WO2018010404A1 - 电源及电气设备 - Google Patents

电源及电气设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018010404A1
WO2018010404A1 PCT/CN2017/070287 CN2017070287W WO2018010404A1 WO 2018010404 A1 WO2018010404 A1 WO 2018010404A1 CN 2017070287 W CN2017070287 W CN 2017070287W WO 2018010404 A1 WO2018010404 A1 WO 2018010404A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
capacitor
circuit
secondary coil
power
input
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/070287
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
鲍晓杰
陈建忠
杨寄桃
Original Assignee
深圳创维－Rgb电子有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 深圳创维－Rgb电子有限公司 filed Critical 深圳创维－Rgb电子有限公司
Publication of WO2018010404A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018010404A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/44—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for electromagnetic interference in converters or inverters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electronic circuit technologies, and in particular, to a power source and an electrical device using the same.
  • the power of a large-sized TV set is large.
  • the power supply of the TV set, the constant current control module, the main control board, and the driver board are usually on the same PCB.
  • the traditional TV power supply adopts the EF type transformer, which combines the leakage magnetic inductance and the transformer body, resulting in a large power consumption, accounting for a large PCB area and low efficiency.
  • the main object of the present invention is to provide a power source, which aims to improve the conversion efficiency of the power source and reduce the space occupied by the power source.
  • the present invention provides a power supply including an LLC control circuit, an input rectification circuit, a switch circuit, and an LLC transformer;
  • the LLC transformer includes an EQ type transformer and a leakage magnetic inductance, and the leakage inductance is externally placed The EQ type transformer, wherein
  • the input rectifying circuit rectifies the input mains into a direct current
  • the LLC control circuit controls the switch module to be turned on or off to convert the DC power outputted from the input rectifier circuit into a pulsating DC power and transmit it to the LLC transformer;
  • the LLC transformer performs voltage conversion on the input pulsating direct current and outputs it to a load.
  • the power source further includes an output high voltage output circuit and a low voltage output circuit, and the high voltage output circuit and the low voltage output circuit respectively output direct currents of different voltages to the load.
  • the power supply further includes a single-stage EMI filter circuit and a PFC control circuit; the input end of the single-stage EMI filter circuit is connected to the mains, and the output end of the single-stage EMI filter circuit is connected to the input rectification circuit An input end of the PFC control circuit is connected, an output end of the PFC control circuit is connected to an input end of the switch circuit; the LLC control circuit is connected to a controlled end of the switch circuit; an output of the switch circuit The output is connected to the input end of the high voltage output circuit and the input end of the low voltage output circuit via the LLC transformer, and the output end of the high voltage output circuit and the output end of the low voltage output circuit are connected to the load.
  • the single-stage EMI filter circuit includes a first X capacitor, a second X capacitor, a first Y capacitor, a second Y capacitor, a third Y capacitor, a fourth Y capacitor, and a common mode inductor;
  • the first end of the first X capacitor is connected to the phase line of the main power, the second end of the first X capacitor is connected to the neutral line of the main power; the first end of the first Y capacitor and the first end a first end of the X capacitor is connected, a second end of the first Y capacitor is grounded; a first end of the second Y capacitor is grounded, and a second end of the second Y capacitor is opposite to the first X capacitor a second end connection; the first input end of the common mode inductor is coupled to the first end of the first Y capacitor, the second input end of the common mode inductor and the second end of the second Y capacitor Connecting, the first output end of the common mode inductor is connected to the first end of the third Y capacitor, the second end of the third Y capacitor is grounded; the first end of the fourth Y capacitor is grounded, The second end of the fourth Y capacitor is connected to the second output end of the common mode inductor; the first end of the second X capacitor is connected to the first end of the third
  • the switch circuit includes a first power tube and a second power tube; an input end of the first power tube is connected to an output end of the PFC control circuit, and an output end of the first power tube is An input end of the LLC transformer is connected, a controlled end of the first power tube is connected to the LLC control circuit; an input end of the second power tube is connected to an output end of the first power tube, the second The output of the power tube is grounded, and the controlled end of the second power tube is coupled to the LLC control circuit.
  • the LLC transformer further includes a resonant capacitor, the EQ type transformer including a primary coil, a first secondary coil, a second secondary coil, a third secondary coil, and a fourth secondary coil;
  • a first end of the resonant capacitor is connected to an output end of the first power tube, a second end of the resonant capacitor is connected to a first end of the first inductor, and a second end of the first inductor is a first end of the primary coil is connected, a second end of the primary coil is grounded; a first end of the first secondary coil is connected to an input end of the output rectifier circuit, the first secondary coil The second end is grounded, the first end of the second secondary coil is coupled to the input of the output rectifier circuit, and the second end of the second secondary coil is coupled to the second end of the first secondary coil Connecting; the first end of the third secondary coil is grounded, the second end of the third secondary coil is connected to the input end of the output rectifier circuit, and the first end of the fourth secondary coil is The first end of the third secondary coil is connected, and the second end of the fourth secondary coil is connected to the input of the output rectifier circuit.
  • the high voltage output circuit includes a first diode, a second diode, and a first filter capacitor;
  • the low voltage output circuit includes a third diode, a fourth diode, and a second filter capacitor
  • the anode of the first diode is connected to the first end of the first secondary coil, and the cathode of the first diode is connected to the first end of the first filter capacitor, the first a second end of the filter capacitor is grounded;
  • an anode of the second diode is coupled to a first end of the second secondary coil, a cathode of the second diode is first to the first filter capacitor An end connection;
  • an anode of the third diode is coupled to a second end of the third secondary coil, and a cathode of the third diode is coupled to a first end of the second filter capacitor, a second end of the second filter capacitor is grounded;
  • an anode of the fourth diode is coupled to a second end of the fourth secondary coil, a
  • the power source includes a PCB board, and components of the power source are disposed on the PCB board; the power board pad is disposed on the PCB board; the power device pad is provided with a first via hole, A via extends to the edge of the power device pad, and a plurality of second vias are uniformly formed on the peripheral side of the first via; the first via and the second via are filled with a thermally conductive metal.
  • the PCB board is symmetrically opened with a slot near the position of the power device pad.
  • the invention also provides an electrical device comprising a power supply as described above;
  • the power supply comprises an LLC control circuit, an input rectifier circuit, a switch circuit, and an LLC transformer;
  • the LLC transformer includes an EQ type transformer and magnetic flux leakage An inductance, the leakage inductance is externally placed in the EQ type transformer, wherein
  • the input rectifying circuit rectifies the input mains into a direct current
  • the LLC control circuit controls the switch module to be turned on or off to convert the DC power outputted from the input rectifier circuit into a pulsating DC power and transmit it to the LLC transformer;
  • the LLC transformer performs voltage conversion on the input pulsating direct current and outputs it to a load.
  • the power source further includes an output high voltage output circuit and a low voltage output circuit, and the high voltage output circuit and the low voltage output circuit respectively output direct currents of different voltages to the load.
  • the power supply further includes a single-stage EMI filter circuit and a PFC control circuit; the input end of the single-stage EMI filter circuit is connected to the mains, and the output end of the single-stage EMI filter circuit is connected to the input rectification circuit An input end of the PFC control circuit is connected, an output end of the PFC control circuit is connected to an input end of the switch circuit; the LLC control circuit is connected to a controlled end of the switch circuit; an output of the switch circuit The output is connected to the input end of the high voltage output circuit and the input end of the low voltage output circuit via the LLC transformer, and the output end of the high voltage output circuit and the output end of the low voltage output circuit are connected to the load.
