WO2017214859A1 - 上行数据均衡方法、装置和系统 - Google Patents

上行数据均衡方法、装置和系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017214859A1
WO2017214859A1 PCT/CN2016/085747 CN2016085747W WO2017214859A1 WO 2017214859 A1 WO2017214859 A1 WO 2017214859A1 CN 2016085747 W CN2016085747 W CN 2016085747W WO 2017214859 A1 WO2017214859 A1 WO 2017214859A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
onu
message
preamble
olt
uplink
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PCT/CN2016/085747
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郑建宇
李胜平
吴徐明
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP16904977.2A priority Critical patent/EP3461034B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/085747 priority patent/WO2017214859A1/zh
Priority to CN201680085334.0A priority patent/CN109075861B/zh
Publication of WO2017214859A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017214859A1/zh
Priority to US16/218,665 priority patent/US10506313B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/27—Arrangements for networking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q11/0067—Provisions for optical access or distribution networks, e.g. Gigabit Ethernet Passive Optical Network (GE-PON), ATM-based Passive Optical Network (A-PON), PON-Ring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/25—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission
    • H04B10/2507—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion
    • H04B10/2513—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion due to chromatic dispersion
    • H04B10/2525—Arrangements specific to fibre transmission for the reduction or elimination of distortion or dispersion due to chromatic dispersion using dispersion-compensating fibres
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q11/0066—Provisions for optical burst or packet networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0064—Arbitration, scheduling or medium access control aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0079—Operation or maintenance aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0084—Quality of service aspects

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of passive optical network technologies, and in particular, to an uplink data equalization method, apparatus, and system.
  • ISI Inter Symbol Interference
  • the channel equalization technique is a prior art means of suppressing the ISI of a communication system and thereby ensuring linkability. Obviously, it can be applied to high speed PON networks to alleviate ISI problems.
  • the uplink burst mode of the PON network has its particularity compared with the conventional continuous communication data mode, that is, the uplink data is composed of a plurality of discontinuous short-term burst blocks, and each burst block is adjacent thereto.
  • the channel characteristics experienced by other bursts are different. Therefore, in order to equalize each short-term burst block, in the prior art, in the implementation process, the optical line terminal (OLT) must be made by extending the length of the preamble of each short-term burst block.
  • the channel characteristics of each short-term burst block may be extracted one by one according to the extended preamble, and corresponding channel equalization is performed for each short-term burst block accordingly.
  • the above uplink data equalization method includes at least the following problems:
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides an uplink data equalization method, apparatus, and system.
  • the technical solution is as follows:
  • an uplink data equalization method includes:
  • the optical network unit uses the first preamble to transmit the capability information of the ONU to the OLT, and the capability information is used to indicate whether the ONU has the equalization capability.
  • OLT Receive capability information sent by the ONU using the first preamble.
  • the OLT After the OLT receives the capability information, if the capability information indicates that the ONU has the equalization capability, the OLT calculates the tap coefficient according to the received first preamble, and sends the tap coefficient to the ONU. Correspondingly, the ONU receives the tap coefficients fed back by the OLT, and after receiving the tap coefficients, updates the tap coefficients of the first equalizer in the ONU according to the tap coefficients.
  • the ONU After the ONU needs to send the uplink data, the ONU equalizes the uplink data by using the first equalizer, and sends the equalized uplink data to the OLT by using the second preamble.
  • the OLT receives the uplink data sent by the ONU by using the second preamble, and equalizes the received uplink data according to the second preamble by the second equalizer in the OLT.
  • the ONU uses the first preamble to report the capability information to the OLT, so that the OLT can detect whether the ONU balances the equalization capability according to the capability information, and when the detection result is equalized, according to the received first preamble with the channel response.
  • the OLT can balance the uplink data according to the received second preamble with the channel response by using the second equalizer, and solve the higher uplink in the prior art.
  • the problem of overhead the effect of reducing the overhead overhead required.
  • the step before the ONU updates the tap coefficients of the first equalizer according to the tap coefficients may be performed during the ONU going online.
  • the tap coefficients of the first equalizer are updated, so that when the uplink data is sent later, the second preamble with a shorter length can be used to send the uplink data, thereby further reducing the required uplink overhead.
  • the step of the ONU transmitting the capability information to the OLT by using the first preamble may include:
  • the registration request message REGISTER_REQ is sent to the OLT by using the default first preamble, and the REGISTER_REQ carries the capability information.
  • the OLT receives the capability information that the ONU sends by using the first preamble, including:
  • the OLT sends the tap coefficients to the ONU, including:
  • the ONU receives the tap coefficients fed back by the OLT, including:
  • the REGISTER1 carries a tap coefficient; or receives a second acknowledgement authorization message GATE2 sent by the OLT, and the GATE2 carries a tap coefficient.
  • the length and the style of the first preamble and the length and style of the second preamble are delivered to the ONU by the OLT, and Both can be sent simultaneously or separately, so in a third possible implementation of the first aspect,
  • the method also includes:
  • the OLT sends the first downlink message to the ONU; the first downlink message carries the length and style of the first preamble, and the length and style of the second preamble; when the OLT is applied to the GPON system, the first downlink The message is the uplink management message Upstream_Overhead; when the OLT is applied to the XG-PON system, the first downlink message is a parameter set message profile; correspondingly, the ONU receives the first downlink message sent by the OLT; the first downlink message carries The length and style of the first preamble, and the length and pattern of the second preamble; wherein, when the ONU is applied to the GPON system, the first downlink message is an uplink management message Upstream_Overhead; when the ONU is applied to the XG-PON system
  • the first downlink message is a parameter set message profile;
  • the ONU sends the capability information of the ONU to the OLT by using the first preamble, and includes: sending, by using the first preamble, the first uplink message to the OLT according to the first downlink message, where the first uplink message carries the capability information, where the first uplink message is When the ONU registers the message after the first downlink message, the first uplink message is the serial number message Serial_Number_ONU of the ONU or the ranging response message registration; correspondingly, the OLT receives the capability information sent by the ONU by using the first preamble, including: Receiving, by the ONU, the first uplink message that is sent by using the first preamble according to the first downlink message; the first uplink message carries the capability information, where the first uplink message is the message after the first downlink message when the ONU registers to go online, An uplink message is an ONU serial number message Serial_Number_ONU;
  • the OLT sends the tap coefficient to the ONU, including: sending the second downlink message to the ONU; the second downlink message carries the tap coefficient, and the second downlink message is the message after the first uplink message when the ONU registers to go online, and the second downlink message is The ONU identifies the assignment message Assign_ONU-ID, the ranging grant message Request_Registration, or the delay equalization message Ranging_Time.
  • ONU reception The tap coefficients fed by the OLT include: receiving a second downlink message sent by the OLT, where the second downlink message carries a tap coefficient, and the second downlink message is a message that is after the first uplink message when the ONU registers to go online, and the second downlink message is The ONU identifies the assignment message Assign_ONU-ID, the ranging grant message Request_Registration, or the delay equalization message Ranging_Time.
  • the method also includes:
  • the OLT sends the first downlink message to the ONU; the first downlink message carries the length and style of the first preamble; when the OLT is applied to the GPON system, the first downlink message is the uplink management message Upstream_Overhead; when the OLT is applied In the XG-PON system, the first downlink message is a parameter set message profile; correspondingly, the first downlink message sent by the OLT is received; the first downlink message carries the length and style of the first preamble; When the OLT is applied to the GPON system, the first downlink message is an uplink management message Upstream_Overhead; when the OLT is applied to the XG-PON system, the first downlink message is a parameter set message profile;
  • the ONU uses the first preamble to send the capability information of the ONU to the OLT, including:
  • the first uplink message Transmitting, by using the first preamble, the first uplink message to the OLT according to the first downlink message, where the first uplink message carries the capability information, where the first uplink message is the message after the first downlink message when the ONU registers the online line, the first message
  • the uplink message is the serial number message Serial_Number_ONU of the ONU or the ranging response message registration;
  • the capability information that the receiving ONU sends by using the first preamble includes: receiving the first message sent by the ONU according to the first downlink message by using the first preamble Upstream message; the first uplink message carries capability information, and the first uplink message is a message that is after the first downlink message when the ONU registers online, and the first uplink message is the serial number message Serial_Number_ONU of the ONU;
  • the OLT sends the tap coefficient to the ONU, including: sending the second downlink message to the ONU; the second downlink message carries the tap coefficient and the length and style of the second preamble, and the second downlink message is the first uplink message when the ONU registers to go online.
  • the second downlink message is an ONU identifier assignment message Assign_ONU-ID, a ranging grant message Request_Registration, or a delay equalization message Ranging_Time.
  • the ONU receives the tap coefficients fed back by the OLT, including:
  • the second downlink message carries a tap coefficient and a length and a pattern of the second preamble, where the second downlink message is a message after the first uplink message when the ONU registers online, and the second downlink message
  • the message Assign_ONU-ID, the ranging grant message Request_Registration, or the delay equalization message Ranging_Time is assigned to the ONU identifier.
  • the ONU may feed back the first acknowledgement information to the OLT, and correspondingly, the OLT may receive the first acknowledgement. information.
  • the OLT can learn that the ONU has successfully tapped the coefficient, that is, the tap coefficient of the first equalizer in the ONU has been successfully assigned.
  • the ONU is changed over time
  • the channel response between the OLT and the OLT changes, so in order to ensure accuracy, the tap coefficients in the ONU can also be updated.
  • the method includes:
  • the OLT sends a coefficient update notification message to the ONU having the equalization capability; the ONU receives the coefficient update notification message sent by the OLT;
  • the ONU sends an update confirmation message to the OLT by using the first preamble, and the OLT recalculates the tap coefficients according to the first preamble in the received update notification message, and feeds back the tap coefficients.
  • the OLT receives the update sent by the ONU by using the first preamble. Confirm the message.
  • the OLT After receiving the update acknowledgement message, the OLT recalculates the tap coefficients according to the first preamble carried in the update acknowledgement message; and feeds back the calculated tap coefficients to the ONU.
  • the ONU receives the tap coefficients fed back by the OLT; updates the tap coefficients of the first equalizer according to the received tap coefficients; when the uplink data needs to be sent, the uplink data is equalized by the first equalizer; and the equalized code is used to transmit the equalized
  • the uplink data is sent to the OLT; correspondingly, the OLT receives the uplink data that is sent by the ONU and carries the second preamble; and the second equalizer equalizes the received uplink data according to the second preamble.
  • the length of the second preamble is less than the length of the first preamble.
  • the ONU may feed back the second acknowledgement information to the OLT, correspondingly, The OLT can receive the second confirmation information.
  • the OLT may determine that the ONU has successfully received the updated tap coefficient, that is, the ONU has successfully re-assigned the tap coefficient of the first equalizer.
  • the above-described step on the OLT side can be implemented as an uplink data equalization method on the OLT side, and the step on the ONU side can be separately implemented as an uplink data equalization method on the ONU side.
  • an uplink data equalization system comprising an ONU and an OLT. among them,
  • the ONU is used to send the capability information of the ONU to the OLT by using the first preamble, and the capability information indicates whether the ONU has the equalization capability;
  • the OLT is configured to receive the capability information that is sent by the ONU by using the first preamble, and if the capability information indicates that the ONU has the equalization capability, calculate the tap coefficient according to the received first preamble; and send the tap coefficient to the ONU;
  • the ONU is further configured to receive the tap coefficient, update the tap coefficient of the first equalizer in the ONU according to the tap coefficient, equalize the uplink data by the first equalizer, and send the equalized uplink data to the OLT by using the second preamble,
  • the length of the second preamble is smaller than the length of the first preamble
  • the OLT is further configured to receive uplink data sent by the ONU by using the second preamble, and perform equalization on the received uplink data according to the second preamble by the second equalizer in the OLT.
  • an uplink data equalization apparatus where the uplink data equalization apparatus is used in an OLT, and the uplink data equalization apparatus includes: a processor and a communication interface connected to the processor; the processor is configured to Executing the instruction, the processor implements the uplink data equalization method on the OLT side described in the foregoing first aspect by executing the instruction.
  • a fourth aspect provides an uplink data equalization apparatus, where the uplink data equalization apparatus is used in an ONU, where the uplink data equalization apparatus includes: a processor and a communication interface connected to the processor; the processor is configured to Executing the instruction, the processor implements the uplink data equalization method on the ONU side described in the foregoing first aspect by executing the instruction.
  • an uplink data equalization apparatus is provided, where the uplink data equalization apparatus is used in an OLT, and the uplink data equalization apparatus includes at least one unit, where the at least one unit is used to implement the foregoing provided in the first aspect.
  • Upstream data balancing method is provided, where the uplink data equalization apparatus is used in an OLT, and the uplink data equalization apparatus includes at least one unit, where the at least one unit is used to implement the foregoing provided in the first aspect.
  • the sixth aspect provides an uplink data equalization apparatus, where the uplink data equalization apparatus is used in an ONU, where the uplink data equalization apparatus includes at least one unit, where the at least one unit is used to implement the foregoing Upstream data balancing method.
  • the seventh aspect provides an uplink data equalization system, where the system includes an OLT and an ONU; wherein the OLT includes the uplink data equalization apparatus of the third aspect; and the ONU includes the uplink data equalization apparatus of the fourth aspect.
  • the eighth aspect provides an uplink data equalization system, where the system includes an OLT and an ONU; wherein the OLT includes the uplink data equalization apparatus of the fifth aspect; and the ONU includes the uplink data equalization apparatus of the sixth aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation environment involved in an uplink data balancing method according to various embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an uplink data equalization method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3A is a flowchart of an uplink data equalization method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3B is a flowchart of another uplink data equalization method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4A is a flowchart of an uplink data equalization method according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 4B, 4C and 4D are diagrams of an uplink data equalization method provided by still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5A is a flowchart of an uplink data equalization method according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 5B, 5C and 5D are diagrams of an uplink data equalization method provided by still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6A is a flowchart of a method for updating a tap coefficient according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6B and 6C are diagrams showing a method of updating the tap coefficients provided by still another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an uplink data equalization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an uplink data equalization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an uplink data equalization apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an uplink data equalization system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an implementation environment involved in an uplink data balancing method provided by various embodiments of the present invention.
  • the implementation environment may include an OLT 120 and an ONU 140.
  • the OLT 120 is a core component of the optical access network, which is a multi-service providing platform.
  • the OLT 120 is generally placed at the central office to provide a fiber interface for the user-oriented passive optical network.
  • the main functions of the OLT 120 are as follows: First, the uplink network is connected to the upper layer to complete the uplink access of the PON network; secondly, the ONU 140 is connected to the optical distribution network (ODN) network to control, manage, and measure the ONU 140. Distance and other functions.
  • the OLT 120 may include a second equalizer, and the second equalizer is configured to receive uplink data sent by the ONU 140. Balance.
  • the ONU 140 is a client device in an optical network.
  • the ONU 140 is generally placed at the user end, and cooperates with the OLT 120 to implement Ethernet Layer 2 and Ethernet Layer 3 functions to provide voice, data, and multimedia services for users.
  • the main functions of the ONU 140 are as follows: first, selecting to receive data sent by the OLT; second, buffering the user's Ethernet data and transmitting it in the upward direction in the transmission window allocated by the OLT.
  • the ONU 140 includes a first equalizer, and the first equalizer is used to equalize uplink data that needs to be sent.
  • the OLT 120 and the ONU 140 can be connected by optical fibers.
  • the uplink data equalization method can be used in an Ethernet PON (EPON) system, a Gigabit-Capable PON (GPON) system, or an XG-PON system. That is, the OLT 120 and the ONU 140 can be used in an EPON system, a GPON system, or an XG-PON system.
  • EPON Ethernet PON
  • GPON Gigabit-Capable PON
  • XG-PON XG-PON
  • the uplink data balancing method may include:
  • the ONU sends the capability information of the ONU to the OLT by using the first preamble, and the capability information is used to indicate whether the ONU has the equalization capability.
  • Step 202 The OLT receives capability information that is sent by the ONU by using the first preamble.
  • Step 203 If the capability information indicates that the ONU has the equalization capability, the OLT calculates the tap coefficient according to the received first preamble.
  • step 204 the OLT sends the tap coefficient to the ONU.
  • step 205 the ONU receives the tap coefficients fed back by the OLT.
  • Step 206 The ONU updates the tap coefficients of the first equalizer in the ONU according to the tap coefficients.
  • Step 207 The ONU equalizes the uplink data by using the first equalizer.
  • Step 208 The ONU sends the equalized uplink data to the OLT by using the second preamble.
  • Step 209 The OLT receives the uplink data sent by the ONU by using the second preamble.
  • Step 210 The OLT equalizes the received uplink data according to the second preamble by using the second equalizer in the OLT.
  • the ONU uses the first preamble reporting capability information to the OLT, so that the OLT can detect whether the ONU balances the equalization capability according to the capability information, and the detection result is balanced.
  • the preamble calculates the tap coefficient and feeds the tap coefficient to the ONU; the ONU updates its own tap coefficient of the first equalizer according to the received tap coefficient, and when the uplink data is sent later, the second preamble with a shorter length is transmitted through the first
  • the OLT can equalize the uplink data according to the received second preamble with the channel response by using the second equalizer, which solves the problem in the prior art.
  • the problem of uplink overhead the effect of reducing the overhead overhead required.
  • steps 201 to 205 may be performed during the process of registering the ONU to go online.
  • the ONU can use the second preamble with a shorter length to transmit the uplink data, which saves the uplink overhead.
  • FIG. 3A is a flowchart of a method for an uplink data equalization method according to another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is used in the implementation environment shown in FIG. 1 and is applied to an EPON system. Description.
  • the uplink data equalization method may include:
  • step 301 the OLT sends a registration inquiry message GATE1 to ONU.
