WO2017177566A1 - 一种录音设备及固定装置 - Google Patents

一种录音设备及固定装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017177566A1
WO2017177566A1 PCT/CN2016/089845 CN2016089845W WO2017177566A1 WO 2017177566 A1 WO2017177566 A1 WO 2017177566A1 CN 2016089845 W CN2016089845 W CN 2016089845W WO 2017177566 A1 WO2017177566 A1 WO 2017177566A1
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Prior art keywords
simulated
face
fixing
ear
facial
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PCT/CN2016/089845
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张瑞博
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森声数字科技（深圳）有限公司
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Priority to US15/474,001 priority Critical patent/US9967669B2/en
Publication of WO2017177566A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017177566A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
    • H04R5/027—Spatial or constructional arrangements of microphones, e.g. in dummy heads
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/10527—Audio or video recording; Data buffering arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G11—INFORMATION STORAGE
    • G11B—INFORMATION STORAGE BASED ON RELATIVE MOVEMENT BETWEEN RECORD CARRIER AND TRANSDUCER
    • G11B20/00—Signal processing not specific to the method of recording or reproducing; Circuits therefor
    • G11B20/10—Digital recording or reproducing
    • G11B20/10527—Audio or video recording; Data buffering arrangements
    • G11B2020/10537—Audio or video recording
    • G11B2020/10592—Audio or video recording specifically adapted for recording or reproducing multichannel signals

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of audio recording, and in particular relates to a recording device and a fixing device.
  • the auricle, ear canal, skull, shoulders, etc. will refract, diffract and diffract the sound waves, and then conduct them to the eardrum, which is perceived by the brain nerves, which will be heard by the human ear.
  • the sound that comes into play has a certain effect; acoustically, using HRTF (Head Related Transfer Function, the head related transfer function) describes this effect, and as such, the human brain can empirically determine the position and distance from which the sound is emitted. Based on this, a more advanced simulation of human head recording technology has become more and more popular in the field of audio recording.
  • the simulated head recording technology is to place two miniature omnidirectional microphones in the ear canal of a dummy head that is almost identical to the real head, close to the position of the human eardrum, to simulate the whole process of hearing the human ear.
  • This dummy has a pinna, ear canal, skull, hair and shoulders, and even the skin and bones are made of the material closest to the human body. All of this is for one purpose: to simulate as realistically as possible the effects of all HRTFs that the human ear receives when hearing the sound.
  • the signals recorded by the two microphones should be equivalent to the sounds heard by the ears of the real person at the position of the dummy. All the effects of the HRTF during recording are recorded and can be reproduced and reproduced. The sound recorded in this way can almost perfectly restore the sound field of the recording place 360 degrees, as if the listener is in the recording place. Of course, playing with a speaker will also have a good stereo effect, but it can't be compared with the earphone, because during the speaker playback, the listener is affected by an HRTF, which interferes with the original HRTF information in the record.
  • VR Virtual Reality
  • the development and popularization of panoramic video technology using head tracking to change the perspective of the image, so that the user's visual system and the motion perception system are connected
  • the user can observe the presence through the movement of the head.
  • VR panoramic video equipment allows users to view video at any angle of 360°.
  • audio recording technology in panoramic video has also become a focus, while emulating human head recording technology VR panorama
  • the combination of video technology has become a new research direction.
  • the audio recording equipment used in the existing VR panoramic video technology has many limitations, not only the sound source is single, but also the sound quality is flat and has no stereoscopic effect, and the true sound field cannot be restored, and the requirements of the VR panoramic video technology for high-quality panoramic audio cannot be met.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a recording device, which aims to solve the problem that the audio recording device used in the existing VR panoramic video technology has a single sound source, and the sound quality is flat and has no stereoscopic effect, and the true sound field cannot be restored, and the VR panoramic video technology cannot be satisfied.
