WO2017219393A1 - 一种垂直轴风力发电装置 - Google Patents

一种垂直轴风力发电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017219393A1
WO2017219393A1 PCT/CN2016/089413 CN2016089413W WO2017219393A1 WO 2017219393 A1 WO2017219393 A1 WO 2017219393A1 CN 2016089413 W CN2016089413 W CN 2016089413W WO 2017219393 A1 WO2017219393 A1 WO 2017219393A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
spring
blade
frame
wind power
slider
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PCT/CN2016/089413
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王京福
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济南高新开发区中泰环保技术开发中心
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Publication of WO2017219393A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017219393A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/06—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wind power generation technology and is a vertical axis wind power generation device.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a vertical axis wind power generation device which can solve the deficiencies of the prior art and improve the power generation efficiency of the wind power generation device.
  • the present invention provides a vertical axis wind power generation device including a tower.
  • the tower is connected to the rotating shaft through a fixing member, and the lower portion of the rotating shaft is connected to the power generating mechanism, and a plurality of leaf frames are mounted on the rotating shaft.
  • a corresponding blade frame is respectively mounted on each of the leaf frames, the blade frame is connected to the blade, the first support plate is located at the right end of the leaf frame, and the first support plate is hinged to the first link end by the connecting member, and the upper frame of the blade frame is A first fixing seat is mounted, a first guiding rod is mounted on the first fixing seat, a first sliding seat is mounted on the first guiding rod, and a first spring and a second spring are respectively mounted on the first guiding rod, and the first sliding seat is installed on the first sliding seat Between a spring and a second spring, the other end of the first link is hinged with the first sliding seat, one end of the first spring is fixed to one end of the first guiding rod, and the other end is connected to one side of the first sliding seat, and the second One end of the spring is fixed to the other end of the first guiding rod, and the other end of the second spring is connected to the other side of the first sliding seat.
  • a fixed shaft is mounted on the leaf frame, and the blade frame rotates around the fixed shaft.
  • a first locking mechanism is mounted on one side of the first fixing seat, the first locking mechanism has a first electromagnetic valve, and the first electromagnetic valve is connected to the first sliding block through the first shaft, and the first button is disposed on the first sliding block,
  • the first slider is installed in the first sleeve, the first pin is mounted on the lower portion of the first slider, the first pin is mounted with the first one-way rotating ratchet, and the tooth end of the first one-way rotating ratchet faces the first guide Rod.
  • the first side of the first one-way rotating ratchet facing the first slider is a curved surface or a sloped surface
  • the first end surface of the first one-way rotating ratchet is a curved surface or a sloped surface, the first side of the first one-way rotating ratchet and The first end face limits the counterclockwise rotation of the tooth end of the first one-way rotating ratchet.
  • the lower end of the first support plate is hinged to one end of the second link through the connecting member, the second fixing seat is mounted on the lower frame of the blade frame, the second guiding rod is mounted on the second fixing seat, and the third spring is respectively mounted on the second guiding rod And a fourth spring, the second sliding rod is mounted on the second guiding rod, the second sliding seat is located between the third spring and the fourth spring, one end of the third spring is fixed at one end of the second guiding rod, and the other end is opposite to the second sliding One side of the seat is fixed, one end of the fourth spring is fixed to the other end of the second guide rod, and the other end of the fourth spring is fixed to the other side of the second sliding seat.
  • a second locking mechanism is mounted on one side of the second fixing seat, the second locking mechanism has a second electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve is connected to the second sliding block through the second shaft, and the second button is disposed on the second sliding block.
  • the second slider is mounted in the second sleeve, the second pin is mounted on the lower portion of the second slider, and the second one-way rotating ratchet is mounted on the second pin shaft, and the tooth end of the second one-way rotating ratchet faces the second guide Rod.
  • the second side of the second one-way rotating ratchet facing the second slider is a curved surface or a sloped surface
  • the second end of the second one-way rotating ratchet is a curved surface or a sloped surface
  • the second side of the second one-way rotating ratchet The second end limits the counterclockwise rotation of the tooth end of the second one-way rotating ratchet.
  • a first support base is mounted on the first support plate, and one end of the first link is hinged with the first support base, and a first cushion is mounted on the surface of the first support base.
  • the maximum angle at which the blade frame rotates counterclockwise about the fixed axis is 75°-90°.
