WO2018028291A1 - 一种波束赋形训练方法、终端和基站 - Google Patents

一种波束赋形训练方法、终端和基站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018028291A1
WO2018028291A1 PCT/CN2017/087508 CN2017087508W WO2018028291A1 WO 2018028291 A1 WO2018028291 A1 WO 2018028291A1 CN 2017087508 W CN2017087508 W CN 2017087508W WO 2018028291 A1 WO2018028291 A1 WO 2018028291A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
uplink
training
terminal
beams
base station
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PCT/CN2017/087508
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
苏昕
高秋彬
陈润华
塔玛拉卡拉盖施
宋扬
李传军
王蒙军
杨宇
李辉
黄秋萍
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电信科学技术研究院
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Publication of WO2018028291A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018028291A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a beamforming training method, a terminal, and a base station.
  • MIMO Multiple-Input Multiple-Output
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • LTE-A Long Term Evolution-Advanced
  • MIMO+OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • Rel-9 focuses on MU-MIMO technology, and TM (Transmission Mode)-8 MU-MIMO (Multi-User MIMO) can support up to 4 downlink data layers.
  • Rel-10 further improves the channel state through the introduction of 8-port CSI-RS (Channel State Information Reference Signal), URS (UE-specific Reference Signal) and multi-granularity codebook.
  • the spatial resolution of the information further extends the transmission capability of SU-MIMO (Single-User MIMO, single-user multiple input and multiple output) to a maximum of 8 data layers.
  • a base station antenna system using a PAS Passive Antenna System
  • a plurality of antenna ports are horizontally arranged, and each port corresponds to The vertical dimension of the multiple layers is connected by RF cables. Therefore, the MIMO technology in the related art can only optimize the horizontal dimensional characteristics of each terminal signal by adjusting the relative amplitude/phase between different ports in the horizontal dimension, and can only adopt the uniform sector level in the vertical dimension. Forming.
  • AAS Active Antenna System
  • the base station antenna system can obtain greater degrees of freedom in the vertical dimension, enabling The signal optimization of the UE (User Equipment) level is implemented in the three-dimensional space.
  • Massive MIMO massive MIMO
  • 3GPP is carrying out research and standardization of FD-MIMO (Full Dimension MIMO) technology.
  • FD-MIMO Full Dimension MIMO
  • the academic community is more forward-looking in research and testing of MIMO technology based on larger antenna arrays.
  • Academic research and preliminary channel measurement results show that Massive MIMO (mass MIMO) technology will greatly improve system frequency band utilization efficiency and support a larger number of access users. Therefore, major research organizations regard Massive MIMO technology as one of the most promising physical layer technologies in the next generation of mobile communication systems.
  • Massive MIMO technology requires the use of large-scale antenna arrays. Although an all-digital array can achieve maximum spatial resolution and optimal MU-MIMO (multi-user MIMO) performance, this architecture requires a large number of AD/DA (digital-to-analog/analog) conversion periods and a large number of The complete RF-baseband processing channel is a huge burden, both in terms of equipment cost and baseband processing complexity. This problem is particularly prominent in high frequency bands and large bandwidths. In order to reduce the implementation cost and equipment complexity of Massive MIMO technology, digital-analog hybrid beamforming technology has been proposed in recent years.
  • the so-called digital-analog hybrid beamforming refers to adding a first-order analog shape to the RF signal near the front end of the antenna system based on the traditional digital domain beamforming.
  • Analog shaping enables a relatively coarse match between the transmitted signal and the channel in a relatively simple manner.
  • the dimension of the equivalent channel formed after the analog shaping is smaller than the actual number of antennas, so the required AD/DA conversion device, the number of digital channels, and the corresponding baseband processing complexity can be greatly reduced.
  • the residual interference of the analog shaped portion can be processed again in the digital domain to ensure the quality of the MU-MIMO transmission.
  • S K (t)) are mapped to M digital channels (Transceiver) by digital beamforming (DBF), after digital-to-analog conversion (DAC), It is then mapped to Nt transmit antennas (Antenna) via analog shaping (ABF).
  • DBF digital beamforming
  • DAC digital-to-analog conversion
  • AMF analog shaping
  • digital-analog hybrid beamforming is a compromise between performance and complexity. It has a high practical prospect in systems with high bandwidth and large number of antennas.
  • the channel state information accuracy that can be obtained by the network side directly determines the accuracy of precoding/beamforming and the performance of the scheduling algorithm, thus affecting To overall system performance. Therefore, the acquisition of channel state information has always been one of the core issues in the standardization of MIMO technology.
  • the channel state required for digital shaping can be obtained by channel estimation.
  • the number of equivalent digital channels formed by analog shaping is less than the actual number of antennas, the dimension of the channel matrix obtained by the reference signal is much lower than the dimension of the complete channel matrix experienced by the antenna end. Therefore, the spatial resolution and interference suppression capability that digital shaping can achieve is somewhat lost.
  • the processing is closer to the physical antenna side, and its MIMO channel has a higher degree of freedom than digital shaping.
  • the analog shaping part cannot directly utilize the channel state information obtained by the digital domain for both FDD (Frequency Division Duplex) and TDD (Time Division Duplex).
  • the selection of the analog beam can generally only be performed by means of searching (or training).
  • the transmitting end transmits a set of beams
  • the receiving end also uses a predetermined set of beams for tentative reception to determine the best combination of transmitting and receiving beams.
  • the channel conditions change (such as occlusion)
  • the system will re-enter the beam search phase, and a traversal search of the potential transceiver beam combination is required.
  • the base station side (eNB or TRP) needs to determine the optimal uplink transmit beam on the terminal side, and inform the terminal of the uplink transmit beam selected by the base station. In this way, when the terminal transmits in the uplink, the uplink beam can be used for transmission.
  • the number of transmit beams supported by the terminal is generally fixed, so such a group of beams can be numbered in advance.
  • the base station side After the uplink beam training is completed, the base station side notifies the terminal of the number corresponding to the recommended uplink transmit beam by using the downlink control information.
  • the number of beams supported by the terminal is limited, and the number of beams used in training cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the terminal capability and the specific application scenario.
  • the present disclosure provides a beamforming training method, a terminal, and a base station, which are used to solve the problem that the number of beams used in beam training cannot be flexibly adjusted according to terminal capabilities and specific application scenarios.
  • the present disclosure provides a beamforming training method, which is applied to a terminal, and includes:
  • the terminal Determining, by the terminal, the number of uplink training beams that can be transmitted to the base station, where the quantity is M, M is a positive integer, the number is the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support, or the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase;
  • the terminal Transmitting, by the terminal, the M uplink training beams to the base station, so that the base station can select an optimal uplink training beam from the uplink training beam, and obtain the foregoing according to the optimal uplink training beam.
  • a target uplink transmit beam corresponding to the terminal and determining a number of the target uplink transmit beam.
  • the quantity is the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support, and after the step of determining, by the terminal, the number of uplink training beams that can be sent to the base station, the method further includes:
  • the terminal reports the number of the uplink training beams to the base station, so that the base station determines the number of the uplink training beam.
  • the step of determining, by the terminal, the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams includes:
  • the terminal determines the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams and the time-frequency position and sequence of the uplink training beam.
  • the step of determining, by the terminal, the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams and the time-frequency position when the uplink training beam is sent includes:
  • the terminal determines the number of the uplink training beam according to the manner of the first time domain and the frequency domain.
  • the number is the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase, where the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase is determined by the following factors:
  • the method further includes:
  • the terminal selects an uplink transmit beam corresponding to the number of the target uplink transmit beam to send information to the base station.
  • the number is the number of uplink training beams that can be transmitted by the terminal in the current uplink beam training phase, and after the terminal receives the number of the target uplink transmit beam sent by the base station, the terminal Before the step of selecting an uplink transmit beam corresponding to the number of the target uplink transmit beam to send information to the base station, the method further includes:
  • the terminal numbers the training beams transmitted in the current uplink beam training phase, and determines the target uplink transmit beam according to the number.
  • the step of the terminal to number the training beams that are sent by the current uplink beam training phase, and determining the target uplink transmit beam according to the number includes:
  • the terminal When there is only one uplink training beam training process between the two adjacent uplink transmit beam notifications currently received by the terminal, the terminal numbers the uplink training beams transmitted during the training of the uplink training beam And determining the target uplink transmit beam according to the number; or
  • the terminal When there are multiple uplink training beam training processes between the two adjacent uplink transmit beam notifications currently received by the terminal, the terminal performs the uplink training beam that is sent during the last uplink training beam training process. Numbering, and determining the target uplink transmit beam according to the number; or
  • the terminal When there is a plurality of uplink training beam training processes between the two adjacent uplink transmit beam notifications currently received by the terminal, the terminal notifies the currently received two adjacent uplink transmit beam notifications.
  • Uplink training beams transmitted during all uplink training beam training processes are numbered, and the target uplink transmit beam is determined according to the number; or
  • the terminal numbers the uplink training beams based on the time-frequency position of the uplink training beam, and determines the target uplink transmit beam according to the number.
  • the present disclosure also provides a beamforming training method, which is applied to a base station, and includes:
  • the base station receives the uplink training beam that is sent by the terminal, and the number of uplink training beams that the terminal sends to the base station is the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support, or is the terminal in the current uplink beam training phase.
  • the number of uplink training beams that can be transmitted the number being M, and M being a positive integer;
  • the base station selects an optimal uplink training beam from the M uplink training beams, and obtains a target uplink transmit beam corresponding to the terminal according to the optimal uplink training beam;
  • the base station determines the number of the target uplink transmit beam.
  • the number of the uplink training beams that are sent by the terminal to the base station is the number of all the uplink training beams that the terminal can support.
  • the method further includes:
  • the base station determines the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams reported by the terminal.
  • the step of determining, by the base station, the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams that is reported by the terminal includes:
  • the base station determines the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams and the time-frequency position and sequence of the uplink training beam.
