WO2018020895A1 - Appareil à tubes à rayons x et appareil à rayons x ct - Google Patents

Appareil à tubes à rayons x et appareil à rayons x ct Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018020895A1
WO2018020895A1 PCT/JP2017/022294 JP2017022294W WO2018020895A1 WO 2018020895 A1 WO2018020895 A1 WO 2018020895A1 JP 2017022294 W JP2017022294 W JP 2017022294W WO 2018020895 A1 WO2018020895 A1 WO 2018020895A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ray
anode
ray tube
bearing
thrust bearing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2017/022294
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
良規 森戸
Original Assignee
株式会社日立製作所
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社日立製作所 filed Critical 株式会社日立製作所
Publication of WO2018020895A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018020895A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus for radiation diagnosis, e.g. combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02—Devices for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/03—Computerised tomographs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/10—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for axial load mainly
    • F16C19/12—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for axial load mainly for supporting the end face of a shaft or other member, e.g. footstep bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/14—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/16—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for both radial and axial load with a single row of balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/32—Balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/62—Selection of substances
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
    • H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes

Definitions

  • Rotating anode X-ray tube device that rotates a disk-shaped anode is used for the X-ray tube device used in the X-ray CT apparatus.
  • Rotating bearings that rotatably support the anode are usually arranged at two locations at a predetermined distance in the direction of the rotating shaft portion.
  • the rotary bearing has an inner ring provided on the rotary shaft part, an outer ring provided on the inner surface of the fixed part, and a bearing ball sandwiched between the inner ring and the outer ring. In order for the rotary bearing to rotate smoothly and stably, it is desirable that the clearance between the bearing ball, the inner ring, and the outer ring be maintained in an appropriate range.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses that the bearing ball of the rotary bearing is made of ceramic, and that an ion nitride layer is formed on the raceway surfaces of the inner ring and the outer ring, thereby improving the wear resistance of the rotary bearing. Yes. Also, it is possible to ensure conductivity by coating the bearing balls and the raceways of the inner and outer rings with a metal such as silver, copper, or lead, or by mixing steel in the ceramic bearing balls. It is disclosed.
  • Patent Document 1 when all the bearing balls are made of ceramic, conductivity cannot be ensured due to progress of peeling of the coated metal. When ceramic bearing balls and steel bearing balls are mixed, the rotation of the rotary bearing becomes unstable as the wear of the steel bearing balls progresses.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide an X-ray tube apparatus having a structure capable of reducing wear of a rotary bearing while ensuring conductivity, and to provide an X-ray CT apparatus equipped with the X-ray tube apparatus. is there.
  • the radial bearing disposed along the circumference of the rotary shaft portion is made of ceramic.
  • the thrust bearing disposed on the bottom surface of the rotating shaft portion is made of metal, and the rotating shaft portion has a conducting portion that electrically connects the anode and the thrust bearing.
  • the present invention relates to an anode that emits X-rays when irradiated with an electron beam, a rotary shaft connected to the anode, and a rotary bearing that rotatably supports the rotary shaft.
  • the rotary bearing includes a radial bearing disposed on an outer periphery of the rotary shaft portion and a thrust bearing disposed on a bottom surface of the rotary shaft portion, and the radial bearing Is an X-ray tube device, wherein the thrust bearing is made of metal, and the rotating shaft portion has a conducting portion that electrically connects the anode and the thrust bearing.
  • the present invention also includes the X-ray tube device, an X-ray detector that is disposed opposite to the X-ray tube device and detects X-rays transmitted through the subject, the X-ray tube device, and the X-ray detector.
  • a rotating disk that is mounted and rotates around the subject, an image reconstruction device that reconstructs a tomographic image of the subject based on transmitted X-ray doses from a plurality of angles detected by the X-ray detector, and the image
  • An X-ray CT apparatus comprising: an image display device that displays a tomographic image reconstructed by a reconstruction device.
  • an X-ray tube apparatus having a structure capable of reducing wear of a rotary bearing while ensuring conductivity, and to provide an X-ray CT apparatus equipped with the X-ray tube apparatus It becomes.
  • the block diagram which shows the whole structure of the X-ray CT apparatus 1 of this invention The figure which shows the whole structure of the X-ray tube apparatus 101 of this invention
  • electrical_connection part 301A of the 1st Embodiment of this invention The figure which shows the conduction
  • the conducting part is constituted by a liquid metal filled in a hollow part provided in the rotating shaft part.
