舱的底面与一竖直杆/竖直管的顶面固结后三者形成的整体；
立柱总体竖直插在水中排开水的重量要大于其自身重量，即立柱总体具有漂浮力；对于立柱总体，优选的：立柱与水下浮力舱、竖直管/竖直杆，它们的竖直方向的中心线重合；
一环状浮体套在所述立柱上，且环状浮体环内壁与所述立柱侧面存有一定间隙，环状浮体顶面固定着竖立的П支架/三腿架，该П支架/三腿架的中心线与所述立柱轴线重合，一竖立单作用液压缸的活塞杆柄与所述П支架/三腿架横梁底面中心连接，所述液压缸缸体底端与立柱腔内底面连接，液压系统为开式循环，路线是：开式油箱、准入单向阀、所述单作用液压缸的有杆腔、准出单向阀、蓄能器、液压马达，液压马达驱带动发电机发电；以上为方案3-1；
双浮体重力复位B型WEC具体为：一立柱总体，竖直放置，顶端开口底端封闭，一环状浮体套在立柱上，且环状浮体环内壁与立柱侧面存有一定间隙，环状浮体顶面固定着竖立的П支架/三腿架，П支架/三腿架的中心线与立柱轴心重合，一竖立的单作用液压缸的活塞杆柄与П支架/三腿架顶梁底面中心连接，单作用液压缸的缸体底端与立柱腔内底面连接，液压系统管路循环路线是：开式油箱、准入单向阀、所述单作用液压缸的有杆腔、准出单向阀、蓄能器、液压马达、开式油箱，液压马达带动发电机发电；立柱总体不必具有漂浮性，立柱总体底端要低于环状浮体底面；一滑轮的滑轮架与环状浮体底面连接，一根绳子一端连接一重块，另一端向上延伸，绕过所述滑轮后又向下延伸，最后系在立柱总体上；以上为方案3-2；
对于方案3-2，优选的：所述重块为环状，套在所述立柱总体下部，且重块的环内侧与立柱总体侧面存有间隙，重块两侧各系一根绳子，该两根绳子的另一端向上延伸，然后分别绕其上方的一滑轮后向下延伸，最后连接在立柱总体上，所述两个滑轮的滑轮架与所述环状浮体底面连接，且两连接点关于立柱轴线对称；进一步优选的：所述重块环内侧安装上下两层导向滚轮组，每层导向滚轮大于3个且均布。
节IV：WEC还包括弹簧振子机构，具体为：对于单浮体压差复位型WEC，一绳子一端连接所述控绳装置的连接点，该绳子另一端向上延伸绕过一滑轮后再向下延伸后系在一拉簧一端，该拉簧另一端与一重块连接，所述滑轮的滑轮架与所述浮体底面连接；以上为方案4-1；对采用绳索+单导缆器的单浮体压差WEC，优选的有方案4-1-1：所述浮体底部与一竖直管顶 端固结，所述导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳安装在竖直管底端出口处，所述滑轮安装在所述竖直管上部的一开孔处，且该滑轮轴线垂直于所述孔所在的竖直管轴截面，所述滑轮一半露在竖直管外一半在竖直管内；一环状重块套在所述竖直管上，且重块的环内侧与所述竖直管外壁存有间隙；所述拉簧一端连接所述重块，另一端连接所述绳子，该绳子另一端向上绕过孔处滑轮后，进入竖直管内又向下延伸，通过竖直管底端的另一导缆器后，再向下延伸最后连接到所述控绳装置的连接点上；对于采用了方管+双导缆器的单浮体压差型WEC，优选的有方案4-1-2，即：一竖直管顶端固定在所述浮体底部，该竖直管轴线与所述浮体中心通孔中心线重合，所述上下两导缆器分别安装在该竖直管内的顶部和底部；所述重块为环状，套在所述竖直管上，且重块的内环壁与所述竖直管存在一定间隙；一绳子一端连接所述控绳装置的连接点，该绳子另一端向上延伸绕过一滑轮后再向下延伸后系在一拉簧一端，该拉簧另一端与所述重块连接，所述滑轮的滑轮架与所述浮体底面连接；
对于双浮体重力复位型波浪能采集转换系统，有方案4-2，具体为：一拉簧的一端与一重块连接，拉簧另一端连接绳子，该绳子另一端向上延伸绕过一滑轮后再向下延伸，最后系到所述立柱总体上，所述滑轮的滑轮架与环状浮体底面连接；优选的：所述重块为环状，套在所述立柱总体下部，且重块的环内侧与立柱总体侧面存有间隙；进一步优选的：所述环状重块的内环壁上安装上下两层导向滚轮组，每层导向滚轮不少于3个且均布；
节V：本节讲述浮体基控绳机构，控绳装置包括控绳电气模块和控绳机械机构(简称控绳机构)，其中控绳机构包括机架、直线旋转运动转换及附属机构、电控制动器，所述控绳机构的机架顶端与上方的WEC连接：所述直线旋转转换机构的旋转构件通过主轴与电控制动器的转子轴连，也可通过链式/齿轮/皮带传动机构与所述电控制动器的转子联动；所述电控制动器的定子固定在机架上，所述直线旋转运动转换机构的旋转构件的主轴通过轴承&座安装在所述机架上；所述直线旋转运动转换及其附属机构有3种，分别为；
第一种，所述直线旋转转换机构为滚链轮+滚链，控绳机构的机架底端固定一竖直筒，一配重在直筒内并与直筒内壁有一定间隙，一根滚子链一端连接该配重，另一端向上绕过一滚链轮后再向下延伸，进入所述直筒内连接一根绳索的一端，该绳索另一端穿过所述配重上的竖直通孔后向下延伸，穿过安装在所述直筒底端入口处的导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳后向下延伸，系在所述重力锚上；
第二种，所述直线旋转转换机构为环链轮+环链，或摩擦轮+绳索：一锁链一端连接所述重力锚，另一端向上穿过安装在控绳机构机架底端的导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳后，再绕过环链轮，后又向下穿过安装在所述机架底端的另一导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳后，继续延伸，最后连接一作为收绳构件的配重；所述环链轮+锁链也可替换为摩擦轮+绳索，一绳索一端连接所述重力锚，另一端向上穿过安装在所述机架底端的导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳后，再绕过摩擦轮后向下延伸，穿过安装在所述机架底端的另一导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳后，继续向下延伸最后连接一配重；
第三种：所述直线旋转转换机构为主副卷筒+主副绳缆，具体为：主卷筒与副卷筒通过齿轮/链式传动机构联动或通过主轴轴连，主绳缆的一端固定并缠绕在主卷筒上，该主绳缆的另一端向下穿过一安装在控绳机构机架底端的导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳后继续向下延伸，最后连接到所述重力锚上，副绳缆的一端固定并缠绕在副卷筒上，该副绳缆的另一端穿过安装在控绳机构机架底端的另一个导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳后连接一作为收绳构件的配重，主绳缆与副绳缆的拉力在主轴上产生的扭矩方向相反；收绳构件也可替换为拉簧，拉簧的另一端固定在机架上；
上述直线旋转运动转换机构的旋转构件(即链轮/环链轮/摩擦轮/主卷筒)与绳控液压缸波浪发电机的重力锚之间的绳索/环链/主绳缆，定义为采能索；而直线旋转运动转换机构的旋转构件与所述配重之间的绳索/环链/副绳缆，定义为复位索；以上本节内容为方案5。针对方案5，优选的：所述采能索的下段为一段锁链，该锁链上的某点与所述重力锚通过快速接环连接。
节VI：对于方案5中，采用环链轮+环链型、摩擦轮+绳索型、以及采用配重作为收绳构件的主副卷筒型直线旋转运动转换机构的控绳机构，优选的增加防缠机构，有以下几种：
第一种，单悬链侧拉式：一根悬锚链一端系在所述配重上，另一端向下向一侧延伸，最后连接到一另一锚基上，该悬链也可替换为一段绳子，该绳子中间系重块；
第二种，锚链侧拉式：一根绳子一端连接配重，另一端向一侧延伸一段距离，又绕过一滑轮后向下延伸，最后连接一重块；所述滑轮的滑轮架与用于锚定本波浪发电机浮体或附近其他浮体的系泊系统的其中一根锚链的中段某处挠性/万向连接；也可以省掉所述配重，这样复位索末端直接和所述绳子一端连接，让重块作为收绳用的配重；
第三种，旁标侧拉式：在波浪发电机浮体周围一定距离处增加一浮标，所述浮体及浮标被系泊系统锚定在某处，一根绳子一端系在所述配重上，另一端延伸到浮标下方，绕过一滑轮后向下延伸，最后连接一重块，所述滑轮的滑轮架通过第二绳子连接浮标底面；也可以省掉上述配重，而让复位索末端直接和所述绳子一端连接，让重块作为收绳配重；
第四种，潜标侧拉式：一根绳子一端连接所述配重，另一端向下向一侧延伸，然后绕过一滑轮后向上延伸，最后连接一水下浮子，所述滑轮的滑轮架与另一锚基顶端挠性/万向连接；或者是省掉所述配重，即从浮体下来的复位索末端直接与一根绳子一端连接，该绳子另一端向下向一侧延伸，然后绕过一滑轮向上延伸，最后连接一水下浮子，所述滑轮的滑轮架与另一锚基顶端挠性/万向连接；优选的：对于以上四种含配重的防缠机构，侧拉所述配重的所述绳子/悬链，可不直接连接配重而是通过硬直杆连接，即所述绳子/悬链的末端与硬直杆一端连接，硬直杆另一端与配重挠性/万向连接；
第五种，单采能索双复位索式：所述控绳机构的直线旋转运动转换机构为：一个主卷筒左右两侧各有一套同样的副卷筒+副绳缆，此三卷筒共轴，两根副绳缆下端系在所述配重的左右两侧，而主绳缆则从配重上的竖直通孔中穿过；优选的：贯穿孔的上下两个入口处安装导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳，主绳缆从导缆钳/双滚轮导缆钳中穿过；
第六种，多绳导向式(方案6-6)：控绳机构有两套相同的共轴的间隔一定轴向距离的环链轮/摩擦轮/主卷筒以及所配套的采能索，两根采能索在穿过安装在机架底端的各自对应的导缆器/双滚轮导缆器后，继续向下延伸，分别从所述配重上的相隔一定距离的两个竖直通孔中穿过，最后连接到重力锚上；优选的，有方案6-6-1：配重上的竖直孔的上下出入口处安装有引导绳索进入的导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳；对于方案6-6，优选的有方案6-6-2：所述采能索与重力锚的连接还可采用以下两种设计：
设计1：由控绳机构向下延伸的原本要连接重力锚的两采能索改为在靠近重力锚上方处合为一股并绕一滑轮，该滑轮的滑轮架与所述重力锚挠性/万向连接；设计2：所述两根采能索先不连接所述重力锚，改为先分别连接一硬直杆两端，该硬直杆再通过V形绳索连接重力锚，即：V形绳索的两个顶端分别与硬直杆的两端连接，V形绳索的底端与重力锚挠性/万向连接；
对于方案6-6，优选的有方案6-6-3：所述WEC与控绳机构机架的连接采用单绳/U形环/V形绳索连接方式；单绳连接即：一根缆绳一端连接所述WEC，另一端连接到控绳机构机架 顶端的系点，且该系点要在两根拉直的采能索的中心线与控绳机构顶端的交点上；
U形环连接即：所述波浪能采集转换系统与控绳机构的连接采用U形环，即：控绳机构机架的左侧固结一短轴的一端，右侧也固结另一短轴的一端，两短轴同轴线，两短轴分别插入一U形环的两孔中，U形环的中段外侧与波浪能采集转换系统连接；所述短轴轴线与两根采能索所穿过的两导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳的位置连线垂直，且与该连线中点重合；
V形绳索连接即：V形绳索所在平面要先与两被拉直的采能索平行，然后将V形绳索的底端放到所述两采能索中心线的延长线上，该V形绳索底端与WEC连接；然后V形绳索的两顶端连接到控绳机构机架顶端；优选的：V形绳索所在平面与两采能索所在平面重合；
第七种,双悬链挡杆式：复位索所连接的配重的两侧各系一根锚链，两根锚链向两侧向下叉分开，每根锚链的另一端分别连接一锚基；锚链也可替换为锚缆，但应在锚缆中间系重块；也可省掉所述配重，这样复位索与两根锚链/锚缆直接连接组成倒Y字结构；优选的：所述采能索下半段可替换为硬直杆，该硬直杆底端与所述重力锚挠性/万向连接；
第八种，直筒导向式：控绳机构的机架为一个只有在底面有开口的半封闭壳体，壳体底面固接一竖立直筒，直筒顶端开口并与控绳机构的壳体融通为一个腔，所述配重处在直筒内，与直筒内壁存有间隙，配重上方的复位索穿过的导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳省掉，而采能索穿过的导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳改为安装在滑筒底部外侧面；
第九种，穿吊锚式：在控绳机构机架的自转被约束的前提下，可采用本防缠机构，吊锚即被悬吊在水中的所述重力锚(后有解释)，所述采能索底端连接到吊锚上，所述复位索从所述吊锚上的竖直通孔中穿过后，继续向下延伸连接配重；但需注意的是，如果吊锚是滑轮吊锚，则其中的滑轮架应与吊锚固结；优选的：在所述吊锚竖直通孔的上下入口处安装导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳，所述复位索从该导缆钳/双滚轮导缆钳中穿过；
第十种，Г形导向杆式：在控绳机构机架的自转被约束的前提下，可采用本防缠机构，具体为：所述采能索下半段用Г形导向杆代替，即采能索底端先连接到Г形导向杆的直角拐点处，然后Г形导向杆的长杆部分的底端通过互相勾住的一对锁环连接到所述重力锚上，所述复位索从安装在Г形导向杆的短杆部分外端的第三导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳中穿过，所述配重上设有竖直导向孔，Г形导向杆的长杆部分从安装在所述竖直导向孔的上下出入口处的导缆器中穿过；Г形导向杆的长杆部分为矩形截面，长杆部分四个侧面与所述导缆器的四滚轮一一紧贴；所述配重湿重要大于采能索+Г形导向杆的湿重；
节VII：本节涉及一种可控的对绳索进行制动、松放的装置，即方案7-1：摩擦轮与齿轮轴连，摩擦轮、齿轮、轴及其轴承&座构成一个摩擦轮齿轮单元，轴通过轴承&座安装在机架上，两同样的摩擦轮齿轮单元轴线平行、同向、端面对齐且依次紧挨的安装在机架上，两摩擦轮齿轮单元的齿轮啮合，而摩擦轮外缘直径要小于齿轮分度圆直径，这样摩擦轮之间留有间隙而不接触；摩擦轮组的其中一个单元的齿轮与电控制动器转子轴连，电控制动器定子固定在机架上；该绳索依次蜿蜒绕过每个摩擦轮齿轮单元的摩擦轮，所谓蜿蜒绕过是指：绳索在前行中，绕第一个摩擦轮与绕第二个摩擦轮的方向(顺/逆时针)相反；另外，所述两摩擦轮齿轮单元的齿轮直径大小也可不同，两摩擦轮齿轮单元的摩擦轮直径大小也可不同，但每个摩擦轮齿轮单元的本摩擦轮直径÷本齿轮分度圆直径的比值是相同的；实际应用时，通常所述绳索一端会受到很大拉力，这时要在所述绳索另一端要施加一个小的拉力以抗衡。
对于方案7-1，优选的有方案7-1-1：2个以上的上述摩擦轮齿轮单元按照上述规则安装， 摩擦轮齿轮单元的齿轮串序串联啮合，而所述绳索仍为一根，依所述啮合次序蜿蜒绕过每个摩擦轮齿轮单元的摩擦轮，整个摩擦轮组仍只有一个摩擦轮齿轮单元的轴与电控制动器的转子轴连；对于方案7-1，进一步优选的有方案7-1-2：与电控制动器转子轴连的是：从绳索拉力大的那一侧开始数，最后一个摩擦轮齿轮单元的轴，即从该绳索拉力小端的那一侧数，第一个摩擦轮齿轮单元的轴。对于方案7-1，优选的有方案7-1-3，在所述绳索接近或离开所述摩擦轮齿轮组处，安装导缆器到所述机架上，所述绳索从该导缆器中穿过。对于方案7-1，优选的有方案7-1-4：所述电控制动器也可以替换为手动制动器，这样就成了手动去控制放绳。对于方案7-1，优选的有方案7-1-5，所述的“在所述绳索另一端施加一个小的拉力”，可以采用配重的重力来产生该小的拉力，即绳索的该端连接一配重。
节VIII：本节涉及一种将重力锚悬吊在水中(脱离海底，使得重力锚可以移动)的吊锚方案，可应用于那些利用浮体与重力锚之间相对运动做功的波浪发电机，有如下几种：
第一种直连吊锚8-1方案，具体为：在波浪发电机的浮体两侧一定距离处，各系泊一个浮标，每个浮标各系一根缆绳，这两根缆绳的另一端连接到该波浪发电机的重力锚上；
第二种，滑轮吊锚方案8-2：相隔一定距离系泊的两个海面上的浮标，波浪发电机的浮体布放在两浮标之间的中间位置，一根缆绳的两端分别系在所述两浮标上，这根缆绳的中部靠近该波浪发电机的重力锚的上方处，并绕一滑轮，该滑轮的滑轮架底端与所述重力锚连接。
第三种，方案8-3：波浪发电机的重力锚是立方体，重力锚顶面的四个顶点分别安装一个滑轮，这样重力锚顶面上的两个对边上各有两个滑轮，每个对边的顶滑轮各在一根索道上滚动，两根索道在重力锚左侧合为一股，并绕一滑轮，该滑轮的滑轮架与左侧用于悬吊该重力锚的缆绳一端连接，同样两根索道在重力锚右侧也是合为一股，并绕另一滑轮，该滑轮的滑轮架与右侧的用于悬吊该重力锚的缆绳一端连接；重力锚两侧的所述两缆绳的另一端分别连接水面上的相隔一定距离系泊的两浮标，波浪发电机的浮体布放在两浮标中间位置；