  • the OLT periodically issues a registration inquiry message and opens a window.
  • the OLT can send GATE1 to the ONU.
  • the destination address (DA) in the GATE1 is a MAC (Media Access Control) control multicast address;
  • the source address (Source) is the MAC address of the source OLT;
  • the content is the authorization message, time. Synchronize messages and discovery information.
  • step 302 the ONU receives the GATE1 sent by the OLT.
  • step 303 the ONU sends the registration request message REGISTER_REQ to the OLT by using the default first preamble, and the REGISTER_REQ carries the capability information.
  • the first preamble is a preamble in which the designer pre-sets the length and style in the ONU.
  • the REGISTER_REQ includes the capability information of the ONU. For example, if the ONU has the equalization capability, the REGISTER_REQ includes the capability information '1' indicating the equalization capability; otherwise, if the ONU does not have the equalization capability, the REGISTER_REQ includes the capability information '0' indicating that the equalization capability is not available.
  • Bit 6-15 of the Discovery Information Fields in REGISTER_REQ is extended to add the capability information in the extension. For example, increase the ONU is pre-equalization capable, or increase the ONU without ONU is not pre-equalization capable. For another example, the flag "1" indicating that the equalization capability is provided is added, or the flag "0" indicating that the equalization capability is not added is added.
  • a pre-equalization information field is added to the 27th byte in the REGISTER_REQ, and the capability information is carried in the Pre-equalization Information Field.
  • the DA in the REGISTER_REQ is a MAC control multicast address
  • the SA is a MAC address for the source OLT
  • the content is a waiting authorization message, discovery information, a laser on time, and a laser off time.
  • the capability information may be one of the content, that is, the content includes the foregoing information and the capability information.
  • the capability information can also be carried in other fields, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the present embodiment is only an example of including the foregoing content in the REGISTER_REQ, and other content may be included in the actual implementation. This embodiment only introduces the content related to the present application, and the other contents included therein are not limited.
  • the first equalizer in the ONU can be turned off, that is, the balancing capability of the ONU is off.
  • the first equalizer may further balance the uplink data by using a default tap coefficient.
  • the tap coefficient used is a main tap coefficient of 1, and the other slave tap coefficients are 0, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • Step 304 The OLT receives the REGISTER_REQ sent by the ONU by using the default first preamble.
  • Step 305 If the capability information indicates that the ONU has the equalization capability, the OLT calculates the tap coefficient according to the received first preamble.
  • the OLT After receiving the REGISTER_REQ sent by the ONU, the OLT detects whether the ONU has the equalization capability according to the capability information in the REGISTER_REQ. If the detection result is that the ONU has the equalization capability, for example, the identifier carried in the REGISTER_REQ is '1', the OLT receives the A preamble calculates the tap coefficients.
  • the first preamble received by the OLT is a preamble with a channel response.
  • the calculation method for the OLT to calculate the tap coefficients according to the received first preamble may include: the OLT adopts a Least Mean Square (LMS) algorithm, a Recursive-Least-Squares (RLS) algorithm, and a minimum mean square error.
  • LMS Least Mean Square
  • RLS Recursive-Least-Squares
  • MMSE Minimum MeOLT Square Error
  • LS Least-Squares
  • derivative algorithm of the above four algorithms are used for calculation, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the process ends, and this embodiment does not Make a limit.
  • Step 306 the OLT sends a first confirmation authorization message REGISTER1 to ONU, and the REGISTER1 carries a tap coefficient.
  • the OLT After the OLT receives the REGISTER_REQ, if the detection result is that the ONU has the equalization capability, the OLT sends the REGISTER1 to the ONU carrying the calculated tap coefficients; and if the detection result is that the ONU does not have the equalization capability, the OLT transmits the existing REGISTER1. Send REGISTER1 to ONU without the tap coefficient.
  • the original REGISTER1 is extended, and the tap coefficient is added to the extended REGISTER1.
  • the 29th byte to the 60th byte in REGISTER1 is reserved.
  • a Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field is added to the 29-X1 byte of REGISTER1, and in Pre- The equalization Coefficients Information Field carries the tap coefficients.
  • X1 is an integer, and the X1 byte - 60th byte in REGISTER1 continues to be reserved.
  • the DA in REGISTER1 is the ONU MAC address, and the SA is the OLT MAC address.
  • the content is the Logical Link Identifier (LLID), the authorization time, and the waiting authorization.
  • LLID Logical Link Identifier
  • step 307 the ONU receives the REGISTER1 sent by the OLT.
  • Step 308 the ONU updates the tap coefficients of the first equalizer in the ONU according to the tap coefficients.
  • the tap coefficients carried in the REGISTER1 are extracted, and the tap coefficients of the first equalizer in the ONU are updated by the extracted tap coefficients.
  • step 309 the OLT sends a second acknowledgement authorization message GATE2 to the ONU.
  • the DA in the GATE2 is the MAC control multicast address
  • the SA is the OLT MAC address
  • the content is the authorization information.
  • step 308 is only an example of the execution of the step 308 before the step 309.
  • step 308 and the step 309 may be performed at the same time, or the step 308 is performed after the step 309 is performed, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • step 310 the ONU receives the GATE2 sent by the OLT.
  • Step 311 The ONU feeds back the registration acquisition message REGISTER_ACK to the OLT, and the REGISTER_ACK carries the first confirmation information.
  • the DA is the MAC control multicast address
  • the SA is the ONU MAC address.
  • the content is the response to the LLID and the response to the synchronization time.
  • the REGISTER_ACK may further include a first confirmation information, where the first confirmation information is Information that is fed back after the ONU successfully receives the tap coefficients.
  • the first confirmation information is Information that is fed back after the ONU successfully receives the tap coefficients.
  • an Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field is added to the 26th byte of the REGISTER_ACK, and a byte is added to the Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field to indicate that the ONU tap coefficient is confirmed to the OLT. The assignment is complete. Among them, the 27th byte - 60th byte in the Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field continues to be reserved.
  • the ONU may send the REGISTER_ACK to the OLT by using the second preamble.
  • the length of the second preamble is smaller than the length of the first preamble, and the length and pattern of the second preamble are pre-configured by the designer in the ONU.
  • step 312 the OLT receives the REGISTER_ACK fed back by the ONU.
  • the OLT After receiving the REGISTER_ACK, the OLT completes the handshake with the ONU, and the ONU is successfully registered to go online. Thereafter, the ONU can interact with the OLT for data.
  • step 313 the ONU equalizes the uplink data by using the first equalizer.
  • Step 314 The ONU sends the equalized uplink data to the OLT by using the second preamble.
  • the ONU may use the second preamble to send the uplink data that has been equalized by the first equalizer to the OLT.
  • the length of the second preamble is smaller than the length of the first preamble, and the length and pattern of the second preamble are pre-configured by the designer in the ONU.
  • Step 315 The OLT receives the uplink data sent by the ONU by using the second preamble.
  • Step 316 The OLT equalizes the received uplink data according to the second preamble by using the second equalizer in the OLT.
  • the second equalizer in the OLT can equalize the received uplink data according to the received second preamble with the channel response, so that the OLT receives the uplink data. Convergence conditions.
  • Steps 301 to 312 are steps performed by the ONU to register the online process, and steps 313 to 316 are processes for transmitting the uplink data after the ONU successfully goes online.
  • the ONU uses the first preamble reporting capability information to the OLT, so that the OLT can detect whether the ONU balances the equalization capability according to the capability information, and the detection result is balanced. And calculating a tap coefficient according to the received first preamble with a channel response, and feeding the tap coefficient to the ONU; the ONU updates the tap coefficient of the first equalizer according to the received tap coefficient, and then sends the uplink data afterwards.
  • the second preamble transmits the uplink data that has been equalized by the first equalizer to the OLT. Thereafter, the OLT can balance the uplink data according to the received second preamble with the channel response by using the second equalizer; In the technology, a certain amount of uplink overhead is consumed; the effect of saving uplink overhead is achieved.
  • the above embodiment is only an example in which the OLT sends the tap coefficients to the ONU through the REGISTER1.
  • the tap coefficients can also be sent to the ONU in GATE2.
  • the above steps 306 to 316 may be replaced by:
  • step 3061 the OLT sends a first confirmation authorization message REGISTER1 to ONU.
  • the OLT After the OLT receives the REGISTER_REQ, the OLT sends the existing REGISTER1, that is, sends the REGISTER1 to the ONU that does not carry the tap coefficients.
  • the DA in REGISTER1 is the ONU MAC address
  • the SA is the OLT MAC address
  • the content is LLID, authorization time, and waiting for authorization.
  • step 3071 the ONU receives the REGISTER1 sent by the OLT.
  • step 3081 the OLT sends GATE2 to the ONU, and the GATE2 carries the tap coefficients.
  • the OLT After receiving the REGISTER_REQ, the OLT detects whether the ONU has the equalization capability according to the capability information in the REGISTER_REQ. If the detection result is equalized, when the GATE2 is sent, the GATE2 carrying the tap coefficient is sent to the ONU.
  • the DA in the GATE2 is the MAC control multicast address
  • the SA is the OLT MAC address
  • the content is the authorization information.
  • the GATE2 message is extended with an equalization coefficient information field.
  • the equalization coefficient information field is used to carry the tap coefficients.
  • the Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field is added to the 45th byte to the X2th byte of the GATE2 message, and the tap coefficients are carried in the Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field.
  • the X2 byte - the 60th byte in the GATE2 message continues to be reserved, and X2 is an integer.
  • step 3091 the ONU receives the GATE2 sent by the OLT.
  • step 3100 the ONU updates the tap coefficients of the first equalizer in the ONU according to the tap coefficients.
  • the tap coefficients carried in the GATE2 are extracted, and the tap coefficients of the first equalizer in the ONU are updated by the extracted tap coefficients.
  • step 3111 the ONU feeds back the confirmation information REGISTER_ACK to the OLT, and the REGISTER_ACK carries the first confirmation information.
  • step 3100 Before the step 3111.
  • step 3100 and the step 3111 may be performed at the same time, or the step 3100 may be performed after the step 3111 is performed, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • step 3121 the OLT receives the REGISTER_ACK fed back by the ONU.
  • step 3131 the ONU equalizes the uplink data by using the first equalizer.
  • step 3141 the ONU sends the equalized uplink data to the OLT by using the second preamble.
  • step 3151 the OLT receives the uplink data sent by the ONU by using the second preamble.
  • step 3161 the OLT equalizes the received uplink data according to the second preamble through the second equalizer in the OLT.
  • steps 309 to 3161 are similar to the steps 309 to 316 in the foregoing embodiment, and the details are not described herein again.
  • the above embodiment only sends the REGISTER_ACK carrying the first acknowledgement information when the REGISTER_ACK is sent to the OLT after receiving the tap coefficient.
  • the ONU may also send the existing REGISTER_ACK to the OLT. This is not a limitation.
  • the uplink data equalization method uses the uplink data equalization method in the EPON system as an example.
  • the uplink data equalization method can also be used in a GPON system or an XG-PON system, and is applied to a GPON system or an XG-PON.
  • the implementation method of the system is similar, so the following will be uniformly explained.
  • the OLT can set the length and pattern of the first preamble and the second.
  • the length and the style of the preamble are sent to the ONU, and can also be sent to the ONU respectively. Therefore, the above two cases will be separately described in different embodiments.
  • FIG. 4A is a flowchart of a method for an uplink data equalization method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the uplink data equalization method is used in the implementation environment shown in FIG. 1 and applied to GPON or XG.
  • the OLT sends the length and pattern of the first preamble and the length and pattern of the second preamble to the ONU for illustration.
  • the uplink data equalization method may include:
  • Step 401 The OLT sends a first downlink message to the ONU.
  • the first downlink message carries the first front message.
  • the first downlink message is a message that the ONU registers during the online process. Moreover, when the OLT is applied to the GPON system, the first downlink message is an uplink management message Upstream_Overhead; when the OLT is applied to the XG-PON system, the first downlink message is a parameter set message profile.
  • the DA in the first downlink message is a MAC control multicast address
  • the SA is an OLT MAC address
  • the content includes a length and a style of the first preamble, and a length and a style of the second preamble.
  • Step 402 The ONU receives the first downlink message sent by the OLT.
  • Step 403 The ONU sends the first uplink message to the OLT by using the first preamble according to the first downlink message, where the first uplink message carries the capability information.
  • the ONU may send the Serial_Number_ONU carrying the capability information to the OLT.
  • the 17th byte-X3 byte of the Serial_Number_ONU adds a Pre-equalization Information Field, and the capability information of the ONU is extended in the Pre-equalization Information Field.
  • the Pre-equalization Information Field is extended with an ONU is pre-equalization capable, or the ONU is not pre-equalization capable.
  • the Pre-equalization Information Field is extended with an identifier '1' indicating that the ONU has the equalization capability, or an identifier '0' indicating that the ONU does not have the equalization capability.
  • the first downlink message carries the length and the style of the first preamble. Therefore, when the ONU sends the Serial_Number_ONU, the ONU may use the corresponding length according to the length and style of the first preamble carried in the first downlink message.
  • a preamble sends Serial_Number_ONU to the OLT.
  • the length and pattern of the first preamble used are the length and style carried in the first downlink message.
  • the DA in the Serial_Number_ONU is a MAC control multicast address
  • the SA is an ONU MAC address
  • the content may further include an unassigned ONU-ID, a random delay time, and a vendor-specific sequence number (VSSN). I will not repeat them here.
  • the first equalizer in the ONU may be off, that is, the equalization capability of the ONU is off.
  • the first equalizer may further balance the uplink data by using a default tap coefficient, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • Step 404 The OLT receives the first uplink message sent by the ONU according to the first downlink message by using the first preamble.
  • Step 405 If the capability information indicates that the ONU has the equalization capability, the OLT calculates the tap coefficient according to the received first preamble.
  • the OLT may detect, according to the capability information carried in the first uplink message, whether the ONU has the equalization capability. If the detection result is that the ONU has equalization capability, then at this time, the OLT can calculate the tap coefficient according to the first preamble with the channel response.
  • the calculation method of the tap coefficient calculated by the OLT is similar to the calculation method of the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • Step 406 The OLT sends a second downlink message to the ONU, where the second downlink message carries a tap coefficient.
  • the OLT may send a second downlink message carrying the tap coefficients to the ONU.
  • the second downlink message is a message that is after the first uplink message when the ONU is registered to go online, and the second downlink message is an ONU identifier assignment message Assign_ONU-ID, an authorized ranging message Request_Registration, or a delay equalization message Ranging_Time.
  • the second downlink message is extended with a Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field, and the Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field is used to carry the tap coefficient.
  • the Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field may be an information field extended in the 15th byte to the X4th byte of the Assign_ONU-ID, and, at this time, the Assign_ONU- The X4th byte - the 40th byte in the ID continues to be reserved.
  • the Assign_ONU-ID can also include other content.
  • the DA in the Assign_ONU-ID is a MAC control multicast address
  • the SA is an OLT MAC address
  • the content includes an ONU ID, a VSSN, and the like, which are not described herein again.
  • the Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field may be an information field extended in the 5th byte to the X5th byte of the Request_Registration, and, at this time, the X5 byte in the Request_Registration - 40th The bytes continue to be reserved.
  • the DA in Request_Registration controls the multicast address of the ONU MAC
  • the SA is the OLT MAC address
  • the content also includes the ONU ID.
  • the Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field may be an information field extended in the 10th byte to the X6th byte of Ranging_Time, and, at this time, the X6th byte in the Request_Registration - 40th The bytes continue to be reserved.
  • the DA in Ranging_Time is the MAC control multicast address
  • the SA is the OLT MAC.
  • the address also includes the equalization delay field and the equalization delay value.
  • Step 407 The ONU receives the second downlink message sent by the OLT.
  • Step 408 the ONU updates the tap coefficients of the first equalizer in the ONU according to the tap coefficients.
  • the ONU includes a first equalizer. After receiving the second downlink message, the ONU extracts the tap coefficients carried in the second downlink message, and updates the tap coefficients of the first equalizer by using the extracted tap coefficients.
  • step 409 the ONU equalizes the uplink data by using the first equalizer.
  • the ONU may first equalize the uplink data by using the first equalizer updated by the tap coefficient.
  • step 410 the ONU sends the first confirmation information to the OLT.
  • the first confirmation information is a message that is after the second downlink message in the online registration process of the ONU. Specifically, the ONU does not have a reserved field in the registration response message during the ONU registration. Therefore, the ONU may send an Acknowledge carrying the first acknowledgement information when the acknowledgement message is sent.
  • the ONU adds an Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field to the Acknowledge, and carries the first confirmation information in the Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field, such as carrying '1'.
  • the Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field can be in the 6th byte of the Acknowledge.
  • step 411 the OLT receives the first confirmation information.
  • Step 412 The ONU sends the equalized uplink data to the OLT by using the second preamble.
  • the ONU After equalizing the uplink data, the ONU sends the equalized uplink data to the OLT by using the second preamble. Specifically, the ONU may send the equalized uplink data to the OLT by using the second preamble according to the length and style of the second preamble carried in the first downlink message. That is, the length and pattern of the second preamble used are the length and pattern of the second preamble carried in the first downlink message.
  • Step 413 The OLT receives the uplink data sent by the ONU by using the second preamble.
  • Step 414 The OLT equalizes the received uplink data according to the second preamble by using the second equalizer in the OLT.
  • the OLT includes a second equalizer. After receiving the uplink data sent by the ONU, the OLT may perform equalization on the received uplink data according to the second preamble with the channel response by using the second equalizer.
  • the second downlink message may be an Assign_ONU-ID, a Request_Registration, or a Ranging_Time, please refer to FIG. 4B, 4C and 4D, which respectively show the completeness of the uplink data equalization method when the second downlink message is one of them. Method flow chart.
