WO2021017034A1 - 一种摆动叶片式水平轴水轮机 - Google Patents

一种摆动叶片式水平轴水轮机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021017034A1
WO2021017034A1 PCT/CN2019/100316 CN2019100316W WO2021017034A1 WO 2021017034 A1 WO2021017034 A1 WO 2021017034A1 CN 2019100316 W CN2019100316 W CN 2019100316W WO 2021017034 A1 WO2021017034 A1 WO 2021017034A1
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Prior art keywords
blade
fixing rod
blades
support
swing
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PCT/CN2019/100316
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张大禹
程奕鑫
马明旭
韩跃新
吴璞
陈忆闽
周磊
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东北大学
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Publication of WO2021017034A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021017034A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F03B3/121—Blades, their form or construction
    • F03B3/123—Blades, their form or construction specially designed as adjustable blades, e.g. for Kaplan-type turbines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
    • F03B3/12—Blades; Blade-carrying rotors
    • F03B3/14—Rotors having adjustable blades
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of hydropower, and particularly relates to a swing blade type horizontal axis hydraulic turbine.
  • tidal current energy As a new type of clean energy, tidal current energy is receiving more and more attention, and horizontal axis turbine is a kind of tidal current energy generating equipment with a wide range of applications.
  • the flow rate of water carrying tidal energy is generally not high, and the blades of horizontal-axis turbines are all installed at fixed angles. Due to the large inertia pole distance of horizontal-axis turbines, the starting performance of horizontal-axis turbines at low flow rates is poor. , Which in turn leads to the common disadvantage of low tidal energy utilization in traditional horizontal-axis turbines.
  • the present invention provides a swing blade type horizontal axis hydraulic turbine, the blade installation angle can be adaptively changed with the water flow, the startup performance at low flow rates can be effectively improved, and the tidal energy utilization rate can be effectively improved.
  • a swing blade type horizontal axis hydraulic turbine including a support, a central rotating shaft, a left support, a right support, blades, a blade fixing rod, and a blade limit and return spring; the center
  • the rotating shaft is horizontally mounted on the support through the bearing seat, the left support is fixedly mounted on one end of the central rotating shaft, and the right support is fixedly mounted on the other end of the central rotating shaft;
  • the blade fixing rod is horizontally mounted between the left support and the right support, One end of the blade fixing rod is hinged with the left bracket, and the other end of the blade fixing rod is hinged with the right bracket.
  • the blade fixing rod can rotate around the hinge point; the blade adopts a rectangular structure, and one long side of the blade is fixedly connected to the blade fixing rod.
  • the other long side of the blade is a free side, and both ends of the free side of the blade are respectively connected with the left support and the right support through the blade limit and the return spring; the number of the blades is several, and the several blades are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction.
  • the number of the blades is 4-16.
  • the installation angle swing range of the blade is ⁇ 30°.
  • the blade installation angle can be adaptively changed with the water flow, which effectively improves the starting performance at low flow rates and effectively improves the tidal energy utilization rate.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a swing blade type horizontal axis hydraulic turbine of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a working state diagram of the swing blade type horizontal axis turbine of the present invention under static water;
  • Figure 3 is a working state diagram of the swing blade type horizontal axis turbine of the present invention under water flow
  • a swing blade type horizontal axis hydraulic turbine includes a support 1, a central rotating shaft 2, a left bracket 3, a right bracket 4, a blade 5, a blade fixing rod 6 and a blade limit and return spring 7;
  • the central shaft 2 is horizontally mounted on the support 1 through a bearing seat, the left support 3 is fixedly mounted on one end of the central shaft 2, the right support 4 is fixedly mounted on the other end of the central shaft 2;
  • the blade fixing rod 6 is mounted horizontally Between the left bracket 3 and the right bracket 4, one end of the blade fixing rod 6 is hinged with the left bracket 3, the other end of the blade fixing rod 6 is hinged with the right bracket 4, and the blade fixing rod 6 can rotate around the hinge point;
  • the blade 5 adopts Rectangular structure, one long side of the blade 5 is fixedly connected to the blade fixing rod 6, the other long side of the blade 5 is a free edge, and the two ends of the free edge of the blade 5 are connected with the left bracket 3 and the right bracket 4 through the blade limit and
  • the return spring 7 is connected;
  • the number of the blades 5 is nine.
  • the installation angle swing range of the blade 5 is ⁇ 30°.
  • the water flow will change direction after hitting the blade 5, and enter the interior of the turbine through the gap between the blades 5, and then further hit the blade 5 on the side facing away from the water flow, and make the free edge of the blade 5 on the side facing away from the water flow. Swing to the circumferential side, the water flow changes direction again and slows down the flow rate, and this part of the blades 5 also produces positive torque, so that most of the blades 5 in the turbine can participate in positive work, and finally the tidal energy utilization rate is obtained. improve.
  • the blades 5 can adaptively swing with the water flow, and the number of blades 5 used to generate power is further increased, the inertial pole distance of the hydraulic turbine is effectively reduced, and the starting performance of the hydraulic turbine at low flow rates is effectively improved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Abstract