  • a second support plate is disposed at a left end of the blade frame, a third support base is mounted on the second support plate end, a fourth support base is mounted on a lower end of the second support plate, and a cushion pad is respectively mounted on the third support base and the fourth support base, and the blade frame is rotated Touch the cushion after reaching the horizontal position.
  • the fixed shaft is mounted at a joint portion of the first distance L 1 and the second distance L 2 in the longitudinal direction of the blade frame, and the length of the second distance L 2 is greater than the length of the first distance L 1 .
  • the invention has the advantages that the problem that the wind speed is higher and the power generation efficiency is lower is completely solved, the power generation can be stably stabilized, the collision between adjacent blades when the blade rotates is avoided, and the blade frame between the blade and the self-installed blade is avoided.
  • the resulting collision improves the service life of the blade, the leaf frame and the blade frame, and greatly improves the power generation efficiency.
  • the structure of the invention makes the blade frame rotate slowly around the fixed axis, increasing the time that the wind acts on the curved surface of the blade, thereby increasing the functional force of the blade and improving the power generation efficiency of the power generating device.
  • the device of the invention can also avoid damage to the blade caused by the power generating device in the case of high wind or typhoon at the extreme wind speed, and protect the blade from damage.
  • the device of the invention also has the advantages of small blade rotation angle and high wind energy utilization rate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a blade and a blade frame structure 27 of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a buffer structure installed at an upper portion of the blade frame of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the BB in FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the buffer structure installed in the lower part of the blade frame of FIG. 2;
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of the C-direction in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the DD of FIG. 7 .
  • the contribution of the invention is to slow down the speed when the blade frame is rotated, and increase the time that the wind acts on the curved surface of the blade, thereby solving the problem that the power generation efficiency is reduced when the wind speed is large for a long time.
  • a vertical axis wind power generation device comprising a tower 30, the tower 30 is connected to the rotating shaft 28 through a fixing member, the lower portion of the rotating shaft 28 is connected to the power generating mechanism 29, and the rotating shaft 28 is mounted on the rotating shaft 28.
  • a leaf frame 19 is mounted on each of the leaf frames 19 with a corresponding blade frame 22, and the blade frame 22 is connected to the blade 23, the first support plate 20 is located at the right end of the blade frame 19, and the first support plate 20 is connected to the first connector through the connecting member.
  • the first guiding seat 12 is mounted on the upper frame of the blade frame 22, the first guiding rod 18 is mounted on the first fixing base 12, and the first sliding seat 13 is mounted on the first guiding rod 18, and the first guiding rod 18 is mounted on the first guiding rod 18.
  • the first spring 17 and the second spring 16 are respectively mounted on the upper side, and the first sliding seat 13 is mounted between the first spring 17 and the second spring 16, and the other end of the first connecting rod 14 is hinged with the first sliding seat 13, first One end of the spring 17 is fixed to one end of the first guiding rod 18, the other end is connected to one side of the first sliding seat 13, and one end of the second spring 16 is fixed to the first guiding rod.
  • the other end of the second spring 16 is coupled to the other side of the first sliding seat 13, and the fixed frame 21 is mounted on the blade frame 19, and the blade frame 22 is rotated about the fixed shaft 21.
  • the above solution of the present invention completely solves the problem that the power generation efficiency is reduced when the wind speed is large. Collisions between adjacent blades and between the blades and their own leaf frames are completely avoided.
  • the blade frame 22 rotates counterclockwise about the fixed shaft 21. Due to the urging force of the first spring 17 and the second spring 16, the blade frame 22 is slowly rotated and extended by the first link 14 The time during which the wind acts on the blade 23.
  • the buffer structure of the present invention comprises a connecting rod, a fixing seat, a guiding rod, a spring and the like.
  • the buffer structure according to the present invention can be installed according to the needs of use, and is installed on the upper part or the lower part of the blade frame.
  • the preferred structure of the present invention is that the fixed shaft 21 is located at a joint portion of the first distance L 1 and the second distance L 2 in the longitudinal direction of the blade frame 19, and the length of the second distance L 2 is greater than the length of the first distance L 1 ,
  • the starting point of the length of a distance L 1 is located at the center line of the first support plate 20 (or the support shaft), the end point is located at the center line of the fixed shaft 21, and the starting point of the length of the second distance L 2 is located at the center line of the fixed shaft 21, and the end point is at the The center line of the two support plates 31.
  • This preferred structure allows more than half of the length of the blade frame 22 to be located on the left side of the fixed shaft 21, so that the wind-impacting area of the curved surface of the blade 23 is increased, and the functional force of the blade is increased, thereby further improving power generation efficiency. .
