WO2018027880A1 - 一种固定装置及音频采集设备 - Google Patents

一种固定装置及音频采集设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018027880A1
WO2018027880A1 PCT/CN2016/094776 CN2016094776W WO2018027880A1 WO 2018027880 A1 WO2018027880 A1 WO 2018027880A1 CN 2016094776 W CN2016094776 W CN 2016094776W WO 2018027880 A1 WO2018027880 A1 WO 2018027880A1
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Prior art keywords
audio
simulated
fixing device
ear
structures
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PCT/CN2016/094776
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张瑞博
林辉
肖丹
方文斌
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森声数字科技（深圳）有限公司
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Application filed by 森声数字科技（深圳）有限公司 filed Critical 森声数字科技（深圳）有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2016/094776 priority Critical patent/WO2018027880A1/zh
Priority to US15/474,110 priority patent/US9973853B2/en
Publication of WO2018027880A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018027880A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
    • H04R5/027—Spatial or constructional arrangements of microphones, e.g. in dummy heads
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/40—Details of arrangements for obtaining desired directional characteristic by combining a number of identical transducers covered by H04R1/40 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2201/401—2D or 3D arrays of transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S2400/00—Details of stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
    • H04S2400/11—Positioning of individual sound objects, e.g. moving airplane, within a sound field
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S2400/00—Details of stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
    • H04S2400/15—Aspects of sound capture and related signal processing for recording or reproduction

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of audio collection, and in particular relates to a fixing device and an audio collecting device.
  • VR Virtual Reality
  • head tracking to change the perspective of the image, so that the user's visual system and the motion perception system are connected
  • the user can observe the presence through the movement of the head.
  • the VR panoramic video device allows users to view video at any angle of 360°.
  • audio recording technology in panoramic video has also become a focus, how to record audio that can be synchronized with the picture. It has become an important research topic.
  • the picture in each direction needs to have audio recorded in the corresponding direction. If there is no corresponding audio recording mechanism, when the user's face is oriented in a certain direction, The sound that is heard may be that the face is recorded in the other direction, and the stereoscopic experience of the picture and sound brought by the VR panoramic video technology cannot be truly experienced.
  • the existing audio recording equipment often records at one point through the omnidirectional microphone, the sound source is single, the sound quality is flat and there is no stereoscopic effect, or the audio in the four directions of front, back, left, and right is simply picked up, while watching the VR panoramic video.
  • the angle between the sound field in one direction and the sound field in the other direction is 90°, and the span is large, that is, the fusion belt is large, and the matching effect with the picture is poor, and the VR cannot be satisfied. Requirements for sound and picture synchronization in panoramic video technology.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a fixing device, which aims to solve the problem that the existing audio recording device cannot synchronize the sound and the picture in the VR panoramic video technology.
  • a fixture having a plurality of sets of simulated ear structures thereon, the simulated ear structures having simulated ear canal ports for placing audio collectors.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides an audio collection device, including:
  • An audio collector placed in the simulated ear canal of the fixture.
  • the fixing device provided by the embodiment of the invention has a plurality of pairs of simulated ear structures, and the audio signal collector can be placed in the simulated ear canal of the simulated ear structure of the fixing device, so that the collected audio signal source is richer and more textured. And the stereoscopic effect is stronger; the audio recording in multiple orientations ensures the smoothness, clarity and comfort when the sound field is switched, and the sound field information collection is more complete and rich, and the best sound field naturalness can be obtained. It satisfies the requirements of sound and picture synchronization in VR panoramic video technology; at the same time, the volume is small, which further improves the sound field reproduction accuracy of audio.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing device with an audio collector provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a fixing layer of a fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a positional relationship between a virtual face orientation and a simulated ear structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a simulated ear structure on a fixed layer according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the simulated ear structure on the fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention can set the audio collector to a fixed device with multiple pairs of analog ear structures, so that the collected audio signal source is richer, more textured, and the stereoscopic effect is stronger; the audio recording of multiple orientations is completely complete. Meet the requirements of sound and picture synchronization in VR panoramic video technology.
