WO2018010563A1 - 电机控制电路及破壁机 - Google Patents

电机控制电路及破壁机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018010563A1
WO2018010563A1 PCT/CN2017/091504 CN2017091504W WO2018010563A1 WO 2018010563 A1 WO2018010563 A1 WO 2018010563A1 CN 2017091504 W CN2017091504 W CN 2017091504W WO 2018010563 A1 WO2018010563 A1 WO 2018010563A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
motor
resistor
diode
capacitor
hall sensor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/091504
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐双江
尹坤任
于三营
陈彬
唐燕
佘艳
Original Assignee
广东美的生活电器制造有限公司
美的集团股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201620737756.9U external-priority patent/CN205864312U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201610547532.6A external-priority patent/CN107612450A/zh
Application filed by 广东美的生活电器制造有限公司, 美的集团股份有限公司 filed Critical 广东美的生活电器制造有限公司
Publication of WO2018010563A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018010563A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J43/00—Implements for preparing or holding food, not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A47J43/04—Machines for domestic use not covered elsewhere, e.g. for grinding, mixing, stirring, kneading, emulsifying, whipping or beating foodstuffs, e.g. power-driven
    • A47J43/07—Parts or details, e.g. mixing tools, whipping tools
    • A47J43/08—Driving mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P23/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by a control method other than vector control

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of electrical appliances, in particular to a wall breaking machine.
  • the wall breaking machine usually comprises a cup cover, a stirring cup and a base.
  • the base is provided with a motor, and the stirring cup is provided with a stirring knife.
  • the stirring cup is placed on the base, and after the lid is energized, the stirring knife is rotated by the motor. Beat the food.
  • the existing wall breaking machine sets the stirring time.
  • the motor is always working during the set stirring time period. After the food has been whipped, the motor of the wall breaking machine continues to work, wastes electric energy and increases the breaking machine. Power consumption.
  • a primary object of the present invention is to provide a motor control circuit that is directed to reducing the power loss of the motor control circuit of the wall breaking machine.
  • the present invention provides a motor control circuit including a controller, a rotation speed detecting circuit, a switching circuit, and a motor;
  • the switching circuit cuts off or turns on an external power source input to the motor
  • the rotation speed detecting circuit detects the rotation speed of the motor
  • the controller controls the switching circuit to cut off an external power source input to the motor when it is detected that the rotational speed of the motor is within a preset rotational speed range.
  • the motor includes a rotating shaft, and one end of the rotating shaft is provided with a fan blade, and a blade of the fan blade is provided with a magnetic component;
  • the rotation speed detecting circuit includes a Hall sensor that is close to the magnetic element position; the Hall sensor samples the rotation speed of the motor and converts it into a pulse signal.
  • the magnetic element rotates with it; when the magnetic element approaches the Hall sensor, the Hall sensor senses a first level; the magnetic element is far away The Hall sensor is not detected and the Hall sensor senses a second level.
  • the motor control circuit further includes a power detecting circuit that detects a power of the motor; and when detecting that the speed of the motor is within a preset speed range and the power of the motor is within a preset power range, The controller controls the switching circuit to cut off an external power source input to the motor.
  • an input end of the switch circuit is connected to the external power source, an output end of the switch circuit is connected to a first detecting end of the power detecting circuit, and a second detecting end of the power detecting circuit is a first end of the motor is coupled, a second end of the motor is also coupled to the external power source; an output of the power detection circuit is coupled to a first feedback end of the controller, the Hall sensor and the A second feedback end of the controller is coupled, and a drive end of the controller is further coupled to the controlled end of the switch circuit.
  • the switch circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a first transistor, and a thyristor;
  • the anode of the thyristor is connected to the external power source, the cathode of the thyristor is connected to the first detecting end of the power detecting circuit, and the control electrode of the thyristor passes through the first resistor and the a collector connection of the first transistor; a first end of the second resistor is connected to the anode of the thyristor, and a second end of the second resistor is connected to a control electrode of the thyristor;
  • the emitter of the first transistor is grounded, the base of the first transistor is connected to the driving end of the controller via the third resistor; the first end of the fourth resistor is The emitter of the first transistor is connected, and the second end of the fourth resistor is connected to the base of the first transistor.
  • the switch circuit further includes a fifth resistor and a first capacitor, a first end of the fifth resistor is connected to an anode of the thyristor, and a second end of the fifth resistor is opposite to the first The first end of the capacitor is connected, and the second end of the first capacitor is connected to the cathode of the thyristor.
  • the power detecting circuit includes a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, and a current transformer; wherein
  • a first end of the primary side of the current transformer is connected to an output end of the switch circuit, and a second end of the primary side of the current transformer is connected to a first end of the motor, and the secondary side of the current transformer a first end connected to the anode of the first diode, a second end of the secondary side of the current transformer being connected to a cathode of the second diode; a cathode of the first diode a first end of the sixth resistor is connected; an anode of the second diode is grounded; an anode of the third diode is connected to an anode of the second diode, the third diode a cathode connected to an anode of the first diode; an anode of the fourth diode connected to a cathode of the second diode, a cathode of the fourth diode and the first two a cathode connection of the pole tube; a second end of the sixth resistor is coupled to the first feedback end
  • the power detecting circuit further includes an eighth resistor, a second capacitor, a third capacitor, and a fourth capacitor; a first end of the second capacitor is connected to a cathode of the first diode, and the a second end of the second capacitor is coupled to the anode of the second diode; a first end of the eighth resistor is coupled to the first end of the second capacitor, and a second end of the eighth resistor is The second end of the second capacitor is connected; the first end of the third capacitor is connected to the first end of the seventh resistor, and the second end of the third capacitor is opposite to the second end of the seventh resistor Connecting; the fourth capacitor is connected in parallel between the first end of the third capacitor and the second end of the third capacitor.
