WO2018002766A1 - Dispositif d'affichage et corps mobile - Google Patents

Dispositif d'affichage et corps mobile Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018002766A1
WO2018002766A1 PCT/IB2017/053615 IB2017053615W WO2018002766A1 WO 2018002766 A1 WO2018002766 A1 WO 2018002766A1 IB 2017053615 W IB2017053615 W IB 2017053615W WO 2018002766 A1 WO2018002766 A1 WO 2018002766A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
signal
function
display device
display
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2017/053615
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
黒川義元
Original Assignee
株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所 filed Critical 株式会社半導体エネルギー研究所
Publication of WO2018002766A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018002766A1/fr

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R11/00—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for
    • B60R11/02—Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
    • G09G3/36—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source using liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/02—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the way in which colour is displayed
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/36—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators characterised by the display of a graphic pattern, e.g. using an all-points-addressable [APA] memory

Definitions

  • One embodiment of the present invention relates to a display device.
  • One embodiment of the present invention relates to a semiconductor device.
  • One embodiment of the present invention also relates to a moving object.
  • one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above technical field.
  • the technical field of one embodiment of the invention disclosed in this specification and the like relates to an object, a method, or a manufacturing method.
  • one embodiment of the present invention relates to a process, a machine, a manufacture, or a composition (composition of matter). Therefore, the technical field of one embodiment of the present invention disclosed in this specification more specifically includes a semiconductor device, a display device, a liquid crystal display device, a light-emitting device, a lighting device, a power storage device, a memory device, a circuit, an arithmetic circuit, These driving methods or manufacturing methods thereof can be given as an example.
  • Patent Document 1 describes an image display device and method using a liquid crystal display device and an image processing system that can display a subject as it is directly viewed under illumination conditions at the time of display.
  • an object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a display device whose display quality is hardly affected by a use environment.
  • it is an object to provide a display device that can reduce power consumption.
  • Another object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device such as a peripheral circuit that can reduce power consumption. Another object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a semiconductor device such as a peripheral circuit whose size can be suppressed. Alternatively, according to one embodiment of the present invention, it is an object to provide a novel circuit.
  • an object of one embodiment of the present invention is to provide a novel semiconductor device or the like. Note that the description of these problems does not disturb the existence of other problems. Note that one embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily have to solve all of these problems. Issues other than these will be apparent from the description of the specification, drawings, claims, etc., and other issues can be extracted from the descriptions of the specification, drawings, claims, etc. It is.
  • One embodiment of the present invention includes a first display element, a second display element, a signal processing circuit, and an arithmetic circuit.
  • the signal processing circuit corrects the first signal in accordance with the first parameter.
  • a function of correcting the second signal according to the second parameter and the arithmetic circuit uses the function of generating the first parameter by arithmetic processing using the neural network and the neural network.
  • the first display element uses the first signal corrected in the signal processing circuit, and displays the gradation using the reflection of light.
  • the second display element has a function of using the second signal corrected in the signal processing circuit and displaying a gray scale according to the intensity of light emission.
  • the fourth circuit and the fifth circuit the first circuit having a function of outputting the third signal to the third circuit via the second circuit, and the third circuit.
  • the fourth circuit has a function of outputting the fourth signal to the outside, and the fifth circuit has a function of generating a sixth signal from the difference between the fifth signal and the fourth signal.
  • the analog memory is a display device including a transistor having a metal oxide in a channel formation region.
  • the first signal is preferably a signal for adjusting the color of the display device
  • the second signal is a signal for adjusting the number of gradations of the display device.
  • one embodiment of the present invention is a display device mounted on a moving body, which includes a display element, a signal processing circuit, an arithmetic circuit, and a first photosensor, and the signal processing circuit includes:
  • the arithmetic circuit has a function of correcting the first signal according to the parameter, and the arithmetic circuit is based on information from the first photosensor and information from the second photosensor provided in the moving body.
  • the display element has a function of displaying a gray scale using the first signal corrected in the signal processing circuit, and the arithmetic circuit has the first function.
  • the third circuit has a function of outputting a signal corresponding to the amount of current of the input signal
  • the fifth circuit has a function of outputting to the fifth circuit via the circuit
  • the fifth circuit has a function of outputting the fourth signal according to the current amount of the input signal to the outside.
  • the circuit has a function of generating a sixth signal from a difference between the fifth signal and the fourth signal, the fourth signal is a parameter
  • the fifth signal is a signal input from the outside.
  • an analog memory for storing data corresponding to a weighting factor, a writing circuit for changing data, and an input signal are weighted according to the data.
  • the analog memory is a display device including a transistor including a metal oxide in a channel formation region.
  • one embodiment of the present invention is a display device mounted on a moving body, which includes a first display element, a second display element, a signal processing circuit, an arithmetic circuit, and a first optical sensor.
  • the signal processing circuit has a function of correcting the first signal in accordance with the first parameter and a function of correcting the second signal in accordance with the second parameter.
  • a function for generating a first parameter by an arithmetic process using a neural network based on information from the optical sensor of the first and information from a second optical sensor provided on the moving body, and based on the information
  • a function of generating a second parameter by arithmetic processing using a neural network uses the first signal corrected by the signal processing circuit and reflects light.
  • the display element uses a second signal corrected in the signal processing circuit and has a function of displaying a gray scale according to the intensity of light emission.
  • the arithmetic circuit includes a first circuit, a second circuit, and a third circuit.
  • the first circuit has a function of outputting the third signal to the third circuit via the second circuit, and the third circuit.
  • This circuit has a function of outputting a signal corresponding to the current amount of the input signal to the fifth circuit via the fourth circuit, and the fifth circuit has a function of outputting the current amount of the input signal.
  • the fifth circuit has a function of generating a sixth signal from a difference between the fifth signal and the fourth signal, and a fourth circuit corresponding to the fourth signal.
  • the signal is at least one of the first parameter and the second parameter
  • the fifth signal is an externally input signal
  • the fourth circuit and the fourth circuit are each an analog memory that stores data corresponding to a weighting factor, a writing circuit that changes data, and a multiplication that outputs an input signal as a signal weighted according to the data
  • the analog memory is a display device including a transistor including a metal oxide in a channel formation region.
  • a plurality of second photosensors are provided, and a plurality of types of photosensors having a function of acquiring light intensity information of light having different wavelengths are provided as the plurality of second photosensors. preferable.
  • one embodiment of the present invention is a moving object including a display device, and the display device includes a display element, a signal processing circuit, an arithmetic circuit, and a first optical sensor, and the moving object is
  • the signal processing circuit has a function of correcting the first signal according to the parameter
  • the arithmetic circuit has information from the first photosensor and information from the second photosensor.
  • the display element has a function of generating gradation by using the first signal corrected in the signal processing circuit.
  • the arithmetic circuit includes a first circuit, a second circuit, a third circuit, a fourth circuit, and a fifth circuit. The first circuit outputs the third signal to the second circuit.
  • the third circuit has a function of outputting to the third circuit, and the third circuit has a current amount of the input signal.
  • the fifth circuit has a function of generating a sixth signal from a difference between the fifth signal and the fourth signal, the fourth signal is a parameter, and the fifth signal Is a signal input from the outside.
  • Each of the second circuit and the fourth circuit is an analog memory for storing data corresponding to a weighting factor, a writing circuit for changing data, and an input signal.
  • the analog memory is a moving body having a transistor having a metal oxide in a channel formation region.
  • the multiplication circuit outputs a weighted signal according to data.
  • a display device in which display quality is hardly affected by a use environment can be provided.
  • a display device with low power consumption can be provided with the above structure.
  • a semiconductor device such as a peripheral circuit that can reduce power consumption can be provided.
  • a semiconductor device such as a peripheral circuit whose size can be suppressed can be provided by the above structure.
  • a novel circuit can be provided.
  • a novel semiconductor device or the like can be provided. Note that the description of these effects does not disturb the existence of other effects. Note that one embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily have all of these effects. It should be noted that the effects other than these are naturally obvious from the description of the specification, drawings, claims, etc., and it is possible to extract the other effects from the descriptions of the specification, drawings, claims, etc. It is.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a configuration example of a display device.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a configuration example of a display device.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a block diagram.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a block diagram.
  • 10A and 10B each illustrate an example of a block diagram and an example of a circuit diagram.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a circuit diagram.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a configuration example of a display device.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a configuration example of a display device.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a configuration example of a pixel of a display device.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a configuration example of a pixel of a display device.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a configuration example of a pixel of a display device.
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a configuration example of a pixel of a display device.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates an example of a cross-sectional structure of a display device. The figure which shows an example of the external appearance of a display apparatus. The figure which shows an example of the cross-section of an optical sensor.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates an example of an electronic device.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates an example of an electronic device.
  • the figure which shows an example of a moving body The figure which shows an example of a moving body.
  • FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram illustrating a pixel. 6 is a timing chart illustrating operation of a pixel. 6 is a timing chart illustrating operation of a pixel.
  • a semiconductor device refers to a device using semiconductor characteristics, and includes a circuit including a semiconductor element (a transistor, a diode, or the like), a device including the circuit, or the like. In addition, it refers to all devices that can function by utilizing semiconductor characteristics. For example, an integrated circuit and a chip including the integrated circuit are examples of a semiconductor device.
  • a memory device, a display device, a light-emitting device, a lighting device, an electronic device, or the like may be a semiconductor device or may have a semiconductor device.
  • X and Y are connected, X and Y are electrically connected, and X and Y function. And the case where X and Y are directly connected are disclosed in this specification and the like. Therefore, it is not limited to a predetermined connection relationship, for example, the connection relationship shown in the figure or text, and anything other than the connection relation shown in the figure or text is also described in the figure or text.
  • X and Y are objects (for example, devices, elements, circuits, wirings, electrodes, terminals, conductive films, layers, etc.).
  • the transistor has three terminals called gate, source, and drain.
  • the gate is a node that functions as a control node for controlling the conduction state of the transistor.
  • One of the two input / output nodes functioning as a source or a drain serves as a source and the other serves as a drain depending on the type of the transistor and the potential applied to each terminal. Therefore, in this specification and the like, the terms source and drain can be used interchangeably.
  • two terminals other than the gate may be referred to as a first terminal and a second terminal.
  • a node can be restated as a terminal, a wiring, an electrode, a conductive layer, a conductor, an impurity region, or the like depending on a circuit configuration, a device structure, or the like. Further, a terminal, a wiring, or the like can be referred to as a node.
  • the voltage indicates a potential difference between a certain potential and a reference potential (for example, a ground potential (GND) or a source potential).
  • a reference potential for example, a ground potential (GND) or a source potential.
  • a voltage can be rephrased as a potential. Note that the potential is relative. Therefore, even if it is described as a ground potential, it may not necessarily mean 0V.
  • film and layer can be interchanged with each other depending on the case or circumstances.
  • the term “insulating film” may be changed to the term “insulating layer” in some cases.
  • a metal oxide when a metal oxide can form a transistor having at least one of an amplifying function, a rectifying function, and a switching function, a metal oxide semiconductor (OS for short) or an oxide semiconductor write.
  • each circuit block in the block diagram shown in the drawing specifies the positional relationship for the sake of explanation. Even if it is shown that different functions are realized by different circuit blocks, the same circuit is used in the actual circuit block. In some cases, different functions are provided in the block. Also, the function of each circuit block is to specify the function for explanation, and even if it is shown as one circuit block, the processing performed in one circuit block is performed in a plurality of circuit blocks in the actual circuit block. In some cases, it is provided.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a display device 200 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 1 includes a display unit 102 including a reflective display element 101 such as a liquid crystal element, and a display unit 104 including a light emitting display element 103 such as an EL element.
  • the display unit 102 has an area overlapping with the display unit 104. In the overlapping area, light emitted from the light emitting display element 103 of the display unit 104 passes through the display unit 102. Alternatively, external light that has passed through the display unit 104 enters the display unit 102 in the overlapping region.
  • the display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 1 includes a drive circuit (SD105a) having a function of controlling input of an image signal to the display unit 102 and a drive circuit having a function of controlling input of an image signal to the display unit 104. (SD105b).
  • SD105a a drive circuit having a function of controlling input of an image signal to the display unit 102
  • SD105b a drive circuit having a function of controlling input of an image signal to the display unit 104.
  • the display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 1 includes a drive circuit (SD105a) having a function of controlling input of an image signal to the display unit 102 and a drive circuit having a function of controlling input of an image signal to the display unit 104.
  • the display unit 102 can display an image by controlling the gradation of the reflective display element 101. Further, the display unit 104 can display an image by controlling the gradation of the light emitting display element 103.
  • an image can be displayed using one or both of the display portion 102 and the display portion 104.
  • the display unit 102 uses the reflective display element 101, external light can be used as a light source when displaying the image.
  • external light can be used, power consumption of the display device 200 can be suppressed by displaying an image only on the display unit 102.
  • the display unit 104 uses the light-emitting display element 103, an image can be displayed without preparing a separate light source or using external light.
  • the display quality of the image can be improved even when the intensity of external light is low. That is, high display quality can be ensured regardless of the use environment of the display device 200.
  • an image can be displayed using both the display portion 102 and the display portion 104.
  • the number of gradations of an image that can be displayed on the display device 200 can be increased.
  • the range of the color gamut of an image that can be displayed on the display device 200 can be expanded.
  • the display device 200 includes a controller (CTL 106) having a function of generating an image signal supplied to the SD 105a and an image signal supplied to the SD 105b from the image data Vdata.
  • the CTL 106 also has a function of performing various corrections on the input image data Vdata by signal processing.
  • the function of performing various corrections on the image data Vdata can be said to be a function of performing various corrections on the image signal Vsiga and the image signal Vsigb.
  • the image signal Vsiga generated by the CTL 106 is supplied to the SD 105a.
  • the image signal Vsigb generated by the CTL 106 is supplied to the SD 105a.
  • gamma correction that matches the characteristics of the reflective display element 101
  • luminance correction that matches the deterioration characteristics of the light-emitting display element 103, and the like can be performed.
  • usage conditions such as the intensity of external light in the usage environment of the display device 200, the incident angle of external light incident on the display device 200, and user preferences. The color and the number of gradations can be adjusted according to the above.
  • the CTL 106 includes a signal processing circuit (SPC 108) and an arithmetic circuit (AIC 107).
