WO2018014755A1 - 一种厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法 - Google Patents

一种厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法 Download PDF

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WO2018014755A1
WO2018014755A1 PCT/CN2017/092433 CN2017092433W WO2018014755A1 WO 2018014755 A1 WO2018014755 A1 WO 2018014755A1 CN 2017092433 W CN2017092433 W CN 2017092433W WO 2018014755 A1 WO2018014755 A1 WO 2018014755A1
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fermentation
compost
organic matter
aerobic
kitchen waste
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王超军
欧阳春平
张佳源
杨彪
梁嘉华
吴尚轩
曾祥斌
蔡彤旻
黄险波
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Kingfa Science and Technology Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00—Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • C05F9/04—Biological compost
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F5/00—Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant or similar wastes or residues, e.g. from waste originating from industrial processing of raw material of agricultural origin or derived products thereof
    • C05F5/002—Solid waste from mechanical processing of material, e.g. seed coats, olive pits, almond shells, fruit residue, rice hulls
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses

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  • the invention relates to the field of cleaning and treating organic solid waste, in particular to a method for constructing aerobic compost of kitchen waste organic matter.
  • Membrane-covered high-temperature aerobic fermentation process is a process of fermenting a special waterproof and breathable membrane as an aerobic fermentation treatment cover.
  • the core of the process is a waterproof and breathable membrane with special micropores. Its semi-permeable function enables a relatively constant climatic environment, allowing water vapor and carbon dioxide to diffuse out through the microporous structure of the membrane and block hydrogen sulfide and ammonia. Harmful gases such as gas pass. Under the action of blasting, a micro-high pressure inner cavity can be formed in the fermentation body to make the oxygen supply of the heap uniform and uniform, and the temperature distribution is uniform.
  • a suitable small environment is constructed for aerobic fermentation, and the inside and outside of the fermentation reactor membrane are maintained. The airflow is balanced to ensure that the aerobic fermentation is carried out more thoroughly and thoroughly, and the pathogenic microorganisms are effectively killed to ensure the level of hygiene of the fermented material.
  • the process of film covering high temperature aerobic fermentation process for treating kitchen organic matter includes three major steps: pretreatment process, fermentation process and post-treatment process.
  • Pretreatment refers to sorting, crushing, blending conditioning agents, and regenerating strains according to the nature of the organic materials and the fermentation requirements.
  • the fermentation process refers to stacking the pretreated materials into strips and covering the waterproof and breathable membranes, intelligently controlling the aerobic fermentation process of the materials, and supplying sufficient oxygen to the materials through the air blowers and the ventilation pipes below the piles.
  • the oxygen content, temperature and water content of the reactor are measured by oxygen, temperature and moisture content sensors, fed back to the control system, and the ventilation volume is adjusted by the control system to optimize the oxygen content, temperature and water content in the reactor.
  • the fermentation process is divided into primary fermentation and secondary fermentation.
  • the primary fermentation is generally 3 to 5 weeks. After the heap is turned over, the secondary fermentation is carried out. The purpose of the fermentation is to make the fermentation more uniform and sufficient.
  • the post-treatment process refers to the processing, storage and other operations of the material after the material is fully decomposed.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing aerobic compost of kitchen waste organic matter, which is constructed before the crushing, mixing, transporting, etc.
  • the treatment process reduces the investment in fixed assets and plant, minimizes odor pollution and environmental pollution; and builds a conditioner by laying a conditioner and mixing with the organic matter of the kitchen waste, so that the pile after construction has better porosity. It is conducive to air circulation, which makes the aerobic composting process evenly fermented, improves the quality of compost products, and shortens the composting cycle.
  • a method for building a heap of organic matter aerobic compost comprising the following steps:
  • the thickness of the conditioning agent is 4 cm to 40 cm.
  • the conditioning agent is obtained by pulverizing one or more selected from the group consisting of garden garbage, branches, straw, tea stems and sugar cane stems to 0.5 cm to 20 cm.
  • the conditioning agent has a low moisture content, a low density, and is easily degraded.
  • the conditioning agent can support and form a void, so that oxygen can diffuse to every corner of the stack.