  • the present invention also provides a wall breaking machine comprising the motor control circuit as described above, the control circuit comprising a controller, a rotation speed detecting circuit, a switching circuit and a motor; wherein the switching circuit is cut off or Turning on an external power input to the motor; the rotation speed detecting circuit detects a rotation speed of the motor; and when detecting that the rotation speed of the motor is in a preset rotation speed range, the controller controls the switching circuit to cut off the input to the motor External power supply.
  • the technical scheme of the invention forms a motor control circuit by setting a controller, a rotation speed detecting circuit, a switching circuit and a motor.
  • the rotation speed detecting circuit detects that the rotation speed of the motor is in the preset speed range, it indicates that the motor speed tends to be stable, the food in the broken machine has been whipped
  • the controller cuts off the external power supply of the motor through the switch circuit, and the motor stops working, thereby avoiding After the food is whipped, the motor of the broken machine continues to work, saving energy and reducing the power consumption of the motor.
  • FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an embodiment of a motor control circuit of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the circuit structure of an embodiment of a motor control circuit of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a wall breaking machine of the present invention.
  • first, second, and the like in the present invention are used for the purpose of description only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” or “second” may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
  • the technical solutions between the various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the combination of the technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that the combination of the technical solutions does not exist. It is also within the scope of protection required by the present invention.
  • the invention proposes a motor control circuit.
  • the motor control circuit includes a controller 100, a rotation speed detecting circuit 200, a switching circuit 300, and a motor 400.
  • the switch circuit 300 cuts off or turns on an external power source input to the motor 400;
  • the rotation speed detecting circuit 200 detects a rotation speed of the motor 400; and when detecting that the rotation speed of the motor 400 is within a preset rotation speed range,
  • the controller 100 controls the switch circuit 300 to cut off an external power source input to the motor 400.
  • the motor control circuit of this embodiment can be applied to the wall breaking machine, and the motor control circuit is further described below in conjunction with the wall breaking machine.
  • the controller 100 of the wall breaking machine burns relevant control software, and sets the rotational speed range of the motor 400 through software.
  • the food that the general user whipped with the broken machine is blocky or granular. When the work is started, the load is relatively heavy, so the power of the motor 400 is relatively large, and the rotation speed is relatively low; after the food is stirred, the block is shaped. Or the flow of liquid, the load is unstable, the speed is high and low; when the food is completely pulverized, the motor 400 speed will stabilize within a speed range, that is, the motor 400 speed will reach a balanced state. In this embodiment, it is determined whether the food is whipped or not by detecting whether the rotation speed of the motor 400 reaches the preset rotation speed range.
  • the technical solution of the present invention forms a motor control circuit by providing the controller 100, the rotation speed detecting circuit 200, the switching circuit 300 and the motor 400.
  • the rotation speed detecting circuit 200 detects that the rotation speed of the motor 400 is in the preset rotation speed range, it indicates that the rotation speed of the motor 400 tends to be stable, and the food in the breaking machine has been whipped.
  • the controller 100 cuts off the external power supply of the motor 400 through the switch circuit 300, and the motor 400 stops operating. Therefore, the motor 400 of the wall breaking machine is prevented from continuing to work after the food is whipped, saving power and reducing the power consumption of the motor 400.
  • the motor 400 includes a rotating shaft 40.
  • One end of the rotating shaft 40 is provided with a fan blade 50.
  • a blade of the fan blade 50 is provided with a magnetic element 60.
  • the rotational speed detecting circuit 200 includes a Hall sensor 210.
  • the Hall sensor 210 is adjacent to the magnetic element 60; the Hall sensor 210 samples the rotational speed of the motor 400 and converts it into a pulse signal.
  • the magnetic element is a magnet.
  • one end of the motor 400 rotating shaft 40 is sleeved with a fan blade 50 for dissipating heat from the motor 400.
  • the Hall sensor 210 detects the magnetic element 60; when the magnetic element 60 moves away from the Hall sensor 210, the Hall sensor 210 does not detect the magnetic element 60, Therefore, the Hall sensor 210 outputs a pulse signal according to the approach or distance of the magnetic element 60, and acquires the high-level duration of the pulse signal for a certain period of time by the control circuit, and calculates the rotation speed of the motor 400.
  • the magnetic element 60 rotates with it; when the magnetic element 60 approaches the Hall sensor 210, the Hall sensor 210 senses the first level; The magnetic element 60 is not detected when it is away from the Hall sensor 210, and the Hall sensor 210 senses a second level.
  • a Hall sensor that outputs a rectangular pulse signal is employed.
  • the Hall sensor 210 detects the magnetic element 60, the Hall sensor 210 induces a corresponding electromotive force, and after conversion, outputs a corresponding high and low level signal.
  • the motor control circuit further includes a power detecting circuit 500, wherein the power detecting circuit 500 detects the power of the motor 400; and detects that the rotating speed of the motor 400 is in a preset speed range and the power of the motor 400 is at a preset power. In the range, the controller 100 controls the switch circuit 300 to cut off an external power source input to the motor 400.
  • the motor 400 speed tends to be stable, and its power tends to be stable.
