WO2017219489A1 - 一种适用于脉冲电源的串联式脉冲产生器 - Google Patents

一种适用于脉冲电源的串联式脉冲产生器 Download PDF

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WO2017219489A1
WO2017219489A1 PCT/CN2016/096939 CN2016096939W WO2017219489A1 WO 2017219489 A1 WO2017219489 A1 WO 2017219489A1 CN 2016096939 W CN2016096939 W CN 2016096939W WO 2017219489 A1 WO2017219489 A1 WO 2017219489A1
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pulse
power supply
series
voltage generator
transformer
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PCT/CN2016/096939
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French (fr)
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陈武
汤铭
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东南大学
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M11/00Power conversion systems not covered by the preceding groups
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/34Snubber circuits

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  • the invention relates to a novel cascade pulse generator, belonging to the technical field of power electronics, and mainly used in a high voltage pulse power source.
  • the high-power pulse power supply is a fast compression, conversion or direct release of stored high-density energy to the load, and is widely used in the fields of controlled thermonuclear fusion, high-pressure dust removal, and organic wastewater treatment.
  • the prior art pulsed power supply technology utilizes a capacitive energy storage discharge mode, most of which employ mechanical spark gap or non-contact ion devices such as hydrogen thyristors as discharge switches.
  • a capacitive energy storage discharge mode most of which employ mechanical spark gap or non-contact ion devices such as hydrogen thyristors as discharge switches.
  • a new topology is constantly generated, but an effective series topology is rarely used in the pulse power supply. If the voltage applied to the switching tube is greatly reduced, The cost of the switching tube can be reduced, that is, the cost of the pulse power source can be reduced.
  • the invention aims at reducing the voltage stress of the switching tube of the pulse generator in the pulse power supply, and fully considers the factors such as cost, system reliability and loss, and proposes a series pulse generator suitable for the pulse power source.
  • the technical solution adopted by the invention is: a series pulse generator suitable for pulse power supply, including a pulse transformer,
  • the primary side of the pulse transformer is formed by sequentially connecting N pulse voltage generator units, and each pulse voltage generator unit comprises a power source, a resonance capacitor, a switch tube, an RCD buffer circuit and a diode;
  • the power source is connected to the resonant capacitor, the positive pole of the resonant capacitor is simultaneously connected to one side of the switch tube and the diode, the other side of the switch tube and the diode is connected to one side of the RCD buffer circuit, and the other side of the diode is a pulse voltage generator unit.
  • the other side of the RCD buffer circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the resonant capacitor, and the side is the second output of the pulse voltage generator unit;
  • Each pulse voltage generator unit is connected to the first output end of the latter pulse voltage generator unit through a second output terminal to realize series connection of the pulse voltage generator unit, and the first output end of the first pulse voltage generator unit is connected Resonant inductance, and returning to the second output end of the Nth pulse voltage generator unit through the primary side of the pulse transformer;
  • the first output end of the secondary side of the pulse transformer is connected with the coupling capacitor, the coupling capacitor is connected with the equivalent load, the equivalent load is connected with the second output end of the secondary side of the pulse transformer, and the second output end of the pulse transformer is simultaneously connected to the ground.
  • the power supply of each of the pulse voltage generator units is an independent voltage source or through three-phase rectification And, and each power supply value can be equal or not equal.
  • the primary side power output end of the pulse transformer passes through the filter inductor and the filter capacitor, and then the resonant capacitor is further connected.
  • the secondary side DC voltage source of the pulse transformer applies a DC voltage to the load capacitor via the filter inductor, and the secondary side of the transformer can also directly carry the load, that is, the secondary side current output unit only provides a base voltage, and the circuit It can also be used where no base voltage is required.
  • the switching tubes in the series pulse generator operate synchronously, that is, all the switching tubes are synchronously turned on synchronously, and the frequency at which the series pulse generator generates pulses can be adjusted according to the frequency of the switching tubes.
  • the voltage on the resonant switch is shared by a plurality of switches, which effectively reduces the voltage stress of the resonant switch, thereby effectively reducing the application cost of the system, and on the other hand, the present invention passes multiple
  • the series connection of the basic resonant unit can obtain a higher initial voltage, which in turn can obtain a higher output pulse voltage, and electrically isolate the pulse generator from the load power supply through a transformer.