  • the thickness of the conditioning agent When the thickness of the conditioning agent is too thin, there is not enough supporting effect, there is still insufficient oxygen between the kitchen organic matter, and the odor is generated, and the fermentation time is too long; and when the thickness of the conditioning agent is too thick, the kitchen waste is The amount of organic matter processed is reduced, and the input cost is too high.
  • step 2) and step 3 the volume ratio of the kitchen organic matter to the conditioning agent is 1:10-10:1.
  • the pile height of the pile is 1.3 meters to 3.5 meters, the purpose is to achieve a certain treatment scale and obtain a better fermentation effect.
  • the pile height of the pile is less than 1.3 meters, the processing amount of the mixture of kitchen waste organic matter is reduced, and the heat dissipation of the pile body is fast, and sufficient fermentation temperature cannot be reached;
  • the pile height of the pile is more than 3.5 meters, the material is piled up. High causes the lower material to be dense, which is not conducive to internal air circulation, and the aerobic fermentation effect is poor.
  • the fermentation temperature of the aerobic fermentation is 55 ° C - 80 ° C, using intermittent blast, the air volume is 33 m 3 /min - 37 m 3 /min; the blast time in one blast cycle is 30 seconds - 3 minutes and the rest time is 1 minute - 20 minutes.
  • the fermentation temperature of the secondary aerobic fermentation is 55 ° C - 80 ° C, using intermittent blast, the air volume is 33 m 3 /min - 37 m 3 /min; the blast time in a blast cycle It is 30 seconds - 3 minutes and the rest time is 1 minute - 20 minutes.
  • the invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the method for constructing the aerobic compost of the kitchen organic matter of the invention eliminates the pre-treatment processes such as crushing, mixing and transporting, reduces the investment of fixed assets and factory buildings, and minimizes odor pollution and environmental pollution.
  • the method for constructing the aerobic compost of the kitchen organic matter of the invention directly lays the conditioning agent in the composting tank and mixes with the organic matter of the kitchen waste, so that the pile after the pile has better porosity and is favorable to the air. Circulation, so that the aerobic composting process is evenly fermented, the quality of the compost product is improved, and the composting cycle is shortened.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a method for constructing aerobic compost of kitchen organic matter according to the present invention.
  • a method for building a heap of organic matter aerobic compost comprising the following steps:
  • the conditioning agent is obtained by pulverizing one or more selected from the group consisting of garden garbage, branches, straw, tea stems, and sugar cane stems to 10 cm;
  • the conditioning agent is obtained by pulverizing one or more selected from garden garbage, branches, straw, tea stems, and sugar cane stems to 10 cm;
  • the volume ratio of the kitchen waste organic matter to the conditioning agent is 1:1;
  • a method for building a heap of organic matter aerobic compost comprising the following steps:
  • the conditioning agent is obtained by pulverizing one or more selected from the group consisting of garden garbage, branches, straw, tea stems, and sugar cane stems to 5 cm;
  • the conditioner is pulverized to one or more kinds selected from garden garbage, branches, straw, tea stems, and sugar cane stems to 5 cm.
  • the volume ratio of the kitchen organic matter to the conditioning agent is 1:5;
  • the fermentation temperature of the second aerobic fermentation is 65 ° C, using intermittent blast, blast volume It is 35m 3 /min; the blasting time is 2 minutes and the stopping time is 5 minutes in one blast cycle, and the composting is obtained in the second aerobic fermentation for 10 days; the obtained compost quality is high.
  • a method for building a heap of organic matter aerobic compost comprising the following steps:
  • the conditioning agent is obtained by pulverizing one or more selected from the group consisting of garden garbage, branches, straw, tea stems, and sugar cane stems to 0.5 cm;
  • the conditioner is pulverized to one or more kinds selected from garden garbage, branches, straw, tea stems, and sugar cane stems to 0.5 cm. Obtained; the volume ratio of the kitchen waste organic matter to the conditioning agent is 1:10;
  • a method for building a heap of organic matter aerobic compost comprising the following steps:
  • the conditioning agent is obtained by pulverizing one or more selected from the group consisting of garden garbage, branches, straw, tea stems, and sugar cane stems to 20 cm;
  • the kitchen waste organic matter is laid on the above-mentioned paved conditioning agent, the volume ratio of the kitchen waste organic matter to the conditioning agent is 10:1;
  • the conditioner is pulverized to one or more kinds selected from garden garbage, branches, straw, tea stems, and sugar cane stems to 20 cm.