第四种，方案8-4：波浪发电机的重力锚为平放的立方体，在重力锚的前后两侧面上部各安装一导缆器，并在重力锚的右侧两竖直棱边上安装两导向滑轮，悬吊该重力锚的缆绳依次穿过后导缆器、绕过右后棱边的导向滑轮、右前棱边的导向滑轮，穿过前导缆器；该缆绳两端分别连接水面上相隔一定距离系泊的两浮标，所述波浪发电机的浮体布放在两浮标中间；
第五种，方案8-5：两同样的硬直杆平行、端面对齐的分别穿过重力锚上间隔一定水平距离且互相平行的两横向通孔，硬直杆侧面与横向通孔内壁存有间隙，这两硬直杆的左右两端分别与左右两钢架固结，每一侧的悬吊缆绳分别连接该侧钢架中部；重力锚两侧的所述两缆绳分别连接水面上相隔一定距离系泊的两浮标，所述波浪发电机的浮体布放在两浮标中间；
8-3、8-4方案，所述重力锚不限于立方体也可为其他形状，但所述滑轮、导缆器、导向滑轮的位置不变。8-4、8-5方案，所述重力锚的重心要低于所述绳索/硬直杆，以维持稳定。
对于上述各种吊锚方案，优选的有方案8-*-1(*在本文中代表任意数字，指多个，此处包括了8-1至5)：所述波浪发电机浮体与所述浮标之间用一根绳子连接；
对于方案8-*-1，优选的有方案8-*-1-1：连接所述波浪发电机浮体与所述浮标的绳子中间系有重块或绳子中某段用拉簧代替；对于方案方案8-*-1-1优选的有：如果采用了所述重块作为缓冲手段，则在靠近所述浮标一定距离处的所述绳子上，系一浮子，以托起此处的绳子。
对于方案8-*-1，优选的有方案8-*-1-2：所述波浪发电机浮体通过V形绳索与所述绳子连接，即所述绳子与V形绳索的底端连接，该V形绳索的两个顶端分别与浮体顶端底端连接；
对于方案8-*，优选的有方案8-*-2：当多个波浪发电机在一起运行时，多个波浪发电机的浮体排成一列，相邻的所述浮体之间以及队列首尾均放置一个浮标，每个所述波浪发电机的重力锚被其浮体两侧的两浮标通过缆绳悬吊在水中，可采用的悬吊方式可为8-*所列几种；整个队列首尾的所述浮标各系一根锚链，该锚链另一端向队列外侧向下延伸最后连接一锚上；对于方案8-*-2，进一步优选的有方案8-*-2-1，相邻的所述浮体与浮标之间用绳子连接。
对于方案8-*-2-1，优选的有方案8-*-2-1-1：在所述浮标/浮体上安装可人工或单片机控制的卷扬机/绞车，以根据波况收进或放出所述绳子/锚链；对于方案8-*-2，优选的有方案8-*-2-2：所述队列中的浮体、浮标，也向垂直队列的方向上引出锚链，该锚链底端连接锚；
对于方案8-*，优选的有方案8-*-3：所述浮标为轴线水平的水滴流线型(类似潜艇)，以减少海流冲击力，在所述浮标的尖尾部安装尾翼(与浮标轴线重合的、竖直的板，形同风向标的尾翼)，以使得浮标借助海流自动调整方向，在所述浮标底部安装旋转吊环/8字旋转环，旋转吊环/8字旋转环底端作为该浮标与其他绳子、缆绳/系泊链/缆(如果该浮标连接了系泊链/缆)的连接点。
节IX：本节讲述控绳机架安装在吊锚上、细长构件顶端连接WEC的吊锚基控绳机构。
方案9-1齿条式吊锚基控绳机构：重力锚为吊锚，中心有竖直贯穿孔，控绳机构的机架处在该竖直贯穿孔中，并通过X形锁链或环状十字万向节与该孔内壁连接。
X形锁链连接，具体为：所述控绳机构机架左侧连接两根锁链的一端，该两根锁链的另一端分别向左上方、左下方延伸，最后连接到所述重力锚孔内左壁上，所述控绳机构机架右侧连接另外两根锁链的一端，该两根锁链的另一端分别向右上方、右下方延伸，最后连接到所述重力锚孔内右壁上，四根锁链形成X字，而控绳机架处于中心；
环状十字万向节连接结构为：一平放在XY坐标平面的二维方环/圆环，该方环/圆环的中心点处在XY坐标原点，沿X方向在该方环/圆环的两侧各向环外伸出一轴，该两轴所配合的轴承&座分别安装在所述重力锚的竖直孔内相对的两壁上，沿Y方向所述方环/圆环的两侧各向环内伸出一轴，该两轴的轴承&座则安装在控绳机构的机架的两侧；
所述控绳机构的机架外形如同平放的U形磁铁，但中空；齿条竖直放置并被控绳机构的U形机架半包围；机架上安装引导齿条上下运动的导轨，与齿条啮合的齿轮的轴通过轴承&座安装在控绳机构机架上，齿轮的轴与电控制动器的转子轴连，或通过锥齿轮传动机构/链式传动机构与电控制动器的转子联动，该电控制动器定子固定在所述机架上；齿条顶端与波浪能采集转换系统连接；所述齿轮的轴穿过嵌在U形机架内侧壁上的孔处的密封圈，进入U形机架腔内，电控制动器、锥齿轮/链式传动机构(如果有)均在腔内。
对于方案9-1，优选的有方案9-1-1：上述齿轮为同样大小的两个及以上，每个齿轮均轴连一个锥齿轮，且锥齿轮尺寸是一样的，与这些锥齿轮分别啮合的多个锥齿轮共轴，该主轴与上述电控制动器的转子轴连；对于方案9-1-1，优选的：所述主轴竖直，主轴顶端与所述电控制动器的转子轴连，电控制动器的位置高于所述任何一个U形机架内侧壁上的孔。
方案9-2制动条式吊锚基控绳机构：重力锚为吊锚，中心有竖直贯穿孔，控绳机构的机架处在该竖直贯穿孔中，并通过上述的X形锁链或环状十字万向节方式与该孔内壁连接；控绳机构的机架外轮廓如同平放的U形磁铁，但中空；一根截面为方钢型材状的制动条竖直放置，并处于所述控绳机构的U形机架半包围中，在所述U形机架顶端、底端分别安装两个引导制动条上下运动的导缆器，导缆器的四滚柱分别于制动条的四个侧面一一贴合，与制动条对应 的电控制动钳安装在所述机架上，所述制动条顶端与波浪能采集转换系统连接。
节X：对于方案5、9-1，优选的有：将超越离合器/扭矩限制器插入到由直线旋转运动转换机构的旋转构件到电控制动器的动力传递路线中，具体为：所述直线旋转运动转换机构的旋转构件与超越离合器/扭矩限制器的一端轴连，或通过链式/齿轮/皮带传动机构与该超越离合器/扭矩限制器的这一端联动，该超越离合器/扭矩限制器的另一端与所述电控制动器的转子轴连；所述电控制动器定子固定在机架上；如果引入了超越离合器，则当所述电控制动器处于制动状态时，直线旋转转换机构的旋转构件的可转动方向，应与复位索拉力对其产生的力矩方向相同；进一步优选的：如果控绳机构已经包含了前述超越离合器，则安装第二电控制动器，该第二电控制动器的定子安装在控绳机构机架上，该第二电控制动器的转子与所述直线旋转运动转换机构的旋转构件轴连或通过链式/齿轮/皮带传动机构联动。
节XI：优选的：对于方案5，控绳机构机架为只有底端开口的半封闭壳体，对于方案9-1、9-2，控绳机构机架为全封闭壳体，它们的所述直线旋转转换机构的旋转构件、主轴及其轴承&座、电控制动器均安装在所述机架内腔中，进一步优选的：还包括补气系统；有以下几种：
第一种：补气系统包括气管、水浸传感器、单片机控制模块、电动气泵及辅助电源，电动气泵安装在海面浮体的空气环境中，一气管一端连接该气泵排气口，另一端钻入控绳机构腔内，一水浸传感器安装在该腔内的、所述直线旋转转换机构的轴下方处的机架上，该水浸传感器通过信号线发信息给MCU控制模块，MCU控制模块对所述电动气泵的供电进行开关控制，如该气泵停机后气体会回流，则气泵出气口通过准出单向阀连接所述气管；
第二种：包括水浸传感器、单片机MCU及辅助电源、电磁阀、高压气罐，这些除水浸传感器外均安装在所述半封闭壳体腔内上部，所述水浸传感器的安装腔内的、所述直线旋转转换机构的轴下方处的机架上，其一旦检测到水，则立即发信号给单片机，单片机控制所述电磁阀打开与关闭，所述高压气罐出口所接的气管通过该电磁阀与所述控绳机构壳体腔内相通；
第三种：在所述控绳机构机架腔内直线旋转转换机构的轴下方处的机架上放置遇水反应产生大量气体的化学固体，如电石；
第四种：在所述控绳机构上布设带有直流电压的正负外包绝缘皮的两根电缆，负极电缆通向所述机架腔内，连接一个裸露的但与所述机架绝缘的石墨电极，该石墨电极安装在所述直线旋转转换机构的轴下方处的机架上，正极电缆所连接的石墨电极则安装在所述机架壳体外，并与机架绝缘。
另外，对于本说明书提到的，引导绳索的导缆器，优选的有方案12-1：导缆器为四滚柱导缆器，绳索刚进入导缆器所接触的第一对滚柱，外套软质、耐磨材料制成的圆管，该软质耐磨管两端口与所述滚柱柱面的两端固结密封，该软质耐磨圆管内壁与所述滚柱柱面间隙很小，间隙内充填润滑油。
对于本说明书提到的，引导绳索的导缆器，优选的有方案12-2：导缆器为四滚柱导缆器，绳索刚进入导缆器所接触的第一对滚柱，外套超高分子量聚乙烯纤维织成的桶状套子，该桶状套子表面外敷橡胶，该桶状套子两端口分别于滚柱柱面两端连接，滚柱采用聚四氟乙烯材料，UHMWPE套子与聚四氟乙烯滚柱的自润滑使得套子可随绳索左右摆动，而绳索与外敷橡胶的UHMWPE套子始终为静摩擦。
本发明具有以下优点：
1)本发明中的采用控绳机构机架与WEC连接的方案，使得浮体与控绳机架的距离短且 基本稳定，使控绳电缆可以短，提高了可靠性。同时因控绳装置离水面近，方便维护。
2)本发明中的单浮体压差复位方案，液压缸置于浮体之上的设计，使得液压缸的泄油能够在重力作用下流入开式油箱，降低了污染海水的风险，而设备舱是全封闭壳体，杜绝海水进入设备舱内这一隐患。而浮体采用设备舱+浮力舱这种可分离结构，使得维护更加方便。而液压缸设计在浮体外的方案也使得液压缸的维护、密封圈的更换更为简便。本发明中的，单浮体压差复位B型WEC，其柱塞缸的泄油口位置相对浮体稳定，回收泄油的管不会乱动。
3)本发明中的方管，应用于单浮体压差复位WEC，使得控绳机构与WEC连接为一个整体，从而避免靠一根绳索悬吊控绳机构引起的不稳、以及绳索弯曲问题，减少了控绳机构的倾斜提高了安全性。控绳装置的导线在方管内走线的设计可以保护导线。
4)双浮体重力复位型WEC，使得单作用液压缸的复位不再需要低压蓄能器提供压力复位，可直接依靠重力从开式油箱中吸油，省掉了补油系统，减少了系统复杂性。
5)本发明中的弹簧+重块组成的弹簧振子系统，可以使得在波谷的时候，采能索受到更大的拉力，从而减少采能索挠性弯曲带来的波高利用损失。
6)本发明中的控绳机构利用配重收绳，寿命长、行程长、可靠性高、收绳力度大，不会像弹簧那样有疲劳、收绳力量小等问题。防缠机构则避免了采能索与复位索直接的缠绕现象。而采用环链轮+锁链、摩擦轮+绳索作为直线旋转运动转换机构，因为不变径(卷筒的往往要变径)，采能索复位拉力等于配重，控绳机构结构简单，体积小。
7)采用摩擦轮组作为直线旋转运动转换机构，绳索只缠一次，避免了采用卷筒时轴线方向上排绳宽度过宽问题，多摩擦轮组能够大大增强单根绳索的工作拉力，让绳缆得以在更小弯曲半径下工作，可以减小输出给电动控制器的扭矩，降低成本，减小了控绳机构体积。电控制动器与复位索侧摩擦轮齿轮单元轴连的方案则减少了绳索磨损。
8)本发明中机架与WEC连接的控绳机构，其机架采用只有底端开口的半封闭壳体，采能索/复位索又可以从下方出入，而空气还可以储存其中，从而很简便的解决了控绳机构内部零件的防水问题。本发明中的补气系统，又进一步提高了防水保障能力。
9)吊锚方案，使得重力锚可以悬在水中，摆脱了水深的制约(如果水深太深，采能索长度过长，则其弹性形变很大，将会导致部分波高用在拉长绳索上而不是做功)，还可让重力锚一直处于浮体下方，使采能索近乎竖直，避免了海流影响采集发电的问题。
10)本发明中的齿条式/制动条式控绳机构，细长构件是刚性的不会弯曲，所以避免了采用绳索作为采能元件所带来的挠性形变，避免了由此带来的波高利用损失。
11)本发明中的带软质耐磨润滑管/UHMWPE套子的导缆器，进一步减少绳索的磨损。
附图说明
图1：绳控液压缸波浪发电机示意图(单浮体压差复位型、环链轮、Г形导向杆)
图2：双绳导向式控绳机构结构图(卷筒、气泵注气)
图2A：U形环悬吊控绳装置结构图 图2B：滑轮均衡双采能索的结构图
图3：一种电控制动器结构图(电磁铁、弹簧、制动主缸、鼓式制动器)
图4：单采能索双复位索防缠+卷筒式控绳机构结构图
图5：双悬链挡杆式防缠结构示意图 图6：单悬链防缠+摩擦轮组式控绳机构侧视图
图7：双绳导向式防缠机构+摩擦轮组式控绳机构示意图(V形绳索上下连接) 图7A：图 7的剖面图A-A 图8：织带+摩擦轮式控绳机构(V形绳索上下连接)
图9：滚链轮式控绳机构+压差复位型WEC(活塞缸)
图10：滚链轮式控绳机构+双浮体重力复位型WEC 图10A：图10的剖面图A-A
图11：拉簧收绳型控绳机构+双浮体重力复位型WEC+吊锚
图12：单浮体压差复位A型WEC(设备舱+浮力舱)剖面图(活塞缸上置)
图13：一列多波浪发电机工作时采用吊锚示意图
图14：一列应用吊锚方案的WEC示意图(旁标侧拉型防缠机构、穿吊锚型防缠机构)
图15：应用吊锚的WEC方阵 图16：V形绳索与吊锚组合的结构图
图17：双索道吊锚结构图 图18：摩擦轮组控绳机构+双浮体重力复位A型WEC
图19：双浮体重力复位B型WEC(液压系统主要安装在环状浮体上)
图20：单浮体压差复位B型WEC(绳索) 图21：单浮体压差复位B型WEC(方管)
图21A：图21的剖面图F-F’ 图21B：图21的剖面图E-E’ 图21C：图21的局部A视图
图21D：图21的局部A放大斜视图 图22：吊锚基齿条式控绳机构主视图
图22A：图22的剖面图D-D 图22B：图22的局部视图G 图22C：图22的剖面图E-E
图22D：图22的局部视图F 图23：侧绕式吊锚结构图 图24：带软质耐磨管的导缆器
图25：控绳机构安装在吊锚上的结构图 图26：双硬直杆抬吊锚结构图
图27：阻尼盘基控绳机构X形锁链安装结构图 图28：制动条控绳机构结构图
图29：制动条式控绳机构外观图 图30：环状十字万向节平面图
1-浮体：钢制/玻璃钢外壳；2-液压缸；3-活塞杆；4-高压蓄能器；5-滤油器；6-液压马达；7-发电机；8-低压蓄能器；9-做功行程结束探头：感应活塞到达其行程结束位置的传感器，可为霍尔传感器(需安装与活塞杆联动的磁铁)/感应金属接近的电感式接近开关；10-伸缩管：波纹管形状的可伸缩的橡胶管；11-导缆器：四滚柱式导缆器，一对相互轴线平行、端面对齐，但有间隙的滚柱成一组，两组轴线互相垂直叠放但不接触的安装在一支架上，滚柱可自由旋转，被导向物从每组滚柱间隙通过；12-电缆；13-控绳机构的外壳：也是控绳机构的机架。14-U形环：形状与去掉销子的吊装用的U形环(也叫D卸扣)一样，两端有同轴线的孔；15-超越离合器；16-电控制动器：可用电来控制的制动器，旋转式，包括有一个转子、一个定子；电控制动器分为直接控制或间接控制，直接控制的有：电磁离合器、电磁制动器，而对于汽车上ABS防抱死系统中，ECU通过控制电磁阀来控制盘式刹车器，则是间接控制的电控制动器；17-重力锚；18-配重：比重大于水，其重力作为收绳动力；19-Г形导向杆：Г形钢架，长杆部分为矩形截面；20-双滚轮导缆钳：轴线平行、端面对齐、且轮缘紧挨安装的同样两个凹槽滑轮，绳索被夹在两滑轮之间，抗轴向力强的双滚轮导缆钳可与导缆器可互换；21-主绳缆；22-锁链；23-主卷筒；24-绳索；25-链式传动；26-密封圈；旋转型密封圈；27-活塞；28-压链轮：通过弹簧力压着链条，在配重失重时可维持链条的拉力；29-环链轮；30-采能索；31-电磁铁；32-衔铁；33-拉簧；34-制动主缸；35-液压管；36-从动油缸；37-副卷筒；38-电动气泵；39-气管；40-水浸传感器；41-主轴；42-副轴；43-副绳缆；44-第三绳子；45-扭矩过载保护器：提供扭矩过载保护，一旦过载则脱离或失效，可以是延时可恢复型、手动恢复型和不可恢复需置换型；46-抓地锚；47-齿轮；48-摩擦轮：通过键与其主轴固结，表面车有类似V带轮的凹槽，但凹槽底部为半圆形，凹槽表面覆盖聚氨酯或橡胶材料，以增强摩擦力和耐磨性，绳索绕在凹槽里，49-第二绳子；50-复位索51-重块：比重大于水；52-水下浮 力舱；53-竖直杆；增大绳索拉力点的力臂，当竖直杆倾斜时可增大回位力矩，减少浮体摇摆；54-轴承&座：轴承及其所配套的轴承座；55-V形绳索；56-滑轮；57-缆绳；58-锚链；59-浮标；60-浮子；61-硬直杆：笔直的硬杆；62-滑轮架；63-直筒：笔直的管；64-短轴；65-滚柱：可自由转动的圆柱体；66-织带；67-浮力舱：短厚圆管外轮廓，空心壳体，旋转剖面是矩形，内部可充填泡沫，比重小于水以提供浮力；68-三脚架；三根钢杆一端固接在一起，它们的另一端均等角度的叉分开，类似相机的三脚架；69-设备舱上盖；70-吊钩；71-竖直管：竖立的圆管或方管；72-开式油箱；73-补油泵；74、设备舱：短厚圆管外形的空心壳体，旋转剖面是矩形，全密封，内部可安装设备；75-吊环；76-绳子；77-导向滑环：环状，绳索从中穿过，引导绳索运动；78-盛油碗；钢制或塑料制的碗形物。79-控绳装置；80-环状浮体：短厚圆管外形的空心壳体，旋转剖面是矩形；81-立柱；82-导向滚轮：形同固定脚轮，通过滚动引导构件运动方向。83-П支架：钢制П形状，或为与OPT公司的Powerbuoy一样的三腿架，即平放的Y形横梁的每个端点向下伸出腿，形成3腿结构的支架；84-挠性/万向连接：可以是锁链/绳，或互相勾住的一对锁环，也可以为球铰；允许互相连接的两部件有一定夹角变化的连接方式。85-筒形防雨罩：竖立的管状，底端开口，顶端封闭且与П支架/三腿架横梁底面固结，套在立柱上；86-导轨；87-圆饼状端盖；88-钢架；89-垫块；91-绳结：绳子上系的限位固体，绳结轮廓大于滑轮架的间隙而无法通过。92-滚链轮；93-滚子链；94-齿条；95-摩擦式联轴器：靠一对摩擦副传递动力的联轴器；过载时摩擦副会打滑；96-孔；97-阻尼盘；98-制动条：笔直、长的硬质方柱，其两个相对的侧面摩擦系数大，作为摩擦面；99-制动钳；100-环形十字万向节；102-凸缘：凸起的边缘，限位用；103-复位结束探头：用于监测复位行程到终点的接近开关或传感器。104-第二拉簧；105-刹车蹄；106-限位块；107-卷扬机；108-方管；109-细直管；110-高压气罐；111-矩形钢架，竖立安装形同“口”形；112-第二电控制动器；113-方钢；114-凸耳；115-泄油管；116-橡胶管；117-光轴；118-润滑油；119-快速接环；120-旋转吊环；121-尾翼；122-石墨电极；121-螺旋电缆；