  • a recording device includes:
  • the fixing device having a first fixing structure and a second fixing structure for mounting an audio collector;
  • the first fixed structure includes a first simulated facial structure and a first simulated ear structure, the first ear structure simulating a mutual positional relationship between a human ear and a human face of the human head is disposed on the first simulated facial structure Both sides;
  • the second fixing structure includes a second simulated facial structure and a second simulated ear structure disposed on two sides of the second simulated facial structure, the second simulated facial structure and the first simulated facial structure are inverted from each other Means, and the second simulated ear structure and the second simulated face structure are disposed in an inverted manner;
  • the first simulated ear structure and the second simulated ear structure include a simulated ear canal for placement of the audio harvester.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a fixing device, wherein the fixing device has a first fixing structure and a second fixing structure for installing an audio collector;
  • the first fixed structure includes a first simulated facial structure and a first simulated ear structure, the first ear structure simulating a positional relationship between a human ear and a human face of the human head is disposed on the first simulated facial structure Both sides;
  • the second fixing structure includes a second simulated facial structure and a second simulated ear structure disposed on two sides of the second simulated facial structure, the second simulated facial structure and the first simulated facial structure are inverted from each other Means, and the second simulated ear structure and the second simulated face structure are disposed in an inverted manner;
  • the first simulated ear structure and the second simulated ear structure include a simulated ear canal for placement of the audio harvester.
  • the present invention provides a recording apparatus that cooperates with an audio collector provided on a fixture by a plurality of fixing devices, through a first fixed structure having a first simulated face structure and a first simulated ear structure, and having a second
  • the second fixed structure of the simulated facial structure and the second simulated ear structure enables the audio collectors provided in the ear canal of the first ear structure and the second ear structure to collect more sound sources and have a three-dimensional effect. Restores the best 720-degree panoramic sound field that simulates human head sound, meeting the requirements of VR panoramic video technology for the experience of high quality audio and immersive experience.
  • FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a recording apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a side view of a fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a top plan view of a fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural diagram of a recording apparatus having four fixing devices according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a top plan view of a fixing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a recording apparatus that cooperates with an audio collector provided on a fixture by a plurality of fixing devices, through a first fixed structure having a first simulated face structure and a first simulated ear structure, and having a second
  • the second fixed structure of the simulated facial structure and the second simulated ear structure enables the audio collectors provided in the ear canal of the first ear structure and the second ear structure to collect more sound sources and have a three-dimensional effect. Restores the best 720-degree panoramic sound field that simulates human head sound, meeting the requirements of VR panoramic video technology for the experience of high quality audio and immersive experience.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a recording apparatus, including:
  • the fixing device 10 has a first fixing structure 11 and a second fixing structure 12 on which the audio collector 20 is mounted, and the fixing device 10 is provided with two fixing structures for reducing the number of the recording device.
  • the first fixed structure 11 includes a first simulated facial structure 111 and a first simulated ear structure 112, wherein the first ear structure 112 simulates the mutual positional relationship between the human ear and the human face of the human head and is disposed on the first simulated facial structure.
  • the two sides of the 111 that is, the shape and positional arrangement relationship between the first ear structure 112 and the first simulated face structure 111 are made with reference to the shape and configuration of the normal human head.
  • the second fixed structure 12 includes a second simulated facial structure 121 and a second simulated ear structure 122 disposed on two sides of the second simulated facial structure 121. As shown in FIG.
  • the second simulated facial structure 121 and the first simulated facial structure 111 are disposed in an inverted manner
  • the second simulated ear structure 122 and the second simulated face structure 121 are disposed in an inverted manner.
  • the fixing device 10 has the first fixing structure 11 and the second fixing structure 12, so that it is inevitable to interfere with each other when recording audio, but since the structure of the human head is elliptical, the structure of the back of the head is convex and concave, and the face is positive.
  • the structure is exactly the opposite of the sound emitted from the rear due to the structural change of the back of the head, so the second simulated facial structure 121 is placed in an inverted manner with the first simulated facial structure 111 in order to conform to the principle of the structure of the head and back of the head. Design the solution to minimize the difference.
  • first fixed structure 11 and the second fixed structure 12 are dummy head models having an analog facial structure and a simulated ear structure, and the dummy head model may be a full-shaped dummy head structure, or only the first
  • An incomplete dummy head structure of a segment in which the fixed structure 11 and the second fixed structure 12 are located is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • a preferred dummy head model of the embodiment of the invention retains only the segments from the mouth to the eyebrows; this not only allows the fixture 10 to have a smaller height in the longitudinal direction, but also retains a major influence on the collected sound. Most of the false contours ensure the overall texture, stereoscopic and true reduction of the collected audio signals.
