WO2017215396A1 - 虚拟曲面显示面板及显示装置 - Google Patents

虚拟曲面显示面板及显示装置 Download PDF

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WO2017215396A1
WO2017215396A1 PCT/CN2017/084688 CN2017084688W WO2017215396A1 WO 2017215396 A1 WO2017215396 A1 WO 2017215396A1 CN 2017084688 W CN2017084688 W CN 2017084688W WO 2017215396 A1 WO2017215396 A1 WO 2017215396A1
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display panel
grating
virtual curved
grating structures
curved display
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PCT/CN2017/084688
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English (en)
French (fr)
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谭纪风
王维
杨亚锋
高健
陈小川
张粲
王灿
王倩
马新利
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to US15/572,762 priority Critical patent/US10197850B2/en
Publication of WO2017215396A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017215396A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/29—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the position or the direction of light beams, i.e. deflection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
    • G02B5/1842—Gratings for image generation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
    • G02B5/1866—Transmission gratings characterised by their structure, e.g. step profile, contours of substrate or grooves, pitch variations, materials
    • G02B5/1871—Transmissive phase gratings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133504—Diffusing, scattering, diffracting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/301—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements flexible foldable or roll-able electronic displays, e.g. thin LCD, OLED
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/35—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a virtual curved display panel and a display device.
  • the curved display can better satisfy people's visual experience. Using the curved display, the user's visual experience can be more comfortable, and the painting is more realistic, which can bring better immersive effect.
  • a curved display panel is usually formed by physically mechanically bending a flat display panel, but the manner of realizing the curved surface display may cause leakage of the display panel and abnormal color display due to deformation of the edge portion. .
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a virtual curved surface display panel and a display device for displaying a screen effect of a virtual curved surface on a flat display.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a virtual curved display panel, including: a flat display panel having a plurality of pixel units arranged in a matrix, and a method for causing images formed by the plurality of pixel units to form a curved surface
  • An array of grating structures wherein the array of grating structures comprises a plurality of grating structures arranged in an array; an imaging height of each of the grating structures is symmetrically distributed with respect to a vertical axis of symmetry of the display surface; and is located on the same side of the axis of symmetry In each of the grating structures, the imaging heights of the grating structures having the same distance from the symmetry axis are the same, and the imaging heights of the grating structures having different distances from the symmetry axis are not equal to each other.
  • the virtual surface provided by the embodiment of the present invention In the display panel, the imaging height of each of the grating structures is sequentially increased as the distance between the grating structure and the symmetry axis increases.
  • the imaging height of each of the grating structures increases as the grating period increases.
  • one sub-pixel unit in the flat display panel and one grating structure in the array of the grating structure are respectively in one-to-one correspondence;
  • one pixel unit in the planar display panel has a one-to-one correspondence with one of the grating structures.
  • each of the grating structures includes: a plurality of grating steps having different heights arranged closely.
  • the number of the grating steps included in one grating structure is 3-100.
  • a phase difference between each grating step corresponding to different sub-pixel units in the grating structure is ⁇ 7/6- ⁇ 3/ 2.
  • the grating step height ranges from 0 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the flat display panel is any one of a liquid crystal display panel, an electroluminescence display panel, a plasma display panel, or an electronic paper. .
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a display device, which comprises the virtual curved surface display panel provided by the embodiment of the invention.
  • the imaging height of each grating structure is designed to be symmetrically distributed with respect to a vertical symmetry axis of the display surface by using a light splitting principle of the grating structure.
  • the imaging heights of the grating structures having the same distance from the symmetry axis are the same, and the imaging heights of the grating structures having different distances from the symmetry axis are not equal to each other.
  • the plurality of images are made
  • the image formed by the prime unit forms a curved surface, which realizes the effect of displaying the virtual curved surface on the flat display, and enhances the visual impact effect of the viewing.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a virtual curved surface display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of diffraction of each stage of the grating structure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a principle of using a third-order grating in a virtual curved surface display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS. 4a to 4d are respectively a schematic structural view of a virtual curved display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein a liquid crystal display panel is used as a flat display panel;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a virtual curved display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein an electroluminescent display panel is used as a flat display panel.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a virtual curved display panel.
  • the virtual curved display panel includes: a flat display panel 100 having a plurality of pixel units arranged in a matrix, and a grating structure for causing images formed by the plurality of pixel units to form a curved surface Array 200.