一种摆动叶片式水平轴水轮机，包括支座（1）、中心转轴（2）、左支架（3）、右支架（4）、叶片（5）、叶片固定杆（6）及叶片限位与复位弹簧（7）；中心转轴（2）通过轴承座水平安装在支座（1）上，左支架（3）固装在中心转轴（2）一端，右支架（4）固装在中心转轴（2）另一端；叶片固定杆（6）水平安装在左支架（3）与右支架（4）之间，叶片固定杆（6）一端与左支架（3）相铰接，叶片固定杆（6）另一端与右支架（4）相铰接，叶片固定杆（6）可绕铰接点转动；叶片（5）采用长方形结构，叶片（5）的一条长边固连在叶片固定杆（6）上，叶片（5）的另一条长边为自由边，叶片（5）的自由边两端分别与左支架（3）和右支架（4）通过叶片限位与复位弹簧（7）相连；叶片（5）数量若干，若干叶片（5）在圆周方向上均布设置。

Description

一种摆动叶片式水平轴水轮机 技术领域
本发明属于水力发电技术领域，特别是涉及一种摆动叶片式水平轴水轮机。
背景技术
潮流能作为一种新兴清洁能源，其受重视程度也越来越高，而水平轴水轮机便是一种使用范围比较广泛的潮流能发电设备。
目前，由于携带潮流能的水流流速普遍不高，而水平轴水轮机的叶片又都采用固定安装角，由于水平轴水轮机的惯性极距较大，导致水平轴水轮机在低流速下的启动性能不佳，进而导致传统的水平轴水轮机普遍存在潮流能利用率较低的缺点。
发明概述
技术问题
问题的解决方案
技术解决方案
针对现有技术存在的问题，本发明提供一种摆动叶片式水平轴水轮机，叶片安装角度能够随着水流自适应改变，有效改善低流速下的启动性能，有效提高潮流能利用率。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种摆动叶片式水平轴水轮机，包括支座、中心转轴、左支架、右支架、叶片、叶片固定杆及叶片限位与复位弹簧；所述中心转轴通过轴承座水平安装在支座上，所述左支架固装在中心转轴一端，所述右支架固装在中心转轴另一端；所述叶片固定杆水平安装在左支架与右支架之间，叶片固定杆一端与左支架相铰接，叶片固定杆另一端与右支架相铰接，叶片固定杆可绕铰接点转动；所述叶片采用长方形结构，叶片的一条长边固连在叶片固定杆上，叶片的另一条长边为自由边，叶片的自由边两端分别与左支架和右支架通过叶片限位与复位弹簧相连；所述叶片数量若干，若干叶片在圆周方向上均布设置。
所述叶片的数量为4～16个。
所述叶片的安装角摆转范围为±30°。
所述叶片的长边∶短边＝1∶(0.2～0.45)。
发明的有益效果
有益效果
本发明的有益效果：
本发明的摆动叶片式水平轴水轮机，叶片安装角度能够随着水流自适应改变，有效改善低流速下的启动性能，有效提高潮流能利用率。
对附图的简要说明
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种摆动叶片式水平轴水轮机的结构示意图；
图2为本发明的摆动叶片式水平轴水轮机在静水下的工作状态图；
图3为本发明的摆动叶片式水平轴水轮机在水流下的工作状态图；
图中，1-支座，2-中心转轴，3-左支架，4-右支架，5-叶片，6-叶片固定杆，7-叶片限位与复位弹簧。
发明实施例
本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明做进一步的详细说明。