具体实施方式
下面结合附图来进一步进行说明。
节I：本发明的绳控液压缸波浪发电机，包括波浪能采集转换系统(即WEC)、控绳装置、重力锚，WEC位于水面，通过其下方的控绳装置连接重力锚；控绳装置包括两个相对运动可控的构件，分别是机架和细长构件，机架在上细长构件在下时，机架顶端作为与WEC的连接点，细长构件底端作为与重力锚的连接点，而当机架在下细长构件在上时，机架作为与重力锚的连接点，细长构件顶端作为与WEC的连接点，控绳装置相当于提供一个相对于重力锚距离可调的基准点，WEC利用浮体与水下的这个基准点间的相对运动来做功发电。
本WEC有两大类，一是单浮体压差复位型WEC，另一种是双浮体重力复位型WEC，它可利用浮体与重力锚之间的距离变化来吸收波浪能，从而发电。
节II：单浮体压差复位型WEC，分为两种，采用活塞缸的A型(工作时，液压缸受拉)和采用柱塞缸的B型(工作时，液压缸受压)。图1上部分是单浮体压差复位A型WEC。
图12是一种单浮体压差复位A型WEC。本图的浮体是浮力舱67与设备舱74的组合(后有解释)，姑且先只把设备舱74作为浮体不考虑浮力舱67，浮体(即设备舱74)的结构可以是：一封闭壳体，中心贯穿一竖直管，去除直管管内的壳体部分后形成一个中心有贯穿孔的全封闭壳体，本图设备舱74也可以看成是一矩形绕一轴旋转出来的薄壁空壳结构(本文叫方 截面游泳圈结构)，该轴平行于该矩形的一条边且与该矩形有一定距离；所述设备舱74的贯穿孔下出口处(图中是通过竖立管71安装导缆器，当然也可省掉竖立管71)安装有导缆器11，一个三脚架68的三个底脚(只画了2个)固定在浮体顶面上，该三脚架68的顶端处在所述贯穿孔的正上方，该三脚架顶端通过锁链22连接一单作用液压缸2的缸体顶端，该单作用液压缸2的活塞杆柄所连接的绳索24先后从浮体中心孔、导缆器11中穿过，最后连接到控绳装置机架13上；发电机及除单作用液压缸2外的液压系统均在设备舱74内；
本图方案是利用压差复位的，工作时，高压蓄能器压强>>低压蓄能器压强>大气压。关于本型WEC的详细工作原理可参看专利CN 103104408A，控绳装置12处于锁定时，设备舱74随波浪上升，设备舱74与控绳装置12距离拉大，绳索24产生拉力，拉动活塞缸2，输出的高压液压油，经过准出单向阀(相对于有杆腔只准出)，经高压蓄能器稳压，然后推动液压马达，到达低压蓄能器，在设备舱74随波浪下落时，设备舱74与控绳装置12距离缩短，绳索24松弛，因为低压蓄能器压强大于大气压，所以活塞在这两个压力压差作用下上升，将绳索24收回，同时液压油从低压蓄能器经准入单向阀(相对于有杆腔只准入)进入有杆腔(本文的所有附图，液压油流向用箭头标出)。
本设计的亮点在于将液压缸2置于浮体外部上方。液压缸2的活塞杆柄部与一碗口朝上的盛油碗78的碗底固结，为保护液压缸活塞杆免受外界含盐水气腐蚀，在活塞杆上套一伸缩管10，伸缩管10的下端口与盛油碗78外缘对接密封，伸缩管10上端口套在液压缸2缸体上并与其侧面连接并密封，这样伸缩管10内部就形成了一个腔，叫波纹腔。一气管39一个管口与伸缩管内的波纹腔上部接通，另一管口朝下，其作用是让波纹腔与大气相通，保持内外压强平衡，让液压缸泄出的液压油能够向下流动，管口朝下是为了防雨水或海水进入波纹腔，底部的盛油碗78将泄漏的液压油收集起来。液压缸2的泄油管115分别从缸体无杆腔内上部和盛油碗78内引出，然后合为一路，从设备舱顶盖69钻入设备舱腔内，最后进入开式油箱72，补油泵73从开式油箱72中抽取液压油注入到上述闭式液压循环管路中。补油泵73是电机驱动的，MCU(即单片机)从开式油箱内的液位传感器中或闭式液压系统上的压强传感器获取信息，对所述电机启停进行控制。波纹管10在空中，即使撕裂，也不会有海水进入波纹腔内，也不会有油流到大海里，设备舱74完全密封，上部也仅连接了一根泄油管，减少了海水进入浮力舱的风险。
另外图14左也包含了与本图一样的单浮体压差复位型WEC。现在来解释一下由设备舱与浮力舱组合成的结构，见图12。在上面设备舱74的基础上，增加浮力舱67，浮力舱67可为一环状浮体(本图为矩形截面的圆环体)，浮力舱67与设备舱74的连接方式可以有两种：
一种是嵌入式(图12)，即：浮力舱67环内孔稍大于设备舱74外轮廓，设备舱74嵌入浮力舱67的环内孔中，二者可通过螺栓连接在一起，也可以在设备舱顶盖69或浮力舱67环内孔的底部设限位凸缘102，以阻止设备舱74相对于浮力舱67下落，或者是：浮力舱的环内孔的内表面或设备舱的外侧面为上粗下细的锥面，设备舱楔入浮力舱的环内孔内；
另一种是叠加式(无图)，即：所述浮力舱环内孔要小于所述设备舱外轮廓，设备舱74的底面固定到浮力舱67顶面上，所述设备舱底面的导缆器，改到安装在所述浮力舱环内孔下出口处；所述单作用液压缸的活塞杆底端的绳索先后从设备舱中心孔、浮力舱环内孔、安装在浮力舱底端的导缆器中穿过后，向下延伸最后连接到控绳装置；
之所以将浮体设计成设备舱与浮力舱两个可分离的部分，主要是为了方便维护。见图12， 当需要维护设备舱时，只需用绳子44将浮力舱67底面与控绳机架13连接起来，将绳索24下方与控绳机构机架13的连接件—吊环75与吊钩70分离，船上的吊机勾住三脚架75顶端的挂环，就可将设备舱吊到甲板上。而控绳机构13则被绳子44吊在水中而不会下沉。为避免环状浮体67倾斜，绳子44最好是同样的多根，且它们的系点呈圆周均布。
图20是单浮体压差复位B型WEC，包括柱塞缸2、浮体1、导缆器11，具体为：浮体1为方截面游泳圈结构；柱塞缸2缸体在下柱塞杆3在上竖立，柱塞缸2缸体末端固定在浮体1顶面孔处，柱塞缸2的柱塞杆3顶端与一矩形钢架111的顶边中心连接，柱塞缸2及其柱塞杆3一直处于该矩形钢架111四边包围中，该矩形钢架111两竖立的边框及底边框与浮体1顶面及中心孔壁始终保持不接触，该矩形钢架111底边中心与一绳索24的顶端连接，该绳索24的另一端先后穿过所述浮体1的竖直中心孔、安装在所述浮体中心孔下方的导缆器11后，向下延伸连接控绳机构79；图20、21及其附属图集，发电机G以及除柱塞缸外的液压系统均在浮体腔内(本文所有附图中，用圆角矩形虚线框包围的内容，其应在位置用箭头标出)；
原理：首先高压蓄能器压强>>低压蓄能器压强>大气压，控绳机构79锁定时，其所连接的矩形钢架111、柱塞杆3竖直方向不动，浮体1带动柱塞缸2缸体上下运动，柱塞缸2相对柱塞杆3上下运动。当柱塞缸2向上运动时，柱塞挤出的高压液压油先后通过准出单向阀(站在柱塞缸腔立场只准出)、滤油器、高压蓄能器，推动液压马达旋转带动发电机发电，然后又进入低压蓄能器中。在浮体1随波浪下降时，低压蓄能器压强-大气压的压差将会在活塞上产生向上推力，因柱塞杆3高度不变柱塞缸2相对柱塞缸3向下运动，柱塞得以复位，液压油也会从低压蓄能器中、经准入单向阀(对柱塞缸腔来讲准入)进入柱塞缸2。如此循环。
前述中，所述柱塞缸2缸体底端也可通过凸耳/铰轴/耳环方式与所述浮体顶面孔处连接，见图21及其所附属的剖面图F-F’、E-E’、局部视图A-1、A-2，柱塞缸2缸体底端是通过凸耳114与浮体1顶面连接，所述柱塞缸2在F-F‘方向上没有约束，则所述矩形钢架111(矩形钢架上下两边为短轴64，左右两边为方钢113，短轴64穿入方钢113的孔中)的竖直边框上的，与所述无约束自由度方向F-F’垂直的两个相对侧面上增加导向滚轮组82，该导向滚轮组82的支架安装在所述浮体1顶面上，该导向滚轮组82为一对轴线平行且端面对齐相隔一定距离的同样两个圆柱形滚轮，分别紧贴(但也要有一定间隙如2mm，以允许矩形钢架稍微倾斜)在所述矩形钢架111的竖直边框相对两侧面上，将该竖直边框夹在两圆柱滚轮之间；
设计原理：可将柱塞缸2底端与浮体1的连接设计成活动的(凸耳/铰轴/耳环方式)，矩形钢架的顶边从柱塞杆3顶端的孔中穿过，且二者为间隙配合，即允许该顶边在孔中旋转。但这样会导致柱塞缸2在某个方向上是自由无约束的，矩形钢架108一旦受压，则柱塞缸2立即倾斜，所以要增加导向滚轮组82，它限制了矩形钢架111在该自由度方向上的水平摆动，使得矩形钢架111与柱塞缸2的轴截面始终重合，在矩形钢架受压时，如果绳索24/方管108顶端晃动，矩形钢架会带着柱塞缸2进行倾角的微调，从而避免产生弯矩，保护柱塞缸2。
图21中，柱塞缸2缸体底端与浮体1的连接为凸耳114方式，见局部视图A-1，一对导向滚轮82位于矩形钢架的两竖直边框113之间，分别与左右两竖直边框113的内侧面紧贴，双滚轮82的轴线水平，该对双滚轮82限制了矩形钢架111在E-E’方向上的相对于柱塞缸2缸体的摆动(尽管凸耳有一定的刚性来抵抗该方向的摆动，但因为矩形钢架拉力太大，而凸耳宽度有限抗倾覆力矩有限，所以还是最好加上EE’方向上的导向滚轮组)；而FF’方向上为两对导线滚轮82，矩形钢架的两竖直边框从这两对导线滚轮中穿过(见图21A-2)，以限制矩 形钢架沿FF’上相对于液压缸2的摆动。需要说明的是：导向滚轮组82也可以替换成一对限位挡杆，限位挡杆就是任意形状的硬质小固体，替换到滚轮82所在的位置，以起到同样的限位作用，但限位挡杆要表面光滑，以减少其与矩形钢架111的摩擦减少。
图20、21中，柱塞缸底端的进出油口所接的液压管35从所述浮体1顶盖穿入；优选的，柱塞缸2的缸体顶端缸盖与一竖直短管底端口固结且连接处密封，该竖直管套在柱塞杆上，并与柱塞杆存有间隙，泄油管115从该竖直管侧面引出，然后从所述浮体1顶盖钻入腔内，最后进入一开式油箱；柱塞缸2泄出的液压油从顶部的密封圈处渗出后，在竖直短管内蓄积，并从侧面泄油管115流走。由于柱塞缸2缸体相对于浮体1静止，所以泄油管115不会像图12中的泄油管那样上下摆动。优选的：由本波浪发电机发出的电驱动的电动补油泵从所述开式油箱中抽取液压油，注入到所述闭式液压循环系统中；进一步的，增加一单片机及附属电源电路，该单片机根据开式油箱里的液位传感器/闭式循环液压系统上的压强传感器发来的信号，对该电动补油泵进行启停控制。
见图21及其附属图集，图20中的绳索24+导缆器11替换为方管108+双导缆器11(即方案2-3)，具体为：所述矩形钢架111底边框的中点改为与一竖直的方管108连接，该方管108穿过安装在所述浮体1底部的上下两个导缆器11，该方管108底端与控绳机构79顶面固结；导缆器11的四个滚柱与方管108的四个侧面一一紧贴；
对于单浮体&压差复位A型，也可采用方管+双导缆器，比如图12(未画该方管方案)中：单杆活塞缸下方伸出的活塞杆3底端改为与一竖直的方管顶端连接，该方管穿过安装在所述浮体67底部的上下两个导缆器，该方管底端与控绳机构顶面固结；导缆器的四个滚柱与方管的四个侧面一一紧贴；
方案2-3也可应用于CN 103104408 A申请中的各种WEC，比如图1，方管+双导缆器替代其中的绳索24+导绳器11，其中的液压缸的活塞杆3底端与方管顶端连接，该方管穿过安装在浮体1底部的两个间隔一定竖向距离的导缆器，该方管底端再去连接一控绳机架13(图1中未画方案2-3，控绳装置可采用本文中的各种类型)。
原理：拿图21剖面B-B’做说明，上下导缆器11起到了限制方管108摆动引导上下运动的导轨作用，方管108传递拉力，同时将控绳机构79与WEC合为一个整体，这样控绳机构79在水中的稳定性大大提高，对只有底端开口的半封闭壳体，减少了内部所存气体的泄漏。同时由浮体到控绳机构的导线也可以从方管中穿过，从而对导线施加保护。
该电缆12为双绞线，从浮体1腔内出发，钻出浮体1，然后又从方管108顶端口处进入，从方管108底端口钻出，又进入控绳机构的半封闭壳体内，最后连接电控制动器16。为防止电缆12与方管108的顶端口摩擦，此处的电缆外套一竖直的细直管109，该细直管顶端与柱塞缸2缸体底端连接，该细直管插入方管108内,在柱塞缸2缸体与方管108距离最大的时候，细直管109应仍有一部分插在方管108内，这样电缆12就被保护起来了。电缆12的其中一段要为螺旋电缆121，以适应细直管109与控绳机构的距离的长短变化。
对于单浮体&压差复位A型或B型，优选的：可在浮体底部添加竖直管，所述导缆器安装在该竖直管内，管内的，没有其他构件占据的空间里填充泡沫材料。见图21及附属图集，一竖直管71安装在所述浮体1底部，该竖直管71轴线与所述浮体1中心通孔中心线重合，上下两导缆器11分别安装在该竖直管71内顶部和底部。目的：竖直管做成圆柱外形，易清理附着物，易喷漆，内充泡沫材料，可增强浮力，同时减少海生物可附着的空间。
另外，图21及附属图集：图中的限位块106有两处，一处是固定在矩形钢架108的两竖直边框的外侧面上，另一处是固定在柱塞缸2缸体底端。在未触发控绳装置时，控绳机构79及其所连接的方管108、矩形钢架111、柱塞杆3高度是不变的，浮体1带动柱塞缸2上下运动。当浮体1上升，柱塞缸2运动到接近做功行程终点时，浮体1顶面与矩形钢架111上的限位块106相撞，这时钢制限位块106恰好贴近行程结束传感器9(即金属接近开关)，行程结束传感器9发信号给单片机MCU，MCU则控制闭环回路的SSR固态继电器导通，此时电源的电流通过电缆12驱动控绳机构的电控制动器16，控绳机构79放绳。
在浮体1带动柱塞缸2下落，当柱塞缸2接近复位行程终点时，柱塞缸2缸体底端的限位块106与方管108顶端相撞，从而达到限位效果，避免损坏柱塞缸。
节III：另一种绳控液压缸WEC是双浮体重力复位型WEC，分为A型和B型，A型(见图18)的结构是：一空心立柱81(圆柱形)，竖直放置，顶端开口底端封闭，一环状浮体80套在立柱81上，且环状浮体80内壁与立柱81侧面存有一定间隙，环状浮体80顶面固定着竖立的П支架83/(或三腿架)，П支架83/三腿架的中心线与立柱81轴线重合，一竖立的单作用活塞缸2的活塞杆柄与П支架83(或三腿架)横梁底面中心挠性/万向连接84，单作用活塞缸2的缸体末端与立柱腔内底面可采用挠性/万向连接，也才采用锁链+垫块连接，具体为：活塞缸2的缸体末端通过锁链22(或互相勾住的两锁环)与立柱81腔内底部连接，在锁链22两侧，有两垫块89固定在立柱81腔内底部，垫块89高度略小于活塞缸体2底端与立柱81腔内底部间隙，因为锁链22可以拉但不可以压，如果其受压，则活塞缸2可能会偏向一边，而且活塞缸2还会上下移动，导致波高利用损失，而在采用了垫块89后，当活塞缸2向下压的时候，垫块89能够顶住活塞缸2缸体。同理，垫块89也可应用到本说明书中其他有挠性连接、而又存在受压工况的地方。液压系统循环路线是：开式油箱72、准入单向阀、所述单作用活塞缸的有杆腔、准出单向阀、蓄能器、液压马达，液压马达带动发电机发电；