  • the volume ratio of the kitchen waste organic matter to the conditioning agent is 10:1;
  • step 7) and step 8) were reversed. Others were the same as in Example 1, the composting time was 51 days, the entire fermentation process time was extended by 7 days, and the compost quality obtained was obtained.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法：1)在堆肥槽内铺设一层调理剂；2)将厨余有机物铺设在调理剂上；3)再在上述厨余有机物上铺设一层调理剂；4)重复步骤2)、3)，得到混合物料；5)将得到的混合物料堆成条堆；6)将物料堆满堆肥槽的整条槽后，铺盖防水透气膜；7)插入传感器，开启通风，开始一次好氧发酵20-40天后，得到发酵残余物；8)将发酵残余物转运至另一条槽后，重复步骤5)和6)，开始二次好氧发酵7-20天即得。本发明的建堆方法在堆肥槽内铺设调理剂，并与厨余有机物混合建堆，使得堆体具有更好的孔隙率，有利于空气流通，从而使得好氧堆肥过程发酵均匀，提高了堆肥品质，缩短了堆肥周期。

Description

一种厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法 技术领域
本发明涉及有机固体废弃物清洁处理领域，特别涉及一种厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法。
背景技术
膜覆盖高温好氧发酵工艺是将一种特制防水透气膜作为好氧发酵处理覆盖物进行发酵的工艺。该工艺核心是一种具有特制微孔的防水透气膜，其半渗透功能能够实现一个较恒定的气候环境，使得水蒸气和二氧化碳能够借助膜的微孔结构扩散出去，并阻断硫化氢、氨气等有害气体通过。在鼓风的作用下，在发酵体内能够形成一个微高压内腔，使堆体供氧均匀充分，温度分布均匀，为好氧发酵构建了一个适宜的小环境，维持了发酵堆体膜内外的气流平衡，保证好氧发酵进行得更加充分彻底，致病性微生物得到有效杀灭，以确保发酵物的卫生化水平。
膜覆盖高温好氧发酵工艺处理厨余有机物的工艺流程包括三大环节：预处理过程、发酵过程、后处理过程。预处理是指根据厨余有机物的性质和发酵要求，分别对其进行分选、破碎、掺混调理剂、回料菌种等。发酵过程是指将预处理的物料堆成条堆，并覆盖防水透气膜，智能控制物料好氧发酵过程，通过鼓风机和条堆下方的通风管给物料充分供氧。通过氧气、温度、含水率传感器测定堆体氧气含量、温度和含水率，反馈给控制系统，并通过控制系统调节通风量，使堆体内的氧气含量、温度、含水率处于最佳状态。发酵过程分为一次发酵和二次发酵，一次发酵一般为3～5周，然后对堆体翻堆后，进行二次发酵，翻堆目的是为了使发酵更均匀，充分。后处理过程是指在物料充分腐熟后，对物料进行加工、存储等操作。
但是，在预处理环节中，对厨余有机物进行分选、破碎、掺混调理剂、回料、菌种等工序，需要在较大的空间内反复转运，而又不可能完全密闭，从而产生严重的臭气污染。
“臭气问题”是近年来世界上堆肥工厂失败的首要原因，在现代社会，随着 人口的增加和城市化的加速，人们越来越珍惜自己周围的空气质量，对周围工厂排放的臭气不再容忍。而防止或解决“臭气问题”需要高昂的除臭费用和厂房设备投资、运营成本的投入，这些因素都限制了膜覆盖高温好氧发酵工艺在厨余有机物处理行业的推广应用。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的缺点和不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法，该厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法省却了破碎、混料、转运等前处理工序，减少了固定资产和厂房投资，最大程度降低了臭气污染以及环境污染；且通过铺设调理剂，并与厨余有机物混合建堆，使得建堆后的堆体具有更好的孔隙率，有利于空气流通，从而使得好氧堆肥过程发酵均匀，提高了堆肥产物的品质，并缩短了堆肥周期。