  • the dummy head model may be a simulated human head model or a dummy head model that is subjected to blurring and simplified processing, wherein the simulated human head model can make the collected audio signal more accurate and more targeted; and the fuzzy and simplified processed dummy head model By reducing the individual characteristics and making the false head contours average, the overall applicability can be improved.
  • the first simulated ear structure 112 and the second simulated ear structure 122 include a simulated ear canal for placing the audio collector 20, and the audio collector 20 is disposed on the first simulated ear structure 112 and The second simulated ear structure 122 is at the simulated ear canal.
  • the process of sound passing through the first fixed structure 11 of the fixing device 10 and the auricle, the outer ear and the ear canal on the second fixing device 12 to the eardrum is similar to the process of sound being transmitted to the human ear, that is, the device can imitate the sound from The effect of the human ear, the ear canal, the human skull, etc.
  • the audio collector 20 placed at the ear canal can collect the natural sound that is realistic and heard by the human ear.
  • the same audio information, rich texture, guarantees the stereoscopic and realism of the sound.
  • Two fixing structures namely the first fixing device 11 and the second fixing device 12, are provided by one fixing device 10.
  • the number of fixing devices 10 used is It is possible to reduce one-half, so that the size of the recording apparatus in the present invention is greatly reduced in height, and the distance between each fixing device and the sound source emission point due to the height problem is optimized, so that each fixing device is The difference in time delay is generated, and the sound recorded on the two fixtures having a long distance due to the difference in height between the respective fixing devices is prevented from having a significant volume difference, so that the collected audio signals are as close as possible to the same The effect of recording on the horizontal plane.
  • the simulated ear canal of the first simulated ear structure 112 and the simulated ear canal of the second simulated ear structure 122 are located on different sections of the fixture 10 to ensure placement thereon.
  • the horizontal planes of the audio collectors 20 in the ear canal are offset from each other, maximizing the effect of reducing the effect of one analog ear structure on the audio collected by the other audio collector.
  • the angle between the first analog face structure 111 and the face orientation of the second simulated face structure 121 can be set according to actual application requirements. However, in the present embodiment, preferably, the angle between the face orientation M of the first simulated face structure 111 and the face orientation N of the second simulated face structure 121 is 180 degrees.
  • the face orientation of the first simulated facial structure of each fixture is different, in order to allow the device to capture audio from various angles to enrich the source of the sound.
  • the fixing device 10 is arranged in a vertical manner in the vertical direction of the first simulated face structure 111, so as to simulate the head posture when the person naturally stands or stands.
  • the fixing device 10 supports the audio collector 20 recording in such an arrangement, so that the recorded audio can be well combined with the VR panoramic video technology, so that the recorded audio can satisfy the view of most people. Shadow demand.
  • the number of fixing devices is K (2 ⁇ K ⁇ 4), that is, the number of the fixing devices 10 is at least two, so that the source of the collected audio signals is more abundant.
  • the straight line of the center point of the top and bottom of the fixing device 10 serves as the central axis F of the fixing device 10, and the fixing devices are arranged such that the central axes F coincide with each other.
  • This can avoid the effect that the collected audio signals are as close as possible to being recorded in the same vertical direction or at one point due to the excessive spacing of the respective fixing devices 10 in the horizontal direction.
  • the number of fixing devices is four, and the first fixing device 101, the second fixing device 102, the third fixing device 103, and the Four fixtures 104.
  • the face of the first simulated face structure 1021 of the second fixing device faces in the horizontal direction with the face of the first simulated face structure 1011 of the first fixing device.
  • the angle of the first simulated face structure 1031 of the third fixing device is 45 degrees in the horizontal direction with the face orientation of the first simulated face structure 1021 of the second fixing device; the fourth fixing
  • the angle of the face of the first simulated face structure 1041 of the device toward the face of the first simulated face structure 1031 of the third fixing device is 45° in the horizontal direction; according to the above arrangement, the fourth fixing device can be obtained.
  • each set of audio collectors 20 includes a left collector and a right collector, so each fixture of the above recording device forms a central axis F as a central axis, with 8 face orientations
  • the central angles are evenly distributed so that the eight sets of audio collectors 20 can collect sounds uniformly distributed in a total of 16 directions.