  • a first lock is installed on one side of the first fixing base 12
  • the first locking mechanism 35 has a first electromagnetic valve 4, and the first electromagnetic valve 4 is connected to the first slider 5 through the first shaft 36.
  • the first slider 11 is provided with a first key 11, the first sliding
  • the block 5 is mounted in the first sleeve 8
  • the first pin 9 is mounted on the lower portion of the first slider 5
  • the first one-way rotating ratchet 10 is mounted on the first pin shaft 9, and the tooth end of the first one-way rotating ratchet 10 is mounted. Facing the first guide rod 18.
  • the locking mechanism provided by the present invention is mainly used for starting the first electromagnetic valve 4 by the controller when a large wind speed such as a typhoon occurs, and the first sliding block 5 drives the first one-way rotating ratchet 10 to move toward the first guiding rod 18, The tooth end of the first one-way rotating ratchet 10 is caught on the side of the first sliding seat 13 so that the first sliding seat 13 cannot move, so that the blade stops rotating, and the fixed air leakage position at the blade is maintained to protect the blade from damage.
  • the solenoid valve is reset and the blades resume normal work.
  • a first torsion spring 32 is mounted on the first pin 9, and the first torsion spring 32 is used for resetting.
  • the controller may be a computer, a single chip microcomputer or a programmable controller, etc., the anemometer transmits the measured wind speed to the controller, and the controller starts the solenoid valve to work.
  • the first side surface 33 of the first one-way rotating ratchet 10 facing the first slider 5 is a curved surface or a sloped surface
  • the first end surface 34 of the first one-way rotating ratchet 10 is a curved surface or a sloped surface.
  • the first side 33 and the first end face 34 of the first one-way rotating ratchet 10 limit the counterclockwise rotation of the tooth end of the first one-way rotating ratchet 10.
  • the left, right, up, down, clockwise, and counterclockwise directions of the present invention are all based on the illustrated position.
  • the leaf frame of the present invention is arranged in a plurality of layers along the vertical direction of the rotating shaft 28, and is arranged in a plurality of horizontal directions along the rotating shaft 28, and corresponding blade frames and blades are mounted on each of the leaf frames.
  • the power generation amount of the power generating device of the present invention is large, the volume of the blade is selected to be large, and for this reason, the present invention provides
  • the second support rod 48 is mounted on the lower frame of the blade frame 22, and the second guide rod 52 is mounted on the second frame 48.
  • the second guiding rod 52 is respectively mounted with a third spring 53 and a fourth spring 54.
  • the second guiding rod 52 is mounted with a second sliding seat 49.
  • the second sliding seat 49 is located between the third spring 53 and the fourth spring 54.
  • One end of the three springs 53 is fixed to one end of the second guiding rod 52, the other end is fixed to one side of the second sliding seat 49, one end of the fourth spring 54 is fixed to the other end of the second guiding rod 54, and the other end of the fourth spring 54 is second and second.
  • the other side of the slide base 49 is fixed.
  • the connecting member of the present invention is a first supporting seat 15 mounted on the first supporting plate 20, and the second supporting base 51 may also be a protruding seat integrally formed with the first supporting plate 20.
  • a second locking mechanism 56 is mounted on one side of the second fixing base 48, the second locking mechanism 56 has a second electromagnetic valve 40, and the second electromagnetic valve 40 passes through the second shaft 72 and the second
  • the second slider 41 is connected, the second slider 41 is provided with a second button 47, the second slider 41 is mounted in the second sleeve 44, and the second slider 41 is mounted with a second pin 45 on the second pin 45.
  • a second one-way rotating ratchet 46 is mounted, the tooth end of the second one-way rotating ratchet 46 facing the second guiding rod 52.
  • a second torsion spring 68 is mounted on the second pin shaft 45, and the second torsion spring 68 is used for resetting.
  • the function, effect, working process and the like of the second locking mechanism 56 are the same as those of the first locking mechanism.
  • the second side surface 69 of the second one-way rotating ratchet 46 facing the second slider 41 of the present invention is a curved surface or a sloped surface
  • the second end of the second one-way rotating ratchet 46 is a curved surface or a sloped surface
  • the second The second side 69 and the second end 70 of the one-way rotating ratchet 46 limit the counterclockwise rotation of the tooth end of the second one-way rotating ratchet 46.