  • the ONU uses the first preamble reporting capability information to the OLT, so that the OLT can detect whether the ONU balances the equalization capability according to the capability information, and the detection result is balanced. And calculating a tap coefficient according to the received first preamble with a channel response, and feeding the tap coefficient to the ONU; the ONU updates the tap coefficient of the first equalizer according to the received tap coefficient, and then sends the uplink data afterwards.
  • the second preamble with a shorter length is used to send the uplink data that is equalized by the first equalizer to the OLT. Thereafter, the OLT can use the second equalizer to receive the uplink data according to the received second preamble with the channel response. Equilibrium; solves the problem that the prior art consumes a certain amount of uplink overhead; and achieves the effect of saving uplink overhead.
  • the uplink data equalization method may include:
  • Step 501 The OLT sends the first downlink message to the ONU.
  • the first downlink message carries the length and style of the first preamble.
  • This step is similar to the step 401. The difference is that, in this embodiment, only the length and style of the first preamble are carried in the first downlink message.
  • Step 502 The ONU receives the first downlink message sent by the OLT.
  • Step 503 The ONU sends the first uplink message to the OLT by using the first preamble according to the first downlink message, where the first uplink message carries the capability information.
  • the ONU may send the Serial_Number_ONU carrying the capability information to the OLT.
  • This step is similar to step 403, and details are not described herein again.
  • Step 504 The OLT receives the first uplink message that is sent by the ONU according to the first downlink message by using the first preamble.
  • Step 505 If the capability information indicates that the ONU has the equalization capability, the OLT calculates the tap coefficient according to the received first preamble.
  • the OLT may detect, according to the capability information carried in the first uplink message, whether the ONU has the equalization capability. If the detection result is that the ONU has equalization capability, then at this time, the OLT can calculate the tap coefficient according to the first preamble with the channel response.
  • the calculation method of the tap coefficient calculated by the OLT is similar to the calculation method of the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • Step 506 The OLT sends a second downlink message to the ONU.
  • the second downlink message carries the tap coefficient and the length and style of the second preamble.
  • the OLT may send a second downlink message carrying the tap coefficients to the ONU.
  • the second downlink message is a message that is after the first uplink message when the ONU registers to go online, and the second downlink message is an Assign_ONU-ID, a Request_Registration, or a Ranging_Time.
  • the second downlink message may further extend the pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field, and may further extend the preamble definition field, where the preamble definition field is used to carry the second preamble. Length and style. Specifically, the pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field and the preamble definition field may occupy the reserved field in the second downlink message, and the rest of the reserved field is not described herein.
  • Step 507 The ONU receives the second downlink message sent by the OLT.
  • Step 508 the ONU updates the tap coefficients of the first equalizer in the ONU according to the tap coefficients.
  • the ONU includes a first equalizer. After receiving the second downlink message, the ONU extracts the tap coefficients carried in the second downlink message, and updates the tap coefficients of the first equalizer by using the extracted tap coefficients.
  • step 509 the ONU equalizes the uplink data by using the first equalizer.
  • the ONU may first equalize the uplink data by using the first equalizer updated by the tap coefficient.
  • step 510 the ONU sends the first confirmation information to the OLT.
  • the second uplink message is a message that the ONU registers after the second downlink message in the online process. Specifically, the ONU does not have a reserved field in the registration response message during the ONU registration. Therefore, the ONU may send an Acknowledge carrying the first acknowledgement information when the acknowledgement message is sent.
  • the ONU adds an Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field to the Acchoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field.
  • the first confirmation information is carried in the field, such as carrying '1'.
  • the Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field can be in the 6th byte of the Acknowledge.
  • step 511 the OLT receives the first confirmation information.
  • Step 512 The ONU sends the equalized uplink data to the OLT by using the second preamble.
  • the ONU After equalizing the uplink data, the ONU sends the equalized uplink data to the OLT by using the second preamble. Specifically, the ONU may send the equalized uplink data to the OLT by using the second preamble according to the length and style of the second preamble carried in the second downlink message. That is, the length and pattern of the second preamble used are the length and pattern of the second preamble carried in the second downlink message.
  • step 513 the OLT receives the uplink data sent by the ONU by using the second preamble.
  • Step 514 The OLT equalizes the received uplink data according to the second preamble by using the second equalizer in the OLT.
  • the OLT includes a second equalizer. After receiving the uplink data sent by the ONU, the OLT may perform equalization on the received uplink data according to the second preamble with the channel response by using the second equalizer.
  • the uplink data equalization method may further include other steps.
  • the second downlink message may be an Assign_ONU-ID, a Request_Registration, or a delay equalization message Ranging_Time, please refer to FIG. 5B, 5C and 5D, respectively, when the second downlink message is one of the uplink data.
  • the ONU uses the first preamble reporting capability information to the OLT, so that the OLT can detect whether the ONU balances the equalization capability according to the capability information, and the detection result is balanced. And calculating a tap coefficient according to the received first preamble with a channel response, and feeding the tap coefficient to the ONU; the ONU updates the tap coefficient of the first equalizer according to the received tap coefficient, and then sends the uplink data afterwards.
  • the second preamble with a shorter length is used to send the uplink data that is equalized by the first equalizer to the OLT. Thereafter, the OLT can use the second equalizer to receive the uplink data according to the received second preamble with the channel response. Equilibrium; solves the problem that the prior art consumes a certain amount of uplink overhead; and achieves the effect of saving uplink overhead.
  • the uplink data balancing method may further include the following steps:
  • step 601 the OLT sends a coefficient update notification message to the ONU having the equalization capability.
  • this step can include two implementation manners.
  • the OLT may send a coefficient update notification message to the ONU having the equalization capability every predetermined time interval.
  • the OLT acquires a communication indicator between the ONU and the ONU having the equalization capability, and sends a coefficient update notification message to the ONU when the communication indicator meets the preset condition.
  • the communication indicator includes a Mean Square Error (MSE), or a Bit Error Rate (BER), or both.
  • MSE Mean Square Error
  • BER Bit Error Rate
  • the OLT receives the uplink data sent by the ONU with the second preamble, and calculates the MSE according to the second preamble, and calculates the calculated MSE and the basis.
  • the MSE comparison calculated by the first preamble if the difference is greater than the first threshold, the OLT sends the coefficient update notification message to the ONU.
  • the communication indicator is BER
  • the OLT receives the uplink data sent by the ONU with the equalization capability and uses the second preamble to calculate the BER of the received uplink burst block, and similar to the MSE, the OLT can calculate The obtained BER is compared with the calculated BER of the entire uplink burst sent by the ONU using the first preamble. If the difference is greater than the second threshold, the coefficient update notification message is sent to the ONU.
  • the OLT only the OLT sends the coefficient update notification message by using the foregoing two implementation manners, and only the communication indicator includes at least one of the foregoing two types.
  • the OLT may also use other The implementation sends a coefficient update notification message, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • Step 602 The ONU receives a coefficient update notification message sent by the OLT.
  • step 603 the ONU sends an update confirmation message to the OLT by using the first preamble.
  • the ONU may send an update confirmation message to the OLT by using the first preamble.
  • Step 604 The OLT receives an update confirmation message sent by the ONU by using the first preamble.
  • the OLT may correspondingly receive the first preamble with the channel response of the current channel.
  • Step 605 The OLT recalculates the tap coefficients according to the first preamble carried in the update confirmation message.
  • This step is similar to the calculation method of the tap coefficients in the above embodiments, and details are not described herein again.
  • step 606 the OLT feeds back the calculated tap coefficients to the ONU.
  • step 607 the ONU receives the tap coefficients fed back by the OLT.
  • Step 608 the ONU updates the tap coefficients of the first equalizer according to the received tap coefficients.
  • Step 609 After receiving the tap coefficient, the ONU sends a second confirmation message to the OLT.
  • Step 610 The OLT receives the second confirmation information.
  • step 611 the ONU equalizes the uplink data by using the first equalizer.
  • Step 612 The ONU sends the equalized uplink data to the OLT by using the second preamble.
  • Step 613 The OLT receives the uplink data that is sent by the ONU and carries the second preamble.
  • Step 614 The OLT equalizes the received uplink data according to the second preamble by using the second equalizer.
  • the above steps can be used to update the tap coefficients in the EPON system, and can also be used to update the tap coefficients in the GPON or XG-PON system.
  • the tap coefficients in the EPON system are updated, since the EPON system transmits a downlink message based on GATE, the uplink message is transmitted based on the REPORT. So at this time, the update of the tap coefficients can be implemented based on GATE and REPORT.
  • the OLT sends a coefficient update notification message to the ONU through the third strobe message GATE3, and the ONU feeds back the update acknowledgment message through the second report message REPORT2; and the OLT sends the calculated tap coefficient to the fourth strobe message GATE4 to The ONU, the ONU feeds back the second confirmation message through the third report message REPORT3.
  • the GATE3 is extended with a Pre-equalization Update Notice Field, and the coefficient update notification message is carried in the Pre-equalization Update Notice Field.
  • the OLT requests pre-equalization update, or the OLT does not require pre-equalization update; or, for example, carries the indication that the pre-equalization update is required. Identifies '1', or carries the identifier '0' that does not require pre-equalization updates.
  • the Pre-equalization Update Notice Field can be the 45th byte in the GATE2 message, and the 46th byte to the 60th byte continue to be reserved.
  • GATE4 is extended with a Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field, and the Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field carries a tap coefficient.
  • the Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field can be extended for the 45th-X byte in the GATE3 message, while the X-60th byte continues to be reserved.
  • the Echoed Pre-Equalization Update Notice Field is extended in REPORT2, and an update confirmation message is carried in the Echoed Pre-Equalization Update Notice Field.
  • the Echoed Pre-Equalization Update Notice Field is after the Report bitmap field.
  • the Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field is extended in the REPORT3, and the second confirmation information is carried in the Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field.
  • the Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field can be after the Report bitmap field.
  • the implementation of the two is similar, and this embodiment is exemplified by updating the tap coefficients in the XG-PON system.
  • the OLT sends a downlink message through the Profile message and receives the uplink message through the Acknowledge. Therefore, in conjunction with FIG. 6C, the OLT can send a coefficient update notification message to the ONU through Profile2, and the ONU feeds back the update confirmation message through Acknowledge2; the OLT sends the recalculated tap coefficient through Profile3, and the ONU feeds back the second acknowledgement information through Acknowledge3.
  • the Pre-equalization Update Notice Field is extended in the Profile2, and the coefficient update notification message is carried in the Pre-equalization Update Notice Field.
  • it carries an OLT requests pre-equalization update, or carries an OLT does not request pre-equalization update; for example, carries an identifier '1' indicating that a pre-equalization update is required, or carries an identifier that does not require a pre-equalization update. '0'.
  • the Pre-equalization Update Notice Field can be the 34th byte in the Profile2 message, and other reserved bytes continue to be reserved.
  • the preamble definition field may be extended, and the length and the style of the first preamble are defined in the preamble definition field, so that the ONU receives the coefficient update.
  • the update confirmation message can be sent using the first preamble.
  • the preamble definition field may be the 16th byte in the profile 2, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field is extended in Profile3, and the tap coefficients are carried in the Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field.
  • the Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field can be extended for the 35th-X byte in the Profile3 message, and the X-40th byte continues to be reserved.
  • Echoed Pre-Equalization Update Notice Field is extended in Acknowledge2, and an update confirmation message is carried in the Echoed Pre-Equalization Update Notice Field.
  • the Echoed Pre-Equalization Update Notice Field is in the sixth byte of Acknowledge2.
  • Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field is extended in the Acknowledge3, and the second confirmation information is carried in the Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field.
  • Echoed The Pre-Equalization Assignment Field may be in the seventh byte of Acknowledge3, which is not limited in this embodiment.
  • the second acknowledgement information is fed back to the OLT.
  • the ONU may not feed back the second acknowledgement information during actual implementation. This embodiment does not limit this.
  • the steps on the OLT side in the above embodiments may be implemented as an uplink data equalization method on the OLT side, and the steps on the ONU side may be separately implemented as the ONU side.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an uplink data equalization apparatus according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the uplink data equalization device can be implemented as all or part of the OLT.
  • the OLT includes a processor 711, a communication bus 712, a memory 713, and a communication interface 714.
  • the processor 711 can include one or more central processing units (English: Central Processing Unit, abbreviated: CPU).
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • the processor 711 executes various functional applications and business data processing by running software programs and modules.
  • Communication interface 714 can include a wired network interface, such as an Ethernet interface, and can also include a wireless network interface.
  • the communication interface 714 is configured to receive a data packet sent by the upper/lower level device, and/or forward the data packet to the upper/lower level device.
  • Memory 713 and communication interface 714 are coupled to processor 711 via communication bus 712, respectively.
  • the memory 713 can be used to store software programs and modules that are executed by the processor 711. In addition, various types of service data and user data can also be stored in the memory 713.
  • the memory 713 stores an operating system 781, a receiving module 782, a processing module 783, a sending module 784, and an application 785 required for at least one other function, and the processor 720 calls each of the memories stored in the memory 713.
  • the module performs the uplink data equalization method on the OLT side in the above embodiment; in addition, the memory 713 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof.
  • the foregoing embodiment is only an example in which the foregoing data equalization device is implemented as all or part of the OLT.
  • the device may also be implemented as all or part of the ONU.
  • the processor 720 implements the uplink data equalization method on the ONU side in the foregoing embodiment by calling each module stored in the memory 713.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an uplink data equalization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the uplink data equalization apparatus is used in an OLT.
  • the uplink data equalization apparatus includes: a receiving unit 810, a processing unit 820, and a transmitting unit 830.
  • the receiving unit 810 is configured to receive capability information that is sent by the optical network unit ONU by using the first preamble, where the capability information is used to indicate whether the ONU has a balancing capability;
  • the processing unit 820 is configured to: when the capability information indicates that the ONU has an equalization capability, calculate a tap coefficient according to the received first preamble;
  • a sending unit 830 configured to send the tap coefficient to the ONU; the ONU updates a tap coefficient of the first equalizer in the ONU according to the received tap coefficient, and uses a subsequent uplink data to be used.
  • the second preamble transmits the uplink data that is equalized by the first equalizer, and the length of the second preamble is smaller than the length of the first preamble;
  • the receiving unit 810 is further configured to receive the uplink data that is sent by the ONU by using the second preamble;
  • the processing unit 820 is further configured to perform equalization on the received uplink data according to the second preamble by using a second equalizer in the OLT.
  • the receiving unit 810 is further configured to: when the ONU is registered to go online, perform the step of receiving the capability information that the optical network unit ONU sends by using the first preamble;
  • the processing unit 820 is further configured to: when the ONU is registered to go online, the performing the capability information indicating that the ONU has an equalization capability, and calculating a tap coefficient according to the received first preamble step;
  • the sending unit 830 is further configured to perform the step of sending the tap coefficient to the ONU in the process of registering the ONU to go online.
  • the OLT is applied to an EPON system of an Ethernet passive optical network
  • the receiving unit 810 is further configured to receive a registration request message REGISTER_REQ sent by the ONU by using the default first preamble, where the REGISTER_REQ carries the capability information;
  • the sending unit 830 is further configured to send a first acknowledgement authorization message REGISTER1 to the ONU, where the REGISTER1 carries the tap coefficient; or send a second acknowledgement authorization message GATE2 to the OUN, in the GATE2 Carrying the tap coefficient.
  • the OLT is applied to a Gigabit passive optical network GPON system, or XG-PON system;
  • the sending unit 830 is further configured to send a first downlink message to the ONU, where the first downlink message carries a length and a style of the first preamble, and the second preamble Length and style; when the OLT is applied to the GPON system, the first downlink message is an uplink management message Upstream_Overhead; when the OLT is applied to the XG-PON system, the first downlink message is a parameter set message. Profile;
  • the receiving unit 810 is further configured to receive, by the ONU, a first uplink message that is sent by using the first preamble according to the first downlink message, where the first uplink message carries the capability information, where The first uplink message is a message after the first downlink message is registered when the ONU is online, and the first uplink message is a serial number message Serial_Number_ONU of the ONU;
  • the sending unit 830 is further configured to send a second downlink message to the ONU; the second downlink message carries the tap coefficient, where the second downlink message is when the ONU is registered online.
  • the second downlink message is an ONU identifier assignment message Assign_ONU-ID, a ranging grant message Request_Registration, or a delay equalization message Ranging_Time.
  • the OLT is applied to a Gigabit passive optical network GPON system, or an XG-PON system;
  • the sending unit 830 is further configured to send a first downlink message to the ONU; the first downlink message carries a length and a style of the first preamble; when the OLT is applied to a GPON system, The first downlink message is an uplink management message Upstream_Overhead; when the OLT is applied to the XG-PON system, the first downlink message is a parameter set message profile;
  • the receiving unit 810 is further configured to receive, by the ONU, a first uplink message that is sent by using the first preamble according to the first downlink message, where the first uplink message carries the capability information, where The first uplink message is a message after the first downlink message is registered when the ONU is online, and the first uplink message is a serial number message Serial_Number_ONU of the ONU;
  • the sending unit 830 is further configured to send a second downlink message to the ONU, where the second downlink message carries the tap coefficient and the length and style of the second preamble, and the second downlink message And the second downlink message is an ONU identifier allocation message Assign_ONU-ID, a ranging authorization message Request_Registration, or a delay equalization message Ranging_Time, when the ONU registers the message after the first uplink message.
  • the device further includes:
  • the sending unit 830 is further configured to send a coefficient update notification message to the ONU that has the equalization capability;
  • the receiving unit 810 is further configured to receive an update confirmation message sent by the ONU by using the first preamble;
  • the processing unit 820 is further configured to recalculate the tap coefficient according to the first preamble carried in the update confirmation message;
  • the sending unit 830 is further configured to feed back the calculated tap coefficient to the ONU, where the tap coefficient is used to instruct the ONU to update a tap coefficient of the first equalizer, and when sending uplink data subsequently Transmitting, by using the second preamble, the uplink data that is equalized by the first equalizer;
  • the receiving unit 810 is further configured to receive the uplink data that is sent by the ONU and that carries the second preamble;
  • the processing unit 820 is further configured to perform equalization on the received uplink data according to the second preamble by using the second equalizer.
