WO2017219308A1 - 利用射线源进行成像的方法、屏蔽体、治疗头及治疗设备 - Google Patents

利用射线源进行成像的方法、屏蔽体、治疗头及治疗设备 Download PDF

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WO2017219308A1
WO2017219308A1 PCT/CN2016/086836 CN2016086836W WO2017219308A1 WO 2017219308 A1 WO2017219308 A1 WO 2017219308A1 CN 2016086836 W CN2016086836 W CN 2016086836W WO 2017219308 A1 WO2017219308 A1 WO 2017219308A1
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Prior art keywords
scattering
radiation
imaging
energy
radiation source
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PCT/CN2016/086836
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李金升
刘海峰
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深圳市奥沃医学新技术发展有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2016/086836 priority Critical patent/WO2017219308A1/zh
Priority to US16/310,598 priority patent/US10675484B2/en
Priority to CN201680086890.XA priority patent/CN109310877B/zh
Publication of WO2017219308A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017219308A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/103—Treatment planning systems
    • A61N5/1039—Treatment planning systems using functional images, e.g. PET or MRI
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/04—Positioning of patients; Tiltable beds or the like
    • A61B6/0487—Motor-assisted positioning
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/06—Diaphragms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/40—Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4035—Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis the source being combined with a filter or grating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/48—Diagnostic techniques
    • A61B6/482—Diagnostic techniques involving multiple energy imaging
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/48—Diagnostic techniques
    • A61B6/483—Diagnostic techniques involving scattered radiation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1001—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy using radiation sources introduced into or applied onto the body; brachytherapy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/103—Treatment planning systems
    • A61N5/1031—Treatment planning systems using a specific method of dose optimization
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
    • A61N5/1049—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
    • A61N5/1064—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for adjusting radiation treatment in response to monitoring
    • A61N5/1069—Target adjustment, e.g. moving the patient support
    • A61N5/107—Target adjustment, e.g. moving the patient support in real time, i.e. during treatment
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1001—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy using radiation sources introduced into or applied onto the body; brachytherapy
    • A61N2005/1019—Sources therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N5/1048—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods
    • A61N5/1049—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam
    • A61N2005/1054—Monitoring, verifying, controlling systems and methods for verifying the position of the patient with respect to the radiation beam using a portal imaging system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
    • A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
    • A61N2005/1092—Details
    • A61N2005/1094—Shielding, protecting against radiation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular, to a method for imaging using a radiation source, a shielding body, a treatment head, and a treatment device.
  • Radiation therapy is to emit radiation by a ray source, and the radiation ray is focused on the same focus target, so that the focus target corresponds to the position of the human lesion or other lesions, and the lesion is killed by the radiation ray, thereby achieving a treatment method for non-invasive treatment.
  • the core component of the prior art treatment device includes a treatment head 11 and an image guiding device, wherein the image guiding device includes a bulb 21 and a first detector 22 corresponding to the bulb 21.
  • the treatment head 11 emits radiation of therapeutic level energy for exposure to the lesion 10.
  • the bulb 21 is used to emit x-rays and is received by the first detector 22 through the patient's lesion 10.
  • the first detector 22 acquires lesion data based on the received x-rays passing through the human lesion 10, and performs the lesion 10 on the human body. Imaging is performed to perform pre-treatment placement and lesion tracking during treatment such that lesion 10 receives a particular dose of beam illumination at the target location.
  • the treatment head of the existing treatment device is larger, resulting in a smaller treatment chamber space, and the image guiding device further compresses the treatment space and increases the system complexity.
  • image guiding devices are expensive, and the use of multiple detectors increases equipment costs. Accordingly, some manufacturers use the treatment beam of the treatment head for imaging, i.e., as shown in FIG. 2, the treatment device includes a treatment head 11 and a second detector 12 corresponding to the treatment head 11. Radiation of therapeutic level energy emitted by the treatment head 11 is received by the second detector 12 through the human lesion 10 to image the lesion 10 of the human body.
  • the energy level of the therapeutic-grade energy ray beam for treating the hair is higher, the penetration is strong, and the intensity attenuation in different substances is not much different, so the contrast of the image directly formed by the treatment beam is poor.
  • the patient will receive a large amount of additional radiation dose, which may cause secondary tumors and other lesions, which is not conducive to the health of the patient.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method of imaging using a radiation source, a shield, a treatment head, and a treatment apparatus capable of scattering a beam of high energy emitted by a radiation source, thereby reducing energy of the beam, and Imaging of the lesion with a low-energy beam of radiation not only improves the contrast of the lesion imaging, but also reduces the extra radiation received by the patient.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for imaging using a radiation source, which is applied to a treatment device, the treatment device including a radiation source, and the imaging method includes:
  • the source of radiation emits a beam of radiation having a first energy
  • An image of the lesion is established based on the received beam of radiation.
  • the treatment device further includes a scattering target; the first-stage scattering of the beam of rays emitted by the radiation source, and emitting the beam of rays having the second energy specifically includes:
  • a beam of radiation having a first energy is incident on the scattering target, and a beam of radiation having a second energy is emitted through the scattering target.
  • the method before the receiving the beam of rays passing through the human lesion, the method further includes:
  • the beam is filtered to change the spectral and/or scattering intensity of the beam.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a shielding body, the shielding body includes a radiation source mounting hole, a scattering target area, a scattering channel, and an imaging channel; wherein the radiation source mounting hole is used to install a radiation source.
  • the scattering target region is used to mount a scattering target;
  • Two ends of the scattering channel are respectively connected to the radiation source mounting hole and the scattering target area; one end of the imaging channel is in communication with the scattering target area;
  • a beam of rays emitted from a radiation source located in the radiation source mounting hole is irradiated onto the scattering target of the scattering target region through a scattering channel, and is emitted from the imaging channel.
  • the shielding body includes a scattering source mounting hole and at least one scattering channel, wherein the plurality of scattering channels are in communication with the at least one scattering source mounting hole;
  • the shielding body includes a plurality of scattering source mounting holes and a plurality of scattering channels, at least one of the scattering source mounting holes being in communication with one or more scattering channels; or
  • the shield includes a plurality of scattering channels and a scattering target region, and the plurality of the scattering channels are in communication with the scattering target region;
  • the shield includes a plurality of scattering target regions and at least one imaging channel, and the plurality of the scattering target regions are in communication with the same imaging channel;
  • the shield includes a scattering target region and a plurality of imaging channels, the scattering target region being in communication with at least one of the plurality of imaging channels.
  • the shielding body further includes a scattering switch mechanism, configured to open or close a connection state between the radiation source mounting hole, the scattering target area, the scattering channel, and the imaging channel; or
  • the scatter switch mechanism is used to open or close the other end of the imaging channel.
  • the angle between the scattering channel and the imaging channel is less than 90°.