优选的：如果立柱81直径太小浮力不足，则立柱81的底端可固结一圆柱形/椭球形的水下浮力舱52以增大浮力，二者中心线重合。优选的：立柱81，或水下浮力舱52(如果有)底端与一竖直杆/竖直管71的顶端固结，且二者中心线重合；立柱81+水下浮力舱52+竖直杆/竖直管71，是一个固结在一起的整体，为立柱总体。立柱总体的底端连接控绳装置13。
液压系统安装在立柱81内或水下浮力舱52内。如将活塞缸2倒置，液压系统则安装在环状浮体80内，见图19，由活塞缸2油口出来的液压管贴着活塞缸2缸体向上延伸到П支架83顶梁，然后向一侧延伸，然后顺着一侧的П支架腿83向下，最后钻入环状浮体80腔内。
原理：如图18，在小浪下，控绳装置79处于制动的情况下，环状浮体80的上下运动未达到上下行程终点，当波浪下落时环状浮体80会随波浪下落，但立柱总体+控绳机构79应具有足够的净浮力，以保证在这样的小幅浪高下立柱81不会随波浪下降，这样环状浮体80相对于立柱总体下落，因为活塞缸2活塞杆柄和缸体末端分别连接着П支架83和立柱81底部，所以活塞缸2被压缩，从而从开式油箱72中，经准入单向阀抽取液压油。波浪上升时，环状浮体80通过П支架83、活塞缸2对立柱总体施加一向上的拉力，因控绳装置79锁定了控绳机架13与重力锚17间的绳索长度，立柱81不能向上运动，所以环状浮体80相对立柱总体上升，此时活塞缸2受拉从而挤出高压液压油，该高压液压油先后经过准出单向阀、蓄能器稳压后驱动液压马达旋转，流到开式油箱72。液压马达带动发电机发电。
但如果波幅超出上述工况，其控绳装置会做出反应。比如波浪上升环状浮体80已上升到 达行程极限，控绳装置会释放绳索(关于控绳装置后文有解)，此时立柱81上浮(按照设计立柱总体+控绳机构所受净浮力要大于由控绳机构的收绳构件对其所产生的向下拉力)，因环状浮体80跟随波面缓慢上升，而立柱总体由水下快速上浮，所以环状浮体80就相对立柱总体作向下运动，于是活塞缸2受到压缩复位，然后控绳装置再锁定绳索。而波浪下落时，首先环状浮体80落到工作行程最低点，活塞缸2得以压缩复位。然后如果水面继续下降，则环状浮体80+立柱总体+控绳机构79的整体所受的净浮力将更小，小到无法保持足够的浮力而不得不随波浪下落，这时整个WEC将不得不下落，此时控绳装置在收绳构件作用下收绳。
因为是靠环状浮体80的重力来驱动活塞缸2的活塞复位，所以叫双浮体重力复位型WEC，本双浮体机构(不包括液压系统)与OPT公司的PowerBuoy几乎一样。另外图10、11、14D也是这样的结构。
优选的：为减少摩擦，可在环状浮体80内环壁上安装上下两层导向滚轮82(图18)，每层的导向滚轮82都是呈3个以上均布，这样当环状浮体80上下运动时，导向滚轮82可在立柱81上下滚动，以降低摩擦阻力。另外也可以采用导轨方式，见图19，竖直的两导轨86的上下两端通过钢架88与立柱81固结，该两根导轨分别穿过环状浮体80上的两个竖直孔，导轨86表面及环状浮体80的竖直孔内壁上涂覆低摩擦系数材料例如聚四氟乙烯。
另外环状浮体80的上下运动应该有限位机构，当然活塞缸本身也可有限位能力，在环状浮体80上升/下降到一定程度活塞会撞击缸体，但这对活塞缸是不好的，所以应专门设置限位块(见图11中，安装在立柱81上的限位块106)，对于图18来说，水下浮力舱52顶部或П支架83可以作为行程下限限位块，而环状浮体80的行程上限限位可以是在立柱81顶端加凸缘102。而对于图19，导轨86的上下两个钢臂88可作为环状浮体80的上下限位块。
第二种双浮体重力复位B型WEC，以图19做说明，与A型的结构大部分一样，所不同的是：立柱总体+控绳机构79的整体可以不必保持足够净浮力，甚至比重大于水，但增加了滑轮重块机构。具体为：滑轮56的滑轮架与环状浮体80底面连接，一根绳子76一端连接一重块51，另一端向上延伸，绕过所述滑轮56后又向下延伸，最后系在立柱81总体上(图中只画了单侧滑轮56+绳子76，实际应为2组滑轮+绳子，且关于立柱轴线对称)。控绳装置79顶端与立柱总体的底端连接。
原理：如图19，小浪下控绳装置79处于制动状态，立柱总体与重力锚17间的绳索长度固定，环状浮体80的上下运动没有到达上下运动行程的终点。此时，重块51的湿重(重力减去在水中所受的浮力)对绳子76施加向下拉力，该拉力沿着绳子76，经过定滑轮56后改为向上拉立柱81。只要重块51的湿重足够大，就可以保证：绳子76对立柱总体提供足够的向上拉力使得立柱总体+控绳装置79不下沉，即使立柱总体+控绳装置79比重大于水。这样立柱总体既不能向上(控绳装置锁定了绳索长度，不能拉长)，又不能下沉，所以立柱总体就成为一个稳定的相对运动参考点。环状浮体80随浪起伏，其相对于立柱81上下运动，通过П支架83带动活塞缸2拉伸或缩回，活塞缸2活塞杆被拉伸时，活塞缸2输出高压液压油，经过蓄能器稳压，驱动液压马达旋转，带动发电机发电。活塞缸2活塞杆被压回时，活塞缸2有杆腔压强降低，在大气压作用下液压油从开式油箱经过准入单向阀进入活塞缸2有杆腔。
再来说一下大浪情况下的环状浮体80超出工作行程的情况。当波面上升，环状浮体80到达行程最高点，此时控绳装置启动，释放绳索(关于控绳装置，请看后文分解)，立柱总体得以释放，此时立柱总体上升(因为按照设计，重块51的湿重拉力对立柱总体产生的向上拉 力，要大于控绳装置的收绳构件18对立柱总体产生的向下拉力)，因为环状浮体80跟随波面缓慢上浮，而立柱总体由水下快速上浮，所以环状浮体80相对于立柱总体作向下运动，所以活塞缸2得以被压缩复位。过了一会，控绳装置再次进入制动状态。
而当大浪的波面下落时，先是环状浮体80下落到行程最低点，活塞缸2复位行程结束，如果水面继续下降，由于限位的作用，环状浮体80不能相对于立柱总体继续下降，做力学分析时，环状浮体80+立柱总体+控绳机构机架+重块51可以简化为一个对象，水面下降，则该对象所受浮力下降，将不得不下落，此时控绳装置在收绳构件作用下收绳。
优选的：见图19，所述重块51为环状，套在竖直杆53上，且重块51的环内侧与竖直杆53侧面保持间隙，重块51两侧各系一根绳子76(图中只画了一套)，该两根绳子76的另一端向上延伸，然后分别绕其上方的一滑轮56后向下延伸，最后连接在立柱81下方的竖直杆53上，所述两个滑轮56的滑轮架与所述环状浮体80底面的连接，两连接点关于立柱81轴线对称；进一步优选的：重块51环内安装上下两层导向滚轮组82，每层3个以上导向滚轮均布，设计目的是：让重块51以竖直杆53作为导轨，避免重块51无约束的乱摆。
节IV：对于上述双浮体重力复位型WEC、单浮体压差复位型WEC，优选的：还包括拉簧振子机构，目的是让弹簧振子机构会与某种波况发生共振，从而使得浮体1向下落得更深，向上升的更高。具体为：
对于双浮体重力复位B型WEC，所述重块与所述绳子间插入拉簧，即重块与拉簧一端连接，拉簧另一端与绳子的一端连接。对于双浮体&重力复位A型WEC，见图10，其结构是：一拉簧33的一端与一重块51连接，该拉簧33另一端连接一绳子76，该绳子76另一端向上延伸绕过一滑轮56后再向下延伸，最后系到所述立柱81上，所述滑轮56的滑轮架与所述环状浮体80底面连接；。
对于单浮体压差复位A型WEC，见图9左侧，结构为：一绳子76一端系在控绳装置的机架13上，该绳子76另一端向上延伸绕过一滑轮56后再向下延伸后系在拉簧33一端，拉簧33另一端与一重块51连接，所述滑轮56的滑轮架与浮体1底面连接；
对于图12中的单浮体压差复位A型WEC，浮体底部中心固结一个竖直管71，重块51做成环状套在竖直管71上；所述重块51的环内壁上安装上下两层导向滚轮82，每层的导向滚轮3个以上均布。重块51以竖立管71作为导轨上下运动。因浮体与控绳机构是靠绳索24连接，设备舱74带着竖直管71可能做各种倾斜运动，为避免擦到绳子76，增加以下设计：滑轮56安装在竖直管71上部的孔处，且所述孔所位于的竖直管轴截面与所述滑轮56轴线垂直，所述滑轮56一半露在竖直管外，一半在竖直管内，拉簧33一端连接重块51，另一端连接绳子76，绳子76另一端向上绕过孔处滑轮56后，进入竖直管71内又向下延伸，通过竖直管71底端的各自的导缆器11(本文中所有的导缆器11/双滚轮导缆器20都是不可多绳共用)后，再向下延伸最后连接控绳机构的机架13。
另外重块51也可采用别的约束机构，见图9，左侧重块51左右两侧各安装上下两个滑环77，每侧的滑环77中各穿过一根绳子76，每根绳子76的一端连接控绳机构机架13，另一端向上延伸，绕过各自的滑轮56后，再向下延伸连接到同一拉簧33的一端，该拉簧33另一端连接重块51。两滑轮56的滑轮架与浮体底面连接。重块51是通过两根拉紧的绳子76来阻止重块51乱摆和旋转。再看右侧重块51，重块51安装在滑轨86上，滑轨86的底端与控绳机构挠性/万向连接84，滑轨86的顶端与绳子76的一端连接，绳子76的另一端向上 绕过滑轮56后再向下延伸，连接一拉簧33的一端，拉簧33的另一端连接重块51。滑轮56的滑轮架与浮体1底面挠性/万向连接84。滑轨86是作为引导重块51运动的约束机构。当然图9的两种约束机构也可应用于单浮体压差复位B型、双浮体重力复位型WEC。
对于单浮体压差复位B型WEC，见图21B剖面图E-E’，结构为：一绳子76一端系在控绳装置的机架79上，该绳子76另一端向上延伸绕过一滑轮56后再向下延伸后系在拉簧33一端，拉簧33另一端与一重块51连接，所述滑轮56的滑轮架与浮体1底面连接。优选的：所述重块51为环状，套在浮体1中心孔处底部固结的一竖直管71上，且重块51的内环壁与所述竖直管71存在一定间隙；
对于以上应用于单浮体压差A、B型以及双浮体重力复位A、B型的弹簧振子系统，如果作为弹簧振子的重块沿竖直管上下运动，则进一步优选的：所述重块51的内环壁上安装上下两层导向滚轮82，每层导向滚轮82为3个以上且均布，以减少运动阻力。
节V：以上主要讲了绳控液压缸的WEC部分，下面讲控绳装置，包括控绳电气模块和执行机构，控绳电气模块是控制部分，而执行机构也叫控绳机构，是控绳装置的机械部分，包括直线旋转运动转换及附属机构、电控制动器，本节的控绳机构的机架，都是与其上方的WEC连接，这是与CN 103104408 A不同的地方。所述直线旋转运动转换机构的旋转构件的主轴通过轴承&座安装在所述机架上；直线旋转运动转换及附属机构有3种分别为；
第一种，滚链轮+滚链型，见图9、10，控绳机构结构为：控绳机构机架13底端与一竖直的直筒63顶端固结，一配重18在直筒63内并与直筒63内壁有间隙，一滚子链93一端连接作为收绳构件的配重18，另一端向上绕过滚链轮92后向下进入直筒63继续延伸，连接一绳索24的一端，该绳索24的另一端穿过所述配重18上的竖直贯穿孔后继续向下延伸，然后向下穿过安装在直筒63底端入口处的导缆器11后，继续向下系在重力锚17上；
第二种，环链轮+环链，或摩擦轮+绳索型：见图1，一锁链22一端连接绳控液压缸波浪发电机的重力锚17(图中锁链22是通过Г形导向杆连接重力锚)，另一端向上穿过安装在控绳机构的机架13底端的导缆器11后，绕过环链轮29后，再向下穿过安装在控绳机构机架底端的另一个导缆器11后，继续向下延伸，最后连接一配重18；
所述环链轮+锁链也可以替换为摩擦轮+绳索，见图6，一绳索24一端连接绳控液压缸波浪发电系统的重力锚17，另一端向上穿过安装在控绳机构机架13底端的导缆器11后，再绕过摩擦轮48(本图是多个摩擦轮，姑且先视为一个摩擦轮)后，再向下穿过安装在控绳机构机架13底端的另一个导缆器11后，继续向下延伸，最后连接一配重18；
第三种：主副卷筒型，见图2，具体为：主卷筒23与副卷筒37通过主轴41轴连(或通过齿轮/链式传动机构联动)，主绳缆21的一端固定并缠绕在主卷筒23上，该主绳缆21的另一端向下穿过一安装在控绳机构机架13底端的导缆器11后继续向下延伸，最后连接到绳控液压缸波浪发电机的重力锚17上，副绳缆43的一端固定并缠绕在副卷筒37上，该副绳缆43的另一端穿过安装在控绳机构13机架底端的另一个导缆器11后连接一配重18，主绳缆21与副绳缆43的拉力在主轴41上产生的扭矩方向相反；配重18也可替换为拉簧(见图11，拉簧33的另一端固定在机架13上，此时可省掉副绳缆所穿过的导缆器)；
在上述各图中，三种直线旋转运动转换机构的旋转构件(滚链轮/摩擦轮/环链轮/主卷筒)通过主轴41与电控制动器16的转子轴连或通过传动机构(见图2)与电控制动器16的转子联动，电控制动器16的定子固定在机架13上。所述直线旋转转换机构的旋转构件与绳控液 压缸波浪发电机的重力锚17之间的绳索24/环链22/主绳缆21，定义为采能索，它就是前面提到的“与机架之间相对运动可控的细长构件”；而直线旋转转换机构旋转构件与配重18之间的绳索24/环链22/副绳缆43，定义为复位索；
原理：控绳电气模块对执行机构的电控制动器16进行通电/断电，从而使其处于制动/松开状态。当处于制动状态时，电控制动器16的转子被锁定无法转动，与其轴连或联动的直线旋转转换机构的旋转构件也无法转动，所以采能索30就无法相对机架13被拉出或收进而改变长度，控绳机构机架13与重力锚17之间的采能索长度就固定下来，控绳机构机架13的高度就稳定下来，WEC的海面浮体可以以机架13作为相对运动参考点，来采集转换波浪能。
当电控制动器16处于松开状态时，其转子可以旋转，与其轴连或联动的直线旋转运动转换机构的旋转构件也可以旋转，此时采能索可以相对机架13收进或放出，收绳构件(配重18/拉簧33)的拉力经复位索在主轴41上产生的力矩与采能索拉力产生的力矩相反，二者好比拔河，那边强就向那边转。当WEC的浮体带着控绳机构机架一起上升时，采能索拉力占上风，这样采能索被拉长而复位索变短，此时如果控绳电气模块锁定电控制动器16，则控绳机构机架13与重力锚17之间的高度比之前的高，这样控绳机构机架这个参考点就到达了一个新的高度；而当WEC的浮体带着控绳机构机架下落时，控绳机构机架13与重力锚17之间距离缩短，采能索拉力消失，此时在收绳构件的作用力下直线旋转转换机构的旋转构件随之转动，从而收紧采能索，如果此时控绳电气模块锁定电控制动器16的话，则控绳机构机架13与重力锚17之间的距离固定下来并比之前缩短。以上就是控绳机构的工作原理。
节VI：对于采用环链轮+环链型、摩擦轮+绳索型、以及采用配重作为收绳构件的主副卷筒型控绳机构，优选的，增加防止采能索与复位索互相缠绕的防缠机构，主要有：
第一种，单悬链侧拉式，见图6，一根悬锚链22一端系在所述配重18上，另一端向下向一侧延伸，最后连接到一抓地锚46上，该悬链也可替换为一段绳子，绳子中间系重块；
第二种，锚链滑轮侧拉式，见图13，WEC的浮体D的下方：一根绳子76一端连接配重18，另一端斜向下延伸一段距离后又绕一滑轮56后向下延伸，最后连接一重块51；所述滑轮56的滑轮架与用于锚定本WEC浮体(也可是其他浮标)的系泊系统的其中一根锚链58的中段某处挠性/万向连接；也可省掉所述配重18，这样复位索50直接和绳子76一端连接，让重块51作为收绳用的配重；
第三种，旁标滑轮侧拉式：旁标，即WEC浮体附近的浮标。见图14，在绳控波浪发电机浮体B周围一定距离处增加一浮标C(浮标C属于吊锚阵列，也可以选浮体B周围其他浮标作为旁标)，所述浮体B及浮标C被系泊在某处，一根绳子76一端系在所述配重18上，另一端延伸到浮标C下方，绕过一滑轮56后向下延伸，最后连接一重块51，所述滑轮56的滑轮架通过第二绳索49连接浮标C底面；也可以省掉上述配重18，而让复位索50直接和所述绳子76连接，让重块51作为收绳用的配重；
第四种，潜标滑轮侧拉式：一根绳子一端连接所述配重，另一端向下向一侧延伸，然后绕一滑轮后向上延伸，最后连接一水下浮子，所述滑轮滑轮架通过第二绳子连接另一锚基；或者省掉所述配重，即从浮体下来的复位索直接与一根绳子一端连接，该绳子另一端向下向一侧延伸，然后绕一滑轮后，最后连接一水下浮子，滑轮滑轮架通过第二绳子连接另一锚基；
以上四种采用重块51/水下浮子对配重18提供侧拉力的防双绳缠绕机构，其机理是：重块51/悬链22的湿重重力在绳子76上产生拉力，该拉力对配重18在水平方向上有一个分力， 该分力使得配重18向该侧始终偏离，从而使得复位索与采能索叉分开，避免互相缠绕。
优选的：对于以上四种，侧拉配重18的绳子76(或悬链22)，可不直接连接到配重18而是通过硬直杆61连接配重18，见图14，即绳子76与硬直杆61一端连接，硬直杆61另一端与配重18挠性/万向连接84；这样做的好处是：配重18即使偶尔摇摆到了采能索30的左侧，只要硬直杆61的右端还在采能索30的右侧，那么配重18依然不能围绕采能索30旋转，因为硬直杆61是不能弯折的。硬直杆61的加入使得防缠能力进一步提高，挠性万向连接84使得硬直杆61可以跟随绳子76改变角度，以免在配重18上产生弯矩。