  • the voltage across each switch can be greatly reduced by means of a cascade of pulse generators, which greatly reduces the required specifications and price of the switch used.
  • Example 1 is a top view of a pulse power supply of Example 1;
  • Figure 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram before time t 0 ;
  • Figure 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the period t 0 to t 1 ;
  • Figure 4 is a circuit diagram of Example 2.
  • Figure 5 is a circuit diagram of Example 3.
  • Figure 6 is a circuit diagram of Example 4.
  • Figure 7 is a circuit diagram of Example 5.
  • a series pulse generator suitable for pulse power supply comprising a pulse transformer, wherein a primary side of the pulse transformer is sequentially connected by N pulse voltage generator units, and each pulse voltage generator unit comprises a power source, a resonance capacitor, a switch tube, RCD snubber circuit and diode; the power source is connected to the resonant capacitor, the positive pole of the resonant capacitor is simultaneously connected to one side of the switch tube and the diode, and the other side of the switch tube and the diode is connected to one side of the RCD snubber circuit, and the other side of the diode Is the first output of the pulse voltage generator unit; the other side of the RCD buffer circuit is connected to the resonant capacitor a negative pole, and the side is a second output of the pulse voltage generator unit; each pulse voltage generator unit is connected to the first output of the latter pulse voltage generator unit through the second output terminal to implement the pulse voltage generator
  • the series connection of the unit, the first output end of the first pulse voltage generator unit is connected to the re
  • the topology is shown in Figure 1.
  • the primary side of the boosting pulse transformer T is formed by sequentially connecting n units in series.
  • a DC voltage can be separately supplied.
  • the corresponding power can be obtained by three-phase rectification, as shown in FIG.
  • U s is a three-phase power frequency AC voltage source, which is rectified by a three-phase full-bridge rectifier circuit and filtered by a filter capacitor C 11 ⁇ C n1 and filtered.
  • the inductors L 11 to L n1 are connected to the capacitors C r1 to C rn ; the capacitors C r1 to C r4 form a closed loop via the switching transistors Q 11 to Q n1 , the inductor L r , and the magnetizing inductance L m ; and the switching transistors Q 11 to Q n1 are respectively
  • the anti-parallel has diodes VD 11 to VD n1 ; capacitors C 12 to C n2 , resistors R 11 to R n1 , and diodes VD 12 to VD n2 constitute a buffer circuit.
  • the secondary side voltage of the pulse transformer T is applied to the equivalent load capacitance C 0 via the coupling capacitor C 1 ; the DC voltage source U d applies a DC voltage to the load capacitance C 0 via the filter inductor L 1 ; R 0 is the equivalent load capacitance C 0 Parallel equivalent load resistance.
  • the topology can be divided into three working periods. Before the time t 0 , the switching tubes Q 11 to Q n1 are not turned on, and the primary side and the secondary side of the transformer are not directly connected; the primary side voltage source U s of the transformer is rectified and filtered to the capacitor C.
  • the secondary side voltage source U d charges the capacitors C 0 , C 1 on the one hand, and forms a closed loop through the resistor R 0 on the other hand, after a period of time, reaches the steady state; the capacitors C r1 ⁇ C rn
  • the voltage is close to the peak voltage of the three-phase voltage source U s , and the voltage on the capacitor C 0 is equal to U d , and its equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. 2 .
  • the secondary side of the transformer is capacitively equivalent to the primary side set to Ceq, and the series equivalent capacitance of Ceq and C r1 ⁇ C rn and the inductance L r resonate, and the resonant voltage of C r1 ⁇ C rn is realized by this method. Stacked in series.
  • the primary side forms a closed loop, and the coupling capacitor C 1 energy is transmitted to the RCD snubber circuit via the transformer, and then released through the resistor to protect the switch tube Q on the primary side. 11 ⁇ Q n1 .
  • the current direction changes, and the current no longer flows through the switching transistors Q 11 to Q n1 , and flows through the diodes VD 11 to VD n1 .