本发明采用以下技术方案来实现本发明的目的：
一种厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法，包括如下步骤：
1)在堆肥槽内铺设一层调理剂；
2)将厨余有机物铺设在上述铺好的调理剂上；
3)再在上述厨余有机物上铺设一层调理剂；
4)重复步骤2)和步骤3)，得到混合物料；
5)将得到的混合物料堆成条堆；
6)将物料堆满堆肥槽的整条槽后，铺盖防水透气膜；
7)插入传感器，开启通风，开始一次好氧发酵，一次好氧发酵20天-40天后，得到发酵残余物；
8)将发酵残余物转运至另一条槽后，重复步骤5)和步骤6)，开始二次好氧发酵，二次好氧发酵7天-20天即得腐熟的堆肥。
其中，步骤1)和步骤3)中，所述调理剂的厚度为4cm-40cm。其中，所述调理剂是将选自园林垃圾、树枝、秸秆、茶叶梗、甘蔗梗中的一种或几种粉碎至0.5cm-20cm得到的。所述调理剂的水分含量低，密度小，易降解，在与厨余有机物混合时该调理剂能够起到支撑作用并形成空隙，使氧气能够扩散到堆体的每个角落。当调理剂的厚度过薄，起不到足够的支撑作用，厨余有机物间仍然存在氧气不足，会发出臭味，且发酵时间过长；而当调理剂的厚度过厚，会使得厨余 有机物的处理量减少，投入成本过高。
其中，步骤2)和步骤3)中，所述厨余有机物与调理剂的体积比为1:10-10:1。
其中，步骤5)中，所述堆成条堆的堆体高度为1.3米-3.5米，目的是达到一定的处理规模并获得较好的发酵效果。当建堆的堆体高度低于1.3米，厨余有机物等混合物料的处理量减少，且堆体散热快，无法达到足够的发酵温度；当建堆的堆体高度超过3.5米，物料堆积过高导致下部物料密实，不利于内部空气流通，好氧发酵效果差。
其中，步骤7)中，所述一次好氧发酵的发酵温度为55℃-80℃，采用间歇鼓风，鼓风量为33m3/min-37m3/min；一个鼓风周期内鼓风时间为30秒-3分钟以及停歇时间为1分钟-20分钟。采用上述间歇鼓风和发酵温度，能够减少翻堆且保证堆体内好氧发酵，减少臭气产生。
其中，步骤8)中，所述二次好氧发酵的发酵温度为55℃-80℃，采用间歇鼓风，鼓风量为33m3/min-37m3/min；一个鼓风周期内鼓风时间为30秒-3分钟以及停歇时间为1分钟-20分钟。采用上述间歇鼓风和发酵温度，能够减少翻堆且保证堆体内好氧发酵，减少臭气产生。
本发明与现有技术相比，具有如下有益效果：
1)本发明的厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法省却了破碎、混料、转运等前处理工序，减少了固定资产和厂房投资，且最大程度降低了臭气污染以及环境污染。
2)本发明的厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法直接在堆肥槽内铺设调理剂，并与厨余有机物混合建堆，使得建堆后的堆体具有更好的孔隙率，有利于空气流通，从而使得好氧堆肥过程发酵均匀，提高了堆肥产物的品质，并缩短了堆肥周期。
附图说明
图1为本发明厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式来进一步说明本发明，以下实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受下述实施例的限制。
表1 堆肥品质的评价方法及各性能指标的测试方法
Figure PCTCN2017092433-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2017092433-appb-000002
实施例1
一种厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法，包括如下步骤：