  • the uplink data equalization apparatus receives the capability information reported by the ONU by using the first preamble, and detects whether the ONU balances the equalization capability according to the capability information, and when the detection result is equalized, according to the
  • the received first preamble with a channel response calculates a tap coefficient, and the feedback tap coefficient is fed to the ONU; the ONU updates its own tap coefficient of the first equalizer according to the received tap coefficient, and uses the length when transmitting the uplink data later.
  • the shorter second preamble transmits the uplink data that has been equalized by the first equalizer to the OLT. Thereafter, the OLT can balance the uplink data according to the received second preamble with the channel response by using the second equalizer.
  • the ONU can use the second preamble with a shorter length to transmit the uplink data, which saves the uplink overhead.
  • the OLT can obtain accurate uplink data, which ensures accuracy.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an uplink data equalization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the uplink data equalization apparatus is used in an ONU.
  • the uplink data equalization apparatus may include: a sending unit 910, a receiving unit 920, and a processing unit 930;
  • the sending unit 910 is configured to send the capability information of the ONU to the optical line terminal OLT by using a first preamble, where the capability information is used to indicate whether the ONU has an equalization capability; and the OLT is used to indicate the capability information.
  • the tap coefficient is calculated according to the received first preamble, and the tap coefficient is fed back;
  • the receiving unit 920 is configured to receive the tap coefficients fed back by the OLT;
  • the processing unit 930 is configured to update, according to the tap coefficient, a tap coefficient of the first equalizer in the ONU;
  • the processing unit 930 is further configured to: perform equalization on the uplink data by using the first equalizer;
  • the sending unit 910 is further configured to send the equalized uplink data to the OLT by using a second preamble, where the OLT receives the second preamble pair according to the second preamble in the OLT.
  • the uplink data is equalized; the length of the second preamble is smaller than the length of the first preamble.
  • the sending unit 910 is further configured to: when the ONU is registered to go online, perform the step of transmitting the capability information of the ONU by using the first preamble to the optical line terminal OLT;
  • the receiving unit 920 is further configured to perform the step of receiving the tap coefficients fed back by the OLT during the process of registering the ONU to go online.
  • the ONU is applied to an EPON system of an Ethernet passive optical network
  • the sending unit 910 is further configured to send the registration request message REGISTER_REQ to the OLT by using the default first preamble, where the capability information is carried in the REGISTER_REQ;
  • the receiving unit 920 is further configured to receive a first confirmation authorization message REGISTER1 sent by the OLT, where the REGISTER1 carries the tap coefficient, or receive a second confirmation authorization message GATE2 sent by the OLT, The tap coefficients are carried in GATE2.
  • the ONU is applied to a Gigabit passive optical network GPON system, or an XG-PON system;
  • the receiving unit 920 is further configured to receive a first downlink message sent by the OLT, where the first downlink message carries a length and a style of the first preamble, and the second preamble Length and style; wherein, when the ONU is applied to the GPON system, the first downlink message is an uplink management message Upstream_Overhead; when the ONU is applied to an XG-PON system, the first downlink message is Parameter set message profile;
  • the sending unit 910 is further configured to send, by using the first preamble, the first uplink message to the OLT according to the first downlink message, where the first uplink message carries the capability information,
  • the first uplink message is a message after the first downlink message is sent by the ONU, and the first uplink message is a serial number message Serial_Number_ONU or a ranging response message of the ONU;
  • the receiving unit 920 is further configured to receive a second downlink message that is sent by the OLT, where the second downlink message carries the tap coefficient, and the second downlink message is that when the ONU is registered to go online,
  • the message after the first uplink message, the second downlink message is an ONU identifier assignment message Assign_ONU-ID, a ranging grant message Request_Registration, or a delay equalization message Ranging_Time.
  • the ONU is applied to a Gigabit passive optical network GPON system or an XG-PON system;
  • the receiving unit 920 is further configured to receive a first downlink message sent by the OLT, where the first downlink message carries a length and a style of the first preamble; wherein, when the OLT is applied, In the GPON system, the first downlink message is an uplink management message Upstream_Overhead; when the OLT is applied to an XG-PON system, the first downlink message is a parameter set message profile;
  • the sending unit 910 is further configured to send, by using the first preamble, the first uplink message to the OLT according to the first downlink message, where the first uplink message carries the capability information,
  • the first uplink message is a message after the first downlink message is sent by the ONU, and the first uplink message is a serial number message Serial_Number_ONU or a ranging response message of the ONU;
  • the receiving unit 920 is further configured to receive a second downlink message that is sent by the OLT, where the second downlink message carries the tap coefficient and a length and a style of the second preamble, and the second downlink The message is a message after the first uplink message is registered by the ONU, and the second downlink message is an ONU identifier allocation message Assign_ONU-ID, a ranging authorization message Request_Registration, or a delay equalization message Ranging_Time.
  • the device further includes:
  • the receiving unit 920 is further configured to receive a coefficient update notification message sent by the OLT;
  • the sending unit 910 is further configured to send, by using the first preamble, an update confirmation message to the OLT, where the OLT recalculates the tap according to the first preamble in the received update notification message. a coefficient that feeds back the tap coefficients;
  • the receiving unit 920 is further configured to receive the tap coefficients fed back by the OLT;
  • the processing unit 930 is further configured to update the first equalization according to the received tap coefficients Tap coefficient of the device;
  • the processing unit 930 is further configured to: perform equalization on the uplink data by using the first equalizer;
  • the sending unit 910 is further configured to: send, by using the second preamble, the equalized uplink data to the OLT, where the OLT equalizes the received uplink data according to the second preamble,
  • the length of the second preamble is smaller than the length of the first preamble.
  • the uplink data equalization apparatus uses the first preamble reporting capability information to the OLT, so that the OLT can detect whether the ONU balances the equalization capability according to the capability information, and when the detection result is equalized.
  • the second preamble with the shorter length is used to send the uplink data that is equalized by the first equalizer to the OLT. Thereafter, the OLT can perform the uplink data according to the received second preamble with the channel response by using the second equalizer. Balanced; solves the problem that the prior art consumes a certain amount of uplink overhead; and achieves the effect of saving uplink overhead.
  • the ONU can use the second preamble with a shorter length to transmit the uplink data, which saves the uplink overhead.
  • the OLT can obtain accurate uplink data, which ensures accuracy.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an uplink data balancing system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the uplink data balancing system 1000 may include an OLT 1010 and an ONU 1020 connected to the OLT 1010. among them:
  • the OLT 1010 may be the OLT shown in FIG. 1; the ONU 1020 may be the ONU shown in FIG. 1;
  • the OLT 1010 may include the uplink data equalization apparatus shown in FIG. 8; the ONU 1020 may include the uplink data equalization apparatus shown in FIG.
  • the ONU uses the first preamble reporting capability information to the OLT, so that the OLT can detect whether the ONU balances the equalization capability according to the capability information, and the detection result is balanced. And calculating a tap coefficient according to the received first preamble with a channel response, and feeding the tap coefficient to the ONU; the ONU updates the tap coefficient of the first equalizer according to the received tap coefficient, and then sends the uplink data afterwards.
  • the second preamble transmits the uplink data that has been equalized by the first equalizer to the OLT. Thereafter, the OLT can balance the uplink data according to the received second preamble with the channel response by using the second equalizer; In the technology, a certain amount of uplink overhead is consumed; the effect of saving uplink overhead is achieved.
  • the ONU can use the second preamble with a shorter length to transmit the uplink data, which saves the uplink overhead.
  • the OLT can obtain accurate uplink data, which ensures accuracy.
  • a person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps of implementing the above embodiments may be completed by hardware, or may be instructed by a program to execute related hardware, and the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the storage medium mentioned may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供了一种上行数据均衡方法、装置和系统，涉及无源光网络技术领域，该方法包括：接收光网络单元ONU采用第一前导码发送的能力信息；若能力信息表示ONU具备均衡能力，则根据接收到的第一前导码计算抽头系数；发送抽头系数至ONU；ONU根据接收到的抽头系数更新ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数，并在后续发送上行数据时，采用第二前导码发送经过第一均衡器均衡后的上行数据，第二前导码的长度小于第一前导码的长度；接收ONU采用第二前导码发送的上行数据；通过OLT中的第二均衡器根据第二前导码对接收到的上行数据进行均衡。达到了可以降低上行开销的效果。

Description

上行数据均衡方法、装置和系统 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及无源光网络技术领域，特别涉及一种上行数据均衡方法、装置和系统。
背景技术
在无源光网络(Passive Optical Network，PON)中，在高上行速率的情况下，链路色散以及器件带宽限制所致的码间干扰(Inter Symbol Interference，ISI)将非常严重。
信道均衡技术是压制通信系统的ISI，进而保障链路性的现有技术手段。显然，其可以被应用于高速PON网络来缓解ISI问题。然而，PON网络上行突发模式较常规的连续型通信数据模式而言存在其特殊性，即：上行数据为多个不连续的短时突发块组成，且每个突发块与其相邻的其他突发块所经历的信道特性不同。因此，为了对每个短时突发块进行均衡，现有技术在实施过程中，必须通过延长每个短时突发块的前导码的长度，来使得光线路终端(Optical Line Terminal，OLT)可以根据延长后的前导码逐一提取每个短时突发块的信道特性，并据此对每个短时突发块进行相应的信道均衡。
在实现本发明的过程中，发明人发现上述上行数据均衡方法至少包括如下问题：
由于每个短时突发块的前导码都需要被延长，因此，上述方法无形中耗费了更高的上行开销。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中会耗费更高的上行开销的问题，本发明实施例提供了一种上行数据均衡方法、装置和系统。所述技术方案如下：
第一方面，提供了一种上行数据均衡方法，该上行数据均衡方法包括：