  • the step of determining, by the base station, the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams and the time-frequency position when the uplink training beam is sent includes:
  • the base station determines the number of the uplink training beam according to a manner of a first time domain followed by a frequency domain.
  • the step of selecting, by the base station, the optimal uplink training beam from the uplink training beam sent by the terminal includes:
  • the base station selects an optimal uplink training beam from all uplink training beams received in the current uplink beam training phase; or
  • the base station is connected in a plurality of uplink training beam training phases between the first time and the second time Among all the received uplink training beams, an optimal uplink training beam is selected.
  • the step of determining, by the base station, the number of the target uplink transmit beam includes:
  • the base station When there is only one uplink training beam training process between the two adjacent uplink transmit beam notifications currently sent by the base station, the base station numbers the uplink training beams received during the training of the uplink training beam And determining the number of the target uplink transmit beam; or
  • the base station When there are multiple uplink training beam training processes between the two adjacent uplink transmit beam notifications currently sent by the base station, the base station performs the uplink training beam received during the last uplink training beam training process. Numbering and determining the number of the target uplink transmit beam; or
  • the base station When there are multiple uplink training beam training procedures between the two adjacent uplink transmit beam notifications currently sent by the base station, the base station sends a notification between the currently transmitted adjacent two updated uplink transmit beam notifications.
  • the uplink training beams received during the uplink training beam training are numbered, and the number of the target uplink transmit beams is determined; or
  • the base station performs numbering based on all uplink training beams within N time units before the currently transmitted updated uplink transmit beam notification, and determines the number of the target uplink transmit beam; or
  • the base station numbers the uplink training beams based on the time-frequency position of the uplink training beam, and determines the target uplink transmit beam according to the number.
  • the number of the uplink training beam is not greater than K.
  • the K beams are selected from the required uplink training beams for numbering.
  • the method further includes:
  • the base station sends the number of the target uplink transmit beam to the terminal.
  • the method before the step of sending, by the base station, the number of the target uplink transmit beam to the terminal, the method further includes:
  • the base station sends the currently determined target uplink transmit beam number to the terminal;
  • the base station When the currently determined target uplink transmit beam is the same as the last determined target uplink transmit beam, the base station does not send the currently determined target uplink transmit beam number to the terminal.
  • the disclosure also provides a terminal, including:
  • a beam quantity determining module configured to determine the number of uplink training beams that can be transmitted to the base station, where the quantity is M, and M is a positive integer, where the quantity is the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support, or The number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase;
  • a training module configured to send the M uplink training beams to the base station, so that the base station can select an optimal uplink training beam from the uplink training beam, and obtain the optimal uplink training beam according to the optimal uplink training beam.
  • a target uplink transmit beam corresponding to the terminal, and determining a number of the target uplink transmit beam.
  • the number is the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support, and the terminal further includes:
  • a number determining module configured to determine a number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams
  • the quantity reporting module is configured to report the number of the uplink training beams to the base station, so that the base station determines the number of the uplink training beam.
  • the number determining module determines the number of the uplink training beam by using the following numbering manner:
  • Determining the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams and the time-frequency position and sequence when the uplink training beam is transmitted.
  • the number is the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase, where the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase is determined by the following factors:
  • the method further includes:
  • a receiving module configured to receive a number of the target uplink transmit beam sent by the base station
  • a selecting module configured to select, by using an uplink transmit beam corresponding to the number of the target uplink transmit beam, to send information to the base station.
  • the number is the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase, and the terminal further includes:
  • the target uplink transmit beam determining module is configured to number the training beams transmitted in the current uplink beam training phase, and determine the target uplink transmit beam according to the number.
  • the target uplink transmit beam determining module numbers the training beams that are sent in the current uplink beam training phase in the following manner:
  • the uplink training beams transmitted during the training of the uplink training beam are numbered;
  • the uplink training beams transmitted during the last uplink training beam training process are numbered;
  • the uplink training beams are numbered based on a time-frequency location at which the uplink training beam is transmitted.
  • the disclosure also provides a base station, including:
  • the first receiving module is configured to receive an uplink training beam that is sent by the terminal, where the number of uplink training beams that the terminal sends to the base station is the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support, or is the current uplink beam training.
  • the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit where the number is M, and M is a positive integer;
  • a selection module configured to select an optimal uplink training beam from the M uplink training beams, and obtain a target uplink transmit beam corresponding to the terminal according to the optimal uplink training beam;
  • a number determining module is configured to determine a number of the target uplink transmit beam.
  • the base station further includes:
  • a second receiving module configured to receive the number of the uplink training beams reported by the terminal
  • the numbering module is configured to determine the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams reported by the terminal.
  • the numbering module determines the number of the uplink training beam by using the following numbering manner:
  • Determining the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams and the time-frequency position and sequence when the uplink training beam is transmitted.
  • the number determining module determines the number of the target uplink transmit beam in the following manner:
  • the uplink training beams received during the training of the uplink training beam are numbered and determined. The number of the target uplink transmit beam; or
  • the uplink training beams received during the last uplink training beam training process are numbered, and Determining a number of the target uplink transmit beam;
  • all uplink training beams are notified between the currently transmitted adjacent two updated uplink transmit beam notifications.
  • the uplink training beams received during the training are numbered, and the number of the target uplink transmit beams is determined; or
  • All the uplink training beams within the N time units before the update uplink transmit beam notification are currently transmitted are numbered, and the number of the target uplink transmit beam is determined; or
  • the base station further includes:
  • a sending module configured to send, to the terminal, a number of the target uplink transmit beam.
  • the present disclosure also provides a terminal, including a processor, a transceiver, and a memory;
  • the processor is configured to read a program in the memory and perform the following process:
  • the number is M
  • M is a positive integer
  • the number is the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support, or is the current uplink beam training phase.
  • the base station can select an optimal uplink training beam from the uplink training beam, and obtain, according to the optimal uplink training beam, the terminal corresponding to the terminal Target uplink transmit beam, and determining a number of the target uplink transmit beam;
  • the transceiver is configured to receive and transmit data
  • the memory is used to store data used by the processor to perform operations.
  • the present disclosure also provides a base station, including a processor, a transceiver, and a memory;
  • the processor is configured to read a program in the memory and perform the following process:
  • an uplink training beam where the number of uplink training beams transmitted by the terminal to the base station is the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support, or is that the terminal can transmit during the current uplink beam training phase.
  • the number of uplink training beams where the number is M, and M is a positive integer;
  • the transceiver is configured to receive and transmit data
  • the memory is used to store data used by the processor to perform operations.
  • the resource configuration of the current uplink beam training phase may determine the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase), and flexibly adjust the uplink that the terminal can transmit during the uplink beam training phase.
  • the number of training beams may be determined by the resource configuration of the current uplink beam training phase or the negotiation with the base station.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a beamforming training method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a beamforming training method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a beamforming training method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flow chart of a beamforming training method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a beamforming training method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a beamforming training method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural block diagram of a terminal according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural block diagram of a base station according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a structural block diagram of a base station according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 10 is a structural block diagram of a terminal according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of digital-analog hybrid beamforming in the related art.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a beamforming training method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the beamforming training method is applied to a terminal, including:
  • Step 11 The terminal determines the number of uplink training beams that can be transmitted to the base station, where the number is M, and M is a positive integer, where the number is the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support, or The number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase;
  • M is usually a positive integer greater than one.
  • Step 12 The terminal transmits the M uplink training beams to the base station, so that the base station can select an optimal uplink training beam from the uplink training beam, and according to the optimal uplink training beam. Obtaining a target uplink transmit beam corresponding to the terminal, and determining a number of the target uplink transmit beam.
  • the target uplink transmit beam may be an optimal uplink training beam selected by the base station, or may be obtained by performing an operation on the optimal uplink training beam.
  • the current uplink beam training phase Resource configuration and/or negotiation with the base station may determine the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase
  • the resource configuration of the current uplink beam training phase or the negotiation with the base station may determine the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase
  • the terminal when the terminal transmits an uplink training beam to the base station, the terminal may select a transmission direction of the training beam by itself.
  • the reference signal characteristics (such as sequence, time-frequency resource, etc.) transmitted on each uplink training beam may be determined by the beam number, and may of course not depend on the above number.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a beamforming training method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the beamforming training method is applied to a terminal, including:
  • Step 21 The terminal determines the number of uplink training beams that can be transmitted to the base station, where the number is the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support, and the quantity is M, and M is a positive integer.
  • the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support is one of the capabilities of the terminal;
  • Step 22 The terminal determines the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams.
  • Step 23 The terminal reports the number of the uplink training beams to the base station, so that the base station determines the number of the uplink training beam.
  • Step 24 The terminal transmits the M uplink training beams to the base station, so that the base station can select an optimal uplink training beam from the uplink training beam, and according to the optimal uplink training beam. Obtaining a target uplink transmit beam corresponding to the terminal, and determining a number of the target uplink transmit beam.
  • the base station may select an optimal uplink training beam according to parameters such as strength or signal to noise ratio of the received training signal.
  • Step 25 The terminal receives a number of the target uplink transmit beam sent by the base station.
  • Step 26 The terminal selects an uplink transmit beam corresponding to the number of the target uplink transmit beam to send information to the base station.
  • step 22 and step 23 in some embodiments of the present disclosure do not represent the order in which the steps are performed. Step 22 may be performed first, or step 23 may be performed first.
  • the terminal may determine the uplink training by using the following numbering manner. Train beam number:
  • the terminal determines the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams and the time-frequency position when the uplink training beam is transmitted;
  • the terminal determines the number of the uplink training beam according to the manner of the time domain of the first frequency domain; or determines the number of the uplink training beam according to the manner of the time domain after the time domain.
  • the frequency domain number may be arranged in descending order of subcarriers, and the time domain number may also be arranged in descending order of time units (such as symbols, TTI (transmission time interval), subframe, etc.).