  • the one end opening of the scattering channel communicating with the scattering target area is smaller than the opening of the other end.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a treatment head, comprising: a radiation source, a scattering target, and the shielding body according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention, wherein the radiation source is located at a radiation source of the shielding body. A hole is mounted, the scattering target being located in a scattering target area of the shield.
  • the treatment head further includes a collimator, the collimator includes a collimator body, a plurality of collimating holes disposed on the collimator body, and an imaging hole;
  • a beam of rays from the source of radiation is emitted from the collimating aperture from which a beam of radiation scattered by the scattering target is emitted.
  • the treatment head further comprises a filter layer for changing the spectrum and/or the scattering intensity of the beam of rays before the irradiation of the beam of radiation to the source.
  • the filter layer is located on the shielding body; or
  • the filter layer is located between the shield and the collimator;
  • the filter layer is located on the collimator.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a therapeutic apparatus, including the treatment head and the detector according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention
  • the radiation source of the treatment head can emit a beam of rays
  • the detector is configured to receive a beam of radiation passing through a human lesion and to establish an image of the lesion based on the received beam of radiation.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for imaging using a radiation source, a shielding body, a treatment head, and a treatment device.
  • the imaging method includes: the radiation source emits a radiation beam having a first energy; and the radiation beam emitted from the radiation source performs a radiation beam Stage scattering, emitting a beam of radiation having a second energy, the beam of rays having a second energy passing through a human lesion; wherein the second energy is less than the first energy; receiving a beam of radiation that passes through the lesion of the human body; establishing a lesion based on the received beam of radiation Image.
  • the beam of rays emitted by the ray source is scattered by the first stage to emit a beam of light having a smaller energy, and the beam is used for imaging the lesion, so that the lesion and the surrounding tissue can be clearly distinguished, thereby being relatively clear. Image.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of a conventional treatment device
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another conventional treatment device
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for imaging by using a radiation source according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is another method for imaging by using a radiation source according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another method for imaging by using a radiation source according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another method for tracking lesions using a lesion image of a radiation source according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a shielding body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the shield mounted radiation source and the scattering target shown in Figure 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a treatment head for performing lesion imaging according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of another treatment head for performing lesion imaging according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 1-ray source 2-scattering target; 3-shield; 4-collimator; 5-block; 10-spot; 11-therapeutic head; 12-second detector; 21-ball tube; A detector; 31-ray source mounting hole; 32-scattering target zone; 33-scattering channel; 34-imaging channel; 41-collimator body; 42-collimating hole; 43-imaging hole.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for imaging using a radiation source, which is applied to a treatment device, and the treatment device includes a radiation source.
  • the imaging method includes:
  • Step 101 The radiation source emits a beam of rays having a first energy.
  • the source of radiation may be an X-ray source, an electron source, a source of nuclide such as (Co-60), synchrotron radiation or a neutron source, and the like.
  • a radiation source as a nuclear source Co-60 as an example.
  • the radiation emission of the radiation source may be focused or conformed.
  • the radiation source may be plural, and the radiation beams emitted from the plurality of radiation sources are focused on the target point.
  • the beam of rays emitted by the source may be a specific illumination field formed by a multi-leaf grating or the like.
  • the source of radiation emits a beam of radiation having a first energy that may vary in size depending on the source of the source.
  • Cobalt-60 Co-60
  • the source of radiation is a nuclear source Co-60
  • the first energy of the beam emitted by the source is 1.33 MeV.
  • the energy of the X-ray emitted by the x-ray tube is adjustable.
  • the first energy of the radiation emitted by the x-ray tube may be 200 KV or 150 KV.
  • Step 102 Perform one-stage scattering on the radiation beam emitted by the radiation source to emit a radiation beam having a second energy, and the radiation beam having the second energy passes through the human body lesion; wherein the second energy is smaller than the first energy.
  • the first-order scattering of the radiation beam emitted by the radiation source may be implemented in various manners, as long as the radiation beam having the second energy is emitted after the first-order scattering, and the second energy is less than the first energy.
  • a beam of rays from a source of radiation may be a beam of radiation that emits less energy by scattering from the shield.
  • the treatment device further includes a scattering target; performing one-stage scattering of the beam of rays emitted by the radiation source, and emitting the beam of rays having the second energy specifically includes: irradiating the beam with the first energy on the scattering target, and generating Compton Scattering, scattering through the scattering target emits a beam of radiation having a second energy.
  • the scattering target may be formed of a substance such as tungsten, iron, lead, carbon, or the like, and the energy distribution and intensity of the beam emitted by the scattering target formed by the different substances are different.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not limit the specific material composition of the scattering target, and may select a scattering target formed of different substances according to the size and intensity requirements of the second energy.
  • Step 103 Receive a beam of rays that pass through a human lesion.
  • the treatment device may further comprise a detector for receiving a beam of rays that pass through the lesion of the human body.
  • the beam passing through the human lesion is a beam of rays having a second energy. The higher the energy of the beam used for treatment, the stronger the penetration, and the difference in intensity attenuation in different substances is not significant, that is, the distinction between the human lesion and its surrounding tissue is not obvious, so that the location of the lesion cannot be determined.
  • the beam of rays emitted by the ray source is scattered by the first stage to emit a beam of light having a smaller energy, and the beam is used for imaging the lesion, so that the lesion and the surrounding tissue can be clearly distinguished, thereby being relatively clear.
  • Image the beam of rays emitted by the ray source is scattered by the first stage to emit a beam of light having a smaller energy, and the beam is used for imaging the lesion, so that the lesion and the surrounding tissue can be clearly distinguished, thereby being relatively clear.
  • Step 104 Establish an image of the lesion according to the received beam.
  • the above step 104 specifically includes: acquiring projection data of the lesion according to the received beam, and establishing an image of the lesion according to the projection data.
  • a method for imaging by using a radiation source is provided for a treatment device, wherein the treatment device includes a radiation source, and the imaging method includes: the radiation source emits a radiation beam having a first energy; and the radiation beam emitted by the radiation source is performed.
  • First-order scattering emitting a beam of rays having a second energy, the beam of rays having a second energy passing through a human lesion; wherein the second energy is less than the first energy; receiving a beam of rays passing through the human lesion; establishing the beam according to the received beam An image of the lesion.
  • the beam of rays emitted by the ray source is scattered by the first stage to emit a beam of light having a smaller energy, and the beam is used for imaging the lesion, so that the lesion and the surrounding tissue can be clearly distinguished, thereby being relatively clear.
  • the image of the lesion is not limited to, but not limited to, the beam of rays emitted by the ray source.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an imaging method. As shown in FIG. 4, before step 103, the method further includes:
  • Step 105 filtering the beam to change the spectral and/or scattering intensity of the beam.
  • filtering the beam of radiation may be by providing a means of packing in the imaging channel, which may be to change only the spectrum of the beam, or to change the scattering intensity of the beam, or by changing the spectrum and scattering intensity of the beam.
