WO2021017033A1 - 一种摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机 - Google Patents

一种摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021017033A1
WO2021017033A1 PCT/CN2019/100293 CN2019100293W WO2021017033A1 WO 2021017033 A1 WO2021017033 A1 WO 2021017033A1 CN 2019100293 W CN2019100293 W CN 2019100293W WO 2021017033 A1 WO2021017033 A1 WO 2021017033A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotor
stator
blade
blades
fixing rod
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PCT/CN2019/100293
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张大禹
程奕鑫
马明旭
韩跃新
吴璞
陈忆闽
周磊
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东北大学
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Publication of WO2021017033A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021017033A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  the axis being vertical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/04—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels
    • F03D3/0409—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels surrounding the rotor
    • F03D3/0418—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having stationary wind-guiding means, e.g. with shrouds or channels surrounding the rotor comprising controllable elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/061—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape, e.g. aerofoil profiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of wind power generation, and particularly relates to a swing-blade guide type vertical axis wind turbine.
  • wind energy accounts for an increasing proportion of traditional energy
  • the diversion type vertical axis wind turbine is a kind of wind energy power generation equipment with a wide range of applications.
  • diversion type vertical axis wind turbines are mainly used in small off-grid power supply facilities, and consist of an external stator and an internal rotor.
  • the external stator is used to generate diversion, which can reduce the wind Side resistance.
  • the present invention provides a swing-blade guide type vertical axis wind turbine.
  • the blade installation angles of the outer stator and the inner rotor can be adaptively changed with the airflow, which effectively improves the start-up performance at low wind speeds. Effectively improve the utilization rate of wind energy.
  • a swing blade guide type vertical axis wind turbine including a rotor and a stator, the stator is located outside the rotor, the rotor includes an upper rotor support, a lower rotor support, rotor blades, The rotor blade fixing rod, the rotor central shaft and the rotor blade limit and return spring; the rotor upper support is horizontally fixed on the top of the rotor central shaft, the rotor lower support is horizontally fixed on the lower end of the rotor central shaft; the rotor blades are fixed The rod is vertically installed between the upper support of the rotor and the lower support of the rotor.
  • the upper end of the rotor blade fixing rod is hinged to the upper support of the rotor, the lower end of the rotor blade fixing rod is hinged to the lower support of the rotor, and the rotor blade fixing rod can rotate around the hinge point;
  • the rotor blade adopts a rectangular structure, one long side of the rotor blade is fixedly connected to the rotor blade fixing rod, the other long side of the rotor blade is a free side, and the two ends of the free side of the rotor blade pass through the upper support and the lower support respectively.
  • the rotor blade limit is connected with the return spring; the number of rotor blades is several, and several rotor blades are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction;
  • the stator includes the stator upper bracket, the stator lower bracket, the stator blade, the stator blade fixing rod and the stator blade limiter.
  • stator upper support is located above the rotor upper support, the stator lower support is located below the rotor lower support, the stator blade fixing rod is vertically installed between the stator upper support and the stator lower support, the stator upper support And the stator lower bracket is stationary relative to the ground; the upper end of the stator blade fixing rod is hinged with the stator upper bracket, the lower end of the stator blade fixing rod is hinged with the stator lower bracket, and the stator blade fixing rod can rotate around the hinge point; the stator The blade adopts a rectangular structure. One long side of the stator blade is fixedly connected to the stator blade fixing rod, and the other long side of the stator blade is a free side.
  • Both ends of the free side of the stator blade pass through the stator blade with the stator upper bracket and the stator lower bracket respectively.
  • the limit is connected with the return spring; the number of the stator blades is several, and the several stator blades are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction; the rotation direction of the rotor blades and the stator blades are opposite.
  • the number of the rotor blades and the stator blades is 4-16.
  • the installation angle swing range of the rotor blade and the stator blade are both ⁇ 30°.
  • the blade installation angles of the outer stator and the inner rotor can be adaptively changed with the air flow, which effectively improves the start-up performance at low wind speeds and effectively improves the utilization rate of wind energy.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a swing blade guide type vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotor in the swing-blade guide type vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the stator in the swing blade guide type vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a working state diagram of the swing blade guide type vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention.
  • a swing-blade guide type vertical axis wind turbine includes a rotor and a stator.
  • the stator is located outside the rotor.
  • the rotor includes an upper rotor support 1, a lower rotor support 2, a rotor blade 3, and a rotor blade.