  • the terminal determines the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams and the sequence of the uplink training beam transmission;
  • the terminal determines the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams and the time-frequency position and sequence when the uplink training beam is transmitted.
  • the numbering manner of some embodiments of the present disclosure may also be referred to as a global numbering manner, that is, all uplink training beams that the terminal can support are numbered.
  • different numbers of uplink training beams are used in the related art, and the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the uplink beam training phase can be determined according to the capability of the terminal, so that the manner of uplink beam training is more flexible.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a beamforming training method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the beamforming training method is applied to a terminal, including:
  • Step 31 The terminal determines the number of uplink training beams that can be transmitted to the base station, where the number is the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase, where the number is M, M is Positive integer
  • the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase can be determined by the following factors:
  • the base station may determine, according to factors such as its own processing capability, the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase, and notify the terminal.
  • Step 32 The terminal transmits the M uplink training beams to the base station, so that the base station can select an optimal uplink training beam from the uplink training beam, and according to the optimal uplink training beam. Obtaining a target uplink transmit beam corresponding to the terminal, and determining a number of the target uplink transmit beam.
  • the terminal When the terminal transmits an uplink training beam to the base station, the terminal may select the transmission direction of the training beam by itself, and different training processes may use different beams.
  • the reference signal characteristics (such as sequence, time-frequency resource, etc.) transmitted on each uplink training beam may be determined by the beam number, and may of course not depend on the above number. For example, if training signals of M beams are transmitted in one training, the beam numbers at the time of the training are 0, 1, ..., M-1, and the number may be one of the parameters for generating the reference signal sequence.
  • the training signal refers to a signal carrying a training beam.
  • Step 33 The terminal receives a number of the target uplink transmit beam sent by the base station.
  • Step 34 The terminal numbers the training beams transmitted in the current uplink beam training phase, and determines the target uplink transmit beam according to the number.
  • Step 35 The terminal selects an uplink transmit beam corresponding to the number of the target uplink transmit beam to send information to the base station.
  • the terminal may number the training beams transmitted in the current uplink beam training phase based on the following numbering manner:
  • the terminal When there is only one uplink training beam training process between the two adjacent uplink transmit beam notifications currently received by the terminal, the terminal performs uplink training during the training of the uplink training beam Beam numbering;
  • the terminal When there is a plurality of uplink training beam training processes between the two adjacent uplink transmit beam notifications currently received by the terminal, the terminal transmits the uplink transmitted during the last uplink training beam training process. Train the beam to number; or
  • the terminal updates the uplink transmission twice for the currently received neighboring update.
  • the uplink training beams transmitted during the training of all uplink training beams between the beam notifications are numbered; or
  • the terminal performs numbering based on all uplink training beams within N time units before the currently received updated uplink transmit beam notification;
  • the terminal numbers the uplink training beams based on a time-frequency position at which the uplink training beam is transmitted.
  • the numbering manner of some embodiments of the present disclosure may also be referred to as a local numbering manner, that is, the uplink training beams of the current uplink beam training phase are numbered.
  • the terminal in the uplink beam training phase can transmit.
  • the number of uplink training beams makes the uplink beam training more flexible.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a beamforming training method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the beamforming training method is applied to a base station, including:
  • Step 41 The base station receives an uplink training beam that is sent by the terminal, and the number of uplink training beams that the terminal sends to the base station is the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support, or is the current uplink beam training phase.
  • the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit where the number is M, and M is a positive integer;
  • Step 42 The base station selects an optimal uplink training beam from the M uplink training beams, and obtains a target uplink transmit beam corresponding to the terminal according to the optimal uplink training beam.
  • the target uplink transmit beam may be an optimal uplink training beam selected by the base station, or may be obtained by performing an operation on the optimal uplink training beam.
  • Step 43 The base station determines a number of the target uplink transmit beam.
  • the uplink beam training phase terminal can be transmitted according to the capability of the terminal, the resource configuration of the current uplink beam training phase, and/or the negotiation with the base station.
  • the number of uplink training beams makes the uplink beam training more flexible.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a beamforming training method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the beamforming training method is applied to a base station, including:
  • Step 51 The base station receives the number of the uplink training beams that are reported by the terminal, and the number of uplink training beams that the terminal sends to the base station is the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support.
  • the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support is one of the capabilities of the terminal, where the number is M, and M is a positive integer;
  • Step 52 The base station determines, according to the number of the uplink training beams reported by the terminal, The number of the uplink training beam.
  • Step 53 The base station receives the M uplink training beams transmitted by the terminal.
  • Step 54 The base station selects an optimal uplink training beam from the M uplink training beams, and obtains a target uplink transmit beam corresponding to the terminal according to the optimal uplink training beam.
  • the target uplink transmit beam may be an optimal uplink training beam selected by the base station, or may be obtained by performing an operation on the optimal uplink training beam.
  • Step 55 The base station determines a number of the target uplink transmit beam.
  • the base station may determine the number of the uplink training beam by using the following numbering manner:
  • the base station determines the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams and the time-frequency position when the uplink training beam is transmitted;
  • the base station may determine the number of the uplink training beam according to a pre-frequency domain and a time domain, or determine the number of the uplink training beam according to a first-time domain and a post-frequency domain.
  • the base station determines the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams and the sequence of the uplink training beam transmission;
  • the base station determines the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams and the time-frequency position and sequence of the uplink training beam.
  • Step 56 The base station sends the number of the target uplink transmit beam to the terminal.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart diagram of a beamforming training method according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the beamforming training method is applied to a base station, including:
  • Step 61 The base station receives an uplink training beam that is sent by the terminal; the number of uplink training beams that the terminal sends to the base station is the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase, the quantity M, M is a positive integer;
  • the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase can be determined by the following factors:
  • the base station may determine, according to factors such as its own processing capability, the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase, and notify the terminal.
  • Step 62 The base station selects an optimal uplink training beam from the M uplink training beams, and obtains a target uplink transmit beam corresponding to the terminal according to the optimal uplink training beam.
  • the base station may select an optimal uplink training beam in the following manner:
  • the base station selects an optimal uplink training beam from among all uplink training beams received in the current uplink beam training phase;
  • the base station selects an optimal uplink training beam from among all uplink training beams received in a plurality of uplink training beam training phases between the first time and the second time.
  • Step 63 The base station determines a number of the target uplink transmit beam.
  • the base station may determine the number of the target uplink transmit beam in the following manner:
  • the base station pair When there is only one uplink training beam training process (whether aperiodic triggering or periodic beam training) between the adjacent two updated uplink transmit beam notifications currently sent by the base station, the base station pair The uplink training beams received during the training of the uplink training beam are numbered, and the number of the target uplink transmit beams is determined; or
  • the base station receives the uplink received during the last uplink training beam training process. Training the beam to number and determine the number of the target uplink transmit beam; or
  • the base station When there are multiple uplink training beam training processes between the two adjacent uplink transmit beam notifications currently sent by the base station, the base station notifies the currently transmitted two adjacent uplink transmit beam notifications.
  • the uplink training beams received during all uplink training beam training are numbered, and the number of the target uplink transmit beams is determined; or
  • the base station performs numbering based on all uplink training beams within N time units before the currently transmitted updated uplink transmit beam notification, and determines the number of the target uplink transmit beam;
  • the base station numbers the uplink training beams based on the time-frequency position of the uplink training beam, and determines the target uplink transmit beam according to the number.
  • the number range of the uplink training beam may be set to be not greater than K.
  • K beams are selected for numbering in the bundle. For example, the last K beams used before the last uplink transmit beam notification can be selected.
  • Step 64 The base station sends the number of the target uplink transmit beam to the terminal.
  • the method may further include:
  • the base station sends the currently determined target uplink transmit beam number to the terminal;
  • the base station When the currently determined target uplink transmit beam is the same as the last determined target uplink transmit beam, the base station does not send the currently determined target uplink transmit beam number to the terminal.
  • the base station may not perform the foregoing determining process after determining the number of the target uplink transmit beam, that is, regardless of the currently determined target uplink transmit beam and the last determination. Whether the target uplink transmit beams are the same or not, the number of the target uplink transmit beams is directly sent to the terminal.
  • the numbering manner of the base station and the terminal may be agreed in advance by the terminal and the base station, or agreed in the protocol, or configured by the base station to the terminal through signaling.
  • the center frequency is The uplink training beam is transmitted on each of the J i frequency units.
  • the jth (0 ⁇ j ⁇ J i - 1) beams in the t i time units can be numbered as
  • the number of the beam is numbered in a far and near manner, that is, the earliest beam number is 0 and the nearest beam number is 15. If the notification message sent by the base station notifies the terminal to switch to the beam 7, the terminal may determine that the beam direction to be switched is the beam direction of the seventh training beam of the 0th training (arranged by time in the far and near order); In the sent notification message, the terminal is notified to switch to the beam 9, and the terminal can determine that the beam direction to be switched is the first training. The beam direction of the first training beam.
  • FIG. 7 is a structural block diagram of a terminal according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, where the terminal includes:
  • the number-of-beams determining module 71 is configured to determine the number of uplink training beams that can be transmitted to the base station, where the number is M, and M is a positive integer, where the number is the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support. Or, the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase;
  • the training module 72 is configured to send the M uplink training beams to the base station, so that the base station can select an optimal uplink training beam from the uplink training beams, and according to the optimal uplink training beam. Obtaining a target uplink transmit beam corresponding to the terminal, and determining a number of the target uplink transmit beam.
  • the number is the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support, and the terminal further includes:
  • a number determining module configured to determine a number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams
  • the quantity reporting module is configured to report the number of the uplink training beams to the base station, so that the base station determines the number of the uplink training beam.
  • the number determining module determines the number of the uplink training beam by using the following numbering manner:
  • Determining the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams and the time-frequency position and sequence when the uplink training beam is transmitted.