  • a fixing device 1 is applied to an audio collecting device.
  • the audio collection device includes: a fixed device 1 and an audio collector 2; the audio collector 2 is configured to collect an audio signal, which may be an audio device such as a microphone or a microphone; and the fixing device 1 is configured to place the audio collector 2.
  • the fixing device 1 is provided with a plurality of sets of simulated ear structures 12, and the simulated ear nodes 12 have a simulated ear canal for placing an audio collector.
  • the fixation device 1 comprises two fixation layers 11 arranged with simulated ear structures 12.
  • the two fixing layers 11 are integrally formed. It can be understood that the two fixing layers 11 of the fixing device 1 are integrally formed and can be referred to as two on the fixing device 1 .
  • a plurality of sets of simulated ear structures 12 are respectively disposed in each of the regions, and the two regions are formed on the fixing device 1 to form an arrangement of upper and lower layers.
  • the two fixing layers 11 of the fixing device 1 may be two fixing structures connected by a detachable manner, wherein the connection manner may be a magnetic connection, a ⁇ connection, a buckle Connection, adhesive connection, welding or threaded connection.
  • the simulated ear structure 12 may be integrally formed with the fixing device 1; or the simulated ear structure 12 and the fixing device 1 may be detachably connected, for example, the fixing device 1 is a bracket type.
  • the mechanical mechanism is connected to the simulated ear structure 12 by means of a mechanical connection, and the detachable connection mode facilitates replacement and equipment adjustment.
  • each set of simulated ear structures 12 includes a simulated right ear structure 121 and a simulated left ear structure 122, and the simulated right ear structure 121 and the simulated left ear structure 122 are paired.
  • the arrangement is arranged on the fixture 1.
  • the simulated ear structure 12 can be a simulated human ear model or a blurred, simplified processing human ear model, wherein the simulated human ear model can make the collected audio signal more accurate and more targeted; and is blurred and simplified.
  • the treated human ear model improves overall applicability by reducing individual characteristics and averaging the contours.
  • the simulated left ear structure 122 and the simulated right ear structure 121 include a simulated auricle, a simulated outer ear, and a simulated ear canal.
  • the sound passes through the simulated auricle of the simulated ear structure 12, the simulated outer ear, and the simulated ear canal is transmitted to
  • the mechanism on the audio collector 2 is similar to the process in which sound is transmitted through the human ear to the eardrum, ie, the device can mimic the refraction, diffraction and diffraction of sound waves from the auricle, ear canal, human skull, etc. of the human ear.
  • the effect is that the audio collector 2 placed at the ear canal can collect the audio information that is realistic and highly consistent with the natural sound heard by the human ear, and has a rich texture, ensuring the stereoscopic and realism of the sound.
  • each set of simulated ear structures 12 corresponds to a virtual face orientation N, and the simulated ear structure 12 and the corresponding virtual face orientation N position relationship simulates the person's head.
  • the positional relationship of the ear and the human face orientation, and the virtual face orientation N of each pair of simulated ear structures 12 are different to collect audio signals in different directions. Through this audio recording method, audio signals in multiple directions can be obtained to meet the requirements of VR panoramic video.
  • each set of fixed layers 11 is provided with a K set of simulated ear structures 12, wherein 2 ⁇ K ⁇ 4.
  • the human ear hears the sound, the sound is positioned, and the approximate orientation of the sound source is formed in the brain to form a virtual image; when viewing the VR panoramic video, the user needs to switch according to the scene in the video. Turn the face to follow the picture in the video.
  • only one or a set of fixed audio collectors can collect the sound.
  • the user can only feel the picture and the brain in a certain direction.
  • the virtual image formed by the positioning of the sound is corresponding.
  • the virtual image formed by the positioning of the sound in the user's brain is visually seen through The pictures do not correspond and form a perceptual confusion.