  • the rotor upper support 1 is horizontally fixed on the top end of the rotor central shaft 5, and the rotor lower support 2 is horizontally fixed on the lower end of the rotor central shaft 5;
  • the rotor blade fixing rod 4 is vertically installed between the upper rotor support 1 and the lower rotor support 2.
  • the upper end of the rotor blade fixing rod 4 is hinged with the upper rotor support 1, and the lower end of the rotor blade fixing rod 4 is hinged with the lower support 2 of the rotor.
  • the rotor blade fixing rod 4 can rotate around the hinge point; the rotor blade 3 adopts a rectangular structure, one long side of the rotor blade 3 is fixedly connected to the rotor blade fixing rod 4, and the other long side of the rotor blade 3 is a free edge, The two ends of the free edge of the rotor blade 3 are respectively connected with the upper rotor support 1 and the lower rotor support 2 through the rotor blade limit and the return spring 6; there are several rotor blades 3, and several rotor blades 3 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction;
  • the stator includes an upper stator support 7, a lower stator support 8, stator blades 9, a stator blade fixing rod 10, and a stator blade limit and return spring 11; the stator upper support 7 is located above the rotor upper support
  • the upper stator support 7 and the lower stator support 8 are stationary relative to the ground;
  • the upper end of the stator blade fixing rod 10 is hinged with the stator upper support 7, and the lower end of the stator blade fixing rod 10 is hinged with the stator lower support 8.
  • the stator blade fixing rod 1 can rotate around the hinge point; the stator blade 9 adopts a rectangular structure, and the stator blade One long side of the stator blade 9 is fixedly connected to the stator blade fixing rod 10, and the other long side of the stator blade 9 is a free side.
  • the two ends of the free side of the stator blade 9 are respectively connected with the stator upper bracket 7 and the stator lower bracket 8 through the stator blade limit.
  • the position is connected with the return spring 11;
  • the number of the stator blades 9 is several, and the plurality of stator blades are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction; the rotation direction of the rotor blades 3 and the stator blades 9 are opposite.
  • the number of the rotor blades 3 and the stator blades 9 are both nine.
  • the installation angle swing range of the rotor blade 3 and the stator blade 9 are both ⁇ 30°.
  • the rotor blade 3 and the stator blade 9 both satisfy the long side: short side 1:0.25.