  • the grating structure array 200 includes a plurality of grating structures 210 arranged in an array; the imaging height of each grating structure 210 is symmetrically distributed with respect to a vertical axis of symmetry of the display surface.
  • the imaging heights of the grating structures 210 having the same distance from the symmetry axis are the same, and the imaging heights of the grating structures 210 having different distances from the symmetry axis are not equal to each other.
  • the vertical symmetry axis refers to an axis of symmetry in the vertical direction and parallel to the display surface (indicated by an arrow perpendicular to the paper surface in FIG. 1).
  • the axis of symmetry divides the display surface into two regions that are bilaterally symmetrical.
  • the position of the grating structure 210 of the imaging height Z4 is the position of the axis of symmetry.
  • imaging height refers to the imaging of a grating structure that occurs at a distance from the grating when a plane wave is incident on a periodic grating structure, this distance being referred to as the imaging height.
  • the setting position of the grating structure array 200 is not limited in the above-mentioned virtual curved display panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the grating structure array 200 may be disposed outside the flat display panel 100, for example, disposed on the light emitting surface of the flat display panel 100 as shown in FIG. 4a and FIG. 5, or disposed on the flat display panel 100 and the backlight module as shown in FIG. 4b. Between group 006.
  • the grating structure array 200 can also be disposed inside the flat display panel 100 as shown in FIG. 4c and FIG. 4d, which is not limited herein.
  • the grating structure array 200 may be disposed in the forward direction as shown in FIG. 4a and FIG. 4c, or may be reversely disposed as shown in FIG. 4b and FIG. 4d, which is not limited herein.
  • the virtual curved surface display panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention utilizes the diffraction effect of the grating structure 210 to adjust the imaging height of each of the grating structures 210 so that the image distances of the pixel units in the planar display panel 100 are different, so that the multiple
  • the image formed by the pixel units constitutes a curved surface, which realizes the effect of displaying the virtual curved surface on the flat display, and enhances the visual impact effect of the viewing.
  • the imaging height Z of each grating structure 210 follows the grating structure 210 and the axis of symmetry. The distance increases in order.
  • the axis of symmetry (indicated by the arrow perpendicular to the plane of the paper) is located at the grating structure 210 of the imaging height Z4, Z4 ⁇ Z3 ⁇ Z2 ⁇ Z1.
  • the imaging height Z of the grating structure is related to the incident light wavelength ⁇ and the grating period ⁇ , as follows:
  • the grating period refers to the distance from one grating structure to the adjacent next grating structure.
  • the refractive index of the grating structure 210 and the surrounding medium is constant, and for a specific wavelength, the imaging height Z of each grating structure 210 increases as the grating period ⁇ increases. Therefore, different imaging heights Z of the respective grating structures 210 can be determined by setting the grating period ⁇ of the different grating structures 210 within the range allowed by the diffraction effect of the grating structure 210.
  • the imaging surface position of each pixel unit can be specifically designed according to the curved surface effect, that is, the radius of curvature, and then various parameters of the grating structure are designed by using the diffraction and interference effects of the grating structure.
  • the various parameters include: grating period, grating The number of steps, the minimum height difference between the grating steps, and the refractive index difference between the grating steps and the surrounding medium.
  • the imaging height of each pixel unit in space is different, thereby realizing a virtual curved surface display.
  • the amount of depression of a flat display panel of different aspect ratios at different curvature radii R is shown in Table 1.
  • the amount of depression refers to the difference in height between the edge and the center of the flat display panel during physical bending.
  • the amount of depression required for each pixel unit can be determined, thereby obtaining the imaging height Z of the grating structure corresponding to each pixel unit.
  • one sub-pixel unit R, G, or B in the planar display panel 100 may have a one-to-one correspondence with one of the grating structures 210 in the array of grating structures 200.
  • one pixel unit RGB shown by reference numeral 110
  • one grating structure 210 corresponds to one pixel unit RGB.
  • each of the grating structures 210 is composed of a plurality of grating steps having different heights arranged closely.
  • the grating steps constituting one grating structure 210 may have the same or different heights. Also, there may be a case where the height of the grating step is zero.
  • h is the height of the grating step
  • n1 is the refractive index of the grating step
  • n0 is the refractive index of the air.
  • m 1, 3, 5...