  • the single-stage EMI filter circuit includes a first X capacitor, a second X capacitor, a first Y capacitor, a second Y capacitor, a third Y capacitor, a fourth Y capacitor, and a common mode inductor;
  • the first end of the first X capacitor is connected to the phase line of the main power, the second end of the first X capacitor is connected to the neutral line of the main power; the first end of the first Y capacitor and the first end a first end of the X capacitor is connected, a second end of the first Y capacitor is grounded; a first end of the second Y capacitor is grounded, and a second end of the second Y capacitor is opposite to the first X capacitor a second end connection; the first input end of the common mode inductor is coupled to the first end of the first Y capacitor, the second input end of the common mode inductor and the second end of the second Y capacitor Connecting, the first output end of the common mode inductor is connected to the first end of the third Y capacitor, the second end of the third Y capacitor is grounded; the first end of the fourth Y capacitor is grounded, The second end of the fourth Y capacitor is connected to the second output end of the common mode inductor; the first end of the second X capacitor is connected to the first end of the third
  • the switch circuit includes a first power tube and a second power tube; an input end of the first power tube is connected to an output end of the PFC control circuit, and an output end of the first power tube is An input end of the LLC transformer is connected, a controlled end of the first power tube is connected to the LLC control circuit; an input end of the second power tube is connected to an output end of the first power tube, the second The output of the power tube is grounded, and the controlled end of the second power tube is coupled to the LLC control circuit.
  • the LLC transformer further includes a resonant capacitor, the EQ type transformer including a primary coil, a first secondary coil, a second secondary coil, a third secondary coil, and a fourth secondary coil;
  • a first end of the resonant capacitor is connected to an output end of the first power tube, a second end of the resonant capacitor is connected to a first end of the first inductor, and a second end of the first inductor is a first end of the primary coil is connected, a second end of the primary coil is grounded; a first end of the first secondary coil is connected to an input end of the output rectifier circuit, the first secondary coil The second end is grounded, the first end of the second secondary coil is coupled to the input of the output rectifier circuit, and the second end of the second secondary coil is coupled to the second end of the first secondary coil Connecting; the first end of the third secondary coil is grounded, the second end of the third secondary coil is connected to the input end of the output rectifier circuit, and the first end of the fourth secondary coil is The first end of the third secondary coil is connected, and the second end of the fourth secondary coil is connected to the input of the output rectifier circuit.
  • the high voltage output circuit includes a first diode, a second diode, and a first filter capacitor;
  • the low voltage output circuit includes a third diode, a fourth diode, and a second filter capacitor
  • the anode of the first diode is connected to the first end of the first secondary coil, and the cathode of the first diode is connected to the first end of the first filter capacitor, the first a second end of the filter capacitor is grounded;
  • an anode of the second diode is coupled to a first end of the second secondary coil, a cathode of the second diode is first to the first filter capacitor An end connection;
  • an anode of the third diode is coupled to a second end of the third secondary coil, and a cathode of the third diode is coupled to a first end of the second filter capacitor, a second end of the second filter capacitor is grounded;
  • an anode of the fourth diode is coupled to a second end of the fourth secondary coil, a
  • the power source includes a PCB board, and components of the power source are disposed on the PCB board; the power board pad is disposed on the PCB board; the power device pad is provided with a first via hole, A via extends to the edge of the power device pad, and a plurality of second vias are uniformly formed on the peripheral side of the first via; the first via and the second via are filled with a thermally conductive metal.
  • the PCB board is symmetrically opened with a slot near the position of the power device pad.
  • the technical solution of the present invention forms a power source by providing an LLC control circuit, an input rectifier circuit, a switch circuit, and an LLC transformer.
  • an LLC transformer By externally placing the leakage inductance on the EQ transformer, the volume of the LLC transformer is reduced.
  • the EQ transformer With the EQ transformer, the conversion efficiency of the LLC transformer is high due to the efficient use of the core structure, and the same output power is satisfied.
  • the LLC transformer is reduced in size, reducing the PCB area corresponding to the power supply, resulting in lower cost and improved conversion efficiency of the power supply.
  • FIG. 1 is a functional block diagram of an embodiment of a power supply according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a power supply according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a single-stage EMI filter circuit according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of heat dissipation of a power device according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of a magnetic core of an EQ type transformer according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an LLC transformer of the present invention.
  • first, second, and the like in the present invention are used for the purpose of description only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated.
  • features defining “first” or “second” may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
  • the technical solutions between the various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be based on the realization of those skilled in the art, and when the combination of the technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that the combination of the technical solutions does not exist. It is also within the scope of protection required by the present invention.
  • the invention proposes a power supply.
  • the power supply includes an LLC control circuit 100 , an input rectification circuit 200 , a switch circuit 300 , and an LLC transformer 400 ;
  • the LLC transformer 400 includes an EQ type transformer T and a leakage inductance Lr, the leakage inductance Lr is externally disposed in the EQ type transformer T; wherein the input rectification circuit 200 rectifies the input mains into a direct current; the LLC control circuit 100 controls the switch
  • the module is turned on or off to convert the direct current output from the input rectifier circuit 200 into a pulsating direct current and transmitted to the LLC transformer 400.
  • the LLC transformer 400 performs voltage conversion on the input pulsating direct current and outputs the voltage to the load.
  • the transformer T adopts an EQ type transformer T, and the core utilization ratio of the EQ type transformer T of this type is high, so that the conversion efficiency of the EQ type transformer T is high, and the same output is satisfied at the same time. In the case of power, the volume of the EQ type transformer T is further reduced.
  • the leakage magnetic inductance Lr of FIG. 6 is connected to the primary coil of the EQ type transformer core, wherein the input end of the LLC transformer is Vin, and the output end of the LLC transformer is Vout.
  • the power source is applied to a television set for supplying power to a backlight constant current source in the television set.
  • the technical solution of the present invention forms a power supply by providing an LLC control circuit 100, an input rectifier circuit 200, a switch circuit 300, and an LLC transformer 400.
  • an LLC transformer 400 By externally placing the leakage magnetic inductance Lr on the EQ type transformer T, the volume of the LLC transformer 400 is reduced; by using the EQ type transformer T, the conversion efficiency of the LLC transformer 400 is high due to the efficient use of the structure of the magnetic core, and is satisfied at the same time.
  • the LLC transformer 400 is reduced in size, reducing the PCB area corresponding to the power supply, resulting in lower cost and improved conversion efficiency of the power supply.
  • the power supply further includes an output high voltage output circuit 500 and a low voltage output circuit 600, and the high voltage output circuit 500 and the low voltage output circuit 600 respectively output direct currents of different voltages to the load.
  • the traditional power output is 24V and then delivered to BOOST.
  • the output voltage is 48V, which makes the output current smaller, the conversion efficiency is high, and the temperature rise is lower.
  • the output voltage of the high voltage output circuit 500 is 48V, which is used to supply power to the TV backlight constant current source; the output voltage of the low voltage output circuit is 12V, which is used to supply power to the driving board of the television.
  • the power supply further includes a single-stage EMI filter circuit 700 and a PFC control circuit 800; the input end of the single-stage EMI filter circuit 700 is connected to the mains, and the output end of the single-stage EMI filter circuit 700 is An input rectifier circuit 200 is coupled to an input of the PFC control circuit 800, an output of the PFC control circuit 800 is coupled to an input of the switch circuit 300; the LLC control circuit and a controlled end of the switch circuit Connecting, the output end of the switching circuit is respectively connected to the input end of the high voltage output circuit 500 and the input end of the low voltage output circuit 600 via the LLC transformer, the output end of the high voltage output circuit 500 and the low voltage output circuit 600 The output is connected to the load.