  • the AIC 107 uses the signal Sig-ld including information on usage conditions such as the intensity of external light in the usage environment of the display device 200 described above, the incident angle of external light incident on the display device 200, and user preferences.
  • the signal Vsiga and the image signal Vsigb have a function of calculating parameters for adjusting the color and the number of gradations.
  • the SPC 108 has a function of adjusting the color and the number of gradations of the image signal Vsiga and the image signal Vsigb using the parameters calculated by the AIC 107.
  • the AIC 107 has a function of performing analog arithmetic processing using analog data, similarly to information processing of analog data executed in a brain having neurons as basic elements.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a more detailed configuration of the display device 200.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an input device 109 having a function of supplying usage condition information to the display device 200 and a host 185 in addition to the display device 200.
  • the input device 109 may be included in the display device 200.
  • the CTL 106 includes an interface 150, a frame memory 151, a decoder 152, a sensor controller 153, a signal controller 154, a clock generation circuit 155, an image processing unit 160, a memory 170, a timing controller 173, and a register 175.
  • the input device 109 various sensors such as an optical sensor 143, an open / close sensor 144, and an acceleration sensor 146 can be used.
  • a touch panel 181, a keyboard 182, a pointing device 183, or the like can be used as the input device 109.
  • the input device 109 may be appropriately selected according to the type of usage conditions supplied to the display device 200.
  • the information obtained by the optical sensor 143 is used as the use condition information. it can.
  • information obtained from the touch panel 181, keyboard 182, pointing device 183, or the like can be used as usage condition information as the input device 109. .
  • the interface 150 has a function of controlling input of image data Vdata from the host 185 and various control signals Sigcon to the CTL 106.
  • the host 185 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) or a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit).
  • the frame memory 151 has a function of storing image data input to the CTL 106.
  • the decoder 152 has a function of expanding the compressed image data when the image data stored in the frame memory 151 is in a compressed state. Note that the decoder 152 may be electrically connected to the frame memory 151 so as to decompress the image data before being stored in the frame memory 151.
  • the image processing unit 160 has a function of performing various kinds of image processing on the image data and generating an image signal.
  • the image processing includes correction for adjusting the color and the number of gradations according to the use conditions.
  • Other examples of various image processing performed by the image processing unit 160 include gamma correction, adjustment of the luminance of the light emitting display element 103 in accordance with the deterioration of the light emitting display element 103, and the like.
  • the image processing unit 160 includes an SPC 108 and an AIC 107.
  • the AIC 107 has a function of calculating parameter values for adjusting the color and the number of gradations using the information on the use conditions, and the SPC 108 uses the parameter values to adjust the color and gradation. It has a function of adjusting the number of image data or image signals.
  • each table value corresponds to the above parameter.
  • the value defining the function form corresponds to the parameter.
  • the AIC 107 may have a neural network which will be described later, and have a function of performing supervised learning.
  • the parameters can be optimized by the AIC 107 learning using the input usage condition information as teacher data.
  • information on usage conditions such as an incident angle of external light detected by a sensor, an intensity of external light, and an angle of a display device corresponds to learning data.
  • parameters reflecting user preferences such as color and gradation selected by the user correspond to teacher data.
  • the AIC 107 can output parameters that seem to be appropriate for the usage condition information during use. Image processing may be performed in the SPC 108 using the output parameters.
  • the memory 170 has a function of temporarily storing image signals.
  • the image signal generated by the image processing unit 160 is supplied to the SD 105a or SD 105b via the memory 170.
  • the timing controller 173 has a function of generating timing signals used in the operations of the SD 105 a, SD 105 b, the display unit 102, and the display unit 104.
  • the clock generation circuit 155 has a function of generating a clock signal used in the CTL 106.
  • the signal controller 154 has a function of controlling various circuits in the CTL 106 using various control signals Sigcon input via the interface 150.
  • the CTL 106 may include a power controller having a function of controlling power supply to various circuits in the CTL 106.
  • temporarily shutting off power supply to an unused circuit is referred to as power gating.
  • the register 175 stores data used for the operation of the CTL 106.
  • the data stored in the register 175 includes parameters used by the image processing unit 160 to perform correction processing, parameters used by the timing controller 173 to generate waveforms of various timing signals, and the like.
  • the register 175 may include a scan chain register including a plurality of registers.
  • the sensor controller 153 generates a signal including usage condition information based on information obtained by the optical sensor 143, the open / close sensor 144, or the acceleration sensor 146.
  • the signal is supplied to the image processing unit 160 via the signal controller 154 or not via the signal controller 154.
  • the optical sensor 143 has a function of obtaining light intensity information.
  • the acceleration sensor 146 has a function of obtaining information on the tilt of the display device 200.
  • a gyro sensor or the like may be used as a module for obtaining tilt information.
  • the open / close sensor 144 has a function of obtaining information on an angle between a case where the display device 200 is supported and another case.
  • the display device 200 may have a function of obtaining information on the angle between the housings.
  • the signal controller 154 has a function of determining whether one of the display unit 102 and the display unit 104 is used for displaying an image, or both, according to the use condition information obtained in the input device 109. Have.
  • the display unit 102 displays the image on the display unit 102 and the display unit 104.
  • the signal controller 154 can control various circuits in the CTL 106.
  • the display unit 104 of the display unit 102 and the display unit 104 displays an image.
  • the signal controller 154 can control various circuits in the CTL 106.
  • the signal controller 154 increases the number of gradations of an image that can be displayed on the display device 200 or expands the range of the color gamut of the image that can be displayed on the display device 200 in accordance with the use condition information obtained by the input device 109.
  • the signal controller 154 can control various circuits in the CTL 106 so as to display an image on both the display unit 102 and the display unit 104.
  • the display unit 102 using a reflective display element and the display unit 104 using a light-emitting display element can display different images.
  • many liquid crystal elements and electronic paper that can be applied to a reflective display element have a slow operation speed (it takes time to display a picture). Therefore, a still image as a background can be displayed on the display unit 102 using a reflective display element, and a moving mouse pointer image or the like can be displayed on the display unit 104 using a light-emitting display element.
  • the display device 200 can achieve both smooth video display and low power consumption.
  • the frame memory 151 may be provided with an area for storing image data to be displayed on each of the reflective display element 101 and the light emitting display element 103.
  • This embodiment can be implemented in appropriate combination with any of the other embodiments.
  • a CNN Convolutional Neural Network
  • a perceptron type neural network can be used for the arithmetic circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the AIC 107 which is an arithmetic circuit preferably has a neural network as a configuration.
  • a neural network as a configuration.
  • an example is shown in which a multilayer hierarchical perceptron is used as a neural network.
  • the neural network includes neurons and synapses that connect the neurons.
  • a model of the neuron 50 and the synapse 60 is shown in FIG.
  • the i- th input be x i
  • the i-th synaptic weight be w i .
  • Data of weights w 1 to w L included in the synapse 60 are set for the inputs x 1 to x L.
  • the output from the neuron 50 outputs “H” (referred to as high level or H level) when the threshold value ⁇ O is exceeded (this phenomenon is called “ignition” as will be described later).
  • FIG. 1 A model of the multilayer hierarchical perceptron is shown in FIG.
  • Inputs x 1 to x L are output from the input layer IL.
  • the hidden layer HL has a hidden synapse HS and a hidden neuron HN.
  • the output layer OL has an output synapse OS and an output neuron ON.
  • the inputs x 1 to x L are given to the hidden neuron HN as a value corresponding to the product of the weight coefficient held by the hidden synapse HS.
  • the output from the hidden neurons HN is a product of the weighting factors output synapse OS holds, and the threshold theta H, as a value corresponding to, provided to each output neuron ON. From the respective output neuron ON, outputs y 1 to y n are output.
  • the multilayer hierarchical perceptron may have a plurality of hidden layers HL.
  • the inputs x 1 to x L data such as an incident angle and an angle of external light detected by a sensor included in the display device, an angle of the display device, and the like are given.
  • the output y 1 through y n it can be obtained a parameter for setting the brightness of the display device, the color tone, and the like.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a more specific neural network included in the AIC 107.
  • 4A shows an input neuron circuit IN, a hidden neuron circuit HN, an output neuron circuit ON, a hidden synapse circuit HS, an output synapse circuit OS, a hidden error circuit HE, and an output error circuit OE.
  • the input layer IL has an input neuron circuit IN
  • the hidden layer HL has a hidden neuron circuit HN
  • a hidden synapse circuit HS a hidden error circuit HE
  • the output layer OL has an output.
  • It has an error circuit OE, an output neuron circuit ON, and an output synapse circuit OS.
  • Signal I corresponds to an input signal
  • signal T corresponds to a teacher signal T
  • signal O corresponds to an output signal.
  • the hidden layer HL illustrated in FIG. 4A may have two or more layers as illustrated in FIG. With this configuration, more complicated learning can be performed.
  • the color adjustment of the display device 200 and the number of gradations are output. Can be obtained.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an example of a detailed configuration of the neural network shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 shows L (N is a natural number) input neuron circuits IN constituting a neural network, m (m is a natural number) hidden neuron circuits HN, n (n is a natural number) output neuron circuits ON, ( L + 1) ⁇ m hidden synapse circuits HS, (m + 1) ⁇ n output synapse circuits OS, m hidden error circuits HE, and n output error circuits OE are illustrated.
  • the input neuron circuit IN [i] amplifies an input signal I [i] from the outside of the neural network with an amplifier or the like, and generates an output signal x [i].
  • FIG. 6A shows the configuration of the hidden synapse circuit HS [j, i] (j and i are natural numbers).
  • the hidden synapse circuit HS [j, i] includes an analog memory AM1, a multiplication circuit MUL1, and a multiplication circuit MUL2.
  • the analog memory AM1 has a function of storing data corresponding to the weighting factor w [j, i] and outputting a corresponding voltage.
  • the multiplication circuit MUL1 multiplies the output signal x [i] of the input neuron circuit IN by the weight coefficient w [j, i] of the analog memory AM1, and generates the output signal w [j, i] x [i]. .
  • a current corresponding to the multiplication result is supplied as the output signal w [j, i] x [i].
  • the multiplication circuit MUL2 multiplies the output signal x [i] of the input neuron circuit IN and the output signal dx [j] of the hidden error circuit HE [j] to generate a signal dw.
  • a current corresponding to the multiplication result is supplied as the signal dw.
  • the signal dw is supplied as a current corresponding to a change in the weighting factor w [j, i] stored in the analog memory AM1. That is, the multiplication circuit MUL2 corresponds to a writing circuit that changes data in the analog memory AM1.
  • the input signal x [0] is ⁇ 1
  • the weighting factors w [1, 0] to w [m, 0] are ⁇ H [1. ]
  • To ⁇ H [m] are given, and the output signals w [1, 0] x [0] to w [m, 0] x [0] are ⁇ H [1] to ⁇ H [m]. ] Is supplied.
  • the hidden synapse circuit HS may be simply referred to as a circuit.
  • [I] may be an input signal X, and the input signal may be converted into a voltage by the resistor 121 to have an amplifier that generates an output signal y [j].
  • the output signal y (j) of the amplifier has a characteristic that becomes f H (X) in Expression (1) when the input signal X is a variable, or a characteristic that can be approximated to the characteristic.
  • f H (X) that is, the output signal y [j] approaches 1, that is, “H” (high level, referred to as H level).
  • H level high level
  • FIG. 6B shows the configuration of the output synapse circuit OS [k, j].
  • the output synapse circuit OS [k, j] includes an analog memory AM2, a multiplication circuit MUL3, a multiplication circuit MUL4, and a multiplication circuit MUL5.
  • the analog memory AM2 has a function of storing data corresponding to the weighting coefficient v [k, j] and outputting a corresponding voltage.
  • the multiplication circuit MUL3 multiplies the output signal y [j] of the hidden neuron circuit HN [j] by the weight coefficient v [k, j] of the analog memory AM2, and outputs the output signal v [k, j] y [j].
  • the current corresponding to the multiplication result is output.
  • the multiplication circuit MUL4 multiplies the output signal y [j] of the hidden neuron circuit HN [j] by the output signal dy [k] of the output error circuit OE [k], and corresponds to the multiplication result as a signal dv.
  • a current is supplied to the analog memory AM2.
  • the signal dv is supplied as a current corresponding to the change in the weighting coefficient v [k, j] stored in the analog memory AM2.
  • the multiplication circuit MUL5 multiplies the output signal dy [k] of the output error circuit OE [k] by the weight coefficient v [k, j] of the analog memory AM, and outputs the output signal v [k, j] dy [k].
  • a current corresponding to the multiplication result is supplied.
  • the input signal y [0] is ⁇ 1
  • the weighting coefficients v [1, 0] to v [n, 0] are ⁇ O [1. ] to theta O [n] are given, as the output signal v [1,0] y [0] to v [n, 0] y [ 0], - ⁇ O [1] to - [theta] O [n ] Is supplied.
  • the output synapse circuit OS may be simply referred to as a circuit.
  • FIG. 6C shows a configuration of the analog memory AM applicable to the analog memories AM1 and AM2 in the hidden synapse circuit HS [j, i] and the output synapse circuit OS [k, j].
  • the analog memory AM includes a transistor Tr15 and a capacitive element C.
  • An ideal analog memory can be formed by using the transistor Tr15 as an oxide semiconductor that has an extremely low off-state current. Accordingly, there is no need to mount a large-scale capacitor element for storing data, and there is no need to restore analog data by a periodic refresh operation, so that the chip area and power consumption can be reduced. . Since the current corresponding to the changed amount is supplied when the data is updated, the above-described ⁇ v or ⁇ w (constant) is changed by adjusting the period during which the signal line WL is set to “H”. be able to.
  • FIG. 7A shows the configuration of the output neuron circuit ON [k].
  • [J] is an input signal Y, and the input signal Y is converted into a voltage by a resistor 111 to generate an output signal O [k].
  • the output signal O [k] of the amplifier 112 has a characteristic that becomes f O (Y) in Expression (2) or a characteristic that can be approximated to the characteristic when the input signal Y is a variable.
  • ⁇ j 1 to m v [k, j]
  • y [j] is the threshold ⁇
  • O [k] is exceeded, f O (Y), that is, the output signal O [k] approaches 1, that is, becomes “H”, which causes the output neuron circuit ON [k] to fire.
  • the threshold value ⁇ O [k] corresponds to a threshold value when the output neuron circuit ON [k] fires.