第五种，单采能索双复位索式，见图4：所述直线旋转转换机构为主副卷筒型，包括一个主卷筒23，两个共轴的且一样的副卷筒37，主绳缆21从配重18上的竖直通孔中穿过，且所述贯穿孔经过配重的几何中心和质心；配重为圆柱形或立方形或其他左右对称固体，两根副绳缆要分别系在配重18的左右两侧；
原理：因为竖直孔穿过配重18的几何中心，所以海流的冲击力不会产生转矩，同样因为竖直孔穿过配重18的质心，主绳缆21晃动时配重的惯性力也不会产生转矩，万一配重18发生转动，那么两根副绳缆43将会互相缠绕，但在配重18的重力向下作用下会自行解开。优选的：贯穿孔的上下两个入口处安装导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳20，主绳缆从导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳20中穿过；以减少摩擦。
第六种，多绳导向式：见图2，控绳机构有两套相同的共轴的间隔一定轴向距离的主卷筒23(或环链轮/摩擦轮)及所配套的采能索21，两根采能索21在穿过安装在机架13底端的各自对应的导缆器11/双滚轮导缆器后，继续向下延伸，分别从配重18上相隔一定距离的两个竖直孔中穿过，最后连接到重力锚17上；原理：利用两被拉紧的采能索21作为轨道，引导配重18上下运动。当配重18自转时两采能索21对配重18施加一反向力矩阻止配重18旋转。
优选的：配重18上的竖直孔的上下出入口处安装有引导绳索进出的双滚轮导缆钳20(或导缆器)，以减少绳索摩擦；但图2这种设计可能会导致两根采能索21的拉力不均，因控绳机构机架13在水中摇摆倾斜。为解决这个问题，优选的：引入拉力均配机构，有3种设计：
设计1：采用滑轮方式，见图2B，即：由控绳机构向下延伸的原本要连接重力锚17的两根采能索21，改为在靠近重力锚17上方处合为一股并绕过一滑轮56，该滑轮56的滑轮架再通过一根绳子连接重力锚17，滑轮56使得两根采能索21拉力始终一样；
设计2：见图7，所述两根采能索30先不连接所述重力锚17，改为先分别连接一硬直杆61的两端，该硬直杆61再通过V形绳索55连接重力锚17，即：V形绳索55的两个顶端分别与硬直杆61的两端连接，V形绳索55的底端与重力锚17挠性/万向连接84；此种设计还需要控绳机构与WEC连接采用U形环/单绳/V形绳索方式(见后)，才能实现拉力均配。
设计3：图2A，所述两采能索21直接与重力锚连接17，所述WEC与控绳机构的连接采用U形环14方式，控绳机构机架13的前侧固结一短轴64的一端，后侧也固结另一短轴的一端，两个短轴同轴线，所述两个短轴分别插入一U形环14的两个孔中，U形环14的中段外侧与所述WEC连接；所述短轴轴线与两根采能索21所穿过的两导缆器11的位置连线垂直，且与该连线中点重合；力学分析可知，力作用点始终在两采能索中心线上，两采能索拉力相等。
对于设计2，WEC与控绳机构机架的连接可采用U形环/单绳/V形绳索连接方式；U形环连接即设计3的连接方式，单绳连接(图2)即：一根锁链22一端连接所述WEC，另一端连接到控绳机构机架13顶端上的系点，且该系点要在两根采能索的中心线FF’(两根被拉直 的采能索21确定了一个平面，在这平面内有一根直线位于二者之间与二者平行且距离相等，这个就是中心线FF’)与控绳机构机架顶端的交点上；V形绳索连接方式，即图7：控绳机构机架13上方的V形绳索55所在平面要先与两被拉直的采能索30平行，然后将V形绳索55的底端放到所述中心线FF’的延长线上，然后V形绳索的两顶端连接到控绳机构机架13顶端；力学分析可知，采用本段方案，力作用点始终在FF’上，两采能索拉力相等。
对于控绳机构与WEC、重力锚的连接均采用V形绳索的方案，V形绳索55所在平面与两平行采能索所在平面，可呈任何角度，而图7为重合关系，图中的直线旋转运动转换机构是摩擦轮48与采能索30，有可能出现两根采能索30拉出长度不等的情况，此时分析可知，拉出长度较长的那根采能索30受力较小，拉出较短的采能索受力较大，从而使得拉出较短的出现更多滑动摩擦，从而赶上拉出较长的，使得它们长度一致，也就是说此方案具备了自动调节两采能索长度的功能。
第七种,双悬链挡杆式，见图5：复位索50所连接的配重18的两侧各系一根锚链22，两根锚链向两侧向下叉分开，每根锚链22的另一端分别连接一重力锚17/抓地锚46；(锚链22也可替换为锚缆，但应在锚缆中间系重块)；也可省掉配重18，这样复位索50与两根锚链22(或锚缆)直接连接组成倒Y字结构；
原理：本方案是利用被悬吊的锚链22与采能索30之间的碰撞来阻止配重18围绕采能索30旋转，从而防止采能索与复位索互相缠绕，显然无论配重18怎么运动，采能索30一直在两根锚链22组成的连线的一侧，但为防止采能索30被磨损，采能索30下半段可以换成硬直杆61，硬直杆61底端与重力锚17挠性/万向连接84，以让硬直杆61能自由倾斜。
第八种，直筒导向式(无图)：控绳机构的机架为一个只有在底面有开口的半封闭壳体，壳体底面连接一竖直滑筒，竖直滑筒顶端口与控绳机构的壳体腔内相通，配重与滑筒内壁保持间隙，配重上方的复位索所穿过的导缆器省掉，而采能索穿过的导缆器改为安装在滑筒底部外侧；很显然，滑筒将复位索+配重限制在其内，避免了复位索与采能索的互相缠绕，同时把采能索所穿过的导缆器安装在滑筒底端外侧，也避免了采能索与滑筒的摩擦缠绕。
第九种，穿吊锚式，见图14：浮体D下面的吊锚即重力锚17，被两根绳缆57悬吊在水中；复位索50从所述重力锚17上的竖直贯穿孔中穿过后，继续向下延伸连接配重18；同样WEC浮体B下方的复位索50也可以采用类似防缠机构，但要求滑轮56的滑轮架要与重力锚17固结，另外要把控绳机构机架13约束住不让其自转，可采用的手段是WEC与控绳机构机架固结或两侧各用一条绳子连接WEC浮体与控绳机构机架，阻止其相对转动，而WEC浮体也需要约束自转，图中WEC浮体是被两侧的第三绳子44拉着，无法自转。
原理：因为吊锚17的两侧缆绳57会在重力锚自转时产生一个复位力矩来抑制它自转，
所以重力锚17是不自转的，这样对于复位索50来说，其上端被控绳机构机架底部的导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳约束，而下端又被重力锚的竖直贯穿孔约束，是不能绕着采能索30缠绕的。优选的是，贯穿孔的上下两个入口处安装导缆器11/双滚轮导缆钳，复位索50从导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳中穿过；这样可以减少复位索50所受的摩擦。
第十种，Г形导向杆式：见图1，所述采能索(锁链22)下半段用Г形导向杆19代替，即采能索先连接到Г形导向杆19的直角拐点，Г形导向杆19的长杆部分底端通过互相勾住的一对锁环84连接重力锚17，所述复位索(控绳机架13与配重18间的锁链22)从安装在Г形导向杆的短杆外端的导缆器11/双滚轮导缆钳中穿过，配重18上设有竖直通孔，Г形导 向杆的长杆部分从安装在所述竖直通孔的上下出入口处的导缆器11中穿过；Г形导向杆19的长杆部分为矩形截面，长杆部分四个侧面分别与配重18上的导缆器11的四滚轮一一紧贴；
原理：Г形导向杆19的长杆部分，充当了配重18的上下运动的导轨，配重18上的导缆器11相当于导向的滚轮，这样配重18就不会相对于Г形导向杆19旋转。因为Г形导向杆19与重力锚17之间的连接是一对锁环(一个与Г形导向杆底端固结，另一个与重力锚固结)，Г形导向杆不能做大角度旋转，因此只要控绳机构机架13被限制住旋转角度(可采用的限制自转方法见第九种防缠机构)，则Г形导向杆上方的采能索与复位索就不会互相缠绕。
本节的防缠机构也可应用于海上其他相近绳索间防缠场合，如US20130200626中的Fig6、Fig7、2C，CN101344063A的图1中的牵引绳3，申请号201610523880X中的采能索与复位索。
节VII：对于摩擦轮+绳索作为直线旋转运动转换机构的的控绳机构，所述摩擦轮可以为两个以上，以组成摩擦轮组，见图7，本图是从前视角画摩擦轮组的(图6是轴线视角，但摩擦轮单元为5个)，且采能索30为两根，与某根采能索30摩擦配合的摩擦轮为2个。摩擦轮48与齿轮47轴连，摩擦轮48、齿轮47、轴41及其轴承&座54构成一个摩擦轮齿轮单元，轴41通过轴承&座54安装在控绳装置的机架13上，两个同样的摩擦轮齿轮单元轴线平行、同向、端面对齐且依次紧挨的安装在机架13上，两个摩擦轮齿轮单元的齿轮47啮合，但每个摩擦轮48外缘直径要小于齿轮47分度圆直径，这样摩擦轮48之间不接触；摩擦轮组的其中一个单元的齿轮47与(图中是通过超越离合器15)电控制动器16的转子轴连，绳索(即采能索30)依次蜿蜒绕过每个摩擦轮齿轮单元的摩擦轮48；另外，所述两摩擦轮齿轮单元的齿轮直径也可不同，两摩擦轮直径大小也可不同，但每个摩擦轮齿轮单元的摩擦轮直径÷齿轮分度圆直径的比值是相同的，如图6中，AB摩擦轮齿轮单元的齿轮直径不同，AB摩擦轮直径也不同，但齿轮A直径÷摩擦轮A直径＝齿轮B直径÷摩擦轮B直径。优选的：多个(如5个)摩擦齿轮单元均按照上述平行、同向、且端面对齐规则安装，且摩擦齿轮单元的齿轮采用串序啮合(类同列车车厢的连接)，即A-B-C-D-E，一根绳索24依该啮合次序蜿蜒绕过每个摩擦齿轮单元的摩擦轮，整个摩擦轮组仍只有一个摩擦齿轮单元的轴41与电控制动器的转子轴连。原理：当电控制动器16处于制动状态时，与其轴连的主轴41不能旋转，该轴41上的齿轮47也不能旋转，而与该齿轮47啮合的或间接啮合的齿轮47都不能旋转，所以所有摩擦轮都不能旋转，此时当对绳索24施加拉力时，整列的每一个摩擦轮48都会对绳索24产生摩擦力，从而可以让这根绳索产生更大的摩擦力，与绳索在一个柱子上绕多圈效果一样，在配重18一侧，只需要很小的力就可以抵抗重力锚17一侧很大的力。当电控制动器16处于松开状态时，与其轴连的主轴41可以旋转，同样所有齿轮47、摩擦轮48都可以旋转，绳索24就可以带动整列摩擦轮48运动了。因为绳索24所缠绕的各个摩擦轮必然线速度相等，而各个齿轮又都是互相啮合的，所以所有齿轮的线速度也相等，当齿轮直径不相等时，只要每个摩擦轮单元的齿轮直径÷摩擦轮直径的比值都一样，依然可以同时做到所有齿轮的线速度相等、所有摩擦轮的线速度相等。
优选的：与电控制动器16轴连的是从复位索30一侧数，第一个摩擦轮齿轮单元。优点：在电控制动器16锁定时，WEC浮体随浪起伏，采能索30要承受时大时小的拉力脉冲，每一次浮体上升做功时，采能索30拉力增大，伸长一些(尽管绳索24可采用UHMWPE，但仍有微小伸长)，而在每一次浮体下落时采能索30受力很小，所以又回缩一些。所有齿轮间的啮合传动都有游隙，即：一齿轮固定住，其相邻齿轮仍可有微小的自由转动。在采能索30第 一次拉力高峰时，摩擦力会将所有摩擦轮转到一个角度，在该角度所有摩擦轮对绳索24产生摩擦阻力(摩擦力大小不一，ABCDE依次变小)，而在采能索30拉力减小时采能索回缩，因为游隙，采能索通过摩擦带动各摩擦轮(除了E，因为E的轴与电控制动器16轴连，电控制动器16处于制动状态)反转一定角度(每个反转角度不同，ABCD依次变小，因为前者可在后者的反转角度上再叠加一个游隙角度)，此过程中摩擦轮48与绳索24之间保持静摩擦，而当绳索24再次受拉时，ABCD摩擦轮48又跟随绳索24转到上次拉力高峰时的角度，摩擦轮48与绳索24依然为静摩擦，这就避免了绳索在摩擦轮上的滑动摩擦，保护绳索24免受磨损。
摩擦轮组48+绳索24+电控制动器16这样的组合，也可应用于其他需控制的放绳收绳场合，其中，电控制动器16也可以替换成手动的。而为了防止绳索倾斜导致脱离摩擦轮，优选的，可以在绳索24进出摩擦轮组处的机架上安装导缆器11。需要说明的是，图6中是配重18的重力作为收绳的拉力，也可以采用别的方式来产生收绳拉力，比如人手、拉簧等。
图13、14中的卷扬机107的作用是可以控制的放绳、收绳，因此可以用图6中的“摩擦轮组+绳索24+电控制动器16+机架13+导缆器11+配重18”机构替换掉卷扬机107。
节VIII：对利用水面浮体与水下重力锚之间相对运动做功的波浪发电机(不限于本文提到的波浪发电机)，其重力锚可采用吊锚方案，见图13、14，有以下几种方案：
1)直连吊锚：见图13浮体D、图14浮体D，其两侧各系泊一个浮标C、E，每个浮标各系一根缆绳57，这两根缆绳57的另一端连接到该WEC的重力锚17上；
2)滑轮吊锚：见图13中的浮体B、F和图14中的浮体B，浮体两侧各系泊一个浮标59，一根缆绳57的两端分别系在这两个浮标59上，这根缆绳57的中部绕过一个靠近重力锚17的滑轮56，滑轮56的滑轮架底端与WEC的重力锚17顶面连接，从上方下来的本来要连接重力锚17的采能索30，改为连接到所述滑轮架56顶端；
3)双索道吊锚：见图17，重力锚17是平放立方体，重力锚17顶面四顶点分别安装一滑轮56，这样重力锚顶面的两对边各有两滑轮56，每个对边的滑轮56(两个)各在一根索道44上滚动，两根索道44在重力锚17左侧合为一股，并绕一滑轮56，该滑轮56的滑轮架与左侧用于悬吊重力锚的缆绳57连接，同样右侧也是这样，左右对称。两侧滑轮56将浮标对缆绳57上的拉力均分到两索道44上，两索道44对其所穿过的、安装在重力锚两边的滑轮56提供向上拉力，从而将重力锚17悬吊在水中。
4)侧绕吊锚：见图23，重力锚17为平放的立方体，重力锚17前后两侧面上部各安装一导缆器11，在重力锚17的右侧两竖直棱边上安装两导向滑轮56，缆绳57依次穿过后导缆器11、绕过右后棱边的导向滑轮56、右前棱边的导向滑轮56、穿过前导缆器11，两导缆器11及两导向滑轮56与重力锚17顶面距离相等。悬吊缆绳57相当于从重力锚一侧绕过，力作用点是在两侧的导缆器上。很显然，借助于导缆器、导向滑轮，重力锚17可以沿缆绳57滑动。
5)担架吊锚：见图26，两根硬直杆平行61、端面对齐的分别穿过重力锚17两个相隔一定距离的贯穿横向通孔，两根硬直杆61的左端与一钢架88固结，两根硬直杆的右端与另一钢架88固结，两侧的悬吊缆绳57分别通过V形绳索55与两侧钢架88连接，即V形绳索55的两个顶点连接钢架88两端，V形绳索56的底端连接悬吊缆绳57。两侧的悬吊缆绳对两根硬直杆提供了向上的拉力，硬直杆则给与重力锚向上的托举力，类似担架。而重力锚可以以硬直杆1做导轨左右滑动。
上面3)、4)、5)三种吊锚方案，重力锚两侧的悬吊缆绳57的另一端分别连接水面上的相隔一定距离系泊的两浮标，而WEC浮体则系泊在两浮标中间，这与1)、2)吊锚方案是一样的。对于上述五种吊锚方案，重力锚的湿重要大于WEC做功时向上的拉力，而两浮标的最大可提供浮力要大于重力锚湿重，最好还要有足够的冗余储备浮力。
原理：见图14，重力锚17被两侧浮标59悬吊在水中，其上下运动取决于两侧浮标59的运动，两侧浮标59相距浮体1往往十米以上，受波浪力情况与浮体1不一样，所以重力锚17与浮体1的运动是完全不同，而波浪发电机可以利用浮体1与重力锚17的相对运动来发电。当采能索30的拉力很小、甚至为0时，重力锚17的湿重几乎都由浮标59承担，而在采能索30的拉力很大时，重力锚17的部分湿重由浮体1承担，缆绳57拉力变小。所以浮标59应做成扁平状，这样绳缆57的拉力变化引起的浮标59吃水深度变化小，从而可以减少重力锚17的上下运动幅度，减少波高利用损失。我们都知道，如果重力锚17固定在海底，海流会引起浮体1偏离重力锚17正上方太远，而导致浮体1的采能索30倾斜太大，从而影响利用波浪来发电，而吊锚方案解决了这个问题。对于直连吊锚方式，如果浮体1沿纵向(浮标、浮体队列)方向移动，因重力锚17与两侧缆绳57是直接连接所以无法纵移。而当浮体1作横向运动时，浮体1通过采能索30给与下面的重力锚17以横向的水平分力，这个分力使得重力锚可随浮体1做横向移动(因为重力锚17两侧的缆绳57对在横向上是没有约束的)，随着缆绳57的横移，重力锚17两侧缆绳57的合力就会出现一个逐渐增大的复位水平力，最后浮体1所能给与的重力锚17的水平分力与重力锚17两侧缆绳57对重力锚17的水平分力抵消，重力锚17不再跟随浮体1继续横移，所以重力锚17对浮体1的横向跟随是有一定的极限范围的。
