WO2018006740A1 - 电池冷却换热器 - Google Patents

电池冷却换热器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018006740A1
WO2018006740A1 PCT/CN2017/090521 CN2017090521W WO2018006740A1 WO 2018006740 A1 WO2018006740 A1 WO 2018006740A1 CN 2017090521 W CN2017090521 W CN 2017090521W WO 2018006740 A1 WO2018006740 A1 WO 2018006740A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
cooling heat
fluid
battery cooling
battery
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/090521
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
葛增芳
张琦
马丽
Original Assignee
蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 蔚来汽车有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority to EP17823552.9A priority Critical patent/EP3480883A4/en
Publication of WO2018006740A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018006740A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F28D1/0366—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F28D1/0383—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits the conduits being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements with U-flow or serpentine-flow inside the conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F28F3/086—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning having one or more openings therein forming tubular heat-exchange passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/12—Elements constructed in the shape of a hollow panel, e.g. with channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/0265—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by using guiding means or impingement means inside the header box
    • F28F9/0268—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by using guiding means or impingement means inside the header box in the form of multiple deflectors for channeling the heat exchange medium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6567—Liquids
    • H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H01M50/273—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/276—Inorganic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H01M50/273—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/278—Organic material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/008—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for vehicles
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of new energy automobile batteries, and particularly relates to a battery cooling heat exchanger.
  • the battery of an electric vehicle generally adopts a power battery pack, and a large amount of heat is generated during use, especially during rapid charge and discharge and high-speed driving.
  • the battery pack needs to be effective. cool down.
  • the battery pack heat exchanger is mostly formed by pressing two upper and lower plates or a single metal plate, and the metal plates are connected by brazing or friction stir welding, and the internal fluid flow path is basically formed by punching or extrusion.
  • the fluid is mostly laminar in the flow of the internal cavity, and the heat transfer coefficient is not high.
  • lightweighting is the future development trend of new energy vehicles.
  • the lightweight research of battery heat exchangers can quickly realize the lightweight requirements of the battery pack system.
  • the battery cooling plates are made of a metal material, for example, a stamped metal plate and a flat metal plate, so that the fluid can flow through a hollow space composed of two metal plates.
  • the metal sheets are covered with a plastic film or insulating mat. This adds to the complexity and cost of the battery pack system.
  • the present invention provides a novel battery. Cool the heat exchanger.
  • the battery cooling heat exchanger includes: an upper casing, the upper casing is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet; and a lower casing, the lower casing being sealingly coupled with the upper casing to form a fluid containing body a fluid chamber from which the fluid enters the fluid chamber and then flows out of the liquid outlet, the characteristics of which
  • the air chamber is provided with at least one flow guiding element, and the flow guiding element is provided with a plurality of through holes.
  • the flow guiding elements are S-shaped and are regularly arranged within the fluid chamber in the direction of fluid flow.
  • the radius of the through hole gradually decreases in the direction of fluid flow.
  • the flow guiding element divides the fluid chamber into alternating fluid confluence zones and fluid ejection zones from which fluid enters the fluid confluence zone,
  • the flow holes are injected into the fluid ejection zone, and after passing through all the flow guiding elements, flow out from the liquid outlet.
  • the upper casing is a plate-like structure
  • the lower casing includes a bottom plate and a side wall, and the bottom plate and the side wall constitute a cavity structure with an open upper end.
  • the lower casing and the flow guiding element are both made of plastic and integrally injection molded.
  • the upper casing and the lower casing are sealed by an adhesive or a fusion weld.
  • the upper casing is made of an aluminum plate material or a thermally conductive plastic material.
  • the battery cooling heat exchanger is placed between the lower portion of the battery module unit or the battery module unit to bring the upper housing into contact with the battery module unit.
  • the battery cooling heat exchanger can be configured to form a battery module cooling system in parallel or in series.
  • the fluid is formed in the fluid chamber of the battery cooling heat exchanger of the present invention by providing a flow guiding member of an S-shaped structure in the fluid chamber and providing a through hole in the flow guiding member. Flowing, thereby achieving efficient cooling of the upper casing.