  • a means of packing in the imaging channel may be to change only the spectrum of the beam, or to change the scattering intensity of the beam, or by changing the spectrum and scattering intensity of the beam.
  • the manner in which the beam is filtered in the embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited. For example, it is also possible to provide a filler in the scattering channel, or to filter the beam before it reaches the lesion after it is emitted from the shield.
  • the average attenuation coefficient of the filler is gradually increased from the center to the side of the imaging channel, and the effect of gradually decreasing the intensity from the center to the side corresponding to the light field is formed.
  • the reduction in imaging dose also enhances the image quality of the resulting projection.
  • step 105 is not limited to the one shown in FIG. 4 , for example, it may be after step 101 and before step 102 , and the embodiment of the present invention is only described by taking FIG. 4 as an example.
  • the spectrum of the beam is changed to increase the contrast of the projected image. If the beam is filtered, the scattering intensity of the beam is further reduced, so that the lesion is imaged with a smaller energy beam, which not only improves the sharpness of the image, but also enables Reduce the amount of extra radiation received by the patient and reduce secondary damage.
  • the method further includes:
  • Step 106 Perform secondary scattering on the beam of rays having the second energy, emit a beam of rays having a third energy, and the beam of rays having the third energy passes through the human lesion.
  • Secondary scattering of a beam of radiation having a second energy can further reduce the energy of the beam of rays passing through the body's lesion.
  • the image of the lesion formed by the imaging method provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be used not only for the position before treatment but also for tracking the lesion during treatment.
  • a specific embodiment for illustrating the specific application of the imaging method provided by the embodiment of the present invention in therapy is described below. This embodiment is described by taking a multi-source focusing treatment head as an example.
  • the lesion image formed by the imaging method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is used for lesion tracking in treatment, including:
  • Step 201 The radiation source emits a beam of rays having a first energy.
  • Step 202 Perform one-stage scattering on the beam of rays emitted by the radiation source to emit a beam of rays having a second energy, and the beam of rays having the second energy passes through the human lesion; wherein the second energy is less than the first energy.
  • Step 203 Receive a beam of rays that pass through a human lesion.
  • Step 204 Establish an image of the lesion according to the received beam.
  • Step 205 Adjust the position of the treatment bed according to the image of the lesion to move the lesion so that the lesion is located in the target area.
  • the patient lies flat on the treatment bed
  • the treatment bed can be a three-dimensional bed or a six-bed bed that can be moved up, down, left, and right.
  • the purpose of moving the lesion can be achieved, so that the lesion is located in the target area, so that the lesion receives a specific dose of radiation from the radiation source in the target area.
  • the method further includes the step 206 of adjusting the treatment head according to the image of the lesion to move the target area such that the lesion is located in the target area.
  • the treatment head includes a radiation source, a collimator, a shield, and the like.
  • the radiation source is a multi-source focusing example, and the radiation beams emitted by the plurality of radiation sources are focused on the target area, thereby moving through the movement.
  • the treatment head adjusts the position of the target area such that the lesion is located in the target area so that the lesion receives a specific dose of radiation from the radiation source in the target area.
  • the image of the lesion formed by the imaging method can also be used for tracking the lesion during the treatment, so that the position image of the lesion can be obtained in real time during the treatment.
  • the lesion or target area is adjusted according to the position image, so that the lesion receives a specific dose of beam irradiation in the target area, thereby improving the therapeutic effect.
  • the image of the lesion formed by the imaging method can also be used for the patient's position before treatment, so that no imaging system, such as a bulb and a corresponding detector, is needed, which not only reduces the cost, but also increases the treatment space, and the treatment device can not only For head treatment, it can also be used for body treatment to achieve head and body treatment integration.
  • no imaging system such as a bulb and a corresponding detector
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a shielding body 3 including a radiation source mounting hole 31, a scattering target area 32, a scattering channel 33, and an imaging channel 34.
  • the radiation source mounting hole 31 is provided.
  • the scattering target region 32 is used to mount the scattering target 2.
  • Both ends of the scattering channel 33 are in communication with the radiation source mounting hole 31 and the scattering target region 32, respectively; one end of the imaging channel 34 is in communication with the scattering target region 33.
  • the beam of rays emitted from the radiation source 1 located in the radiation source mounting hole 31 is irradiated onto the scattering target 2 of the scattering target region 32 through the scattering passage 33, and is emitted from the imaging passage 33.
  • FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are exemplified by including two radiation sources.
  • the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the position, layout, structure, and the like of the radiation source, the imaging channel, the scattering channel, and the like.
  • the number of sources is also not limited, for example, the source of the radiation may be a single source or a multiple source.
  • the shielding body can shield the radiation source, and generally adopts a material with better shielding effect such as lead.
  • the attenuation coefficient of the scattering target to the radiation beam is smaller than the attenuation coefficient of the shielding beam to ensure the attenuation coefficient.
  • the beam energy of the beam after being scattered by the scattering target is not too small for imaging of the lesion.
  • the shielding body provided by the embodiment of the invention includes a radiation source mounting hole, a scattering target area, a scattering channel and an imaging channel; the radiation source mounting hole is used for mounting the radiation source, the scattering target area is used for mounting the scattering target, and the scattering target is for the radiation beam.
  • the attenuation coefficient is smaller than the attenuation coefficient of the shield to the beam.
  • Two ends of the scattering channel are respectively connected to the radiation source mounting hole and the scattering target area; one end of the imaging channel is in communication with the scattering target area.
  • a beam of rays from a source of radiation source mounting holes is irradiated through a scattering channel onto a scattering target of the scattering target region, and a beam of rays scattered by the scattering target is emitted from the imaging channel. Since the energy of the beam scattered by the scattering target is higher than the source of the radiation The energy of the beam is low. Therefore, by using the scattered beam of rays to form through the lesion of the patient, the radiation dose received by the patient is low, and the contrast of the formed image is high, and the patient's lesion can be more clearly displayed.
  • a shielding body provided by an embodiment of the invention includes a scattering source mounting hole and at least one scattering channel, and the plurality of scattering channels are in communication with the scattering source mounting hole.
  • the radiation source disposed at the scattering source mounting hole is directed to the scattering target through a plurality of scattering channels, so that the energy reaching the scattering target can be adjusted by the number of scattering channels to further adjust the energy of the beam for imaging.
  • the shielding body includes a scattering source mounting hole, that is, the treatment device including the shielding body includes a radiation source, and the radiation source is a cobalt-60.
  • the treatment device including the shielding body may further include a collimator and In the multi-leaf grating, the radiation emitted by the radiation source is emitted from the collimator to convert the radiation source into a point source, and the multi-leaf grating can be conformed according to the shape of the tumor, thereby achieving conformal intensity-modulated radiation therapy.