  • the easy-to-implement interference of the ⁇ 1 order diffraction is long, and the 0-order diffraction interference is canceled to achieve the purpose of spectroscopic.
  • the diffraction and interference effects of the grating structure can be utilized to design the heights of the different grating steps to realize the control of the diffracted ray, and the sub-pixel unit R, G or B in one pixel unit RGB is ensured while achieving the purpose of spectroscopy.
  • the emitted monochromatic lights ie, their images) are at the same height.
  • each of the grating structures 210 corresponding to different sub-pixel units
  • the phase difference between the grating steps is ⁇ 7/6- ⁇ 3/2.
  • the splitting effect is ideal.
  • one grating structure includes a number of grating steps of 3-100.
  • the number of grating steps is 3, that is, the grating structure is a third-order grating.
  • one grating step corresponds to one sub-pixel unit R, G or B.
  • the phase difference is ⁇ 4/ 3
  • brought into the above formula to get the following formula:
  • ⁇ r , ⁇ g , ⁇ b are wavelengths of red, green, and blue light; h 1 , h 2 , and h 3 are heights of the three steps, respectively; m 1, r is a step of height h 1 Corresponding to the diffraction order of red light, m 1, g is a step of height h 1 corresponding to the diffraction order of green light, and m 1b is a diffraction order of height h 1 corresponding to the diffraction order of blue light; m 2 r is a diffraction order of height h 2 corresponding to the diffraction order of red light, m 2, g is a step of height h 2 corresponding to the diffraction order of green light, and m 2, b is a step corresponding to height h 2 The diffraction order of the blue light; wherein the steps of height h 3 correspond to the order of diffraction of red, green and blue light of 0.
  • a grating structure contains more than three grating steps and one grating structure corresponds to one pixel unit, all the grating steps can be partitioned according to the sub-pixel unit.
  • a part of the area corresponds to the red sub-pixel unit, a part of the area corresponds to the blue sub-pixel unit, and a part of the area corresponds to the green sub-pixel unit.
  • the height of the grating step ranges from 0 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the height difference between two directly adjacent grating steps ranges from 10 nm to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the flat display panel 100 may be any one of a liquid crystal display panel, an electroluminescence display panel, a plasma display panel, or an electronic paper. 4a to 4d, a description will be given of a case where the flat display panel 100 is a liquid crystal display panel.
  • the liquid crystal display panel includes: an upper substrate 001 and a lower substrate 002 opposite to each other, a liquid crystal layer 003 between the upper substrate 001 and the lower substrate 002, an upper polarizer 004 attached to the upper substrate 001, and an attached The lower polarizer 005 below the lower substrate 002 and the backlight module 006 disposed under the lower polarizer 005.
  • the side of the upper polarizer 004 serves as a light-emitting surface which is a display surface of the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the grating structure array 200 can be disposed on the upper polarizer 004.
  • the light emitted by the backlight module 006 is modulated by the liquid crystal layer 003 and exits from one side of the upper polarizer 004, and passes through gratings having different imaging heights in the grating structure array 200.
  • FIG. 5 is an example in which the flat display panel 100 is an electroluminescent display panel.
  • the electroluminescent display panel includes an anode 008, a light emitting layer 009, a cathode 010, and a cover 011 disposed on the back plate 007. .
  • the pixel units are not shown in Figures 4a-4d and Figure 5, however those skilled in the art will appreciate that, similar to the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the planes shown in Figures 4a-4d and Figure 5 are shown.
  • a plurality of pixel units may be disposed to correspond to the plurality of grating structures 210 one by one.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a display device, which includes the virtual curved surface display panel provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and the display device may be: a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a display, a notebook computer, and a digital device. Any product or component that has a display function, such as a photo frame or a navigator.
  • the display device reference may be made to the embodiment of the virtual curved display panel described above, and the repeated description is omitted.
  • the imaging height of each grating structure is designed to be symmetrically distributed with respect to a vertical symmetry axis of the display surface by using a light splitting principle of the grating structure.
  • the imaging heights of the grating structures having the same distance from the symmetry axis are the same, and the imaging heights of the grating structures having different distances from the symmetry axis are not equal to each other.
  • the imaging height of each grating structure By adjusting the imaging height of each grating structure, the image distances formed by the pixel units in the flat display panel are different, so that the images formed by the plurality of pixel units form a curved surface, thereby realizing the display of the virtual curved surface on the planar display.