  • the current input to the motor 400 by the external power source is detected by the power detecting circuit 500, and the power of the motor 400 is obtained by calculation.
  • the power of the motor 400 is within the preset power range, it indicates that the food has been whipped.
  • the power detecting circuit 500 and the rotation speed detecting circuit 200 simultaneously judge whether the food is whipped, thereby improving the judgment accuracy of the broken machine and improving the control performance of the broken machine.
  • an input end of the switch circuit 300 is connected to the external power source, an output end of the switch circuit 300 is connected to a first detecting end of the power detecting circuit 500, and a second detecting of the power detecting circuit 500 is performed.
  • the end is connected to the first end of the motor 400, and the second end of the motor 400 is also connected to the external power source; the output end of the power detecting circuit 500 is connected to the first feedback end FB1 of the controller 100.
  • the Hall sensor 210 is connected to the second feedback end FB2 of the controller 100, and the driving end DRI of the controller 100 is also connected to the controlled end of the switch circuit 300.
  • the switch circuit 300 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a first transistor Q1, and a thyristor SCR;
  • An anode of the thyristor SCR is connected to the external power source, a cathode of the thyristor SCR is connected to a first detecting end of the power detecting circuit 500, and a control electrode of the thyristor SCR passes through the a resistor R1 is coupled to the collector of the first transistor Q1; a first end of the second resistor R2 is coupled to an anode of the thyristor SCR, and a second end of the second resistor R2 is a control pole connection of the thyristor SCR; an emitter of the first transistor Q1 is grounded, and a base of the first transistor Q1 passes through the third resistor R3 and a driving end of the controller 100 a DRI connection; a first end of the fourth resistor R4 is coupled to an emitter of the first transistor Q1, and a second end of the fourth resistor R4 is coupled to a base of the first transistor Q1 .
  • the controller 100 controls the on and off of the thyristor SCR through the first transistor Q1, thereby cutting off or turning on the external power source input to the motor 400.
  • the switch circuit 300 further includes a fifth resistor R5 and a first capacitor C1, the first end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the anode of the thyristor SCR, and the second resistor R5 is second.
  • the terminal is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1, and the second end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the cathode of the thyristor SCR.
  • the fifth resistor R5 and the first capacitor C1 form a snubber circuit to prevent abrupt voltage breakdown between the thyristor SCR anode and cathode from penetrating the thyristor SCR.
  • the power detecting circuit 500 includes a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, and a current Transformer BT; among them,
  • a first end of the primary side of the current transformer BT is connected to an output end of the switch circuit 300, and a second end of the primary side of the current transformer BT is connected to a first end of the motor 400, the current mutual inductance
  • the first end of the secondary side of the BT is connected to the anode of the first diode D1
  • the second end of the secondary side of the current transformer BT is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2
  • a cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first end of the sixth resistor R6; an anode of the second diode D2 is grounded; an anode of the third diode D3 and the second diode
  • An anode of the tube D2, a cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to an anode of the first diode D1; an anode of the fourth diode D4 and a cathode of the second diode D2 Connecting, the ca
  • the current transformer BT samples the current input to the motor 400 by the principle of electromagnetic induction.
  • the first diode D1, the second diode D2, the third diode D3, and the fourth diode D4 constitute a rectifier circuit for rectifying the sampled current signal.
  • the sixth resistor R6 and the seventh resistor R7 form a voltage dividing circuit that converts the rectified current signal into a voltage signal and feeds it back to the controller 100.
  • the operating voltage of the motor 400 is 220 V (volts) of AC, and after calculation by the controller 100, the real-time power of the motor 400 can be obtained.
  • the power detecting circuit 500 further includes an eighth resistor R8, a second capacitor C2, a third capacitor C3, and a fourth capacitor C4; the first end of the second capacitor C2 and the first diode D1 a cathode connection, a second end of the second capacitor C2 is connected to an anode of the second diode D2; a first end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to a first end of the second capacitor C2, The second end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the second end of the second capacitor C2; the first end of the third capacitor C3 is connected to the first end of the seventh resistor R7, the third The second end of the capacitor C3 is connected to the second end of the seventh resistor R7; the fourth capacitor C4 is connected in parallel between the first end of the third capacitor C3 and the second end of the third capacitor C3 .
  • the eighth resistor R8, the second capacitor C2, the third capacitor C3 and the fourth capacitor C4 form a filter circuit, and further filter the current signal to improve the anti-interference ability.
  • the controller 100 is implemented by using a control chip, such as a single chip microcomputer.
  • the rotation speed detecting circuit 200 further includes a power source of the first power source VCC1, the current limiting resistor Rs, the ninth resistor R9, and the tenth resistor R10, and the Hall sensor SEN (ie, the Hall sensor 210 in FIG. 3).
  • the current limiting resistor Rs is connected to the first power source VCC1; the ground terminal of the Hall sensor SEN is grounded; the first power source VCC1 is connected to the output end of the Hall sensor SEN via the ninth resistor R9, and the output terminal of the Hall sensor SEN It is also connected to the second feedback terminal FB2 of the controller 100 via the tenth resistor R10.
  • components such as resistors, capacitors, and diodes are soldered to a PCB board 70 (see FIG. 3) to reduce the space occupied.
  • the PCB board 70 is disposed on the base of the wall breaking machine.
  • the Hall sensor SEN is electrically connected to the PCB board 70.