  • the wind acts on the stator, which will first swing the free edge of the stator blade 9 on the windward side to the center side. A part of the wind that will pass through the resistance surface of the wind turbine is directed to the power surface. At this time, the area of the windward side air inlet of the stator blade 9 is larger than the leeward side air outlet area, which can produce a nozzle effect, further strengthen the wind speed, and thus the efficiency of the rotor. Get further increase.
  • the rotor blades 3 and the stator blades 9 can swing adaptively with the wind, the degree of asymmetry between the rotor blades 3 and the stator blades 9 is increased, and the number of rotor blades 3 used to generate power is further increased, which can effectively reduce The inertial pole pitch of the rotor can increase the breeze starting performance of the wind turbine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

一种摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机，其定子和转子均包括上支架（7、1）、下支架（8、2）、叶片（9、3）及叶片固定杆（10、4），叶片固定杆（10、4）竖直铰接安装在上支架（7、1）与下支架（8、2）之间，且转子的上支架（1）与下支架（2）之间固装有转子中心轴（5）；叶片（9、3）安装在叶片固定杆（10、4）上，若干叶片（9、3）在圆周向均布；叶片（9、3）为长方形，叶片（9、3）的一条长边固连在叶片固定杆上，叶片（9、3）的另一条长边为自由边，叶片（9、3）的自由边两端分别与上支架（7、1）和下支架（8、2）通过叶片限位与复位弹簧（11、6）相连；转子与定子的叶片旋向相反；转子和定子的叶片数量均为4～16个；转子和定子的叶片安装角摆转范围均为±30°；转子和定子的叶片均满足长边∶短边＝1∶(0.2～0.45)。该摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机可有效改善低风速下的启动性能，并有效提高风能利用率。

Description

一种摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机 技术领域
本发明属于风力发电技术领域，特别是涉及一种摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机。
背景技术
风能作为一种清洁能源，其占传统能源的比重越来越大，而导流型垂直轴风轮机便是一种使用范围比较广泛的风能发电设备。
目前，传统的导流型垂直轴风轮机主要应用在小型离网的供电设施中，且由外部定子和内部转子组成，而外部定子用于产生导流作用，其在一定程度上可以减少来自迎风侧的阻力。
但是，传统的导流型垂直轴风轮机的外部定子和内部转子的不对称程度仍然较低，则会因迎风侧和背风无功侧的阻力导致风轮机的效率降低，而且内部转子叶片又都采用固定安装角，同时外部定子采用固定式的笼型定子结构，并且导流型风轮机的内部转子的惯性极距较大，导致风轮机的微风启动性能不佳，且普遍存在风能利用率较低的缺点。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
针对现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供一种摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机，外部定子和内部转子的叶片安装角度能够随着气流自适应改变，有效改善低风速下的启动性能，有效提高风能利用率。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机，包括转子和定子，定子位于转子外侧，所述转子包括转子上支架、转子下支架、转子叶片、转子叶片固定杆、转子中心轴及转子叶片限位与复位弹簧；所述转子上支架水平固装在转子中心轴顶端，所述转子下支架水平固装在 转子中心轴下端；所述转子叶片固定杆竖直安装在转子上支架和转子下支架之间，转子叶片固定杆上端与转子上支架相铰接，转子叶片固定杆下端与转子下支架相铰接，转子叶片固定杆可绕铰接点转动；所述转子叶片采用长方形结构，转子叶片的一条长边固连在转子叶片固定杆上，转子叶片的另一条长边为自由边，转子叶片的自由边两端分别与转子上支架和转子下支架通过转子叶片限位与复位弹簧相连；所述转子叶片数量若干，若干转子叶片在圆周方向上均布设置；所述定子包括定子上支架、定子下支架、定子叶片、定子叶片固定杆及定子叶片限位与复位弹簧；所述定子上支架位于转子上支架上方，所述定子下支架位于转子下支架下方，所述定子叶片固定杆竖直安装在定子上支架和定子下支架之间，定子上支架及定子下支架相对于地面静止不动；所述定子叶片固定杆上端与定子上支架相铰接，定子叶片固定杆下端与定子下支架相铰接，定子叶片固定杆可绕铰接点转动；所述定子叶片采用长方形结构，定子叶片的一条长边固连在定子叶片固定杆上，定子叶片的另一条长边为自由边，定子叶片的自由边两端分别与定子上支架和定子下支架通过定子叶片限位与复位弹簧相连；所述定子叶片数量若干，若干定子叶片在圆周方向上均布设置；所述转子叶片与定子叶片的旋向相反。
所述转子叶片和定子叶片的数量均为4～16个。
所述转子叶片和定子叶片的安装角摆转范围均为±30°。
所述转子叶片和定子叶片均满足长边∶短边＝1∶(0.2～0.45)。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
本发明的有益效果：