  • An X-ray CT apparatus includes an X-ray source that irradiates a subject with X-rays, an X-ray detector that is disposed opposite to the X-ray source and detects X-rays transmitted through the subject, An image reconstruction for reconstructing a tomographic image of a subject based on a rotating disk mounted with the X-ray source and the X-ray detector and rotating around the subject, and a transmitted X-ray dose detected by the X-ray detector. And an image display device that displays a tomographic image reconstructed by the image reconstruction device, wherein the X-ray source is the X-ray tube device.
  • the scan gantry unit 100 includes an X-ray tube device 101, a rotating disk 102, a collimator 103, an X-ray detector 106, a data collection device 107, a bed 105, a gantry control device 108, and a bed control device 109.
  • the X-ray tube device 101 is a device that irradiates a subject placed on a bed 105 with X-rays. The configuration of the X-ray tube apparatus 101 will be described later with reference to FIG.
  • the collimator 103 is a device that limits the radiation range of X-rays emitted from the X-ray tube device 101.
  • the rotating disk 102 includes an opening 104 through which a subject placed on a bed 105 enters, an X-ray tube apparatus 101 and an X-ray detector 106, and the X-ray tube apparatus 101 and the X-ray detector 106. Is rotated around the subject.
  • the console 120 includes an input device 121, an image calculation device 122, a display device 125, a storage device 123, and a system control device 124.
  • the input device 121 is a device for inputting a subject's name, examination date and time, imaging conditions, and the like, specifically a keyboard or a pointing device.
  • the image calculation device 122 is a device that reconstructs a tomographic image by calculating the measurement data sent from the data collection device 107.
  • X-ray irradiation from the X-ray tube apparatus 101 and transmission X-ray distribution measurement by the X-ray detector 106 are repeated along with the rotation of the rotating disk 102, whereby projection data from various angles is acquired.
  • the acquired projection data from various angles is transmitted to the image calculation device 122.
  • the image calculation device 122 reconstructs a tomographic image by backprojecting the transmitted projection data from various angles.
  • the tomographic image obtained by reconstruction is displayed on the display device 125.
  • the X-ray tube 210 includes a cathode 211 that generates an electron beam, an anode 212 to which a positive potential is applied to the cathode 211, and an envelope 213 that holds the cathode 211 and the anode 212 in a vacuum atmosphere.
  • Electrons emitted from the cathode 211 are accelerated by a voltage applied between the cathode and the anode and become an electron beam 216.
  • X-rays 217 are generated from the X-ray focal point.
  • the energy of the generated X-ray is determined by the voltage applied between the cathode and the anode, so-called tube voltage.
  • the dose of X-rays generated is determined by the amount of electrons emitted from the cathode, the so-called tube current and the tube voltage.
  • the rotation axis of the anode 212 is referred to as a rotation axis 219 using the reference numeral 219.
  • the rotating body support unit 215 drives the magnetic field generated by the excitation coil 214 as a rotational driving force.
  • the X-ray focal point where the electron beam 216 collides always moves, so that the temperature of the X-ray focal point can be kept lower than the melting point of the target, and the anode 212 can be overheated and melted. Can be prevented.
  • the rotating cylindrical portion 302 has a cylindrical shape, and a fixed portion 300 and a rotating shaft portion 301 are disposed inside the rotating cylindrical portion 302.
  • the rotating cylindrical portion 302 rotates around the rotating shaft 219 using the magnetic field generated by the exciting coil 214 as a driving force.
  • the anode 212 and the rotating shaft portion 301 connected to the rotating cylindrical portion 302 rotate. That is, in the X-ray tube apparatus 101, the rotating cylindrical portion 302, the anode 212, and the rotating shaft portion 301 are rotating bodies.
  • the radial bearings 303a and 303b are arranged at two locations on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 301 and separated by a predetermined distance in the direction of the rotating shaft 219.
  • a spacer 305 which is a cylindrical spacer, is disposed between the radial bearings 303a and 303b. Since the radial bearing 303a and the radial bearing 303b are only different in position and orientation and have the same structure, only the structure of the radial bearing 303b will be described below with reference to FIG.
  • FIG. 3 (b) is an enlarged view of a dotted line square portion of the radial bearing 303b in FIG. 3 (a).
  • the radial bearing 303b has an inner ring 303b-1, a bearing ball 303b-2, and an outer ring 303b-3.
  • the inner ring 303b-1 is an arc-shaped groove formed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 301.
  • the outer ring 303b-3 is an annular member having an arc-shaped groove on the inner side, and is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the fixed portion 300.
  • the outer ring 303b-3 is concentric with the rotating shaft 301 and is disposed so that the grooves of the inner ring 303b-1 and the outer ring 303b-3 face each other.
  • a plurality of bearing balls 303b-2 are arranged along the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 301 between the inner ring 303b-1 and the outer ring 303b-3. As the rotation shaft 301, that is, the inner ring 303b-1, rotates, the plurality of bearing balls 303b-2 rotate, so that the rotation shaft 301 is rotatably supported by the fixed portion 300.
  • the rotation-side raceway surface 304-1 is an arc-shaped groove formed on the bottom surface of a metal disk disposed on the bottom surface of the rotation shaft portion 301.