  • the switching transistors Q 11 to Q n1 are zero current off.
  • the diodes VD 11 to VD n1 are turned on at zero voltage.
  • the inductor L r charges the capacitors C r1 ⁇ C rn , and the current value gradually becomes smaller.
  • the t 2 period causes the switching transistor control signal to be zero, which allows the resonance process to occur only one cycle. Repeating the above steps produces a continuous pulse voltage.
  • the difference between this example and the example 1 is that the primary side power supply end is obtained by three-phase rectification, and the three-phase power supply is connected to a three-phase full-bridge rectifier, thereby generating a stable power supply.
  • this example differs from the example 1 in that the primary side power supply output passes through the filter inductor and the filter capacitor, and then the resonant capacitor is further connected.
  • this example differs from the example 1 in that the n pulse voltage generators on the primary side retain only a part of the buffer circuit (only one is retained in the figure).
  • this example differs from the example 1 in that the secondary side of the transformer can be directly loaded, that is, the secondary side DC output unit is only for providing a base voltage, and this circuit can also be used without a base voltage. occasion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)

Abstract

一种适用于脉冲电源的串联式脉冲产生器,包括脉冲变压器,脉冲变压器一次侧由N个脉冲电压发生器单元依次串联而成,每个脉冲电压发生器单元包括电源、谐振电容、开关管、RCD缓冲电路和二极管;脉冲变压器二次侧第一输出端与耦合电容连接,耦合电容与等效负载连接,等效负载与脉冲变压器二次侧第二输出端连接,脉冲变压器第二输出端同时连接到大地。该串联式脉冲产生器旨在通过模块化串联脉冲发生器的方式,在负载上的脉冲电压一定的情况下降低每个开关管上的电压,或者在每个开关管上的电压一定的情况下,可大幅提高负载上的脉冲电压。该串联式脉冲产生器通过多个基本谐振单元的串联可获得较高的初始电压,进而可获得较高的输出脉冲电压。

Description

一种适用于脉冲电源的串联式脉冲产生器 技术领域
本发明涉及一种新型级联脉冲发生器,属于电力电子技术领域,主要应用于高压脉冲电源中。
背景技术
高功率脉冲电源是将储存的高密度能量进行快速的压缩、转换或直接释放给负载,在受控热核聚变、高压除尘,有机废水处理等领域有广泛应用。现有技术中的脉冲功率电源技术利用电容储能放电方式,大多数采用机械式火花隙或无触点离子器件如氢闸流管作为放电开关。近年来,为了减小开关管的应力,不断的有新的拓扑结构产生,但很少出现有效的串联式的拓扑结构用在脉冲电源中,若能大幅度减小开关管所承受的电压,便能减少开关管的花费,即能减小脉冲电源的成本。