  • the lower casing and the flow guiding element are both made of plastic material and integrally injection molded, which not only realizes the self-insulation of the heat exchanger, but also reduces the use of the insulating mat in practical use, and reduces the manufacturing cost. It also increases the strength of the entire battery cooling heat exchanger while making the overall quality of the heat exchanger lighter.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view showing the upper casing and the lower casing of the battery cooling heat exchanger of the present invention separated;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic enlarged view showing the flow guiding member of the battery cooling heat exchanger of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional structural view of the battery cooling heat exchanger of the present invention in the direction from the liquid inlet to the liquid outlet, showing the direction of coolant flow and injection.
  • the terms “installation”, “connected”, and “connected” are to be understood broadly, and may be fixed connections, for example, or It is a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be internal communication between the two elements.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.
  • the battery cooling heat exchanger of the present invention comprises an upper casing 1, a lower casing 2 and a flow guiding member 3.
  • the upper casing 1 has a plate-like structure, and an upper portion thereof is provided with a liquid inlet 11 and a liquid outlet.
  • the mouth 12, the liquid inlet 11 and the liquid outlet 12 may also be disposed at other suitable positions on the upper portion of the upper casing 1, for example, may be disposed at a diagonal position of the upper casing 1, and is not limited to being disposed in FIG. s position.
  • the lower casing 2 can be sealingly connected with the upper casing 1 to form a fluid containing body The fluid chamber enters the fluid chamber from the inlet port 11 and then flows out of the outlet port 12.
  • the lower casing 2 includes a bottom plate (bottom in FIG. 1, not shown) and a side wall 21, and the bottom plate and the side wall constitute a cavity structure with an upper end opening, and the side wall 21 is provided with a notch 211, and the upper casing 1 can Cooperating with the notch 211 to close the lower casing 2.
  • the notch 211 may be a flange or a groove surrounding the upper edge of the side wall 21, or may be a groove edge formed by making the thickness of the lower portion of the side wall 21 larger than the thickness of the upper edge of the side wall 21.
  • the rim of the upper casing 1 is just able to form a sealing contact with the notch 211. Further, after the upper casing 1 is in sealing contact with the notch 211, the upper casing 1 and the lower casing 2 are sealed by adhesive or fusion welding.
  • the battery cooling heat exchanger further includes a flow directing element 3.
  • a flow guiding element 3 Referring to Figure 2, there is shown an enlarged schematic view of a flow guiding element of the battery cooling heat exchanger of the present invention.
  • the flow guiding member 3 is generally an S-shaped structure, and a plurality of through holes 31 are provided thereon, and the radius of the through hole 31 is gradually changed from left to right (direction shown in FIG. 2). Reduced.
  • the flow guiding members 3 are regularly arranged in the fluid chamber in the fluid flow direction, so that the radius of the through hole 31 is along the edge. The direction of fluid flow gradually decreases.
  • FIG. 1 the flow guiding elements 3 are arranged six in the direction of fluid flow, and those skilled in the art will readily understand that FIG. 1 is merely illustrative of embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention.
  • the specific structure, the person skilled in the art can design different sizes of the flow guiding elements 3 and the different number and arrangement of the flow guiding elements 3 according to the actual situation, in order to meet the cooling requirements of the battery under different conditions.
  • the arrangement of the six flow guiding elements in the present embodiment will be described as an example.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the battery cooling heat exchanger of the present invention taken along the direction of the liquid inlet to the liquid outlet. Since the flow guiding members 3 are of an S-shaped configuration and are regularly arranged in the fluid flow direction, the flow guiding members 3 divide the fluid chamber into the fluid confluence regions 4 and the fluid ejection regions 5 which are alternately arranged. As shown in Fig. 3, the fluid confluence area 4 is formed by the lower casing 2 and the flow guiding member 3, and the fluid ejection region 5 is formed by the upper casing 1 and the flow guiding member 3, so that the fluid confluence region 4 and the fluid ejection region 5 are formed. Alternate arrangement of structures.
  • the direction of the arrow in the figure is the flow direction of the fluid, and after the fluid enters the fluid chamber from the liquid inlet port 11, it is collected in the fluid confluence region 4, and under the action of the flow guiding member 3, the fluid changes direction and is ejected through the through hole 31.
  • the upper casing 1 is subjected to efficient forced cooling, and the fluid enters the adjacent another fluid confluence zone 4 to be collected. Under the action of the flow guiding element 3, the fluid changing direction is ejected through the through-hole 31.