  • a shielding body provided by an embodiment of the invention includes a plurality of scattering source mounting holes and a plurality of scattering channels, and at least one scattering source mounting hole is in communication with one or more scattering channels.
  • the shielding body includes ten scattering source mounting holes, and only one scattering source mounting hole communicates with the scattering channel, so that multiple scattering source mounting holes are connected to the scattering target, and the radiation beam scattered by the scattering target still has a larger dose.
  • the one of the scattering source mounting holes may be in communication with a scattering channel or in communication with a plurality of scattering passages to further adjust the energy of the beam at the scattering target.
  • a shielding body provided by an embodiment of the invention includes a plurality of scattering channels and a scattering target area, and the plurality of scattering channels are in communication with the scattering target area.
  • the plurality of scattering channels are in communication with the scattering target area.
  • FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 taking two scattering source mounting holes as an example, two scattering source mounting holes respectively communicate with one scattering channel, and two scattering channels communicate with one scattering target, thereby being located in the scattering target region.
  • the scattering target receives a beam of rays from different scattering channels.
  • a shield provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes a plurality of scattering target regions and at least one imaging channel, and the plurality of scattering target regions are in communication with the same imaging channel. For example, if the scattering target of the scattering target region is lead, the energy of the beam after scattering by the scattering target is very small, so that the beam of rays scattered by the plurality of scattering targets can be emitted through the same imaging channel to increase the energy of the scattered beam.
  • a shielding body provided by an embodiment of the invention includes a scattering target area and a plurality of components Like the channel, the scattering target region is in communication with at least one of the plurality of imaging channels.
  • the beams of rays emitted by the plurality of imaging channels may intersect at the target region so that the beam of each imaging channel can be sequentially received by the control detector so that it can be used to form a three-dimensional image of the lesion.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a shielding body, characterized in that the shielding body further comprises a scattering switch mechanism for opening or closing the connection state between the radiation source mounting hole, the scattering target area, the scattering channel and the imaging channel. Or, the scatter switch mechanism is used to open or close the other end of the imaging channel.
  • the scattering switch mechanism is configured to open or close the connection state between the radiation source mounting hole, the scattering target area, the scattering channel, and the imaging channel, that is, to open or close the connection state of the radiation source mounting hole and the scattering target area, or to open or
  • the state of communication between the scattering target region and the scattering channel, or the state of communication between the scattering channel and the imaging channel is not specifically limited in the practice of the present invention.
  • the scatter switch mechanism is used to open or close the other end of the imaging channel, that is, to open or close the imaging channel so that the radiation is emitted or shielded.
  • the scatter switch mechanism may be closed by using a misalignment, or may be closed by using other dams.
  • the specific implementation manner of the scatter switch mechanism is not limited in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the energy and intensity of the scattered radiation is related to the angle ⁇ from the imaging channel to the beam path, in addition to the energy from the initial radiation of the source (i.e., the first energy in the embodiment of the invention).
  • the angle ⁇ between the imaging channel and the beam channel is not limited, but preferably, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , the angle ⁇ between the scattering channel 33 and the imaging channel 34 is less than 90°.
  • the amount of change in wavelength after scattering increases with the angle between the scattering direction and the incident direction and the angle ⁇ shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. That is, the larger the angle between the scattering direction and the incident direction, the larger the wavelength of the beam after scattering and the smaller the energy.
  • ⁇ >90° in the case of ⁇ 90°, the scattered photon energy is lower, the imaging quality is higher, and the imaging dose accepted by the patient is also more. low.
  • a shielding body is provided, and an opening of one end of the imaging channel communicating with the scattering target area is smaller than an opening of the other end.
  • the opening of the imaging channel is a tapered opening, so that the scattered line emitted by the scattering target is an outwardly diverging beam.
  • the one end opening of the scattering channel communicating with the scattering target area is smaller than the opening of the other end.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a treatment head 11, as shown in FIG. 9, comprising: a radiation source 1, a scattering target 2, and a shielding body 3 according to any of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the radiation source 1 is located in the radiation of the shielding body 3.
  • the source mounting hole, the scattering target 2 is located in the scattering target area of the shield.
  • a treatment head as shown in FIG. 9, further includes a collimator 4 including a collimator body 41 and a plurality of collimating holes 42 disposed on the collimator body 41. And an imaging aperture 43; a beam of radiation from the source 1 is emitted from the collimation aperture 42 for treatment of the patient.
  • the arrow shown in Fig. 9 moves the collimator 4 such that a beam of rays scattered by the scattering target 2 is emitted from the imaging aperture 42 to image the lesion with radiation scattered by the scattering target.
  • the imaging aperture 43 on the collimator 4 is offset from the imaging channel 34 so that by moving the collimator 4, the imaging aperture 43 can be aligned with the imaging channel 34, thereby enabling the scattering target 2
  • the scattered beam of rays is emitted from the imaging aperture 42. Equivalent to opening or closing the imaging channel 34 by the movement of the collimator 4, so that the beam of light scattered by the scattering target 2 is used for imaging of the lesion 10 or being shielded by the collimator 4.
  • the manner in which the beam scattered by the scattering target can be used for imaging is varied, and is not limited to that shown in FIG.
  • the shield further includes a scatter switch mechanism
  • the imaging aperture may also be directly aligned with the opening of the imaging channel.
  • the treatment head 11 further includes a stopper 5, and the imaging hole 43 is aligned with the imaging channel 34. Thereby, the beam of light scattered by the scattering target 2 is caused to be used for imaging of the lesion 10 or by the stopper 5 by moving the stopper 5.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a treatment head, further comprising a filter layer for changing a spectrum and/or a scattering intensity of a beam of rays emitted from a source of radiation before being irradiated to the lesion.
  • the filter layer may be located on the shield; or the filter layer may be located between the shield and the collimator; or the filter layer may be located on the collimator.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a therapeutic apparatus, including any of the treatment heads and detectors provided by the embodiments of the present invention; the radiation source of the treatment head emits a beam of radiation; the detector is configured to receive a beam of radiation passing through the human lesion, and receive The beam of rays creates an image of the lesion.