发明内容
本发明针对脉冲电源中脉冲发生器的开关管的电压应力减小的趋势,充分考虑成本、系统可靠性和损耗等因素后,提出一种适用于脉冲电源的串联式脉冲产生器。
本发明采用的技术方案为:一种适用于脉冲电源的串联式脉冲产生器,包括脉冲变压器,
脉冲变压器一次侧由N个脉冲电压发生器单元依次串联而成,每个脉冲电压发生器单元包括电源、谐振电容、开关管、RCD缓冲电路和二极管;
所述电源与谐振电容连接,谐振电容的正极同时与开关管、二极管的一侧连接,开关管、二极管的另一侧与RCD缓冲电路一侧连接,二极管的另一侧为脉冲电压发生器单元的第一输出端;
RCD缓冲电路的另一侧连接至谐振电容的负极,并且该侧为脉冲电压发生器单元的第二输出端;
每个脉冲电压发生器单元通过第二输出端与后一个脉冲电压发生器单元的第一输出端相连从而实现脉冲电压发生器单元的串联,第一个脉冲电压发生器单元的第一输出端连接谐振电感,并通过脉冲变压器一次侧回到第N个脉冲电压发生器单元第二输出端;
脉冲变压器二次侧第一输出端与耦合电容连接,耦合电容与等效负载连接,等效负载与脉冲变压器二次侧第二输出端连接,脉冲变压器第二输出端同时连接到大地。
作为优选,所述的每个脉冲电压发生器单元的电源是独立的电压源或通过三相整流 而得,并且每个电源值可以相等,也可以不相等。
作为优选,所述脉冲变压器一次侧电源输出端经过滤波电感和滤波电容后,再进而接入谐振电容。
作为优选,所述脉冲变压器二次侧直流电压源经滤波电感给负载电容施加直流电压,变压器二次侧也可以直接带负载,即二次侧的电流输出单元只是为提供一个基础电压,这个电路也可用在不需要基础电压的场合。
作为优选,所述串联式脉冲产生器内的开关管同步工作,即所有开关管同步导通同步关断,串联式脉冲产生器产生脉冲的频率可以根据开关管的频率所调节。
有益效果:本发明一方面将谐振开关上的电压由多个开关共同承担,有效的减小了谐振开关的电压应力,从而有效的减小了系统的应用成本,另一方面本发明通过多个基本谐振单元的串联可获得较高的初始电压,进而可获得较高的输出脉冲电压,并通过变压器实现脉冲发生器和负载电源的电气隔离。对于相同的脉冲电压,通过脉冲发生器级联的方式可以大幅降低每个开关管上的电压,即大幅降低所使用的开关管的要求技术指标和价格。
附图说明
图1是实例1脉冲电源拓扑结构图;
图2是t0时刻之前的等效电路图;
图3是t0~t1时段的等效电路图;
图4是实例2电路图;
图5是实例3电路图;
图6是实例4电路图;
图7是实例5电路图.
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例1
一种适用于脉冲电源的串联式脉冲产生器,包括脉冲变压器,脉冲变压器一次侧由N个脉冲电压发生器单元依次串联而成,每个脉冲电压发生器单元包括电源、谐振电容、开关管、RCD缓冲电路和二极管;所述电源与谐振电容连接,谐振电容的正极同时与开关管、二极管的一侧连接,开关管、二极管的另一侧与RCD缓冲电路一侧连接,二极管的另一侧为脉冲电压发生器单元的第一输出端;RCD缓冲电路的另一侧连接至谐振电容 的负极,并且该侧为脉冲电压发生器单元的第二输出端;每个脉冲电压发生器单元通过第二输出端与后一个脉冲电压发生器单元的第一输出端相连从而实现脉冲电压发生器单元的串联,第一个脉冲电压发生器单元的第一输出端连接谐振电感,并通过脉冲变压器一次侧回到第N个脉冲电压发生器单元第二输出端;脉冲变压器二次侧第一输出端与耦合电容连接,耦合电容与等效负载连接,等效负载与脉冲变压器二次侧第二输出端连接,脉冲变压器第二输出端同时连接到大地。所述脉冲变压器二次侧直流电压源经滤波电感给负载电容施加直流电压,
拓扑结构如图1所示。升压脉冲变压器T一次侧由n个单元依次串联而成,对于一次侧电源来说可以分别提供直流电压,如图1所示,也可由三相整流得到相应的电源,如图4所示。假设电源由三相整流而得且相等,现就电路的工作方式进行分析:Us为三相工频交流电压源,经三相全桥整流电路整流后经滤波电容C11~Cn1和滤波电感L11~Ln1连接到电容Cr1~Crn;电容Cr1~Cr4经开关管Q11~Qn1、电感Lr、激磁电感Lm构成闭合回路;开关管Q11~Qn1各自反并联有二极管VD11~VDn1;电容C12~Cn2,电阻R11~Rn1,二极管VD12~VDn2构成缓冲电路。脉冲变压器T二次侧电压经耦合电容C1施加于等效负载电容C0上;直流电压源Ud经滤波电感L1给负载电容C0施加直流电压;R0为和等效负载电容C0并联的等效负载电阻。