  • the radius of the through hole 31 gradually decreases along the direction of fluid flow, the uniformity of the post-injection of the fluid through the flow guiding element 3 can be achieved, and in practical applications, those skilled in the art can The radius of the through hole 31 is appropriately adjusted according to the cooling demand of the upper casing 1 to ensure uniform cooling of the upper casing 1.
  • the lower casing 2 and the flow guiding element 3 are each made of a plastic material and the lower casing 2 and the flow guiding element 3 are integrally injection molded.
  • the lower casing 2 and the flow guiding member 3, which are made of a plastic material, are inherently electrically insulating.
  • the basic shape of the lower casing 2 can be manufactured while the flow guiding member 3 can be manufactured, thereby saving the manufacturing process. The steps reduce manufacturing costs.
  • the design of the integral injection molding of the lower casing 2 and the flow guiding member 3 can also increase the strength of the entire battery cooling heat exchanger.
  • the upper casing 1 is made of an aluminum plate material or a heat conductive plastic material, wherein the heat conductive plastic material includes a plastic material containing thermally conductive metal particles or ceramic particles, thereby achieving efficient heat conduction efficiency of the upper casing 1.
  • the battery cooling heat exchanger of the present invention can be used in a new energy vehicle battery pack cooling system.
  • the battery cooling heat exchanger of the present invention is placed between the lower part of the battery module unit or the battery module unit to make the upper shell The body 1 is in full contact with the battery module unit.
  • the battery cooling heat exchanger of the present invention is also capable of constituting a battery module cooling system in parallel or in series.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

本发明属于新能源汽车电池技术领域，具体涉及一种电池冷却换热器。本发明旨在解决现有换热器换热效率低的问题。为此目的，本发明提供了一种电池冷却换热器，该电池冷却换热器包括：上壳体，所述上壳体设置有进液口和出液口；下壳体，所述下壳体能够与所述上壳体密封连接，形成容纳流体的流体腔，流体从所述进液口进入所述流体腔，然后从所述出液口流出，其特征在于，所述流体腔内设置有至少一个S形导流元件，所述导流元件上设置有多个通流孔。通过在流体腔内设置S形导流元件以及在导流元件上设置通流孔，使得流体在本发明的电池冷却换热器的流体腔内形成喷射流动，从而实现了对上壳体的高效冷却。

Description

电池冷却换热器 技术领域
本发明属于新能源汽车电池技术领域，具体涉及一种电池冷却换热器。
背景技术