  • the single-stage EMI filter circuit 700 can prevent the harmonic noise of the power grid from being crosstalked to the power source, affecting the normal operation of the power equipment, and avoiding the noise harmonics generated by the operation of the power equipment to feed into the power grid, thereby affecting the quality of the power grid.
  • the single-stage EMI filter circuit 700 includes a first X capacitor Cx1, a second X capacitor Cx2, a first Y capacitor Cy1, a second Y capacitor Cy2, a third Y capacitor Cy3, and a fourth Y capacitor.
  • Cy4 and common mode inductor LF among them,
  • the first end of the first X capacitor Cx1 is connected to the phase line of the mains, the second end of the first X capacitor Cx1 is connected to the neutral line of the mains; the first end of the first Y capacitor Cy1 is a first end of the first X capacitor Cx1 is connected, a second end of the first Y capacitor Cy1 is grounded; a first end of the second Y capacitor Cy2 is grounded, and a second end of the second Y capacitor Cy2 Connected to the second end of the first X capacitor Cx1; the first input end of the common mode inductor LF is connected to the first end of the first Y capacitor Cy1, and the second input end of the common mode inductor LF Connected to the second end of the second Y capacitor Cy2; the first output end of the common mode inductor LF is connected to the first end of the third Y capacitor Cy3, and the second end of the third Y capacitor Cy3 Grounding; a first end of the fourth Y capacitor Cy4 is grounded, a second end of the
  • the single-stage EMI filter circuit 700 In order to balance the line impedance and avoid the common mode noise from being converted into differential mode noise, the single-stage EMI filter circuit 700 simultaneously designs the common mode stage and the differential mode stage to be symmetrically balanced. This filter circuit structure can obtain good high frequency. attenuation.
  • the first X capacitor and the second X capacitor are used to balance the noise on the L-N line, that is, to filter out the differential mode noise, and generally select a capacity of 0.22 uF or 0.47 uF.
  • LF is a common mode toroidal coil inductor
  • Cy1, Cy2, Cy3, and Cy4 are L (phase line) and N (neutral) bypass capacitors, which are called Y capacitors. They form a ⁇ -type filter circuit with the common mode inductor LF. Used to filter common mode noise.
  • the common mode inductance LF is 18 mH (millihen).
  • the value of the Y capacitor here is different depending on the intensity of the output common mode noise. Generally, the value of the Y capacitor is 100pF ⁇ 4700pF in the range of leakage current that meets the safety requirements.
  • the single-stage EMI filter circuit eliminates a common mode inductor, which effectively reduces the occupied space of the single-stage EMI filter circuit.
  • the first X capacitor Cx1, the first Y capacitor Cy1, the second Y capacitor Cy2, and the second X capacitor Cx2, the third Y capacitor Cy3, and the fourth Y capacitor Cy4 form a symmetric ⁇ -type filter circuit. It can prevent the harmonic noise of the power grid from being crosstalked to the power supply, affecting the normal operation of the equipment, and avoiding the noise harmonics generated by the equipment work from being fed into the power grid, affecting the quality of the power grid, so-called electromagnetic compatibility, so that EMI conduction and radiation pass through the enterprise. Standards reduce costs and reduce the PCB area of the power supply.
  • the switch circuit 300 includes a first power tube Q1 and a second power tube Q2; an input end of the first power tube Q1 is connected to an output end of the PFC control circuit 800, and the first power tube Q1
  • the output end is connected to the input end of the LLC transformer 400, the controlled end of the first power tube Q1 is connected to the LLC control circuit 100; the input end of the second power tube Q2 is connected to the first power
  • the output end of the tube Q1 is connected, the output end of the second power tube Q2 is grounded, and the controlled end of the second power tube Q2 is connected to the LLC control circuit 100.
  • the first power tube Q1 and the second power tube Q2 are both MOS tubes.
  • the LLC control circuit 100 controls the first power tube Q1 and the second power tube Q2 to be turned on in turn, thereby converting the electric energy through the EQ type transformer T and transmitting it to the load.
  • the power supply further includes an output rectifier circuit 700, and the output rectifier circuit 700 rectifies the DC power output by the LLC transformer 400 and outputs the same to the load.
  • the LLC transformer 400 further includes a resonant capacitor Cr
  • the EQ-type transformer T includes a primary coil, a first secondary coil, a second secondary coil, a third secondary coil, and a fourth secondary coil; ,
  • a first end of the resonant capacitor Cr is connected to an output end of the first power transistor Q1, and a second end of the resonant capacitor Cr is connected to a first end of the first inductor; a second end is connected to the first end of the primary coil, a second end of the primary coil is grounded; a first end of the first secondary coil is connected to an input end of the output rectifier circuit 700, the first a second end of the secondary coil is grounded, a first end of the second secondary coil is coupled to an input of the output rectifier circuit 700, and a second end of the second secondary coil is coupled to the first secondary a second end of the coil is connected; a first end of the third secondary coil is grounded, and a second end of the third secondary coil is connected to an input of the output rectifier circuit 700, the fourth secondary coil The first end is coupled to the first end of the third secondary winding, and the second end of the fourth secondary winding is coupled to the input of the output rectifier circuit 700.
  • the EQ type transformer T adopts the EQ type magnetic core as shown in Fig. 5.
  • the EQ type magnetic core has a large wall area, and can fully enclose the coil of the EQ type transformer T, and fully magnetically generate the magnetic lines generated when the EQ type transformer T works. Excitation in the core makes the conversion efficiency of the transformer high.
  • the leakage magnetic inductance Lr that is not directly involved in energy transfer uses an E-type magnetic core, which reduces the cost and reduces the volume.
  • the primary coil in the EQ type transformer T is used as the magnetizing inductance Lm, and the leakage magnetic inductance Lr is not directly involved in coupling the electric energy to the secondary side, and the exciting inductance Lm in the EQ type transformer T directly participates in coupling the electric energy to the secondary side. Therefore, the EQ type transformer T adopts an EQ type magnetic core to fully transfer energy and improve conversion efficiency, and at the same time, the leakage magnetic inductance Lr is separately externally processed by the E type magnetic core.
  • the LLC control circuit 100 outputs a high level to the gate of the first power transistor Q1, achieving zero voltage conduction of the first power transistor Q1, reducing the conduction loss of the first power transistor Q1.
  • the resonant current in the leakage inductance Lr starts to increase in a sinusoidal form.
  • the current in the leakage inductance Lr is greater than the current in the excitation inductance Lm, and a difference is formed between the two.
  • the magnetizing inductance Lm is charged and stored in the process, and the leakage magnetic inductance Lr and the exciting inductance Lm and the resonant capacitor Cr form a series resonant circuit.
  • the LLC control circuit 100 controls the first power transistor Q1 to be turned off, at which time the second power transistor Q2 is also in an off state. Further, the resonant capacitor Cr charges the junction capacitance of the first power transistor Q1 while discharging the junction capacitance of the second power transistor Q2. At this time, the current of Lm in the magnetizing inductance is larger than the current in the leakage magnetic inductance Lr, The difference between the two flows through the primary coil of the EQ transformer T. When the junction capacitance of the second power transistor Q2 is discharged, the second power transistor Q2 is turned on, and the operation of the second power transistor Q2 is similar to that of the first power transistor, and will not be repeated here.
  • the half-bridge soft switching technology combining the PFC control circuit 800 and the LLC control circuit 100 is adopted, so that the power switching power device operates in a zero voltage and a zero current state in a switching state, thereby reducing switching loss.