1)在堆肥槽内铺设一层厚度为10cm的调理剂；所述调理剂是将选自园林垃圾、树枝、秸秆、茶叶梗、甘蔗梗中的一种或几种粉碎至10cm得到的；
2)将厨余有机物铺设在上述铺好的调理剂上；所述厨余有机物与调理剂的体积比为1:1；
3)再在上述厨余有机物上铺设一层10cm的调理剂；所述调理剂是将选自园林垃圾、树枝、秸秆、茶叶梗、甘蔗梗中的一种或几种粉碎至10cm得到的；所述厨余有机物与调理剂的体积比为1:1；
4)重复步骤2)和步骤3)，得到混合物料；
5)将得到的混合物料堆成条堆，堆成条堆的堆体高度为3.0米；
6)将物料堆满堆肥槽的整条槽后，铺盖防水透气膜；
7)插入传感器，开启通风，开始一次好氧发酵，一次好氧发酵30天后，得到发酵残余物；所述一次好氧发酵的发酵温度为70℃，采用间歇鼓风，鼓风量为35m3/min；一个鼓风周期内鼓风时间为1分钟以及停歇时间为1分钟；
8)将发酵残余物转运至另一条槽后，重复步骤5)和步骤6)，开始二次好氧发酵；所述二次好氧发酵的发酵温度为70℃，通风采用间歇鼓风，鼓风量为35m3/min；一个鼓风周期内鼓风时间为1分钟以及停歇时间为1分钟，二次好氧发酵14天即得腐熟的堆肥；得到的堆肥品质高。
实施例2
一种厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法，包括如下步骤：
1)在堆肥槽内铺设一层厚度为35cm的调理剂；所述调理剂是将选自园林垃圾、树枝、秸秆、茶叶梗、甘蔗梗中的一种或几种粉碎至5cm得到的；
2)将厨余有机物铺设在上述铺好的调理剂上；所述厨余有机物与调理剂的体积比为1:5；
3)再在上述厨余有机物上铺设一层厚度为35cm的调理剂；所述调理剂是将选自园林垃圾、树枝、秸秆、茶叶梗、甘蔗梗中的一种或几种粉碎至5cm得到的；所述厨余有机物与调理剂的体积比为1:5；
4)重复步骤2)和步骤3)，得到混合物料；
5)将得到的混合物料堆成条堆，堆成条堆的堆体高度为2.5米；
6)将物料堆满堆肥槽的整条槽后，铺盖防水透气膜；
7)插入传感器，开启通风，开始一次好氧发酵，一次好氧发酵25天后，得到发酵残余物；所述一次好氧发酵的发酵温度为65℃，采用间歇鼓风，鼓风量为35m3/min；一个鼓风周期内鼓风时间为2分钟以及停歇时间为5分钟；
8)将发酵残余物转运至另一条槽后，重复步骤5)和步骤6)，开始二次好氧发酵；所述二次好氧发酵的发酵温度为65℃，采用间歇鼓风，鼓风量为35m3/min；一个鼓风周期内鼓风时间为2分钟以及停歇时间为5分钟，二次好氧发酵10天即得腐熟的堆肥；得到的堆肥品质高。
实施例3
一种厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法，包括如下步骤：
1)在堆肥槽内铺设一层厚度为4cm的调理剂；所述调理剂是将选自园林垃圾、树枝、秸秆、茶叶梗、甘蔗梗中的一种或几种粉碎至0.5cm得到的；
2)将厨余有机物铺设在上述铺好的调理剂上；所述厨余有机物与调理剂的体积比为1:10；
3)再在上述厨余有机物上铺设一层厚度为4cm的调理剂；所述调理剂是将选自园林垃圾、树枝、秸秆、茶叶梗、甘蔗梗中的一种或几种粉碎至0.5cm得到的；所述厨余有机物与调理剂的体积比为1:10；
4)重复步骤2)和步骤3)，得到混合物料；
5)将得到的混合物料堆成条堆，堆成条堆的堆体高度为1.3米；
6)将物料堆满堆肥槽的整条槽后，铺盖防水透气膜；
7)插入传感器，开启通风，开始一次好氧发酵，一次好氧发酵40天后，得 到发酵残余物；所述一次好氧发酵的发酵温度为55℃，通风采用间歇鼓风，鼓风量为33m3/min；一个鼓风周期内鼓风时间为3分钟以及停歇时间为1分钟；
8)将发酵残余物转运至另一条槽后，重复步骤5)和步骤6)，开始二次好氧发酵；所述二次好氧发酵的发酵温度为55℃，通风采用间歇鼓风，鼓风量为33m3/min；一个鼓风周期内鼓风时间为3分钟以及停歇时间为1分钟，二次好氧发酵7天即得腐熟的堆肥；得到的堆肥品质高。
实施例4
一种厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法，包括如下步骤：
1)在堆肥槽内铺设一层厚度为40cm的调理剂；所述调理剂是将选自园林垃圾、树枝、秸秆、茶叶梗、甘蔗梗中的一种或几种粉碎至20cm得到的；