目前，电动汽车的发展受到人们的广泛关注，而作为电动汽车心脏的电池更是电动汽车研究的重点。电动汽车的电池一般采用动力电池组，在使用过程中，特别是在快速充放电和高速行驶过程中会产生大量的热量，为了保证电池工作在合适的温度范围内，需要对电池组进行有效的冷却。现有技术中，电池包换热器多为上下两个板或单个金属板挤压成型，金属板之间采用钎焊或搅拌摩擦焊接方式连接，内部流体流道基本是冲压或挤压形成，流体在内部腔体流动中多为层流，换热系数不高。另外，轻量化是新能源汽车未来发展的趋势，在电池包系统中，电池换热器的轻量化研究，可快速实现电池包系统轻量化要求。
在传统冷却板的设计中，电池冷却板均采用金属材料制造，例如连接冲压金属板与平面金属板，从而流体能够流过由两个金属板构成的中空空间。为了实现电绝缘，在金属板连接后使其覆盖有塑料薄膜或绝缘垫。如此，又增加了电池包系统的复杂性和成本。
因此，本领域需要一种新的换热器来解决现有技术中的上述问题。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中的上述问题，即为了解决现有换热器换热效率低的问题，以及为了进一步降低换热器的重量，降低安装工序和使用成本，本发明提供了一种新型电池冷却换热器。该电池冷却换热器包括：上壳体，所述上壳体设置有进液口和出液口；下壳体，所述下壳体能够与所述上壳体密封连接从而形成容纳流体的流体腔，流体从所述进液口进入所述流体腔，然后从所述出液口流出，其特征 在于，所述流体腔内设置有至少一个导流元件，所述导流元件上设置有多个通流孔。
在上述电池冷却换热器的优选实施方式中，所述导流元件为S型结构并且沿流体流动方向规则地排列在所述流体腔内。
在上述电池冷却换热器的优选实施方式中，所述通流孔的半径沿流体流动方向逐渐减小。
在上述电池冷却换热器的优选实施方式中，所述导流元件将所述流体腔分成交替排列的流体汇流区和流体喷射区，流体从所述进液口进入流体汇流区，经所述通流孔喷射到所述流体喷射区，依次经过所有导流元件后，从所述出液口流出。
在上述电池冷却换热器的优选实施方式中，所述上壳体为板状结构，所述下壳体包括底板和侧壁，所述底板和侧壁组成上端开口的空腔结构。
在上述电池冷却换热器的优选实施方式中，所述下壳体与所述导流元件均由塑料制成并且一体地注塑成型。
在上述电池冷却换热器的优选实施方式中，所述上壳体与所述下壳体通过胶黏剂或熔焊密封连接。
在上述电池冷却换热器的优选实施方式中，所述上壳体采用铝制板材料或者导热塑料材料制成。
在上述电池冷却换热器的优选实施方式中，所述电池冷却换热器放置在电池模组单元下部或电池模组单元之间，使所述上壳体与所述电池模组单元接触。
在上述电池冷却换热器的优选实施方式中，所述电池冷却换热器能够通过并联或串联形式组成电池模组冷却系统。
在本发明的技术方案中，通过在流体腔内设置S形结构的导流元件，以及在导流元件上设置通流孔，使得流体在本发明的电池冷却换热器的流体腔内形成喷射流动，从而实现了对上壳体的高效冷却。此外，下壳体与导流元件均由塑料材料制成并且一体地注塑成型，不仅实现了换热器的自绝缘性，使得在实际使用中减少了绝缘垫的使用，而且降低了制造成本，还提高了整个电池冷却换热器的强度，同时使得换热器的整体质量更轻。
附图说明
图1是本发明的电池冷却换热器的上壳体与下壳体分离的结构示意图；
图2是本发明的电池冷却换热器的导流元件的放大结构示意图；
图3是本发明的电池冷却换热器沿进液口到出液口方向的剖视结构示意图，其中示出了冷却液流动和喷射的方向。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。例如，尽管附图中的各个构件以特定比例绘制，但是这种比例关系仅仅是示例性的，本领域技术人员可以根据需要对其作出调整，以便适应具体的应用场合。
需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方向或位置关系的术语是基于附图所示的方向或位置关系，这仅仅是为了便于描述，而不是指示或暗示所述装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，还需要说明的是，在本发明的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域技术人员而言，可根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
如图1所示，本发明的电池冷却换热器包括上壳体1、下壳体2和导流元件3，上壳体1为板状结构，其上部设置有进液口11和出液口12，进液口11和出液口12还可以设置在上壳体1上部的其他合适的位置，例如可以设置在上壳体1对角的位置，并不限定于设置在图1示出的位置。下壳体2能够与上壳体1密封连接从而形成容纳流体 的流体腔，流体从进液口11进入流体腔，然后从出液口12流出。下壳体2包括底板(图1中的底部，图中未显示)和侧壁21，底板和侧壁组成上端开口的空腔结构，侧壁21上设置有槽口211，上壳体1能够与槽口211配合来封闭下壳体2。具体而言，槽口211可以是围绕侧壁21上边缘的凸缘或凹槽，也可以是使侧壁21下部的厚度大于侧壁21上边缘的厚度所形成的槽边。总之，通过使上壳体1的边沿与该槽口211的尺寸相匹配，进而使上壳体1的边沿刚好能够与该槽口211形成密封的接触。进一步，上壳体1与槽口211形成密封接触后，将上壳体1与下壳体2通过胶黏剂或熔焊密封连接。