  • the technical solution of the present invention determines whether the food is whipped at the same time by the power detecting circuit 500 and the rotation speed detecting circuit 200, thereby avoiding that the working time of the motor 400 in the prior art solution is set too long, and the food is broken after the whipping is completed.
  • the machine's motor continues to work, saving power and reducing the power consumption of the motor inside the breaker.
  • the present invention also provides a wall breaking machine comprising the motor control circuit as described above, and the specific structure of the motor control circuit is referred to the above embodiment, since the wall breaking machine adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments. Therefore, at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments are not repeated herein.
  • the wall breaking machine further includes a cup cover 10, a stirring cup 20, and a base 30.
  • the motor 400 is disposed on the base 30.
  • the bottom of the stirring cup 20 is further provided with a stirring knife (not shown).
  • the stirring knife is engaged with the rotating shaft of the motor 400. After the motor 400 is energized, the motor 400 drives the stirring knife to rotate to whipped the food.
  • the wall breaking machine further includes a heating device (not shown) that can be electromagnetically heated.
  • the electromagnetic heating coil of the heating device is disposed on the base 30 of the wall breaking machine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Abstract

一种电机控制电路及破壁机，该电机控制电路包括控制器（100）、转速检测电路（200）、开关电路（300）及电机（400）；其中，开关电路切断或接通输入至电机的外部电源；转速检测电路对电机的转速进行检测；在检测到电机的转速处于预设转速范围时，控制器控制开关电路切断输入至电机的外部电源。该电机控制电路降低了电机的电能损耗。

Description

电机控制电路及破壁机
技术领域
本发明涉及电器技术领域，特别涉及一种破壁机。
背景技术
破壁机通常包括杯盖、搅拌杯、及底座，底座上设有电机，搅拌杯内设有搅拌刀，将搅拌杯放置于底座上，盖上杯盖通电后，通过电机带动搅拌刀旋转，对食物进行搅打。
现有破壁机设定搅拌时间，在设定的搅拌时间段内电机一直在工作，存在食物已搅打完毕后破壁机的电机还继续工作的问题，浪费了电能，增加了破壁机的功耗。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是提供一种电机控制电路，旨在降低破壁机的电机控制电路的电能损耗。
为实现上述目的，本发明提出了一种电机控制电路，该电机控制电路包括控制器、转速检测电路、开关电路及电机；其中，
所述开关电路，切断或接通输入至所述电机的外部电源；
所述转速检测电路，对电机的转速进行检测；
在检测到电机的转速处于预设转速范围时，所述控制器控制开关电路切断输入至所述电机的外部电源。
优选地，所述电机包括转轴，转轴的一端设有风扇叶，风扇叶的一叶片上设置有磁性元件；其中，
所述转速检测电路包括霍尔传感器，所述霍尔传感器靠近所述磁性元件位置；所述霍尔传感器对电机的转速进行采样并转换成脉冲信号。
优选地，所述风扇叶旋转时，所述磁性元件随之旋转；在所述磁性元件接近所述霍尔传感器时被检测到，霍尔传感器感应得到第一电平；在所述磁性元件远离所述霍尔传感器时未被检测到，霍尔传感器感应得到第二电平。
优选地，所述电机控制电路还包括功率检测电路，所述功率检测电路对电机的功率进行检测；在检测到电机的转速处于预设转速范围且电机的功率处于预设功率范围时，所述控制器控制开关电路切断输入至所述电机的外部电源。
优选地，所述开关电路的输入端与所述外部电源连接，所述开关电路的输出端与所述功率检测电路的第一检测端连接，所述功率检测电路的第二检测端与所述电机的第一端连接，所述电机的第二端也与所述外部电源连接；所述功率检测电路的输出端与所述控制器的第一反馈端连接，所述霍尔传感器与所述控制器的第二反馈端连接，所述控制器的驱动端还与所述开关电路的受控端连接。