对于上述2)3)4)5)吊锚方案，在浮体1纵向移动时，浮体1通过采能索30斜向上拉重力锚17，会产生一个水平分力，因为有滑轮56/导缆器11/硬直杆51，重力锚17可以沿缆绳57纵移，从而使得重力锚17可一直在浮体1下方(当然也有一定倾斜，但斜度不大)，使吊锚具备了横纵两方向上的跟随浮体能力。但纵移也是有范围的，在重力锚17向某侧纵移时，重力锚17两侧缆绳57的拉力的合力产生一个不断增大的使得重力锚回到缆绳中央的复位水平分力，到最后重力锚17的移动跟不上浮体1了，采能索30出现大角度倾斜。
优选的：以上各种吊锚方案，所述浮体1与所述浮标59间用绳子44连接(如图13)。这样互为一个整体互相牵扯，当浮体1移动时会被两侧浮标59拉扯，从而避免浮体偏离太大。从而避免浮体1下方的重力锚横纵跟随的运动到达极限。见图14，浮标A为轴线水平的水滴流线型(类似潜艇)，以减少海水水平冲击力，在所述浮标的尖尾部安装尾翼121以使得浮标A借助海流自动调整方向，在所述浮标A底部安装旋转吊环/8字旋转环120，旋转吊环/8字旋转环120底端作为与其他绳子44、缆绳57、系泊链/缆的连接点。
优选的：见图13、14，多个波浪发电机的浮体排成一列，每个浮体之间以及队列首尾均放置一个浮标59，首尾浮标59各系一根锚链58，该锚链58的另一端向队列外侧延伸最后连接到一锚46上，进一步优选的：浮体1与浮标59之间用绳子连接，。所有的浮标59、浮体1都被串联起来成为一个整体，易于锚定和管理。优选的：在连接浮体与浮标的绳子中间系上重块51，以提供缓冲，重块51也可以替换为拉簧33，以防止浮体与浮标在海上工作时突然拉直产生巨大冲击力。另外见图14右，当浮体D与浮标E靠近的时候，重块51处的系点下沉，在这根绳子44的靠近浮标E处，最容易与水下的其他绳缆57发生接触，所以在靠近浮 标E处的这根绳子44上系一浮子60，以托起此处的绳子44。另外浮体B、D是通过V形绳索与所述绳子44连接，即所述绳子44与V形绳索的底端连接，该V形绳索的两个顶端分别与浮体B、D顶端底端连接，V形连接可以增强浮体B的抗倾斜能力。
如图13，优选的：队列中的波浪发电机浮体1、浮标59，也可向垂直队列的方向(横向)上引出锚链58，以增强抗横向海流冲击能力。优选的：见图15俯视图，三列同样的上述的波浪发电机+浮标队，横着平行布放组成方阵，四角星是锚46，黑方块是重块51，圆圈是浮标59，六边形是WEC浮体1，而之间的每个连线是绳子44。对于其中的浮体1，不但横向上两侧受到柔性锚定，在纵向上也与其他队列的浮体1连接，而在整个方阵的两侧，浮体1/浮标59也被侧面的锚46锚定，所以整个方列也在横纵方向上都受到了锚定，增强抗流能力。
见图14，因为重力锚17的运动取决于两侧浮标59，所以适当调整浮标59与浮体1距离，可使得两侧浮标59与浮体1在波浪里的运动相位差接近180°，从而可增大浮体1与重力锚17之间的相对运动行程。所以优选的：在浮标59/浮体C上安装可人工或电子智能(如：MCU通过无线接收指令或根据波高仪发的波况数据)控制的卷扬机/绞车107，以根据海上波况收进或放出绳子44，使得浮标C与浮体B距离增大或缩小。需注意的是：当浮体B与浮标C间的绳子44缩短或增长时，整个队列也会缩短或增长，对于图13来说，只在队首的浮标A上安装了卷扬机/绞车107，以调节系泊链58的长度，也可以达到调整整列浮标59与浮体1间距的目的。本节的吊锚方案也适用于其他类型的“利用浮体与其下方重力锚之间的相对运动来发电”的波浪能发电机，比如浮体绳轮波浪发电机，见CN2013101779808、CN105257463A。
节IX：本节介绍控绳机架安装在重力锚上的实施例。见图22，所述重力锚17被浮子59通过缆绳57悬吊在水中，重力锚17中心有竖直贯穿孔，见图22A剖面D-D，控绳机构的机架13处在该竖直贯穿孔中，可通过X形锁链或环状十字万向节与该孔内壁连接；
齿条齿轮控绳机构具体结构为：一根齿条94竖直放置并从机架13中穿过，再看图22D局部视图F，机架13上安装引导齿条上下运动的导轨(3个滚柱65组成一层，共上下两层)，与齿条94啮合的齿轮47的轴通过轴承&座安装在控绳机构机架13上，看图22B局部视图G，齿轮47的轴通过锥齿轮传动机构90(或直接与电控制动器的转子轴连、或通过链式传动)与电控制动器16的转子联动；见图22，齿条94底端连接一配重18(配重18可省，靠齿条94自身湿重提供向下拉力)，齿条94顶端与WEC连接；
原理：见图22B局部视图G，当电控制动器16处于制动状态时，与其联动的齿轮47被锁定，与其啮合的齿条94被锁定，齿条94的顶端与重力锚之间的距离就固定下来，WEC就可以以齿条94顶端作为参考点，利用浮体与该参考点的相对运动来进行波浪能采集转换。当电控制动器16松开时，齿轮47可以自由转动，与其啮合的齿条94就可以上下运动，齿条94的顶端与重力锚17之间的距离就可以改变了，当波浪上升时，WEC带着齿条94上升，当波浪下降时，WEC带着齿条94下落。
优选的：上述齿轮47为同样大小的两个及以上，每个齿轮47均通过各自的锥齿轮传动机构与同一主轴41联动，所有锥齿轮传动机构尺寸相同，该主轴41与上述电控制动器16的转子轴连；原理：在电控制动器锁定时，齿条上的每个与齿轮啮合的齿，都对齿条产生制动力，提高齿条的利用率。
因为齿轮传动有啮合的间隙，所以很难做到多个齿轮同时达到最佳位置，所以优选的：上述齿轮47通过摩擦式联轴器95连接各个锥齿轮传动机构，先使上劲的齿轮(其他齿轮还 没使上劲)所对应的摩擦式联轴器95因为单独不能抵抗齿条的拉力出现打滑，直到所有的齿轮都进入最佳位置，此时所有的摩擦式联轴器95传递的扭矩之和，共同阻止齿条上下运动。
而对于制动条+制动器控绳机构，具体结构是：见图28、29，一根截面为矩形长条状的制动条98竖直放置并从安装在控绳机构的机架上13的上下两个导缆器11中穿过，与制动条98对应的电控制动钳99安装在机架13上，制动条98底端连接一配重18(配重18可省，靠制动条98本身湿重提供向下拉力)，制动条98顶端与WEC连接；
控绳电气模块控制制动钳99，可采用类似图3的机构，只是把刹车鼓换掉，从动油缸36直接去推动两个制动钳99。原理：当电控制动钳99夹紧制动条98时，制动条98不能相对机架13上下运动，而机架13与重力锚是连接在一起的，所以制动条98顶端与重力锚之间的距离固定下来，WEC就可以以制动条98顶端作为参考点，进行波浪能采集。当电控制动钳99松开时，制动条98就可以上下运动，制动条98的顶端与重力锚17之间的距离就可以改变了，WEC可以带着制动条98上下随波起落了。
见图22C，对于齿条式控绳机构，控绳机构的机架13外轮廓与U形磁铁一样，但是中空的；齿条94竖直放置并从控绳机架的U形中间穿过；再看图22D局部视图F，齿轮47的轴穿过嵌在U形机架内侧的相对两壁上的孔处密封圈26后，进入U形机架腔内，见图22B，电控制动器16、锥齿轮传动机构90均在U形腔内；
对于制动条式控绳机构，见图29，控绳机构的机架外轮廓与齿条式的机架一样为U形。制动条98竖直放置并从控绳机构的U形机架13中间穿过；制动钳99安装在U形机架内侧相对的两壁上，控绳电气模块等安装在U形机架密封腔内。
以上两种控绳机构与重力锚的连接方式有两种：X型锁链连接或环状十字万向节连接。
X形连接的具体结构是：见图22B局部视图G，控绳机构机架13左侧连接两根锁链22的一端，该两根锁链22的另一端分别向左上方、左下方延伸，最后连接到重力锚17竖直孔内壁上，同样机架13的右侧也如此，四根锁链22形成X字，控绳机架13处于中心。
原理：拿图22B局部视图G说明，在机架13受到向上拉力时，X形锁链的下面两根承受拉，拽住机架13，而当电控制动器16松开时，齿轮47可以自由转动，机架13得不到来自齿条94的向上拉力，它有向下落的趋势，此时X形锁链的上两根锁链22将拽住它。同时因机架13两侧与锁链的连接都属挠性连接，机架13可以作一定角度的倾斜运动，这可以使得：当WEC带着齿条94顶端作各种运动时，齿条94可以随之倾斜，而不会被拉弯。
环状十字万向节连接的结构：见图30，一平放在XY坐标平面的二维方环/圆环，方环(或圆环)的中心处在XY坐标原点，沿X方向在方环(或圆环)的两侧各向环外伸出一短轴64，该两轴64所配合的孔96分别设在重力锚17(如图26)的竖直孔内相对两壁上，沿Y方向方环(或圆环)的环两侧各向环内侧伸出一短轴，该两轴的孔则设在控绳机架13的两侧面上。
原理：图28，当WEC带着制动条98顶端做各自运动时，因重力锚17相对静止，所以制动条98必须能跟随WEC做各种倾斜摆动，而因为制动条98被控绳机构机架13上的导缆器11(相当于导轨)夹住，所以控绳机构机架13也必须可以作各种倾斜运动，而环状十字万向节可以使其具备这一能力。见图30，当控绳机构机架13绕X轴转动时，X方向的短轴将会在其所配合的孔内旋转，同理Y方向也是如此。环状十字万向节实际等同于十字万向节。
因为以上的吊锚基控绳机构的齿条94/制动条98是要占据重力锚上方的空间的，没法采用图11那样的滑轮悬吊结构，悬吊缆绳与重力锚的连接可采用前述的直连、双索道(图17)、 侧绕(图23)、担架(图26)吊锚方式，但重力锚中心要设有竖直通孔，控绳机构机架通过X形锁链22或环状十字万向节安装在重力锚的孔处，齿条94/制动条98从重力锚的孔中穿过。
节X：本说明书中提到的各种用到直线旋转运动转换机构的控绳机构，都可将超越离合器15/扭矩限制器45插入到由直线旋转转换机构旋转构件到电控制动器的动力传递路线中，具体为：所述直线旋转转换机构的旋转构件与超越离合器15(例如图4中的主卷筒23，或图7中的摩擦轮48，图22中也可，齿轮47即为旋转构件)，或扭矩限制器45(见图18)的一端轴连，或通过链式/齿轮/皮带传动机构与超越离合器15/扭矩限制器45的这一端联动，超越离合器15/扭矩限制器45的另一端与电控制动器16的转子轴连；所述电控制动器16定子固定在机架上；图4、7中，当所述电控制动器16制动时，主卷筒23、摩擦轮48的可转动方向，应与复位索拉力产生的力矩方向相同(对于图22，是与配重重力产生的扭矩相同)；
在波浪发电机运行过程中，有时想停止液压缸的伸缩运动(如在非常小的浪时，发电太少，液压缸往复伸缩会导致密封圈磨损或需要维护时)，对于没加超越离合器的控绳机构，MCU可以控制电控制动器在浮体运动最高点时，进入制动状态，从而不再收绳，让绳子无法产生做功拉力。但对于含有超越离合器的控绳机构，不管电控制动器是什么状态，因为超越离合器的单向传动性，配重都可以收绳。所以需要增加第二电控摩擦式制动器。见图4，控绳机构已经包含了超越离合器15，第二电控摩擦式制动器112的定子安装在控绳机构机架13上，该第二电控摩擦式制动器112的转子与所述直线旋转运动转换机构的旋转构件(即主卷筒23)轴连或通过链式/齿轮/皮带传动机构联动。当MCU/PLC控制第二电控摩擦式制动器112锁定同时释放电控制动器16时，第二电控制动器发挥作用，主轴41进入正反转均受阻的刹车状态。第二电控摩擦式制动阻力需稍大于配重18的拉力，但小于采能索即主绳缆21做功时的拉力。在浮体带动控绳机构13上升时，尽管第二电控摩擦式制动器112处于制动状态，采能索21的拉力依然能驱动主轴41旋转，第二电控摩擦式制动器112处于滑动摩擦状态，而当浮体下落时，由于配重18力量小，无法冲开第二电控摩擦式制动器112的阻力而驱动主轴41旋转，所以配重18无法收绳了。这样主绳缆21就无法收回去，于是主绳缆21将会弯曲，而当浮体再次上升时，主绳缆21只会由弯变直，形成不了拉力去拉动液压缸了。当需要波浪发电机再次工作时，MCU/PLC释放第二电控摩擦式制动器112，同时锁定电控制动器16。本段的关于直线旋转转换机构与第二电控摩擦式制动器轴连/联动的方案，也可应用于本说明书提到所有的含有超越离合器的控绳机构中。
节XI：优选的：对于方案5的浮体基控绳机构，所述控绳机构机架为只有底端开口的半封闭壳体，以及对于方案9-1、9-2中的吊锚基控绳机构，其控绳机构机架为一全封闭U形壳体，它们的所述直线旋转转换机构的旋转构件、电控制动器等均安装在所述机架内腔中，优选的：还包括补气装置；有以下几种：
第一种：见图2，结构为：控绳机构的机架13为只有底端开口的半封闭壳体，控绳机构的主轴41及其轴承&座54、电控制动器16、直线旋转转换机构均安装在控绳机构的内腔中，补气系统包括电动气泵38、气管39、水浸传感器40、单片机控制模块及辅助电源，电动气泵38安装在海面浮体上的空气环境中，一根气管39一端连接气泵排气口，另一端伸入控绳机构的腔内，一水浸传感器40安装在控绳机构的腔内，该水浸传感器40通过信号线发信息给单片机控制模块，单片机控制模块对气泵38的供电进行开关控制，如果电动气泵38是在停机后气体会倒流的那种，还需要气泵38出口通过准出单向阀接所述气管39以防气体倒流。
原理：一旦进水，则水浸传感器40发信号给单片机MCU，MCU则打开气泵38电源开关，气泵38开始工作，从大气中抽取空气，通过气管39注入控绳机构的内腔中，随着空气的不断注入，内部的水会被排出，水浸传感器这时检测到水排出了，于是发信息给MCU，MCU断掉气泵38的电源开关，气泵38停止工作。
第二种，见图4：包括水浸传感器40、单片机MCU及辅助电源、电磁阀39、高压气罐110，这些除水浸传感器40外均安装在所述半封闭壳体13腔内上部，水浸传感器40的安装位置要低于主轴41的高度，其一旦检测到水，立即发信号给MCU，MCU控制所述电磁阀打开与关闭，所述高压气罐出口所接的气管39通过该电磁阀与所述控绳机构壳体13腔内相通。
原理：水浸传感器40一旦检测到水，则立即发信号给单片机MCU，MCU打开继电器，使得电磁阀通电打开，高压气罐110的内部储存的高压气体得以从气管39溢出，半封闭壳体13内的气体增多，从而将进入其内的水排出去，MCU通过延时程序让电磁阀导通一段时间，让高压气罐110排出一定量的气体，从而排出一定量的水。然后MCU再关闭电磁阀，此时气管39封闭，高压气罐110不再释放气体，直至水浸传感器40再次检测到水。
第三种：在控绳机构腔内主轴附近的机架上放置遇水产生大量气体的化学固体如电石。
第四种：如图19，在控绳机构上布设带有直流电压的正负两根电缆(外包绝缘皮)，负极电缆通向所述机架腔内，连接所述主轴处的一个裸露的但与所述机架绝缘的石墨电极，正极电缆所连接的石墨电极122则安装在所述机架壳体外，并与机架绝缘。
原理：平时只有正极浸在海水里，构成不了回路，当浮体腔内进水，水浸到负极石墨电极，这时构成回路，海水被电解，控绳机架壳外的正极产生氧气，而腔内负极产生氢气，氢气将海水排走，当水被排到低于负极石墨电极，则再次断路，电解停止不再产生气体。
节XII：控绳装置的电气控制部分，见图1、11、12(其余图未画电气部分)，控绳电气模块包括所述单作用液压缸的监测做功行程结束的传感器9、MCU控制模块及辅助电源(未画)、导线(虚线)，单片机控制模块通过行程结束传感器获取活塞做功行程结束的信号，然后对控绳机构中的电控制动器的供电进行开关控制(图11，SSR为固态继电器)，对于双浮体重力复位型波浪能采集转换系统，如图11，行程结束传感器9也可以安装在立柱81顶端限位块处，在所述环形浮体80接近顶端时发信号给MCU。控绳装置的基本功能就是：
1)采能索受力小于收绳构件产生的拉力时它会收进采能索；对应WEC下落阶段。
2)在绳索受力大时它会锁定采能索。对应WEC浮体上升做功，控绳装置处于制动状态。
3)当收到释放信号时它会放出一段绳索。对应于液压缸的活塞做功行程结束。
控绳装置的控绳策略可有3种：
算法1：控绳装置的首要任务是保护液压缸、浮体，在WEC工作过程中如没遇到液压缸做功行程结束则行程结束传感器不发信号，如遇到做功行程结束则行程结束传感器发信号给MCU，MCU立即控制控绳机构使其产生放绳动作，从而避免液压缸活塞撞击缸体导致损坏。然后MCU可利用自身的延时/计时程序在间隔一段时间(比如10、20秒)后再对控绳机构发出制动控制(此时WEC浮体可能在波峰或波谷或上升/下降途中)，以上为做功结束保护程序，这样控绳机构的采能索就重新固定下来，WEC就以一个新的相对参考点来工作。当然控绳机构的这个新制动点可能并不好，比如有时调节后的采能索长度过长导致WEC浮体在下落过程后半阶段采能索打弯，导致波高利用损失。不过MCU可以在程序里结合WEC的发电功率，多次尝试(即再次让控绳机构松开，然后隔一段时间再次锁定)以找到一个较好制动点。