  • weighting factors w [j, i] so that desired output signals O [1] to O [n] are obtained for the input signals I [1] to I [L].
  • Storing data corresponding to v [k, j] in each analog memory AM1, AM2 corresponds to learning.
  • an arbitrary value is given as an initial value to the weighting factors w [j, i] and v [k, j], and input data used for learning is input to the input signals I [1] to I [ L], a teacher signal as an output expected value is given to the input signals T [1] to T [n] of the output neuron circuit, and the output signals O [1] to O [n] of the output neuron circuit and the input signal T [ 1] to T [n] is converged to the weighting coefficients w [j, i] and v [k, j] that minimize the sum of squared errors.
  • the teacher signal is a signal having teacher data.
  • an optimum parameter for example, a parameter that seems to be suitable for the use conditions of the display device 200 can be output as an output signal.
  • the difference between the teacher signal T [k] and the output signal O [k] is acquired by the amplifier 113 and output as the difference signal ey [k].
  • ⁇ w is a constant.
  • the output neuron circuit ON may be simply referred to as a circuit.
  • FIG. 7B shows the configuration of the output error circuit OE [k].
  • An amplifier 122 that converts the voltage into a voltage by 121 and generates a signal Y is provided.
  • FIG. 7C shows the configuration of the hidden error circuit HE [j].
  • the weighting factors w [j, i] and v [k, j] can be updated.
  • the input signals I [1] to I [I] Data corresponding to weighting factors w [j, i] and v [k, j] are stored in each analog memory so that desired output signals O [1] to O [n] can be obtained for [L]. can do. That is, the AIC 107 that is an arithmetic circuit can be learned.
  • learning data is given as an input signal of the input neuron circuit
  • a teacher signal corresponding to the learning data is given as an input signal of the output neuron circuit
  • the data in the analog memory is updated according to the error signal.
  • the target data is given as an input signal of the input neuron circuit by learning
  • the target data that is, the use conditions such as the intensity of the external light in the use environment of the display device 200 and the incident angle of the external light incident on the display device 200
  • the display device 200 can output parameters for performing color adjustment, gradation number adjustment, and the like according to the user's preference.
  • the calculation of the weighted sum and the update amount of the weighting coefficient in the neural network can be performed.
  • each weighting factor of the feature extraction filter can be set using a random number. For example, when sensing the incident angle of external light, it is possible to extract a feature amount even if the data obtained from the sensor is not necessarily data indicating a peak corresponding to the incident angle of external light. Therefore, when forming a light-shielding film to control the angle of external light incident on the sensor, even if the layout accuracy of the light-shielding film is not high, optimal parameters are set again by machine learning of the neural network, and the incident angle The exact value of can be obtained. Therefore, it is possible to obtain an accurate value of the incident angle while suppressing the manufacturing cost of the light shielding film.
  • Various parameters obtained by machine learning in the neural network can be stored in a controller register.
  • This embodiment can be implemented in appropriate combination with any of the other embodiments.
  • the operation of the arithmetic circuit means that the learning data is input to the arithmetic circuit having the neural network described in the above embodiment, the learning data is input to the arithmetic circuit, and then the target data is input to the arithmetic circuit. This refers to the process until the parameter corresponding to the data is output.
  • 8 and 9 are flowcharts showing the operation of the arithmetic circuit. In the following description, the operation of the arithmetic circuit having the neural network shown in FIG. 5 will be described as an example.
  • step S1-1 learning data is input to the input neuron circuit IN from the outside.
  • the learning data corresponds to the input signals I [1] to I [L] shown in FIG.
  • the learning data here is, for example, data on usage conditions such as the incident angle of external light detected by the sensor, the intensity of external light, and the angle of the display device in the display device shown in the first embodiment.
  • the number of input neuron circuits IN to be input is determined.
  • the input neuron circuit IN which is not necessary for inputting the learning data is preferably configured to input data whose output signal x is a fixed value.
  • learning data I [i] there are L types of learning data, and the i-th value of the learning data is described as learning data I [i]. It is assumed that learning data I [1] to learning data I [L] are input to input neuron circuits IN [1] to IN [L], respectively.
  • step S1-2 the output signals x [1] to x [L] are input to the hidden synapse circuits HS [1,1] to HS [1, L] from the input neuron circuits IN [1] to IN [L].
  • a signal x [0] having a constant value is input to the hidden synapse circuits HS [1, 0] to HS [m, 0].
  • the hidden synapse circuits HS [1, 0] to HS [1, L] multiply the output signal x [i] by the weighting factor w [1, i] held in the analog memory AM1.
  • i] x [i] is output to the hidden error circuit HE [1] and the hidden neuron circuit HN [1].
  • the above operation is also performed in the hidden synapse circuits HS [m, 0] to HS [m, L], and the output signal w [m, i] x [i] is converted into the hidden error circuit HE [m] and the hidden neuron circuit. Output to HN [m].
  • step S1-3 In step S1-3, ⁇ w [1, i] x [i], which is the sum of the output signals of the hidden synapse circuits HS [1, 0] to HS [1, L], is input to the hidden neuron circuit HN [1]. Is done. Similarly, ⁇ w [m, i] x [i], which is the sum of the output signals of the hidden synapse circuits HS [m, 0] to HS [m, L], is input to the hidden neuron circuit HN [m].
  • the number of hidden neuron circuits HN [1] to HN [m] can be changed according to the learning data. It is preferable that the hidden neuron circuit HN which is not necessary is configured to input data whose output signal y is a fixed value. Further, it is preferable to apply a configuration such as blocking the supply of power to the hidden neuron circuit HN.
  • the number of hidden neuron circuits HN is m
  • the input value of the jth hidden neuron circuit HN is described as ⁇ w [j, i] x [i].
  • step S1-4 output signals y [1] to y [m] are input from the hidden neuron circuits HN [1] to HN [m] to the output synapse circuits OS [1,1] to OS [1, m].
  • a signal y [0] having a constant value is input to the output synapse circuits OS [1, 0] to OS [n, 0].
  • the output synapse circuits OS [1, 0] to OS [1, m] output signals v [1, j] obtained by multiplying the output signal y [j] by the weighting factor v [1, j] held in the analog memory AM2.
  • y [j] is output to the output error circuits OE [1] and ON [1].
  • step S1-5 In step S1-5, ⁇ v [1, j] y [j], which is the sum of the output signals of the output synapse circuits OS [1,0] to OS [1, m], is input to the output neuron circuit ON [1]. Is done. Similarly, ⁇ v [n, j] y [j], which is the sum of output signals of the output synapse circuits OS [n, 0] to OS [n, m], is input to the output neuron circuit ON [n]. The output neuron circuits ON [1] to [n] output output signals O [1] to O [n].
  • the output neuron circuit ON [1] includes ⁇ v [1, j] y [j] which is the sum of output signals of the output synapse circuits OS [1, 0] to OS [1, m] and an external teacher signal T [ 1], the differential signal ey [1] is output to the output error circuit OE [1].
  • the output neuron circuit ON [n] includes ⁇ v [n, j] y [j] that is a sum of output signals of the output synapse circuits OS [n, 0] to OS [n, m] and an external teacher. Based on the signal T [n], the differential signal ey [n] is output to the output error circuit OE [n].
  • step S1-6 In step S1-6, ⁇ v [1, j, which is the sum of the difference signal ey [1] from the output neuron circuit ON [1] and the output signals of the output synapse circuits OS [1, 0] to OS [1, m]. ] Y [j] is input to the output error circuit OE [1].
  • the output error circuit OE [1] outputs the output signal dy [1] obtained by multiplying the difference signal ey [1] by a signal obtained by differentiating ⁇ v [1, j] y [j], and outputs the output signal dy [1]. Output to [1, 0] to OS [1, m].
  • step S1-6 ⁇ v [n, which is the sum of the difference signal ey [n] from the output neuron circuit ON [n] and the output signals of the output synapse circuits OS [n, 0] to OS [n, m].
  • J] y [j] are input to the output error circuit OE [n].
  • the output error circuit OE [n] outputs an output signal dy [n] obtained by multiplying the difference signal ey [n] by a signal obtained by differentiating ⁇ v [n, j] y [j] to the hidden synapse circuit OS. Output to [n, 0] to OS [n, m].
  • step S1-7 the weighting coefficient v [1, j] held in the analog memory AM2 in the output synapse circuits OS [1, 0] to OS [1, m] based on the output signal dy [1]. Update. Similarly, in step S1-7, based on the output signal dy [n], the weighting factor v [n, held in the analog memory AM2 in the output synapse circuits OS [n, 0] to OS [n, m]. j] is updated.
  • the output signals dy [1] to dy [n] are added to the updated weighting factors v [1,1] to v [n, 1].
  • the output signals v [1,1] dy [1] to v [n, 1] dy [n] multiplied by are output to the hidden error circuit HE [1].
  • the output signals dy [1] to dy [n] are applied to the updated weight coefficients v [1, m] to v [n, m].
  • the multiplied output signals v [1, m] dy [1] to v [n, 1] dy [n] are output to the hidden error circuit HE [m].
  • step S1-8 In step S1-8, ⁇ w [1, i] x [i], which is the sum of the output signals of the hidden synapse circuits HS [1, 0] to HS [1, L], and the output synapse circuit OS [1, 1].
  • the ex [1] that is the sum of the output signals of OS [n, 1] is input to the hidden error circuit HE [1].
  • the hidden error circuit HE [1] generates an output signal dx [1] obtained by multiplying the signal ex [1] by a signal obtained by differentiating on the basis of ⁇ w [1, i] x [i]. Output to circuits HS [1, 0] to HS [1, L].
  • step S1-8 ⁇ w [m, i] x [i], which is the sum of the output signals of the hidden synapse circuits HS [m, 0] to HS [m, L], and the output synapse circuit OS [1, m] to ex [m], which is the sum of the output signals of OS [n, m], is input to the hidden error circuit HE [m].
  • the hidden error circuit HE [m] generates an output signal dx [m] obtained by multiplying the signal ex [m] by a signal obtained by differentiating the signal ex [m] based on ⁇ w [m, i] x [i]. Output to the circuits HS [m, 0] to HS [m, L].
  • step S1-9 In step S1-9, based on the output signal dx [1], the weighting factor w [1, i] held in the analog memory AM1 in the hidden synapse circuits HS [1, 0] to HS [1, L]. To update the weighting coefficient dw [1, i]. Similarly, in step S1-9, based on the output signal dx [m], the weighting factor w [m, held in the analog memory AM1 in the hidden synapse circuits HS [m, 0] to OS [m, L]. i] is updated with the weighting coefficient dw [m, i].
  • steps S1-2 to S1-9 are repeated a predetermined number of times based on the updated weighting factors dw [1, i] to dw [m, i].
  • step S1-10 it is determined whether steps S1-2 to S1-9 have been repeated a predetermined number of times. When the predetermined number of times is reached, the learning for the learning data is terminated.
  • the predetermined number of times here is ideally repeated until the error between the output signals O [1] to O [n] and the teacher signals T [1] to T [n] falls within a specified value. Although it is preferable, it may be an arbitrary number determined empirically.
  • step S1-11 it is determined whether or not learning has been performed on all learning data. If there is unfinished learning data, steps S1-1 to S1-10 are repeated, and if learning has been completed for all the learning data, the process is terminated. In addition, about the learning data once learned, it is good also as a structure which learns again after the learning with respect to all the learning data is completed.
  • hidden layers that is, hidden synapse circuits and hidden neuron circuits in multiple layers.
  • the weighting factor can be updated repeatedly, so that the learning efficiency can be improved.
  • step S2-1 target data is input to the input neuron circuit IN from the outside.
  • step S2-2 output signals x [1] to x corresponding to the target data are transferred from the input neuron circuits IN [1] to IN [L] to the hidden synapse circuits HS [1, 1] to IN [1, L]. [L] is input.
  • step S2-2 a signal x [0] having a constant value is input to the hidden synapse circuits HS [1, 0] to HS [m, 0].
  • the hidden synapse circuits HS [1, 0] to HS [1, L] multiply the output signal x [i] by the weight coefficient w [1, i] held in the learning step S1-9.
  • [1, i] x [i] is output to the hidden neuron circuit HN [1].
  • the above-described operation is also performed in the hidden synapse circuits HS [m, 0] to HS [m, L], and the output signal w [m, i] x [i] is output to the hidden neuron circuit HN [m].
  • step S2-3 the hidden neuron circuit HN [1] is input with ⁇ w [1, i] x [i], which is the sum of output signals of the hidden synapse circuits HS [1, 0] to HS [1, L]. Is done. Similarly, ⁇ w [m, i] x [i], which is the sum of the output signals of the hidden synapse circuits HS [m, 0] to HS [m, L], is input to the hidden neuron circuit HN [m].
  • step S2-4 output signals y [1] to y [m] are input from the hidden neuron circuits HN [1] to HN [m] to the output synapse circuits OS [1,1] to OS [n, 1].
  • a signal y [0] having a constant value is input to the output synapse circuits OS [1, 0] to OS [n, 0].
  • the output synapse circuits OS [1, 0] to OS [1, m] output signals v [1, j] obtained by multiplying the output signal y [j] by the weighting factor v [1, j] held in the analog memory AM2.
  • j] y [j] is output to the output neuron circuit ON [1].
  • step S2-5 In step S2-5, ⁇ v [1, j] y [j], which is the sum of output signals of the output synapse circuits OS [1,0] to OS [1, m], is input to the output neuron circuit ON [1]. Is done. Similarly, ⁇ v [n, j] y [j], which is the sum of output signals of the output synapse circuits OS [n, 0] to OS [n, m], is input to the output neuron circuit ON [n]. The output neuron circuits ON [1] to [n] output output signals O [1] to O [n].
  • the output data O [1] to O [n] that are output are the target data, that is, the external light in the usage environment of the display device 200.
  • Parameters for setting intensity, brightness, color tone, and the like according to usage conditions such as intensity, an incident angle of external light incident on the display device 200, and user preferences can be output.
  • the arithmetic circuit having the neural network shown in FIG. 5 learns the learning data, and then corresponds to the target data. Can be output.
  • the hierarchical perceptron neural network can be displayed according to the user's preference.
  • display quality that does not depend on external light can be provided.
  • This embodiment can be implemented in appropriate combination with any of the other embodiments.