  • the high voltage output circuit 500 includes a first diode D1, a second diode D2, and a first filter capacitor C1;
  • the low voltage output circuit 600 includes a third diode D3 and a fourth diode. D4, and a second filter capacitor C2; an anode of the first diode D1 is connected to a first end of the first secondary coil, a cathode of the first diode D1 and the first filter capacitor a first end of C1 is connected, a second end of the first filter capacitor C1 is grounded;
  • an anode of the second diode D2 is connected to a first end of the second secondary coil, the second diode a cathode of the tube D2 is connected to a first end of the first filter capacitor C1;
  • an anode of the third diode D3 is connected to a second end of the third secondary coil, the third diode D3 a cathode connected to the first end of the second filter capacitor C2, a second end of the second filter
  • the output voltage of the first end of the first filter capacitor C1 is 42V
  • the output voltage of the second filter capacitor C2 is 12V
  • the power supply includes a PCB board 10, and components of the power supply are disposed on the PCB board 10; the PCB board 10 is provided with power device pads (not shown); The power device pad is provided with a first via hole 11.
  • the first via hole 11 extends beyond the edge of the power device pad, so that after the device is pasted, the PCB is transparent on the board, so that the via hole can be immersed in the tin furnace.
  • a plurality of second via holes 12 are evenly opened on the circumferential side of the first via hole 11; the first via hole 11 and the second via hole 12 are filled with a heat conductive metal.
  • the heat conducting metal is tin
  • the diameter of the first via hole 11 is much larger than the diameter of the second via hole 12.
  • the center of the power device pad fills the copper via and extends outside the power device pad so that the solder can wet and plug the via when the tin is over. Effectively and fully transfer the heat of the power device to the PCB through the via heat sink under the power device pad; it is better than the conventional simple via heat dissipation.
  • Side-by-side and extension of the copper foil surface connected to the power device increases the via copper, so that when the tin furnace is passed, the solder can infiltrate and plug the via.
  • the PCB board 10 is symmetrically opened with a slot 13 near the position of the power device pad. Speed up air convection to speed up heat dissipation.
  • the through-hole tin-type heat dissipation is adopted, and there is no need to additionally provide a heat sink, thereby further reducing the space occupied by the power source.
  • the leakage magnetic inductance Lr and the EQ type transformer T are separately arranged, and the single-stage EMI filter and the through-hole tin-type heat dissipation are adopted, which reduces the area of the overall PCB board, reduces the power supply cost, and improves the power supply efficiency.
  • the present invention also provides an electrical device including the power supply as described above.
  • the specific structure of the power supply refers to the above embodiment. Since the electrical device adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, at least the above embodiment is provided. All the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solutions are not repeated here.

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Abstract

一种电源及电气设备，其中，该电源包括LLC控制电路（100）、输入整流电路（200）、开关电路（300）、及LLC变压器（400）；LLC变压器（400）包括EQ型变压器（T）及漏磁电感（Lr），漏磁电感（Lr）外置于EQ型变压器（T）；输入整流电路（200）将输入的市电整流成直流电；LLC控制电路（100）控制开关模块导通或关断，以将输入整流电路（200）输出的直流电转换成脉动直流电传送至LLC变压器（400）；LLC变压器（400）对输入的脉动直流电进行电压转换后输出至负载。从而提高了电源的转换效率并减小了电源占用空间。