  • the audio collection device can collect sounds in multiple directions by setting a plurality of sets of analog ear structures 12 on the fixing device 1, so that the sound source is more abundant, and audio recording in multiple directions can satisfy the VR panoramic video technology.
  • the requirement of synchronizing sound and picture brings the ultimate experience for users who are pursuing high-quality audio and immersive experience.
  • K is 4, i.e., four sets of simulated ear structures 12 are provided on each of the fixed layers 11, and there are eight sets of simulated ear structures 12 on the fixture 1.
  • the virtual face orientations of any two pairs of simulated ear structures 12 are offset from each other in the horizontal direction by an angle M of 45°, where M ⁇ 1.
  • the virtual face orientation of the simulated ear structure 12 can be flexibly set such that each fixed layer 11 can be used to acquire audio signals in four different directions.
  • the virtual face orientations of the four sets of simulated ear structures 12 are sequentially shifted in the horizontal direction at an angle of 45°.
  • the fixture 1 is composed of two fixed layers 11 stacked together, including eight sets of simulated ear structures 12.
  • the virtual face orientations of the eight sets of simulated ear structures 12 are sequentially staggered in the horizontal direction at an angle of 45°.
  • the audio collecting device can realize the sound field collection in eight directions in the horizontal direction, and the angle between the adjacent two directions is 45°, so that the fusion band of the sound field is 45°, that is, the user head when the VR video is played.
  • the excessive angle of the sound field from one direction to the other in the other direction is 45° on average, which ensures the smoothness, clarity and comfort of the fusion between the sound fields, and the sound field information collection is more complete. Rich, able to get the best sound field naturalness.
  • the fixing device provided by the embodiment of the invention is provided with a plurality of sets of simulated ear structures, and the simulated ear structure has a simulated ear canal for placing the audio collector.
  • the collected audio signal source is richer, more textured, and more stereoscopic; multi-directional audio recording fully meets VR panoramic video technology