  • the face of the first simulated face structure and the second simulated face structure between the respective fixing devices are shifted from each other in the horizontal direction around the central axis F, and in the projection of the horizontal plane, the above-mentioned face In the orientation, the angle between any two adjacent face orientations is a 2K equal angle of 360°.
  • the first simulated ear structure and the second simulated ear structure of each fixing device are also uniformly oriented in the respective horizontal directions around the central axis F, so that the corresponding audio collector 20 is uniformly arranged in the horizontal direction within 360 degrees.
  • the arrangement manner can cover the range of 360 degrees in the horizontal direction well and uniformly.
  • the device can uniformly capture the corresponding audio signals in more directions. It avoids the fact that some horizontal audio signals are not collected due to uneven layout, which makes it impossible to obtain enough sound sources to fully synchronize 360 degrees with the VR panoramic video.
  • the above invention provides a recording apparatus which is operated by a plurality of fixing devices in cooperation with an audio collector provided on the fixing device, and a first fixing structure having a first simulated face structure and a first simulated ear structure and having a second
  • the second fixed structure of the simulated facial structure and the second simulated ear structure enables the audio collectors in the simulated ear canal provided in the first simulated ear structure and the second simulated ear structure to have more abundant sound sources,
  • the three-dimensional sense, the sound quality is more realistic, can restore the real sound field, and the two sets of fixed structures on a fixed device not only make the device smaller, but also make the audio recording error smaller, satisfying the VR panoramic video technology for the experiencer to pursue high quality audio and The demand for a sense of experience.