  • the number is the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase, where the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit in the current uplink beam training phase It is determined by the following factors:
  • the terminal further includes:
  • a receiving module configured to receive a number of the target uplink transmit beam sent by the base station
  • a selecting module configured to select, by using an uplink transmit beam corresponding to the number of the target uplink transmit beam, to send information to the base station.
  • the terminal further includes:
  • the target uplink transmit beam determining module is configured to number the training beams transmitted in the current uplink beam training phase, and determine the target uplink transmit beam according to the number.
  • the target uplink transmit beam determining module numbers the training beams transmitted in the current uplink beam training phase in the following manner:
  • the uplink training beams transmitted during the training of the uplink training beam are numbered;
  • the uplink training beams transmitted during the last uplink training beam training process are numbered;
  • the uplink training beams are numbered based on a time-frequency location at which the uplink training beam is transmitted.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural block diagram of a base station according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, where the base station includes:
  • the first receiving module 81 is configured to receive an uplink training beam that is sent by the terminal, where the number of uplink training beams that the terminal sends to the base station is the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support, or is the current uplink beam.
  • the number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit during the training phase where the number is M, and M is a positive integer;
  • the selecting module 82 is configured to select an optimal uplink training beam from the M uplink training beams, and obtain a target uplink transmit beam corresponding to the terminal according to the optimal uplink training beam.
  • the number determining module 83 is configured to determine a number of the target uplink transmit beam.
  • the number of uplink training beams that the terminal transmits to the base station is the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support, and the base station further includes:
  • a second receiving module configured to receive the number of the uplink training beams reported by the terminal
  • the numbering module is configured to determine the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams reported by the terminal.
  • the numbering module determines the number of the uplink training beam by using the following numbering manner:
  • Determining the number of the uplink training beam according to the number of the uplink training beams and the time-frequency position and sequence when the uplink training beam is transmitted.
  • the number determining module determines the number of the target uplink transmit beam in the following manner:
  • the uplink training beams received during the training of the uplink training beam are numbered and determined. The number of the target uplink transmit beam; or
  • the uplink training beams received during the last uplink training beam training process are numbered, and Determining a number of the target uplink transmit beam;
  • all uplink training beams are notified between the currently transmitted adjacent two updated uplink transmit beam notifications.
  • the uplink training beams received during the training are numbered, and the number of the target uplink transmit beams is determined; or
  • All the uplink training beams within the N time units before the update uplink transmit beam notification are currently transmitted are numbered, and the number of the target uplink transmit beam is determined; or
  • the base station further includes:
  • a sending module configured to send, to the terminal, a number of the target uplink transmit beam.
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a base station, including: a processor 91 , a memory 92 , a bus interface 93 , and a transceiver 94 .
  • the processor 91 is connected to the memory 92 through the bus interface 93 for reading the program in the memory 92, and performs the following processes:
  • an uplink training beam where the number of uplink training beams transmitted by the terminal to the base station is the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support, or is that the terminal can transmit during the current uplink beam training phase.
  • the number of uplink training beams the number is M, and M is a positive integer;
  • the transceiver 94 is coupled to the processor 91 via a bus interface for receiving and transmitting data under the control of the processor 91.
  • the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linked by one or more processors represented by processor 91 and various circuits of memory represented by memory 92.
  • the bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and, therefore, will not be further described herein.
  • the bus interface provides an interface.
  • Transceiver 94 can be a plurality of components, including a transmitter and a transceiver, providing means for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium.
  • the processor 91 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 92 can store data used by the processor 91 in performing operations.
  • the processor 91 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 92 can store data used by the processor 91 in performing operations.
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a terminal, including: a processor 101, a memory 102, a bus interface 103, a transceiver 104, and a user interface 105.
  • the processor 101 is connected to the memory 102 through the bus interface 103 for reading the program in the memory 82, and performs the following processes:
  • Determining the number of uplink training beams that can be transmitted to the base station, where the number is the number of all uplink training beams that the terminal can support, or is the end of the current uplink beam training phase The number of uplink training beams that the terminal can transmit, where the number is M, and M is a positive integer;
  • the base station can select an optimal uplink training beam from the uplink training beam, and obtain, according to the optimal uplink training beam, the terminal corresponding to the terminal A target uplink transmit beam and a number identifying the target uplink transmit beam.
  • the transceiver 104 is coupled to the processor 101 via a bus interface for receiving and transmitting data under the control of the processor 101.
  • the bus architecture may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, specifically linked by one or more processors represented by processor 101 and various circuits of memory represented by memory 102.
  • the bus architecture can also link various other circuits such as peripherals, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and, therefore, will not be further described herein.
  • the bus interface provides an interface.
  • Transceiver 104 can be a plurality of components, including a transmitter and a receiver, providing means for communicating with various other devices on a transmission medium.
  • the user interface 105 may also be an interface capable of externally connecting the required devices, including but not limited to a keypad, a display, a speaker, a microphone, a joystick, and the like.
  • the processor 101 is responsible for managing the bus architecture and general processing, and the memory 102 can store data used by the processor 101 in performing operations.
  • the computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising the instruction device.
  • the apparatus implements the functions specified in one or more blocks of a flow or a flow and/or block diagram of the flowchart.

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Abstract

本公开提供一种波束赋形训练方法、终端和基站，该波束赋形训练方法包括：终端确定能够向基站发射的上行训练波束的数量，其中，所述数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，所述数量为M，M为正整数，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量；所述终端向所述基站发射所述M个上行训练波束，以使得所述基站能够从所述上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束，以及确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。

Description

一种波束赋形训练方法、终端和基站