2)将厨余有机物铺设在上述铺好的调理剂上，所述厨余有机物与调理剂的体积比为10:1；
3)再在上述厨余有机物上铺设一层厚度为40cm的调理剂；所述调理剂是将选自园林垃圾、树枝、秸秆、茶叶梗、甘蔗梗中的一种或几种粉碎至20cm得到的；所述厨余有机物与调理剂的体积比为10:1；
4)重复步骤2)和步骤3)，得到混合物料；
5)将得到的混合物料堆成条堆，堆成条堆的堆体高度为3.5米；
6)将物料堆满堆肥槽的整条槽后，铺盖防水透气膜；
7)插入传感器，开启通风，开始一次好氧发酵，一次好氧发酵20天后，得到发酵残余物；所述一次好氧发酵的发酵温度为80℃，通风采用间歇鼓风，鼓风量为37m3/min；一个鼓风周期内鼓风时间为30秒以及停歇时间为20分钟；
8)将发酵残余物转运至另一条槽后，重复步骤5)和步骤6)，开始二次好氧发酵；所述二次好氧发酵的发酵温度为80℃，通风采用间歇鼓风，鼓风量为37m3/min；一个鼓风周期内鼓风时间为30秒以及停歇时间为20分钟，二次好氧发酵20天即得腐熟的堆肥；得到的堆肥品质高。
对比例1
调换步骤7)和步骤8)的顺序，其它同实施例1，堆肥腐熟时间51天，整个发酵过程时间将延长7天，且得到的堆肥品质中。
不好的效果是：
1、在一次好氧发酵14天的时候，槽内物料整体发酵未完全，堆体内臭气浓度大，槽内物料转运造成臭气环境污染。
2、在一次好氧发酵14天的时候，槽内物料整体发酵未完全，此时将物料转运到另一条槽后，堆体孔隙率降低，从而使得二次发酵过程发酵不均匀，降低了堆肥产物的品质，并延长堆肥周期。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    1)在堆肥槽内铺设一层调理剂；
    2)将厨余有机物铺设在上述铺好的调理剂上；
    3)再在上述厨余有机物上铺设一层调理剂；
    4)重复步骤2)和步骤3)，得到混合物料；
    5)将得到的混合物料堆成条堆；
    6)将物料堆满堆肥槽的整条槽后，铺盖防水透气膜；
    7)插入传感器，开启通风，开始一次好氧发酵，一次好氧发酵20天-40天后，得到发酵残余物；
    8)将发酵残余物转运至另一条槽后，重复步骤5)和步骤6)，开始二次好氧发酵，二次好氧发酵7天-20天即得腐熟的堆肥。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法，其特征在于，步骤1)和步骤3)中，所述调理剂的厚度为4cm-40cm。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法，其特征在于，所述调理剂是将选自园林垃圾、树枝、秸秆、茶叶梗、甘蔗梗中的一种或几种粉碎至0.5cm-20cm得到的。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法，其特征在于，步骤2)和步骤3)中，所述厨余有机物与调理剂的体积比为1:10-10:1。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法，其特征在于，步骤5)中，所述堆成条堆的堆体高度为1.3米-3.5米。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法，其特征在于，步骤7)中，所述一次好氧发酵的发酵温度为55℃-80℃，通风采用间歇鼓风，鼓风量为33m3/min-37m3/min；一个鼓风周期内鼓风时间为30秒-3分钟以及停歇时间为1分钟-20分钟。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的厨余有机物好氧堆肥的建堆方法，其特征在于，步骤8)中，所述二次好氧发酵的发酵温度为55℃-80℃，通风采用间歇鼓风，鼓风量为33m3/min-37m3/min；一个鼓风周期内鼓风时间为30秒-3分钟以及停歇 时间为1分钟-20分钟。
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