  • Embodiment 4 a structural example of a display device using a reflective display element and a light-emitting display element will be described. Note that in this embodiment, a structure example of a display device is described using a case where a liquid crystal element is used as a reflective display element and a light-emitting element using an EL material is used as a light-emitting display element.
  • FIG. 10A illustrates an example of a cross-sectional structure of the display device 200 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 10A includes a light-emitting display element 103, a reflective display element 101, a transistor 205 having a function of controlling current supply to the light-emitting display element 103, and a reflective display element.
  • a transistor 206 having a function of controlling supply of a voltage to the transistor 101.
  • the light emitting display element 103, the reflective display element 101, the transistor 205, and the transistor 206 are located between the substrate 201 and the substrate 202.
  • a liquid crystal element is used as the reflective display element 101.
  • the reflective display element 101 includes a pixel electrode 207, a common electrode 208, and a liquid crystal layer 209.
  • the pixel electrode 207 is electrically connected to the transistor 206. Then, the orientation of the liquid crystal layer 209 is controlled according to the voltage applied between the pixel electrode 207 and the common electrode 208.
  • FIG. 10A illustrates a case where the pixel electrode 207 has a function of reflecting visible light and the common electrode 208 has a function of transmitting visible light, and light incident from the substrate 202 side is illustrated. As indicated by a white arrow, the light is reflected from the pixel electrode 207 and is emitted again from the substrate 202 side.
  • the light emitting display element 103 is electrically connected to the transistor 205. Light emitted from the light emitting display element 103 is emitted to the substrate 202 side.
  • FIG. 10A illustrates the case where the pixel electrode 207 has a function of reflecting visible light and the common electrode 208 has a function of transmitting visible light; thus, the light is emitted from the light-emitting display element 103.
  • the emitted light passes through a region that does not overlap with the pixel electrode 207 as indicated by a white arrow, passes through a region where the common electrode 208 is located, and is emitted from the substrate 202 side.
  • the transistor 205 and the transistor 206 are located in the same layer 210, and the layer 210 including the transistor 205 and the transistor 206 includes the reflective display element 101. A region between the light emitting display elements 103 is provided. Note that at least when the semiconductor layer included in the transistor 205 and the semiconductor layer included in the transistor 206 are located on the same insulating surface, it can be said that the transistor 205 and the transistor 206 are included in the same layer 210. .
  • the transistor 205 and the transistor 206 can be manufactured through a common manufacturing process.
  • FIG. 10B illustrates an example of a cross-sectional structure of another structure of the display device 200 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 10B is different in structure from the display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 10A in that the transistor 205 and the transistor 206 are included in different layers.
  • the display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 10B includes a layer 210a including the transistor 205 and a layer 210b including the transistor 206.
  • the layer 210a and the layer 210b each include the reflective display element 101. And a region between the light-emitting display element 103.
  • the layer 210a is closer to the light-emitting display element 103 side than the layer 210b. Note that at least when the semiconductor layer included in the transistor 205 and the semiconductor layer included in the transistor 206 are located on different insulating surfaces, it can be said that the transistor 205 and the transistor 206 are included in different layers.
  • the transistor 205 and various wirings electrically connected to the transistor 205 can be partially overlapped with the transistor 206 and various wirings electrically connected to the transistor 206, so that the pixel
  • the size of the display device 200 can be kept small, and high definition of the display device 200 can be realized.
  • FIG. 11A illustrates an example of a cross-sectional structure of another structure of the display device 200 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 11A is different from the display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 10A in that the transistor 205 and the transistor 206 are included in different layers.
  • the display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 11A has the same structure as the display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 10B in that the layer 210a including the transistor 205 is closer to the substrate 201 than the light-emitting display element 103 is. Is different.
  • the display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 11A includes a layer 210 a including the transistor 205 and a layer 210 b including the transistor 206.
  • the layer 210 a has a region between the light emitting display element 103 and the substrate 201.
  • the layer 210 b has a region between the reflective display element 101 and the light emitting display element 103.
  • the transistor 205 and various wirings electrically connected to the transistor 205 are connected to each other, and the transistor 206 and various wirings electrically connected to the transistor 206 are more connected than in the case of FIG. Since many pixels can be overlapped, the size of the pixel can be reduced and high definition of the display device 200 can be realized.
  • FIG. 11B illustrates an example of a cross-sectional structure of another structure of the display device 200 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 11B has the same structure as the display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 10A in that the transistor 205 and the transistor 206 are included in the same layer.
  • the display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 11B is illustrated in FIG. 10A in that a layer including the transistor 205 and the transistor 206 is closer to the substrate 201 than the light-emitting display element 103 is.
  • the configuration is different from the display device 200.
  • the display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 11B includes the layer 210 including the transistor 205 and the transistor 206.
  • the layer 210 has a region between the light emitting display element 103 and the substrate 201.
  • the reflective display element 101 is closer to the substrate 202 side than the light emitting display element 103.
  • the transistor 205 and the transistor 206 can be manufactured through a common manufacturing process.
  • a wiring for electrically connecting the reflective display element 101 and the transistor 206 and a wiring for electrically connecting the light-emitting display element 103 and the transistor 205 are provided on the same side with respect to the layer 210. That's fine.
  • a wiring for electrically connecting the reflective display element 101 and the transistor 206 can be formed over the semiconductor layer of the transistor 206, and the electrical connection between the light-emitting display element 103 and the transistor 205 can be achieved.
  • a wiring for performing easy connection can be formed over the semiconductor layer of the transistor 205.
  • the manufacturing process can be simplified as compared with the case of the display device 200 illustrated in FIG.
  • FIGS. 10 and 11 illustrate a cross-sectional structure in which one light-emitting display element 103 corresponds to two reflective display elements 101, a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention is provided.
  • One reflective display element 101 may have a cross-sectional structure in which one light emitting display element 103 corresponds to one reflective display element 101, and a plurality of light emitting display elements may correspond to one reflective display element 101.
  • 103 may have a corresponding cross-sectional structure.
  • the pixel electrode 207 included in the reflective display element 101 has a function of reflecting visible light
  • the pixel electrode 207 has a function of transmitting visible light. May be.
  • a light source such as a backlight or a front light may be provided in the display device 200, or the light emitting display element 103 may be used as a light source when an image is displayed using the reflective display element 101.
  • This embodiment can be implemented in appropriate combination with any of the other embodiments.
  • Embodiment 5 a structural example of a pixel included in a display device using a reflective display element and a light-emitting display element will be described. Note that in this embodiment, the structure of the pixel 300 according to one embodiment of the present invention is described by using as an example the case where a liquid crystal element is used as a reflective display element and a light-emitting element using an EL material is used as a light-emitting display element. An example will be described.
  • a pixel 300 illustrated in FIG. 12A includes a pixel 350 and a pixel 351.
  • the pixel 350 includes a liquid crystal element 301
  • the pixel 351 includes a light emitting element 302.
  • the reflective display element 101 described in the above embodiment can be used as the liquid crystal element 301
  • the light-emitting display element 103 described in the above embodiment can be used as the light-emitting display element 103.
  • the pixel 350 includes a liquid crystal element 301, a transistor 303 having a function of controlling voltage applied to the liquid crystal element 301, and a capacitor 304.
  • the gate is electrically connected to the wiring GL
  • one of the source and the drain is electrically connected to the wiring SL
  • the other of the source and the drain is electrically connected to the pixel electrode of the liquid crystal element 301.
  • the common electrode of the liquid crystal element 301 is electrically connected to a wiring or an electrode to which a predetermined potential is supplied.
  • the capacitor 304 one electrode is electrically connected to the pixel electrode of the liquid crystal element 301, and the other electrode is electrically connected to a wiring or an electrode to which a predetermined potential is supplied.
  • the pixel 351 includes a light-emitting element 302, a transistor 305 having a function of controlling current supplied to the light-emitting element 302, and a transistor 306 having a function of controlling supply of a potential to the gate of the transistor 305.
  • the gate of the transistor 306 is electrically connected to the wiring GE, one of the source and the drain is electrically connected to the wiring DL, and the other of the source and the drain is electrically connected to the gate of the transistor 305.
  • the transistor 305 one of a source and a drain is electrically connected to the wiring AL, and the other of the source and the drain is electrically connected to the light-emitting element 302.
  • the capacitor 307 one electrode is electrically connected to the wiring AL and the other electrode is electrically connected to the gate of the transistor 305.
  • an image signal corresponding to the liquid crystal element 301 is supplied to the wiring SL, and an image signal corresponding to the light-emitting element 302 is supplied to the wiring DL, so that the pixel 300 is displayed.
  • the gradation and the gradation displayed by the light emitting element 302 can be individually controlled.
  • FIG. 12A illustrates a configuration example of the pixel 300 including one pixel 350 including the liquid crystal element 301 and one pixel 351 including the light-emitting element 302; however, the pixel 300 includes a plurality of pixels 350. Alternatively, the pixel 300 may include a plurality of pixels 351.
  • FIG. 12B illustrates a configuration example of the pixel 300 in the case where the pixel 300 includes one pixel 351 and four pixels 351.
  • a pixel 300 illustrated in FIG. 12B includes a pixel 351 including a liquid crystal element 301 and pixels 351 a to 351 b each including a light-emitting element 302.
  • the structure of the pixel 350 illustrated in FIG. 12A can be referred to for the structure of the pixel 350 illustrated in FIG.
  • a pixel 351a to a pixel 351b illustrated in FIG. 12B each include a light-emitting element 302 and a transistor 305 having a function of controlling current supplied to the light-emitting element 302, as in the pixel 351 illustrated in FIG.
  • the transistor 306 has a function of controlling the supply of potential to the gate of the transistor 305, and the capacitor 307.
  • the light emitted from the light emitting element 302 included in each of the pixels 351a to 351b has wavelengths in different regions, so that a color image can be displayed on the display device.
  • the gate of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351a and the gate of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351c are electrically connected to the wiring GEb.
  • the gate of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351b and the gate of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351d are electrically connected to the wiring GEa.
  • one of the source and the drain of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351a and one of the source and the drain of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351b are electrically connected to the wiring DLa. It is connected to the.
  • one of a source and a drain of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351c and one of a source and a drain of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351d are electrically connected to the wiring DLb.
  • one of the source and the drain of all the transistors 305 is electrically connected to the wiring AL.
  • the pixel 351a and the pixel 351c share the wiring GEb
  • the pixel 351b and the pixel 351d share the wiring GEa
  • the pixel 351a to pixel All of 351b may share one wiring GE.
  • FIG. 13A illustrates a configuration example of the pixel 300 which is different from that in FIG. A pixel 300 illustrated in FIG. 13A is different from the pixel 300 illustrated in FIG. 12A in that the transistor 305 included in the pixel 351 includes a back gate.
  • the back gate of the transistor 305 is electrically connected to the gate (front gate). Since the pixel 300 illustrated in FIG. 13A has the above structure, the threshold voltage of the transistor 305 can be prevented from shifting, and the reliability of the transistor 305 can be improved. In addition, the pixel 300 illustrated in FIG. 13A has the above structure, whereby the on-state current of the transistor 305 can be increased while the size of the transistor 305 is reduced.
  • the pixel 300 may include a plurality of pixels 350 illustrated in FIG. 13A or a plurality of pixels 351 illustrated in FIG. May be.
  • the pixel 300 illustrated in FIG. 13A and the four pixels 351 may be provided as in the pixel 300 illustrated in FIG.
  • the connection relationship between the various wirings and the four pixels 351 can refer to the pixel 300 illustrated in FIG.
  • FIG. 13B illustrates a configuration example of the pixel 300 which is different from that in FIG.
  • a pixel 300 illustrated in FIG. 13B is different from the pixel 300 illustrated in FIG. 12A in that the transistor 305 included in the pixel 351 includes a back gate.
  • 13B is different from the pixel 300 in FIG. 13A in that the back gate of the transistor 305 is electrically connected to the light-emitting element 302 instead of the gate.
  • the threshold voltage of the transistor 305 can be prevented from shifting, and the reliability of the transistor 305 can be improved.
  • the pixel 300 may include a plurality of pixels 350 illustrated in FIG. 13B or a plurality of pixels 351 illustrated in FIG. May be. Specifically, the pixel 300 illustrated in FIG. 13B and the four pixels 351 may be included as in the pixel 300 illustrated in FIG. In that case, the connection relationship between the various wirings and the four pixels 351 can refer to the pixel 300 illustrated in FIG.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a configuration example of the pixel 300 which is different from that in FIG.
  • a pixel 300 illustrated in FIG. 14 includes a pixel 350 and a pixel 351, and the structure of the pixel 351 is different from that in FIG.
  • a pixel 351 illustrated in FIG. 14 includes a light-emitting element 302, a transistor 305 having a function of controlling current supplied to the light-emitting element 302, and a transistor having a function of controlling supply of a potential to the gate of the transistor 305.
  • the transistor 305, the transistor 306, and the transistor 308 each have a back gate.
  • the transistor 306 has a gate (front gate) electrically connected to the wiring ML, a back gate electrically connected to the wiring GE, and one of a source and a drain electrically connected to the wiring DL, The other of the drains is electrically connected to the gate and front gate of the transistor 305.
  • one of a source and a drain is electrically connected to the wiring AL, and the other of the source and the drain is electrically connected to the light-emitting element 302.
  • a gate front gate
  • a back gate is electrically connected to the wiring GE
  • one of a source and a drain is electrically connected to the wiring ML
  • the other is electrically connected to the light emitting element 302.
  • one electrode is electrically connected to the wiring AL and the other electrode is electrically connected to the gate of the transistor 305.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a configuration example of the pixel 300 including one pixel 350 including the liquid crystal element 301 and one pixel 351 including the light-emitting element 302, but the pixel 300 includes a plurality of pixels 350. Alternatively, the pixel 300 may include a plurality of pixels 351.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates a configuration example of the pixel 300 in the case where the pixel 300 includes one pixel 351 and four pixels 351.
  • a pixel 300 illustrated in FIG. 15 includes a pixel 351 including a liquid crystal element 301 and pixels 351 a to 351 b each including a light-emitting element 302.
  • the configuration of the pixel 350 illustrated in FIG. 14 can be referred to for the configuration of the pixel 350 illustrated in FIG.
  • the pixel 351 a to the pixel 351 b illustrated in FIG. 15 are provided with the light-emitting element 302, the transistor 305 having a function of controlling current supplied to the light-emitting element 302, and the gate of the transistor 305.