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2016年8月12日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.201610666435.9的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种波束赋形训练方法、终端和基站。
背景技术
鉴于MIMO(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output，多进多出)技术对于提高峰值速率与系统频谱利用率的重要作用，LTE(Long Term Evolution，长期演进)/LTE-A(LTE-Advanced)等无线接入技术标准都是以MIMO+OFDM(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing，正交频分复用)技术为基础构建起来的。MIMO技术的性能增益来自于多天线系统所能获得的空间自由度，因此MIMO技术在标准化发展过程中的一个最重要的演进方向便是维度的扩展。在LTE Rel-8中，最多可以支持4层的MIMO传输。Rel-9重点对MU-MIMO技术进行了增强，TM(Transmission Mode，传输模式)-8的MU-MIMO(Multi-User MIMO，多用户多进多出)传输中最多可以支持4个下行数据层。Rel-10则通过8端口CSI-RS(Channel State Information Reference Signal，信道状态信息参考信号)、URS(UE-specific Reference Signal，UE特定参考信号)与多颗粒度码本的引入进一步提高了信道状态信息的空间分辨率，并进一步将SU-MIMO(Single-User MIMO，单用户多进多出)的传输能力扩展至最多8个数据层。
采用相关技术中的PAS(Passive Antenna System，无源天线系统)结构的基站天线系统中，多个天线端口(每个端口对应着独立的射频-中频-基带通道)水平排列，而每个端口对应的垂直维的多个阵子之间由射频电缆连接。因此相关技术中的的MIMO技术只能在水平维通过对不同端口间的相对幅度/相位的调整实现对各个终端信号在水平维空间特性的优化，在垂直维则只能采用统一的扇区级赋形。移动通信系统中引入AAS(Active Antenna System，有源天线系统)技术之后，基站天线系统能够在垂直维获得更大的自由度，能够在 三维空间实现对UE(User Equipment，用户终端)级的信号优化。
在上述研究、标准化与天线技术发展基础之上，产业界正在进一步地将MIMO技术向着三维化和大规模化的方向推进。目前，3GPP正在开展FD-MIMO(Full Dimension MIMO，全维度MIMO)技术研究与标准化工作。而学术界则更为前瞻地开展了针对基于更大规模天线阵列的MIMO技术的研究与测试工作。学术研究与初步的信道实测结果表明，Massive MIMO(大规模MIMO)技术将能够极大地提升系统频带利用效率，支持更大数量的接入用户。因此各大研究组织均将Massive MIMO技术视为下一代移动通信系统中最有潜力的物理层技术之一。
Massive MIMO技术需要使用大规模天线阵列。尽管采用全数字阵列可以实现最大化的空间分辨率以及最优MU-MIMO(多用户多入多出)性能，但是这种结构需要大量的AD/DA(数模/模数)转换期间以及大量完整的射频-基带处理通道，无论是设备成本还是基带处理复杂度都将是巨大的负担。这一问题在高频段、大带宽时显得尤为突出。为了降低Massive MIMO技术的实现成本与设备复杂度，近年来有人提出采用数模混合波束赋形技术。所谓数模混合波束赋形(见图11)，是指在传统的数字域波束赋形基础上，在靠近天线系统的前端，在射频信号上增加一级模拟赋形。模拟赋形能够通过较为简单的方式，使发送信号与信道实现较为粗略的匹配。模拟赋形后形成的等效信道的维度小于实际的天线数量，因此其后所需的AD/DA转换器件、数字通道数以及相应的基带处理复杂度都可以大为降低。模拟赋形部分残余的干扰可以在数字域再进行一次处理，从而保证MU-MIMO传输的质量。图11中，K个数据流(S1(t)……SK(t))经过数字波束赋形(DBF)映射到M个数字通道(Transceiver)上，经过数模转换(DAC)之后，再经过模拟赋形(ABF)映射到Nt个发射天线(Antenna)上去。
相对于全数字赋形而言，数模混合波束赋形是性能与复杂度的一种折中方案，在高频段大带宽或天线数量很大的系统中具有较高的实用前景。
MIMO技术中，尤其是对MU-MIMO(多用户多入多出)技术而言，网络侧能够获得的信道状态信息精度将直接决定预编码/波束赋形的精度与调度算法的效能，从而影响到整体系统性能。因此，信道状态信息的获取一直是MIMO技术标准化中最核心的问题之一。
根据目前的LTE信号结构，由于参考信号都是安插在基带的，因此可以通过信道估计获取数字赋形所需的信道状态。但是，由于模拟赋形形成的等效数字通道数少于实际天线数，通过参考信号获得的信道矩阵的维度已经远远低于天线端所经历的完整信道矩阵的维度。因此，数字赋形所能获得的空间分辨率以及干扰抑制能力受到了一定的损失。对于模拟赋形部分而言，其处理过程更靠近物理天线一侧，相对于数字赋形而言，其MIMO信道具有更高的自由度。然而，由于没有办法对基带插入的参考信号进行估计，因而无论对FDD(频分双工)还是TDD(时分双工)，其模拟赋形部分都无法直接利用数字域获得的信道状态信息。
因此，一般而言数模混合波束赋形系统中，对模拟波束的选择一般只能通过搜索(或称训练)的方式进行。在这一过程中，发送端发射一组波束，接收端也使用一组预定的波束进行试探性的接收，以判断出最佳的收发波束组合。当信道条件发生变化(如遮挡)时，系统将重新进入波束搜索阶段，需要对潜在的收发波束组合进行遍历搜索。
上行波束训练过程完成时，基站侧(eNB或TRP)需要确定终端侧的最优上行发射波束，并将基站选定的上行发射波束告知终端。这样终端在上行传输时，就可以使用这一上行波束进行传输。相关技术的方案中，终端支持的发射波束数一般是固定的，因此可以预先对这样的一组波束进行编号。上行波束训练完成后，基站侧会通过下行控制信息向终端通知其推荐的上行发射波束所对应的编号。
相关技术的方式中，对终端支持的波束数目有限定，无法根据终端能力和具体的应用场景灵活调整训练时使用的波束数量。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本公开提供一种波束赋形训练方法、终端和基站，用于解决无法根据终端能力和具体的应用场景灵活调整波束训练时使用的波束数量的问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本公开提供一种波束赋形训练方法，应用于终端，包括：
所述终端确定能够向基站发射的上行训练波束的数量，其中，所述数量为 M，M为正整数，所述数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量；
所述终端向所述基站发射所述M个上行训练波束，以使得所述基站能够从所述上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束，以及确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
可选的，所述数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，所述终端确定能够向基站发射的上行训练波束的数量的步骤之后，还包括：
所述终端根据所述上行训练波束的数量，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；
所述终端将所述上行训练波束的数量上报给所述基站，以使得所述基站确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
可选的，所述终端根据所述上行训练波束的数量，确定所述上行训练波束的编号的步骤包括：
所述终端根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
所述终端根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
所述终端根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置和序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
可选的，所述终端根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置，确定所述上行训练波束的编号的步骤包括：
所述终端按照先频域后时域的方式，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
所述终端按照先时域后频域的方式，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
可选的，所述数量为当前上行波束训练阶段中所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束数量，其中，当前上行波束训练阶段中所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束数量由以下因素决定：
由当前上行波束训练阶段的资源配置和/或所述终端的波束切换能力决定；或者
由所述终端与所述基站约定；或者
由所述基站确定，并通知所述终端。
可选的，所述终端向所述基站发射所述M个上行训练波束的步骤之后，还包括：
所述终端接收所述基站发送的所述目标上行发射波束的编号；
所述终端选择与所述目标上行发射波束的编号对应的上行发送波束向所述基站发送信息。
可选的，所述数量为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束的数量，所述终端接收所述基站发送的所述目标上行发射波束的编号的步骤之后，所述终端选择与所述目标上行发射波束的编号对应的上行发送波束向所述基站发送信息的步骤之前，还包括：
所述终端对当前上行波束训练阶段发射的训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束。
可选的，所述终端对当前上行波束训练阶段发射的训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束的步骤包括：
当所述终端当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，只存在一次上行训练波束训练过程时，所述终端对所述上行训练波束训练过程中发射的上行训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束；或者
当所述终端当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，所述终端对最近一次的上行训练波束训练过程中发射的上行训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束；或者
当所述终端当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，所述终端对当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间所有上行训练波束训练过程中发射的上行训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束；或者
所述终端基于当前接收到的更新上行发射波束通知之前的N个时间单位之内的所有上行训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束；或者
所述终端基于发射所述上行训练波束的时频位置，对所述上行训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束。
本公开还提供一种波束赋形训练方法，应用于基站，包括：
所述基站接收终端发射的上行训练波束，所述终端向所述基站发射的上行训练波束的数量为所述终端能够支持的全部上行训练波束的数量，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量，所述数量为M，M为正整数；
所述基站从所述M个上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束；
所述基站确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
可选的，所述终端向所述基站发射的上行训练波束的数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，所述基站接收终端发射的上行训练波束的步骤之前，还包括：
所述基站接收所述终端上报的所述上行训练波束的数量；
所述基站根据所述终端上报的所述上行训练波束的数量，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
可选的，所述基站根据所述终端上报的所述上行训练波束的数量，确定所述上行训练波束的编号的步骤包括：
所述基站根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
所述基站根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
所述基站根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置和序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
可选的，所述基站根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置，确定所述上行训练波束的编号的步骤包括：
所述基站按照先频域后时域的方式，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
所述基站按照先时域后频域的方式，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
可选的，所述基站从所述终端发送的上行训练波束中，选择最优上行训练波束的步骤包括：
所述基站从当前上行波束训练阶段中接收到的所有上行训练波束中，选择一最优上行训练波束；或者
所述基站从第一时间至第二时间之间的多次上行训练波束训练阶段中接 收到的所有上行训练波束中，选择一最优上行训练波束。
可选的，所述基站确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号的步骤包括：
当所述基站当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，只存在一次上行训练波束训练过程时，所述基站对所述上行训练波束训练过程中接收到的上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
当所述基站当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，所述基站对最近一次的上行训练波束训练过程中接收到的上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
当所述基站当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，所述基站对当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间所有上行训练波束训练过程中接收到的上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
所述基站基于当前发送的更新上行发射波束通知之前的N个时间单位之内的所有上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
所述基站基于发射所述上行训练波束的时频位置，对所述上行训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束。
可选的，所述上行训练波束的编号范围不大于K，当所述终端需要编号的上行训练波束的数量超出K时，从所述需要编号的上行训练波束中选取K个波束进行编号。
可选的，所述基站确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号的步骤之后，还包括：
所述基站向所述终端发送所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
可选的，所述基站向所述终端发送所述目标上行发射波束的编号的步骤之前，还包括：
所述基站判断当前确定的所述目标上行发射波束与上一次确定的目标上行发射波束是否相同；
当当前确定的所述目标上行发射波束与上一次确定的目标上行发射波束不同时，所述基站向所述终端发送当前确定的目标上行发射波束的编号；
当当前确定的所述目标上行发射波束与上一次确定的目标上行发射波束相同时，所述基站不向所述终端发送当前确定的目标上行发射波束的编号。
本公开还提供一种终端，包括：
波束数量确定模块，用于确定能够向基站发射的上行训练波束的数量，其中，所述数量为M，M为正整数，所述数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量；
训练模块，用于向所述基站发射所述M个上行训练波束，以使得所述基站能够从所述上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束，以及确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
可选的，所述数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，所述终端还包括：
编号确定模块，用于根据所述上行训练波束的数量，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；
数量上报模块，用于将所述上行训练波束的数量上报给所述基站，以使得所述基站确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
可选的，所述编号确定模块采用以下编号方式确定所述上行训练波束的编号：
根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置和序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
可选的，所述数量为当前上行波束训练阶段中所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束数量，其中，当前上行波束训练阶段中所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束数量由以下因素决定：
由当前上行波束训练阶段的资源配置和/或所述终端的波束切换能力决定；或者
由所述终端与所述基站约定；或者
由所述基站确定，并通知所述终端。
可选的，所述还包括：
接收模块，用于接收所述基站发送的所述目标上行发射波束的编号；
选择模块，用于选择与所述目标上行发射波束的编号对应的上行发送波束向所述基站发送信息。