  • the detector generally includes a detector plate, and the detector plate is generally packaged. A plurality of small pixel plates are arranged, and the pixel plate array is arranged. Each pixel plate can receive a beam of rays, and the detector performs data processing on the beam received by each pixel plate to establish an image of the lesion.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种利用射线源进行成像的方法、屏蔽体、治疗头及治疗设备，涉及医疗器械技术领域，解决了现有技术中利用射线源成像形成的病灶图像对比度低的问题。一种利用射线源进行成像的方法，应用于治疗设备，所述治疗设备包括射线源，所述成像方法包括：所述射线源发出具有第一能量的射线束；对所述射线源发出的射线束进行一级散射，发出具有第二能量的射线束，所述具有第二能量的射线束穿过人体病灶；其中，所述第二能量小于所述第一能量；接收穿过人体病灶的射线束；根据接收的射线束建立病灶的图像。

Description

利用射线源进行成像的方法、屏蔽体、治疗头及治疗设备 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，尤其涉及一种利用射线源进行成像的方法、屏蔽体、治疗头及治疗设备。
背景技术
放射治疗是通过射线源发出射线放射线，放射线射线聚焦于同一焦点靶点，使得该焦点靶点与人体病灶或其他病灶的位置对应，通过放射线射线将病灶杀死，从而实现无创治疗的治疗手段。
现有的治疗设备的核心部件如图1所示，包括治疗头11以及图像引导装置，其中，图像引导装置包括球管21和与球管21对应的第一探测器22。治疗头11发出治疗级能量的放射线，用于病灶10照射。球管21用于发出x射线，并穿过患者的病灶10被第一探测器22接收，第一探测器22根据接收的穿过人体病灶10的x射线获取病灶数据，对人体的病灶10进行成像，以进行治疗前的摆位以及治疗中的病灶追踪，以使得病灶10在靶点位置处接收特定剂量的射线束照射。
一方面，现有的治疗设备的治疗头较大，导致治疗腔室空间较小，而图像引导装置进一步压缩了治疗空间、增加了系统复杂度。另一方面，图像引导装置价格昂贵，使用多个探测器增加了设备成本。因此，一些厂商利用治疗头的治疗束进行成像，即如图2所示，治疗设备包括治疗头11以及与治疗头11对应的第二探测器12。治疗头11发出的治疗级能量的放射线穿过人体病灶10被第二探测器12接收，以对人体的病灶10成像。
这样虽然能够降低成本，但治疗头发出的治疗级能量射线束的能量较高，穿透性强，在不同物质中的强度衰减区别不大，因而直接利用治疗束所成图像的对比度较差。且在利用治疗级能量射线束进行治疗前的摆位，患者会接收大量的额外辐射剂量，有可能会引发二次肿瘤和其他的病变，不利于患者的健康。
发明内容
本发明的实施例提供一种利用射线源进行成像的方法、屏蔽体、治疗头及治疗设备，该成像方法能够将射线源发出的高能量的射线束进行散射，从而降低射线束的能量，并利用低能量的射线束进行病灶的成像，从而不仅能够提高病灶成像的对比度，还能够降低患者接收的额外辐射。
为达到上述目的，本发明的实施例采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，本发明实施例提供了
本发明实施例提供了一种利用射线源进行成像的方法，应用于治疗设备，所述治疗设备包括射线源，所述成像方法包括：
所述射线源发出具有第一能量的射线束；
对所述射线源发出的射线束进行一级散射，发出具有第二能量的射线束，所述具有第二能量的射线束穿过人体病灶；其中，所述第二能量小于所述第一能量；
接收穿过人体病灶的射线束；
根据接收的射线束建立病灶的图像。
可选的，所述治疗设备还包括散射靶；所述对射线源发出的射线束进行一级散射，发出具有第二能量的射线束具体包括：
具有第一能量的射线束照射在所述散射靶上，经所述散射靶散射发出具有第二能量的射线束。
可选的，在所述接收穿过人体病灶的射线束之前，所述方法还包括：
对射线束进行过滤，以改变射线束的光谱和/或散射强度。
另一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种屏蔽体，所述屏蔽体包括射线源安装孔、散射靶区、散射通道以及成像通道；其中，所述射线源安装孔用于安装射线源，所述散射靶区用于安装散射靶；
所述散射通道的两端分别与所述射线源安装孔以及所述散射靶区连通；所述成像通道的一端与所述散射靶区连通；
位于所述射线源安装孔的射线源发出的射线束经过散射通道照射在所述散射靶区的散射靶上，再从所述成像通道发出。
可选的，所述屏蔽体包括一个散射源安装孔以及至少一个散射通道，所述多个散射通道与所述至少一个散射源安装孔连通；或者，
所述屏蔽体包括多个散射源安装孔以及多个散射通道，至少一个所述散射源安装孔与一个或多个散射通道连通；或者，
所述屏蔽体包括多个散射通道以及一个散射靶区，多个所述散射通道与所述散射靶区连通；或者，
所述屏蔽体包括多个散射靶区以及至少一个成像通道，多个所述散射靶区与同一成像通道连通；或者，
所述屏蔽体包括一个散射靶区以及多个成像通道，所述散射靶区与所述多个成像通道中的至少一个连通。
可选的，所述屏蔽体还包括散射开关机构，所述散射开关机构用于打开或关闭所述射线源安装孔、散射靶区、散射通道以及成像通道之间的连通状态；或者，
所述散射开关机构用于打开或关闭所述成像通道的另一端。
可选的，所述散射通道与所述成像通道的夹角小于90°。
可选的，所述散射通道与所述散射靶区连通的一端开口小于另一端开口。
另一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种治疗头，包括：射线源、散射靶以及本发明实施例提供的任一项所述的屏蔽体，所述射线源位于所述屏蔽体的射线源安装孔，所述散射靶位于所述屏蔽体的散射靶区。
可选的，所述治疗头还包括准直器，所述准直器包括准直器主体、设置在所述准直器主体上的多个准直孔以及成像孔；
射线源发出的射线束从所述准直孔发出，散射靶散射的射线束从所述成像孔发出。
可选的，所述治疗头还包括过滤层，用于对射线源发出的射线束在照射在病灶之前，改变射线束的光谱和/或散射强度。
可选的，所述过滤层位于所述屏蔽体上；或者，
所述过滤层位于所述屏蔽体和所述准直器之间；或者，
所述过滤层位于所述准直器上。
再一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种治疗设备，包括本发明实施例提供的任一所述的治疗头以及探测器；
所述治疗头的射线源可发出射线束；