  • the fixing device provided by the invention can be arranged in a stack, cooperates with an audio collector provided on the fixing device, and has a first fixed structure having a first simulated facial structure and a first simulated ear structure and has a second simulation
  • the facial structure and the second fixed structure of the second simulated ear structure enable the audio collectors disposed in the ear canal of the first ear structure and the second ear structure to collect more sound sources, have a three-dimensional sense, and have better sound quality. Realistic, it can restore the real sound field, and the two sets of fixed structures on one fixed device not only make the device smaller, but also make the recording error smaller, satisfying the experience of VR panoramic video technology for the experience of high quality audio and immersive experience. Feeling requirements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明适用于音频录制领域，提供了一种录音设备及固定装置，所述录音设备包括若干层叠排布的固定装置，固定装置上具有第一固定结构与第二固定结构；第一固定结构包括第一模拟面部结构及第一模拟耳部结构，第一耳部结构模拟人耳与人脸的相互位置关系设于第一模拟面部结构的两侧；第二固定结构包括第二模拟面部结构及第二模拟耳部结构，第二模拟面部结构与第一模拟面部结构以相互倒立的方式设置，且第二模拟耳部结构与第二模拟面部结构以相互倒立的方式设置；音频采集器设于第一模拟耳部结构与第二模拟耳部结构的模拟耳道口。

Description

一种录音设备及固定装置 技术领域
本发明属于音频录制领域，尤其涉及一种录音设备及固定装置。
 背景技术
人耳接收声波的过程中，耳廓、耳道、头盖骨、肩部等会对声波进行折射、绕射和衍射，之后再传导到耳鼓膜，被大脑神经所感知，这些都会对人耳所听到的声音造成一定的影响；在声学上，用HRTF（Head Related Transfer Function，头部相关传输函数）来描述这种影响，正因如此，人的大脑能根据经验判断出声音发出的方位和距离。基于此，近年来一种更为先进的仿真人头录音技术越来越受到音频录制领域的青睐，
简单地说，仿真人头录音技术就是把两个微型全指向性话筒安置在一个与真人头几乎一模一样的假人头的耳道内，接近人耳鼓膜的位置，以模拟人耳听到声音的整个过程。这个假人头有耳廓、耳道、头盖骨、头发和肩膀，甚至皮肤和骨头也是采用和人体最为接近的材料制造的。这一切都为了一个目的：尽可能真实地模拟人耳在听到声音时所受到的一切HRTF的影响。
这样两个话筒录制到的信号应该说就相当于一个在假人头所在位置的真人的双耳所听到的声音，录制过程中所有的HRTF的影响都被录制下来上，可以被还原重放出来，通过这种方式录制的声音就能几乎完美地将录音场所的音场360度还原出来，好像听者就处在录音场所中似的。当然播放时，用喇叭播放也会有不错的立体声效果，但无法跟耳机相比，因为在喇叭播放的过程中，听者又受到了一次HRTF的影响，干扰了唱片中原有的原始HRTF信息。
同时，随着VR（Virtual Reality，虚拟现实）全景视频技术的发展与普及，利用头部跟踪来改变图像的视角，使用户的视觉系统和运动感知系统之间建立起了联系，用户可以通过头部的运动去观察呈现在面前的场景。VR全景视频设备让用户可以以360°任意视角观看视频，为了使VR全景视频技术能够为用户带来立体感知体验，全景视频中的音频录制技术也成为一个焦点，而将仿真人头录音技术VR全景视频技术相结合则成了一个新的研究方向。
现有的VR全景视频技术所采用的音频录制设备具有较多局限，不但声音来源单一，而且音质扁平无立体感，不能还原真实声场，无法满足VR全景视频技术对高品质全景音频的要求。
 技术问题
本发明实施例提供一种录音设备，旨在解决现有的VR全景视频技术所采用的音频录制设备的声音来源单一，而且音质扁平无立体感，不能还原真实声场，无法满足VR全景视频技术对高品质全景音频的要求的问题。
 技术解决方案
本发明实施例是这样实现的，一种录音设备，包括：
若干相互层叠排布的固定装置，所述固定装置上具有安装音频采集器的第一固定结构与第二固定结构；