可选的，所述数量为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束的数量，所述终端还包括：
目标上行发射波束确定模块，用于对当前上行波束训练阶段发射的训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束。
可选的，所述目标上行发射波束确定模块采用以下方式对当前上行波束训练阶段发射的训练波束进行编号：
当所述终端当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，只存在一次上行训练波束训练过程时，对所述上行训练波束训练过程中发射的上行训练波束进行编号；或者
当所述终端当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，对最近一次的上行训练波束训练过程中发射的上行训练波束进行编号；或者
当所述终端当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，对当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间所有上行训练波束训练过程中发射的上行训练波束进行编号；或者
基于当前接收到的更新上行发射波束通知之前的N个时间单位之内的所有上行训练波束进行编号；或者
基于发射所述上行训练波束的时频位置，对所述上行训练波束进行编号。
本公开还提供一种基站，包括：
第一接收模块，用于接收终端发射的上行训练波束，所述终端向所述基站发射的上行训练波束的数量为所述终端能够支持的全部上行训练波束的数量，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量，所述数量为M，M为正整数；
选择模块，用于从所述M个上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束；
编号确定模块，用于确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
可选的，所述终端向所述基站发射的上行训练波束的数量为所述终端能够 支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，所述基站还包括：
第二接收模块，用于接收所述终端上报的所述上行训练波束的数量；
编号模块，用于根据所述终端上报的所述上行训练波束的数量，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
可选的，所述编号模块采用以下编号方式确定所述上行训练波束的编号：
根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置和序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
可选的，所述编号确定模块采用以下方式确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号：
当所述基站当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，只存在一次上行训练波束训练过程时，对所述上行训练波束训练过程中接收到的上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
当所述基站当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，对最近一次的上行训练波束训练过程中接收到的上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
当所述基站当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，对当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间所有上行训练波束训练过程中接收到的上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
基于当前发送的更新上行发射波束通知之前的N个时间单位之内的所有上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
基于发射所述上行训练波束的时频位置，对所述上行训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束。
可选的，所述基站还包括：
发送模块，用于向所述终端发送所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
本公开还提供一种终端，包括处理器、收发机和存储器；
其中，所述处理器用于读取所述存储器中的程序，执行下列过程：
确定能够向基站发射的上行训练波束的数量，其中，所述数量为M，M为正整数，所述数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量；
向所述基站发射所述M个上行训练波束，以使得所述基站能够从所述上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束，以及确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；
所述收发机用于接收和发送数据；
所述存储器用于保存所述处理器执行操作时所使用的数据。
本公开还提供一种基站，包括处理器、收发机和存储器；
其中，所述处理器用于读取所述存储器中的程序，执行下列过程：
接收终端发射的上行训练波束，所述终端向所述基站发射的上行训练波束的数量为所述终端能够支持的全部上行训练波束的数量，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量，所述数量为M，M为正整数；
从所述M个上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束；
确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；
所述收发机用于接收和发送数据；
所述存储器用于保存所述处理器执行操作时所使用的数据。
本公开的上述技术方案的有益效果如下：
与相关技术中使用固定数量的上行训练波束不同，能够根据终端的能力(所述终端能够支持的全部上行训练波束的数量为终端的能力之一)、当前上行波束训练阶段的资源配置和/或与基站的协商(当前上行波束训练阶段的资源配置或与基站的协商可决定当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量)，灵活地调整上行波束训练阶段终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量。
附图说明
图1为本公开的一些实施例的波束赋形训练方法的流程示意图；
图2为本公开的一些实施例的波束赋形训练方法的流程示意图；
图3为本公开的一些实施例的波束赋形训练方法的流程示意图；
图4为本公开的一些实施例的波束赋形训练方法的流程示意图；
图5为本公开的一些实施例的波束赋形训练方法的流程示意图；
图6为本公开的一些实施例的波束赋形训练方法的流程示意图；
图7为本公开的一些实施例的终端的结构框图；
图8为本公开的一些实施例的基站的结构框图；
图9为本公开的一些实施例的基站的结构框图；
图10为本公开的一些实施例的终端的结构框图；
图11为相关技术中的数模混合波束赋形的原理示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
请参考图1，图1为本公开的一些实施例的波束赋形训练方法的流程示意图，该波束赋形训练方法应用于终端，包括：
步骤11：所述终端确定能够向基站发射的上行训练波束的数量，其中，所述数量为M，M为正整数，所述数量为所述终端能够支持的全部上行训练波束的数量，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量；
其中，M通常为大于1的正整数。
步骤12：所述终端向所述基站发射所述M个上行训练波束，以使得所述基站能够从所述上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束，以及确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
所述目标上行发射波束可以是基站选择的最优上行训练波束，也可以由最优上行训练波束进行运算后得到。
本公开实施例中，与相关技术中使用固定数量的上行训练波束不同，能够根据终端的能力(所述终端能够支持的全部上行训练波束的数量为终端的能力之一)、当前上行波束训练阶段的资源配置和/或与基站的协商(当前上行波束训练阶段的资源配置或与基站的协商可决定当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量)，灵活地调整上行波束训练阶段终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量。
本公开的实施例中，在终端向基站发射上行训练波束时，所述终端可以自行选择训练波束的发送方向。另外，在各上行训练波束上发送的参考信号特征(如序列、时频资源等)可由波束编号确定，当然也可以不依赖于上述编号。
请参考图2，图2为本公开的一些实施例的波束赋形训练方法的流程示意图，该波束赋形训练方法应用于终端，包括：
步骤21：所述终端确定能够向基站发射的上行训练波束的数量，其中，所述数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，所述数量为M，M为正整数，所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量是所述终端的能力之一；
步骤22：所述终端根据所述上行训练波束的数量，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；
步骤23：所述终端将所述上行训练波束的数量上报给所述基站，以使得所述基站确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
步骤24：所述终端向所述基站发射所述M个上行训练波束，以使得所述基站能够从所述上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束，以及确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
所述基站可以根据接收到的训练信号的强度或信噪比等参数，选择出最优上行训练波束。
步骤25：所述终端接收所述基站发送的所述目标上行发射波束的编号；
步骤26：所述终端选择与所述目标上行发射波束的编号对应的上行发送波束向所述基站发送信息。
需要说明的是，本公开的一些实施例中的步骤22和步骤23并不代表步骤执行的顺序，可以先执行步骤22，也可以先执行步骤23。
本公开的一些实施例中，所述终端可以采用以下编号方式确定所述上行训 练波束的编号：
(1)所述终端根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
其中，所述终端按照先频域后时域的方式，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者，按照先时域后频域的方式，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
频域的编号可以按照子载波由低到高的顺序排列，时域编号也可以按照时间单位(如符号、TTI(发送时间间隔)、子帧等)由低到高的顺序排列。
(2)所述终端根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
(3)所述终端根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置和序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
本公开的一些实施例的编号方式也可以称为全局编号方式，即对终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束进行编号。
本公开的一些实施例中，与相关技术中使用固定数量的上行训练波束不同，能够根据终端的能力确定上行波束训练阶段终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量，使得上行波束训练的方式更加灵活。
请参考图3，图3为本公开的一些实施例的波束赋形训练方法的流程示意图，该波束赋形训练方法应用于终端，包括：
步骤31：所述终端确定能够向基站发射的上行训练波束的数量，其中，所述数量为当前上行波束训练阶段中所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束数量，所述数量为M，M为正整数；
当前上行波束训练阶段中所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束数量可以由以下因素决定：
(1)根据当前上行波束训练阶段的资源配置和/或所述终端的波束切换能力决定；其中，所述终端的波束切换能力为所述终端的能力之一；
或者
(2)由所述终端与所述基站约定；或者
(3)由所述基站确定，并通知所述终端。
所述基站可以根据自身的处理能力等因素，确定当前上行波束训练阶段中所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束数量，并通知终端。
步骤32：所述终端向所述基站发射所述M个上行训练波束，以使得所述基站能够从所述上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束，以及确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
在终端向基站发射上行训练波束时，所述终端可以自行选择训练波束的发送方向，并且不同的训练过程可以用不同的波束。
另外，在各上行训练波束上发送的参考信号特征(如序列、时频资源等)可由波束编号确定，当然也可以不依赖于上述编号。例如，一次训练时发送了M个波束的训练信号，则该次训练时的波束编号为0，1，…，M-1，该编号可以是产生参考信号序列的参量之一。
所述训练信号是指承载训练波束的信号。
步骤33：所述终端接收所述基站发送的所述目标上行发射波束的编号；
步骤34：所述终端对当前上行波束训练阶段发射的训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束。
步骤35：所述终端选择与所述目标上行发射波束的编号对应的上行发送波束向所述基站发送信息。
本公开的一些实施例中，所述终端可以基于以下编号方式对当前上行波束训练阶段发射的训练波束进行编号：
(1)当所述终端当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，只存在一次上行训练波束训练过程时，所述终端对所述上行训练波束训练过程中发射的上行训练波束进行编号；或者
(2)当所述终端当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，所述终端对最近一次的上行训练波束训练过程中发射的上行训练波束进行编号；或者
(3)当所述终端当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，所述终端对当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间所有上行训练波束训练过程中发射的上行训练波束进行编号；或者
(4)所述终端基于当前接收到的更新上行发射波束通知之前的N个时间单位之内的所有上行训练波束进行编号；或者
(5)所述终端基于发射所述上行训练波束的时频位置，对所述上行训练波束进行编号。
本公开的一些实施例的编号方式也可以称为局域编号方式，即对当前上行波束训练阶段的上行训练波束进行编号。
本公开的实施例中，与相关技术中使用固定数量的上行训练波束不同，能够根据终端的能力、当前上行波束训练阶段的资源配置和/或与基站的协商确定上行波束训练阶段终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量，使得上行波束训练的方式更加灵活。
请参考图4，图4为本公开的一些实施例的波束赋形训练方法的流程示意图，该波束赋形训练方法应用于基站，包括：
步骤41：所述基站接收终端发射的上行训练波束，所述终端向所述基站发射的上行训练波束的数量为所述终端能够支持的全部上行训练波束的数量，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量，所述数量为M，M为正整数；
步骤42：所述基站从所述M个上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束；
所述目标上行发射波束可以是基站选择的最优上行训练波束，也可以由最优上行训练波束进行运算后得到。
步骤43：所述基站确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
本公开的一些实施例中，与相关技术中使用固定数量的上行训练波束不同，能够根据终端的能力、当前上行波束训练阶段的资源配置和/或与基站的协商调整上行波束训练阶段终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量，使得上行波束训练的方式更加灵活。
请参考图5，图5为本公开的一些实施例的波束赋形训练方法的流程示意图，该波束赋形训练方法应用于基站，包括：
步骤51：所述基站接收所述终端上报的所述上行训练波束的数量，所述终端向所述基站发射的上行训练波束的数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量为所述终端的能力之一，所述数量为M，M为正整数；
步骤52：所述基站根据所述终端上报的所述上行训练波束的数量，确定所 述上行训练波束的编号。
步骤53：所述基站接收终端发射的所述M个上行训练波束；
步骤54：所述基站从所述M个上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束；
所述目标上行发射波束可以是基站选择的最优上行训练波束，也可以由最优上行训练波束进行运算后得到。
步骤55：所述基站确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
本公开的一些实施例中，所述基站可以采用以下编号方式确定所述上行训练波束的编号：
(1)所述基站根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
具体的，所述基站可以按照先频域后时域的方式，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者按照先时域后频域的方式，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
(2)所述基站根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
(3)所述基站根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置和序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