继续参照图1，电池冷却换热器还包括导流元件3。参照图2，图2是本发明的电池冷却换热器的导流元件的放大结构示意图。如图2所示，导流元件3总体上为S型结构，其上设置有多个通流孔31，通流孔31的半径在从左往右(图2中所示的方向)依次逐渐减小。继续参照图1，由于流体的方向是从进液口11流进，从出液口12流出，导流元件3沿流体流动方向规则地排列在流体腔内，因此通流孔31的半径为沿流体流动方向逐渐减小。需要说明的是，图1中导流元件3沿流体流动方向排列了六个，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，图1只是示例性地说明本发明的实施方式，并不用于限定本发明的具体结构，本领域技术人员可以根据实际情况设计不同尺寸的导流元件3以及不同数量和排列方式的导流元件3，以适应不同情况下电池的冷却需求。下文中继续以本实施方式中六个导流元件的排列为例进行说明。
下面参照图3，图3是本发明的电池冷却换热器沿进液口到出液口方向的剖视结构示意图。由于导流元件3为S形结构，并且沿流体流动方向规则性排列，因此，导流元件3将流体腔分成交替排列的流体汇流区4和流体喷射区5。如图3所示，流体汇流区4由下壳体2与导流元件3形成，流体喷射区5由上壳体1和导流元件3形成，从而使得流体汇流区4和流体喷射区5形成交替排列的结构。具体地，图中箭头方向为流体的流动方向，流体从进液口11进入该流体腔后，在流体汇流区4汇集，在导流元件3的作用下，流体改变方向经通流孔31喷射到流体喷射区5，对上壳体1进行高效的强制冷却，进而流体进入相邻的另一个流体汇流区4汇集，在导流元件3的作用下，流体改变方向经通流孔31喷射到下一个流体喷射区5，依次经过后面所 有的流体汇流区4和流体喷射区5后，对整个上壳体1进行冷却，最后经出液口12流出。本领域技术人员能够理解的是，由于通流孔31的半径沿流体流动方向逐渐减小，因此能够实现流体通过导流元件3后喷射的均匀性，而在实际应用中，本领域技术人员可以根据上壳体1的冷却需求适当调节通流孔31的半径大小，以保证对上壳体1的冷却均匀。
在上述电池冷却换热器的优选实施方式中，下壳体2和导流元件3均由塑料材料制成并且下壳体2和导流元件3一体地注塑成型。采用塑料材料的下壳体2和导流元件3本身具备电绝缘性质，此外，在一个生产工序中，制造下壳体2的基本形状的同时还可以制造导流元件3，从而节省了制作过程的步骤，降低了制造成本。并且，通过下壳体2和导流元件3一体注塑成型的设计，还能够提高整个电池冷却换热器的强度。进一步，上壳体1由铝制板材料或导热塑料材料加工制成，其中导热塑料材料包括含有导热金属颗粒或陶瓷颗粒的塑料材料，从而实现上壳体1高效的导热效率。
本发明的电池冷却换热器可以用于新能源汽车电池包冷却系统中，使用时，将本发明的电池冷却换热器放置在电池模组单元下部或电池模组单元之间，使上壳体1与电池模组单元充分接触。此外，本发明的电池冷却换热器还能够通过并联或串联形式组成电池模组冷却系统。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的更改或替换，这些更改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池冷却换热器，包括：
    上壳体，所述上壳体设置有进液口和出液口；
    下壳体，所述下壳体能够与所述上壳体密封连接从而形成容纳流体的流体腔，流体从所述进液口进入所述流体腔，然后从所述出液口流出，
    其特征在于，所述流体腔内设置有至少一个导流元件，所述导流元件上设置有多个通流孔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池冷却换热器，其特征在于，所述导流元件为S型结构并且沿流体流动方向规则地排列在所述流体腔内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池冷却换热器，其特征在于，所述通流孔的半径沿流体流动方向逐渐减小。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池冷却换热器，其特征在于，所述导流元件将所述流体腔分成交替排列的流体汇流区和流体喷射区，流体从所述进液口进入流体汇流区，经所述通流孔喷射到所述流体喷射区，依次经过所有导流元件后，从所述出液口流出。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池冷却换热器，其特征在于，所述上壳体为板状结构，所述下壳体包括底板和侧壁，所述底板和侧壁组成上端开口的空腔结构。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池冷却换热器，其特征在于，所述下壳体与所述导流元件均由塑料制成并且一体地注塑成型。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池冷却换热器，其特征在于，所述上壳体与所述下壳体通过胶黏剂或熔焊密封连接。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池冷却换热器，其特征在于，所述上壳体采用铝制板材料或者导热塑料材料制成。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的电池冷却换热器，其特征在于，所述电池冷却换热器放置在电池模组单元下部或电池模组单元之间，使所述上壳体与所述电池模组单元接触。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电池冷却换热器，其特征在于，所述电池冷却换热器能够通过并联或串联形式组成电池模组冷却系统。
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