  • the present invention separately installs a buffer structure on the upper and lower ends of the first support plate 20 to make the blade
  • the rotation speed of the frame is slow, and the time for the wind to act on the curved surface of the blade is extended as much as possible, and the function of the blade is increased to further improve the power generation efficiency.
  • a first support base 15 is mounted on the upper portion of the first support plate 20 of the present invention.
  • One end of the first link 14 is hinged to the first support base 15, and a first cushion pad 26 is mounted on the surface of the first support base 15.
  • a second support base 51 is mounted on the lower portion of the first support plate 20, and a second cushion pad 55 is mounted on the surface of the second support base 51.
  • the second support plate 31 is disposed at the left end of the blade frame 22 of the present invention
  • the third support base 58 is mounted on the upper end of the second support plate 31
  • the fourth support base 61 is mounted on the lower end of the second support plate 31
  • the third support base 58 and the A cushion pad is respectively mounted on the four supporting bases 61
  • the blade frame 22 is turned to the horizontal position and is in contact with the cushion pad.
  • the first cushion 26 mounted on the surface of the first support base 15 of the present invention is mounted in the hole in the first support base 15, and the second cushion 55 mounted on the surface of the second support base 51 is mounted in the corresponding hole.
  • the outer surface of the cushion protrudes from the outermost end of the hole so that the blade frame 22 does not collide with the second support plate 31 when it is reset, thereby further reducing the running noise of the power generating device of the present invention.
  • the power generating device of the present invention has extremely low operating noise, and in normal weather conditions, the ambient noise is generally about 35 decibels.
  • the blade 23 used in the power generating device of the present invention has a monolithic structure, and both ends of the integral blade 23 in the longitudinal direction are respectively connected with the two frames in the longitudinal direction of the corresponding blade frame 22.