光网络单元(Optical Network Unit，ONU)采用第一前导码发送ONU的能力信息至OLT，能力信息用于表示ONU是否具备均衡能力。相应的，OLT 接收ONU采用第一前导码发送的能力信息。
OLT接收到能力信息之后，若能力信息表示ONU具备均衡能力，则OLT根据接收到的第一前导码计算抽头系数，发送抽头系数至ONU。相应的，ONU接收OLT反馈的抽头系数，并在接收到抽头系数之后，根据抽头系数更新ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数。
此后，ONU需要发送上行数据时，ONU通过第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡，采用第二前导码发送均衡后的上行数据至OLT。相应的，OLT接收ONU采用第二前导码发送的上行数据，通过OLT中的第二均衡器根据第二前导码对接收到的上行数据进行均衡。
ONU通过采用第一前导码上报能力信息至OLT，使得OLT可以根据该能力信息检测ONU是否均衡均衡能力，并在检测结果为具备均衡能力时，根据接收到的带有信道响应的第一前导码计算抽头系数，反馈抽头系数至ONU；ONU根据接收到的抽头系数更新自身的第一均衡器的抽头系数，并在之后发送上行数据时，采用长度较短的第二前导码发送通过第一均衡器均衡后的上行数据至OLT，此后，OLT即可通过第二均衡器根据接收到的带有信道响应的第二前导码对上行数据进行均衡；解决了现有技术中会耗费更高的上行开销的问题；达到了可以降低所需耗费的上行开销的效果。
在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，ONU根据抽头系数更新第一均衡器的抽头系数之前的步骤可以在ONU上线过程中执行。
通过在ONU注册上线时，对第一均衡器的抽头系数进行更新，使得后续发送上行数据时，可以采用长度较短的第二前导码来发送上行数据，进一步降低了所需耗用的上行开销。
在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，当上述方法用于EPON系统时；
ONU采用第一前导码发送能力信息至OLT的步骤可以包括：
采用默认的第一前导码发送注册要求消息REGISTER_REQ至OLT，REGISTER_REQ中携带有能力信息。
相应的，OLT接收ONU采用第一前导码发送的能力信息，包括：
接收ONU采用默认的第一前导码发送的注册要求消息REGISTER_REQ，REGISTER_REQ中携带有能力信息；
OLT发送抽头系数至ONU，包括：
发送第一确认授权消息REGISTER1至ONU，REGISTER1中携带有抽头 系数；或者，发送第二确认授权消息GATE2至ONU，GATE2中携带有抽头系数。
ONU接收OLT反馈的抽头系数，包括：
接收OLT发送的第一确认授权消息REGISTER1，REGISTER1中携带有抽头系数；或者，接收OLT发送的第二确认授权消息GATE2，GATE2中携带有抽头系数。
当上述方法用于GPON系统或者XG-PON系统中时；由于GPON系统或者XG-PON系统中，第一前导码的长度和样式以及第二前导码的长度和样式为OLT下发至ONU，且两者可以同时发送，也可以分别发送，因此，在第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，
该方法还包括：
OLT发送第一下行消息至ONU；第一下行消息中携带有第一前导码的长度和样式，以及，第二前导码的长度和样式；当OLT应用于GPON系统时，第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当OLT应用于XG-PON系统时，第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；相应的，ONU接收OLT发送的第一下行消息；第一下行消息中携带有第一前导码的长度和样式，以及，第二前导码的长度和样式；其中，当ONU应用于GPON系统时，第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当ONU应用于XG-PON系统时，第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；
ONU采用第一前导码发送ONU的能力信息至OLT，包括：根据第一下行消息采用第一前导码发送第一上行消息至OLT，第一上行消息中携带有能力信息，第一上行消息为ONU注册上线时在第一下行消息之后的消息，第一上行消息为ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU或者测距回应消息Registration；相应的，OLT接收ONU采用第一前导码发送的能力信息，包括：接收ONU根据第一下行消息采用第一前导码发送的第一上行消息；第一上行消息中携带有能力信息，第一上行消息为ONU注册上线时在第一下行消息之后的消息，第一上行消息为ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU；
OLT发送抽头系数至ONU，包括：发送第二下行消息至ONU；第二下行消息中携带有抽头系数，第二下行消息为ONU注册上线时在第一上行消息之后的消息，第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。相应的，ONU接收 OLT反馈的抽头系数，包括：接收OLT发送的第二下行消息，第二下行消息中携带有抽头系数，第二下行消息为ONU注册上线时在第一上行消息之后的消息，第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
在第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，
该方法还包括：
OLT发送第一下行消息至ONU；第一下行消息中携带有第一前导码的长度和样式；当OLT应用于GPON系统时，第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当OLT应用于XG-PON系统时，第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；相应的，接收OLT发送的第一下行消息；第一下行消息中携带有第一前导码的长度和样式；其中，当OLT应用于GPON系统时，第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当OLT应用于XG-PON系统时，第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；
ONU采用第一前导码发送ONU的能力信息至OLT，包括：
根据第一下行消息采用第一前导码发送第一上行消息至OLT，第一上行消息中携带有能力信息，第一上行消息为ONU注册上线时在第一下行消息之后的消息，第一上行消息为ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU或者测距回应消息Registration；相应的，接收ONU采用第一前导码发送的能力信息，包括：接收ONU根据第一下行消息采用第一前导码发送的第一上行消息；第一上行消息中携带有能力信息，第一上行消息为ONU注册上线时在第一下行消息之后的消息，第一上行消息为ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU；
OLT发送抽头系数至ONU，包括：发送第二下行消息至ONU；第二下行消息中携带有抽头系数以及第二前导码的长度和样式，第二下行消息为ONU注册上线时在第一上行消息之后的消息，第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。相应的，ONU接收OLT反馈的抽头系数，包括：
接收OLT发送的第二下行消息，第二下行消息中携带有抽头系数以及第二前导码的长度和样式，第二下行消息为ONU注册上线时在第一上行消息之后的消息，第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
结合第一方面，或者，第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式至第四种可能的 实现方式中的任一种，在第五种可能的实现方式中，在ONU接收到OLT发送的抽头系数之后，ONU可以反馈第一确认信息至OLT，相应的，OLT可以接收到该第一确认信息。其中，OLT接收到该第一确认信息之后，OLT可以获知ONU已成功抽头系数，也即已对ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数成功赋值。
结合第一方面，或者，第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式至第五种可能的实现方式中的任一种，在第六种可能的实现方式中，由于随着时间的变化，ONU和OLT之间的信道响应会发生变化，因此，为了保证准确度，还可以对ONU中的抽头系数进行更新。具体的，该方法包括：
OLT向具备均衡能力的ONU发送系数更新通知消息；ONU接收OLT发送的系数更新通知消息；
ONU采用第一前导码发送更新确认消息至OLT，OLT根据接收到的更新通知消息中的第一前导码重新计算抽头系数，反馈抽头系数；相应的，OLT接收ONU采用第一前导码发送的更新确认消息。
OLT接收到更新确认消息之后，根据更新确认消息中携带的第一前导码重新计算抽头系数；反馈计算得到的抽头系数至ONU。
ONU接收OLT反馈的抽头系数；根据接收到的抽头系数更新第一均衡器的抽头系数；当需要发送上行数据时，通过第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡；采用第二前导码发送均衡后的上行数据至OLT；相应的，OLT接收ONU发送的携带有第二前导码的上行数据；通过第二均衡器根据第二前导码对接收到的上行数据进行均衡。第二前导码的长度小于第一前导码的长度。
结合第一方面的第六种可能的实现方式，在第七种可能的实现方式中，在ONU接收到OLT反馈的更新后的抽头系数之后，ONU可以反馈第二确认信息至OLT，相应的，OLT可以接收到该第二确认信息。其中，OLT接收到第二确认信息之后，OLT可以确定ONU已经成功接收到更新后的抽头系数，也即ONU已经对第一均衡器的抽头系数重新赋值成功。
上述关于OLT侧的步骤可以实现成为OLT侧的上行数据均衡方法，关于ONU侧的步骤可以单独实现成为ONU侧的上行数据均衡方法。
第二方面，提供了一种上行数据均衡系统，该系统包括ONU和OLT。其中，
ONU，用于采用第一前导码发送ONU的能力信息至OLT，能力信息表示ONU是否具备均衡能力；
OLT，用于接收ONU采用第一前导码发送的能力信息，若能力信息表示ONU具备均衡能力，则根据接收到的第一前导码计算抽头系数；发送抽头系数至ONU；
ONU，还用于接收抽头系数，根据抽头系数更新ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数，通过第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡，采用第二前导码发送均衡后的上行数据至OLT，第二前导码的长度小于第一前导码的长度；
OLT，还用于接收ONU采用第二前导码发送的上行数据，通过OLT中的第二均衡器根据第二前导码对接收到的上行数据进行均衡。
第三方面，提供了一种上行数据均衡装置，所述上行数据均衡装置用于OLT中，所述上行数据均衡装置包括：处理器和与处理器相连的通信接口；所述处理器被配置为执行指令，所述处理器通过执行指令来实现上述第一方面所述的有关OLT侧的上行数据均衡方法。
第四方面，提供了一种上行数据均衡装置，所述上行数据均衡装置用于ONU中，所述上行数据均衡装置包括：处理器和与处理器相连的通信接口；所述处理器被配置为执行指令，所述处理器通过执行指令来实现上述第一方面所述的有关ONU侧的上行数据均衡方法。
第五方面，提供了一种上行数据均衡装置，所述上行数据均衡装置用于OLT中，所述上行数据均衡装置包括至少一个单元，该至少一个单元用于实现上述第一方面中所提供的上行数据均衡方法。
第六方面，提供了一种上行数据均衡装置，所述上行数据均衡装置用于ONU中，所述上行数据均衡装置包括至少一个单元，该至少一个单元用于实现上述第一方面中所提供的上行数据均衡方法。
第七方面，提供了一种上行数据均衡系统，该系统包括OLT和ONU；其中，OLT包括第三方面所述的上行数据均衡装置；ONU包括第四方面所述的上行数据均衡装置。
第八方面，提供了一种上行数据均衡系统，该系统包括OLT和ONU；其中，OLT包括第五方面所述的上行数据均衡装置；ONU包括第六方面所述的上行数据均衡装置。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所 需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明各个实施例提供的上行数据均衡方法所涉及的实施环境的示意图。
图2是本发明一个实施例提供的上行数据均衡方法的流程图。
图3A是本发明另一个实施例提供的上行数据均衡方法的流程图。
图3B是本发明另一个实施例提供的另一上行数据均衡方法的流程图。
图4A是本发明再一个实施例提供的上行数据均衡方法的流程图。
图4B、4C和4D是本发明再一个实施例提供的上行数据均衡方法的简图。
图5A是本发明再一个实施例提供的上行数据均衡方法的流程图。
图5B、5C和5D是本发明再一个实施例提供的上行数据均衡方法的简图。
图6A是本发明再一个实施例提供的抽头系数更新方法的流程图。
图6B和6C是本发明再一个实施例提供的抽头系数更新方法的简图。
图7是本发明一个实施例提供的上行数据均衡装置的结构示意图。
图8是本发明一个实施例提供的上行数据均衡装置的结构示意图。
图9是本发明另一个实施例提供的上行数据均衡装置的结构示意图。
图10是本发明一个实施例提供的上行数据均衡系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
请参考图1，其示出了本发明各个实施例提供的上行数据均衡方法所涉及的实施环境的示意图。如图1所示，该实施环境可以包括：OLT120和ONU140。
OLT120是光接入网的核心部件，其是一个多业务提供平台。实际实现时，OLT120一般放置在局端，用于提供面向用户的无源光纤网络的光纤接口。OLT120的主要功能如下：第一，上连上层网络，完成PON网络的上行接入；第二，通过光分配网(Optical Distribution Network，ODN)网络下连ONU140，实现对ONU140的控制、管理和测距等功能。在本发明各个实施例中，OLT120中可以包括第二均衡器，该第二均衡器用于对接收到ONU140发送的上行数据 进行均衡。
ONU140是光网络中的用户端设备。实际实现时，ONU140一般放置在用户端，与OLT120配合实现以太网二层、以太网三层功能，为用户提供语音、数据和多媒体业务。ONU140的主要功能如下：第一，选择接收OLT发送的数据；第二，对用户的以太网数据进行缓存，并在OLT分配的发送窗口中向上行方向发送。在本实施例中，ONU140中包括第一均衡器，该第一均衡器用于对需要发送的上行数据进行均衡。
其中，OLT120和ONU140可以通过光纤连接。
需要说明的是，该上行数据均衡方法可以用于以太网无源光网络(Ethernet PON，EPON)系统、吉比特无源光网络(Gigabit-Capable PON，GPON)系统或者XG-PON系统中，也即OLT120和ONU140可以用于EPON系统、GPON系统或者XG-PON系统中。
请参考图2，其示出了本发明一个实施例提供的上行数据均衡方法的方法实施例。如图2所示，该上行数据均衡方法可以包括：
步骤201，ONU采用第一前导码发送ONU的能力信息至OLT，能力信息用于表示ONU是否具备均衡能力。
步骤202，OLT接收ONU采用第一前导码发送的能力信息。
步骤203，若能力信息表示ONU具备均衡能力，则OLT根据接收到的第一前导码计算抽头系数。
步骤204，OLT发送抽头系数至ONU。
步骤205，ONU接收OLT反馈的抽头系数。
步骤206，ONU根据抽头系数更新ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数。
步骤207，ONU通过第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡。
步骤208，ONU采用第二前导码发送均衡后的上行数据至OLT。
步骤209，OLT接收ONU采用第二前导码发送的上行数据。
步骤210，OLT通过OLT中的第二均衡器根据第二前导码对接收到的上行数据进行均衡。
综上所述，本实施例提供的上行数据均衡方法，ONU通过采用第一前导码上报能力信息至OLT，使得OLT可以根据该能力信息检测ONU是否均衡均衡能力，并在检测结果为具备均衡能力时，根据接收到的带有信道响应的第一 前导码计算抽头系数，反馈抽头系数至ONU；ONU根据接收到的抽头系数更新自身的第一均衡器的抽头系数，并在之后发送上行数据时，采用长度较短的第二前导码发送通过第一均衡器均衡后的上行数据至OLT，此后，OLT即可通过第二均衡器根据接收到的带有信道响应的第二前导码对上行数据进行均衡；解决了现有技术中会耗费更高的上行开销的问题；达到了可以降低所需耗费的上行开销的效果。
上述实施例中，步骤201至步骤205可以在ONU注册上线的过程中执行。通过在ONU注册上线时设置ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数，使得ONU在后续发送上行数据时，可以采用长度较短的第二前导码进行发送，节省了上行开销。
请参考图3A，其示出了本发明另一实施例提供的上行数据均衡方法的方法流程图，本实施例以该方法用于图1所示的实施环境，且以应用于EPON系统来举例说明。如图3A所示，该上行数据均衡方法可以包括：
步骤301，OLT发送注册询问消息GATE1至ONU。
OLT定期下发注册询问消息并开窗。可选的，OLT可以发送GATE1至ONU。该GATE1中的目的地址(Destination Address，DA)为MAC(Media Access Control，媒介访问控制)控制组播地址；源地址(Source Address，SA)是对于源OLT端的MAC地址；内容为授权消息、时间同步消息和发现信息。
步骤302，ONU接收OLT发送的GATE1。
步骤303，ONU采用默认的第一前导码发送注册要求消息REGISTER_REQ至OLT，REGISTER_REQ中携带有能力信息。
第一前导码为设计人员在ONU中预先设置长度和样式的前导码。
具体的，REGISTER_REQ中包括ONU的能力信息。比如，ONU具备均衡能力，则REGISTER_REQ中包括表示具备均衡能力的能力信息‘1’；反之，若ONU不具备均衡能力，则REGISTER_REQ中包括表示不具备均衡能力的能力信息‘0’。
作为一种可能的实现方式，REGISTER_REQ中的发现信息域(Discovery Information Fields)的Bit6-15被扩展，在扩展中增加该能力信息。比如，增加ONU具备均衡能力(ONU is pre-equalization capable)，或者，增加ONU不具 备均衡能力(ONU is not pre-equalization capable)。又比如，增加表示具备均衡能力的标识‘1’，或者，增加表示不具备均衡能力的标识‘0’。
作为另一种可能的实现方式，在REGISTER_REQ中的第27字节新增预均衡信息域(Pre-equalization Information Field)，在Pre-equalization Information Field中携带该能力信息。
可选的，该REGISTER_REQ中的DA为MAC控制组播地址，SA为对于源OLT端的MAC地址，内容为等待授权消息、发现信息、激光器开启时间和激光器关闭时间。其中，能力信息可以为内容中的一项，也即内容中包括上述信息的同时还包括能力信息。
需要说明的一点是，能力信息还可以携带在其他字段中，本实施例对此并不做限定。并且，本实施例也只是以REGISTER_REQ中包括上述内容为例，实际实现时还可以包括其他内容，本实施例只对与本申请有关的内容做介绍，对其包括的其他内容并不做限定。
需要说明的另一点是，ONU发送REGISTER_REQ时，ONU中的第一均衡器可以为关闭，也即ONU的均衡能力为关闭。可选的，第一均衡器还可以采用默认抽头系数对上行数据进行均衡，比如，采用的抽头系数为主抽头系数为1，其他从抽头系数为0，本实施例对此并不做限定。
步骤304，OLT接收ONU采用默认的第一前导码发送的REGISTER_REQ。
步骤305，若能力信息表示ONU具备均衡能力，则OLT根据接收到的第一前导码计算抽头系数。
OLT接收到ONU发送的REGISTER_REQ之后，根据REGISTER_REQ中的能力信息检测ONU是否具备均衡能力，若检测结果为ONU具备均衡能力，比如，REGISTER_REQ中携带的标识为‘1’，则OLT根据接收到的第一前导码计算抽头系数。
其中，OLT接收到的第一前导码为带有信道响应的前导码。OLT根据接收到的第一前导码计算抽头系数的计算方法可以包括：OLT采用最小均方(LeastMeOLT Square，LMS)算法、递归最小二乘(Recursive-Least-Squares，RLS)算法、最小均方误差(Minimum MeOLT Square Error，MMSE)算法、最小二乘(Least-Squares，LS)算法或者上述四种算法的衍生算法进行计算，本实施例对此并不做限定。
而若检测结果为ONU不具备均衡能力，则流程结束，本实施例对此并不 做限定。
步骤306，OLT发送第一确认授权消息REGISTER1至ONU，REGISTER1中携带有抽头系数。
OLT接收到REGISTER_REQ之后，若检测结果为ONU具备均衡能力，则OLT发送携带有计算得到的抽头系数的REGISTER1至ONU；而若检测结果为ONU不具备均衡能力，则OLT发送现有的REGISTER1也即发送不携带抽头系数的REGISTER1至ONU。
当需要发送携带有抽头系数的REGISTER1至ONU时，扩展原始REGISTER1，在扩展的REGISTER1中新增抽头系数。具体的，REGISTER1中的第29字节-第60字节为预留，本实施例在REGISTER1的29-X1字节新增预均衡系数信息域(Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field)，并在Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field中携带抽头系数。X1为整数，且REGISTER1中的第X1字节-第60字节继续预留。
REGISTER1中的DA为ONU MAC address，SA为OLT MAC address，内容为逻辑链路标识(Logical Link Identifier，LLID)、授权时间和等待授权。
步骤307，ONU接收OLT发送的REGISTER1。
步骤308，ONU根据抽头系数更新ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数。
在ONU接收到REGISTER1之后，提取REGISTER1中携带的抽头系数，并通过提取到的抽头系数更新ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数。
步骤309，OLT发送第二确认授权消息GATE2至ONU。
其中，GATE2中的DA为MAC控制组播地址，SA为OLT MAC地址，内容为授权信息。
本实施例只是以步骤308在步骤309之前执行为例，可选的，步骤308和步骤309可以同时执行，或者，先执行步骤309后执行步骤308，本实施例对此并不做限定。
步骤310，ONU接收OLT发送的GATE2。
步骤311，ONU反馈注册获取消息REGISTER_ACK至OLT，REGISTER_ACK中携带有第一确认信息。
REGISTER_ACK中DA为MAC控制组播地址，SA为ONU MAC地址，内容为对LLID的响应以及对同步时间的响应。
可选的，REGISTER_ACK中还可以包括第一确认信息，该第一确认信息 为ONU成功接收到抽头系数之后反馈的信息。具体的，在REGISTER_ACK的第26字节新增均衡系数设置确认域(Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field)，在该Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field中新增一个字节，用于表示向OLT确认ONU抽头系数赋值完毕。其中，Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field中的第27字节-第60字节继续预留。
需要说明的是，由于ONU在步骤308中已经更新抽头系数，因此，在ONU反馈REGISTER_ACK时，ONU可以采用第二前导码发送该REGISTER_ACK至OLT。其中，第二前导码的长度小于第一前导码的长度，第二前导码的长度和样式为设计人员预先配置在ONU中的。
步骤312，OLT接收ONU反馈的REGISTER_ACK。
OLT接收到REGISTER_ACK之后，完成与ONU之间的握手，ONU成功注册上线。此后，ONU可以与OLT进行数据交互。
步骤313，ONU通过第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡。
步骤314，ONU采用第二前导码发送均衡后的上行数据至OLT。
ONU更新第一均衡器的抽头系数之后，当需要发送上行数据时，ONU可以采用第二前导码发送经过第一均衡器均衡后的上行数据至OLT。其中，第二前导码的长度小于第一前导码的长度，并且，第二前导码的长度和样式为设计人员预先配置在ONU中的。
步骤315，OLT接收ONU采用第二前导码发送的上行数据。
步骤316，OLT通过OLT中的第二均衡器根据第二前导码对接收到的上行数据进行均衡。