Description

电源及电气设备
技术领域
本发明涉及电子电路技术领域，特别涉及一种电源及应用该电源的电气设备。
背景技术
大尺寸电视机的功率较大，为减小电视机的厚度，通常将电视机的电源、恒流控制模块、主控制板、驱动板等都做在同一PCB板上。传统电视机电源的采用EF型变压器，其将漏磁电感和变压器本体做在一起，造成电源占用体积大，占PCB板面积较大，且效率较低。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是提供一种电源，旨在提高电源的转换效率、减小电源占用空间。
为实现上述目的，本发明提出了一种电源，包括LLC控制电路、输入整流电路、开关电路、及LLC变压器；所述LLC变压器包括EQ型变压器及漏磁电感，所述漏磁电感外置于所述EQ型变压器，其中，
所述输入整流电路，将输入的市电整流成直流电；
所述LLC控制电路，控制所述开关模块导通或关断，以将输入整流电路输出的直流电转换成脉动直流电传送至LLC变压器；
所述LLC变压器对输入的所述脉动直流电进行电压转换后输出至负载。
优选地，所述电源还包括输出高压输出电路及低压输出电路，所述高压输出电路及低压输出电路的分别输出不同电压的直流电至所述负载。
优选地，所述电源还包括单级EMI滤波电路及PFC控制电路；所述单级EMI滤波电路的输入端接入市电，所述单级EMI滤波电路的输出端经所述输入整流电路与所述PFC控制电路的输入端连接，所述PFC控制电路的输出端与所述开关电路的输入端连接；所述LLC控制电路与所述开关电路的受控端连接；所述开关电路的输出端经所述LLC变压器分别与所述高压输出电路的输入端及低压输出电路的输入端连接，所述高压输出电路的输出端及低压输出电路的输出端连接至负载。
优选地，所述单级EMI滤波电路包括第一X电容、第二X电容、第一Y电容、第二Y电容、第三Y电容、第四Y电容、及共模电感；其中，
所述第一X电容的第一端与市电的相线连接，所述第一X电容的第二端与市电的零线连接；所述第一Y电容的第一端与所述第一X电容的第一端连接，所述第一Y电容的第二端接地；所述第二Y电容的第一端接地，所述第二Y电容的第二端与所述第一X电容的第二端连接；所述共模电感的第一输入端与所述第一Y电容的第一端连接，所述共模电感的第二输入端与所述第二Y电容的第二端连接；所述共模电感的第一输出端与所述第三Y电容的第一端连接，所述第三Y电容的第二端接地；所述第四Y电容的第一端接地，所述第四Y电容的第二端与所述共模电感的第二输出端连接；所述第二X电容的第一端与所述第三Y电容的第一端连接，所述第二X电容的第二端与所述第四Y电容的第二端连接。
优选地，所述开关电路包括第一功率管及第二功率管；所述第一功率管的输入端与所述PFC控制电路的输出端连接，所述第一功率管的输出端与所述LLC变压器的输入端连接，所述第一功率管的受控端与所述LLC控制电路连接；所述第二功率管的输入端与所述第一功率管的输出端连接，所述第二功率管的输出端接地，所述第二功率管的受控端与所述LLC控制电路连接。
优选地，所述LLC变压器还包括谐振电容，所述EQ型变压器包括初级线圈，第一次级线圈、第二次级线圈、第三次级线圈、及第四次级线圈；其中，
所述谐振电容的第一端与所述第一功率管的输出端连接，所述谐振电容的第二端与所述第一电感的第一端连接，所述第一电感的第二端与所述初级线圈的第一端连接，所述初级线圈的第二端接地；所述第一次级线圈的第一端与所述输出整流电路的输入端连接，所述第一次级线圈的第二端接地，所述第二次级线圈的第一端与所述输出整流电路的输入端连接，所述第二次级线圈的第二端与所述第一次级线圈的第二端连接；所述第三次级线圈的第一端接地，所述第三次级线圈的第二端与所述输出整流电路的输入端连接，所述第四次级线圈的第一端与所述第三次级线圈的第一端连接，所述第四次级线圈的第二端与所述输出整流电路的输入端连接。
优选地，所述高压输出电路包括第一二极管、第二二极管、及第一滤波电容；所述低压输出电路包括第三二极管、第四二极管、及第二滤波电容；所述第一二极管的阳极与所述第一次级线圈的第一端连接，所述第一二极管的阴极与所述第一滤波电容的第一端连接，所述第一滤波电容的第二端接地；所述第二二极管的阳极与所述第二次级线圈的第一端连接，所述第二二极管的阴极与所述第一滤波电容的第一端连接；所述第三二极管的阳极与所述第三次级线圈的第二端连接，所述第三二极管的阴极与所述第二滤波电容的第一端连接，所述第二滤波电容的第二端接地；所述第四二极管的阳极与所述第四次级线圈的第二端连接，所述第四二极管的阴极与所述第三二极管的阴极连接；所述第一滤波电容的第一端及第二滤波电容的第一端均连接至负载。
优选地，所述电源包括PCB板，所述电源的元器件均设置于所述PCB板；所述PCB板上设有功率器件焊盘；所述功率器件焊盘开设有第一过孔，第一过孔延伸至功率器件焊盘边缘外，所述第一过孔周侧还均匀开设有多个第二过孔；所述第一过孔及所述第二过孔填充有导热金属。
优选地，所述PCB板靠近所述功率器件焊盘的位置对称开设有槽孔。
本发明还提出一种电气设备，所述电气设备包括如上所述的电源；所述电源包括LLC控制电路、输入整流电路、开关电路、及LLC变压器；所述LLC变压器包括EQ型变压器及漏磁电感，所述漏磁电感外置于所述EQ型变压器，其中，
所述输入整流电路，将输入的市电整流成直流电；
所述LLC控制电路，控制所述开关模块导通或关断，以将输入整流电路输出的直流电转换成脉动直流电传送至LLC变压器；
所述LLC变压器对输入的所述脉动直流电进行电压转换后输出至负载。
优选地，所述电源还包括输出高压输出电路及低压输出电路，所述高压输出电路及低压输出电路的分别输出不同电压的直流电至所述负载。
优选地，所述电源还包括单级EMI滤波电路及PFC控制电路；所述单级EMI滤波电路的输入端接入市电，所述单级EMI滤波电路的输出端经所述输入整流电路与所述PFC控制电路的输入端连接，所述PFC控制电路的输出端与所述开关电路的输入端连接；所述LLC控制电路与所述开关电路的受控端连接；所述开关电路的输出端经所述LLC变压器分别与所述高压输出电路的输入端及低压输出电路的输入端连接，所述高压输出电路的输出端及低压输出电路的输出端连接至负载。
优选地，所述单级EMI滤波电路包括第一X电容、第二X电容、第一Y电容、第二Y电容、第三Y电容、第四Y电容、及共模电感；其中，
所述第一X电容的第一端与市电的相线连接，所述第一X电容的第二端与市电的零线连接；所述第一Y电容的第一端与所述第一X电容的第一端连接，所述第一Y电容的第二端接地；所述第二Y电容的第一端接地，所述第二Y电容的第二端与所述第一X电容的第二端连接；所述共模电感的第一输入端与所述第一Y电容的第一端连接，所述共模电感的第二输入端与所述第二Y电容的第二端连接；所述共模电感的第一输出端与所述第三Y电容的第一端连接，所述第三Y电容的第二端接地；所述第四Y电容的第一端接地，所述第四Y电容的第二端与所述共模电感的第二输出端连接；所述第二X电容的第一端与所述第三Y电容的第一端连接，所述第二X电容的第二端与所述第四Y电容的第二端连接。
优选地，所述开关电路包括第一功率管及第二功率管；所述第一功率管的输入端与所述PFC控制电路的输出端连接，所述第一功率管的输出端与所述LLC变压器的输入端连接，所述第一功率管的受控端与所述LLC控制电路连接；所述第二功率管的输入端与所述第一功率管的输出端连接，所述第二功率管的输出端接地，所述第二功率管的受控端与所述LLC控制电路连接。
优选地，所述LLC变压器还包括谐振电容，所述EQ型变压器包括初级线圈，第一次级线圈、第二次级线圈、第三次级线圈、及第四次级线圈；其中，
所述谐振电容的第一端与所述第一功率管的输出端连接，所述谐振电容的第二端与所述第一电感的第一端连接，所述第一电感的第二端与所述初级线圈的第一端连接，所述初级线圈的第二端接地；所述第一次级线圈的第一端与所述输出整流电路的输入端连接，所述第一次级线圈的第二端接地，所述第二次级线圈的第一端与所述输出整流电路的输入端连接，所述第二次级线圈的第二端与所述第一次级线圈的第二端连接；所述第三次级线圈的第一端接地，所述第三次级线圈的第二端与所述输出整流电路的输入端连接，所述第四次级线圈的第一端与所述第三次级线圈的第一端连接，所述第四次级线圈的第二端与所述输出整流电路的输入端连接。
优选地，所述高压输出电路包括第一二极管、第二二极管、及第一滤波电容；所述低压输出电路包括第三二极管、第四二极管、及第二滤波电容；所述第一二极管的阳极与所述第一次级线圈的第一端连接，所述第一二极管的阴极与所述第一滤波电容的第一端连接，所述第一滤波电容的第二端接地；所述第二二极管的阳极与所述第二次级线圈的第一端连接，所述第二二极管的阴极与所述第一滤波电容的第一端连接；所述第三二极管的阳极与所述第三次级线圈的第二端连接，所述第三二极管的阴极与所述第二滤波电容的第一端连接，所述第二滤波电容的第二端接地；所述第四二极管的阳极与所述第四次级线圈的第二端连接，所述第四二极管的阴极与所述第三二极管的阴极连接；所述第一滤波电容的第一端及第二滤波电容的第一端均连接至负载。