  • the curved surface of the blade 23 is an integral curved surface, further increasing the wind. The area acting on the curved surface of the blade does not cause wind leakage.
  • first mount 12 of the present invention is mounted in the middle of the upper frame of the blade frame 22, and the second mount 48 is mounted in the middle of the lower frame of the blade frame 22, which is also a preferred solution.
  • the invention can achieve continuous and stable power generation through trial use, and the power generation efficiency is improved by about 40% compared with the prior art.
  • valve, 40 housing, 42 spring, 57 is another set of blades hinged on the second support plate 31, the connection on the blade frame, 60 is another set of blades hinged on the second support plate 31, and the first on the blade frame Four connections, 59 third cushion, 62 fourth cushion.

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Abstract

一种垂直轴风力发电装置，包括塔架（30），塔架（30）通过固定件与转动轴（28）连接，转动轴（28）下部与发电机构（29）连接，转动轴（28）上安装数个叶框（19），每个叶框（19）上分别安装相应的叶片框（22），叶片框（22）与叶片（23）连接，第一支撑板（20）位于叶框（19）的右端，第一支撑板（20）通过连接件与第一连杆（14）一端铰接，叶片框（22）的上部边框上安装第一固定座（12），第一固定座（12）上安装第一导向杆（18），第一导向杆（18）上安装第一滑动座（13），第一导向杆（18）上分别安装第一弹簧（17）和第二弹簧（16），第一滑动座（13）安装在第一弹簧（17）和第二弹簧（16）之间。它提高了发电装置的发电效率。它还能避免发电装置遇大风或台风时在极速风速下对叶片（23）产生的破坏，保护叶片（23）不受损伤。它还具有叶片（23）转动角度小于、风能使用率高等优点。

Description

一种垂直轴风力发电装置 技术领域
本发明涉及风力发电技术，是一种垂直轴风力发电装置。
背景技术
本领域技术人员近几年对垂直轴风力发电装置做了较多改进，使一台垂直风力发电装置的发电总量达到了3000kw以上，并解决了许多风力发电装置使用寿命短，维修量大等不足，同时还解决了风力发电装置叶片结构的不足，达到在风力较小的情况下也能做功发电等。但是，经过使用后发现这种发电装置虽有较多优点，仍存在不足：叶片的转速不能控制，当风速较大时叶片转速较快，叶片的做功能力较小，导致发电效率低，这也是本领域长期以来难以解决的问题；叶片转动时相邻叶片间易产生碰撞，易使叶片损坏；叶片与自身安装的叶框之间的限位时产生碰撞，使叶片或叶框变形，风速越大变形越严重，导致叶片或叶框的使用寿命缩短等，环境噪音一般在70-80分贝。上述不足均同时还导致发电装置的发电效率降低。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种垂直轴风力发电装置，它能够解决现有技术的不足，提高风力发电装置的发电效率。
本发明为实现上述目的，通过以下技术方案：一种垂直轴风力发电装置，包括塔架，塔架通过固定件与转动轴连接，转动轴下部与发电机构连接，转动轴上安装数个叶框，每个叶框上分别安装相应的叶 片框，叶片框与叶片连接，第一支撑板位于叶框的右端，第一支撑板通过连接件与第一连杆一端铰接，叶片框的上部边框上安装第一固定座，第一固定座上安装第一导向杆，第一导向杆上安装第一滑动座，第一导向杆上分别安装第一弹簧和第二弹簧，第一滑动座安装在第一弹簧和第二弹簧之间，第一连杆的另一端与第一滑动座铰接，第一弹簧的一端固定于第一导向杆的一端，另一端与第一滑动座一侧连接，第二弹簧的一端固定于第一导向杆的另一端，第二弹簧的另一端与第一滑动座的另一侧连接，叶框上安装固定轴，叶片框绕固定轴转动。