优选地，所述开关电路包括第一电阻、第二电阻、第三电阻、第四电阻、第一三极管、及可控硅；其中，
所述可控硅的阳极与所述外部电源连接，所述可控硅的阴极与所述功率检测电路的第一检测端连接，所述可控硅的控制极经所述第一电阻与所述第一三极管的集电极连接；所述第二电阻的第一端与所述可控硅的阳极连接，所述第二电阻的第二端与所述可控硅的控制极连接；所述第一三极管的发射极接地，所述第一三极管的基极经所述第三电阻与所述控制器的驱动端连接；所述第四电阻的第一端与所述第一三极管的发射极连接，所述第四电阻的第二端与所述第一三极管的基极连接。
优选地，所述开关电路还包括第五电阻及第一电容，所述第五电阻的第一端与所述可控硅的阳极连接，所述第五电阻的第二端与所述第一电容的第一端连接，所述第一电容的第二端与所述可控硅的阴极连接。
优选地，所述功率检测电路包括第一二极管、第二二极管、第三二极管、第四二极管、第六电阻、第七电阻、及电流互感器；其中，
所述电流互感器一次侧的第一端与所述开关电路的输出端连接，所述电流互感器一次侧的第二端与所述电机的第一端连接，所述电流互感器二次侧的第一端与所述第一二极管的阳极连接，所述电流互感器二次侧的第二端与所述第二二极管的阴极连接；所述第一二极管的阴极与所述第六电阻的第一端连接；所述第二二极管的阳极接地；所述第三二极管的阳极与所述第二二极管的阳极连接，所述第三二极管的阴极与所述第一二极管的阳极连接；所述第四二极管的阳极与所述第二二极管的阴极连接，所述第四二极管的阴极与所述第一二极管的阴极连接；所述第六电阻的第二端与所述控制器的第一反馈端连接，所述第六电阻的第二端与所述第七电阻的第一端连接，所述第七电阻的第二端接地。
优选地，所述功率检测电路还包括第八电阻、第二电容、第三电容及第四电容；所述第二电容的第一端与所述第一二极管的阴极连接，所述第二电容的第二端与所述第二二极管的阳极连接；所述第八电阻的第一端与所述第二电容的第一端连接，所述第八电阻的第二端与所述第二电容的第二端连接；所述第三电容的第一端与所述第七电阻的第一端连接，所述第三电容的第二端与所述第七电阻的第二端连接；所述第四电容并联于所述第三电容的第一端和所述第三电容的第二端之间。
本发明还提出一种破壁机，所述破壁机包括如上所述的电机控制电路，所述控制电路包括控制器、转速检测电路、开关电路及电机；其中，所述开关电路，切断或接通输入至所述电机的外部电源；所述转速检测电路，对电机的转速进行检测；在检测到电机的转速处于预设转速范围时，所述控制器控制开关电路切断输入至所述电机的外部电源。
本发明技术方案通过设置控制器、转速检测电路、开关电路及电机，形成了一种电机控制电路。在转速检测电路检测到电机的转速处于预设转速范围时，表明电机转速趋于稳定，破壁机内食物已搅打完毕，控制器通过开关电路切断电机的外部电源，电机停止工作，从而避免了在食物搅打完毕后破壁机的电机还在继续工作，节省了电能，降低了电机的功耗。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明电机控制电路一实施例的功能模块图；
图2为本发明电机控制电路一实施例的电路结构示意图；
图3为本发明破壁机一实施例的结构示意图。
附图标号说明：
标号 名称 标号 名称
100 控制器 Q1 第一三极管
200 转速检测电路 D1 第一二极管
210 霍尔传感器 D2 第二二极管
300 开关电路 D3 第三二极管
400 电机 D4 第四二极管
500 功率检测电路 SCR 可控硅
10 杯盖 BT 电流互感器
20 搅拌杯 R1 第一电阻
30 底座 R2 第二电阻
40 转轴 R3 第三电阻
50 风扇叶 R4 第四电阻
60 磁性元件 R5 第五电阻
70 PCB板 R6 第六电阻
C1 第一电容 R7 第七电阻
C2 第二电容 R8 第八电阻
C3 第三电容 R9 第九电阻
C4 第四电容 R10 第十电阻
C5 第五电容 Rs 限流电阻
VCC1 第一电源
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明，本发明实施例中所有方向性指示（诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……）仅用于解释在某一特定姿态（如附图所示）下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，在本发明中涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
本发明提出一种电机控制电路。
参照图1，该电机控制电路包括控制器100、转速检测电路200、开关电路300及电机400。所述开关电路300，切断或接通输入至所述电机400的外部电源；所述转速检测电路200，对电机400的转速进行检测；在检测到电机400的转速处于预设转速范围时，所述控制器100控制开关电路300切断输入至所述电机400的外部电源。
本实施例的电机控制电路可应用于破壁机，以下结合破壁机对该电机控制电路做进一步说明。该破壁机的控制器100内烧录有相关控制软件，通过软件设置电机400的转速范围。一般用户用破壁机进行搅打的食物都是块状或者颗粒状，刚开始工作时，负载比较重，因此电机400功率比较大，转速比较低；在食物被搅拌起来后，因块状物体或者液体的流动，负载不稳定，转速时高时低；当食物完全粉碎之后，电机400转速会稳定于一个转速范围内，即电机400转速会达到一个平衡的状态。本实施例通过检测电机400转速是否到达预设转速范围，从而判断食物是否搅打完毕。
本发明技术方案通过设置控制器100、转速检测电路200、开关电路300及电机400，形成了一种电机控制电路。在转速检测电路200检测到电机400的转速处于预设转速范围时，表明电机400转速趋于稳定，破壁机内食物已搅打完毕。控制器100通过开关电路300切断电机400的外部电源，电机400停止工作。从而避免在食物搅打完毕后破壁机的电机400还在继续工作，节省了电能，降低了电机400的功耗。