优选地，所述电源包括PCB板，所述电源的元器件均设置于所述PCB板；所述PCB板上设有功率器件焊盘；所述功率器件焊盘开设有第一过孔，第一过孔延伸至功率器件焊盘边缘外，所述第一过孔周侧还均匀开设有多个第二过孔；所述第一过孔及所述第二过孔填充有导热金属。
优选地，所述PCB板靠近所述功率器件焊盘的位置对称开设有槽孔。
本发明技术方案通过设置包括LLC控制电路、输入整流电路、开关电路、及LLC变压器，形成了一种电源。通过将漏磁电感外置于EQ型变压器，减小了LLC变压器的体积；采用EQ型变压器，因磁芯的结构有效利用，使得LLC变压器的转换效率较高，同时在满足相同输出功率的情况下，LLC变压器体积缩小了，减小了电源对应的PCB面积，使得成本较低，同时提高了电源的转换效率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明电源一实施例的功能模块图；
图2为本发明电源一实施例的结构示意图；
图3为本发明单级EMI滤波电路一实施例的结构示意图；
图4为本发明功率器件散热一实施例的结构示意图；
图5为本发明EQ型变压器的磁芯一实施例的结构示意图；
图6为本发明LLC变压器的结构示意图。
附图标号说明：
标号 名称 标号 名称
100 LLC控制电路 D1 第一二极管
200 输入整流电路 D2 第二二极管
300 开关电路 D3 第三二极管
400 LLC变压器 D4 第四二极管
500 高压输出电路 Cx1 第一X电容
600 低压输出电路 Cx2 第二X电容
700 单级EMI滤波电路 Cy 第一Y电容
800 PFC控制电路 Cy 第二Y电容
Cr 谐振电容 Cy 第三Y电容
Lr 漏磁电感 Cy 第四Y电容
T EQ型变压器 LF 共模电感
C1 第一滤波电容 10 PCB板
C2 第二滤波电容 11 第一过孔
Q1 第一功率管 12 第二过孔
Q2 第二功率管 13 槽孔
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明，本发明实施例中所有方向性指示（诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……）仅用于解释在某一特定姿态（如附图所示）下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等，如果该特定姿态发生改变时，则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外，在本发明中涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
本发明提出一种电源。
参照图1、图2及图5，在本发明实施例中，该电源包括LLC控制电路100、输入整流电路200、开关电路300、及LLC变压器400；所述LLC变压器400包括EQ型变压器T及漏磁电感Lr，所述漏磁电感Lr外置于所述EQ型变压器T；其中，所述输入整流电路200，将输入的市电整流成直流电；所述LLC控制电路100，控制所述开关模块导通或关断，以将输入整流电路200输出的直流电转换成脉动直流电传送至LLC变压器400；所述LLC变压器400对输入的所述脉动直流电进行电压转换后输出至负载。
需要说明的是，本实施例中，所述变压器T采用EQ型变压器T，该类型的EQ型变压器T的磁芯利用率高，使得EQ型变压器T的转换效率较高，同时在满足相同输出功率的情况下，EQ型变压器T体积进一步地减小了。
参照图6，图6中漏磁电感Lr与EQ型变压器磁芯中的初级线圈相连接，其中LLC变压器的输入端为Vin，LLC变压器的输出端为Vout。
本实施例中，该电源应用于电视机上，该电源用于给电视机内背光恒流源进行供电。
本发明技术方案通过设置包括LLC控制电路100、输入整流电路200、开关电路300、及LLC变压器400，形成了一种电源。通过将漏磁电感Lr外置于EQ型变压器T，减小了LLC变压器400的体积；采用EQ型变压器T，因磁芯的结构有效利用，使得LLC变压器400的转换效率较高，同时在满足相同输出功率的情况下，LLC变压器400体积缩小了，减小了电源对应的PCB面积，使得成本较低，同时提高了电源的转换效率。
具体地，所述电源还包括输出高压输出电路500及低压输出电路600，所述高压输出电路500及低压输出电路600的分别输出不同电压的直流电至所述负载。
需要说明的是，传统的电源输出为24V，再输送给BOOST 升压电路；而本发明中采用高压输出的方式，本实施例中输出电压为48V，这使得输出相同功率下，输出的电流较小，转换效率高，温升较低。
本实施例中，高压输出电路500输出电压为48V，用于给电视机背光恒流源供电；低压输出端电路输出电压为12V，用于给电视机的驱动板供电。
进一步地，所述电源还包括单级EMI滤波电路700及PFC控制电路800；所述单级EMI滤波电路700的输入端接入市电，所述单级EMI滤波电路700的输出端经所述输入整流电路200与所述PFC控制电路800的输入端连接，所述PFC控制电路800的输出端与所述开关电路300的输入端连接；所述LLC控制电路与所述开关电路的受控端连接；所述开关电路的输出端经所述LLC变压器分别与所述高压输出电路500的输入端及低压输出电路600的输入端连接，所述高压输出电路500的输出端及低压输出电路600的输出端连接至负载。
该单级EMI滤波电路700可防止电网的谐波噪声串扰到电源，影响用电设备正常工作，也可避免用电设备工作产生的噪声谐波馈入到电网中，影响电网质量。
具体地，参照图3，所述单级EMI滤波电路700包括第一X电容Cx1、第二X电容Cx2、第一Y电容Cy1、第二Y电容Cy2、第三Y电容Cy3、第四Y电容Cy4、及共模电感LF；其中，
所述第一X电容Cx1的第一端与市电的相线连接，所述第一X电容Cx1的第二端与市电的零线连接；所述第一Y电容Cy1的第一端与所述第一X电容Cx1的第一端连接，所述第一Y电容Cy1的第二端接地；所述第二Y电容Cy2的第一端接地，所述第二Y电容Cy2的第二端与所述第一X电容Cx1的第二端连接；所述共模电感LF的第一输入端与所述第一Y电容Cy1的第一端连接，所述共模电感LF的第二输入端与所述第二Y电容Cy2的第二端连接；所述共模电感LF的第一输出端与所述第三Y电容Cy3的第一端连接，所述第三Y电容Cy3的第二端接地；所述第四Y电容Cy4的第一端接地，所述第四Y电容Cy4的第二端与所述共模电感LF的第二输出端连接；所述第二X电容Cx2的第一端与所述第三Y电容Cy3的第一端连接，所述第二X电容Cx2的第二端与所述第四Y电容Cy4的第二端连接。
为使线路阻抗平衡，避免共模噪声转变为差模噪声，该单级EMI滤波电路700特将共模级和差模级同时设计成对称平衡的，这种滤波电路结构可以得到良好的高频衰减。第一X电容和第二X电容，用以平衡L-N线上的噪声，即滤除差模噪声，一般选值0.22uF或0.47uF的容量。LF为共模环形线圈电感，Cy1、Cy2、Cy3、Cy4为L（相线）和N（中性线）的旁路电容，称为Y电容，它们和共模电感LF构成π型滤波电路，用以滤除共模噪声。本实施例中共模电感LF选用18mH（毫亨）。
此处的Y电容取值根据输出共模噪声的强度不同而取值不同，在满足安规要求的漏电流范围内，一般取值100pF~4700pF。
本实施例中单级EMI滤波电路省去了一个共模电感，有效减小了单级EMI滤波电路的占用空间。本实施例中第一X电容Cx1、第一Y电容Cy1、第二Y电容Cy2和第二X电容Cx2、第三Y电容Cy3、及第四Y电容Cy4形成对称的π型滤波电路， 可防止电网的谐波噪声串扰到电源，影响设备正常工作，也可避免设备工作产生的噪声谐波馈入到电网中，影响电网质量，即所谓的电磁兼容性，使得EMI传导及辐射通过企业标准，降低了成本，及减小了电源的PCB面积。
具体地，所述开关电路300包括第一功率管Q1及第二功率管Q2；所述第一功率管Q1的输入端与所述PFC控制电路800的输出端连接，所述第一功率管Q1的输出端与所述LLC变压器400的输入端连接，所述第一功率管Q1的受控端与所述LLC控制电路100连接；所述第二功率管Q2的输入端与所述第一功率管Q1的输出端连接，所述第二功率管Q2的输出端接地，所述第二功率管Q2的受控端与所述LLC控制电路100连接。