所述探测器用于接收经过人体病灶的射线束，并根据接收的射线束建立病灶的图像。
本发明的实施例提供的一种利用射线源进行成像的方法、屏蔽体、治疗头及治疗设备，成像方法包括：射线源发出具有第一能量的射线束；对射线源发出的射线束进行一级散射，发出具有第二能量的射线束，具有第二能量的射线束穿过人体病灶；其中，第二能量小于第一能量；接收穿过人体病灶的射线束；根据接收的射线束建立病灶的图像。由于射线束的能量越高，穿透性越强，在不同物质中的强度衰减区别不大，即人体病灶与其周围组织的区分不明显，从而无法明确病灶的位置。而本发明实施例中，射线源发出的射线束经过一级散射，发出具有较小能量的射线束，使用该射线束进行病灶成像，能够比较明显的区分病灶以及周围组织，从而能够形成比较清晰的图像。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有的治疗设备示意图；
图2为现有的另一种治疗设备示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的一种利用射线源进行成像的方法示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的另一种利用射线源进行成像的方法 示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的另一种利用射线源进行成像的方法示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的另一种利用射线源的病灶图像进行病灶追踪的方法示意图；
图7为本发明实施例提供的一种屏蔽体示意图；
图8为图7所示的屏蔽体安装射线源以及散射靶的示意图；
图9为本发明实施例提供的一种治疗头进行病灶成像的示意图；
图10为本发明实施例提供的另一种治疗头进行病灶成像的示意图。
附图标记：
1-射线源；2-散射靶；3-屏蔽体；4-准直器；5-挡块；10-病灶；11-治疗头；12-第二探测器；21-球管；22-第一探测器；31-射线源安装孔；32-散射靶区；33-散射通道；34-成像通道；41-准直器主体；42-准直孔；43-成像孔。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供了一种利用射线源进行成像的方法，应用于治疗设备，治疗设备包括射线源，如图3所示，成像方法包括：
步骤101、射线源发出具有第一能量的射线束。
示例的，射线源可以是X射线源、电子源、核素源例如(Co-60)、同步辐射或中子源等。本发明实施例及附图均以射线源为核素源Co-60为例进行说明。其中，射线源的照射放射可以是聚焦或适形等。在射线源的照射方式为聚焦的情况下，射线源可以是多个，多个射线源发出的射线束聚焦于靶点。在射线源的照射放射为适形的情况下， 射线源发出的射线束可以是通过多叶光栅等形成特定的照射射野。
射线源发出具有第一能量的射线束，该第一能量根据射线源的不同其大小可能不同。例如，钴-60(Co-60)是金属元素钴的放射性同位素之一，其半衰期为5.27年。在射线源为核素源Co-60的情况下，射线源发出的射线束的第一能量为1.33MeV。再例如，在射线源为x射线管的情况下，x射线管发出的X射线的能量大小可调，例如x射线管发出的射线的第一能量可以是200KV，还可以是150KV。
步骤102、对射线源发出的射线束进行一级散射，发出具有第二能量的射线束，具有第二能量的射线束穿过人体病灶；其中，第二能量小于第一能量。
本发明实施例中，对射线源发出的射线束进行一级散射可以通过多种方式实现，只要能够达到通过一级散射后发出具有第二能量的射线束，且第二能量小于第一能量即可。例如射线源发出的射线束可以是通过屏蔽体散射发出具有较小能量的射线束。
示例的，治疗设备还包括散射靶；对射线源发出的射线束进行一级散射，发出具有第二能量的射线束具体包括：具有第一能量的射线束照射在散射靶上，发生康普顿散射，经散射靶散射发出具有第二能量的射线束。示例的，散射靶可以是由钨、铁、铅、碳等物质形成，且由不同物质形成的散射靶散射发出的射线束的能量分布和强度不同。本发明实施例对散射靶的具体物质组成不做限定，其可以根据对第二能量的大小与强度要求，选择由不同物质形成的散射靶。
步骤103、接收穿过人体病灶的射线束。
具体的，治疗设备可以进一步包括探测器，探测器用于接收穿过人体病灶的射线束。需要说明的是，穿过人体病灶的射线束为具有第二能量的射线束。由于用于治疗的射线束的能量越高，穿透性越强，在不同物质中的强度衰减区别不大，即人体病灶与其周围组织的区分不明显，从而无法明确病灶的位置。而本发明实施例中，射线源发出的射线束经过一级散射，发出具有较小能量的射线束，使用该射线束进行病灶成像，能够比较明显的区分病灶以及周围组织，从而能够形成比较清晰的图像。
步骤104、根据接收的射线束建立病灶的图像。
示例的，上述步骤104具体包括：根据接收的射线束获取病灶的投影数据，并根据投影数据建立病灶的图像。
本发明实施例提供的一种利用射线源进行成像的方法，应用于治疗设备，治疗设备包括射线源，成像方法包括：射线源发出具有第一能量的射线束；对射线源发出的射线束进行一级散射，发出具有第二能量的射线束，具有第二能量的射线束穿过人体病灶；其中，第二能量小于第一能量；接收穿过人体病灶的射线束；根据接收的射线束建立病灶的图像。由于射线束的能量越高，穿透性越强，在不同物质中的强度衰减区别不大，即人体病灶与其周围组织的区分不明显，从而无法明确病灶的位置。而本发明实施例中，射线源发出的射线束经过一级散射，发出具有较小能量的射线束，使用该射线束进行病灶成像，能够比较明显的区分病灶以及周围组织，从而能够形成比较清晰的病灶图像。
本发明实施例提供了一种成像方法，如图4所示，步骤103之前，方法还包括：
步骤105、对射线束进行过滤，以改变射线束的光谱和/或散射强度。示例的，对射线束进行过滤可以是通过在成像通道中设置填料方式，其可以是仅改变射线束的光谱，或者，改变射线束的散射强度，或者通过改变射线束的光谱和散射强度。当然，本发明实施例对射线束进行过滤的方式不做具体限定，例如还可以是在散射通道中设置填料，或者，在射线束从屏蔽体射出后在到达病灶之前对其进行过滤。
进一步的，成像通道内设置有至少两种填料，例如，使得从成像通道的中心到侧面，填料的平均衰减系数逐渐增大，形成光野对应的从中心到侧面强度逐渐减小的效果，对病人的成像剂量降低的同时还增强了所得投影的图像质量。
当然，步骤105不局限于图4所示，例如其还可以是在步骤101之后，且在步骤102之前进行，本发明实施例仅以图4所示的为例进行说明。
若对射线束进行过滤，改变射线束的光谱，增大投影图像的对比度。若对射线束进行过滤，进一步减小射线束的散射强度，从而利用更小能量的射线束对病灶进行成像，不仅提高成像的清晰度，且能够 减小患者接收的额外辐射剂量，减小二次伤害。
示例的，如图5所示，在具有第二能量的射线束穿过人体病灶之前，方法还包括：