请结合参照图3，所述电机400包括转轴40，转轴40的一端设有风扇叶50，风扇叶50的一叶片上设置有磁性元件60；其中，所述转速检测电路200包括霍尔传感器210，所述霍尔传感器210靠近所述磁性元件60；所述霍尔传感器210对电机400的转速进行采样并转换成脉冲信号。本实施例中，该磁性元件采用磁铁。
需要说明的是，通常电机400转轴40的一端套设有风扇叶50，以用于给电机400进行散热。当风扇叶50转动时，磁性元件60经过霍尔传感器210上方时，霍尔传感器210检测到磁性元件60；当磁性元件60远离霍尔传感器210时，霍尔传感器210检测不到磁性元件60，因而霍尔传感器210根据磁性元件60的靠近或远离而输出脉冲信号，通过控制电路获取脉冲信号的某段时间内的高电平持续时间，计算得到电机400的转速。
具体地，所述风扇叶50旋转时，所述磁性元件60随之旋转；在所述磁性元件60接近所述霍尔传感器210时被检测到，霍尔传感器210感应得到第一电平；在所述磁性元件60远离所述霍尔传感器210时未被检测到，霍尔传感器210感应得到第二电平。本实施例中，采用输出矩形脉冲信号的霍尔传感器。霍尔传感器210检测到磁性元件60时，霍尔传感器210感应出对应的电动势，经转换后输出对应的高低电平信号。
进一步地，所述电机控制电路还包括功率检测电路500，所述功率检测电路500对电机400的功率进行检测；在检测到电机400的转速处于预设转速范围且电机400的功率处于预设功率范围时，所述控制器100控制开关电路300切断输入至所述电机400的外部电源。
需要说明的是，在食物搅打完毕后，电机400转速趋于稳定，其功率也趋于稳定。本实施例中，通过功率检测电路500对外部电源输入至电机400的电流进行检测，再通过计算后便得到电机400的功率。当电机400的功率处于预设功率范围时，表明食物被搅打完毕。通过功率检测电路500及转速检测电路200同时对食物是否被搅打完毕进行判断，提高了破壁机的判断准确率，提高了破壁机的控制性能。
具体地，所述开关电路300的输入端与所述外部电源连接，所述开关电路300的输出端与所述功率检测电路500的第一检测端连接，所述功率检测电路500的第二检测端与所述电机400的第一端连接，所述电机400的第二端也与所述外部电源连接；所述功率检测电路500的输出端与所述控制器100的第一反馈端FB1连接，所述霍尔传感器210与所述控制器100的第二反馈端FB2连接，所述控制器100的驱动端DRI还与所述开关电路300的受控端连接。
具体地，参照图2，所述开关电路300包括第一电阻R1、第二电阻R2、第三电阻R3、第四电阻R4、第一三极管Q1、及可控硅SCR；其中，
所述可控硅SCR的阳极与所述外部电源连接，所述可控硅SCR的阴极与所述功率检测电路500的第一检测端连接，所述可控硅SCR的控制极经所述第一电阻R1与所述第一三极管Q1的集电极连接；所述第二电阻R2的第一端与所述可控硅SCR的阳极连接，所述第二电阻R2的第二端与所述可控硅SCR的控制极连接；所述第一三极管Q1的发射极接地，所述第一三极管Q1的基极经所述第三电阻R3与所述控制器100的驱动端DRI连接；所述第四电阻R4的第一端与所述第一三极管Q1的发射极连接，所述第四电阻R4的第二端与所述第一三极管Q1的基极连接。
控制器100通过第一三极管Q1控制可控硅SCR的通断，从而切断或接通输入至电机400的外部电源。
进一步地，所述开关电路300还包括第五电阻R5及第一电容C1，所述第五电阻R5的第一端与所述可控硅SCR的阳极连接，所述第五电阻R5的第二端与所述第一电容C1的第一端连接，所述第一电容C1的第二端与所述可控硅SCR的阴极连接。
第五电阻R5及第一电容C1构成缓冲电路，防止可控硅SCR阳极与阴极之间的突变电压击穿可控硅SCR。
具体地，所述功率检测电路500包括第一二极管D1、第二二极管D2、第三二极管D3、第四二极管D4、第六电阻R6、第七电阻R7、及电流互感器BT；其中，
所述电流互感器BT一次侧的第一端与所述开关电路300的输出端连接，所述电流互感器BT一次侧的第二端与所述电机400的第一端连接，所述电流互感器BT二次侧的第一端与所述第一二极管D1的阳极连接，所述电流互感器BT二次侧的第二端与所述第二二极管D2的阴极连接；所述第一二极管D1的阴极与所述第六电阻R6的第一端连接；所述第二二极管D2的阳极接地；所述第三二极管D3的阳极与所述第二二极管D2的阳极连接，所述第三二极管D3的阴极与所述第一二极管D1的阳极连接；所述第四二极管D4的阳极与所述第二二极管D2的阴极连接，所述第四二极管D4的阴极与所述第一二极管D1的阴极连接；所述第六电阻R6的第二端与所述控制器100的第一反馈端FB1连接，所述第六电阻R6的第二端与所述第七电阻R7的第一端连接，所述第七电阻R7的第二端接地。
需要说明的是，电流互感器BT通过电磁感应原理对输入至电机400的电流进行采样。第一二极管D1、第二二极管D2、第三二极管D3、第四二极管D4构成整流电路，对采样的电流信号进行整流。第六电阻R6及第七电阻R7构成分压电路，将整流后的电流信号转换成电压信号，再反馈至控制器100。本实施例，电机400的工作电压为交流220V（伏特），通过控制器100进行计算后，便可得到电机400的实时功率。
进一步地，所述功率检测电路500还包括第八电阻R8、第二电容C2、第三电容C3及第四电容C4；所述第二电容C2的第一端与所述第一二极管D1的阴极连接，所述第二电容C2的第二端与所述第二二极管D2的阳极连接；所述第八电阻R8的第一端与所述第二电容C2的第一端连接，所述第八电阻R8的第二端与所述第二电容C2的第二端连接；所述第三电容C3的第一端与所述第七电阻R7的第一端连接，所述第三电容C3的第二端与所述第七电阻R7的第二端连接；所述第四电容C4并联于所述第三电容C3的第一端和所述第三电容C3的第二端之间。
第八电阻R8、第二电容C2、第三电容C3及第四电容C4构成滤波电路，进一步对电流信号进行滤波，以提高抗干扰能力。
本实施例中，所述控制器100采用控制芯片实现，例如单片机等。