本发明的摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机，外部定子和内部转子的叶片安装角度能够随着气流自适应改变，有效改善低风速下的启动性能，有效提高风能利用率。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机中转子的结构示意图；
图3为本发明的摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机中定子的结构示意图；
图4为本发明的摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机的工作状态图；
图中，1-转子上支架，2-转子下支架，3-转子叶片，4-转子叶片固定杆，5-转子中心轴，6-转子叶片限位与复位弹簧，7-定子上支架，8-定子下支架，9-定子叶片，10-定子叶片固定杆，11-定子叶片限位与复位弹簧。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明。
如图1～3示，一种摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机，包括转子和定子，定子位于转子外侧，所述转子包括转子上支架1、转子下支架2、转子叶片3、转子叶片固定杆4、转子中心轴5及转子叶片限位与复位弹簧6；所述转子上支架1水平固装在转子中心轴5顶端，所述转子下支架2水平固装在转子中心轴5下端；所述转子叶片固定杆4竖直安装在转子上支架1和转子下支架2之间，转子叶片固定杆4上端与转子上支架1相铰接，转子叶片固定杆4下端与转子下支架2相铰接，转子叶片固定杆4可绕铰接点转动；所述转子叶片3采用长方形结构，转子叶片3的一条长边固连在转子叶片固定杆4上，转子叶片3的另一条长边为自由边，转子叶片3的自由边两端分别与转子上支架1和转子下支架2通过转子叶片限位与复位弹簧6相连；所述转子叶片3数量若干，若干转子叶片3在圆周方向上均布设置；所述定子包括定子上支架7、定子下支架8、定子叶片9、定子叶片固定杆10及定子叶片限位与复位弹簧11；所述定子上支架7位于转子上支架1上方，所述定子下支架8位于转子下支架2下方，所述定子叶片固定杆10竖直安装在定子上支架7和定子下支架8之间，定子上支架7及定子下支架8相对于地面静止不动；所述定子叶片固定杆10上端与定子上支架7相铰接，定子叶片固定杆10下端与定子下支架8相铰接，定子叶片固定杆1可绕铰接点转动；所述定子叶片9采用长方形结构，定子叶片9的一条长边固连在定子叶片固定杆10上，定子叶片9的另一条长边为自由边，定子叶片9的自由边两端分别与定子上支架7和定子下支架8通过定子叶片限位与复位弹簧11相连；所述定子叶片9数量若干，若干定子叶片在圆周方向 上均布设置；所述转子叶片3与定子叶片9的旋向相反。
所述转子叶片3和定子叶片9的数量均为9个。
所述转子叶片3和定子叶片9的安装角摆转范围均为±30°。
所述转子叶片3和定子叶片9均满足长边∶短边＝1∶0.25。
当采用了本发明的摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机后，如图4所示，风作用在定子上，会首先使迎风侧的定子叶片9的自由边摆向圆心侧，此时可将一部分要通过风轮机阻力面的风导向动力面，此时定子叶片9的迎风侧进风口面积大于背风侧出风口面积，进而可以产生喷管效应，使风速得到进一步加强，从而转子的效率也得到进一步增加。
同时，在背风侧的定子叶片9的自由边会摆向圆周侧，此时定子叶片9与转子叶片3之间形成较大的夹角和较小的出风口，气流与定子叶片9的反作用力会再次作用到转子叶片3上，从而进一步加强了转子的正向扭矩，进而提高了转子的效率。
另外，由于转子叶片3和定子叶片9可以随风自适应摆动，提高了转子叶片3与定子叶片9的不对称程度，进而使用于产生动力的转子叶片3的数量得到进一步增加，从而可以有效降低转子的惯性极距，进而可以增加风轮机的微风启动性能。
实施例中的方案并非用以限制本发明的专利保护范围，凡未脱离本发明所为的等效实施或变更，均包含于本案的专利范围中。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机，其特征在于：包括转子和定子，定子位于转子外侧，所述转子包括转子上支架、转子下支架、转子叶片、转子叶片固定杆、转子中心轴及转子叶片限位与复位弹簧；所述转子上支架水平固装在转子中心轴顶端，所述转子下支架水平固装在转子中心轴下端；所述转子叶片固定杆竖直安装在转子上支架和转子下支架之间，转子叶片固定杆上端与转子上支架相铰接，转子叶片固定杆下端与转子下支架相铰接，转子叶片固定杆可绕铰接点转动；所述转子叶片采用长方形结构，转子叶片的一条长边固连在转子叶片固定杆上，转子叶片的另一条长边为自由边，转子叶片的自由边两端分别与转子上支架和转子下支架通过转子叶片限位与复位弹簧相连；所述转子叶片数量若干，若干转子叶片在圆周方向上均布设置；所述定子包括定子上支架、定子下支架、定子叶片、定子叶片固定杆及定子叶片限位与复位弹簧；所述定子上支架位于转子上支架上方，所述定子下支架位于转子下支架下方，所述定子叶片固定杆竖直安装在定子上支架和定子下支架之间，定子上支架及定子下支架相对于地面静止不动；所述定子叶片固定杆上端与定子上支架相铰接，定子叶片固定杆下端与定子下支架相铰接，定子叶片固定杆可绕铰接点转动；所述定子叶片采用长方形结构，定子叶片的一条长边固连在定子叶片固定杆上，定子叶片的另一条长边为自由边，定子叶片的自由边两端分别与定子上支架和定子下支架通过定子叶片限位与复位弹簧相连；所述定子叶片数量若干，若干定子叶片在圆周方向上均布设置；所述转子叶片与定子叶片的旋向相反。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机，其特征在于：所述转子叶片和定子叶片的数量均为4～16个。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机，其特征在于：所述转子叶片和定子叶片的安装角摆转范围均为±30°。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机，其特征在于：所述转子叶片和定子叶片均满足长边∶短边＝1∶(0.2～0.45)。
PCT/CN2019/100293 2019-07-26 2019-08-13 一种摆动叶片式导流型垂直轴风轮机 WO2021017033A1 (zh)

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