第一固定座的一侧安装第一锁紧机构，第一锁紧机构有第一电磁阀，第一电磁阀通过第一轴与第一滑块连接，第一滑块上设置第一键，第一滑块安装在第一套内，第一滑块下部安装第一销轴，第一销轴上安装第一单向转动棘齿，第一单向转动棘齿的齿端面向第一导向杆。第一单向转动棘齿面向第一滑块的第一侧面是曲面或斜面，第一单向转动棘齿的第一末端面是曲面或斜面，第一单向转动棘齿的第一侧面和第一末端面限制第一单向转动棘齿的齿端逆时针转动。第一支撑板的下端通过连接件与第二连杆一端铰接，叶片框的下部边框上安装第二固定座，第二固定座上安装第二导向杆，第二导向杆上分别安装第三弹簧和第四弹簧，第二导向杆上安装第二滑动座，第二滑动座位于第三弹簧和第四弹簧之间，第三弹簧的一端固定在第二导杆一端，另一端与第二滑动座一侧固定，第四弹簧一端固定在第二导向杆另一端，第四弹簧另一端与第二滑动座另一侧固定。第二固定座的一侧安装第二锁紧机构，第二锁紧机构有第二电磁阀，第二电磁阀通过第二轴与 第二滑块连接，第二滑块上设置第二键，第二滑块装在第二套内，第二滑块下部安装第二销轴，第二销轴上安装第二单向转动棘齿，第二单向转动棘齿的齿端面向第二导向杆。第二单向转动棘齿面向第二滑块的第二侧面是曲面或斜面，第二单向转动棘齿的第二末端而是曲面或斜面，第二单向转动棘齿的第二侧面和第二末端限制第二单向转动棘齿的齿端逆时针转动。第一支撑板上部安装第一支撑座，第一连杆的一端与第一支撑座铰接，第一支撑座的表面上安装第一缓冲垫。叶片框绕固定轴逆时针转动的最大角度是75°-90°。叶片框的左端设置第二支撑板，第二支撑板上端安装第三支撑座，第二支撑板下端安装第四支撑座，第三支撑座和第四支撑座上分别安装缓冲垫，叶片框转至水平位置后与缓冲垫相触。固定轴安装在叶框长度方向的第一距离L1和第二距离L2的结合部位，第二距离L2的长度大于第一距离L1的长度。
本发明的优点在于：彻底解决了风速越大发电效率越低的难题，能够持续稳定发电，同时避免了叶片在转动时相邻叶片间产生的碰撞，还避免了叶片与自身安装的叶框间产生的碰撞，提高了叶片、叶框、叶片框的使用寿命，大幅提高了发电效率。本发明的结构使叶片框绕固定轴转动较为缓慢，增加了风作用于叶片曲面上的时间,从而增加了叶片的做功能力，提高了发电装置的发电效率。本发明所述装置还能避免发电装置遇大风或台风时在极速风速下对叶片产生的破坏，保护叶片不受损伤。本发明所述装置还具有叶片转动角度小、风能使用率高等优点。
附图说明
附图1是本发明结构示意图；附图2是图1中叶片和叶片框结构27的放大结构示意图；附图3是图2中叶片框上部安装的缓冲结构放大示意图；附图4是图3中A向转动180°放大结构示意图；附图5是图4中B-B剖视结构示意图；附图6是图2中叶片框下部安装的缓冲结构放大示意图；图7是图6中C向放大结构示意图；图8是图7中D-D剖视结构示意图。
具体实施方式
对照附图对本发明做进一步说明。
本发明的贡献在于使叶片框转动时的速度放缓，增加风作用于叶片曲面上的时间，解决了长期以来风速较大时发电效率反而降低的难题。
本发明提供的技术方案是：一种垂直轴风力发电装置，包括塔架30，塔架30通过固定件与转动轴28连接，转动轴28下部与发电机构29连接，转动轴28上安装数个叶框19，每个叶框19上分别安装相应的叶片框22，叶片框22与叶片23连接，第一支撑板20位于叶框19的右端，第一支撑板20通过连接件与第一连杆14一端铰接，叶片框22的上部边框上安装第一固定座12，第一固定座12上安装第一导向杆18，第一导向杆18上安装第一滑动座13，第一导向杆18上分别安装第一弹簧17和第二弹簧16，第一滑动座13安装在第一弹簧17和第二弹簧16之间，第一连杆14的另一端与第一滑动座13铰接，第一弹簧17的一端固定于第一导向杆18的一端，另一端与第一滑动座13一侧连接，第二弹簧16的一端固定于第一导向杆 18的另一端，第二弹簧16的另一端与第一滑动座13的另一侧连接，叶框19上安装固定轴21，叶片框22绕固定轴21转动。本发明的上述方案彻底解决了风速大时发电效率反而降低的难题。彻底避免了相邻叶片间及叶片和自身叶框间的碰撞。当风作用于叶片曲面时，叶片框22绕固定轴21逆时针转动，由于第一弹簧17和第二弹簧16的作用力，在第一连杆14的带动下，叶片框22缓慢转动，延长了风作用于叶片23上的时间。当风作用叶片曲面上叶片框22转动至第二弹簧16的压缩极限位时，叶片框22与叶框19间的开合角度最大，该角度一般接近90°时为最佳角度，当然，该角度如果大于90°，发电效率仍较公知技术有较大提高。本发明优选的方案是：叶片框22绕固定轴21逆时针转动的最大角度是75°-90°。本发明所述的缓冲结构包括连杆、固定座、导向杆、及弹簧等，本发明所述的缓冲结构根据使用需要可以安装一个，安装在叶片框的上部或下部。
本发明优选的结构是：固定轴21位于叶框19长度方向的第一距离L1和第二距离L2的相结合部位，第二距离L2的长度大于第一距离L1的长度，第一距离L1的长度起点位于第一支撑板20(或支撑轴)的中心线，终点位于固定轴21的中心线，第二距离L2的长度起点位于固定轴21的中心线，终点位于第二支撑板31的中心线。这种优选的结构使叶片框22的二分之一以上的长度位于固定轴21的左侧，使叶片23曲面的受风作用面积加大，叶片的做功能力加大，从而进一步提高发电效率。