请继续参照图2，转速检测电路200还包括第一电源VCC1、限流电阻Rs、第九电阻R9、及第十电阻R10，霍尔传感器SEN（即图3中的霍尔传感器210）的电源端经限流电阻Rs与所述第一电源VCC1连接；霍尔传感器SEN的接地端接地；第一电源VCC1经第九电阻R9与霍尔传感器SEN的输出端连接，霍尔传感器SEN的输出端还经第十电阻R10与控制器100的第二反馈端FB2连接。
本实施例中，电阻、电容及二极管等元器件均焊接于一PCB板70（参图3）上，以减小占用空间。该PCB板70设置于破壁机的底座上。该霍尔传感器SEN与PCB板70电连接。
本发明技术方案通过功率检测电路500及转速检测电路200同时对食物是否被搅打完毕进行判断，避免了现有技术方案中的电机400工作时间设定过长，食物已搅打完毕后破壁机的电机还继续工作，从而节省了电能，降低了破壁机内电机的功耗。
本发明还提出一种破壁机，该破壁机包括如上所述的电机控制电路，该电机控制电路的具体结构参照上述实施例，由于本破壁机采用了上述所有实施例的全部技术方案，因此至少具有上述实施例的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果，在此不再一一赘述。
本实施例中，该破壁机还包括杯盖10、搅拌杯20、及底座30。电机400设置于底座30，搅拌杯20底部还设置有搅拌刀（图中未标出），将搅拌杯20放置于底座30上时，搅拌刀与电机400转轴卡合。电机400通电后，电机400带动搅拌刀旋转，以对食物进行搅打。
所述破壁机还包括加热装置（图中未示出），该加热装置可采用电磁加热。该加热装置的电磁加热线圈设置于破壁机的底座30。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是在本发明的发明构思下，利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种电机控制电路，其特征在于，包括控制器、转速检测电路、开关电路及电机；其中，
    所述开关电路，切断或接通输入至所述电机的外部电源；
    所述转速检测电路，对所述电机的转速进行检测；
    在检测到所述电机的转速处于预设转速范围时，所述控制器控制所述开关电路切断输入至所述电机的外部电源。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电机控制电路，其特征在于，所述电机包括转轴，转轴的一端设有风扇叶，风扇叶的一叶片上设置有磁性元件；其中，
    所述转速检测电路包括霍尔传感器，所述霍尔传感器靠近所述磁性元件；所述霍尔传感器对所述电机的转速进行采样并转换成脉冲信号。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的电机控制电路，其特征在于，所述风扇叶旋转时，所述磁性元件随之旋转；在所述磁性元件接近所述霍尔传感器时被检测到，霍尔传感器感应得到第一电平；在所述磁性元件远离所述霍尔传感器时未被检测到，霍尔传感器感应得到第二电平。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的电机控制电路，其特征在于，所述电机控制电路还包括功率检测电路，所述功率检测电路对所述电机的功率进行检测；在检测到所述电机的转速处于预设转速范围且所述电机的功率处于预设功率范围时，所述控制器控制开关电路切断输入至所述电机的外部电源。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的电机控制电路，其特征在于，所述电机包括转轴，转轴的一端设有风扇叶，风扇叶的一叶片上设置有磁性元件；其中，
    所述转速检测电路包括霍尔传感器，所述霍尔传感器靠近所述磁性元件；所述霍尔传感器对所述电机的转速进行采样并转换成脉冲信号。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的电机控制电路，其特征在于，所述风扇叶旋转时，所述磁性元件随之旋转；在所述磁性元件接近所述霍尔传感器时被检测到，霍尔传感器感应得到第一电平；在所述磁性元件远离所述霍尔传感器时未被检测到，霍尔传感器感应得到第二电平。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的电机控制电路，其特征在于，所述开关电路的输入端与所述外部电源连接，所述开关电路的输出端与所述功率检测电路的第一检测端连接，所述功率检测电路的第二检测端与所述电机的第一端连接，所述电机的第二端也与所述外部电源连接；所述功率检测电路的输出端与所述控制器的第一反馈端连接，所述霍尔传感器与所述控制器的第二反馈端连接，所述控制器的驱动端还与所述开关电路的受控端连接。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的电机控制电路，其特征在于，所述开关电路包括第一电阻、第二电阻、第三电阻、第四电阻、第一三极管、及可控硅；其中，
    所述可控硅的阳极与所述外部电源连接，所述可控硅的阴极与所述功率检测电路的第一检测端连接，所述可控硅的控制极经所述第一电阻与所述第一三极管的集电极连接；所述第二电阻的第一端与所述可控硅的阳极连接，所述第二电阻的第二端与所述可控硅的控制极连接；所述第一三极管的发射极接地，所述第一三极管的基极经所述第三电阻与所述控制器的驱动端连接；所述第四电阻的第一端与所述第一三极管的发射极连接，所述第四电阻的第二端与所述第一三极管的基极连接。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的电机控制电路，其特征在于，所述开关电路还包括第五电阻及第一电容，所述第五电阻的第一端与所述可控硅的阳极连接，所述第五电阻的第二端与所述第一电容的第一端连接，所述第一电容的第二端与所述可控硅的阴极连接。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的电机控制电路，其特征在于，其特征在于，所述电机包括转轴，转轴的一端设有风扇叶，风扇叶的一叶片上设置有磁性元件；其中，