  • the requirement of synchronizing sound and picture brings the ultimate experience for users who are pursuing high-quality audio and immersive experience.
  • the 8-direction sound field can be collected, and the sound field fusion band is reduced from an average of 90° to 45°, which ensures the smoothness and clarity of the fusion between the sound fields.
  • this scheme can reduce the volume to the optimal size while ensuring the maximum integrity of the collected panoramic sound field information, which guarantees the The volume of the device can also improve the accuracy of the sound field reduction.
  • the audio collection device comprises: an audio collector, and a fixing device, wherein the fixing device is provided with a plurality of sets of analog ear structures, and the simulated ear structure has a simulated ear canal for placing the audio collector.
  • the fixing device is provided with a plurality of sets of analog ear structures
  • the simulated ear structure has a simulated ear canal for placing the audio collector.
  • the device can realize 8-direction sound field acquisition, and the sound field fusion band is reduced from an average of 90° to 45°, which ensures the smoothness of the fusion between the sound fields. Sharpness and comfort, while the sound field information collection is more complete and rich, and can obtain the best sound field naturalness; this scheme reduces the volume to the optimal size while ensuring the maximum integrity of the collected panoramic sound field information. The volume of the device is ensured, and the accuracy of the sound field reduction is improved.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)

Abstract

本发明适用于音频采集，提供了一种固定装置及音频采集设备，所述固定装置上设有多组模拟耳部结构，所述模拟耳部结构具有用于放置音频采集器的模拟耳道口。可通过将音频采集器放置于该固定装置的模拟耳部结构的模拟耳道口中，可使采集的音频信号来源更加丰富，更具质感，而且立体感更强；本固定装置可以用于多个方位的音频录制，保证了声场之间融合切换时的流畅度、清晰度和舒适度，同时声场信息采集更完整、丰富，能够获得最好的声场自然度，满足VR全景视频技术中声音与画面同步的要求；同时体积较小，进一步提高了音频的声场还原准确度。

Description

一种固定装置及音频采集设备 技术领域
本发明属于音频采集领域，尤其涉及一种固定装置及音频采集设备。
背景技术
随着VR（Virtual Reality，虚拟现实）全景视频技术的发展与普及，利用头部跟踪来改变图像的视角，使用户的视觉系统和运动感知系统之间建立起了联系，用户可以通过头部的运动去观察呈现在面前的场景。VR全景视频设备让用户可以以360°任意视角观看视频，为了使VR全景视频技术能够为用户带来立体感知体验，全景视频中的音频录制技术也成为一个焦点，如何录制可以与画面同步的音频则成为一个重要的研究课题。