所述第一固定结构包括第一模拟面部结构及第一模拟耳部结构，所述第一耳部结构模拟人头部的人耳与人脸的相互位置关系设于所述第一模拟面部结构的两侧；
所述第二固定结构包括第二模拟面部结构及设于所述第二模拟面部结构两侧的第二模拟耳部结构，所述第二模拟面部结构与所述第一模拟面部结构以相互倒立的方式设置，且所述第二模拟耳部结构与所述第二模拟面部结构以相互倒立的方式设置；
所述第一模拟耳部结构与所述第二模拟耳部结构包括用于放置所述音频采集器的模拟耳道口。
本发明实施例还提供一种固定装置，所述固定装置上具有安装音频采集器的第一固定结构与第二固定结构；
所述第一固定结构包括第一模拟面部结构及第一模拟耳部结构，所述第一耳部结构模拟人头部的人耳与人脸的位置关系设于所述第一模拟面部结构的两侧；
所述第二固定结构包括第二模拟面部结构及设于所述第二模拟面部结构两侧的第二模拟耳部结构，所述第二模拟面部结构与所述第一模拟面部结构以相互倒立的方式设置，且所述第二模拟耳部结构与所述第二模拟面部结构以相互倒立的方式设置；
所述第一模拟耳部结构与所述第二模拟耳部结构包括用于放置所述音频采集器的模拟耳道口。
 有益效果
本发明提供了一种录音设备，由若干固定装置与设于固定装置上的音频采集器相配合工作，通过具有第一模拟面部结构与第一模拟耳部结构的第一固定结构及具有第二模拟面部结构与第二模拟耳部结构的第二固定结构，使设于第一耳部结构及第二耳部结构的耳道中的音频采集器所采集的声音来源更加丰富，更具有立体感，还原模拟人头声音的最佳720度全景声场，满足VR全景视频技术对体验者追求高品质音频和声临其境的体验感的要求。
 附图说明
图1是本发明实施例提供的录音设备结构图；
图2是本发明实施例提供的固定装置的侧视图；
图3是本发明实施例提供的固定装置的俯视图；
图4是本发明实施例提供的具有四个固定装置的的录音设备的结构图；
图5是本发明实施例提供的一种固定装置的俯视图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明提供了一种录音设备，由若干固定装置与设于固定装置上的音频采集器相配合工作，通过具有第一模拟面部结构与第一模拟耳部结构的第一固定结构及具有第二模拟面部结构与第二模拟耳部结构的第二固定结构，使设于第一耳部结构及第二耳部结构的耳道中的音频采集器所采集的声音来源更加丰富，更具有立体感，还原模拟人头声音的最佳720度全景声场，满足VR全景视频技术对体验者追求高品质音频和声临其境的体验感的要求。
如图1、图2所示，在本发明的一个实施例中，本发明实施例提供了一种录音设备，包括：
若干相互层叠排布的固定装置10，固定装置10上具有安装音频采集器20的第一固定结构11与第二固定结构12，固定装置10上设置两个固定结构目的是减少本录音设备中所需要的固定装置10的数量。
第一固定结构11包括第一模拟面部结构111及第一模拟耳部结构112，其中，第一耳部结构112模拟人头部的人耳与人脸的相互位置关系设于第一模拟面部结构111的两侧，即第一耳部结构112与第一模拟面部结构111的形状与位置排布关系参照正常人头部的形状与构造进行制作。第二固定结构12包括第二模拟面部结构121及设于第二模拟面部结构121两侧的第二模拟耳部结构122，如图2所示，第二模拟面部结构121与第一模拟面部结构111以相互倒立的方式设置，且第二模拟耳部结构122与第二模拟面部结构121以相互倒立的方式设置。固定装置10具有第一固定结构11与第二固定结构12，因此不可避免录制音频时会相互干扰，但是，因为人头结构是椭圆形的，后脑勺的结构是上凸下凹的，而正脸的结构正好相反从后方发射的声音因后脑勺的结构变化而产生细微的差别，因此将第二模拟面部结构121以与第一模拟面部结构111相互倒置的方式设置，是为了符合人头后脑勺结构的原理而设计的方案，从而将差别减少到最低。
可以理解地，这里的第一固定结构11与第二固定结构12为具有模拟面部结构与模拟耳部结构的假人头模型，该假人头模型可以是形状完整的假人头结构，或者是仅保留第一固定结构11与第二固定结构12所在的片段的不完整假人头结构，参照图1图、2所示。本发明实施例优选的一种假人头模型仅保留从嘴部到眉毛部位之间的片段；这样不但使固定装置10在纵向拥有较小的高度，同时又保留了对采集的声音起主要影响作用的大部分假轮廓，保证了所采集的音频信号的整体质感、立体感和真实还原度。
其中，假人头模型可以是仿真人头模型或者经过模糊、简化处理的假人头模型，其中仿真人头模型可以使采集的音频信号更精确、更具有针对性；而经过模糊、简化处理过的假人头模型通过降低个体特征，使假头部轮廓趋于平均水平，可提高整体适用性。
其中，所述第一模拟耳部结构112与所述第二模拟耳部结构122包括用于放置所述音频采集器20的模拟耳道口，音频采集器20设于第一模拟耳部结构112与第二模拟耳部结构122的模拟耳道口处。声音经过固定装置10的第一固定结构11与第二固定装置12上的耳廓、外耳、耳道，传导到耳鼓膜的过程类似于声音传入人耳的过程，即本设备可以模仿声音从人的耳廓、耳道、人的盖骨等对声波的折射、绕射和衍射的效果，从而使置于耳道口的音频采集器20能够采集到逼真的、与人耳听到的自然声音一样的音频信息，富有质感，保证了声音的立体感与真实度。