    所述转速检测电路包括霍尔传感器，所述霍尔传感器靠近所述磁性元件；所述霍尔传感器对所述电机的转速进行采样并转换成脉冲信号。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电机控制电路，其特征在于，所述风扇叶旋转时，所述磁性元件随之旋转；在所述磁性元件接近所述霍尔传感器时被检测到，霍尔传感器感应得到第一电平；在所述磁性元件远离所述霍尔传感器时未被检测到，霍尔传感器感应得到第二电平。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的电机控制电路，其特征在于，所述电机控制电路还包括功率检测电路，所述功率检测电路对所述电机的功率进行检测；在检测到所述电机的转速处于预设转速范围且所述电机的功率处于预设功率范围时，所述控制器控制开关电路切断输入至所述电机的外部电源。
  13. 如权利要求4所述的电机控制电路，其特征在于，所述功率检测电路包括第一二极管、第二二极管、第三二极管、第四二极管、第六电阻、第七电阻、及电流互感器；其中，
    所述电流互感器一次侧的第一端与所述开关电路的输出端连接，所述电流互感器一次侧的第二端与所述电机的第一端连接，所述电流互感器二次侧的第一端与所述第一二极管的阳极连接，所述电流互感器二次侧的第二端与所述第二二极管的阴极连接；所述第一二极管的阴极与所述第六电阻的第一端连接；所述第二二极管的阳极接地；所述第三二极管的阳极与所述第二二极管的阳极连接，所述第三二极管的阴极与所述第一二极管的阳极连接；所述第四二极管的阳极与所述第二二极管的阴极连接，所述第四二极管的阴极与所述第一二极管的阴极连接；所述第六电阻的第二端与所述控制器的第一反馈端连接，所述第六电阻的第二端与所述第七电阻的第一端连接，所述第七电阻的第二端接地。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的电机控制电路，其特征在于，所述功率检测电路还包括第八电阻、第二电容、第三电容及第四电容；所述第二电容的第一端与所述第一二极管的阴极连接，所述第二电容的第二端与所述第二二极管的阳极连接；所述第八电阻的第一端与所述第二电容的第一端连接，所述第八电阻的第二端与所述第二电容的第二端连接；所述第三电容的第一端与所述第七电阻的第一端连接，所述第三电容的第二端与所述第七电阻的第二端连接；所述第四电容并联于所述第三电容的第一端和所述第三电容的第二端之间。
  15. 一种破壁机，其特征在于，所述破壁机包括如权利要求1所述的电机控制电路，该电机控制电路包括控制器、转速检测电路、开关电路及电机；其中，
    所述开关电路，切断或接通输入至所述电机的外部电源；
    所述转速检测电路，对所述电机的转速进行检测；
    在检测到所述电机的转速处于预设转速范围时，所述控制器控制所述开关电路切断输入至所述电机的外部电源。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的破壁机，其特征在于，所述电机包括转轴，转轴的一端设有风扇叶，风扇叶的一叶片上设置有磁性元件；其中，
    所述转速检测电路包括霍尔传感器，所述霍尔传感器靠近所述磁性元件；所述霍尔传感器对所述电机的转速进行采样并转换成脉冲信号。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的破壁机，其特征在于，所述风扇叶旋转时，所述磁性元件随之旋转；在所述磁性元件接近所述霍尔传感器时被检测到，霍尔传感器感应得到第一电平；在所述磁性元件远离所述霍尔传感器时未被检测到，霍尔传感器感应得到第二电平。
  18. 如权利要求15所述的破壁机，其特征在于，所述电机控制电路还包括功率检测电路，所述功率检测电路对所述电机的功率进行检测；在检测到所述电机的转速处于预设转速范围且所述电机的功率处于预设功率范围时，所述控制器控制开关电路切断输入至所述电机的外部电源。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的破壁机，其特征在于，所述功率检测电路包括第一二极管、第二二极管、第三二极管、第四二极管、第六电阻、第七电阻、及电流互感器；其中，
    所述电流互感器一次侧的第一端与所述开关电路的输出端连接，所述电流互感器一次侧的第二端与所述电机的第一端连接，所述电流互感器二次侧的第一端与所述第一二极管的阳极连接，所述电流互感器二次侧的第二端与所述第二二极管的阴极连接；所述第一二极管的阴极与所述第六电阻的第一端连接；所述第二二极管的阳极接地；所述第三二极管的阳极与所述第二二极管的阳极连接，所述第三二极管的阴极与所述第一二极管的阳极连接；所述第四二极管的阳极与所述第二二极管的阴极连接，所述第四二极管的阴极与所述第一二极管的阴极连接；所述第六电阻的第二端与所述控制器的第一反馈端连接，所述第六电阻的第二端与所述第七电阻的第一端连接，所述第七电阻的第二端接地。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的破壁机，其特征在于，所述功率检测电路还包括第八电阻、第二电容、第三电容及第四电容；所述第二电容的第一端与所述第一二极管的阴极连接，所述第二电容的第二端与所述第二二极管的阳极连接；所述第八电阻的第一端与所述第二电容的第一端连接，所述第八电阻的第二端与所述第二电容的第二端连接；所述第三电容的第一端与所述第七电阻的第一端连接，所述第三电容的第二端与所述第七电阻的第二端连接；所述第四电容并联于所述第三电容的第一端和所述第三电容的第二端之间。
PCT/CN2017/091504 2016-07-11 2017-07-03 电机控制电路及破壁机 WO2018010563A1 (zh)

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CN205029583U (zh) * 2015-10-19 2016-02-10 广东美的生活电器制造有限公司 食品料理机及其电机控制装置
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