算法2：做功结束保护程序继续使用，只是延时时间小些比如1s，然后增加一感应液压缸复位行程结束的探头103，这个探头103可安装在液压缸缸体末端(图2、19)，而对双浮体重力复位型WEC来说，也可安装在立柱81上(图18)。MCU利用复位结束探头103，可判明WEC浮体从下降改为上升，方法是：当活塞已经复位到终点并一直驻留时，复位结束探头103会发信号给MCU，(此前控绳机构处于制动状态)，MCU会认为浮体在下落(因为电控制动器是锁定的，如果上升那么复位结束探头103不可能一直发出复位结束信号)，MCU遂对电控制动器16施加一个方波脉冲控制，令其时而松开时而制动，类似于汽车上的ABS防抱死刹车，如此时WEC浮体在下降，那么控绳机构会利用松开的间歇收绳，而如果WEC浮体突然转为上升，那么在电控制动器制动的间隙内，WEC的液压缸会受拉从而使得活塞离开终点、复位结束探头103将不再发复位终点信号，此时MCU获悉并停止发送方波脉冲。
算法3：节X中，超越离合器的15的加入使得控绳机构多了一个功能：在电控制动器16制动的状态下，控绳机构具有只能收绳不能放绳的功能，意义在于：电气模块不需复位行程终了探头103就可处理WEC浮体下落过程中的工况。在WEC浮体下落过程中，初期因为WEC保持着向上拉力，这个拉力大于收绳构件的拉力，所以控绳机构既不能放绳又不能收绳，WEC先行复位。等WEC的液压缸2复位到终点后，如WEC继续下落，那么WEC对采能索的拉力大大降低，这时在收绳构件的作用力以及超越离合器的单向传动性的作用下，控绳机构开始收绳，这里不需要像上面那样对电控制动器16进行方波脉冲控制。当WEC浮体由下落突然转为上升时，超越离合器15的单向传动性能立即发挥作用，制止控绳机构放绳，从而使得WEC迅速进入采集做功状态，超越离合器15使得制动的时机正好在浮体下降到最低时。对于MCU来讲，其执行的算法与算法1类似当液压缸做功行程结束探头发出信号给MCU，MCU打开控绳机构，然后间隔一段时间(只是延时可更短，比如1s)，再次锁定。
关于说明书附图的补充说明：
图2：链式传动机构25、电控制动器16安装在半封闭壳体13的隔间内，主轴41从隔间壁上的孔处的旋转密封圈26插入隔间内，与链式传动机构25的链轮轴连。隔间的好处是更好的保护怕水怕湿怕盐的器件，旋转密封圈26可以避免半开放内腔中的含盐潮气侵入隔间腔内。同样隔间的设计也可应用于本说明书中的其他控绳机构(见其他图)。
图6：采能索30上部分是绳索24，下部分是锁链22，该锁链总长超过所需长度，而多出一段，重力锚17通过一快速接环119(起重吊装常用的，可快速安装或拆卸的跑道环)连接锁链22上的某处。在波浪发电机工作了一段时间(比如半年)后，绳索24的与摩擦轮组经常摩擦的一段(由于小浪发生频率远远超过大浪，所以大部分磨损是幅度1.5米以下的小浪造成的，当然在潮汐的影响下，主磨损区段会发生一定范围的往回变动，但大体在2～3米范围内)发生一定程度的磨损，这时可让潜水员把快速接环119卸开，然后将重力锚17与锁链22的连接点下移一段长度(比如2米)连接，这样在WEC运行后，在配重18的作用下采能索侧的绳索24会上移，而复位索侧的绳索24会下移，被摩擦轮组磨损的那一段绳索24也会离开摩擦轮组，从而不再成为主要磨损区段，这样就避免了绳索24的老是某段受到磨损而导致的断裂，每隔一段时间这样调整一次，就可以保证采能索24的更长期使用。同理，本段方案也可以应用于本说明中提到的其他的采能索上。另外潜水员也可在每次调整锁链22时，顺便把配重18系到绳索24的更上一点某处，以保持配重18的所在水深深度大体不变。
图7A：剖面图A-A展示了配重18的俯视图，配重18为均质(密度均匀)的水泥块/ 铁块，XY坐标轴的原点O点为几何体中心、质心。采能索30所穿过的两竖直孔在x轴上关于Y轴对称，复位索50的系点也在X轴上并关于Y轴对称。设计用意：配重18在水中运动，配重18的惯性力的力作用点是O，按照本图设计的系点、孔位，不产生转矩，另外配重18还要受到海流冲击力，圆柱形的配重18可以保证无论哪个方向上的海流冲击力，其合力的力作用点都在O点，从而避免产生转矩。
图8：用织带66替换了图7中的双绳30，同样也是采用了上下V形绳索55设计，以确保织带宽度上的拉力的相等。
图10：为了抑制双浮体重力复位型WEC的摇摆，系泊浮体的绳子44，采用了Y形连接，Y的两个顶点一个连接环状浮体80，另一个连接立柱81底端，双浮体的左侧右侧均采用Y形连接(当然前后方向上也可采用)，当双浮体顺时针方向旋转，左侧Y绳索上股拉力增大，下股拉力减小，而右侧Y绳索是上股拉力减小，下股拉力增大，左右侧合力形成一个逆时针力矩，阻止双浮体继续顺时针旋转，当然这种Y形连接也可应用于本说明书中的其他WEC浮体，包括单浮体压差复位型WEC(见图14中的浮体B、D)。
另外，本图剖面图10A，是俯视配重18。图中展示了，配重18侧面安装了导向滚轮82，以避免配重18与直筒63内壁摩擦。
图11：本图中的重力锚17是吊锚，为防止缆绳57在横向运动(垂直纸面)时与滑轮56凹槽的侧面挤压，在缆绳57的缠入滑轮56两侧附近处，各安装一双滚轮导缆钳20(或导缆器)，这样缆绳57横向摆动将会首先对双滚轮导缆钳20施加压力，使得滑轮56跟随缆绳57偏转一定角度。因为重力锚质量大惯性大，所以滑轮56与重力锚17之间采用挠性/万向连接84，可避免重力锚17的惯性对滑轮56的偏转构成阻碍，本设计也可应用于其他滑轮吊锚方案中。SSR是固态继电器，反应速度快，寿命长，MCU通过控制SSR，间接控制电源对电控制动器的供电，本设计也适用于所有控绳装置的控制电气模块。
图14：E浮标下与一滑轮56的滑轮架挠性连接，一缆绳57从该滑轮56上绕过，缆绳57的两端分别悬吊滑轮56两侧的重力锚17(右侧的未画)。为了防止缆绳57在滑轮56上运动，在滑轮56附近两侧的缆绳57上系一绳结91。这也是浮标与悬吊用的缆绳57的一种连接方式，只要两绳结91与滑轮56很近，效果与浮标与缆绳57直接连接是几乎一样。因此，本说明书中的权利要求里所提到的浮标与缆绳连接，也包括这种。浮标C下面通过第二绳索49与滑轮架62连接，滑轮架62上外缘上有三个系点充当三眼板，分别连接三个方向上的绳子。
图16：展示了V形绳索如何与滑轮吊锚连接的结构。V形绳索55的底端通过锁链22连接滑轮架62的顶端，滑轮架62的底端通过挠性/万向连接84—锁链连接吊锚17。为了防止缆绳57脱离滑轮56与滑轮架62摩擦，滑轮56凹槽的外缘下方与一压辊65外切，压辊65的轴通过轴承&座安装在滑轮架62上，缆绳57被压辊65夹在滑轮56的凹槽里。
图22、27：WEC与控绳机构的齿条94/制动条98顶端的连接为挠性/万向连接84，因为WEC的浮体要做各种倾斜运动，如果是固结必然折断齿条/制动条。图22：齿条94与槽钢形状类似，只是在槽钢外侧中间的那个面上有横向齿，导线12为弹簧状，嵌在齿条94背面凹槽中)里，当WEC浮体与控绳机构机架13距离增大或缩小时，弹簧导线12则在凹槽内纵向伸缩。导线一端有WEC的电气控制模块引出，另一端接到控绳机构内的电控制动器16上。
见图24，导缆器下方的绳索24是被引导前，可自由摆动，而进入导缆器后延伸到上方的绳索是被引导后，方向已经被限制下来。当绳索24沿平行于底层滚柱轴向摆动时，会与底层 滚柱产生滑动摩擦，从而导致绳索24磨损，为避免这个问题，该四滚柱导缆器底层(本图导缆器的上层两个滚柱65也套了软质弹性管，其实不必要，这里主要目的是为了更清楚的展示软质弹性管的结构)的两个滚柱外套软质、耐磨、耐水、耐油材料制成的圆管116(如橡胶管)，该圆管116内壁与滚柱65柱面间隙很小，间隙内充填润滑油118。所述软质耐磨管116两端口与所述滚柱65柱面的两端固结密封。因为有润滑油118，软质耐磨管116与滚柱65的滑动摩擦系数非常小，所以当绳索24的下段向左摆动时，软质耐磨管116上的与绳索24接触的那一部分会在摩擦力的作用下跟随绳索24向左滑动，图中软质耐磨管116的左部发生了褶皱，而软质耐磨管116与绳索24之间始终为静摩擦，所以就避免了绳索24的磨损。
软质耐磨管116也可替换为超高分子量聚乙烯纤维织成的桶状套子(内不需加润滑油)，该桶状套子外敷橡胶，两端口分别于滚柱65柱面两端对接，滚柱采用聚四氟乙烯材料，UHMWPE套子与聚四氟乙烯滚柱的自润滑使得套子可随绳索24左右摆动，而绳索24与UHMWPE套子始终为静摩擦。
图25：摩擦轮组式控绳机构安装在吊锚17上，绳索24一端连接上方的WEC，另一端穿过重力锚17顶面上的导缆器11后，再蜿蜒绕过摩擦轮组，最后从重力锚底面的双滚轮导缆钳20中穿出，继续向下延伸最后系在配重18上。摩擦轮组到电控制动器16的动力传递机构与图6一样，但电控制动器16要在一个密封防水的壳体内，摩擦轮组的轴41穿过密封壳体壁上孔处的密封圈26进入密封腔内。原理：因为采能索在重力锚17上方，而复位索在重力锚17下方，所以不存在缠绕问题。图27：阻尼板97被四个浮子60悬吊在水中，中心有孔，也可以作为齿条式/制动条式控绳机构的安装基础，齿条式/制动条式控绳机构的机架13通过X形锁链(或环状十字万向节)方式安装在阻尼板97的孔处。
以下内容为优选的建议：本文所有浮体、控绳机构外壳，都可是钢制/玻璃钢壳体，浮子可采用高密度塑料泡沫材料制作。本文提到的用作采能索的绳索可外敷耐磨软质材料(例如橡胶)制成的套，以减少磨损。采能索、吊锚两侧的悬吊缆绳可采用高强度、高模量的绳索，如UHMWPE绳索，其他绳缆可采用PP、聚乙烯、尼龙绳。本文提到的所有轴承(包括导缆器/双滚轮导缆器、导向滚轮内的轴承)都可采用铜基石墨自润滑轴承/陶瓷轴承。防腐方面的手段：用玻璃钢/聚脲覆盖钢制壳体，或外表喷漆，重力锚、配重、重块可用水泥块/铁块来做。
因为浮体在海面上摇摆不定，为防止液压油洒出来，本说明书所提到的开式油箱，可以是一橡胶皮囊(利用橡胶皮囊的弹性，来适应油箱内液压油的增减)，所述泄油管、抽油的液压管插入橡胶皮囊内，所述液压管与该皮囊的接缝要密封。鉴于橡胶材料的散热性不是很好，所以开式油箱也可采用密封钢制箱体(钢散热好)+橡胶皮囊的结构，具体为：插入所述钢制箱体的进出油管的插入处接缝要密封，该钢制箱体引出一根细管(该细管与所述油箱的接缝也要密封)，该细管接一密封的橡胶皮囊，与该皮囊腔内融通为一个与外界密封的腔。
为了保证发电机的电压输出稳定，需要发电机转速的稳定，而大浪和小浪下液压缸输出的流量是不同的。本说明书提到的液压马达，可以是电液变量马达，单片机根据发电机输出的电压，来控制该变量马达的排量，来实现不同流量下马达、发电机的转速的基本稳定；也可以采用定量液压马达，但在液压马达与发电机之间插入电控变速器，单片机根据发电机电压，对该电控变速器的传动比进行控制，液压马达虽然转速受到波况影响，但通过改变传动比，来让发电机转速依然保持稳定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种绳控液压缸波浪发电机，其特征在于：包括波浪能采集转换系统、控绳装置、重力锚，波浪能采集转换系统位于水面，控绳装置包括了两个相对运动可控的构件，分别是控绳机构的机架和细长构件，所述机架在上、细长构件在下的时候，机架顶端作为与波浪能采集转换系统的连接点，而细长构件底端作为与重力锚的连接点，而当机架在下细长构件在上的时候，则机架作为与重力锚的连接点，而细长构件的顶端作为与波浪能采集转换系统的连接点。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种绳控液压缸波浪发电机，其特征在于：所述波浪能采集转换系统为单浮体压差复位A型和B型，A型采用了活塞缸，包括浮体和液压系统；
    浮体的结构可以理解为：一封闭空心壳体，中心贯穿一竖直的直管，然后去除直管管内的壳体部分，从而形成一个中心有贯穿孔的全封闭壳体；
    所述浮体的贯穿孔下出口处安装有导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳，一个П支架/三脚架的三个底脚固定在浮体顶面上，该П支架/三脚架的顶端处在所述贯穿孔的正上方，该П支架/三脚架顶端与一单作用活塞缸缸体的顶端连接，该单杆活塞缸的活塞杆底端所连接的绳索先后从浮体中心孔、安装在浮体底面的导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳中穿过，最后连接到控绳装置上；活塞缸的液压管从所述浮体顶盖钻入腔内，发电机、除单杆活塞缸外的液压系统均在浮体腔内；液压系统为闭式循环，循环路线是单作用活塞缸有杆腔、准出单向阀、高压蓄能器、液压马达、低压蓄能器、准入单向阀、活塞缸有杆腔，液压马达带动发电机发电；以上为方案2-1；单浮体压差复位B型，采用了柱塞缸，具体为：
    一浮体，结构为：一封闭壳体，中心贯穿一竖直的直管，然后去除直管管内的壳体部分，从而形成一个中心有贯穿孔的全封闭壳体；所述柱塞缸缸体在下柱塞杆在上竖立，柱塞缸缸体末端固定在浮体顶面孔处，柱塞缸的柱塞杆顶端与一矩形钢架的顶边中心连接，该矩形钢架所在平面与该柱塞缸的轴截面重合，该柱塞缸及其柱塞杆一直处于该矩形钢架四边包围之中，该矩形钢架两个竖边框及底边框与所述浮体顶面及中心孔壁始终保持不接触，该矩形钢架底边中心与一绳索的顶端连接，该绳索的另一端先后穿过所述浮体的竖直中心孔、及安装在所述浮体中心孔底部的一导缆器后，向下延伸连接控绳机构；前述中，所述柱塞缸缸体底端与所述浮体顶面孔处的连接、柱塞杆顶端与所述矩形钢架的顶边连接处，也可通过凸耳/铰轴/耳环方式，所述柱塞缸如在某方向上倾倒没有约束，则需增加限位挡杆/导向滚轮组，该限位挡杆/导向滚轮组安装在所述浮体顶面上，所述导向滚轮组为一对轴线水平且互相平行，且端面对齐、相隔一定距离的、同样两个圆柱滚轮，其轴线垂直于所述无约束自由度方向；该两圆柱形滚轮/限位挡杆分别紧贴在所述矩形钢架的两竖直边框外侧/内侧的两侧面，或其中一根竖边框的两侧；
    液压系统的闭式循环路线是柱塞缸腔、准出单向阀、高压蓄能器、液压马达、低压蓄能器、准入单向阀、柱塞缸腔；所述液压马达带动发电机发电；柱塞缸底端的进出油口所接的液压管从所述浮体顶盖钻入浮体腔内，发电机以及除柱塞缸外的液压系统均在浮体腔内；以上为方案2-2；前述方案2-1、2-2中的绳索与其所穿过的导缆器可替换为方管+双导缆器，其他不变，即有方案2-3：对于单浮体压差复位A型，单杆活塞缸下方伸出的活塞杆底端改与一竖直的方管顶端连接，该方管穿过安装在所述浮体底部的间隔一定竖向距离的上下两个导缆器，该方管底端与控绳机构顶面固结；所述导缆器的四滚柱与方管的四侧面一一紧贴；
    对于单浮体压差复位B型，所述矩形钢架底边框的中点改为与一竖直的方管顶端连接，该方管穿过安装在所述浮体底部的两个间隔一定竖向距离的导缆器，该方管底端与控绳机构顶面固结；所述导缆器的四个滚柱与方管的四个侧面一一紧贴。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种绳控液压缸波浪发电机，其特征在于：所述波浪能采集转换系统为双浮体重力复位型，分为A型和B型两种，双浮体重力复位A型包括立柱总体、环状浮体、П支架/三腿架、液压系统：立柱总体可以是以下四种形式：
    1)一竖直放置的空心立柱，为圆柱体或多边形柱体外形，顶端开口底端封闭；
    2)所述空心立柱底面与一水下浮力舱顶面固结后形成的整体，水下浮力舱为轴线竖直的圆柱体或椭球体外形的中空壳体或泡沫塑料；
    3)所述立柱底面与一竖直杆/竖直管的顶面固结后形成的整体；
    4)所述立柱底面与一所述水下浮力舱顶面固结，所述水下浮力舱的底面与一竖直杆/竖直管的顶面固结后三者形成的整体；立柱总体竖直插在水中排开水的重量要大于其自身重量，即立柱总体具有漂浮性；对于立柱总体，优选的：立柱与水下浮力舱、竖直管、竖直杆，它们的竖直方向上的中心线重合；
    一环状浮体套在所述立柱上，且环状浮体环内壁与所述立柱侧面存有一定间隙，环状浮体顶面固定着竖立的П支架/三腿架，П支架/三腿架的中心线与所述立柱总体轴线重合，一竖立单作用液压缸的活塞杆柄与П支架/三腿架横梁底面中心连接，单作用液压缸的缸体底端与立柱腔内底面连接，液压系统的开式循环路线是：开式油箱、准入单向阀、所述单作用液压缸的有杆腔、准出单向阀、蓄能器、液压马达、开式油箱，液压马达带动发电机发电；以上为方案3-1；