步骤56：所述基站向所述终端发送所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
请参考图6，图6为本公开的一些实施例的波束赋形训练方法的流程示意图，该波束赋形训练方法应用于基站，包括：
步骤61：所述基站接收终端发射的上行训练波束；所述终端向所述基站发射的上行训练波束的数量为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束的数量，所述数量为M，M为正整数；
当前上行波束训练阶段中所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束数量可以由以下因素决定：
(1)根据当前上行波束训练阶段的资源配置和/或所述终端的波束切换能力决定；其中，所述终端的波束切换能力为所述终端的能力之一；
或者
(2)由所述终端与所述基站约定；或者
(3)由所述基站确定，并通知所述终端。
所述基站可以根据自身的处理能力等因素，确定当前上行波束训练阶段中所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束数量，并通知终端。
步骤62：所述基站从所述M个上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束；
所述基站可以采用以下方式选择最优上行训练波束：
(1)所述基站从当前上行波束训练阶段中接收到的所有上行训练波束中，选择一最优上行训练波束；或者
(2)所述基站从第一时间至第二时间之间的多次上行训练波束训练阶段中接收到的所有上行训练波束中，选择一最优上行训练波束。
步骤63：所述基站确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
所述基站可以采用以下方式确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号：
(1)当所述基站当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，只存在一次上行训练波束训练过程(无论是非周期触发的还是周期性的波束训练)时，所述基站对所述上行训练波束训练过程中接收到的上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
(2)当所述基站当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，所述基站对最近一次的上行训练波束训练过程中接收到的上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
(3)当所述基站当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，所述基站对当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间所有上行训练波束训练过程中接收到的上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
(4)所述基站基于当前发送的更新上行发射波束通知之前的N个时间单位之内的所有上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
(5)所述基站基于发射所述上行训练波束的时频位置，对所述上行训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束。
上述方式中，所述上行训练波束的编号范围可以设定为不大于K，当所述终端需要编号的上行训练波束的数量超出K时，从所述需要编号的上行训练波 束中选取K个波束进行编号。例如，可以选择最近一次上行发射波束通知前，使用的最后K个波束。
步骤64：所述基站向所述终端发送所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
上述实施例中，所述基站向所述终端发送所述目标上行发射波束的编号的步骤之前，还可以包括：
所述基站判断当前确定的所述目标上行发射波束与上一次确定的目标上行发射波束是否相同；
当当前确定的所述目标上行发射波束与上一次确定的目标上行发射波束不同时，所述基站向所述终端发送当前确定的目标上行发射波束的编号；
当当前确定的所述目标上行发射波束与上一次确定的目标上行发射波束相同时，所述基站不向所述终端发送当前确定的目标上行发射波束的编号。
当然，在本公开的一些实施例中，所述基站也可以在确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号后，并不进行上述判断过程，即不论当前确定的所述目标上行发射波束与上一次确定的目标上行发射波束是否相同，均直接向所述终端发送所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
上述各实施例中，基站和终端的编号方式可以由终端和基站事先约定好，或者在协议中约定，或者由基站通过信令配置给终端。
举例来说对基站和终端的采用时频位置的编号方式进行举例说明，例如在ti(i＝[0，...I-1])个时间单位上，中心频率为
Figure PCTCN2017087508-appb-000001
的Ji个频率单位上分别发送了上行训练波束。其中I为波束训练占用的时间单位数，若终端基于最近的一次训练确定目标上行发射波束，则I＝1；若终端基于两次通知之间的所有训练确定目标上行发射波束，则I为两次通知之间的所有训练过程中使用的波束总数；若时间窗口内有N′个时间单位发送了训练波束，则I＝N′。按照上述定义，可将第ti个时间单位上的第j(0≤j≤Ji-1)个波束编号为
Figure PCTCN2017087508-appb-000002
例如，时间窗口长度为N＝16个子帧，16个子帧范围内有2次训练，每次训练发送8个波束的训练信号。波束的编号按照由远及近的方式进行编号，即最早的波束编号为0，最近的波束编号为15。如果基站发送的通知消息中通知终端切换到波束7，则终端可以确定需要切换的波束方向为第0次训练(按时间由远及近顺序排列)的第7个训练波束的波束方向；如果基站发送的通知消息中通知终端切换到波束9，则终端可以确定需要切换的波束方向为第1次训 练的第1个训练波束的波束方向。
请参考图7，图7为本公开的一些实施例的终端的结构框图，该终端包括：
波束数量确定模块71，用于确定能够向基站发射的上行训练波束的数量，其中，所述数量为M，M为正整数，所述数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量；
训练模块72，用于向所述基站发射所述M个上行训练波束，以使得所述基站能够从所述上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束，以及确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
在本公开的一些实施例中，所述数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，所述终端还包括：
编号确定模块，用于根据所述上行训练波束的数量，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；
数量上报模块，用于将所述上行训练波束的数量上报给所述基站，以使得所述基站确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
进一步地，所述编号确定模块采用以下编号方式确定所述上行训练波束的编号：
根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置和序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
在本公开的一些实施例中，所述数量为当前上行波束训练阶段中所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束数量，其中，当前上行波束训练阶段中所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束数量由以下因素决定：
由当前上行波束训练阶段的资源配置和/或所述终端的波束切换能力决定；或者
由所述终端与所述基站约定；或者
由所述基站确定，并通知所述终端。
进一步地，所述终端还包括：
接收模块，用于接收所述基站发送的所述目标上行发射波束的编号；
选择模块，用于选择与所述目标上行发射波束的编号对应的上行发送波束向所述基站发送信息。
在本公开的所述数量为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束的数量的实施例中，所述终端还包括：
目标上行发射波束确定模块，用于对当前上行波束训练阶段发射的训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束。
进一步地，所述目标上行发射波束确定模块采用以下方式对当前上行波束训练阶段发射的训练波束进行编号：
当所述终端当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，只存在一次上行训练波束训练过程时，对所述上行训练波束训练过程中发射的上行训练波束进行编号；或者
当所述终端当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，对最近一次的上行训练波束训练过程中发射的上行训练波束进行编号；或者
当所述终端当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，对当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间所有上行训练波束训练过程中发射的上行训练波束进行编号；或者
基于当前接收到的更新上行发射波束通知之前的N个时间单位之内的所有上行训练波束进行编号；或者
基于发射所述上行训练波束的时频位置，对所述上行训练波束进行编号。
请参考图8，图8为本公开的一些实施例的基站的结构框图，该基站包括：
第一接收模块81，用于接收终端发射的上行训练波束，所述终端向所述基站发射的上行训练波束的数量为所述终端能够支持的全部上行训练波束的数量，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量，所述数量为M，M为正整数，；
选择模块82，用于从所述M个上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束；
编号确定模块83，用于确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
在本公开的一些实施例中，所述终端向所述基站发射的上行训练波束的数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，所述基站还包括：
第二接收模块，用于接收所述终端上报的所述上行训练波束的数量；
编号模块，用于根据所述终端上报的所述上行训练波束的数量，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
进一步地，所述编号模块采用以下编号方式确定所述上行训练波束的编号：
根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置和序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
进一步地，所述编号确定模块采用以下方式确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号：
当所述基站当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，只存在一次上行训练波束训练过程时，对所述上行训练波束训练过程中接收到的上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
当所述基站当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，对最近一次的上行训练波束训练过程中接收到的上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
当所述基站当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，对当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间所有上行训练波束训练过程中接收到的上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
基于当前发送的更新上行发射波束通知之前的N个时间单位之内的所有上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
基于发射所述上行训练波束的时频位置，对所述上行训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束。
进一步地，所述基站还包括：
发送模块，用于向所述终端发送所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
请参考图9，本公开的一些实施例还提供一种基站，包括：处理器91，存储器92，总线接口93以及收发机94。
其中，处理器91通过总线接口93与存储器92连接，用于读取存储器92中的程序，执行下列过程：
接收终端发射的上行训练波束，所述终端向所述基站发射的上行训练波束的数量为所述终端能够支持的全部上行训练波束的数量，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量；所述数量为M，M为正整数；
从所述M个上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束；
确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
收发机94，通过总线接口与处理器91连接，用于在处理器91的控制下接收和发送数据。
其中，在图9中，总线架构可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥，具体由处理器91代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器92代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线架构还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起，这些都是本领域所公知的，因此，本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口提供接口。收发机94可以是多个元件，即包括发送机和收发机，提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。处理器91负责管理总线架构和通常的处理，存储器92可以存储处理器91在执行操作时所使用的数据。
处理器91负责管理总线架构和通常的处理，存储器92可以存储处理器91在执行操作时所使用的数据。
请参考图10，本公开的一些实施例还提供一种终端，包括：处理器101，存储器102，总线接口103、收发机104以及用户接口105。
其中，处理器101通过总线接口103与存储器102连接，用于读取存储器82中的程序，执行下列过程：
确定能够向基站发射的上行训练波束的数量，其中，所述数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终 端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量，所述数量为M，M为正整数；
向所述基站发射所述M个上行训练波束，以使得所述基站能够从所述上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束，以及确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
收发机104，通过总线接口与处理器101连接，用于在处理器101的控制下接收和发送数据。
其中，在图10中，总线架构可以包括任意数量的互联的总线和桥，具体由处理器101代表的一个或多个处理器和存储器102代表的存储器的各种电路链接在一起。总线架构还可以将诸如外围设备、稳压器和功率管理电路等之类的各种其他电路链接在一起，这些都是本领域所公知的，因此，本文不再对其进行进一步描述。总线接口提供接口。收发机104可以是多个元件，即包括发送机和接收机，提供用于在传输介质上与各种其他装置通信的单元。针对不同的用户设备，用户接口105还可以是能够外接内接需要设备的接口，连接的设备包括但不限于小键盘、显示器、扬声器、麦克风、操纵杆等。
处理器101负责管理总线架构和通常的处理，存储器102可以存储处理器101在执行操作时所使用的数据。
本公开是参照根据本公开的一些实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处 理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
以上所述是本公开的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本公开所述原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (31)

  1. 一种波束赋形训练方法，应用于终端，包括：
    所述终端确定能够向基站发射的上行训练波束的数量，其中，所述数量为M，M为正整数，所述数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量；
    所述终端向所述基站发射所述M个上行训练波束，以使得所述基站能够从所述上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束，以及确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的波束赋形训练方法，其中，所述数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，所述终端确定能够向基站发射的上行训练波束的数量的步骤之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端根据所述上行训练波束的数量，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；
    所述终端将所述上行训练波束的数量上报给所述基站，以使得所述基站确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的波束赋形训练方法，其中，所述终端根据所述上行训练波束的数量，确定所述上行训练波束的编号的步骤包括：
    所述终端根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
    所述终端根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