  • the fixed-side raceway surface 304-3 is an arc-shaped groove formed on the bottom surface of the fixed portion 300, and is formed to face the rotation-side raceway surface 304-1.
  • a plurality of bearing balls 304-2 are disposed between the rotation-side raceway surface 304-1 and the fixed-side raceway surface 304-3.
  • a plurality of bearing balls 304-2 rotate with the rotation of the rotating shaft 301, that is, the rotation-side raceway surface 304-1 so that the rotating shaft 301 is rotatably supported with respect to the fixed portion 300. .
  • a soft metal lubricant is applied between the bearing balls 304-2, the rotation-side raceway surface 304-1 and the fixed-side raceway surface 304-3 in order to reduce friction caused by rotation.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the rotating body support 215.
  • the heat flow path is indicated by a solid line arrow
  • the current path is indicated by a dotted line arrow
  • the thickness of the solid line arrow indicates the amount of heat flowing
  • the ceramic part is indicated by a shade.
  • a preload spring 400 may be provided between the thrust bearing 304 and the fixed portion 300 to keep a gap in the rotary bearing appropriately.
  • the arc-shaped groove formed on the bottom surface of the metal disk disposed between the preload spring 400 and the bearing ball 304-2 becomes the fixed-side raceway surface 304-3. .
  • the ceramic rotating shaft portion 302 Most of the heat generated in the anode 212 is shielded by the ceramic rotating shaft portion 302 and flows from the surface of the anode 212 and the rotating cylindrical portion 302 to the envelope 213 by radiation. Further, the remaining heat is conducted to the fixed portion 300 via the radial bearings 303a and 303b. Further, a small amount of remaining heat is conducted to the fixed portion 300 via the thrust bearing 304 located farther from the anode 212 than the radial bearings 303a and 303b. Accordingly, the thrust bearing 304 and the soft metal lubricant applied to the thrust bearing 304 can reduce the influence of heat.
  • the electrons irradiated on the anode 212 cannot flow to the outside of the X-ray tube apparatus 101 via the radial bearings 303a and 303b, but are thrust bearings 304, preload springs 400, and fixed parts 300 via the conduction part 301A. It is possible to flow to the outside of the X-ray tube device 101 through the path. That is, a current flows through a path of the fixed portion 300, the preload spring 400, the thrust bearing 304, the conducting portion 301A, and the anode 212.
  • the conducting portion 301A shown in FIG. 5 is a metal elastic body, for example, a metal spring having a spiral shape.
  • the conductive portion 301A can absorb the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the conductive portion 301A made of metal and the rotating shaft portion 301 made of ceramic.
  • the conducting portion 301A is connected to the anode 212 that is at a high temperature, a heat-resistant material such as tungsten, tantalum, or a nickel-based alloy is desirable. Furthermore, in order to reduce the amount of heat conducted through the conducting portion 301A, it is preferable to increase the number of turns of the spring as much as possible and lengthen the heat flow path to the thrust bearing 304.
  • FIG. 5 shows an example of a metal spring having a spiral shape
  • the conducting portion 301A may be a metal elastic body and may be a leaf spring.
  • the radial bearings 303a and 303b are made of ceramic
  • the thrust bearing 304 is made of metal
  • a part of the rotary shaft 301 which is mostly made of ceramic, is made of a metal that is elongated in the direction of the rotary shaft 219.
  • the radial bearings 303a and 303b which are subjected to a large load, are made of ceramics having excellent wear resistance due to the fact that the central axis of the rotary disk 102 of the X-ray CT apparatus 1 and the rotary shaft 219 are parallel. The life of the tube apparatus 101 can be extended. Further, by making the radial bearings 303a and 303b made of ceramic having excellent heat resistance, the radial bearings 303a and 303b can be disposed in the vicinity of the anode 212.
  • the radial bearing 303a, 303b, 303b can be driven stably.
  • the conducting portion 301A is a metal elastic body, for example, a metal spring having a spiral shape.
  • the conducting part 301A is made of liquid metal.
  • a conducting portion 301A is configured by providing a cylindrical hollow portion along the rotating shaft 219 at the center of the rotating shaft portion 301 and enclosing a liquid metal in the hollow portion.
  • the liquid metal used in the present embodiment desirably has a small volume change due to phase transition, and for example, a gallium / indium / tin alloy is used.
  • the conductivity between the anode 212 and the thrust bearing 304 is ensured by the conducting portion 301A made of a liquid metal.
  • both the ceramic rotating shaft 301 and the conducting part 301A made of a gallium / indium / tin alloy have a small volume change, so the generated thermal stress Is slight.
  • the radial bearings 303a and 303b are made of ceramic, wear of the rotary bearing can be reduced.
  • FIG. 9 A third embodiment will be described while comparing FIG. 9 with FIG.
  • a part of the ceramic rotating shaft 301 is constituted by a conducting portion 301A made of metal.
  • a part of the ceramic rotating shaft 301 is constituted by the ceramic heat insulating member 900 while keeping the conducting portion 301A as it is.
  • a ceramic heat insulating member 900 is provided between the anode 212 and the rotary shaft portion 301 or between the rotary shaft portion 301 and the saddle thrust bearing 304, so that the rotary bearing, particularly the thrust bearing. Heat inflow to 304 can be significantly reduced.