  • the effect enhances the visual impact of viewing.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

Abstract

一种虚拟曲面显示面板（100）及显示装置。利用光栅结构的分光原理，将各光栅结构（210）的成像高度（Z1,Z2,Z3,Z4）设计成相对于显示面的竖直对称轴呈对称分布。位于对称轴同一侧的各光栅结构(210)中，与对称轴距离相等的各光栅结构(210)的成像高度（Z1,Z2,Z3,Z4）相同，与对称轴距离不等的各光栅结构(210)的成像高度（Z1,Z2,Z3,Z4）互不相等。通过调整各光栅结构(210)的成像高度（Z1,Z2,Z3,Z4）从而使平面显示面板（100）中各像素单元所成像的像距不同，使得所述多个像素单元所成的像构成一曲面，实现了在平面显示上显示虚拟曲面的画面效果，增强了观看的视觉冲击效果。

Description

虚拟曲面显示面板及显示装置
相关申请
本申请要求保护在2016年6月15日提交的申请号为201610425511.7的中国专利申请的优先权，该申请的全部内容以引用的方式结合到本文中。
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种虚拟曲面显示面板及显示装置。
背景技术
曲面显示屏更能满足人们的视觉感受，使用曲面显示，可以让用户的视觉体验更加舒适，画面临场感更逼真，可带来较佳的沉浸式效果。
现有技术为了实现曲面显示，通常通过对平面显示面板进行物理机械弯曲而形成曲面显示面板，但这种实现曲面显示的方式由于边缘部分的变形，会造成显示面板的漏光以及色彩显示异常等问题。
另外，现有技术为了实现曲面显示，显示面板内部的诸多模组都得有柔性的设计，这样产品的良率较低，相应的产品的成本较高。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明实施例提供了一种虚拟曲面显示面板及显示装置，用以在平面显示上显示出虚拟曲面的画面效果。
因此，本发明实施例提供了一种虚拟曲面显示面板，包括：具有呈矩阵排布的多个像素单元的平面显示面板，以及用于使得所述多个像素单元所成的像构成一曲面的光栅结构阵列；其中，所述光栅结构阵列包括呈阵列排布的多个光栅结构；各所述光栅结构的成像高度相对于显示面的竖直对称轴呈对称分布；位于所述对称轴同一侧的各所述光栅结构中，与所述对称轴距离相等的各所述光栅结构的成像高度相同，与所述对称轴距离不等的各所述光栅结构的成像高度互不相等。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面 显示面板中，各所述光栅结构的成像高度随着所述光栅结构与所述对称轴距离的增大而依次递增。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，各所述光栅结构的成像高度随着光栅周期的增大而增大。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，所述平面显示面板中的一个子像素单元与所述光栅结构阵列中的一个光栅结构分别一一对应；或，所述平面显示面板中的一个像素单元与所述光栅结构阵列中的一个光栅结构分别一一对应。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，各所述光栅结构包括：紧密排列的具有不同高度的多个光栅台阶。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，一个所述光栅结构包含的所述光栅台阶的数量为3-100。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，所述光栅结构中对应于不同子像素单元的各光栅台阶之间的位相差为π7/6-π3/2。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，所述光栅台阶高度范围为0-10μm。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，在各所述光栅结构中，直接相邻的两个光栅台阶之间的高度差范围为10nm-10μm。
在一种可能的实现方式中，在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，所述平面显示面板为液晶显示面板、电致发光显示面板、等离子显示面板或电子纸中的任意一种。
本发明实施例还提供了一种显示装置，包括本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板。
在本发明实施例提供的一种虚拟曲面显示面板及显示装置中，利用光栅结构的分光原理，将各光栅结构的成像高度设计成相对于显示面的竖直对称轴呈对称分布。位于对称轴同一侧的各光栅结构中，与对称轴距离相等的各光栅结构的成像高度相同，与对称轴距离不等的各光栅结构的成像高度互不相等。通过调整各光栅结构的成像高度从而使平面显示面板中各像素单元所成像的像距不同，使得所述多个像 素单元所成的像构成一曲面，实现了在平面显示上显示虚拟曲面的画面效果，增强了观看的视觉冲击效果。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的虚拟曲面显示面板的结构示意图；