在OLT接收到ONU采用第二前导码发送的上行数据之后，OLT中的第二均衡器可以根据接收到的带有信道响应的第二前导码对接收到的上行数据进行均衡，进而使其满足收敛条件。
步骤301至步骤312为ONU注册上线过程中执行的步骤，步骤313至步骤316为ONU成功上线之后发送上行数据的过程。
综上所述，本实施例提供的上行数据均衡方法，ONU通过采用第一前导码上报能力信息至OLT，使得OLT可以根据该能力信息检测ONU是否均衡均衡能力，并在检测结果为具备均衡能力时，根据接收到的带有信道响应的第一前导码计算抽头系数，反馈抽头系数至ONU；ONU根据接收到的抽头系数更新自身的第一均衡器的抽头系数，并在之后发送上行数据时，采用长度较短的 第二前导码发送通过第一均衡器均衡后的上行数据至OLT，此后，OLT即可通过第二均衡器根据接收到的带有信道响应的第二前导码对上行数据进行均衡；解决了现有技术中会耗费一定的上行开销的问题；达到了可以节省上行开销的效果。
上述实施例只是以OLT通过REGISTER1将抽头系数发送至ONU来举例，可选的，该抽头系数还可以在GATE2中发送至ONU。此时，请参考图3B，上述步骤306至步骤316可以替换为：
步骤3061，OLT发送第一确认授权消息REGISTER1至ONU。
OLT接收到REGISTER_REQ之后，OLT发送现有的REGISTER1也即发送不携带抽头系数的REGISTER1至ONU。
REGISTER1中的DA为ONU MAC address，SA为OLT MAC address，内容为LLID、授权时间和等待授权。
步骤3071，ONU接收OLT发送的REGISTER1。
步骤3081，OLT发送GATE2至ONU，GATE2中携带有抽头系数。
OLT接收到REGISTER_REQ之后，根据REGISTER_REQ中的能力信息检测ONU是否具备均衡能力，若检测结果为具备均衡能力，则在发送GATE2时，发送携带有抽头系数的GATE2至ONU。其中，GATE2中的DA为MAC控制组播地址，SA为OLT MAC地址，内容为授权信息。
具体的，GATE2消息中扩展有均衡系数信息域。其中，均衡系数信息域用于携带抽头系数。
比如，在GATE2消息的第45字节-第X2字节新增该预均衡系数信息域(Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field)，并在该Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field中携带抽头系数。其中，GATE2消息中的第X2字节-第60字节继续预留，X2为整数。
步骤3091，ONU接收OLT发送的GATE2。
步骤3100，ONU根据抽头系数更新ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数。
在ONU接收到GATE2之后，提取GATE2中携带的抽头系数，并通过提取到的抽头系数更新ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数。
步骤3111，ONU反馈确认信息REGISTER_ACK至OLT，REGISTER_ACK中携带有第一确认信息。
本实施例只是以步骤3100在步骤3111之前执行来举例，可选的，步骤3100和步骤3111还可以同时执行，或者先执行步骤3111后执行步骤3100，本实施例对此并不做限定。
步骤3121，OLT接收ONU反馈的REGISTER_ACK。
步骤3131，ONU通过第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡。
步骤3141，ONU采用第二前导码发送均衡后的上行数据至OLT。
步骤3151，OLT接收ONU采用第二前导码发送的上行数据。
步骤3161，OLT通过OLT中的第二均衡器根据第二前导码对接收到的上行数据进行均衡。
需要说明的是，步骤3091至步骤3161与上述实施例中的步骤309至步骤316类似，本实施例在此不再赘述。
另外，上述实施例只是以ONU接收到抽头系数之后，在发送REGISTER_ACK至OLT时，发送携带有第一确认信息的REGISTER_ACK，可选的，ONU还可以发送现有的REGISTER_ACK至OLT，本实施例对此并不做限定。
上述实施例以该上行数据均衡方法用于EPON系统中来举例，实际实现时，该上行数据均衡方法还可以用于GPON系统或者XG-PON系统中，并且，由于应用于GPON系统或者XG-PON系统时的实现方法类似，所以下述将对其进行统一说明。
另外，对于GPON系统或者XG-PON系统来说，由于前导码的长度和样式为设计人员预先配置在OLT中由OLT下发给ONU，且OLT可以将第一前导码的长度和样式以及第二前导码的长度和样式一同下发至ONU，也可以分别下发至ONU，因此下述将在不同实施例中对上述两种情况分别进行说明。
请参考图4A，其示出了本发明一个实施例提供的上行数据均衡方法的方法流程图，本实施例以该上行数据均衡方法用于图1所示的实施环境，且应用于GPON或者XG-PON系统中，OLT将第一前导码的长度和样式以及第二前导码的长度和样式一同下发至ONU来举例说明。如图4A所示，该上行数据均衡方法可以包括：
步骤401，OLT发送第一下行消息至ONU；第一下行消息中携带有第一前 导码的长度和样式，以及，第二前导码的长度和样式。
第一下行消息为ONU注册上线过程中的消息。并且，当OLT应用于GPON系统时，第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当OLT应用于XG-PON系统时，第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile。
具体的，第一下行消息中的DA为MAC控制组播地址；SA为OLT MAC地址；内容中包括第一前导码的长度和样式，以及，第二前导码的长度和样式。
步骤402，ONU接收OLT发送的第一下行消息。
步骤403，ONU根据第一下行消息采用第一前导码发送第一上行消息至OLT，第一上行消息中携带有能力信息。
ONU接收到第一下行消息之后，ONU可以发送携带有能力信息的Serial_Number_ONU至OLT。
具体的，Serial_Number_ONU的第17字节-第X3字节新增预均衡信息域(Pre-equalization Information Field)，Pre-equalization Information Field中扩展有ONU的能力信息。比如，Pre-equalization Information Field中扩展有ONU具备均衡能力(ONU is pre-equalization capable)，或者，ONU不具备均衡能力(ONU is not pre-equalization capable)。又比如，Pre-equalization Information Field中扩展有表示ONU具备均衡能力的标识‘1’，或者，表示ONU不具备均衡能力的标识‘0’。
可选的，第一下行消息中携带有第一前导码的长度和样式，所以ONU在发送Serial_Number_ONU时，可以根据第一下行消息中携带的第一前导码的长度和样式采用对应的第一前导码发送Serial_Number_ONU至OLT。采用的第一前导码的长度和样式为第一下行消息中携带的长度和样式。
可选的，Serial_Number_ONU中的DA为MAC控制组播地址，SA为ONU MAC地址，内容还可以包括未分配的ONU-ID、随机时延时间和供应商特定的序列号(VSSN)，本实施例在此不再赘述。
需要说明的是，与上述实施例类似，ONU在发送第一上行消息时，ONU中的第一均衡器可以为关闭，也即ONU的均衡能力为关闭。可选的，第一均衡器还可以采用默认抽头系数对上行数据进行均衡，本实施例对此并不做限定。
步骤404，OLT接收ONU根据第一下行消息采用第一前导码发送的第一上行消息。
步骤405，若能力信息表示ONU具备均衡能力，则OLT根据接收到的第一前导码计算抽头系数。
OLT接收到第一上行消息之后，OLT可以根据第一上行消息中携带的能力信息检测ONU是否具备均衡能力。若检测结果为ONU具备均衡能力，则此时，OLT可以根据带有信道响应的第一前导码计算抽头系数。
其中，OLT计算抽头系数的计算方法与上述实施例的计算方法类似，本实施例在此不再赘述。
步骤406，OLT发送第二下行消息至ONU；第二下行消息中携带有抽头系数。
OLT计算得到抽头系数之后，OLT可以发送携带有抽头系数的第二下行消息至ONU。其中，第二下行消息为ONU注册上线时在第一上行消息之后的消息，第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、授权测距消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
具体的，第二下行消息中扩展有均衡系数信息域(Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field)，Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field用于携带该抽头系数。
可选的，当第二下行消息为Assign_ONU-ID时，Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field可以为在Assign_ONU-ID的第15字节-第X4字节中扩展的信息域，并且，此时，Assign_ONU-ID中的第X4字节-第40字节继续预留。实际实现时，Assign_ONU-ID中还可以包括其他内容。比如，Assign_ONU-ID中的DA为MAC控制组播地址，SA为OLT MAC地址，内容还包括ONU ID和VSSN等等，本实施例在此不再赘述。
当第二下行消息为Request_Registration时，Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field可以为在Request_Registration的第5字节-第X5字节中扩展的信息域，并且，此时，Request_Registration中的第X5字节-第40字节继续预留。实际实现时，Request_Registration中的DA为ONU MAC控制组播地址，SA为OLT MAC地址，内容还包括ONU ID。
当第二下行消息为Ranging_Time时，Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field可以为在Ranging_Time的第10字节-第X6字节中扩展的信息域，并且，此时，Request_Registration中的第X6字节-第40字节继续预留。实际实现时，Ranging_Time中的DA为MAC控制组播地址，SA为OLT MAC 地址，内容中还包括均衡时延字段以及均衡时延值。
步骤407，ONU接收OLT发送的第二下行消息。
步骤408，ONU根据抽头系数更新ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数。
ONU中包括第一均衡器，ONU在接收到第二下行消息之后，提取第二下行消息中携带的抽头系数，并通过提取到的抽头系数更新第一均衡器的抽头系数。
步骤409，ONU通过第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡。
此后，当ONU需要发送上行数据时，ONU可以先通过抽头系数更新后的第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡。
步骤410，ONU发送第一确认信息至OLT。
其中，第一确认信息为ONU注册上线过程中在第二下行消息之后的消息。具体的，由于ONU注册上线过程中，测距响应消息Registration中不存在预留字段，因此，ONU可以在发送时延确认消息Acknowledge时，发送携带有该第一确认信息的Acknowledge。
具体的，ONU在Acknowledge中新增均衡系数设置确认域(Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field)，在该Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field中携带该第一确认信息，如携带‘1’。其中，Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field可以在Acknowledge中的第6字节。
步骤411，OLT接收该第一确认信息。
步骤412，ONU采用第二前导码发送均衡后的上行数据至OLT。
在对上行数据均衡之后，ONU采用第二前导码发送均衡后的上行数据至OLT。具体的，ONU可以根据第一下行消息中携带的第二前导码的长度和样式采用第二前导码发送均衡后的上行数据至OLT。也即，采用的第二前导码的长度和样式为第一下行消息中携带的第二前导码的长度和样式。
步骤413，OLT接收ONU采用第二前导码发送的上行数据。
步骤414，OLT通过OLT中的第二均衡器根据第二前导码对接收到的上行数据进行均衡。
OLT中包括第二均衡器，OLT接收到ONU发送的上行数据之后，OLT可以通过第二均衡器根据带有信道响应的第二前导码对接收到的上行数据进行均衡。
需要说明的是，上述仅示出了与本本实施例有关的步骤，实际实现时，该 上行数据均衡方法中还可以包括其他步骤。并且，由于第二下行消息可以为Assign_ONU-ID、Request_Registration或者Ranging_Time，所以，请参考图4B，4C和4D，其分别示出了第二下行消息为其中一种时，该上行数据均衡方法的完整的方法流程图。
综上所述，本实施例提供的上行数据均衡方法，ONU通过采用第一前导码上报能力信息至OLT，使得OLT可以根据该能力信息检测ONU是否均衡均衡能力，并在检测结果为具备均衡能力时，根据接收到的带有信道响应的第一前导码计算抽头系数，反馈抽头系数至ONU；ONU根据接收到的抽头系数更新自身的第一均衡器的抽头系数，并在之后发送上行数据时，采用长度较短的第二前导码发送通过第一均衡器均衡后的上行数据至OLT，此后，OLT即可通过第二均衡器根据接收到的带有信道响应的第二前导码对上行数据进行均衡；解决了现有技术中会耗费一定的上行开销的问题；达到了可以节省上行开销的效果。
上述实施例以第一前导码的长度和样式以及第二前导码的长度和样式同时发送至ONU来举例，可选的，两者还可以分别发送至ONU。对于此种情况，请参考图5A，该上行数据均衡方法可以包括：
步骤501，OLT发送第一下行消息至ONU；第一下行消息中携带有第一前导码的长度和样式。
本步骤与步骤401类似，不同的是，在本实施例中，第一下行消息中只携带有第一前导码的长度和样式。
步骤502，ONU接收OLT发送的第一下行消息。
步骤503，ONU根据第一下行消息采用第一前导码发送第一上行消息至OLT，第一上行消息中携带有能力信息。
ONU接收到第一下行消息之后，ONU可以发送携带有能力信息的Serial_Number_ONU至OLT。
本步骤与步骤403类似，本实施例在此不再赘述。
步骤504，OLT接收ONU根据第一下行消息采用第一前导码发送的第一上行消息。
步骤505，若能力信息表示ONU具备均衡能力，则OLT根据接收到的第一前导码计算抽头系数。
OLT接收到第一上行消息之后，OLT可以根据第一上行消息中携带的能力信息检测ONU是否具备均衡能力。若检测结果为ONU具备均衡能力，则此时，OLT可以根据带有信道响应的第一前导码计算抽头系数。
其中，OLT计算抽头系数的计算方法与上述实施例的计算方法类似，本实施例在此不再赘述。
步骤506，OLT发送第二下行消息至ONU；第二下行消息中携带有抽头系数以及第二前导码的长度和样式。
OLT计算得到抽头系数之后，OLT可以发送携带有抽头系数的第二下行消息至ONU。其中，第二下行消息为ONU注册上线时在第一上行消息之后的消息，第二下行消息为Assign_ONU-ID、Request_Registration或者Ranging_Time。
与步骤406不同的是，在本实施例中，第二下行消息在扩展有Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field的同时，还可以扩展前导码定义域，该前导码定义域用于携带第二前导码的长度和样式。具体的，Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field和前导码定义域均可以占用第二下行消息中的预留字段，并且对于其具体占用的预留字段，本实施例在此并不做赘述。
步骤507，ONU接收OLT发送的第二下行消息。
步骤508，ONU根据抽头系数更新ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数。
ONU中包括第一均衡器，ONU在接收到第二下行消息之后，提取第二下行消息中携带的抽头系数，并通过提取到的抽头系数更新第一均衡器的抽头系数。
步骤509，ONU通过第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡。
此后，当ONU需要发送上行数据时，ONU可以先通过抽头系数更新后的第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡。
步骤510，ONU发送第一确认信息至OLT。
其中，第二上行消息为ONU注册上线过程中在第二下行消息之后的消息。具体的，由于ONU注册上线过程中，测距响应消息Registration中不存在预留字段，因此，ONU可以在发送时延确认消息Acknowledge时，发送携带有该第一确认信息的Acknowledge。
实际实现时，ONU在Acknowledge中新增均衡系数设置确认域(Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field)，在该Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment  Field中携带该第一确认信息，如携带‘1’。其中，Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field可以在Acknowledge中的第6字节。
步骤511，OLT接收该第一确认信息。
步骤512，ONU采用第二前导码发送均衡后的上行数据至OLT。
在对上行数据均衡之后，ONU采用第二前导码发送均衡后的上行数据至OLT。具体的，ONU可以根据第二下行消息中携带的第二前导码的长度和样式采用第二前导码发送均衡后的上行数据至OLT。也即，采用的第二前导码的长度和样式为第二下行消息中携带的第二前导码的长度和样式。
步骤513，OLT接收ONU采用第二前导码发送的上行数据。
步骤514，OLT通过OLT中的第二均衡器根据第二前导码对接收到的上行数据进行均衡。
OLT中包括第二均衡器，OLT接收到ONU发送的上行数据之后，OLT可以通过第二均衡器根据带有信道响应的第二前导码对接收到的上行数据进行均衡。
需要说明的是，上述仅示出了与本本实施例有关的步骤，实际实现时，该上行数据均衡方法中还可以包括其他步骤。并且，由于第二下行消息可以为Assign_ONU-ID、Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time，所以，请参考图5B，5C和5D，其分别示出了第二下行消息为其中一种时，该上行数据均衡方法的完整的方法流程图。
综上所述，本实施例提供的上行数据均衡方法，ONU通过采用第一前导码上报能力信息至OLT，使得OLT可以根据该能力信息检测ONU是否均衡均衡能力，并在检测结果为具备均衡能力时，根据接收到的带有信道响应的第一前导码计算抽头系数，反馈抽头系数至ONU；ONU根据接收到的抽头系数更新自身的第一均衡器的抽头系数，并在之后发送上行数据时，采用长度较短的第二前导码发送通过第一均衡器均衡后的上行数据至OLT，此后，OLT即可通过第二均衡器根据接收到的带有信道响应的第二前导码对上行数据进行均衡；解决了现有技术中会耗费一定的上行开销的问题；达到了可以节省上行开销的效果。
在上述各个实施例中，由于随着时间的变化，OLT和ONU之间的信道响应会不断发生变化，因此，为了保证准确度，OLT可以对抽头系数进行更新。 具体的，请参考图6A，该上行数据均衡方法还可以包括如下步骤：
步骤601，OLT向具备均衡能力的ONU发送系数更新通知消息。
可选的，本步骤可以包括两种实现方式。第一种，OLT可以每隔预定时间间隔向具备均衡能力的ONU发送系数更新通知消息。第二种，OLT获取与具备均衡能力的ONU之间的通信指标，当该通信指标符合预设条件时向该ONU发送系数更新通知消息。其中，通信指标包括均方误差(Mean Square Error，MSE)，或者，误码率(Bit Error Rate，BER)，或者，同时包括上述两者。
对于上述第二种实现方式，当通信指标为MSE时，OLT接收到具有均衡能力的ONU采用第二前导码发送的上行数据后，根据该第二前导码计算MSE，将计算得到的MSE与根据第一前导码计算得到的MSE比较，若差值大于第一阈值，则OLT向该ONU发送该系数更新通知消息。而当通信指标为BER时，OLT接收到具有均衡能力的ONU采用第二前导码发送的上行数据之后，计算接收到的整个上行突发块的BER，并且与MSE类似的是，OLT可以将计算得到的BER与计算得到的ONU采用第一前导码发送的整个上行突发块的BER比较，若差值大于第二阈值，则向该ONU发送系数更新通知消息。
需要说明的是，本实施例只是以OLT通过上述两种实现方式发送系数更新通知消息，并且也只是以通信指标包括上述两种中的至少一种来举例，可选的，OLT还可以通过其他实现方式发送系数更新通知消息，本实施例对此并不做限定。
步骤602，ONU接收OLT发送的系数更新通知消息。
步骤603，ONU采用第一前导码发送更新确认消息至OLT。
ONU接收到系数更新通知消息之后，ONU可以采用第一前导码发送更新确认消息至OLT。
步骤604，OLT接收ONU采用第一前导码发送的更新确认消息。
在接收到更新确认消息之后，OLT可以相应的接收到带有当前信道的信道响应的第一前导码。
步骤605，OLT根据更新确认消息中携带的第一前导码重新计算抽头系数。
本步骤与上述实施例中的抽头系数的计算方法类似，在此不再赘述。
步骤606，OLT反馈计算得到的抽头系数至ONU。
步骤607，ONU接收OLT反馈的抽头系数。
步骤608，ONU根据接收到的抽头系数更新第一均衡器的抽头系数。
步骤609，ONU接收到该抽头系数之后，发送第二确认信息至OLT。
步骤610，OLT接收该第二确认信息。
步骤611，ONU通过第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡。
步骤612，ONU采用第二前导码发送均衡后的上行数据至OLT。
步骤613，OLT接收ONU发送的携带有第二前导码的上行数据。
步骤614，OLT通过第二均衡器根据第二前导码对接收到的上行数据进行均衡。
上述步骤可以用于对EPON系统中的抽头系数进行更新，也可以用于对GPON或者XG-PON系统中的抽头系数进行更新。
当对EPON系统中的抽头系数进行更新时，由于EPON系统基于GATE来发送下行消息，基于REPORT来发送上行消息。所以此时，可以基于GATE和REPORT来实现抽头系数的更新。
请参考图6B，OLT通过第三选通消息GATE3发送系数更新通知消息至ONU，ONU通过第二报告消息REPORT2反馈更新确认消息；并且，OLT通过第四选通消息GATE4发送计算得到的抽头系数至ONU，ONU通过第三报告消息REPORT3反馈第二确认信息。
其中，GATE3中扩展有预均衡系数更新通知域(Pre-equalization Update Notice Field)，在该Pre-equalization Update Notice Field中携带系数更新通知消息。比如，携带有OLT要求预均衡更新(OLT requests pre-equalization update)，或者，携带有OLT不要求预均衡更新(OLT does not request pre-equalization update)；又比如，携带有表示要求预均衡更新的标识‘1’，或者，携带有不要求预均衡更新的标识‘0’。实际实现时，Pre-equalization Update Notice Field可以为GATE2消息中的第45字节，而第46字节-第60字节继续预留。
GATE4中扩展有预均衡系数信息域(Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field)，在该Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field中携带有抽头系数。实际实现时，Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field可以为GATE3消息中的第45-X字节扩展，而第X-60字节继续预留。
REPORT2中扩展有预均衡系统更新通知确认域(Echoed Pre-Equalization Update Notice Field)，在Echoed Pre-Equalization Update Notice Field中携带更新确认消息。实际实现时，Echoed Pre-Equalization Update Notice Field在报告位映像域(Report bitmap Field)之后。
REPORT3中扩展有预均衡系数设置确认域(Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field)，Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field中携带该第二确认信息。实际实现时，Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field可以在报告位映像域(Report bitmap Field)之后。