本实施例中，第一功率管Q1、第二功率管Q2均为MOS管。LLC控制电路100控制第一功率管Q1及第二功率管Q2依次轮流导通，从而将电能通过EQ型变压器T转换后传送至负载。
本实施例中，所述电源还包括输出整流电路700，所述输出整流电路700对所述LLC变压器400输出的直流电进行整流后输出至负载。
具体地，所述LLC变压器400还包括谐振电容Cr，所述EQ型变压器T包括初级线圈，第一次级线圈、第二次级线圈、第三次级线圈、及第四次级线圈；其中，
所述谐振电容Cr的第一端与所述第一功率管Q1的输出端连接，所述谐振电容Cr的第二端与所述第一电感的第一端连接；所述第一电感的第二端与所述初级线圈的第一端连接，所述初级线圈的第二端接地；所述第一次级线圈的第一端与所述输出整流电路700的输入端连接，所述第一次级线圈的第二端接地，所述第二次级线圈的第一端与所述输出整流电路700的输入端连接，所述第二次级线圈的第二端与所述第一次级线圈的第二端连接；所述第三次级线圈的第一端接地，所述第三次级线圈的第二端与所述输出整流电路700的输入端连接，所述第四次级线圈的第一端与所述第三次级线圈的第一端连接，所述第四次级线圈的第二端与所述输出整流电路700的输入端连接。
EQ型变压器T采用如图5所示的EQ型磁芯，EQ型磁芯包壁面积大，可充分的将EQ型变压器T的线圈包裹，将EQ型变压器T工作时产生的磁力线充分在磁芯中进行激励，使得变压器的转换效率高。不直接参与能量传递的漏磁电感Lr则采用E型磁芯，降低成本，缩小了体积。
需要说明的是，EQ型变压器T中的初级线圈作为励磁电感Lm，漏磁电感Lr是不直接参与将电能耦合到副边，EQ型变压器T中的励磁电感Lm直接参与将电能耦合到副边，故EQ型变压器T采用EQ型磁芯，充分传递能量，提高转换效率，同时将漏磁电感Lr采用E型磁芯单独外置处理。
需要说明的是，在第一功率管Q1即将导通时， 第一功率管Q1的结电容上的电压下降到零，第一功率管Q1的体二极管开始导通，使得第一功率管Q1的漏极与源极间电压为零。此时LLC控制电路100输出高电平至第一功率管Q1的栅极，实现了第一功率管Q1的零电压导通，降低了第一功率管Q1的导通损耗。
当第一功率管Q1的体二极管导通时， 漏磁电感Lr中的谐振电流开始以正弦形式增加， 此阶段漏磁电感Lr中的电流大于励磁电感Lm中的电流，两者之间形成有差值， 励磁电感Lm在此过程中充电储能，漏磁电感Lr和励磁电感Lm、谐振电容Cr组成一个串联谐振回路。
当励磁电感Lm中的电流增大到与漏磁电感Lr中的电流相等时， 没有电流流过EQ型变压器T的初级线圈（即励磁电感Lm）。LLC控制电路100控制第一功率管Q1关断，此时第二功率管Q2也处于关断状态。进而谐振电容Cr给第一功率管Q1的结电容充电，同时给第二功率管Q2的结电容放电。此时励磁电感中Lm的电流大于漏磁电感Lr中的电流， 两者差值流过EQ型变压器T的初级线圈。到第二功率管Q2的结电容放电结束，第二功率管Q2导通，第二功率管Q2的工作过程与第一功率管类似，此处不再复述。
本实施例中，采用PFC控制电路800与LLC控制电路100相结合的半桥软开关技术，使得电源开关功率器件在开关状态时工作在零电压和零电流状态下，降低开关损耗。
具体地，所述高压输出电路500包括第一二极管D1、第二二极管D2、及第一滤波电容C1；所述低压输出电路600包括第三二极管D3、第四二极管D4、及第二滤波电容C2；所述第一二极管D1的阳极与所述第一次级线圈的第一端连接，所述第一二极管D1的阴极与所述第一滤波电容C1的第一端连接，所述第一滤波电容C1的第二端接地；所述第二二极管D2的阳极与所述第二次级线圈的第一端连接，所述第二二极管D2的阴极与所述第一滤波电容C1的第一端连接；所述第三二极管D3的阳极与所述第三次级线圈的第二端连接，所述第三二极管D3的阴极与所述第二滤波电容C2的第一端连接，所述第二滤波电容C2的第二端接地；所述第四二极管D4的阳极与所述第四次级线圈的第二端连接，所述第四二极管D4的阴极与所述第三二极管D3的阴极连接；所述第一滤波电容C1的第一端及第二滤波电容C2的第一端均连接至负载。
本实施例中，第一滤波电容C1的第一端输出电压为42V，第二滤波电容C2输出电压为12V。
具体地，参照图4，所述电源包括PCB板10，所述电源的元器件均设置于所述PCB板10；所述PCB板10上设有功率器件焊盘（图中未标出）；所述功率器件焊盘开设有第一过孔11，第一过孔11延伸至功率器件焊盘边缘外，使得贴完器件后，PCB板上下通透，使得过锡炉时该过孔能浸满锡，所述第一过孔11周侧还均匀开设有多个第二过孔12；所述第一过孔11及所述第二过孔12填充有导热金属。
需要说明的是，本实施例中，所述导热金属采用锡，第一过孔11的直径远大于第二过孔12的直径。功率器件焊盘的中央开沉铜过孔并延伸至功率器件焊盘外边，使过锡炉时，焊锡能够浸润并塞住过孔。有效并充分地将功率器件的热量通过功率器件焊盘下的过孔热沉传导到PCB上；比以往的单纯的过孔散热效果更佳。在与功率器件相连接的铜箔面上并排并延伸增加过孔沉铜，使过锡炉时，焊锡能够浸润并塞住过孔。有效并充分地将如上所述PCB上过于集中的热量通过铜箔和表面焊锡扩散出来，并快速储存在延伸出沉铜过孔中的焊锡里；与功率贴片器件相连接的铜箔面上根据风道方向和上述过孔延伸方向去除绝缘漆，即裸铜，促进该面积铜箔的热辐射效应；在去除绝缘漆的铜箔上镀锡，增加该面积铜箔的热传导效应。
进一步地，所述PCB板10靠近所述功率器件焊盘的位置对称开设有槽孔13。加快空气对流，以加快散热。本实施例采用过孔注锡式散热，无需再另外设置散热器，进一步减小了电源所占用的空间。
本发明实施例将漏磁电感Lr和EQ型变压器T分离设置，采用单级EMI滤波器及过孔注锡式散热，减小了整体PCB板的面积，降低电源成本，提高了电源效率。
本发明还提出一种电气设备，该电气设备包括如上所述的电源，该电源的具体结构参照上述实施例，由于本电气设备采用了上述所有实施例的全部技术方案，因此至少具有上述实施例的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果，在此不再一一赘述。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是在本发明的发明构思下，利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种电源，其特征在于，包括LLC控制电路、输入整流电路、开关电路、及LLC变压器；所述LLC变压器包括EQ型变压器及漏磁电感，所述漏磁电感外置于所述EQ型变压器，其中，
    所述输入整流电路，将输入的市电整流成直流电；
    所述LLC控制电路，控制所述开关模块导通或关断，以将输入整流电路输出的直流电转换成脉动直流电传送至LLC变压器；
    所述LLC变压器对输入的所述脉动直流电进行电压转换后输出至负载。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的电源，其特征在于，所述电源还包括输出高压输出电路及低压输出电路，所述高压输出电路及低压输出电路的分别输出不同电压的直流电至所述负载。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的电源，其特征在于，所述电源还包括单级EMI滤波电路及PFC控制电路；所述单级EMI滤波电路的输入端接入市电，所述单级EMI滤波电路的输出端经所述输入整流电路与所述PFC控制电路的输入端连接，所述PFC控制电路的输出端与所述开关电路的输入端连接；所述LLC控制电路与所述开关电路的受控端连接；所述开关电路的输出端经所述LLC变压器分别与所述高压输出电路的输入端及低压输出电路的输入端连接，所述高压输出电路的输出端及低压输出电路的输出端连接至负载。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的电源，其特征在于，所述单级EMI滤波电路包括第一X电容、第二X电容、第一Y电容、第二Y电容、第三Y电容、第四Y电容、及共模电感；其中，