如图1所示，一种摆动叶片式水平轴水轮机，包括支座1、中心转轴2、左支架3、右支架4、叶片5、叶片固定杆6及叶片限位与复位弹簧7；所述中心转轴2通过轴承座水平安装在支座1上，所述左支架3固装在中心转轴2一端，所述右支架4固装在中心转轴2另一端；所述叶片固定杆6水平安装在左支架3与右支架4之间，叶片固定杆6一端与左支架3相铰接，叶片固定杆6另一端与右支架4相铰接，叶片固定杆6可绕铰接点转动；所述叶片5采用长方形结构，叶片5的一条长边固连在叶片固定杆6上，叶片5的另一条长边为自由边，叶片5的自由边两端分别与左支架3和右支架4通过叶片限位与复位弹簧7相连；所述叶片5数量若干，若干叶片5在圆周方向上均布设置。
所述叶片5的数量为9个。
所述叶片5的安装角摆转范围为±30°。
所述叶片5的长边∶短边＝1∶0.25。
当采用了本发明的摆动叶片式水平轴水轮机后，如图2所示，在叶片限位与复位弹簧7的作用下，所有叶片5均处于相同的安装角下，此时水轮机不进行发电。如图3所示，当水流从一侧作用到叶片5后，会使迎向水流一侧的叶片5的自由边摆向圆心侧，从而增大了叶片5的迎流面积，并使叶片5产生更大的正向扭矩，提高叶片做正功的能力。同时，水流会在撞击到叶片5后改变方向，并通过叶片5间的缝隙进入水轮机内部，然后进一步撞击到背向水流一侧的叶片5，并使背向水流一侧的叶片5的自由边摆向圆周侧，水流再次改变方向并放慢流速，并使这部分叶片5也产生正向扭矩，从而使水轮机中的绝大多数叶片5都能参与做正功，最终使潮流能利用率得到提高。
另外，由于叶片5可以随着水流进行自适应摆动，并且使用于产生动力的叶片5的数量得到进一步增加，从而有效降低了水轮机的惯性极距，进而有效改善水轮机在低流速下的启动性能。
实施例中的方案并非用以限制本发明的专利保护范围，凡未脱离本发明所为的等效实施或变更，均包含于本案的专利范围中。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种摆动叶片式水平轴水轮机，其特征在于：包括支座、中心转轴、左支架、右支架、叶片、叶片固定杆及叶片限位与复位弹簧；所述中心转轴通过轴承座水平安装在支座上，所述左支架固装在中心转轴一端，所述右支架固装在中心转轴另一端；所述叶片固定杆水平安装在左支架与右支架之间，叶片固定杆一端与左支架相铰接，叶片固定杆另一端与右支架相铰接，叶片固定杆可绕铰接点转动；所述叶片采用长方形结构，叶片的一条长边固连在叶片固定杆上，叶片的另一条长边为自由边，叶片的自由边两端分别与左支架和右支架通过叶片限位与复位弹簧相连；所述叶片数量若干，若干叶片在圆周方向上均布设置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种摆动叶片式水平轴水轮机，其特征在于：所述叶片的数量为4～16个。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种摆动叶片式水平轴水轮机，其特征在于：所述叶片的安装角摆转范围为±30°。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种摆动叶片式水平轴水轮机，其特征在于：所述叶片的长边∶短边＝1∶(0.2～0.45)。
PCT/CN2019/100316 2019-07-26 2019-08-13 一种摆动叶片式水平轴水轮机 WO2021017034A1 (zh)

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