步骤106、对具有第二能量的射线束进行二级散射，发出具有第三能量的射线束，具有第三能量的射线束穿过人体病灶。
对具有第二能量的射线束进行二级散射能够进一步减小穿过人体病灶的射线束的能量。
需要说明的是，利用本发明实施例提供的成像方法形成的病灶图像，不仅可以用于治疗前的摆位，还可以用于治疗中的病灶追踪。下面列举一具体实施例，用于说明本发明实施例提供的成像方法在治疗中的具体应用。本实施例以多源聚焦治疗头为例进行说明，如图6所示，利用本发明实施例提供的成像方法形成的病灶图像用于治疗中的病灶追踪，包括：
步骤201、射线源发出具有第一能量的射线束。
步骤202、对射线源发出的射线束进行一级散射，发出具有第二能量的射线束，具有第二能量的射线束穿过人体病灶；其中，第二能量小于第一能量。
步骤203、接收穿过人体病灶的射线束。
步骤204、根据接收的射线束建立病灶的图像。
步骤205、根据病灶的图像调整治疗床的位置，以移动病灶，使得病灶位于靶区内。
一般的，患者平躺在治疗床上，治疗床可以是可以上下左右移动的三维床或六位床等。从而通过调整治疗床的位置，可以起到移动病灶的目的，从而使得病灶位于靶区内，以便病灶在靶区接收射线源发出的特定剂量的射线束照射。
或者，还可以是包括步骤206、根据病灶的图像调整治疗头，以移动靶区，使得病灶位于靶区内。
一般的，治疗头包括射线源、准直器以及屏蔽体等，射线源为多源聚焦为例，多个射线源发出的射线束聚焦于靶区，从而通过移动治 疗头，调整靶区的位置，使得病灶位于靶区内，以便病灶在靶区接收射线源发出的特定剂量的射线束照射。
本发明实施例提供的一种利用射线源进行成像的方法，利用该成像方法形成的病灶图像，还可以在治疗过程中用于病灶的追踪，从而可以在治疗过程中实时获取病灶的位置图像，根据该位置图像调整病灶或靶区，使得病灶在靶区接收特定剂量的射线束照射，从而提高治疗效果。还可以利用该成像方法形成的病灶图像在治疗前用于病人的摆位，从而无需成像系统，例如球管以及对应的探测器等，不仅降低成本，且可以增大治疗空间，治疗设备不仅可以用于头部治疗，还可以用于体部治疗，实现头部和体部治疗一体化。
如图7、图8所示，本发明实施例提供了一种屏蔽体3，屏蔽体包括射线源安装孔31、散射靶区32、散射通道33以及成像通道34；其中，射线源安装孔31用于安装射线源1，散射靶区32用于安装散射靶2。散射通道33的两端分别与射线源安装孔31以及散射靶区32连通；成像通道34的一端与散射靶区33连通。位于射线源安装孔31的射线源1发出的射线束经过散射通道33照射在散射靶区32的散射靶2上，再从成像通道33发出。
需要说明的是，图7、图8以包括两个射线源为例进行示例说明，本发明实施例对射线源、成像通道、散射通道等位置、布局和结构等不做具体限定，此外，射线源的数量也不做限定，例如射线源可以是单颗源也可以是多源等。屏蔽体可以对射线源进行屏蔽，其一般采用铅等屏蔽效果较好的物质形成，本发明实施例优选的，散射靶对射线束的衰减系数小于屏蔽体对述射线束的衰减系数，以保证射线束经过散射靶散射后的射线束能量不会太小，以便用于病灶的照射成像。
本发明实施例提供的屏蔽体，包括射线源安装孔、散射靶区、散射通道以及成像通道；射线源安装孔用于安装射线源，散射靶区用于安装散射靶，散射靶对射线束的衰减系数小于屏蔽体对述射线束的衰减系数。散射通道的两端分别与射线源安装孔以及散射靶区连通；成像通道的一端与散射靶区连通。位于射线源安装孔的射线源发出的射线束经过散射通道照射在散射靶区的散射靶上，经散射靶散射的射线束再从成像通道发出。由于散射靶散射的射线束的能量比射线源发出 的射线束的能量低，因此，利用该散射的射线束穿过患者的病灶成型，患者接收的辐射剂量低，且所成图像的对比度高，能够更加清楚的显示患者的病灶。
本发明实施例提供的一种屏蔽体包括一个散射源安装孔以及至少一个散射通道，多个散射通道与该散射源安装孔连通。设置在散射源安装孔的射线源通过多个散射通道射向散射靶，从而可以通过散射通道的个数调整到达散射靶的能量，以进一步调整用于成像的射线束的能量。
示例的，屏蔽体包括一个散射源安装孔，即包括该屏蔽体的治疗设备包括一个射线源，以射线源为钴-60为例，包括该屏蔽体的治疗设备可以是还包括准直器以及多叶光栅，射线源发出的放射线从准直器发出将射线源转化为点源，多叶光栅可以根据肿瘤形状进行适形，从而可以实现适形调强放射治疗。
本发明实施例提供的一种屏蔽体包括多个散射源安装孔以及多个散射通道，至少一个散射源安装孔与一个或多个散射通道连通。例如，屏蔽体包括十个散射源安装孔，可以是仅一个散射源安装孔与散射通道连通，避免多个散射源安装孔均与散射靶连通，导致散射靶散射的射线束依然具有较大剂量的问题。当然，该一个散射源安装孔可以是与一个散射通道连通，或者是与多个散射通过连通，从而可以进一步调整散射靶处的射线束的能量。
本发明实施例提供的一种屏蔽体包括多个散射通道以及一个散射靶区，多个散射通道与散射靶区连通。示例的，如图7、图8所示，以两个散射源安装孔为例，两个散射源安装孔分别与一个散射通道连通，两个散射通道与一个散射靶连通，从而位于散射靶区的散射靶接收不同散射通道的射线束。
本发明实施例提供的一种屏蔽体包括多个散射靶区以及至少一个成像通道，多个散射靶区与同一成像通道连通。例如，散射靶区的散射靶为铅，则散射靶散射后的射线束的能量非常小，从而可以将多个散射靶散射的射线束通过同一成像通道发出，以增大散射射线束的能量。
本发明实施例提供的一种屏蔽体包括一个散射靶区以及多个成 像通道，散射靶区与多个成像通道中的至少一个连通。多个成像通道发出的射线束可以是相交于靶区，从而可以通过控制探测器依次接收各成像通道的射线束，从而可以用于形成病灶的三维图像。
本发明实施例提供了一种屏蔽体，其特征在于，屏蔽体还包括散射开关机构，散射开关机构用于打开或关闭射线源安装孔、散射靶区、散射通道以及成像通道之间的连通状态；或者，散射开关机构用于打开或关闭成像通道的另一端。
具体的，由于散射通道的两端分别与射线源安装孔以及散射靶区连通，成像通道的一端与散射靶区连通，则射线源安装孔、散射通道、散射靶区以及成像通道为连通状态，散射开关机构用于打开或关闭射线源安装孔、散射靶区、散射通道以及成像通道之间的连通状态，即可以是打开或关闭射线源安装孔与散射靶区的连通状态，或者，打开或关闭散射靶区与散射通道的连通状态，或者，散射通道与成像通道的连通状态，本发明实施对其不做具体限定。
当然，散射开关机构用于打开或关闭成像通道的另一端，即打开或关闭成像通道，从而使得放射线发出或将其屏蔽。
示例的，散射开关机构可以是利用错位形成关闭，或者，还可以是利用其它挡块形成关闭等，本发明实施例对散射开关机构的具体实现方式不做限定。
散射射线的能量和强度除与来自射线源初始射线的能量(即本发明实施例中的第一能量)有关外，还与成像通道与射束通道的夹角α有关。本发明实施例中对成像通道与射束通道的夹角α不做限定，但优选如图7、图8所示，散射通道33与成像通道34的夹角α小于90°。根据康普顿散射的原理，散射后波长的改变量随散射方向和入射方向之间的夹角及图7、图8所示的夹角φ的增大而增加。即散射方向和入射方向的夹角越大，散射后的射束波长越大、能量越小。参照图7、图8所示，本实施例中，相对于α>90°，在α<90°的情况下，散射的光子能量更低，成像质量更高，患者所接受的成像剂量也更低。