    双浮体重力复位B型WEC具体为：一立柱总体，竖直放置，顶端开口底端封闭，一环状浮体套在立柱上，且环状浮体环内壁与立柱侧面存有一定间隙，环状浮体顶面固定着竖立的П支架/三腿架，П支架/三腿架的中心线与立柱轴心重合，一竖立的单作用液压缸的活塞杆柄与П支架/三腿架顶梁底面中心连接，单作用液压缸的缸体底端与立柱腔内底面连接，液压系统管路循环路线是：开式油箱、准入单向阀、所述单作用液压缸的有杆腔、准出单向阀、蓄能器、液压马达、开式油箱，液压马达带动发电机发电；立柱总体不必具有漂浮性，立柱总体底端要低于环状浮体底面；
    一滑轮的滑轮架与所述环状浮体底面连接，一根绳子一端连接一重块，另一端向上延伸，绕过所述滑轮后又向下延伸，最后系在所述立柱总体上；以上为方案3-2。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种绳控液压缸波浪发电机，其特征在于：控绳装置包括控绳电气模块和控绳机构，其中控绳机构包括机架、直线旋转运动转换及附属机构、电控制动器，所述控绳机构的机架顶端与上方的波浪能采集转换系统连接：所述直线旋转转换机构的旋转构件通过主轴与电控制动器的转子轴连，也可通过链式/齿轮/皮带传动机构与所述电控制动器的转子联动；所述电控制动器的定子固定在机架上，所述直线旋转运动转换机构的旋转构件的主轴通过轴承&座安装在所述机架上；所述直线旋转运动转换及其附属机构有3种，分别为；
    第一种，所述直线旋转转换机构为滚链轮+滚链型，具体为：控绳机构的机架底端固定一竖直的直筒，一配重在直筒内并与直筒内壁有一定间隙，一根滚子链一端连接该配重，另一端向上绕过所述滚链轮后再向下延伸，进入所述直筒内连接一根绳索的一端，该绳 索的另一端穿过所述配重上的竖直通孔后继续向下延伸，穿过安装在所述直筒底端入口处的导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳后继续向下，最后系在所述重力锚上；
    第二种，所述直线旋转转换机构为环链轮+环链，或摩擦轮+绳索型，具体为：一锁链一端连接所述重力锚，另一端向上穿过安装在控绳机构机架底端的导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳后，绕过环链轮后，再向下穿过安装在控绳机构机架底端的另一个导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳后，继续向下延伸，最后连接一作为收绳构件的配重；所述环链轮+锁链也可以替换为摩擦轮+绳索，一绳索一端连接所述重力锚，另一端向上穿过安装在控绳机构机架底端的导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳后，再绕过摩擦轮后再向下延伸，穿过安装在控绳机构机架底端的另一个导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳后，继续向下延伸，最后连接一配重；
    第三种：所述直线旋转转换机构为主副卷筒+主副绳缆，具体为：主卷筒与副卷筒通过齿轮/链式传动机构联动或通过主轴轴连，主绳缆的一端固定并缠绕在主卷筒上，该主绳缆的另一端向下穿过一安装在控绳机构机架底端的导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳后继续向下延伸，最后连接到所述重力锚上，副绳缆的一端固定并缠绕在副卷筒上，该副绳缆的另一端穿过安装在控绳机构机架底端的另一个导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳后连接一作为收绳构件的配重，主绳缆与副绳缆的拉力在主轴上产生的扭矩方向相反；收绳构件也可替换为拉簧，拉簧的另一端固定在机架上；
    上述直线旋转运动转换机构的旋转构件与所述重力锚之间的绳索/环链/主绳缆，定义为采能索；而所述旋转构件与所述配重之间的绳索/环链/副绳缆，定义为复位索。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种绳控液压缸波浪发电机，其特征在于：对于所述的采用环链轮+环链型、摩擦轮+绳索型、以及采用配重作为收绳构件的主副卷筒型直线旋转运动转换机构的控绳机构，增加防止采能索与复位索互相缠绕的防缠机构，防缠机构有以下几种：
    第一种，单悬链侧拉式：一根悬锚链一端系在所述配重上，另一端向下向一侧延伸，最后连接到一另一锚基上，该悬链也可替换为一段绳子，该绳子中间系重块；
    第二种，锚链侧拉式：一根绳子一端连接配重，另一端向一侧延伸一段距离，又绕过一滑轮后向下延伸，最后连接一重块；所述滑轮的滑轮架与用于锚定本波浪发电机浮体或附近其他浮体的系泊系统的其中一根锚链的中段某处挠性/万向连接；也可以省掉所述配重，这样复位索末端直接和所述绳子一端连接，让重块作为收绳用的配重；
    第三种，旁标侧拉式：在波浪发电机浮体周围一定距离处增加一浮标，所述浮体及浮标被系泊系统锚定在某处，一根绳子一端系在所述配重上，另一端延伸到浮标下方，绕过一滑轮后向下延伸，最后连接一重块，所述滑轮的滑轮架通过第二绳子连接浮标底面；也可以省掉上述配重，而让复位索末端直接和所述绳子一端连接，让重块作为收绳配重；
    第四种，潜标侧拉式：一根绳子一端连接所述配重，另一端向下向一侧延伸，然后绕过一滑轮后向上延伸，最后连接一水下浮子，所述滑轮的滑轮架与另一锚基顶端挠性/万向连接；或者是省掉所述配重，即从浮体下来的复位索末端直接与一根绳子一端连接，该绳子另一端向下向一侧延伸，然后绕过一滑轮向上延伸，最后连接一水下浮子，所述滑轮的滑轮架与另一锚基顶端挠性/万向连接；优选的：对于以上四种含配重的防缠机构侧拉所述配重的所述绳子/悬链，可不直接连接配重而是通过硬直杆连接，即所述绳子/悬链的末端与硬直杆一端连接，硬直杆另一端与配重挠性/万向连接
    第五种，单采能索双复位索式：所述直线旋转运动转换机构为：一个主卷筒左右两侧各有一套同样的副卷筒+副绳缆，此三卷筒共轴，两根副绳缆下端系在所述配重的左右两侧，而主绳缆则从配重中心的竖直通孔中穿过，两根副绳缆要分别系在配重的左右两侧；优选的：贯穿孔的上下两个入口处安装导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳，主绳缆从导缆钳/双滚轮导缆钳中穿过；
    第六种，多绳导向式：控绳机构有两套相同的共轴的间隔一定轴向距离的环链轮/摩擦轮/主卷筒以及所配套的采能索，两根采能索在穿过安装在机架底端的各自对应的导缆器/双滚轮导缆器后，继续向下延伸，分别从所述配重上的相隔一定距离的两个竖直通孔中穿过，最后连接到重力锚上；
    第七种,双悬链挡杆式：复位索所连接的配重的两侧各系一根锚链，两根锚链向两侧向下叉分开，每根锚链的另一端分别连接一锚基；锚链也可替换为锚缆，但应在锚缆中间系重块；也可省掉所述配重，这样复位索与两根锚链/锚缆直接连接组成倒Y字结构；
    第八种，直筒导向式：控绳机构的机架为一个只有在底面有开口的半封闭壳体，壳体底面固接一竖立直筒，直筒底端封闭，顶端开口并与控绳机构的壳体贯通为一个腔，所述配重处在直筒内，与直筒内壁存有间隙，配重上方的复位索穿过的导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳省掉，而采能索穿过的导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳改为安装在滑筒底部外侧面；配重也可替换为拉簧，拉簧的另一端固定在滑筒内的底部；
    第九种，穿吊锚式：在控绳机构机架的自转被约束的前提下，可采用本防缠机构，吊锚即被悬吊在水中的所述重力锚，如果是滑轮吊锚，所述重力锚顶端与所述滑轮的滑轮架要求固结，所述采能索底端连接到吊锚顶面，而所述复位索从上述吊锚上的竖直通孔中穿过后，继续向下延伸连接配重；
    第十种，Г形导向杆式：在控绳机构机架的自转被约束的前提下，可采用本防缠机构，具体为：所述采能索下半段用Г形导向杆代替，即采能索底端先连接到Г形导向杆的直角拐点处，然后Г形导向杆的长杆部分的底端通过互相勾住的一对锁环连接到所述重力锚上，所述复位索从安装在Г形导向杆的短杆部分外端的第三导缆器/双滚轮导缆钳中穿过，所述配重上设有竖直导向孔，Г形导向杆的长杆部分从安装在所述竖直导向孔的上下出入口处的导缆器中穿过；Г形导向杆的长杆部分为矩形截面，长杆部分四个侧面与所述导缆器的四滚轮一一紧贴；所述配重湿重要大于采能索+Г形导向杆的湿重。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的一种绳控液压缸波浪发电机，其特征在于：对于采用摩擦轮+绳索的控绳机构，绳索为一根，而摩擦轮可以为串联的两个，以组成摩擦轮组，具体为：摩擦轮与齿轮轴连，摩擦轮、齿轮、轴及其轴承&座构成一个摩擦轮齿轮单元，轴通过轴承&座安装在控绳装置的机架上，两个同样的摩擦轮齿轮单元轴线平行、同向、端面对齐且依次紧挨的安装在机架上，两个摩擦轮齿轮单元的齿轮啮合，每个摩擦轮齿轮单元的摩擦轮外缘直径要小于等于其齿轮分度圆直径，以保证两摩擦轮不干涉；摩擦轮组的其中一个单元的齿轮与电控制动器的转子轴连，所述绳索依次蜿蜒绕过每个摩擦轮齿轮单元的摩擦轮，所谓蜿蜒绕过是指：绳索在前行中，绕第一个摩擦轮与绕第二个摩擦轮的方向相反；另外，所述两摩擦轮齿轮单元的齿轮直径大小可不同，两摩擦轮齿轮单元的摩擦轮直径大小可不同，但每个摩擦轮齿轮单元的本摩擦轮直径÷本齿轮直径的比值相等；优选的：2个以上的上述摩擦轮齿轮单元，按照上述规则依次并排安装，摩擦轮齿轮单 元的齿轮串序串联啮合，而所述绳索仍为一根，依啮合次序蜿蜒绕过每个摩擦轮齿轮单元的摩擦轮，整个摩擦轮组仍只有一个摩擦轮齿轮单元的轴与电控制动器的转子轴连；进一步优选的：与电控制动器转子轴连的是：从该绳索拉力大的那一侧开始数，最后一个摩擦轮齿轮单元的轴，即：从绳索拉力小端一侧数，第一个摩擦轮齿轮单元的轴。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种绳控液压缸波浪发电机，其特征在于：重力锚采用吊锚方案，吊锚可有如下几种：
    a)直连吊锚，即方案8-1，结构是：在波浪发电机的浮体两侧一定距离处，各系泊一个浮标，每个浮标各系一根缆绳，这两根缆绳的另一端连接到该波浪发电机的重力锚上；
    b)滑轮吊锚，即方案8-2，结构是：相隔一定距离系泊的两个海面上的浮标，所述波浪发电机的浮体布放在两浮标之间的中间位置，一根缆绳的两端分别系在所述两浮标上，这根缆绳的中部靠近所述重力锚的上方处，并绕一滑轮，该滑轮的滑轮架底端与所述重力锚连接；
    c)方案8-3：所述重力锚是立方体，重力锚顶面的四个顶点分别安装一个顶滑轮，这样重力锚顶面上的两个对边上各有两个定滑轮，每个对边的顶滑轮各在一根索道上滚动，两根索道在重力锚左侧合为一股，并绕一滑轮，该滑轮的滑轮架与左侧用于悬吊该重力锚的缆绳连接，同样两根索道在重力锚右侧也是合为一股，并绕另一滑轮，该滑轮的滑轮架与右侧的用于悬吊该重力锚的缆绳一端连接；重力锚两侧的所述两缆绳的另一端分别连接水面上的相隔一定距离系泊的两浮标，该两浮标分别布放在波浪发电机的浮体两侧一定距离处；
    d)方案8-4)：所述重力锚为平放的立方体，在重力锚的前后两侧面上部各安装一导缆器，并在重力锚的右侧两竖直棱边上安装两个导向滑轮，悬吊该重力锚的缆绳依次穿过后导缆器、绕过右后棱边的导向滑轮、右前棱边的导向滑轮、穿过前导缆器，两导缆器及两导向滑轮与顶面距离相等；重力锚两侧的所述两缆绳分别连接水面上的相隔一定距离系泊的两浮标，所述波浪发电机的浮体布放在该两浮标中间；
    e)方案8-5)：两硬直杆平行、端面对齐的分别穿过重力锚上间隔一定距离且互相平行的两横向通孔，硬直杆侧面与横向通孔内壁存有间隙，两硬直杆左右两端分别与左右两钢架固结，每一侧的悬吊缆绳分别连接所在侧的所述钢架中部；重力锚两侧的所述两缆绳分别连接水面上的相隔一定距离系泊的两浮标，所述波浪发电机的浮体布放在该两浮标中间。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种绳控液压缸波浪发电机，其特征在于：控绳机架安装在吊锚上，包括两种：
    第一种：齿条式吊锚基控绳机构：重力锚为吊锚，中心有竖直贯穿孔，控绳机构的机架处在该竖直贯穿孔中，并通过X形锁链或环状十字万向节与该孔内壁连接；
    X形锁链连接，具体为：所述控绳机构机架左侧连接两根锁链的一端，该两根锁链的另一端分别向左上方、左下方延伸，最后连接到所述重力锚孔内左壁上，所述控绳机构机架右侧连接另外两根锁链的一端，该两根锁链的另一端分别向右上方、右下方延伸，最后连接到所述重力锚孔内右壁上，四根锁链形成X字，而控绳机架处于中心；
    环状十字万向节连接结构为：一平放在XY坐标平面的二维方环/圆环，该方环/圆环的中心点处在XY坐标原点，沿X方向在该方环/圆环的两侧各向环外伸出一轴，该两轴所配 合的轴承&座分别安装在所述重力锚的竖直孔内相对的两壁上，沿Y方向所述方环/圆环的两侧各向环内伸出一轴，该两轴的轴承&座则安装在控绳机构的机架的两侧；
    所述控绳机构的机架外形为平放的U形，但中空；齿条竖直放置并被控绳机构的U形机架半包围；机架上安装引导齿条上下运动的导轨，与齿条啮合的齿轮的轴通过轴承&座安装在控绳机构机架上，齿轮的轴与电控制动器的转子轴连，或通过锥齿轮传动机构/链式传动机构与电控制动器的转子联动，该电控制动器定子固定在所述机架上；齿条顶端与波浪能采集转换系统连接；所述齿轮的轴穿过嵌在U形机架内侧壁上的孔处的密封圈，进入U形机架腔内，电控制动器均在腔内；
    第二种，制动条式吊锚基控绳机构：重力锚为吊锚，中心有竖直贯穿孔，控绳机构的机架处在该竖直贯穿孔中，并通过上述的X形锁链或环状十字万向节方式与该孔内壁连接；控绳机构的机架外轮廓为平放的U形，但中空；一截面为方钢型材状的制动条竖直放置，并处于所述控绳机构的U形机架半包围中，在所述U形机架顶端、底端分别安装两个引导制动条上下运动的导缆器，导缆器的四滚柱分别于制动条的四个侧面一一贴合，与制动条对应的电控制动钳安装在所述机架上，所述制动条顶端与波浪能采集转换系统连接。
  9. 根据权利要求4或8所述的一种绳控液压缸波浪发电机，其特征在于：将超越离合器插入到由直线旋转运动转换机构的旋转构件到电控制动器的动力传递路线中，具体为：所述直线旋转运动转换机构的旋转构件与超越离合器的一端轴连，或通过链式/齿轮/皮带传动机构与该超越离合器的这一端联动，该超越离合器的另一端与所述电控制动器的转子轴连；所述电控制动器定子固定在机架上；当所述电控制动器处于制动状态时，直线旋转转换机构的旋转构件的可转动方向，应与复位索拉力对其产生的力矩方向相同。
  10. 根据权利要求4或8所述的一种绳控液压缸波浪发电机，其特征在于：对于浮体基控绳机构，控绳机构机架为只有底端开口的半封闭壳体，控绳机构的主轴及其轴承&座、电控制动器、直线旋转转换机构均安装在所述机架内腔中，对于吊锚基控绳机构，控绳机构机架为全封闭U形壳体；优选的：还包括补气系统；有如下几种，
    第一种：补气系统包括气管、水浸传感器、单片机控制模块、电动气泵及辅助电源，电动气泵安装在浮体的空气环境中，一气管一端连接该气泵排气口，另一端钻入控绳机构腔内，一水浸传感器安装在腔内的、所述直线旋转转换机构的轴下方处的机架上，该水浸传感器通过信号线发信息给MCU控制模块，MCU控制模块对所述电动气泵的供电进行开关控制，如该气泵停机后气体会回流，则气泵出气口通过准出单向阀连接所述气管；
    第二种：包括水浸传感器、单片机控制模块及辅助电源、电磁阀、高压气罐，这些除水浸传感器外均安装在所述机架腔内上部，所述水浸传感器安装在腔内的、所述直线旋转转换机构的轴下方处的机架上，其一旦检测到水立即发信号给MCU，MCU控制所述电磁阀打开与关闭，所述高压气罐出口所接的气管通过该电磁阀与所述机架腔内相通；
    第三种：在所述直线旋转转换机构的轴下方处的机架腔内壁上放置遇水反应产生大量气体的化学固体，如电石；
    第四种：在所述控绳机构上布设带有直流电压的正负外包绝缘皮的两根电缆，负极电缆通向所述机架腔内，连接一个裸露的但与所述机架绝缘的石墨电极，该石墨电极安装在所述直线旋转转换机构的轴下方处的机架上，正极电缆所连接的石墨电极则安装在所述机架壳体外，并与机架绝缘。
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