图2为光栅结构各级衍射的原理示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的虚拟曲面显示面板中采用三阶光栅的原理示意图；
图4a至图4d分别示出了本发明实施例提供的虚拟曲面显示面板的结构示意图，其中使用液晶显示面板作为平面显示面板；以及
图5为本发明实施例提供的虚拟曲面显示面板的结构示意图，其中使用电致发光显示面板作为平面显示面板。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对本发明实施例提供的虚拟曲面显示面板及显示装置的具体实施方式进行详细地说明。
附图中各部件的形状和大小不反映虚拟曲面显示面板的真实比例，目的只是示意说明本发明内容。
本发明实施例提供了一种虚拟曲面显示面板。如图1所示，所述虚拟曲面显示面板包括：具有呈矩阵排布的多个像素单元的平面显示面板100，以及用于使得所述多个像素单元所成的像构成一曲面的光栅结构阵列200。其中，光栅结构阵列200包括呈阵列排布的多个光栅结构210；各光栅结构210的成像高度相对于显示面的竖直对称轴呈对称分布。位于对称轴同一侧的各光栅结构210中，与对称轴距离相等的各光栅结构210的成像高度相同，与对称轴距离不等的各光栅结构210的成像高度互不相等。其中，所述竖直对称轴指的是在竖直方向上且平行于所述显示面的对称轴(在图1中以垂直于纸面的箭头所示)。该对称轴将显示面分为左右对称的两个区域。例如在图1中，成像高度为Z4的光栅结构210所在位置为对称轴的位置。在本公开的上下文中，成像高度指的是：当一束平面波入射到一周期性的光栅结构时，该光栅结构的成像会在离光栅的某一距离出现，这个距离称为成像高度。
在具体实施时，在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中并不限定光栅结构阵列200的设置位置。具体地，光栅结构阵列200可以设置于平面显示面板100的外部，例如图4a和图5所示设置在平面显示面板100的出光面，或者如图4b所示设置在平面显示面板100与背光模组006之间。光栅结构阵列200也可以如图4c和图4d所示设置于平面显示面板100的内部，在此不做限定。并且，光栅结构阵列200可以如图4a和图4c所示正向设置，也可以如图4b和图4d所示反向设置，在此不做限定。
本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板，利用光栅结构210的衍射效应，通过调整各光栅结构210的成像高度从而使平面显示面板100中各像素单元所成像的像距不同，使得所述多个像素单元所成的像构成一曲面，实现了在平面显示上显示虚拟曲面的画面效果，增强了观看的视觉冲击效果。
在具体实施时，为了能够达到理想的曲面显示效果，在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，如图1所示，各光栅结构210的成像高度Z随着光栅结构210与对称轴距离的增大而依次递增。如图1所示，对称轴(以垂直于纸面的箭头所示)位于成像高度为Z4的光栅结构210处，Z4＜Z3＜Z2＜Z1。
具体地，根据光栅结构210的成像高度原理，光栅结构的成像高度Z与入射光波长λ和光栅周期α有关，如下公式：
Figure PCTCN2017084688-appb-000001
其中，光栅周期指的是一个光栅结构到相邻的下一个光栅结构的距离。根据上述公式可知，在入射光波长λ一定的情况下，光栅周期α越大，成像高度Z越高。在上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，光栅结构210与周围介质的折射率一定，对于特定的波长，各光栅结构210的成像高度Z随着光栅周期α的增大而增大。因此，可以在光栅结构210的衍射效应允许的范围内通过设置不同的光栅结构210的光栅周期α，来确定各光栅结构210不同的成像高度Z。
在具体实施时，可以根据需要实现的曲面效果即曲率半径，具体设计每个像素单元的成像位置，之后利用光栅结构的衍射和干涉效应，通过设计光栅结构的多种参数。所述多种参数包括：光栅周期、光栅 台阶数、光栅台阶之间最小高度差、光栅台阶与周围介质的折射率差。由此，每个像素单元在空间的成像高度不同，从而实现虚拟的曲面显示。例如表1中示出了不同长宽比的平面显示面板在不同曲率半径R下的下压量，下压量指的是平面显示面板在物理弯曲时边缘与中心之间的高度差。
表1
Figure PCTCN2017084688-appb-000002
根据上表可知，在曲率半径一定时，可以确定得到每个像素单元所需的下压量，从而得到每个像素单元所对应的光栅结构的成像高度Z。