本发明实施例提供的一种屏蔽体，成像通道与散射靶区连通的一端开口小于另一端开口。如图7、图8所示，成像通道的开口为锥形开口，从而散射靶发出的散射线为向外发散的射线束。
此外，散射通道与散射靶区连通的一端开口小于另一端开口。
本发明实施例提供了一种治疗头11，如图9所示，包括：射线源1、散射靶2以及本发明实施例提供的任一的屏蔽体3，射线源1位于屏蔽体3的射线源安装孔，散射靶2位于屏蔽体的散射靶区。
本发明实施例提供的一种治疗头，如图9所示，还包括准直器4，准直器4包括准直器主体41、设置在准直器主体41上的多个准直孔42以及成像孔43；射线源1发出的射线束从准直孔42发出，以用于对患者进行治疗。如图9所示的箭头移动准直器4，从而使得散射靶2散射的射线束从成像孔42发出，以利用散射靶散射的放射进行病灶的成像。
在图9所示的治疗头中，准直器4上的成像孔43与成像通道34位置错开，从而通过移动移动准直器4，可以使得成像孔43与成像通道34对齐，从而使得散射靶2散射的射线束从成像孔42发出。相当于通过准直器4的移动打开或关闭成像通道34，以使得散射靶2散射的射线束用于病灶10的成像或被准直器4屏蔽。当然，散射靶散射的射线束能否用于成像的方式由多种，也不局限于图9所示。示例的，在屏蔽体还包括散射开关机构的情况下，成像孔也可以是直接与成像通道的开口对齐。
如图10所示，为本发明实施例提供的另一种控制散射靶散射的射线束能否用于成像的方式，治疗头11还包括挡块5，且成像孔43与成像通道34对齐，从而通过移动挡块5使得散射靶2散射的射线束用于病灶10的成像或被挡块5屏蔽。
本发明实施例提供了一种治疗头，还包括过滤层，用于对射线源发出的射线束在照射在病灶之前，改变射线束的光谱和/或散射强度。
示例的，过滤层可以是位于屏蔽体上；或者，过滤层可以是位于屏蔽体和准直器之间；或者，过滤层可以是位于准直器上。
本发明实施例提供了一种治疗设备，包括本发明实施例提供的任一的治疗头以及探测器；治疗头的射线源发出射线束；探测器用于接收经过人体病灶的射线束，并根据接收的射线束建立病灶的图像。
需要说明的是探测器一般包括探测器平板，该探测器平板一般包 括多个小的像素平板，像素平板阵列排布，每个像素平板均可以接收射线束，探测器对各像素平板接收的射线束进行数据处理，建立病灶的图像。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种利用射线源进行成像的方法，应用于治疗设备，所述治疗设备包括射线源，其特征在于，所述成像方法包括：
    所述射线源发出具有第一能量的射线束；
    对所述射线源发出的射线束进行一级散射，发出具有第二能量的射线束，所述具有第二能量的射线束穿过人体病灶；其中，所述第二能量小于所述第一能量；
    接收穿过人体病灶的射线束；
    根据接收的射线束建立病灶的图像。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的成像方法，其特征在于，所述治疗设备还包括散射靶；所述对射线源发出的射线束进行一级散射，发出具有第二能量的射线束具体包括：
    具有第一能量的射线束照射在所述散射靶上，经所述散射靶散射发出具有第二能量的射线束。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的成像方法，其特征在于，在所述接收穿过人体病灶的射线束之前，所述方法还包括：
    对射线束进行过滤，以改变射线束的光谱和/或散射强度。
  4. 一种屏蔽体，其特征在于，所述屏蔽体包括射线源安装孔、散射靶区、散射通道以及成像通道；其中，所述射线源安装孔用于安装射线源，所述散射靶区用于安装散射靶；
    所述散射通道的两端分别与所述射线源安装孔以及所述散射靶区连通；所述成像通道的一端与所述散射靶区连通；
    位于所述射线源安装孔的射线源发出的射线束经过散射通道照射在所述散射靶区的散射靶上，再从所述成像通道发出。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的屏蔽体，其特征在于，所述屏蔽体包括一个散射源安装孔以及至少一个散射通道，所述多个散射通道与所述至少一个散射源安装孔连通；或者，
    所述屏蔽体包括多个散射源安装孔以及多个散射通道，至少一个所述散射源安装孔与一个或多个散射通道连通；或者，
    所述屏蔽体包括多个散射通道以及一个散射靶区，多个所述散射通道与所述散射靶区连通；或者，
    所述屏蔽体包括多个散射靶区以及至少一个成像通道，多个所述散射靶区与同一成像通道连通；或者，
    所述屏蔽体包括一个散射靶区以及多个成像通道，所述散射靶区 与所述多个成像通道中的至少一个连通。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的屏蔽体，其特征在于，所述屏蔽体还包括散射开关机构，所述散射开关机构用于打开或关闭所述射线源安装孔、散射靶区、散射通道以及成像通道之间的连通状态；或者，
    所述散射开关机构用于打开或关闭所述成像通道的另一端。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的屏蔽体，其特征在于，所述散射通道与所述成像通道的夹角小于90°。
  8. 一种治疗头，其特征在于，包括：射线源、散射靶以及如权利要求4-7任一项所述的屏蔽体，所述射线源位于所述屏蔽体的射线源安装孔，所述散射靶位于所述屏蔽体的散射靶区。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的治疗头，其特征在于，所述治疗头还包括准直器，所述准直器包括准直器主体、设置在所述准直器主体上的多个准直孔以及成像孔；
    射线源发出的射线束从所述准直孔发出，散射靶散射的射线束从所述成像孔发出。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的治疗头，其特征在于，所述治疗头还包括过滤层，用于对射线源发出的射线束在照射在病灶之前，改变射线束的光谱和/或散射强度。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的治疗头，其特征在于，所述过滤层位于所述屏蔽体上；或者，
    所述过滤层位于所述屏蔽体和所述准直器之间；或者，
    所述过滤层位于所述准直器上。
  12. 一种治疗设备，其特征在于，包括权利要求8-11任一项所述的治疗头以及探测器；
    所述治疗头的射线源可发出射线束；
    所述探测器用于接收经过人体病灶的射线束，并根据接收的射线束建立病灶的图像。
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