    所述第一X电容的第一端与市电的相线连接，所述第一X电容的第二端与市电的零线连接；所述第一Y电容的第一端与所述第一X电容的第一端连接，所述第一Y电容的第二端接地；所述第二Y电容的第一端接地，所述第二Y电容的第二端与所述第一X电容的第二端连接；所述共模电感的第一输入端与所述第一Y电容的第一端连接，所述共模电感的第二输入端与所述第二Y电容的第二端连接；所述共模电感的第一输出端与所述第三Y电容的第一端连接，所述第三Y电容的第二端接地；所述第四Y电容的第一端接地，所述第四Y电容的第二端与所述共模电感的第二输出端连接；所述第二X电容的第一端与所述第三Y电容的第一端连接，所述第二X电容的第二端与所述第四Y电容的第二端连接。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的电源，其特征在于，所述开关电路包括第一功率管及第二功率管；所述第一功率管的输入端与所述PFC控制电路的输出端连接，所述第一功率管的输出端与所述LLC变压器的输入端连接，所述第一功率管的受控端与所述LLC控制电路连接；所述第二功率管的输入端与所述第一功率管的输出端连接，所述第二功率管的输出端接地，所述第二功率管的受控端与所述LLC控制电路连接。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的电源，其特征在于，所述LLC变压器还包括谐振电容，所述EQ型变压器包括初级线圈，第一次级线圈、第二次级线圈、第三次级线圈、及第四次级线圈；其中，
    所述谐振电容的第一端与所述第一功率管的输出端连接，所述谐振电容的第二端与所述第一电感的第一端连接，所述第一电感的第二端与所述初级线圈的第一端连接，所述初级线圈的第二端接地；所述第一次级线圈的第一端与所述输出整流电路的输入端连接，所述第一次级线圈的第二端接地，所述第二次级线圈的第一端与所述输出整流电路的输入端连接，所述第二次级线圈的第二端与所述第一次级线圈的第二端连接；所述第三次级线圈的第一端接地，所述第三次级线圈的第二端与所述输出整流电路的输入端连接，所述第四次级线圈的第一端与所述第三次级线圈的第一端连接，所述第四次级线圈的第二端与所述输出整流电路的输入端连接。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的电源，其特征在于，所述高压输出电路包括第一二极管、第二二极管、及第一滤波电容；所述低压输出电路包括第三二极管、第四二极管、及第二滤波电容；所述第一二极管的阳极与所述第一次级线圈的第一端连接，所述第一二极管的阴极与所述第一滤波电容的第一端连接，所述第一滤波电容的第二端接地；所述第二二极管的阳极与所述第二次级线圈的第一端连接，所述第二二极管的阴极与所述第一滤波电容的第一端连接；所述第三二极管的阳极与所述第三次级线圈的第二端连接，所述第三二极管的阴极与所述第二滤波电容的第一端连接，所述第二滤波电容的第二端接地；所述第四二极管的阳极与所述第四次级线圈的第二端连接，所述第四二极管的阴极与所述第三二极管的阴极连接；所述第一滤波电容的第一端及第二滤波电容的第一端均连接至负载。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的电源，其特征在于，所述电源包括PCB板，所述电源的元器件均设置于所述PCB板；所述PCB板上设有功率器件焊盘；所述功率器件焊盘开设有第一过孔，第一过孔延伸至功率器件焊盘边缘外，所述第一过孔周侧还均匀开设有多个第二过孔；所述第一过孔及所述第二过孔填充有导热金属。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的电源，其特征在于，所述PCB板靠近所述功率器件焊盘的位置对称开设有槽孔。
  10. 一种电气设备，其特征在于，所述电气设备包括如权利要求1所述的电源；所述电源包括LLC控制电路、输入整流电路、开关电路、及LLC变压器；所述LLC变压器包括EQ型变压器及漏磁电感，所述漏磁电感外置于所述EQ型变压器，其中，
    所述输入整流电路，将输入的市电整流成直流电；
    所述LLC控制电路，控制所述开关模块导通或关断，以将输入整流电路输出的直流电转换成脉动直流电传送至LLC变压器；
    所述LLC变压器对输入的所述脉动直流电进行电压转换后输出至负载。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的电气设备，其特征在于，所述电源还包括输出高压输出电路及低压输出电路，所述高压输出电路及低压输出电路的分别输出不同电压的直流电至所述负载。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的电气设备，其特征在于，所述电源还包括单级EMI滤波电路及PFC控制电路；所述单级EMI滤波电路的输入端接入市电，所述单级EMI滤波电路的输出端经所述输入整流电路与所述PFC控制电路的输入端连接，所述PFC控制电路的输出端与所述开关电路的输入端连接；所述LLC控制电路与所述开关电路的受控端连接；所述开关电路的输出端经所述LLC变压器分别与所述高压输出电路的输入端及低压输出电路的输入端连接，所述高压输出电路的输出端及低压输出电路的输出端连接至负载。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的电气设备，其特征在于，所述单级EMI滤波电路包括第一X电容、第二X电容、第一Y电容、第二Y电容、第三Y电容、第四Y电容、及共模电感；其中，
    所述第一X电容的第一端与市电的相线连接，所述第一X电容的第二端与市电的零线连接；所述第一Y电容的第一端与所述第一X电容的第一端连接，所述第一Y电容的第二端接地；所述第二Y电容的第一端接地，所述第二Y电容的第二端与所述第一X电容的第二端连接；所述共模电感的第一输入端与所述第一Y电容的第一端连接，所述共模电感的第二输入端与所述第二Y电容的第二端连接；所述共模电感的第一输出端与所述第三Y电容的第一端连接，所述第三Y电容的第二端接地；所述第四Y电容的第一端接地，所述第四Y电容的第二端与所述共模电感的第二输出端连接；所述第二X电容的第一端与所述第三Y电容的第一端连接，所述第二X电容的第二端与所述第四Y电容的第二端连接。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的电气设备，其特征在于，所述开关电路包括第一功率管及第二功率管；所述第一功率管的输入端与所述PFC控制电路的输出端连接，所述第一功率管的输出端与所述LLC变压器的输入端连接，所述第一功率管的受控端与所述LLC控制电路连接；所述第二功率管的输入端与所述第一功率管的输出端连接，所述第二功率管的输出端接地，所述第二功率管的受控端与所述LLC控制电路连接。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的电气设备，其特征在于，所述LLC变压器还包括谐振电容，所述EQ型变压器包括初级线圈，第一次级线圈、第二次级线圈、第三次级线圈、及第四次级线圈；其中，
    所述谐振电容的第一端与所述第一功率管的输出端连接，所述谐振电容的第二端与所述第一电感的第一端连接，所述第一电感的第二端与所述初级线圈的第一端连接，所述初级线圈的第二端接地；所述第一次级线圈的第一端与所述输出整流电路的输入端连接，所述第一次级线圈的第二端接地，所述第二次级线圈的第一端与所述输出整流电路的输入端连接，所述第二次级线圈的第二端与所述第一次级线圈的第二端连接；所述第三次级线圈的第一端接地，所述第三次级线圈的第二端与所述输出整流电路的输入端连接，所述第四次级线圈的第一端与所述第三次级线圈的第一端连接，所述第四次级线圈的第二端与所述输出整流电路的输入端连接。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的电气设备，其特征在于，所述高压输出电路包括第一二极管、第二二极管、及第一滤波电容；所述低压输出电路包括第三二极管、第四二极管、及第二滤波电容；所述第一二极管的阳极与所述第一次级线圈的第一端连接，所述第一二极管的阴极与所述第一滤波电容的第一端连接，所述第一滤波电容的第二端接地；所述第二二极管的阳极与所述第二次级线圈的第一端连接，所述第二二极管的阴极与所述第一滤波电容的第一端连接；所述第三二极管的阳极与所述第三次级线圈的第二端连接，所述第三二极管的阴极与所述第二滤波电容的第一端连接，所述第二滤波电容的第二端接地；所述第四二极管的阳极与所述第四次级线圈的第二端连接，所述第四二极管的阴极与所述第三二极管的阴极连接；所述第一滤波电容的第一端及第二滤波电容的第一端均连接至负载。
  17. 如权利要求10所述的电气设备，其特征在于，所述电源包括PCB板，所述电源的元器件均设置于所述PCB板；所述PCB板上设有功率器件焊盘；所述功率器件焊盘开设有第一过孔，第一过孔延伸至功率器件焊盘边缘外，所述第一过孔周侧还均匀开设有多个第二过孔；所述第一过孔及所述第二过孔填充有导热金属。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的电气设备，其特征在于，所述PCB板靠近所述功率器件焊盘的位置对称开设有槽孔。
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