该拓扑可以分为3个工作时段,t0时刻之前开关管Q11~Qn1未导通,变压器一次侧和二次侧没有直接联系;变压器一次侧电压源Us经整流滤波后给电容C11~Cn1充电,二次侧电压源Ud一方面给电容C0、C1充电,另一方面经电阻R0形成闭合回路,一段时间过后,到达稳态;电容Cr1~Crn上的电压接近三相电压源Us的峰值电压,电容C0上的电压等于Ud,其等效电路如图2所示。
t0~t1时段,开关管Q11~Q41打开,电容Cr1~Crn与电感Lr构成串联谐振回路,等效电路如图3所示;电容Cr1~Crn向电感Lr放电,回路中的电流方向如图3中所示,且电流值逐渐变小,当t=t1时电流值降为0。变压器二次侧为容性负载等效到一次侧设为Ceq,且Ceq与Cr1~Crn的串联等效电容、电感Lr发生谐振,通过这种方法实现Cr1~Crn谐振电压的串联叠加。当二次侧的负载电容发生短路时,由于RCD缓冲电路的存在,一次侧形成闭合回路,耦合电容C1能量经变压器传递到了RCD缓冲电路上,后通过电阻释放,保护一次侧的开关管Q11~Qn1
t1~t2时段电流方向改变,电流不再流经开关管Q11~Qn1,改为从二极管VD11~VDn1中流过,在此过程中开关管Q11~Qn1为零电流关断,二极管VD11~VDn1为零电压导通,在此之后 电感Lr向电容Cr1~Crn充电,电流值逐渐变小,当t=t2时电流值为0;在t1~t2时段使开关管控制信号为0,这样可使得谐振过程只发生一个周期。而重复上述步骤则可产生连续的脉冲电压。
实例2:
如图4所示,本实例与实例1的不同之处在于一次侧电源端由三相整流而得,三相电源后接入的是三相全桥整流器,进而产生稳定的电源。
实例3:
如图5所示,本实例与实例1的不同之处在于一次侧电源输出端经过滤波电感和滤波电容后,在进而接入谐振电容。
实例4:
如图6所示,本实例与实例1的不同之处在于一次侧的n个脉冲电压发生器只保留部分缓冲电路(本图中只保留一个)。
实例5:
如图7所示,本实例与实例1的不同之处在于变压器二次侧可以直接带负载,即二次侧的直流输出单元只是为提供一个基础电压,这个电路也可用在不需要基础电压的场合。
应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。本实施例中未明确的各组成部分均可用现有技术加以实现。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种适用于脉冲电源的串联式脉冲产生器,其特征在于:包括脉冲变压器,
    脉冲变压器一次侧由N个脉冲电压发生器单元依次串联而成,每个脉冲电压发生器单元包括电源、谐振电容、开关管、RCD缓冲电路和二极管;
    所述电源与谐振电容连接,谐振电容的正极同时与开关管、二极管的一侧连接,开关管、二极管的另一侧与RCD缓冲电路一侧连接,二极管的另一侧为脉冲电压发生器单元的第一输出端;
    RCD缓冲电路的另一侧连接至谐振电容的负极,并且该侧为脉冲电压发生器单元的第二输出端;
    每个脉冲电压发生器单元通过第二输出端与后一个脉冲电压发生器单元的第一输出端相连从而实现脉冲电压发生器单元的串联,第一个脉冲电压发生器单元的第一输出端连接谐振电感,并通过脉冲变压器一次侧回到第N个脉冲电压发生器单元第二输出端;
    脉冲变压器二次侧第一输出端与耦合电容连接,耦合电容与等效负载连接,等效负载与脉冲变压器二次侧第二输出端连接,脉冲变压器第二输出端同时连接到大地。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种适用于脉冲电源的串联式脉冲产生器,其特征在于:所述的每个脉冲电压发生器单元的电源是独立的电压源或通过三相整流而得,并且每个电源值可以相等,也可以不相等。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种适用于脉冲电源的串联式脉冲产生器,其特征在于:所述脉冲变压器一次侧电源输出端经过滤波电感和滤波电容后,再进而接入谐振电容。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种适用于脉冲电源的串联式脉冲产生器,其特征在于:所述脉冲变压器二次侧直流电压源经滤波电感给负载电容施加直流电压。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种适用于脉冲电源的串联式脉冲产生器,其特征在于:所述串联式脉冲产生器内的开关管同步工作,即所有开关管同步导通同步关断,串联式脉冲产生器产生脉冲的频率根据开关管的频率所调节。
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