本发明提供的进一步方案是：第一固定座12的一侧安装第一锁 紧机构35，第一锁紧机构35有第一电磁阀4，第一电磁阀4通过第一轴36与第一滑块5连接，第一滑块5上设置第一键11，第一滑块5安装在第一套8内，第一滑块5下部安装第一销轴9，第一销轴9上安装第一单向转动棘齿10，第一单向转动棘齿10的齿端面向第一导向杆18。本发明提供的锁紧机构主要用于当出现台风等特大风速时，由控制器启动第一电磁阀4，第一滑块5带动第一单向转动棘齿10向第一导向杆18移动，第一单向转动棘齿10的齿端卡在第一滑动座13一侧，使第一滑动座13不能移动，使叶片停止转动，保持叶片处固定的漏风位置，保护叶片不受损伤。当风速降低时电磁阀复位，叶片恢复正常做功运动。第一销轴9上安装第一扭簧32，第一扭簧32用于复位。所述控制器可以是电脑、单片机或可编程控制器等，风速仪将所测风速传至控制器，控制器启动电磁阀工作。
本发明的进一步方案是：第一单向转动棘齿10面向第一滑块5的第一侧面33是曲面或斜面，第一单向转动棘齿10的第一末端面34是曲面或斜面，第一单向转动棘齿10的第一侧面33和第一末端面34限制第一单向转动棘齿10的齿端逆时针转动。本发明所述的左、右、上、下、顺时针、逆时针均以图示位置为参考基准。
本发明发电装置的发电量较小时，可使用较小的叶片，相应的叶框、叶片框均缩小，安装一个缓冲结构即可达到本发明所述效果。本发明所述叶框沿转动轴28垂直方向排列多层，沿转动轴28水平方向排列多个，每个叶框上均安装相应的叶片框及叶片。当本发明所述发电装置的发电量较大时，叶片的体积选择较大，为此，本发明提供的 优先方案是：第一支撑板20的下端通过连接件与第二连杆50一端铰接，叶片框22的下部边框上安装第二固定座48，第二固定座48上安装第二导向杆52，第二导向杆52上分别安装第三弹簧53和第四弹簧54，第二导向杆52上安装第二滑动座49，第二滑动座49位于第三弹簧53和第四弹簧54之间，第三弹簧53的一端固定在第二导杆52一端，另一端与第二滑动座49一侧固定，第四弹簧54一端固定在第二导向杆54另一端，第四弹簧54另一端与第二滑动座49另一侧固定。本发明所述的连接件是安装在第一支撑板20上的第一支撑座15，第二支撑座51也可以是与第一支撑板20一体结构的凸起座。
本发明提供的进一步优选方案是：第二固定座48的一侧安装第二锁紧机构56，第二锁紧机构56有第二电磁阀40，第二电磁阀40通过第二轴72与第二滑块41连接，第二滑块41上设置第二键47，第二滑块41装在第二套44内，第二滑块41下部安装第二销轴45，第二销轴45上安装第二单向转动棘齿46，第二单向转动棘齿46的齿端面向第二导向杆52。第二销轴45上安装第二扭簧68，第二扭簧68用于复位。第二锁紧机构56的作用、效果及工作过程等均与第一锁紧机构相同。本发明所述的第二单向转动棘齿46面向第二滑块41的第二侧面69是曲面或斜面，第二单向转动棘齿46的第二末端而70是曲面或斜面，第二单向转动棘齿46的第二侧面69和第二末端70限制第二单向转动棘齿46的齿端逆时针转动。
本发明在第一支撑板20的上下两端分别安装缓冲结构，使叶片 框的转速缓慢，尽可能多的使风作用于叶片曲面上的时间延长，增加叶片的做功能力，进一步提高发电效率。
本发明所述的第一支撑板20上部安装第一支撑座15，第一连杆14的一端与第一支撑座15铰接，第一支撑座15的表面上安装第一缓冲垫26。第一支撑板20下部安装第二支撑座51，第二支撑座51的表面上安装第二缓冲垫55。安装在叶框19上的另一个叶片框转至水平位置时，与第一缓冲垫26和第二缓冲垫55相触。本发明所述的叶片框22的左端设置第二支撑板31，第二支撑板31上端安装第三支撑座58，第二支撑板31下端安装第四支撑座61，第三支撑座58和第四支撑座61上分别安装缓冲垫，叶片框22转至水平位置后与缓冲垫相触。本发明在第一支撑座15的表面上安装的第一缓冲垫26装在第一支撑座15上的孔内，第二支撑座51的表面上安装的第二缓冲垫55装在相应的孔内，缓冲垫的外表面凸出孔的最外端，使叶片框22复位时不碰撞第二支撑板31，从而进一步降低本发明所述发电装置的运行噪音。本发明所述的发电装置运行噪音极低，在正常天气情况下，环境噪音一般为35分贝左右。本发明所发电装置使用的叶片23是整体式结构，整体式叶片23的长度方向两端分别与相应的叶片框22长度方向的两边框连接，叶片23的长度方向曲面是整体曲面，进一步增加风作用于叶片曲面的面积，不产生风漏现象。本发明所述的第一固定座12安装在叶片框22上边框的中部，这是优选方案，第二固定座48安装叶片框22下边框的中部，这也是优选方案。本发明经试用能够达到持续稳定发电，发电效率比现有技术提高40％左右。