通过一个固定装置10设置两个固定结构，即第一固定装置11与第二固定装置12，这样做的话，当录音设备需要录制较多声道的音频时，所采用的固定装置10的数量便能够减少二分之一，从而使本发明中的录音设备在高度上的尺寸大幅度缩小，优化了因高度问题而造成的每个固定装置与声源发射点距离不同，使每个固定装置之间产生时间延迟差，避免了因各个固定装置之间的高度差造成的距离较远的两个固定装置上录制的声音具有明显的音量差，以使所采集到音频信号尽量接近于在同一个水平面上录制的效果。
在本发明的一个实施例中，参照图2，第一模拟耳部结构112的模拟耳道口与第二模拟耳部结构122的模拟耳道口位于固定装置10的不同截面上，以保证置于这两者的耳道口中的音频采集器20所在的水平面相互错开，最大化减小一方模拟耳部结构对另一方音频采集器采集音频的效果的影响。
如图3所示，在本发明的一个实施例中，同一个固定装置10中，第一模拟面部结构111与第二模拟面部结构121的面部朝向的夹角可以依据实际的应用需求来设定，但是本实施例中优选地，第一模拟面部结构111的面部朝向M与第二模拟面部结构121的面部朝向N的夹角为180度。
在本发明的一个实施例中，每个固定装置的第一模拟面部结构的面部朝向均不相同，目的是使设备可以从各个角度采集音频，使声音的来源更加丰富。
在本发明的一个实施例中，结合图1所示，固定装置10以第一模拟面部结构111在竖直方向上正立的方式排布，这样可以模拟人自然站立或坐立时的头部姿态，符合大多数人的坐姿，固定装置10以这样的排布方式支持音频采集器20录音，可以使录制的音频与VR全景视频技术较好地结合，可以使录制的音频满足大多数人的观影需求。
在本发明的一个实施例中，固定装置的数量为K（2≤K≤4），即固定装置10的数量至少有2个，使所采集的音频信号的来源更加丰富。
在本发明的一个实施例中，以固定装置10的顶部与底部的中心点所在直线作为固定装置10的中心轴F，各固定装置以中心轴F互相重合的方式排布。这样可以避免由于各个固定装置10在水平方向上的间距过大，使所采集到音频信号尽量接近于在同一个竖直方向上或一个点上录制的效果。使人们在体验VR观影时，在同一个位置上转动头部便可获得相应角度下最真实的人耳模拟声音，保证VR全景音画同步，现场还原声临其境的最佳全景音效。
结合图4所示，在本发明的一种实施例中，固定装置的数量为4个，且由下到上依次为第一固定装置101、第二固定装置102、第三固定装置103及第四固定装置104。
结合图4、图5所示，在本发明的实施例中，第二固定装置的第一模拟面部结构1021的面部朝向与第一固定装置的第一模拟面部结构1011的面部朝向在水平方向上的夹角为45°；第三固定装置的第一模拟面部结构1031的面部朝向与第二固定装置的第一模拟面部结构1021的面部朝向在水平方向上的夹角为45°；第四固定装置的第一模拟面部结构1041的面部朝向与第三固定装置的第一模拟面部结构1031的面部朝向在水平方向上的夹角为45°；按照上述的排布方式可以得到：第四固定装置的第一面部结构1041、第一固定装置的第二模拟面部结构1012、第二固定装置的第二模拟面部结构1022、第三固定装置的第二模拟面部结构1032、第四固定装置的第二模拟面部结构1042以及第一固定装置的第一模拟面部结构1011按照顺序，上述相邻的两者之间的夹角均为45°；即在360°范围内每隔45°就有一组音频采集器20，每组音频采集器20包括一个左采集器与一个右采集器，所以上述录音设备的各个固定装置便形成了中心轴F为中心轴，具有8个面部朝向将圆心角均分的排布，从而使8组音频采集器20可以采集共16个方向均匀分布的声音。
在本发明的一个实施例中，当进行音频采集时，且固定装置10的数量为K (2≤K≤4)，则各固定装置之间的第一模拟面部结构及第二模拟面部结构的面部朝向围绕中心轴F在水平方向上相互错开，且在水平面的投影中，上述的面部朝向中，任意两个相邻的面部朝向的夹角为360°的2K等分角。这样各个固定装置的第一模拟耳部结构与第二模拟耳部结构也围绕中心轴F均匀地朝向各个水平方向，使对应的音频采集器20在水平方向360度范围内形成均匀排布的状态，这样的排布方式能够较好地、均匀地覆盖水平方向360度的范围，随着固定装置10与音频采集器20数量的增加，本设备能够均匀地捕捉到较多方向上对应的音频信号，避免了由于排布不均造成有些水平方向上的音频信号未采集到，导致无法获得足够多的声音来源，无法与VR全景视频的画面进行360度完全同步。
上述发明提供了一种录音设备，由若干固定装置与设于固定装置上的音频采集器相配合工作，以及具有第一模拟面部结构与第一模拟耳部结构的第一固定结构及具有第二模拟面部结构与第二模拟耳部结构的第二固定结构，使设于第一模拟耳部结构及第二模拟耳部结构的模拟耳道口中的音频采集器所采集的声音来源更加丰富，具有立体感，音质更加逼真，能还原真实声场，同时一个固定装置上设置两组固定结构不但使设备体积更小，而且使音频录制误差更小，满足VR全景视频技术对体验者追求高品质音频和声临其境的体验感的要求。