    所述终端根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置和序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的波束赋形训练方法，其中，所述终端根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置，确定所述上行训练波束的编号的步骤包括：
    所述终端按照先频域后时域的方式，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
    所述终端按照先时域后频域的方式，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的波束赋形训练方法，其中，所述数量为当前上 行波束训练阶段中所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束数量，其中，当前上行波束训练阶段中所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束数量由以下因素决定：
    由当前上行波束训练阶段的资源配置和/或所述终端的波束切换能力决定；或者
    由所述终端与所述基站约定；或者
    由所述基站确定，并通知所述终端。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的波束赋形训练方法，其中，所述终端向所述基站发射所述M个上行训练波束的步骤之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端接收所述基站发送的所述目标上行发射波束的编号；
    所述终端选择与所述目标上行发射波束的编号对应的上行发送波束向所述基站发送信息。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的波束赋形训练方法，其中，所述数量为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束的数量，所述终端接收所述基站发送的所述目标上行发射波束的编号的步骤之后，所述终端选择与所述目标上行发射波束的编号对应的上行发送波束向所述基站发送信息的步骤之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端对当前上行波束训练阶段发射的训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的波束赋形训练方法，其中，所述终端对当前上行波束训练阶段发射的训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束的步骤包括：
    当所述终端当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，只存在一次上行训练波束训练过程时，所述终端对所述上行训练波束训练过程中发射的上行训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束；或者
    当所述终端当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，所述终端对最近一次的上行训练波束训练过程中发射的上行训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束；或者
    当所述终端当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，所述终端对当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发 射波束通知之间所有上行训练波束训练过程中发射的上行训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束；或者
    所述终端基于当前接收到的更新上行发射波束通知之前的N个时间单位之内的所有上行训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束；或者
    所述终端基于发射所述上行训练波束的时频位置，对所述上行训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束。
  9. 一种波束赋形训练方法，应用于基站，包括：
    所述基站接收终端发射的上行训练波束，所述终端向所述基站发射的上行训练波束的数量为所述终端能够支持的全部上行训练波束的数量，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量，所述数量为M，M为正整数；
    所述基站从所述M个上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束；
    所述基站确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的波束赋形训练方法，其中，所述终端向所述基站发射的上行训练波束的数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，所述基站接收终端发射的上行训练波束的步骤之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述基站接收所述终端上报的所述上行训练波束的数量；
    所述基站根据所述终端上报的所述上行训练波束的数量，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的波束赋形训练方法，其中，所述基站根据所述终端上报的所述上行训练波束的数量，确定所述上行训练波束的编号的步骤包括：
    所述基站根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
    所述基站根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
    所述基站根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置和序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的波束赋形训练方法，其中，所述基站根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置，确定所述上行训练波束的编号的步骤包括：
    所述基站按照先频域后时域的方式，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者所述基站按照先时域后频域的方式，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的波束赋形训练方法，其中，所述基站从所述终端发送的上行训练波束中，选择最优上行训练波束的步骤包括：
    所述基站从当前上行波束训练阶段中接收到的所有上行训练波束中，选择一最优上行训练波束；或者
    所述基站从第一时间至第二时间之间的多次上行训练波束训练阶段中接收到的所有上行训练波束中，选择一最优上行训练波束。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的波束赋形训练方法，其中，所述基站确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号的步骤包括：
    当所述基站当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，只存在一次上行训练波束训练过程时，所述基站对所述上行训练波束训练过程中接收到的上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
    当所述基站当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，所述基站对最近一次的上行训练波束训练过程中接收到的上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
    当所述基站当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，所述基站对当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间所有上行训练波束训练过程中接收到的上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
    所述基站基于当前发送的更新上行发射波束通知之前的N个时间单位之内的所有上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
    所述基站基于发射所述上行训练波束的时频位置，对所述上行训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的波束赋形训练方法，其中，所述上行训练波束的编号范围不大于K，当所述终端需要编号的上行训练波束的数量超出K时，从所述需要编号的上行训练波束中选取K个波束进行编号。
  16. 根据权利要求9所述的波束赋形训练方法，其中，所述基站确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号的步骤之后，所述方法还包括：
    所述基站向所述终端发送所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的波束赋形训练方法，其中，所述基站向所述终端发送所述目标上行发射波束的编号的步骤之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述基站判断当前确定的所述目标上行发射波束与上一次确定的目标上行发射波束是否相同；
    当当前确定的所述目标上行发射波束与上一次确定的目标上行发射波束不同时，所述基站向所述终端发送当前确定的目标上行发射波束的编号；
    当当前确定的所述目标上行发射波束与上一次确定的目标上行发射波束相同时，所述基站不向所述终端发送当前确定的目标上行发射波束的编号。
  18. 一种终端，包括：
    波束数量确定模块，用于确定能够向基站发射的上行训练波束的数量，其中，所述数量为M，M为正整数，所述数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量；
    训练模块，用于向所述基站发射所述M个上行训练波束，以使得所述基站能够从所述上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束，以及确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的终端，其中，所述数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，所述终端还包括：
    编号确定模块，用于根据所述上行训练波束的数量，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；
    数量上报模块，用于将所述上行训练波束的数量上报给所述基站，以使得所述基站确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的终端，其中，所述编号确定模块采用以下编号方式确定所述上行训练波束的编号：
    根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
    根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
    根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置和序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
  21. 根据权利要求18所述的终端，其中，所述数量为当前上行波束训练阶段中所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束数量，其中，当前上行波束训练阶段中所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束数量由以下因素决定：
    由当前上行波束训练阶段的资源配置和/或所述终端的波束切换能力决定；或者
    由所述终端与所述基站约定；或者
    由所述基站确定，并通知所述终端。
  22. 根据权利要求18所述的终端，还包括：
    接收模块，用于接收所述基站发送的所述目标上行发射波束的编号；
    选择模块，用于选择与所述目标上行发射波束的编号对应的上行发送波束向所述基站发送信息。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的终端，其中，所述数量为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端所能够发射的上行训练波束的数量，所述终端还包括：
    目标上行发射波束确定模块，用于对当前上行波束训练阶段发射的训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的终端，其中，所述目标上行发射波束确定模块采用以下方式对当前上行波束训练阶段发射的训练波束进行编号：
    当所述终端当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，只存在一次上行训练波束训练过程时，对所述上行训练波束训练过程中发射的上行训练波束进行编号；或者
    当所述终端当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，对最近一次的上行训练波束训练过程中发射的上行训练波束进行编号；或者
    当所述终端当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，对当前接收到的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间所有上行训练波束训练过程中发射的上行训练波束进行编号；或者
    基于当前接收到的更新上行发射波束通知之前的N个时间单位之内的所有上行训练波束进行编号；或者
    基于发射所述上行训练波束的时频位置，对所述上行训练波束进行编号。
  25. 一种基站，包括：
    第一接收模块，用于接收终端发射的上行训练波束，所述终端向所述基站发射的上行训练波束的数量为所述终端能够支持的全部上行训练波束的数量，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量，所述数量为M，M为正整数；
    选择模块，用于从所述M个上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束；
    编号确定模块，用于确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的基站，其中，所述终端向所述基站发射的上行训练波束的数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，所述基站还包括：
    第二接收模块，用于接收所述终端上报的所述上行训练波束的数量；
    编号模块，用于根据所述终端上报的所述上行训练波束的数量，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的基站，其中，所述编号模块采用以下编号方式确定所述上行训练波束的编号：
    根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
    根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号；或者
    根据所述上行训练波束的数量以及所述上行训练波束发送时的时频位置和序列，确定所述上行训练波束的编号。
  28. 根据权利要求25所述的基站，其中，所述编号确定模块采用以下方式确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号：
    当所述基站当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，只存在一次上行训练波束训练过程时，对所述上行训练波束训练过程中接收到的上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
    当所述基站当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，对最近一次的上行训练波束训练过程中接收到的上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
    当所述基站当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间，存在多次上行训练波束训练过程时，对当前发送的相邻的两次更新上行发射波束通知之间所有上行训练波束训练过程中接收到的上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
    基于当前发送的更新上行发射波束通知之前的N个时间单位之内的所有上行训练波束进行编号，并确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；或者
    基于发射所述上行训练波束的时频位置，对所述上行训练波束进行编号，并根据所述编号确定所述目标上行发射波束。
  29. 根据权利要求25所述的基站，还包括：
    发送模块，用于向所述终端发送所述目标上行发射波束的编号。
  30. 一种终端，包括处理器、收发机和存储器；
    其中，所述处理器用于读取所述存储器中的程序，执行下列过程：
    确定能够向基站发射的上行训练波束的数量，其中，所述数量为M，M为正整数，所述数量为所述终端能够支持的所有上行训练波束的数量，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量；
    向所述基站发射所述M个上行训练波束，以使得所述基站能够从所述上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束，以及确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；
    所述收发机用于接收和发送数据；
    所述存储器用于保存所述处理器执行操作时所使用的数据。
  31. 一种基站，包括处理器、收发机和存储器；
    其中，所述处理器用于读取所述存储器中的程序，执行下列过程：
    接收终端发射的上行训练波束，所述终端向所述基站发射的上行训练波束的数量为所述终端能够支持的全部上行训练波束的数量，或者，为当前上行波束训练阶段所述终端能够发射的上行训练波束的数量，所述数量为M，M为正整数；
    从所述M个上行训练波束中，选择出最优上行训练波束，并根据所述最优 上行训练波束得到所述终端对应的目标上行发射波束；
    确定所述目标上行发射波束的编号；
    所述收发机用于接收和发送数据；
    所述存储器用于保存所述处理器执行操作时所使用的数据。
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