当用于对GPON系统或者XG-PON系统中的抽头系数更新时，两者的实现类似，本实施例以对XG-PON系统中的抽头系数更新来举例。在XG-PON系统中，OLT通过Profile消息来发送下行消息，并通过Acknowledge来接收上行消息。因此，结合图6C，OLT可以通过Profile2发送系数更新通知消息至ONU，ONU通过Acknowledge2反馈更新确认消息；OLT通过Profile3发送重新计算得到的抽头系数，ONU通过Acknowledge3反馈第二确认信息。
具体的，Profile2中扩展有Pre-equalization Update Notice Field，在Pre-equalization Update Notice Field中携带系数更新通知消息。比如，携带有OLT requests pre-equalization update，或者，携带OLT does not request pre-equalization update；又比如，携带有表示要求预均衡更新的标识‘1’，或者，携带有不要求预均衡更新的标识‘0’。实际实现时，Pre-equalization Update Notice Field可以为Profile2消息中的第34字节，而其他预留字节继续预留。可选的，Profile2中扩展有Pre-equalization Update Notice Field的同时，还可以扩展有前导码定义域，该前导码定义域中定义了第一前导码的长度和样式，以便ONU接收到该系数更新通知消息之后，可以采用第一前导码发送更新确认消息。具体的，该前导码定义域可以在Profile2中的第16字节，本实施例对此并不做限定。
Profile3中扩展有Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field，在该Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field中携带有抽头系数。实际实现时，Pre-equalization Coefficients Information Field可以为Profile3消息中的第35-X字节扩展，而第X-40字节继续预留。
Acknowledge2中扩展有Echoed Pre-Equalization Update Notice Field，在Echoed Pre-Equalization Update Notice Field中携带更新确认消息。实际实现时，Echoed Pre-Equalization Update Notice Field在Acknowledge2的第6字节。
Acknowledge3中扩展有Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field，Echoed Pre-Equalization Assignment Field中携带该第二确认信息。实际实现时，Echoed  Pre-Equalization Assignment Field可以在Acknowledge3的第7字节，本实施例对此并不做限定。
需要说明的是，本实施例只是以ONU接收到OLT发送的更新后的抽头系数之后，反馈第二确认信息至OLT来举例，可选的，实际实现时，ONU还可以不反馈第二确认信息，本实施例对此并不做限定。
上述各个实施例中有关OLT侧的步骤可以单独实现成为OLT侧的上行数据均衡方法，有关ONU侧的步骤可以单独实现成为ONU侧的方法。
请参考图7，其示出了本发明一个示例性实施例提供的上行数据均衡装置的结构示意图。该上行数据均衡装置可以实现为OLT中的全部或者部分。该OLT包括：处理器711、通信总线712、存储器713以及通信接口714。
处理器711可以包括一个或者一个以上中央处理单元(英文：Central Processing Unit，缩写：CPU)。处理器711通过运行软件程序以及模块，从而执行各种功能应用以及业务数据处理。
通信接口714可以包含有线网络接口，比如以太网接口，也可以包含无线网络接口。该通信接口714用于接收上级/下级设备发送的数据包，和/或，将数据包转发至上级/下级设备。
存储器713和通信接口714分别通过通信总线712与处理器711相连。
存储器713可用于存储软件程序以及模块，该软件程序以及模块由处理器711执行。此外，该存储器713中还可以存储各类业务数据和用户数据。
在本发明实施例中，存储器713中存储操作系统781、接收模块782、处理模块783、发送模块784和至少一个其它功能所需的应用程序785等，处理器720通过调用存储器713中存储的各个模块来执行上述实施例中有关OLT侧的上行数据均衡方法；此外，存储器713可以由任何类型的易失性或非易失性存储设备或者它们的组合实现。
需要说明的是，上述实施例只是以上行数据均衡装置实现成为OLT中的全部或者部分来举例，可选的，该装置还可以实现成为ONU中的全部或者部分。并且当该装置实现成为ONU中的全部或者部分时，处理器720通过调用存储器713中存储的各个模块来实现上述实施例中有关ONU侧的上行数据均衡方法。
请参考图8，其示出了本发明一个实施例提供的上行数据均衡装置的结构示意图，本实施例以该上行数据均衡装置用于OLT中。如图8所示，该上行数据均衡装置包括：接收单元810、处理单元820和发送单元830。
接收单元810，用于接收光网络单元ONU采用第一前导码发送的能力信息，所述能力信息用于表示所述ONU是否具备均衡能力；
处理单元820，用于在所述能力信息表示所述ONU具备均衡能力时，根据接收到的所述第一前导码计算抽头系数；
发送单元830，用于发送所述抽头系数至所述ONU；所述ONU根据接收到的所述抽头系数更新所述ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数，并在后续发送上行数据时，采用第二前导码发送经过所述第一均衡器均衡后的所述上行数据，所述第二前导码的长度小于所述第一前导码的长度；
所述接收单元810，还用于接收所述ONU采用所述第二前导码发送的所述上行数据；
所述处理单元820，还用于通过所述OLT中的第二均衡器根据所述第二前导码对接收到的所述上行数据进行均衡。
可选的，所述接收单元810，还用于在所述ONU注册上线的过程中，执行所述接收光网络单元ONU采用第一前导码发送的能力信息的步骤；
所述处理单元820，还用于在所述ONU注册上线的过程中，执行所述在所述能力信息表示所述ONU具备均衡能力，则根据接收到的所述第一前导码计算抽头系数的步骤；
所述发送单元830，还用于在所述ONU注册上线的过程中，执行所述发送所述抽头系数至所述ONU的步骤。
可选的，所述OLT应用于以太网无源光网络EPON系统中；
所述接收单元810，还用于接收所述ONU采用默认的所述第一前导码发送的注册要求消息REGISTER_REQ，所述REGISTER_REQ中携带有所述能力信息；
所述发送单元830，还用于发送第一确认授权消息REGISTER1至所述ONU，所述REGISTER1中携带有所述抽头系数；或者，发送第二确认授权消息GATE2至所述OUN，所述GATE2中携带有所述抽头系数。
可选的，所述OLT应用于吉比特无源光网络GPON系统，或者，XG-PON 系统；
所述发送单元830，还用于发送第一下行消息至所述ONU；所述第一下行消息中携带有所述第一前导码的长度和样式，以及，所述第二前导码的长度和样式；当所述OLT应用于GPON系统时，所述第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当所述OLT应用于XG-PON系统时，所述第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；
所述接收单元810，还用于接收所述ONU根据所述第一下行消息采用所述第一前导码发送的第一上行消息；所述第一上行消息中携带有所述能力信息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一下行消息之后的消息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU；
所述发送单元830，还用于发送第二下行消息至所述ONU；所述第二下行消息中携带有所述抽头系数，所述第二下行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一上行消息之后的消息，所述第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
可选的，所述OLT应用于吉比特无源光网络GPON系统，或者，XG-PON系统；
所述发送单元830，还用于发送第一下行消息至所述ONU；所述第一下行消息中携带有所述第一前导码的长度和样式；当所述OLT应用于GPON系统时，所述第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当所述OLT应用于XG-PON系统时，所述第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；
所述接收单元810，还用于接收所述ONU根据所述第一下行消息采用所述第一前导码发送的第一上行消息；所述第一上行消息中携带有所述能力信息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一下行消息之后的消息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU；
所述发送单元830，还用于发送第二下行消息至所述ONU；所述第二下行消息中携带有所述抽头系数以及所述第二前导码的长度和样式，所述第二下行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一上行消息之后的消息，所述第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
可选的，所述装置还包括：
所述发送单元830，还用于向具备均衡能力的所述ONU发送系数更新通知消息；
所述接收单元810，还用于接收所述ONU采用所述第一前导码发送的更新确认消息；
所述处理单元820，还用于根据所述更新确认消息中携带的所述第一前导码重新计算所述抽头系数；
所述发送单元830，还用于反馈计算得到的所述抽头系数至所述ONU，所述抽头系数用于指示所述ONU更新所述第一均衡器的抽头系数，并在后续发送上行数据时，采用第二前导码发送经过所述第一均衡器均衡后的所述上行数据；
所述接收单元810，还用于接收所述ONU发送的携带有所述第二前导码的所述上行数据；
所述处理单元820，还用于通过所述第二均衡器根据所述第二前导码对接收到的所述上行数据进行均衡。
综上所述，本实施例提供的上行数据均衡装置，通过接收ONU采用第一前导码上报的能力信息，根据该能力信息检测ONU是否均衡均衡能力，并在检测结果为具备均衡能力时，根据接收到的带有信道响应的第一前导码计算抽头系数，反馈抽头系数至ONU；ONU根据接收到的抽头系数更新自身的第一均衡器的抽头系数，并在之后发送上行数据时，采用长度较短的第二前导码发送通过第一均衡器均衡后的上行数据至OLT，此后，OLT即可通过第二均衡器根据接收到的带有信道响应的第二前导码对上行数据进行均衡；解决了现有技术中会耗费一定的上行开销的问题；达到了可以节省上行开销的效果。
通过在ONU注册上线时设置ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数，使得ONU在后续发送上行数据时，可以采用长度较短的第二前导码进行发送，节省了上行开销。
通过对ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数进行更新，使得ONU在发送均衡后的上行数据至OLT之后，OLT可以得到准确的上行数据，保证了准确度。
请参考图9，其示出了本发明一个实施例提供的上行数据均衡装置的结构示意图，本实施例以该上行数据均衡装置用于ONU中。如图9所示，该上行数据均衡装置可以包括：发送单元910、接收单元920和处理单元930；
发送单元910，用于采用第一前导码发送所述ONU的能力信息至光线路终端OLT，所述能力信息用于表示所述ONU是否具备均衡能力；所述OLT用于在所述能力信息表示所述ONU具备均衡能力时，根据接收到的所述第一前导码计算抽头系数，反馈所述抽头系数；
接收单元920，用于接收所述OLT反馈的所述抽头系数；
处理单元930，用于根据所述抽头系数更新所述ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数；
所述处理单元930，还用于通过所述第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡；
所述发送单元910，还用于采用第二前导码发送均衡后的所述上行数据至所述OLT，所述OLT通过所述OLT中的第二均衡器根据所述第二前导码对接收到的所述上行数据进行均衡；所述第二前导码的长度小于所述第一前导码的长度。
可选的，所述发送单元910，还用于在所述ONU注册上线的过程中，执行所述采用第一前导码发送所述ONU的能力信息至光线路终端OLT的步骤；
所述接收单元920，还用于在所述ONU注册上线的过程中，执行所述接收所述OLT反馈的所述抽头系数的步骤。
可选的，所述ONU应用于以太网无源光网络EPON系统；
所述发送单元910，还用于采用默认的所述第一前导码发送注册要求消息REGISTER_REQ至所述OLT，所述REGISTER_REQ中携带有所述能力信息；
所述接收单元920，还用于接收所述OLT发送的第一确认授权消息REGISTER1，所述REGISTER1中携带有所述抽头系数；或者，接收所述OLT发送的第二确认授权消息GATE2，所述GATE2中携带有所述抽头系数。
可选的，所述ONU应用于吉比特无源光网络GPON系统，或者，XG-PON系统；
所述接收单元920，还用于接收所述OLT发送的第一下行消息；所述第一下行消息中携带有所述第一前导码的长度和样式，以及，所述第二前导码的长度和样式；其中，当所述ONU应用于GPON系统时，所述第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当所述ONU应用于XG-PON系统时，所述第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；
所述发送单元910，还用于根据所述第一下行消息采用所述第一前导码发送第一上行消息至所述OLT，所述第一上行消息中携带有所述能力信息，所述 第一上行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一下行消息之后的消息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU或者测距回应消息Registration；
所述接收单元920，还用于接收所述OLT发送的第二下行消息，所述第二下行消息中携带有所述抽头系数，所述第二下行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一上行消息之后的消息，所述第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
可选的，所述ONU应用于吉比特无源光网络GPON系统，或者XG-PON系统；
所述接收单元920，还用于接收所述OLT发送的第一下行消息；所述第一下行消息中携带有所述第一前导码的长度和样式；其中，当所述OLT应用于GPON系统时，所述第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当所述OLT应用于XG-PON系统时，所述第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；
所述发送单元910，还用于根据所述第一下行消息采用所述第一前导码发送第一上行消息至所述OLT，所述第一上行消息中携带有所述能力信息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一下行消息之后的消息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU或者测距回应消息Registration；
所述接收单元920，还用于接收所述OLT发送的第二下行消息，所述第二下行消息中携带有所述抽头系数以及所述第二前导码的长度和样式，所述第二下行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一上行消息之后的消息，所述第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
可选的，所述装置还包括：
所述接收单元920，还用于接收所述OLT发送的系数更新通知消息；
所述发送单元910，还用于采用所述第一前导码发送更新确认消息至所述OLT，所述OLT根据接收到的所述更新通知消息中的所述第一前导码重新计算所述抽头系数，反馈所述抽头系数；
所述接收单元920，还用于接收所述OLT反馈的所述抽头系数；
所述处理单元930，还用于根据接收到的所述抽头系数更新所述第一均衡 器的抽头系数；
所述处理单元930，还用于通过所述第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡；
所述发送单元910，还用于采用所述第二前导码发送均衡后的所述上行数据至所述OLT，所述OLT根据所述第二前导码对接收到的所述上行数据进行均衡，所述第二前导码的长度小于所述第一前导码的长度。
综上所述，本实施例提供的上行数据均衡装置，通过采用第一前导码上报能力信息至OLT，使得OLT可以根据该能力信息检测ONU是否均衡均衡能力，并在检测结果为具备均衡能力时，根据接收到的带有信道响应的第一前导码计算抽头系数，反馈抽头系数至ONU；ONU根据接收到的抽头系数更新自身的第一均衡器的抽头系数，并在之后发送上行数据时，采用长度较短的第二前导码发送通过第一均衡器均衡后的上行数据至OLT，此后，OLT即可通过第二均衡器根据接收到的带有信道响应的第二前导码对上行数据进行均衡；解决了现有技术中会耗费一定的上行开销的问题；达到了可以节省上行开销的效果。
通过在ONU注册上线时设置ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数，使得ONU在后续发送上行数据时，可以采用长度较短的第二前导码进行发送，节省了上行开销。
通过对ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数进行更新，使得ONU在发送均衡后的上行数据至OLT之后，OLT可以得到准确的上行数据，保证了准确度。
请参考图10，其示出了本发明一个实施例提供的上行数据均衡系统的结构示意图，如图10所示，该上行数据均衡系统1000可以包括OLT1010和与该OLT1010相连的ONU1020。其中：
OLT 1010可以为图1所示的OLT；ONU1020可以为图1所示的ONU；
或者，
OLT1010可以包括图8所示的上行数据均衡装置；ONU1020可以包括图9所示的上行数据均衡装置。
综上所述，本实施例提供的上行数据均衡系统，ONU通过采用第一前导码上报能力信息至OLT，使得OLT可以根据该能力信息检测ONU是否均衡均衡能力，并在检测结果为具备均衡能力时，根据接收到的带有信道响应的第一前导码计算抽头系数，反馈抽头系数至ONU；ONU根据接收到的抽头系数更新自身的第一均衡器的抽头系数，并在之后发送上行数据时，采用长度较短的 第二前导码发送通过第一均衡器均衡后的上行数据至OLT，此后，OLT即可通过第二均衡器根据接收到的带有信道响应的第二前导码对上行数据进行均衡；解决了现有技术中会耗费一定的上行开销的问题；达到了可以节省上行开销的效果。
通过在ONU注册上线时设置ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数，使得ONU在后续发送上行数据时，可以采用长度较短的第二前导码进行发送，节省了上行开销。
通过对ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数进行更新，使得ONU在发送均衡后的上行数据至OLT之后，OLT可以得到准确的上行数据，保证了准确度。
应当理解的是，在本文中使用的，除非上下文清楚地支持例外情况，单数形式“一个”(“a”、“OLT”、“the”)旨在也包括复数形式。还应当理解的是，在本文中使用的“和/或”是指包括一个或者一个以上相关联地列出的项目的任意和所有可能组合。
上述本发明实施例序号仅仅为了描述，不代表实施例的优劣。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，所述的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (39)

  1. 一种上行数据均衡方法，其特征在于，用于光线路终端OLT中，所述方法包括：
    接收光网络单元ONU采用第一前导码发送的能力信息，所述能力信息用于表示所述ONU是否具备均衡能力；
    若所述能力信息表示所述ONU具备均衡能力，则根据接收到的所述第一前导码计算抽头系数；
    发送所述抽头系数至所述ONU；所述ONU根据接收到的所述抽头系数更新所述ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数，并在后续发送上行数据时，采用第二前导码发送经过所述第一均衡器均衡后的所述上行数据，所述第二前导码的长度小于所述第一前导码的长度；
    接收所述ONU采用所述第二前导码发送的所述上行数据；
    通过所述OLT中的第二均衡器根据所述第二前导码对接收到的所述上行数据进行均衡。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，
    在所述ONU注册上线的过程中，执行所述接收光网络单元ONU采用第一前导码发送的能力信息，若所述能力信息表示所述ONU具备均衡能力，则根据接收到的所述第一前导码计算抽头系数，发送所述抽头系数至所述ONU的步骤。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述OLT应用于以太网无源光网络EPON系统中；
    所述接收所述ONU采用第一前导码发送的能力信息，包括：
    接收所述ONU采用默认的所述第一前导码发送的注册要求消息REGISTER_REQ，所述REGISTER_REQ中携带有所述能力信息；
    所述发送所述抽头系数至所述ONU，包括：
    发送第一确认授权消息REGISTER1至所述ONU，所述REGISTER1中携带有所述抽头系数；或者，发送第二确认授权消息GATE2至所述OUN，所述GATE2中携带有所述抽头系数。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述OLT应用于吉比特无源光网络GPON系统，或者，XG-PON系统；
    所述方法还包括：
    发送第一下行消息至所述ONU；所述第一下行消息中携带有所述第一前导码的长度和样式，以及，所述第二前导码的长度和样式；当所述OLT应用于GPON系统时，所述第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当所述OLT应用于XG-PON系统时，所述第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；
    所述接收所述ONU采用第一前导码发送的能力信息，包括：
    接收所述ONU根据所述第一下行消息采用所述第一前导码发送的第一上行消息；所述第一上行消息中携带有所述能力信息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一下行消息之后的消息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU；
    所述发送所述抽头系数至所述ONU，包括：
    发送第二下行消息至所述ONU；所述第二下行消息中携带有所述抽头系数，所述第二下行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一上行消息之后的消息，所述第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述OLT应用于吉比特无源光网络GPON系统，或者，XG-PON系统；
    所述方法还包括：
    发送第一下行消息至所述ONU；所述第一下行消息中携带有所述第一前导码的长度和样式；当所述OLT应用于GPON系统时，所述第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当所述OLT应用于XG-PON系统时，所述第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；
    所述接收所述ONU采用第一前导码发送的能力信息，包括：
    接收所述ONU根据所述第一下行消息采用所述第一前导码发送的第一上行消息；所述第一上行消息中携带有所述能力信息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一下行消息之后的消息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU；
    所述发送所述抽头系数至所述ONU，包括：
    发送第二下行消息至所述ONU；所述第二下行消息中携带有所述抽头系数以及所述第二前导码的长度和样式，所述第二下行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一上行消息之后的消息，所述第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    向具备均衡能力的所述ONU发送系数更新通知消息；
    接收所述ONU采用所述第一前导码发送的更新确认消息；
    根据所述更新确认消息中携带的所述第一前导码重新计算所述抽头系数；
    反馈计算得到的所述抽头系数至所述ONU，所述抽头系数用于指示所述ONU更新所述第一均衡器的抽头系数，并在后续发送上行数据时，采用第二前导码发送经过所述第一均衡器均衡后的所述上行数据；