  • a transistor 306 having a function of controlling the supply of the potential of the light-emitting element
  • a transistor 308 having a function of supplying a predetermined potential to the pixel electrode of the light-emitting element 302, and a capacitor 307.
  • the light emitted from the light emitting element 302 included in each of the pixels 351a to 351b has wavelengths in different regions, so that a color image can be displayed on the display device.
  • the gate of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351a and the gate of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351b are electrically connected to the wiring MLa.
  • the gate of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351c and the gate of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351d are electrically connected to the wiring MLb.
  • the back gate of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351a and the back gate of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351c are electrically connected to the wiring GEb.
  • the back gate of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351b and the back gate of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351d are electrically connected to the wiring GEa.
  • one of a source and a drain of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351a and one of a source and a drain of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351b are electrically connected to the wiring DLa.
  • one of a source and a drain of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351c and one of a source and a drain of the transistor 306 included in the pixel 351d are electrically connected to the wiring DLb.
  • the back gate of the transistor 308 included in the pixel 351a and the back gate of the transistor 308 included in the pixel 351c are electrically connected to the wiring GEb.
  • the back gate of the transistor 308 included in the pixel 351b and the back gate of the transistor 308 included in the pixel 351d are electrically connected to the wiring GEa.
  • the gate and the source or drain of the transistor 308 included in the pixel 351a are electrically connected to the wiring MLa, and the gate and source or drain of the transistor 308 included in the pixel 351b are included. Is electrically connected to the wiring MLa.
  • the gate and the source or the drain of the transistor 308 included in the pixel 351c are electrically connected to the wiring MLb, and the gate and the one of the source and the drain included in the pixel 351b are electrically connected to the wiring MLb. It is connected.
  • one of the sources and drains of all the transistors 305 is electrically connected to the wiring AL.
  • the pixel 351a and the pixel 351c share the wiring GEb
  • the pixel 351b and the pixel 351d share the wiring GEa, but all of the pixels 351a to 351b are shared. May share one wiring GE. In this case, it is preferable that the pixels 351a to 351b be electrically connected to four different wirings DL.
  • the driver circuit can be temporarily stopped when the display screen does not need to be rewritten (that is, when a still image is displayed) (hereinafter referred to as “idling”). This is called “stop” or “IDS drive”.)
  • IDS drive The power consumption of the display device 200 can be reduced by the IDS driving.
  • This embodiment can be implemented in appropriate combination with any of the other embodiments.
  • the display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 4A is described as an example, and a specific structure example of the display device 200 using a reflective display element and a light-emitting display element is described.
  • FIG. 16 shows an example of a cross-sectional structure of the display device 200.
  • a display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 16 has a structure in which a display portion 102 and a display portion 104 are stacked between a substrate 250 and a substrate 251. Specifically, in FIG. 16, the display portion 102 and the display portion 104 are bonded by an adhesive layer 252.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates the light-emitting element 302, the transistor 305, and the capacitor 307 included in the pixel of the display portion 102, and the transistor 309 included in the driver circuit of the display portion 102.
  • a liquid crystal element 301 included in a pixel of the display portion 104, a transistor 303, a capacitor 304, and a transistor 310 included in a driver circuit of the display portion 104 are illustrated.
  • the transistor 305 includes a conductive layer 311 having a function as a back gate, an insulating layer 312 over the conductive layer 311, a semiconductor layer 313 overlapping with the conductive layer 311 over the insulating layer 312, and an insulating layer 316 over the semiconductor layer 313.
  • the conductive layer 315 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 319
  • the conductive layer 319 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 320.
  • the conductive layer 319 is formed in the same layer as the conductive layer 317
  • the conductive layer 320 is formed in the same layer as the conductive layer 311.
  • a conductive layer 321 that functions as a back gate of the transistor 306 is located in the same layer as the conductive layers 311 and 320.
  • An insulating layer 312 is located over the conductive layer 321, and a semiconductor layer 322 having a region overlapping with the conductive layer 321 is located over the insulating layer 312.
  • the semiconductor layer 322 includes a channel formation region of the transistor 306 (not shown).
  • An insulating layer 318 is located over the semiconductor layer 322, and a conductive layer 323 is located over the insulating layer 318.
  • the conductive layer 323 is electrically connected to the semiconductor layer 322, and the conductive layer 323 functions as a source electrode or a drain of the transistor 306 (not illustrated).
  • the transistor 309 has a structure similar to that of the transistor 305, detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • An insulating layer 324 is located over the transistor 305, the conductive layer 323, and the transistor 309, and an insulating layer 325 is located over the insulating layer 324.
  • a conductive layer 326 and a conductive layer 327 are located over the insulating layer 325.
  • the conductive layer 326 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 314, and the conductive layer 327 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 327.
  • An insulating layer 328 is located over the conductive layers 326 and 327, and a conductive layer 329 is located over the insulating layer 328.
  • the conductive layer 329 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 326 and functions as a pixel electrode of the light-emitting element 302.
  • the insulating layer 330 is located over the conductive layer 329, the EL layer 331 is located over the insulating layer 330, and the conductive layer 332 having a function as a counter electrode is located over the EL layer 331.
  • the conductive layer 329, the EL layer 331, and the conductive layer 332 are electrically connected to each other in the opening portion of the insulating layer 330, and a region where the conductive layer 329, the EL layer 331, and the conductive layer 332 are electrically connected is provided. It functions as the light emitting element 302.
  • the light-emitting element 302 has a top-emission structure that emits light in the direction indicated by the dashed arrow from the conductive layer 332 side.
  • One of the conductive layers 329 and 332 functions as an anode and the other functions as a cathode.
  • a voltage higher than the threshold voltage of the light-emitting element 302 is applied between the conductive layer 329 and the conductive layer 332, holes are injected into the EL layer 331 from the anode side and electrons are injected from the cathode side.
  • the injected electrons and holes are recombined in the EL layer 331, and the light-emitting substance contained in the EL layer 331 emits light.
  • the insulating layer 318 is preferably formed using an insulating material containing oxygen, and the insulating layer 324 is formed of water, hydrogen, or the like. It is desirable to use a material in which impurities are difficult to diffuse.
  • the insulating layer 325 or the insulating layer 330 when the insulating layer 325 or the insulating layer 330 is exposed at an end portion of the display device, display is performed on the light-emitting element 302 or the like through the insulating layer 325 or the insulating layer 330. Impurities such as moisture may enter from the outside of the device. When the light emitting element 302 is deteriorated due to the entry of impurities, the display device is deteriorated. Therefore, as illustrated in FIG. 16, it is preferable that the insulating layer 325 and the insulating layer 330 be not positioned at the end portion of the display device.
  • the light-emitting element 302 overlaps with the colored layer 334 with the adhesive layer 333 interposed therebetween.
  • the spacer 335 overlaps with the light shielding layer 336 with the adhesive layer 333 interposed therebetween.
  • FIG. 16 shows a case where there is a gap between the conductive layer 332 and the light shielding layer 336, they may be in contact with each other.
  • the colored layer 334 is a colored layer that transmits light in a specific wavelength range.
  • a color filter that transmits light in a red, green, blue, or yellow wavelength range can be used.
  • one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the color filter method, and a color separation method, a color conversion method, a quantum dot method, or the like may be applied.
  • the transistor 303 includes a conductive layer 340 functioning as a back gate, an insulating layer 341 over the conductive layer 340, a semiconductor layer 342 overlapping with the conductive layer 340 over the insulating layer 341, and the semiconductor layer 342.
  • a conductive layer 346 and a conductive layer 347 A conductive layer 346 and a conductive layer 347.
  • the conductive layer 348 is located in the same layer as the conductive layer 340.
  • An insulating layer 341 is located over the conductive layer 348, and a conductive layer 347 is located over the insulating layer 341 in a region overlapping with the conductive layer 348.
  • a region where the conductive layer 347, the insulating layer 341, and the conductive layer 348 overlap with each other functions as the capacitor 304.
  • the transistor 310 has a structure similar to that of the transistor 303, detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • An insulating layer 360 is located over the transistor 303, the capacitor 304, and the transistor 310, and a conductive layer 349 is located over the insulating layer 330.
  • the conductive layer 349 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 347 and functions as a pixel electrode of the liquid crystal element 301.
  • An alignment film 364 is located over the conductive layer 349.
  • a conductive layer 361 having a function as a common electrode is located on the substrate 251. Specifically, in FIG. 16, the insulating layer 363 is bonded to the substrate 251 with the adhesive layer 362 interposed therebetween, and the conductive layer 361 is positioned on the insulating layer 363. An alignment film 365 is positioned on the conductive layer 361, and a liquid crystal layer 366 is positioned between the alignment film 364 and the alignment film 365.
  • the conductive layer 349 has a function of reflecting visible light
  • the conductive layer 361 has a function of transmitting visible light, so that light incident from the substrate 251 side can be transmitted as indicated by a dashed arrow. The light can be reflected from the layer 349 and emitted from the substrate 251 side.
  • a material containing one kind selected from indium (In), zinc (Zn), and tin (Sn) may be used.
  • indium oxide, indium tin oxide (ITO: Indium Tin Oxide) indium zinc oxide, indium oxide containing tungsten oxide, indium zinc oxide containing tungsten oxide, indium oxide containing titanium oxide, Indium tin oxide containing titanium oxide, indium tin oxide containing silicon oxide (ITSO), zinc oxide, zinc oxide containing gallium, and the like can be given.
  • a film containing graphene can also be used. The film containing graphene can be formed, for example, by reducing a film containing graphene oxide formed in a film shape.
  • Examples of the conductive material that reflects visible light include aluminum, silver, and alloys containing these metal materials.
  • a metal material such as gold, platinum, nickel, tungsten, chromium, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, copper, or palladium, or an alloy containing these metal materials can be used.
  • lanthanum, neodymium, germanium, or the like may be added to the metal material or alloy.
  • Alloys containing aluminum such as aluminum and titanium alloys, aluminum and nickel alloys, aluminum and neodymium alloys, aluminum, nickel, and lanthanum alloys (Al-Ni-La), silver and copper alloys, An alloy containing silver such as an alloy of silver, palladium, and copper (also referred to as Ag-Pd-Cu, APC), an alloy of silver and magnesium, or the like may be used.
  • FIG. 16 illustrates the structure of a display device using a top-gate transistor having a back gate
  • the display device according to one embodiment of the present invention may use a transistor without a back gate.
  • a back gate transistor may be used.
  • crystallinity of a semiconductor material used for the transistor there is no particular limitation on the crystallinity of a semiconductor material used for the transistor, and any of an amorphous semiconductor and a semiconductor having crystallinity (a microcrystalline semiconductor, a polycrystalline semiconductor, a single crystal semiconductor, or a semiconductor partially including a crystal region) is used. May be used. It is preferable to use a crystalline semiconductor because deterioration of transistor characteristics can be suppressed.
  • an oxide semiconductor can be used as a semiconductor material used for the transistor.
  • an oxide semiconductor containing indium can be used.
  • the semiconductor layer is represented by an In-M-Zn-based oxide containing at least indium, zinc, and M (metal such as aluminum, titanium, gallium, germanium, yttrium, zirconium, lanthanum, cerium, tin, neodymium, or hafnium). It is preferable to include a film. In addition, in order to reduce variation in electrical characteristics of the transistor including the oxide semiconductor, a stabilizer is preferably included together with the transistor.
  • Examples of the stabilizer include the metals described in M above, and examples include gallium, tin, hafnium, aluminum, and zirconium.
  • Other stabilizers include lanthanoids such as lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium.
  • an oxide semiconductor included in the semiconductor layer for example, an In—Ga—Zn-based oxide, an In—Al—Zn-based oxide, an In—Sn—Zn-based oxide, an In—Hf—Zn-based oxide, an In— La-Zn oxide, In-Ce-Zn oxide, In-Pr-Zn oxide, In-Nd-Zn oxide, In-Sm-Zn oxide, In-Eu-Zn oxide In-Gd-Zn-based oxide, In-Tb-Zn-based oxide, In-Dy-Zn-based oxide, In-Ho-Zn-based oxide, In-Er-Zn-based oxide, In-Tm -Zn oxide, In-Yb-Zn oxide, In-Lu-Zn oxide, In-Sn-Ga-Zn oxide, In-Hf-Ga-Zn oxide, In-Al- Ga-Zn-based oxide, In-Sn-Al-Zn-based oxide, In-Sn-Hf-Zn
  • an In—Ga—Zn-based oxide means an oxide containing In, Ga, and Zn as its main components, and there is no limitation on the ratio of In, Ga, and Zn. Moreover, metal elements other than In, Ga, and Zn may be contained.
  • a display device using a liquid crystal element as a reflective display element is illustrated, but as a reflective display element, in addition to a liquid crystal element, a shutter-type MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) element is used.
  • An optical interference type MEMS device, a microcapsule method, an electrophoresis method, an electrowetting method, an electronic powder fluid (registered trademark) method, or the like can be used.
  • a self-luminous light-emitting element such as OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode), LED (Light Emitting Diode), or QLED (Quantum-dot Light Emitting Diode) can be used.
  • OLED Organic Light Emitting Diode
  • LED Light Emitting Diode
  • QLED Quadantum-dot Light Emitting Diode
  • liquid crystal element for example, a liquid crystal element to which a vertical alignment (VA) mode is applied can be used.
  • VA vertical alignment
  • MVA Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment
  • PVA Plasma Vertical Alignment
  • ASV Advanced Super View
  • liquid crystal elements to which various modes are applied can be used.
  • VA mode Transmission Nematic
  • IPS In-Plane-Switching
  • FFS Ringe Field Switching
  • ASM Analy Symmetrical Aligned Micro-cell
  • FLC Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal
  • AFLC Antiferroelectric Liquid Crystal
  • thermotropic liquid crystal As the liquid crystal used in the liquid crystal element, a thermotropic liquid crystal, a low molecular liquid crystal, a polymer liquid crystal, a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC), a ferroelectric liquid crystal, an antiferroelectric liquid crystal, or the like is used. Can do. These liquid crystal materials exhibit a cholesteric phase, a smectic phase, a cubic phase, a chiral nematic phase, an isotropic phase, and the like depending on conditions.
  • liquid crystal material either a positive type liquid crystal or a negative type liquid crystal may be used, and an optimal liquid crystal material may be used according to an applied mode or design.