在VR全景视频技术中，为了达到听觉逼真的效果，视频播放过程中，每个方向的画面需要有对应方向录制的音频，若没有相应的音频录制机制，则当用户面部朝向某个方向时，听到的声音可能是面部朝向另一个方向录制的，无法真实地体验到VR全景视频技术带来的画面与声音同步的立体体验。但是现有的音频录制设备，往往是通过全指向麦克风在一个点处进行录音，声音来源单一，音质扁平无立体感，或者仅仅简单地拾取前后左右四个方向的音频，在观赏VR全景视频时，人头部旋转过程中从一个方向上的声场转向另一个方向上的声场之间的过度角度平均为90°，跨度较大，即融合带较大，与画面的配合效果差，无法满足VR全景视频技术中声音和画面同步的要求。
 技术问题
本发明实施例提供一种固定装置，旨在解决现有的音频录制设备无法使VR全景视频技术中声音和画面同步的问题。
 技术解决方案
本发明实施例是这样实现的：
一种固定装置，所述固定装置上设有多组模拟耳部结构，所述模拟耳部结构具有用于放置音频采集器的模拟耳道口。
本发明实施例还提供了一种音频采集设备，包括：
上述实施例中的固定装置；以及
放置于所述固定装置的模拟耳道口中的音频采集器。
 有益效果
本发明实施例提供的固定装置具有多对模拟耳部结构，可通过将音频采集器放置于该固定装置的模拟耳部结构的模拟耳道口中，使采集的音频信号来源更加丰富，更具质感，而且立体感更强；多个方位的音频录制保证了声场之间融合切换时的流畅度、清晰度和舒适度，同时使声场信息采集更完整、丰富，能够获得最好的声场自然度，满足VR全景视频技术中声音与画面同步的要求；同时体积较小，进一步提高了音频的声场还原准确度。
 附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的放置有音频采集器的固定装置的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的固定装置的固定层的俯视图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的虚拟面部朝向与模拟耳部结构的位置关系示意图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的模拟耳部结构在固定层上的排布示意图；
图5是本发明实施例提供的模拟耳部结构在固定装置上的排布示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明实施例可通过将音频采集器设于具有多对模拟耳部结构的固定装置上，使采集的音频信号来源更加丰富，更具质感，而且立体感更强；多个方位的音频录制完全满足VR全景视频技术中声音与画面同步的要求。
以下结合具体实施例对本发明的具体实现进行详细描述。
如图1所示，在本发明实施例中，一种固定装置1，应用于音频采集设备中。其中，音频采集设备包括：固定装置1及音频采集器2；音频采集器2用于采集音频信号，可以是话筒、麦克风之类的音频器件；固定装置1用于放置音频采集器2。
在本发明实施例中，固定装置1上设有多组模拟耳部结构12，模拟耳部结12构具有用于放置音频采集器的模拟耳道口。
在本发明的一个实施例中，固定装置1包括排布有模拟耳部结构12的两个固定层11。
在本发明的一种实施例中，两个固定层11为一体成型结构，可以理解地，这里说的固定装置1的两个固定层11为一体成型结构，可以指在固定装置1上的两个区域中分别设有多组模拟耳部结构12，且这两个区域在固定装置1上恰好形成上下两层的排布方式。
在本发明的另一种实施例中，固定装置1的两个固定层11可以是通过可拆卸的方式相连的两个固定结构，其中，连接方式可以为磁吸连接、卯榫连接、卡扣连接、粘贴连接、焊接或螺纹连接等。
在本发明的一种实施例中，模拟耳部结构12可以与固定装置1为一体成型结构；或者模拟耳部结构12与固定装置1以可拆卸的方式连接，例如，固定装置1为支架类的机械机构，通过机械连接的方式与模拟耳部结构12相连，可拆卸连接方式便于更换与设备调整。
如图2所示，在本发明的一个实施例中，每组模拟耳部结构12包括模拟右耳结构121及模拟左耳结构122，且模拟右耳结构121与模拟左耳结构122以成对的方式排布于固定装置1上。可以理解地，模拟耳部结构12可以是仿真人耳模型或者经过模糊、简化处理的人耳模型，其中仿真人耳模型可以使采集的音频信号更精确、更具有针对性；而经过模糊、简化处理过的人耳模型通过降低个体特征，使轮廓趋于平均水平，可提高整体适用性。
可以理解地，模拟左耳结构122、模拟右耳结构121包括模拟耳廓、模拟外耳，及模拟耳道口等，声音经过模拟耳部结构12的模拟耳廓、模拟外耳，及模拟耳道口传至音频采集器2上的机制，与声音通过人耳传导到耳鼓膜的过程类似，即本设备可以模仿声音从人的耳廓、耳道、人的盖骨等对声波的折射、绕射和衍射的效果，从而使置于耳道口的音频采集器2能够采集到逼真的、与人耳听到的自然声音高度一致的音频信息，富有质感，保证了声音的立体感与真实度。
如图3所示，在本发明的一个实施例中，每组模拟耳部结构12对应一虚拟面部朝向N，模拟耳部结构12与对应的虚拟面部朝向N的位置关系模拟人头部的人耳与人面部朝向的位置关系，且每对模拟耳部结构12的虚拟面部朝向N均不相同，以采集不同方向的音频信号。通过这种音频录制方式，可以获取多个方向的音频信号，以满足VR全景视频的要求。
在本发明的一个实施例中，每个固定层11上设有K组模拟耳部结构12，其中，2≤K≤4。相应地，固定装置1上就有4~8组模拟耳部结构。详细地，当人耳听到声音时，会对声音进行定位，并在脑中形成该声源的大概方位，形成虚拟结像；观赏VR全景视频时，用户需要根据视频中的场景切换相应地转动面部来跟随视频中的画面，传统的音频录制技术中，只有一个或一组固定的音频采集器来采集声音，那么欣赏VR全景视频时，用户只能在某一个方向上才能感受画面与大脑对声音的定位形成的虚拟结像是对应的，当用户面部转动到另一个方向时，由于没有对应方向上录制的音频，用户脑中通过对声音的定位形成的虚拟结像与通过视觉看到的画面不对应，形成感知混乱。