图中1壳体、2第一支撑框架、3顶盖、6弹簧、7外套、24叶片框支撑杆、25叶片支撑架、37锁紧机械安装座、38第二支撑框架、39第二电磁阀、40壳体、42弹簧、57是第二支撑板31上铰接的另一组叶片、叶片框上的连接、60是第二支撑板31上铰接的另一组叶片、叶片框上的第四连接、59第三缓冲垫、62第四缓冲垫。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种垂直轴风力发电装置，包括塔架(30)，塔架(30)通过固定件与转动轴(28)连接，转动轴(28)下部与发电机构(29)连接，转动轴(28)上安装数个叶框(19)，其特征在于：每个叶框(19)上分别安装相应的叶片框(22)，叶片框(22)与叶片(23)连接，第一支撑板(20)位于叶框(19)的右端，第一支撑板(20)通过连接件与第一连杆(14)一端铰接，叶片框(22)的上部边框上安装第一固定座(12)，第一固定座(12)上安装第一导向杆(18)，第一导向杆(18)上安装第一滑动座(13)，第一导向杆(18)上分别安装第一弹簧(17)和第二弹簧(16)，第一滑动座(13)安装在第一弹簧(17)和第二弹簧(16)之间，第一连杆(14)的另一端与第一滑动座(13)铰接，第一弹簧(17)的一端固定于第一导向杆(18)的一端，另一端与第一滑动座(13)一侧连接，第二弹簧(16)的一端固定于第一导向杆(18)的另一端，第二弹簧(16)的另一端与第一滑动座(13)的另一侧连接，叶框(19)上安装固定轴(21)，叶片框(22)绕固定轴(21)转动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种垂直轴风力发电装置，其特征在于：第一固定座(12)的一侧安装第一锁紧机构(35)，第一锁紧机构(35)有第一电磁阀(4)，第一电磁阀(4)通过第一轴(36)与第一滑块(5)连接，第一滑块(5)上设置第一键(11)，第一滑块(5)安装在第一套(8)内，第一滑块(5)下部安装第一销轴(9)，第一销轴(9)上安装第一单向转动棘齿(10)，第一单向转动棘齿(10) 的齿端面向第一导向杆(18)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种垂直轴风力发电装置，其特征在于：第一单向转动棘齿(10)面向第一滑块(5)的第一侧面(33)是曲面或斜面，第一单向转动棘齿(10)的第一末端面(34)是曲面或斜面，第一单向转动棘齿(10)的第一侧面(33)和第一末端面(34)限制第一单向转动棘齿(10)的齿端逆时针转动。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种垂直轴风力发电装置，其特征在于：第一支撑板(20)的下端通过连接件与第二连杆(50)一端铰接，叶片框(22)的下部边框上安装第二固定座(48)，第二固定座(48)上安装第二导向杆(52)，第二导向杆(52)上分别安装第三弹簧(53)和第四弹簧(54)，第二导向杆(52)上安装第二滑动座(49)，第二滑动座(49)位于第三弹簧(53)和第四弹簧(54)之间，第三弹簧(53)的一端固定在第二导杆(52)一端，另一端与第二滑动座(49)一侧固定，第四弹簧(54)一端固定在第二导向杆(54)另一端，第四弹簧(54)另一端与第二滑动座(49)另一侧固定。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种垂直轴风力发电装置，其特征在于：第二固定座(48)的一侧安装第二锁紧机构(56)，第二锁紧机构(56)有第二电磁阀(40)，第二电磁阀(40)通过第二轴(72)与第二滑块(41)连接，第二滑块(41)上设置第二键(47)，第二滑块(41)装在第二套(44)内，第二滑块(41)下部安装第二销轴(45)，第二销轴(45)上安装第二单向转动棘齿(46)，第二单向转动棘齿(46)的齿端面向第二导向杆(52)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种垂直轴风力发电装置，其特征在于：第二单向转动棘齿(46)面向第二滑块(41)的第二侧面(69)是曲面或斜面，第二单向转动棘齿(46)的第二末端而(70)是曲面或斜面，第二单向转动棘齿(46)的第二侧面(69)和第二末端(70)限制第二单向转动棘齿(46)的齿端逆时针转动。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种垂直轴风力发电装置，其特征在于：第一支撑板(20)上部安装第一支撑座(15)，第一连杆(14)的一端与第一支撑座(15)铰接，第一支撑座(15)的表面上安装第一缓冲垫(26)。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种垂直轴风力发电装置，其特征在于：叶片框(22)绕固定轴(21)逆时针转动的最大角度是75°-90°。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种垂直轴风力发电装置，其特征在于：叶片框(22)的左端设置第二支撑板(31)，第二支撑板(31)上端安装第三支撑座(58)，第二支撑板(31)下端安装第四支撑座(61)，第三支撑座(58)和第四支撑座(61)上分别安装缓冲垫，叶片框(22)转至水平位置后与缓冲垫相触。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种垂直轴风力发电装置，其特征在于：固定轴(21)安装在叶框(19)长度方向的第一距离L1和第二距离L2的结合部位，第二距离L2的长度大于第一距离L1的长度。
PCT/CN2016/089413 2016-06-24 2016-07-08 一种垂直轴风力发电装置 WO2017219393A1 (zh)

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