  • An alignment film can be provided to control the alignment of the liquid crystal.
  • liquid crystal exhibiting a blue phase for which an alignment film is unnecessary may be used.
  • the blue phase is one of the liquid crystal phases.
  • a liquid crystal composition mixed with several percent by weight or more of a chiral agent is used for the liquid crystal layer in order to improve the temperature range.
  • a liquid crystal composition containing a liquid crystal exhibiting a blue phase and a chiral agent has a short response speed and is optically isotropic.
  • a liquid crystal composition including a liquid crystal exhibiting a blue phase and a chiral agent does not require alignment treatment and has a small viewing angle dependency. Further, since it is not necessary to provide an alignment film, a rubbing process is not required, so that electrostatic breakdown caused by the rubbing process can be prevented, and defects or breakage of the liquid crystal display device during the manufacturing process can be reduced. .
  • This embodiment can be implemented in appropriate combination with any of the other embodiments.
  • FIG. 17A illustrates an example of an appearance of the display device 200 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • a display device 200 illustrated in FIG. 17A includes a pixel portion 501 over a substrate 500, a pixel scan line driver circuit 502 including a reflective display element, and a pixel scan line driver circuit including a light emitting display element. 503.
  • the IC 504 includes a pixel signal line driver circuit having a reflective display element, and is electrically connected to the pixel portion 501 through a wiring 506.
  • the IC 505 includes a pixel signal line driver circuit having a light-emitting display element, and is electrically connected to the pixel portion 501 through a wiring 506.
  • the FPC 508 is electrically connected to the IC 504, and the FPC 509 is electrically connected to the IC 505.
  • the FPC 510 is electrically connected to the scan line driver circuit 502 through the wiring 511.
  • the FPC 510 is electrically connected to the scan line driver circuit 503 through the wiring 512.
  • a pixel 513 corresponds to a display area 514 of a liquid crystal element, a display area 515 of a light emitting element corresponding to yellow, a display area 516 of a light emitting element corresponding to green, and a red color.
  • a display area 517 of the light emitting element and a display area 518 of the light emitting element corresponding to blue are included.
  • the amount of current flowing per area of the light emitting element is the smallest for the light emitting elements corresponding to yellow. Is required.
  • the display area 516 of the light emitting element corresponding to green, the display area 517 of the light emitting element corresponding to red, and the display area 518 of the light emitting element corresponding to blue have substantially the same area.
  • the area of the display area 515 of the light emitting element corresponding to yellow is slightly small, it is possible to display black with good color reproducibility.
  • This embodiment can be implemented in appropriate combination with any of the other embodiments.
  • the optical sensor can be formed on a substrate constituting the display device or may be formed on a substrate prepared separately from the display device.
  • FIG. 18 shows an example of a cross-sectional structure of an optical sensor.
  • An optical sensor 600 shown in FIG. 18 includes a plurality of photodiodes PD arranged in one direction on the same plane. 18 illustrates a configuration in which photodiodes PD1 to PD11 are arranged in one direction as the plurality of photodiodes PD.
  • a light shielding film 601 having an opening is located on the photodiodes PD1 to PD11, and a light shielding film 602 having an opening is located on the light shielding film 601.
  • the values of the light incident angles ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 11 in the photodiodes PD1 to PD11 can be controlled.
  • the light shielding film 601 and the light shielding film 602 are stacked is illustrated in this embodiment mode, more light shielding films may be provided over the light shielding film 601 and the light shielding film 602.
  • the range of the incident angle of light that can be sensed by each photodiode PD can be narrowed, and the accuracy of the incident angle of light that can be sensed by the optical sensor 600 is improved. Can be increased.
  • FIG. 18 shows a configuration example of an optical sensor 600 including a plurality of photodiodes PD arranged in one direction and a light shielding film 601 and a light shielding film 602 having openings corresponding to the photodiodes PD.
  • a plurality of younger photodiodes PD arranged in a first direction, and a plurality of second photodiodes PD arranged in a second direction A light shielding film 601 and a light shielding film 602 each having an opening corresponding to the photodiode PD of the brother 1 and an opening corresponding to the photodiode PD of the brother 2 may be provided.
  • FIG. 19A illustrates an example of an electronic device using the display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 19A illustrates a tablet information terminal 6200 which includes a housing 6221, a display device 6222, operation buttons 6223, and a speaker 6224.
  • a function as a position input device may be added to the display device 6222 according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the function as a position input device can be added by providing a touch panel on the display device.
  • the function as a position input device can be added by providing a photoelectric conversion element called a photosensor in a pixel portion of a display device.
  • the operation button 6223 can include any one of a power switch for starting the information terminal 6200, a button for operating an application of the information terminal 6200, a volume adjustment button, a switch for turning on or off the display device 6222, and the like.
  • the number of operation buttons 6223 is four, but the number and arrangement of the operation buttons of the information terminal 6200 are not limited thereto.
  • the information terminal 6200 includes an optical sensor 6225X and an optical sensor 6225Y that measure an incident angle of external light.
  • the optical sensor 6225X and the optical sensor 6225Y are arranged on the bezel of the housing 6221.
  • the optical sensor 6225X is disposed on one of the two short sides of the bezel of the housing 6221
  • the optical sensor 6225Y is disposed on one of the two long sides of the bezel of the housing 6221.
  • the incident angle and illuminance of external light are measured by the optical sensor 6225X and the optical sensor 6225Y, and the color adjustment and gradation adjustment of an image displayed on the display device 6222 are performed based on the data. It can be performed.
  • the arrangement location of the optical sensor 6225X and the optical sensor 6225Y is not limited to the information terminal 6200 illustrated in FIG.
  • the optical sensor 6225X is arranged on both of the two short sides of the bezel of the housing 6221, and the optical sensor 6225Y is 2 in the bezel of the housing 6221. It may be arranged on both long sides.
  • optical sensor 6225X and the optical sensor 6225Y the configuration illustrated in FIG. 18 can be applied.
  • the information terminal 6200 illustrated in FIG. 19A includes a sensor (force, displacement, position, velocity, acceleration, angular velocity, rotation speed, distance, light, liquid, Even a configuration having a function of measuring magnetism, temperature, chemical substance, sound, time, hardness, electric field, current, voltage, power, radiation, flow rate, humidity, gradient, vibration, smell, infrared rays, etc.) Good.
  • a measuring device having a sensor for measuring the inclination such as a gyro sensor or an acceleration sensor, the direction of the information terminal 6200 shown in FIG. ) Can be automatically switched according to the orientation of the information terminal 6200.
  • the color of the image data projected on the display device 6222 can be adjusted more accurately.
  • the gradation can be adjusted.
  • an imaging sensor is provided in the housing 6221 to acquire information on the position of the user's eyes (or the direction of the line of sight) with respect to the information terminal 6200 and combine the information on the tilt, the incident angle of external light, and the illuminance.
  • the color and gradation of the image displayed on the display device 6222 can be adjusted more accurately.
  • the information terminal 6200 illustrated in FIG. 19A may have a microphone and a speaker. With this configuration, for example, the information terminal 6200 can be provided with a call function such as a mobile phone. Although not illustrated, the information terminal 6200 illustrated in FIG. 19A may have a camera. Although not illustrated, the information terminal 6200 illustrated in FIG. 19A may have a structure including a light-emitting device for use in flashlight or lighting.
  • the information terminal 6200 illustrated in FIG. 19A may include a device that acquires biological information such as a fingerprint, a vein, an iris, or a voiceprint. By applying this configuration, an information terminal 6200 having a biometric authentication function can be realized.
  • the information terminal 6200 illustrated in FIG. 19A may have a microphone.
  • the information terminal 6200 can be provided with a call function.
  • the information terminal 6200 can be provided with a voice decoding function.
  • the information terminal 6200 can have a function of operating the information terminal 6200 by voice recognition, a function of reading a voice or a conversation and creating a conversation record, and the like. . Thereby, it can utilize, for example as minutes preparations, such as a meeting.
  • This embodiment can be implemented in appropriate combination with any of the other embodiments.
  • FIG. 20 illustrates a specific example of an electronic device using the display device according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20A illustrates a portable game machine, which includes a housing 5001, a housing 5002, a display device 5003 according to one embodiment of the present invention, a display device 5004 according to one embodiment of the present invention, a microphone 5005, a speaker 5006, and operation keys. 5007, stylus 5008, and the like.
  • the portable game machine illustrated in FIG. 20A includes two display devices, which are a display device 5003 and a display device 5004.
  • the number of display devices included in the portable game machine is as follows. It is not limited to.
  • an image with high display quality is displayed on the display device 5003 and the display device 5004 without being influenced by the intensity of external light in a use environment. Can be displayed, and power consumption can also be reduced.
  • FIG. 20B illustrates a wristwatch-type portable information terminal, which includes a housing 5201, a display device 5202 according to one embodiment of the present invention, a belt 5203, an optical sensor 5204, a switch 5205, and the like.
  • FIG. 20C illustrates a tablet personal computer including a housing 5301, a housing 5302, a display device 5303 according to one embodiment of the present invention, an optical sensor 5304, an optical sensor 5305, a switch 5306, and the like.
  • the display device 5303 is supported by a housing 5301 and a housing 5302. Since the display device 5303 is formed using a flexible substrate, the display device 5303 has a function of flexibly bending the shape. By changing the angle between the housing 5301 and the housing 5302 at the hinges 5307 and 5308, the display device 5303 can be folded so that the housing 5301 and the housing 5302 overlap with each other.
  • an open / close sensor may be incorporated, and the change in the angle may be used as information on the use condition in the display device 5303.
  • the optical sensor 5304 is attached to the housing 5301, and the optical sensor 5305 is attached to the housing 5302.
  • information on the incident angle of external light to the display device 5303 in the region supported by the housing 5301 and information on the incident angle of external light on the display device 5303 in the region supported by the housing 5302 are displayed. Both of them can be used as information on usage conditions in the display device 5303.
  • the display device 5303 according to one embodiment of the present invention for a tablet personal computer an image with high display quality can be displayed on the display device 5303 without being influenced by the intensity of external light in the usage environment. Power consumption can also be suppressed.
  • FIG. 20D illustrates a video camera, which includes a housing 5801, a housing 5802, a display device 5803 according to one embodiment of the present invention, operation keys 5804, a lens 5805, a connection portion 5806, and the like.
  • the operation key 5804 and the lens 5805 are provided in the housing 5801
  • the display device 5803 is provided in the housing 5802.
  • the housing 5801 and the housing 5802 are connected to each other by a connection portion 5806.
  • An angle between the housing 5801 and the housing 5802 can be changed by the connection portion 5806.
  • the video on the display device 5803 may be switched in accordance with the angle between the housing 5801 and the housing 5802 in the connection portion 5806.
  • an image with high display quality can be displayed on the display device 5803 without depending on the intensity of external light in the usage environment, and power consumption can be reduced. Can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 20E illustrates a wristwatch-type portable information terminal including a housing 5701 having a curved surface, a display device 5702 according to one embodiment of the present invention, and the like.
  • the display device 5702 can be supported by a housing 5701 having a curved surface, and is flexible, light, and easy to use.
  • An information terminal can be provided.
  • the display device 5702 according to one embodiment of the present invention for the wristwatch-type portable information terminal an image with high display quality can be displayed on the display device 5702 without being influenced by the intensity of external light in the usage environment. And power consumption can be reduced.
  • FIG. 20F illustrates a mobile phone.
  • a display device 5902, a microphone 5907, a speaker 5904, a camera 5903, an external connection portion 5906, and an operation button 5905 according to one embodiment of the present invention are provided in a housing 5901 having a curved surface. Is provided.
  • the display device 5902 according to one embodiment of the present invention for a mobile phone, an image with high display quality can be displayed on the display device 5902 without depending on the intensity of external light in the usage environment, and power consumption can be reduced. Can be suppressed.
  • This embodiment can be implemented in appropriate combination with any of the other embodiments.
  • FIG. 21A shows an example in which a learning function is installed in the image processing unit 800. Specifically, this can be realized by mounting the AIC 107 (FIGS. 4 to 7) as hardware HARD in the image processing unit 800. Note that the configuration of the image processing unit 800 can adopt the configuration of the image processing unit 160 of FIG. 2 as appropriate.
  • learning data D1 for example, data corresponding to external light intensity
  • teacher data D2 for example, data corresponding to color, brightness, etc. selected by the user
  • the learning data and the teacher data are also referred to as a learning signal and a teacher signal, respectively.
  • the specific learning method is to perform calculation (product-sum operation) using a neural network and change the weighting coefficient so that the error between the output and the teacher data D2 is reduced. Good.
  • the method described in the second embodiment can be used as the weighting coefficient changing method.
  • the obtained weighting coefficient is stored in the analog memory AM of the AIC 107 in the image processing unit 800.
  • the configuration described in FIG. 6C can be adopted as appropriate for the configuration of the analog memory AM.
  • Image Processing Method in FIG. 21A When image processing (image correction) is performed after completion of learning, that is, during normal operation, newly acquired input data D3 (for example, data corresponding to external light intensity) is input to the image processing unit 800, and the input data D3 Then, calculation using a neural network is performed using the weighting coefficient, and parameters suitable for image processing are acquired. The calculation is performed using the circuits shown in FIGS. 6 and 7A in the AIC 107 as described with reference to FIGS.
  • the parameters obtained by the calculation by the neural network after completion of the learning will be values close to data corresponding to the user's favorite color, brightness, and the like. That is, by performing image processing based on the parameters, it is possible to generate a display image that matches the user's preference.
  • a circuit that realizes a learning function can be provided as hardware HARD in the image processing unit 800.
  • learning means hardware or software
  • FIG. 21B shows an example in which a learning function is installed in the host 801.
  • a learning function is installed in the host 801 as software SOFT.
  • a function for acquiring parameters suitable for image processing is installed in the image processing unit 800 as hardware HARD. Note that the configuration of the host 801 can employ the configuration of the host 185 in FIG. 2 as appropriate.
  • a program for learning as software SOFT (also referred to as a learning program) is stored in the host 801.
  • the program for performing the learning is configured so that the calculation by the neural network described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5 can be realized. Specifically, arithmetic processing for performing input / output in the neuron and arithmetic processing for changing the weighting coefficient need only be programmed.
  • the arithmetic processing for performing input / output in the neuron can be realized by performing arithmetic operations of the circuit shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. Therefore, the program only needs to be configured to realize arithmetic processing of these circuits and a plurality of expressions related thereto.