在具体实施时，在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，平面显示面板100中的一个子像素单元R、G或B可以与光栅结构阵列200中的一个光栅结构210分别一一对应；或者，可选地，如图1所示，平面显示面板100中的一个像素单元RGB(以附图标记110示出)与光栅结构阵列200中的一个光栅结构210分别一一对应。下面均是以一个光栅结构210对应一个像素单元RGB为例进行说明。
在具体实施时，在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，如图1所示，各光栅结构210是由紧密排列的具有不同高度的多个光栅台阶组成。
值得注意的是，组成一个光栅结构210的各光栅台阶可以具有相同或不同的高度。并且，可能存在光栅台阶的高度为0的情况。
具体地，在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，可以通过调节各光栅台阶之间的高度，利用光栅台阶的干涉，如图2所示，实现光栅结构对于0级衍射和1级衍射强度的调节。例如利用相消干 涉公式：h(n1-n0)＝mλ/2，即λ＝2h(n1-n0)/m可知，当m＝1，3，5......时，0级衍射出现在透射谷，±1级衍射出现在透射峰。利用相长干涉公式：h(n1-n0)＝mλ，即λ＝h(n1-n0)/m可知，当m＝1，2，3......时，0级衍射出现在透射峰，±1级衍射出现在透射谷。其中，h为光栅台阶的高度，n1为光栅台阶的折射率，n0为空气的折射率。在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，一般选用m＝1，3，5......使0级衍射出现在透射谷，±1级衍射出现在透射峰，以便利用最容易实现的±1级衍射的干涉相长，0级衍射干涉相消，来达到分光的目的。
并且，还可以利用光栅结构的衍射和干涉效应，设计不同光栅台阶的高度，来实现对衍射光线的控制，在达到分光目的的同时，保证一个像素单元RGB中各子像素单元R、G或B出射的单色光(即，它们的像)在同一个高度。
具体地，单个光栅台阶的位相
Figure PCTCN2017084688-appb-000003
当子像素单元R、G或B所对应的光栅台阶的位相差相同时，分光出来的子像素单元R、G或B会成像在相同的高度，即当
Figure PCTCN2017084688-appb-000004
ε＝(n1-n0)h/λ为常数时，子像素单元R、G或B会成像在相同的高度。且结合λ＝2h(n1-n0)/m，当m＝1，3，5......时，0级衍射出现在透射谷，1级衍射出现在透射峰，可得ε＝m/2，m为奇数时，可以分光且子像素单元R、G或B会成像在同一个高度。
在具体实施时，为了使光栅结构达到理想的分光效果，在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，通过模拟和优化，可选地，光栅结构210中对应于不同子像素单元的各光栅台阶之间的位相差为π7/6-π3/2。其中，可选地，当m＝1/3，相位差为π4/3时，分光效果是理想的。
在具体实施时，在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，可选地，一个光栅结构包含的光栅台阶的数量为3-100。
下面以光栅台阶数量为3，即光栅结构为三阶光栅为例进行说明，如图3所示，一个光栅台阶对应一个子像素单元R、G或B，此时，若令相位差为π4/3，n1＝n，n0＝1，带入以上公式得到如下公式：
Figure PCTCN2017084688-appb-000005
其中，λr、λg、λb为红光、绿光、蓝光的波长；h1、h2和h3分别为所述三个台阶的高度；m1，r是高度为h1的台阶对应于红光的衍射级次，m1，g是高度为h1的台阶对应于绿光的衍射级次，m1，b是高度为h1的台阶对应于蓝光的衍射级次；m2，r是高度为h2的台阶对应于红光的衍射级次，m2，g是高度为h2的台阶对应于绿光的衍射级次，m2，b是高度为h2的台阶对应于蓝光的衍射级次；其中高度为h3的台阶对应于红光、绿光和蓝光的衍射级次均为0级。令λr＝630nm，λg＝540nm，λb＝450nm，可以推导出三个光栅台阶的高度差h1-h3＝2.05μm，h2-h3＝3.72μm；取h3＝0时，可得h1＝2.05，h2＝3.72。
当一个光栅结构包含的光栅台阶多于三个，且一个光栅结构对应一个像素单元时，可以根据子像素单元对所有的光栅台阶进行分区。一部分区域对应红色子像素单元，一部分区域对应蓝色子像素单元，一部分区域对应绿色子像素单元。
具体实施时，在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，可选地，光栅台阶高度范围为0-10μm。
在具体实施时，在本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，在各光栅结构210中，可选地，直接相邻的两个光栅台阶之间的高度差范围为10nm-10μm。