本发明提供的固定装置，可层叠排布，与设于固定装置上的音频采集器相配合工作，以及具有第一模拟面部结构与第一模拟耳部结构的第一固定结构及具有第二模拟面部结构与第二模拟耳部结构的第二固定结构，使设于第一耳部结构及第二耳部结构的耳道中的音频采集器所采集的声音来源更加丰富，具有立体感，音质更加逼真，能还原真实声场，同时一个固定装置上设置两组固定结构不但使设备体积更小，而且使录制误差更小，满足VR全景视频技术对体验者追求高品质音频和声临其境的体验感的要求。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种录音设备，其特征在于，包括：
    多个相互层叠排布的固定装置，所述固定装置上具有安装音频采集器的第一固定结构与第二固定结构；
    所述第一固定结构包括第一模拟面部结构及第一模拟耳部结构，所述第一模拟耳部结构模拟人头部的人耳与人脸的位置关系设于所述第一模拟面部结构的两侧；
    所述第二固定结构包括第二模拟面部结构及设于所述第二模拟面部结构两侧的第二模拟耳部结构，所述第二模拟面部结构与所述第一模拟面部结构以相互倒立的方式设置，且所述第二模拟耳部结构与所述第二模拟面部结构以相互倒立的方式设置；
    所述第一模拟耳部结构与所述第二模拟耳部结构包括用于放置所述音频采集器的模拟耳道口。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的录音设备，其特征在于，所述第一模拟耳部结构的模拟耳道口与所述第二模拟耳部结构的模拟耳道口位于所述固定装置的不同横截面上。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的录音设备，其特征在于，在同一个所述固定装置中，所述第一模拟面部结构与所述第二模拟面部结构的面部朝向成180°角。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的录音设备，其特征在于，各所述固定装置的第一模拟面部结构的面部朝向不同。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的录音设备，其特征在于，所述固定装置以所述第一模拟面部结构在竖直方向上正立的方式排布。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的录音设备，其特征在于，所述固定装置的数量为K（2≤K≤4）。
  7. 如权利要求1、2、3、4、5或6任一项权利要求所述的录音设备，其特征在于，以所述固定装置的顶部与底部的中心点所在直线作为所述固定装置的中心轴，各所述固定装置以所述中心轴互相重合的方式排布。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的录音设备，其特征在于，所述固定装置的数量为4个，由下到上依次为第一固定装置、第二固定装置、第三固定装置及第四固定装置。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的录音设备，其特征在于，
    所述第二固定装置的第一模拟面部结构的面部朝向与所述第一固定装置的第一模拟面部结构的面部朝向在水平方向上的夹角为45°；
    所述第三固定装置的第一模拟面部结构的面部朝向与所述第二固定装置的第一模拟面部结构的面部朝向在水平方向上的夹角为45°；
    所述第四固定装置的第一模拟面部结构的面部朝向与所述第三固定装置的第一模拟面部结构的面部朝向在水平方向上的夹角为45°。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的录音设备，其特征在于，所述固定装置的数量为K (2≤K≤4)，当进行音频采集时，各所述固定装置之间的第一模拟面部结构及第二模拟面部结构的面部朝向围绕所述中心轴在水平方向上相互错开，且在水平面的投影中，任意两个相邻的所述面部朝向的夹角为360°的2K等分角。
  11. 一种固定装置，其特征在于，所述固定装置上具有安装音频采集器的第一固定结构与第二固定结构；
    所述第一固定结构包括第一模拟面部结构及第一模拟耳部结构，所述第一模拟耳部结构模拟人头部的人耳与人脸的位置关系设于所述第一模拟面部结构的两侧；
    所述第二固定结构包括第二模拟面部结构及设于所述第二模拟面部结构两侧的第二模拟耳部结构，所述第二模拟面部结构与所述第一模拟面部结构以相互倒立的方式设置，且所述第二模拟耳部结构与所述第二模拟面部结构以相互倒立的方式设置；
    所述第一模拟耳部结构与所述第二模拟耳部结构包括用于放置所述音频采集器的模拟耳道口。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的固定装置，其特征在于，所述第一模拟面部结构与所述第二模拟面部结构的面部朝向成180°角。
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