  • the arithmetic processing for changing the weighting factor can be realized by performing arithmetic operations of FIGS. 7B and 7C and a plurality of expressions related thereto in the AIC 107. Therefore, the program only needs to be configured to realize arithmetic processing of these circuits and a plurality of expressions related thereto.
  • the image processing unit 800 is provided with a circuit for acquiring parameters suitable for image processing as hardware HARD. Specifically, an AIC 107 (FIGS. 4 to 7) is provided. The point that the learning function is not installed in the image processing unit 800 is different from the configuration of FIG.
  • the calculation results of the neural network correspond to the hardware HARD and the software SOFT. More specifically, in both cases, the same output may be obtained with respect to the same input, or the output within the required error range may be obtained. More specifically, the input (voltage) applied to the hardware HARD corresponds to the input (digital data) applied to the software SOFT, and the output (voltage or current) of the hardware HARD corresponds to the output (digital data) of the software SOFT. If you do.
  • the host 801 stores learning data D1 (for example, data corresponding to external light intensity) and teacher data D2 (for example, a color selected by the user, Data corresponding to luminance and the like) is input.
  • learning data D1 for example, data corresponding to external light intensity
  • teacher data D2 for example, a color selected by the user, Data corresponding to luminance and the like
  • calculation (product-sum operation) using the neural network shown in FIGS. 3 to 5 is performed by a learning program in software SOFT, and the weighting coefficient is changed.
  • the method described in the second embodiment can be used as the weighting coefficient changing method.
  • the obtained weighting coefficient is output from the host 801 and stored in the analog memory AM of the AIC 107 in the image processing unit 800.
  • the configuration of the analog memory AM the configuration of the analog memory AM in FIG. 6C can be adopted as appropriate.
  • the point that learning is performed by software SOFT is different from the configuration of FIG.
  • Image processing (normal operation) after completion of learning can be performed in the same manner as the configuration of FIG. That is, using the hardware HARD in the image processing unit 800 (the circuit shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7A in the AIC 107), the neural network calculation is performed using the newly acquired input data D3 and the weighting coefficient. Get suitable parameters for. As described above, since the hardware HARD is used in the image processing unit 800 instead of the software SOFT, the calculation can be performed efficiently.
  • the learning function may not be installed in the host 801.
  • the learning function may be installed in another circuit shown in FIG. 2 or may be installed in a circuit not shown in FIG.
  • the learning function may be installed in hardware or in both software and hardware.
  • the configuration of the present embodiment is not limited to that relating to image processing, and can be applied to a wide range of fields.
  • a function can be applied, or the configuration of this embodiment can be applied.
  • This embodiment can be implemented in appropriate combination with any of the other embodiments.
  • FIG. 28 illustrate an example in which a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention is mounted on an automobile as an application example of the electronic device.
  • FIG. 22 shows a view of the vehicle body 1000 from above.
  • the vehicle body 1000 has an optical sensor.
  • the optical sensor has a function of acquiring information such as light wavelength, light intensity, and light intensity for each wavelength, and the information is input as learning data to the arithmetic circuit according to one embodiment of the present invention.
  • the optical sensor for example, a phototransistor, a photosensor, an image sensor, or the like can be used.
  • an optical sensor shown in FIG. 18 can be applied.
  • the optical sensor shown in FIG. 18 can detect the incident angle of light, illuminance, and the like.
  • the optical sensor 1004L and the optical sensor 1004R can be provided on the front bumper. Further, for example, as shown in FIG. Further, in the case of a vehicle body not provided with a side mirror such as a so-called mirrorless car, it can be provided at a location where a camera for the side mirror is provided. Further, for example, as shown in FIG.
  • the optical sensor 1004 has a function of detecting external light, for example, and thus is preferably provided outside the vehicle body 1000, but the optical sensor 1004 may be provided inside the vehicle body 1000.
  • the optical sensor 1004 can be provided in the window portion 1002 or the like. Note that when the optical sensor 1004 is provided in the window portion 1002, the window portion 1002 in the front surface of the optical sensor 1004 and in the vicinity thereof has sufficient light transmittance so that the detection accuracy of the optical sensor 1004 does not deteriorate. Is preferred.
  • the optical sensor 1004 can be provided on the front bumper, and another optical sensor can be provided on the window portion 1002. Further, for example, the optical sensor 1004 can be provided on the roof, and another optical sensor can be provided on the front bumper.
  • positioning number, or shape of an optical sensor is not limited to FIG.
  • the optical sensors In order to accurately measure the ambient light environment, it is preferable to arrange the optical sensors on two or more surfaces of the vehicle body 1000, and more information on the ambient light environment can be acquired as more surfaces are disposed. In addition, it is preferable to arrange a plurality of optical sensors on one surface of a surface of the vehicle body 1000 having a large area such as a side surface. On the other hand, by suppressing the number of optical sensors arranged to a small number, it is possible to reduce the number of parts such as power supply wiring and signal wiring for the sensor, and it is possible to reduce the weight and cost of the vehicle body.
  • the optical sensor 1004 it is preferable to provide a plurality of types of optical sensors capable of detecting light intensities having different wavelengths.
  • the sun which is a light source
  • the optical sensor 1004 it is possible to acquire light source information in more detail.
  • the vehicle body 1000 includes the optical sensors arranged on two or more surfaces of the vehicle body 1000, so that the external light environment of the vehicle body can be accurately measured.
  • the user of the vehicle body enters the field of view at the same time not only on the display surface but also around the display unit during use. Therefore, it is possible to improve the visibility of the user and improve the display quality by accurately measuring the ambient light environment around the vehicle body.
  • by accurately measuring the ambient light environment around the vehicle body it is possible to display optimally for the user, thus eliminating unnecessary high brightness display and reducing power consumption. it can.
  • a display unit that performs corrected display using information obtained by a sensor or the like as learning data will be described.
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating the periphery of a windshield in a car interior.
  • FIG. 23 illustrates a display unit 1051D attached to a pillar in addition to the display unit 1051A, the display unit 1051B, and the display unit 1051C attached to the dashboard.
  • the display units 1051A to 1051C can provide display images including various other information such as navigation information, speedometers and tachometers, travel distances, oil supply amounts, gear states, and air conditioner settings. Since these display images are corrected based on the information obtained by the sensors as described above, it is possible to freely arrange the vehicle to improve its design, regardless of the influence of the surrounding environment such as external light. The display image is easy for the user to visually recognize. In addition, the display items, layout, and the like displayed on the display unit can be appropriately changed according to the user's preference, and the design can be improved.
  • the display portions 1051A to 1051C can also be used as lighting devices.
  • the field of view (dead angle) blocked by the pillar can be complemented. That is, by displaying a captured image of a camera or the like provided on the outside of the automobile, the blind spot can be compensated and safety can be improved. In addition, by displaying a video that complements the invisible part, it is possible to perform safety confirmation more naturally and without a sense of incongruity.
  • the display portion 1051D can also be used as a lighting device.
  • FIG. 24 shows the interior of an automobile in which bench seats are used for the driver seat and the passenger seat.
  • FIG. 24 illustrates a display unit 1052A provided in the door unit, a display unit 1052B provided in the handle, and a display unit 1052C provided in the center of the seat surface of the bench seat.
  • the field of view blocked by the door can be complemented.
  • the display unit 1052B and the display unit 1052C can provide a display image including various information such as navigation information, a meter such as a speedometer and a tachometer, a travel distance, a fuel supply amount, a gear state, and an air conditioner setting. Since these display images are corrected based on the information obtained by the sensor or the like as described above, the display images are easily visible to the user regardless of the influence of the surrounding environment such as external light. Yes. In addition, display items, layouts, and the like displayed on the display unit can be changed as appropriate according to the user's preference.
  • the display portion 1052B and the display portion 1052C can be used as a lighting device.
  • a display unit when a display unit is arranged everywhere in a vehicle interior and the display unit is used as a lighting device, it is also effective to use a means for transmitting an emergency signal to the outside of the vehicle. For example, when the health state of the user (driver) is detected by a sensor or the like, it is possible to blink the display unit with the maximum brightness.
  • the display unit described above can be attached to a curved surface.
  • the display portion 1051A to the display portion 1051C and the display portion 1052A to the display portion 1052C can be attached to any place in the interior of a car. That is, even a curved surface such as a dashboard 1012 and a pillar 1015 illustrated in FIG. 25A can be attached. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 25B, a display portion 1060 may be provided on the surface inside the vehicle body other than the window portion 1061. With this configuration, an image outside the vehicle other than the window portion 1061 can be displayed, so that the blind spot can be compensated and safety can be improved.
  • FIG. 25B when the display portion is provided on the surface inside the vehicle body other than the window portion 1061, the outside of the vehicle body is shown in FIG. 26A depending on the position of the display portion.
  • a plurality of cameras 1071L, cameras 1072L, cameras 1073L, cameras 1071R, cameras 1072R, and cameras 1073R are preferably provided. Note that it is preferable to mount two or more cameras side by side because information on the distance to the object can be obtained. In addition, by providing these cameras, it can also serve as the above-described optical sensor, and the number of parts can be reduced.
  • FIGS. 25B and 26A an image of the outside of the vehicle other than the window portion 1061 can be displayed as shown in FIG. Therefore, it is possible to make a moving body that compensates the user's blind spot and has improved safety.
  • the display position of the meter or the like can be changed by disposing the display portion in various places.
  • the display position can be freely switched, the display position can be changed so that the user can easily see according to the surrounding environment such as outside light.
  • the display position can be changed to an optimal position according to the user's preference and physique.
  • the left optical sensor detects stronger light than the right optical sensor. It will be.
  • the right photosensor detects light that is stronger than the left photosensor.
  • the light sensor arranged in the vehicle body can detect suddenly generated light such as headlights and street lamps of other vehicles more accurately than the light sensor arranged in the display device.
  • the image is not corrected.
  • the result can be stored as a weighting factor.
  • a plurality of types of optical sensors may be provided so that light of different wavelengths can be detected between the optical sensor arranged on the vehicle body and the optical sensor arranged on the display device. For example, it is possible to detect external light such as sunlight with a light sensor arranged in the display device, and to detect light suddenly generated with a light sensor arranged in the vehicle body. By using a plurality of types of sensors, it is possible to learn by using information from optical sensors arranged on the vehicle body in a complementary manner.
  • the optical sensor has been described.
  • other sensors force, displacement, position, velocity, acceleration, angular velocity, rotation speed, distance, magnetism, temperature, chemical substance, sound, time, hardness, electric field, current,
  • a configuration having a function of measuring voltage, power, radiation, flow rate, humidity, gradient, vibration, smell, infrared rays, or the like may be used.
  • display that is more suitable for the user can be performed by combining the light sensor and the time sensor.
  • a dedicated sensor it is also possible to detect the surrounding environment such as external light using other sensors in the vehicle body, a camera, a radar, and the like.
  • front surveillance camera / radar, rear surveillance camera / radar, side surveillance camera / radar, driver surveillance camera, vehicle position sensor, front inter-vehicle distance / obstacle sensor, rear inter-vehicle distance / obstacle sensor, side inter-vehicle distance / An obstacle sensor, a drive recorder, etc. can be used.
  • it is preferable to use a camera because more information can be obtained.
  • the camera functions as a sensor the number of parts can be reduced and the cost can be reduced.
  • the weight of the vehicle body can be reduced, and the energy and cost for movement or transportation can be reduced.
  • using a camera as an optical sensor and using a display device according to one embodiment of the present invention for a display portion can minimize an increase in parts. Is preferable.
  • FIG. 28 is a block diagram showing a communication environment in the vehicle body. As shown in FIG. 28, information obtained from the camera 1033R, the camera 1033L, the optical sensor 1034, and the optical sensor 1035 can be output to the arithmetic circuit 1032 and the information obtained from the arithmetic circuit 1032 can be displayed on the display portion 1031. Is possible. Note that the location, number, or shape of sensors, circuits, display units, and the like are not limited to the vehicle body shown in FIG.
  • the position of the display unit on the vehicle body can be provided at various positions. It may be outside the vehicle or inside the vehicle. When provided outside the vehicle, the effect of the surrounding environment such as outside light is greater than when provided outside the vehicle, so that the effect obtained by applying the above-described display device is greater. Further, since the vehicle body has many curves when provided in the vehicle, it is preferable to provide a display device along the vehicle body, and it is preferable to use a flexible display device.
  • the display unit is not limited to a hybrid (composite) display device using a reflective display element and a light-emitting surface element, and various display devices can be applied.
  • a display using a liquid crystal element a shutter-type MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) element, an optical interference-type MEMS element, a microcapsule method, an electrophoresis method, an electrowetting method, an electropowder fluid (registered trademark) method, etc.
  • An element, OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode), LED (Light Emitting Diode), QLED (Quantum-Dot Emitting Diode), etc. are applicable.
  • a hybrid display device using a reflective display element and a light-emitting surface element has a function of projecting an image by illuminating the light-emitting element and a function of projecting an image by reflecting environmental light.
  • the display performance can be greatly changed according to the surrounding environment. Therefore, it is easy to adjust a user's visibility to a preferable state, and it can use suitably for a mobile body.
  • the moving body to which the display device according to one embodiment of the present invention can be used can be used for a moving body having a surface on which a display portion can be provided. Specific examples of these moving objects are shown in FIGS.
  • FIG. 27A illustrates an automobile 1301.
  • the automobile 1301 has a window portion 1311.
  • the moving body according to one embodiment of the present invention can be used for the automobile 1301 including the window portion 1311.
  • the display unit installed in the automobile 1301 can perform a display corrected based on information on the surrounding environment obtained by a sensor, a camera, and the like. A display that is easy to visually recognize can be realized.
  • a camera when a camera is used, an image outside the automobile 1301 can be displayed on a display unit in the automobile 1301. Therefore, the automobile 1301 can have a blind spot other than the window portion 1311 reduced.
  • FIG. 27B shows a bus 1302.
  • the bus 1302 has a window portion 1311.
  • the moving body according to one embodiment of the present invention can be used for the bus 1302 including the window portion 1311.
  • the display unit installed on the bus 1302 can perform a display corrected based on information on the surrounding environment obtained by a sensor, a camera, and the like. A display that is easy to visually recognize can be realized.