在具体实施时，本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板中，所述平面显示面板100可以为液晶显示面板、电致发光显示面板、等离子显示面板或电子纸中的任意一种。在图4a至图4d中是以平面显示面板100为液晶显示面板为例进行说明。其中，液晶显示面板包括：相对而置的上基板001和下基板002、在上基板001和下基板002之间的液晶层003、贴附在上基板001之上的上偏光片004、贴附在下基板002下方的下偏光片005、以及设置在下偏光片005下方的背光模组006。 上偏光片004一侧作为液晶显示面板的显示面即出光面。光栅结构阵列200可以设置在上偏光片004之上，背光模组006发出的光线经过液晶层003的调制后从上偏光片004的一侧出射，经过光栅结构阵列200中具有不同成像高度的光栅结构210的衍射后成像。在图5中是以平面显示面板100为电致发光显示面板为例进行说明，其中，电致发光显示面板包括：设置在背板007上的阳极008、发光层009、阴极010和盖板011。为简化起见，未在图4a-4d和图5中示出像素单元，然而本领域技术人员能够理解，类似于图1所示的实施例，在图4a-4d和图5所示的平面显示面板100中，多个像素单元可以设置为一一对应于多个光栅结构210。
基于同一发明构思，本发明实施例还提供了一种显示装置，包括本发明实施例提供的上述虚拟曲面显示面板，该显示装置可以为：手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。该显示装置的实施可以参见上述虚拟曲面显示面板的实施例，重复之处不再赘述。
在本发明实施例提供的一种虚拟曲面显示面板及显示装置中，利用光栅结构的分光原理，将各光栅结构的成像高度设计成相对于显示面的竖直对称轴呈对称分布。位于对称轴同一侧的各光栅结构中，与对称轴距离相等的各光栅结构的成像高度相同，与对称轴距离不等的各光栅结构的成像高度互不相等。通过调整各光栅结构的成像高度从而使平面显示面板中各像素单元所成像的像距不同，使得所述多个像素单元所成的像构成一曲面，实现了在平面显示上显示虚拟曲面的画面效果，增强了观看的视觉冲击效果。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发明的精神和范围。这样，倘若本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种虚拟曲面显示面板，包括：具有呈矩阵排布的多个像素单元的平面显示面板，以及用于使得所述多个像素单元所成的像构成一曲面的光栅结构阵列；其中，
    所述光栅结构阵列包括呈阵列排布的多个光栅结构；各所述光栅结构的成像高度相对于显示面的竖直对称轴呈对称分布；位于所述对称轴同一侧的各所述光栅结构中，与所述对称轴距离相等的各所述光栅结构的成像高度相同，与所述对称轴距离不等的各所述光栅结构的成像高度互不相等。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的虚拟曲面显示面板，其中各所述光栅结构的成像高度随着所述光栅结构与所述对称轴距离的增大而依次递增。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的虚拟曲面显示面板，其中各所述光栅结构的成像高度随着光栅周期的增大而增大。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的虚拟曲面显示面板，其中所述平面显示面板中的一个子像素单元与所述光栅结构阵列中的一个光栅结构分别一一对应；或，所述平面显示面板中的一个像素单元与所述光栅结构阵列中的一个光栅结构分别一一对应。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的虚拟曲面显示面板，其中各所述光栅结构包括：紧密排列的具有不同高度的多个光栅台阶。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的虚拟曲面显示面板，其中一个所述光栅结构包含的所述光栅台阶的数量为3-100。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的虚拟曲面显示面板，其中所述光栅结构中对应于不同子像素单元的各光栅台阶之间的位相差为π7/6-π3/2。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的虚拟曲面显示面板，其中所述光栅台阶高度范围为0-10μm。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的虚拟曲面显示面板，其中在各所述光栅结构中，直接相邻的两个光栅台阶之间的高度差范围为10nm-10μm。
  10. 如权利要求1-9任一项所述的虚拟曲面显示面板，其中所述平面显示面板为液晶显示面板、电致发光显示面板、等离子显示面板或电子纸中的任意一种。
  11. 一种显示装置，包括如权利要求1-10任一项所述的虚拟曲面显示面板。
PCT/CN2017/084688 2016-06-15 2017-05-17 虚拟曲面显示面板及显示装置 WO2017215396A1 (zh)

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