本发明提供的音频采集设备，通过在固定装置1上设置多组模拟耳部结构12，可采集多个方向的声音，使声音来源更加丰富，多个方位的音频录制可满足VR全景视频技术中声音与画面同步的要求，为追求高品质音频及声临其境体验感的用户带来极致的体验。
在本发明的一个实施例中，K为4，即每个固定层11上设有4组模拟耳部结构12，那么固定装置1上就有8组模拟耳部结构12。
在本发明的一个实施例中，在固定装置1中，任意两对模拟耳部结构12的虚拟面部朝向在水平方向上以45°的M倍夹角相互错开，其中，M≥1。模拟耳部结构12的虚拟面部朝向可以灵活设置，使每个固定层11可用于采集4个不同方向上的音频信号。
作为本发明的一个优选实施例，如图4所示，在每个固定层11中，4组模拟耳部结构12的虚拟面部朝向在水平方向上按顺序以45°的夹角依次错开。
如图5所示，固定装置1由两个固定层11层叠在一起组成，包括8组模拟耳部结构12。其中，8组模拟耳部结构12的虚拟面部朝向在水平方向上按顺序以45°的夹角依次错开排布。这样音频采集设备在水平方向上可以实现8个方向的声场采集，且相邻的两个方向之间的夹角为45°，这样声场的融合带为45°，即VR视频播放时，用户头部旋转过程中从一个方向上的声场转向另一个方向上的声场的过度角度平均为45°，保证了声场之间融合切换时的流畅度、清晰度和舒适度，同时声场信息采集更完整、丰富，能够获得最好的声场自然度。
本发明实施例提供的固定装置上设有多组模拟耳部结构，模拟耳部结构具有用于放置音频采集器的模拟耳道口。通过将音频采集器设于具有多对模拟耳部结构的固定装置上，使采集的音频信号来源更加丰富，更具质感，而且立体感更强；多个方位的音频录制完全满足VR全景视频技术中声音与画面同步的要求，为追求高品质音频及声临其境体验感的用户带来极致的体验。同时，当固定装置上设有8组模拟耳部结构时，便能实现8方向声场采集，声场融合带从平均90°缩减为45°，保证了声场之间融合切换时的流畅度、清晰度和舒适度，同时声场信息采集更完整、丰富，能够获得最好的声场自然度；这种方案在保证采集全景声场信息完整度最大化的情况下，使体积缩减到最佳大小，既保证了设备的体积，又能提高声场还原的准确度。
本发明实施例提供的音频采集设备包括：音频采集器，及固定装置，该固定装置上设有多组模拟耳部结构，模拟耳部结构具有用于放置音频采集器的模拟耳道口。通过将音频采集器设于具有多对模拟耳部结构的固定装置上，使采集的音频信号来源更加丰富，更具质感，而且立体感更强；多个方位的音频录制完全满足VR全景视频技术中声音与画面同步的要求，为追求高品质音频及声临其境体验感的用户带来极致的体验。同时，当固定装置上设有8组模拟耳部结构时，本设备便能实现8方向声场采集，声场融合带从平均90°缩减为45°，保证了声场之间融合切换时的流畅度、清晰度和舒适度，同时声场信息采集更完整、丰富，能够获得最好的声场自然度；这种方案在保证采集全景声场信息完整度最大化的情况下，使体积缩减到最佳大小，既保证了设备的体积，又能提高声场还原的准确度。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种固定装置，其特征在于，所述固定装置上设有多组模拟耳部结构，所述模拟耳部结构具有用于放置音频采集器的模拟耳道口。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的固定装置，其特征在于，每组所述模拟耳部结构包括模拟左耳结构及模拟右耳结构，且对应一虚拟面部朝向，所述模拟耳部结构与对应的虚拟面部朝向的位置关系模拟人头部的双耳与人面部朝向的位置关系；每组所述模拟耳部结构的虚拟面部朝向均不相同。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的固定装置，其特征在于，所述固定装置包括排布有所述模拟耳部结构的两个固定层，两个所述固定层为一体成型结构，或者为两个通过可拆卸方式连接的固定结构。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的固定装置，其特征在于，每个所述固定层均设有K组所述模拟耳部结构，其中，2≤K≤4。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的固定装置，其特征在于，所述 K为4。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的固定装置，其特征在于，所述固定装置的任意两组所述模拟耳部结构的虚拟面部朝向在水平方向上以45°的M倍夹角相互错开排布，其中，M≥1。
  7. 如权利要求 5所述的固定装置，其特征在于，每个所述固定层的4组所述模拟耳部结构的虚拟面部朝向在水平方向上按顺序以45°夹角依次错开排布。
  8. 如权利要求 5所述的固定装置，其特征在于，所述固定装置的8组所述模拟耳部结构的虚拟面部朝向在水平方向上按顺序以45°夹角依次错开排布。
  9. 一种音频采集设备，其特征在于，包括：
    如权利要求1至8任一项权利要求所述的固定装置；以及
    放置于所述固定装置的模拟耳道口中的音频采集器。
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