Abstract

Cet appareil à tube à rayons X (101) comporte : une électrode positive (212) qui émet un rayon X lorsqu'elle est irradiée avec un faisceau d'électrons; une partie d'axe de rotation (301) qui est connecté à l'électrode positive (212); et un palier de rotation qui supporte de manière rotative la partie d'axe de rotation (301). Le palier de rotation comprend : un palier radial (303) qui est disposé sur la circonférence extérieure de la partie d'axe de rotation et un palier de butée (304) qui est disposé sur la surface inférieure de la partie d'axe de rotation Le palier radial (303a, 303b) est formé à partir d'une céramique, tandis que le palier de butée (304) est formé à partir d'un métal. La partie d'axe de rotation (301) est apte à réduire l'usure du palier de rotation, tout en assurant une conductivité électrique en ayant une partie de conduction (301A) qui connecte électriquement l'électrode positive (212) et le palier de butée (304) l'un à l'autre. Un appareil de tomodensitométrie (CT) à rayons X est équipé de cet appareil à tube à rayons X (101).
PCT/JP2017/022294 2016-07-27 2017-06-16 Appareil à tubes à rayons x et appareil à rayons x ct WO2018020895A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016146851A JP2018018642A (ja) 2016-07-27 2016-07-27 Ｘ線管装置及びｘ線ｃｔ装置
JP2016-146851 2016-07-27

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Publication Number Publication Date
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110137061A (zh) * 2019-05-31 2019-08-16 麦默真空技术无锡有限公司 一种耐高温x射线ct管

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7244149B1 (ja) * 2022-09-29 2023-03-22 オルファ株式会社 フィルム切断用円形刃

Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56144465U (fr) * 1980-03-31 1981-10-31
JPS5951442U (ja) * 1982-09-28 1984-04-04 株式会社島津製作所 回転陽極ｘ線管
JPH06176720A (ja) * 1992-01-24 1994-06-24 Toshiba Corp 回転陽極型ｘ線管
JPH09115467A (ja) * 1995-09-28 1997-05-02 Siemens Ag Ｘ線管
JP2016133130A (ja) * 2015-01-15 2016-07-25 株式会社ジェイテクト 軸受装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10106461A (ja) * 1996-09-30 1998-04-24 Shimadzu Corp 回転陽極形ｘ線管球
US5991361A (en) * 1998-01-26 1999-11-23 General Electric Company Bearing assembly for X-ray tube
CA2402360A1 (fr) * 2000-01-06 2001-07-12 Lexicon Genetics Incorporated Nouvelles proteases humaines et polynucleotides codant ces dernieres
JP2003077412A (ja) * 2001-08-31 2003-03-14 Toshiba Corp 回転陽極型ｘ線管

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56144465U (fr) * 1980-03-31 1981-10-31
JPS5951442U (ja) * 1982-09-28 1984-04-04 株式会社島津製作所 回転陽極ｘ線管
JPH06176720A (ja) * 1992-01-24 1994-06-24 Toshiba Corp 回転陽極型ｘ線管
JPH09115467A (ja) * 1995-09-28 1997-05-02 Siemens Ag Ｘ線管
JP2016133130A (ja) * 2015-01-15 2016-07-25 株式会社ジェイテクト 軸受装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110137061A (zh) * 2019-05-31 2019-08-16 麦默真空技术无锡有限公司 一种耐高温x射线ct管

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