  • an image outside the bus 1302 can be displayed on a display portion in the bus 1302. Therefore, the bus 1302 in which blind spots other than the window portion 1311 are reduced can be obtained.
  • FIG. 27C illustrates a train 1303.
  • the train 1303 has a window portion 1311.
  • the moving body according to one embodiment of the present invention can be used for the train 1303 including the window portion 1311.
  • the display unit installed in the train 1303 can perform a display corrected based on information on the surrounding environment obtained by sensors, cameras, and the like. A display that is easy to visually recognize can be realized. In the case of using a camera, an image outside the train 1303 can be displayed on a display portion in the train 1303. Therefore, it can be set as the train 1303 by which the blind spot except the window part 1311 was reduced.
  • FIG. 27D illustrates an airplane 1304.
  • the airplane 1304 has a window portion 1311.
  • the moving body according to one embodiment of the present invention can be used for the airplane 1304 including the window portion 1311.
  • the display unit installed in the airplane 1304 can perform a display corrected based on information on the surrounding environment obtained by a sensor, a camera, and the like. A display that is easy to visually recognize can be realized. Further, when a camera is used, an image outside the airplane 1304 can be displayed on a display portion inside the airplane 1304. Therefore, the airplane 1304 can have a blind spot other than the window portion 1311 reduced.
  • the display device according to one embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above-described moving object, and can be mounted on various electronic devices. Further, a building may be applied as a housing in which the optical sensor is provided.
  • a plurality of optical sensors are provided on a wall surface provided with the display, and information acquired by the optical sensors is supplied to an arithmetic circuit of the display device. You may enter.
  • the display device according to one embodiment of the present invention is used as a display integrated with a unit bus, a plurality of sensors can be provided in the unit bus.
  • This embodiment can be implemented in appropriate combination with any of the other embodiments.
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present invention includes the pixel 1500.
  • the pixels 1500 are arranged in a matrix, and the pixel 1500 in the m-th row and the n-th column (m and n are natural numbers) is represented as a pixel 1500 (m, n).
  • FIG. 29 is a circuit diagram illustrating an example of a circuit configuration of the pixel 1500 (m, n).
  • the pixel 1500 (m, n) includes a transistor M1, a transistor M2, a transistor M3, a capacitor Cs1, a capacitor Cs2, a liquid crystal element 1501, and a light-emitting element 1502.
  • One of a source and a drain of the transistor M1 is electrically connected to one electrode of the capacitor Cs1 and one electrode of the liquid crystal element 1501.
  • One of the source and the drain of the transistor M2 is electrically connected to the gate of the transistor M3 and one electrode of the capacitor Cs2.
  • One of a source and a drain of the transistor M3 is electrically connected to one electrode of the light-emitting element 1502.
  • a parasitic capacitance Cs_S is generated between one electrode of the capacitive element Cs1 and one electrode of the capacitive element Cs2.
  • the other of the source and the drain of the transistor M1 is electrically connected to the wiring Data_L [n].
  • a gate of the transistor M1 is electrically connected to the wiring Scan_L [m].
  • the other of the source and the drain of the transistor M2 is electrically connected to the wiring Data_E [n].
  • a gate of the transistor M2 is electrically connected to the wiring Scan_E [m].
  • the other of the source and the drain of the transistor M3 and the other electrode of the capacitor Cs2 are electrically connected to the wiring ANODE.
  • the other electrode of the capacitor Cs1 is electrically connected to the wiring CSCOM.
  • the other electrode of the liquid crystal element 1501 is electrically connected to the wiring TCOM.
  • the other electrode of the light-emitting element 1502 is electrically connected to the wiring VCOM.
  • the wiring Data_L electrically connected to the pixel 1500 in the n-th column is referred to as wiring Data_L [n]
  • the wiring Data_E electrically connected to the pixel 1500 in the n-th column is wired. It is described as Data_E [n].
  • a wiring Scan_L that is electrically connected to the pixel 1500 in the m-th row is referred to as a wiring Scan_L [m]
  • a wiring Scan_E that is electrically connected to the pixel 1500 in the m-th row is referred to as a wiring Scan_E [m]. It describes.
  • a data signal having a potential corresponding to data written to the pixel 1500 in the n-th column is supplied to the wiring Data_L [n] and the wiring Data_E [n].
  • a selection signal for selecting the pixel 1500 in the m-th row is supplied to the wiring Scan_L [m] and the wiring Scan_E [m]. Note that a constant potential can be supplied to the wiring ANODE, the wiring CSCOM, the wiring TCOM, and the wiring VCOM, for example.
  • the transistor M1 has a function of controlling data writing to the pixel 1500 (m, n) through the wiring Data_L [n] by switching between an on state and an off state.
  • the transistor M2 has a function of controlling data writing to the pixel 1500 (m, n) through the wiring Data_E [n] by switching between an on state and an off state.
  • the transistor M3 functions as a driving transistor that controls current supplied to the light-emitting element 1502.
  • the capacitor Cs1 has a function of holding data written to the pixel 1500 (m, n) through the wiring Data_L [n].
  • the capacitor Cs2 has a function of holding data written to the pixel 1500 (m, n) through the wiring Data_E [n].
  • the liquid crystal element 1501 has a function of controlling light reflection or light transmission.
  • the liquid crystal element 1501 is preferably a so-called reflective liquid crystal element that controls reflection of light.
  • the liquid crystal element 1501 may have a structure in which a reflective film, a liquid crystal element, and a polarizing plate are combined, a structure using a micro electro mechanical system (MEMS), or the like.
  • MEMS micro electro mechanical system
  • the liquid crystal element 1501 may be a transmissive liquid crystal element having no reflective film.
  • the light-emitting element 1502 has a function of emitting light.
  • the light-emitting element 1502 includes an OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode), an LED (Light Emitting Diode), a QLED (Quantum-Light Emitting Diode), an IEL (Inorganic Semiconductor Luminescent Light Emitting Semiconductor), and the like.
  • An element can be used.
  • the light and light emitted from the light emitting element as described above are not affected by external light in luminance and chromaticity. For this reason, an image with high color reproducibility (wide color gamut) and high contrast can be displayed. That is, a high-quality image can be displayed.
  • the transistor M3 when the transistor M3 includes a back gate, that is, the transistor M3 includes a plurality of gates, reliability or driving ability of the transistor M3 can be improved.
  • the current drive capability of the transistor M3 can be improved by electrically connecting the back gate of the transistor M3 to the gate of the transistor M3 (also referred to as a first gate or a front gate). it can.
  • the potential on the back channel side of the transistor M3 can be fixed by electrically connecting the back gate of the transistor M3 to one or the other of the source and the drain of the transistor M3.
  • the transistors M1 to M3 preferably include a metal oxide.
  • a transistor including a metal oxide can have a relatively high field effect mobility, and thus can be driven at high speed.
  • the off-state current of a transistor including a metal oxide film is extremely small. Therefore, even when the refresh rate of the display device of one embodiment of the present invention is reduced, the brightness of the displayed image can be maintained and power consumption can be reduced.
  • FIG. 30 is a timing chart illustrating a driving method of the pixel 10.
  • the potential of the wiring SP_L the potential of the wiring Scan_L [1], the potential of the wiring Scan_L [2], the potential of the wiring Scan_L [3], the potential of the wiring Scan_L [4], the potential of the wiring Scan_E [1], The potential of Scan_E [2], the potential of the wiring Data_L, and the potential of the wiring Data_E are shown.
  • the wiring SP_L has a function of supplying a start pulse.
  • the wiring Data_L represents the wiring Data_L [1] to the wiring Data_L [p], for example.
  • B indicates a blanking period, and the number indicates which row has the potential corresponding to the data written to the pixel 10.
  • a period described as 1 in Data_L indicates that the potential of the wiring Data_L is a potential corresponding to data to be written to the pixels 10 in the first row.
  • a period described as 1 in Data_E indicates that the potential of the wiring Data_E is a potential corresponding to data to be written to the pixels 10 in the first row.
  • the transistors M1 and M2 are n-channel transistors in the timing chart illustrated in FIG. 30 and the like. That is, the transistor M1 is turned on by applying a high potential to the wiring Scan_L, and the transistor M1 is turned off by applying a low potential to the wiring Scan_L. In addition, the transistor M2 is turned on by applying a high potential to the wiring Scan_E, and the transistor M2 is turned off by applying a low potential to the wiring Scan_E.
  • the low potential can be a ground potential, for example.
  • the transistors M1 and M2 may be p-channel transistors.
  • the transistor M1 is turned on by applying a low potential to the wiring Scan_L, and the transistor M1 is turned off by applying a high potential to the wiring Scan_L.
  • the transistor M2 is turned on by applying a low potential to the wiring Scan_E, and the transistor M2 is turned off by applying a high potential to the wiring Scan_E.
  • the transistor M3 either an n-channel transistor or a p-channel transistor may be used.
  • the pixels 1500 in each row are sequentially selected by sequentially applying a high potential to the wiring Scan_L electrically connected to the pixels 1500 in each row, and the transistors M1 provided in the pixels 1500 in each row are connected. Turn on sequentially.
  • data is sequentially written to the pixels 1500 in each row through the wiring Data_L.
  • the pixel 1500 in which data is written is brought into a holding state when the transistor M1 is turned off. As described above, an image can be displayed by the liquid crystal element 1501.
  • the pixels 1500 in each row are sequentially selected, and the transistors provided in the pixels 1500 in each row M2 is sequentially turned on. Accordingly, data is sequentially written to the pixels 1500 in each row through the wiring Data_E.
  • the pixel 1500 in which data is written is brought into a holding state when the transistor M2 is turned off.
  • the amount of current flowing between the source and the drain of the transistor M3 is controlled in accordance with written data (the potential of the data signal supplied from the wiring Data_E), and the light-emitting element 1502 has luminance according to the amount of flowing current. Emits light. As described above, an image can be displayed by the light-emitting element 1502.
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present invention can display an image using at least one of the liquid crystal element 1501 and the light-emitting element 1502.
  • the liquid crystal element 1501 can improve visibility in an environment where the intensity of external light is strong.
  • the light-emitting element 1502 can improve visibility in an environment where the intensity of external light is weak.
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present invention may display an image using both the liquid crystal element 1501 and the light-emitting element 1502.
  • the display device of one embodiment of the present invention may display an image using both the liquid crystal element 1501 and the light-emitting element 1502.
  • the period during which Scan_L is at a high potential and the period during which Scan_E is at a high potential are made equal, but they need not be equal.
  • the period in which Scan_L is at a high potential may be shorter than the period in which Scan_E is at a high potential.
  • data is written to the pixel 1500 in the m-th row through the wiring Data_L, and then data is written into the pixel 1500 in the m-th row through the wiring Data_E.
  • This embodiment can be implemented in appropriate combination with any of the other embodiments.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Control Of El Displays (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif d'affichage dans lequel la qualité d'affichage n'est pas facilement affectée par l'intensité de la lumière externe. Un signal d'image pour un élément d'affichage est corrigé selon un paramètre obtenu par traitement de calcul au moyen d'un réseau neural. Dans un circuit de calcul, un premier circuit transmet un troisième signal à un troisième circuit par le biais d'un deuxième circuit, le troisième circuit transmet un signal correspondant à la quantité de courant de son entrée de signal à un cinquième circuit par le biais d'un quatrième circuit, le cinquième circuit émet un quatrième signal en externe, et le cinquième circuit génère un sixième signal à partir de la différence entre un cinquième signal et le quatrième signal. Le deuxième circuit et le quatrième circuit comportent chacun une mémoire analogique pour l'enregistrement de données correspondant à un coefficient de pondération, un circuit d'écriture pour l'altération des données, et un circuit multiplicateur pour l'émission du signal d'entrée en tant que signal qui a été pondéré selon les données. La mémoire analogique comporte un transistor dont une zone de formation de canal contient un semi-conducteur d'oxyde.
PCT/IB2017/053615 2016-06-30 2017-06-19 Dispositif d'affichage et corps mobile WO2018002766A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2016-129947 2016-06-30
JP2016129947 2016-06-30
JP2016151108 2016-08-01
JP2016-151108 2016-08-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018002766A1 true WO2018002766A1 (fr) 2018-01-04

Family

ID=60786798

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2017/053615 WO2018002766A1 (fr) 2016-06-30 2017-06-19 Dispositif d'affichage et corps mobile

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2018002766A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04216160A (ja) * 1990-12-17 1992-08-06 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> ニュ−ラルネットワ−ク回路
JPH08292752A (ja) * 1995-04-20 1996-11-05 Nec Corp 輝度自動調整装置
JP2011154358A (ja) * 2009-12-28 2011-08-11 Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd 液晶表示装置およびその作製方法
WO2011142202A1 (fr) * 2010-05-12 2011-11-17 シャープ株式会社 Dispositif d'affichage
JP2013008936A (ja) * 2010-10-29 2013-01-10 Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd 半導体記憶装置

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04216160A (ja) * 1990-12-17 1992-08-06 Nippon Telegr & Teleph Corp <Ntt> ニュ−ラルネットワ−ク回路
JPH08292752A (ja) * 1995-04-20 1996-11-05 Nec Corp 輝度自動調整装置
JP2011154358A (ja) * 2009-12-28 2011-08-11 Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd 液晶表示装置およびその作製方法
WO2011142202A1 (fr) * 2010-05-12 2011-11-17 シャープ株式会社 Dispositif d'affichage
JP2013008936A (ja) * 2010-10-29 2013-01-10 Semiconductor Energy Lab Co Ltd 半導体記憶装置

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP7032064B2 (ja) 電子機器
JP7004444B2 (ja) 電子機器
US11404016B2 (en) Display device and electronic device having neural network for calculating set values of luminance and color tone
JP7254994B2 (ja) 機械学習システム
KR101358169B1 (ko) 표시 장치 및 그 구동방법
US11216057B2 (en) Display device, electronic device, and operation method thereof
US10504204B2 (en) Electronic device
KR20180050473A (ko) 표시 장치
US11217173B2 (en) Display controller, display system, and electronic device
US10923059B2 (en) Operation method of electronic device
WO2017221086A1 (fr) Dispositif d&#39;affichage et objet mobile
WO2018002766A1 (fr) Dispositif d&#39;affichage et corps mobile
KR20190095912A (ko) 표시 장치
KR102367473B1 (ko) 표시 장치
KR20220026572A (ko) 표시 장치

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 17819441

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 17819441

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: JP