    接收所述ONU发送的携带有所述第二前导码的所述上行数据；
    通过所述第二均衡器根据所述第二前导码对接收到的所述上行数据进行均衡。
  7. 一种上行数据均衡方法，其特征在于，用于光网络单元ONU中，所述方法包括：
    采用第一前导码发送所述ONU的能力信息至光线路终端OLT，所述能力信息用于表示所述ONU是否具备均衡能力；所述OLT用于在所述能力信息表示所述ONU具备均衡能力时，根据接收到的所述第一前导码计算抽头系数，反馈所述抽头系数；
    接收所述OLT反馈的所述抽头系数；
    根据所述抽头系数更新所述ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数；
    通过所述第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡；
    采用第二前导码发送均衡后的所述上行数据至所述OLT，所述OLT通过所述OLT中的第二均衡器根据所述第二前导码对接收到的所述上行数据进行均衡；所述第二前导码的长度小于所述第一前导码的长度。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，
    在所述ONU注册上线的过程中，执行所述采用第一前导码发送所述ONU的能力信息至光线路终端OLT，接收所述OLT反馈的所述抽头系数的步骤。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述ONU应用于以太网无源光网络EPON系统；
    所述采用第一前导码发送所述ONU的能力信息至所述OLT，包括：
    采用默认的所述第一前导码发送注册要求消息REGISTER_REQ至所述OLT，所述REGISTER_REQ中携带有所述能力信息；
    所述接收所述OLT反馈的所述抽头系数，包括：
    接收所述OLT发送的第一确认授权消息REGISTER1，所述REGISTER1中携带有所述抽头系数；或者，接收所述OLT发送的第二确认授权消息GATE2，所述GATE2中携带有所述抽头系数。
  10. 根据权利要求7或8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述ONU应用于吉比特无源光网络GPON系统，或者，XG-PON系统；
    所述方法还包括：
    接收所述OLT发送的第一下行消息；所述第一下行消息中携带有所述第一前导码的长度和样式，以及，所述第二前导码的长度和样式；其中，当所述ONU应用于GPON系统时，所述第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当所述ONU应用于XG-PON系统时，所述第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；
    所述采用第一前导码发送所述ONU的能力信息至所述OLT，包括：
    根据所述第一下行消息采用所述第一前导码发送第一上行消息至所述OLT，所述第一上行消息中携带有所述能力信息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一下行消息之后的消息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU的序列号消息Seria1_Number_ONU或者测距回应消息Registration；
    所述接收所述OLT反馈的所述抽头系数，包括：
    接收所述OLT发送的第二下行消息，所述第二下行消息中携带有所述抽头系数，所述第二下行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一上行消息之后的消息，所述第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
  11. 根据权利要求7或8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述ONU应用于吉比特无源光网络GPON系统，或者XG-PON系统；
    所述方法还包括：
    接收所述OLT发送的第一下行消息；所述第一下行消息中携带有所述第一前导码的长度和样式；其中，当所述OLT应用于GPON系统时，所述第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当所述OLT应用于XG-PON系统时，所述第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；
    所述采用第一前导码发送所述ONU的能力信息至所述OLT，包括：
    根据所述第一下行消息采用所述第一前导码发送第一上行消息至所述OLT，所述第一上行消息中携带有所述能力信息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一下行消息之后的消息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU或者测距回应消息Registration；
    所述接收所述OLT反馈的所述抽头系数，包括：
    接收所述OLT发送的第二下行消息，所述第二下行消息中携带有所述抽头系数以及所述第二前导码的长度和样式，所述第二下行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一上行消息之后的消息，所述第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
  12. 根据权利要求7至11任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收所述OLT发送的系数更新通知消息；
    采用所述第一前导码发送更新确认消息至所述OLT，所述OLT根据接收到的所述更新通知消息中的所述第一前导码重新计算所述抽头系数，反馈所述抽头系数；
    接收所述OLT反馈的所述抽头系数；
    根据接收到的所述抽头系数更新所述第一均衡器的抽头系数；
    通过所述第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡；
    采用所述第二前导码发送均衡后的所述上行数据至所述OLT，所述OLT根据所述第二前导码对接收到的所述上行数据进行均衡，所述第二前导码的长度小于所述第一前导码的长度。
  13. 一种上行数据均衡系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括：光线路终端OLT和光网络单元ONU；
    所述ONU，用于采用第一前导码发送所述ONU的能力信息至所述OLT，所述能力信息表示所述ONU是否具备均衡能力；
    所述OLT，用于接收所述ONU采用所述第一前导码发送的所述能力信息，若所述能力信息表示所述ONU具备均衡能力，则根据接收到的所述第一前导码计算抽头系数；发送所述抽头系数至所述ONU；
    所述ONU，还用于接收所述抽头系数，根据所述抽头系数更新所述ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数，通过所述第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡，采用第二前导码发送均衡后的所述上行数据至所述OLT，所述第二前导码的长度小于所述第一前导码的长度；
    所述OLT，还用于接收所述ONU采用所述第二前导码发送的所述上行数据，通过所述OLT中的第二均衡器根据所述第二前导码对接收到的所述上行数据进行均衡。
  14. 一种上行数据均衡装置，其特征在于，用于光线路终端OLT中，所述装置包括：处理器和与所述处理器相连的通信接口；
    所述通信接口，用于在所述处理器的控制下接收光网络单元ONU采用第一前导码发送的能力信息，所述能力信息用于表示所述ONU是否具备均衡能力；
    所述处理器，用于在所述能力信息表示所述ONU具备均衡能力时，根据接收到的所述第一前导码计算抽头系数；
    所述通信接口，用于在所述处理器的控制下发送所述抽头系数至所述ONU；所述ONU根据接收到的所述抽头系数更新所述ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数，并在后续发送上行数据时，采用第二前导码发送经过所述第一均衡器均衡后的所述上行数据，所述第二前导码的长度小于所述第一前导码的长度；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下接收所述ONU采用所述第二前导码发送的所述上行数据；
    所述处理器，还用于通过所述OLT中的第二均衡器根据所述第二前导码对接收到的所述上行数据进行均衡。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述ONU注册上线的过程中，在所述处理器的控制下执行所述接收光网络单元ONU采用第一前导码发送的能力信息的步骤；
    所述处理器，还用于在所述ONU注册上线的过程中，执行所述在所述能力信息表示所述ONU具备均衡能力，则根据接收到的所述第一前导码计算抽头系数的步骤；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述ONU注册上线的过程中，在所述处理器的控制下执行所述发送所述抽头系数至所述ONU的步骤。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述OLT应用于以太网无源光网络EPON系统中；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下接收所述ONU采用默认的所述第一前导码发送的注册要求消息REGISTER_REQ，所述REGISTER_REQ中携带有所述能力信息；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下发送第一确认授权消息REGISTER1至所述ONU，所述REGISTER1中携带有所述抽头系数；或者，发送第二确认授权消息GATE2至所述OUN，所述GATE2中携带有所述抽头系数。
  17. 根据权利要求14或15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述OLT应用于吉比特无源光网络GPON系统，或者，XG-PON系统；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下发送第一下行消息至所述ONU；所述第一下行消息中携带有所述第一前导码的长度和样式，以及，所述第二前导码的长度和样式；当所述OLT应用于GPON系统时，所述第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当所述OLT应用于XG-PON系统时，所述第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下接收所述ONU根据所述第一下行消息采用所述第一前导码发送的第一上行消息；所述第一上行消息中携带有所述能力信息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一下行消息之后的消息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下发送第二下行消息至所述ONU；所述第二下行消息中携带有所述抽头系数，所述第二下行消息为所述 ONU注册上线时在所述第一上行消息之后的消息，所述第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
  18. 根据权利要求14或15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述OLT应用于吉比特无源光网络GPON系统，或者，XG-PON系统；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下发送第一下行消息至所述ONU；所述第一下行消息中携带有所述第一前导码的长度和样式；当所述OLT应用于GPON系统时，所述第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当所述OLT应用于XG-PON系统时，所述第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下接收所述ONU根据所述第一下行消息采用所述第一前导码发送的第一上行消息；所述第一上行消息中携带有所述能力信息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一下行消息之后的消息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下发送第二下行消息至所述ONU；所述第二下行消息中携带有所述抽头系数以及所述第二前导码的长度和样式，所述第二下行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一上行消息之后的消息，所述第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
  19. 根据权利要求14至18任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下向具备均衡能力的所述ONU发送系数更新通知消息；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下接收所述ONU采用所述第一前导码发送的更新确认消息；
    所述处理器，还用于根据所述更新确认消息中携带的所述第一前导码重新计算所述抽头系数；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下反馈计算得到的所述抽头系数至所述ONU，所述抽头系数用于指示所述ONU更新所述第一均衡器的抽头 系数，并在后续发送上行数据时，采用第二前导码发送经过所述第一均衡器均衡后的所述上行数据；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下接收所述ONU发送的携带有所述第二前导码的所述上行数据；
    所述处理器，还用于通过所述第二均衡器根据所述第二前导码对接收到的所述上行数据进行均衡。
  20. 一种上行数据均衡装置，其特征在于，用于光网络单元ONU中，所述装置包括：处理器和与所述处理器相连的通信接口；
    所述通信接口，用于在所述处理器的控制下采用第一前导码发送所述ONU的能力信息至光线路终端OLT，所述能力信息用于表示所述ONU是否具备均衡能力；所述OLT用于在所述能力信息表示所述ONU具备均衡能力时，根据接收到的所述第一前导码计算抽头系数，反馈所述抽头系数；
    所述通信接口，用于在所述处理器的控制下接收所述OLT反馈的所述抽头系数；
    所述处理器，用于根据所述抽头系数更新所述ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数；
    所述处理器，还用于通过所述第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下采用第二前导码发送均衡后的所述上行数据至所述OLT，所述OLT通过所述OLT中的第二均衡器根据所述第二前导码对接收到的所述上行数据进行均衡；所述第二前导码的长度小于所述第一前导码的长度。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述ONU注册上线的过程中，在所述处理器的控制下执行所述采用第一前导码发送所述ONU的能力信息至光线路终端OLT的步骤；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述ONU注册上线的过程中，在所述处理器的控制下执行所述接收所述OLT反馈的所述抽头系数的步骤。
  22. 根据权利要求20或21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述ONU应用于以 太网无源光网络EPON系统；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下采用默认的所述第一前导码发送注册要求消息REGISTER_REQ至所述OLT，所述REGISTER_REQ中携带有所述能力信息；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下接收所述OLT发送的第一确认授权消息REGISTER1，所述REGISTER1中携带有所述抽头系数；或者，接收所述OLT发送的第二确认授权消息GATE2，所述GATE2中携带有所述抽头系数。
  23. 根据权利要求20或21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述ONU应用于吉比特无源光网络GPON系统，或者，XG-PON系统；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下接收所述OLT发送的第一下行消息；所述第一下行消息中携带有所述第一前导码的长度和样式，以及，所述第二前导码的长度和样式；其中，当所述ONU应用于GPON系统时，所述第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当所述ONU应用于XG-PON系统时，所述第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下根据所述第一下行消息采用所述第一前导码发送第一上行消息至所述OLT，所述第一上行消息中携带有所述能力信息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一下行消息之后的消息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU或者测距回应消息Registration；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下接收所述OLT发送的第二下行消息，所述第二下行消息中携带有所述抽头系数，所述第二下行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一上行消息之后的消息，所述第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
  24. 根据权利要求20或21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述ONU应用于吉比特无源光网络GPON系统，或者XG-PON系统；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下接收所述OLT发送的第一下行消息；所述第一下行消息中携带有所述第一前导码的长度和样式；其中，当 所述OLT应用于GPON系统时，所述第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当所述OLT应用于XG-PON系统时，所述第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下根据所述第一下行消息采用所述第一前导码发送第一上行消息至所述OLT，所述第一上行消息中携带有所述能力信息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一下行消息之后的消息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU或者测距回应消息Registration；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下接收所述OLT发送的第二下行消息，所述第二下行消息中携带有所述抽头系数以及所述第二前导码的长度和样式，所述第二下行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一上行消息之后的消息，所述第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
  25. 根据权利要求20至24任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下接收所述OLT发送的系数更新通知消息；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下采用所述第一前导码发送更新确认消息至所述OLT，所述OLT根据接收到的所述更新通知消息中的所述第一前导码重新计算所述抽头系数，反馈所述抽头系数；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下接收所述OLT反馈的所述抽头系数；
    所述处理器，还用于根据接收到的所述抽头系数更新所述第一均衡器的抽头系数；
    所述处理器，还用于通过所述第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡；
    所述通信接口，还用于在所述处理器的控制下采用所述第二前导码发送均衡后的所述上行数据至所述OLT，所述OLT根据所述第二前导码对接收到的所述上行数据进行均衡，所述第二前导码的长度小于所述第一前导码的长度。
  26. 一种上行数据均衡装置，其特征在于，用于光线路终端OLT中，所述 装置包括：
    接收单元，用于接收光网络单元ONU采用第一前导码发送的能力信息，所述能力信息用于表示所述ONU是否具备均衡能力；
    处理单元，用于在所述能力信息表示所述ONU具备均衡能力时，根据接收到的所述第一前导码计算抽头系数；
    发送单元，用于发送所述抽头系数至所述ONU；所述ONU根据接收到的所述抽头系数更新所述ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数，并在后续发送上行数据时，采用第二前导码发送经过所述第一均衡器均衡后的所述上行数据，所述第二前导码的长度小于所述第一前导码的长度；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述ONU采用所述第二前导码发送的所述上行数据；
    所述处理单元，还用于通过所述OLT中的第二均衡器根据所述第二前导码对接收到的所述上行数据进行均衡。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述接收单元，还用于在所述ONU注册上线的过程中，执行所述接收光网络单元ONU采用第一前导码发送的能力信息的步骤；
    所述处理单元，还用于在所述ONU注册上线的过程中，执行所述在所述能力信息表示所述ONU具备均衡能力，则根据接收到的所述第一前导码计算抽头系数的步骤；
    所述发送单元，还用于在所述ONU注册上线的过程中，执行所述发送所述抽头系数至所述ONU的步骤。
  28. 根据权利要求26或27所述的装置，其特征在于，所述OLT应用于以太网无源光网络EPON系统中；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述ONU采用默认的所述第一前导码发送的注册要求消息REGISTER_REQ，所述REGISTER_REQ中携带有所述能力信息；
    所述发送单元，还用于发送第一确认授权消息REGISTER1至所述ONU，所述REGISTER1中携带有所述抽头系数；或者，发送第二确认授权消息GATE2至所述OUN，所述GATE2中携带有所述抽头系数。
  29. 根据权利要求26或27所述的装置，其特征在于，所述OLT应用于吉比特无源光网络GPON系统，或者，XG-PON系统；
    所述发送单元，还用于发送第一下行消息至所述ONU；所述第一下行消息中携带有所述第一前导码的长度和样式，以及，所述第二前导码的长度和样式；当所述OLT应用于GPON系统时，所述第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当所述OLT应用于XG-PON系统时，所述第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述ONU根据所述第一下行消息采用所述第一前导码发送的第一上行消息；所述第一上行消息中携带有所述能力信息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一下行消息之后的消息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU；
    所述发送单元，还用于发送第二下行消息至所述ONU；所述第二下行消息中携带有所述抽头系数，所述第二下行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一上行消息之后的消息，所述第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
  30. 根据权利要求26或27所述的装置，其特征在于，所述OLT应用于吉比特无源光网络GPON系统，或者，XG-PON系统；
    所述发送单元，还用于发送第一下行消息至所述ONU；所述第一下行消息中携带有所述第一前导码的长度和样式；当所述OLT应用于GPON系统时，所述第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当所述OLT应用于XG-PON系统时，所述第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述ONU根据所述第一下行消息采用所述第一前导码发送的第一上行消息；所述第一上行消息中携带有所述能力信息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一下行消息之后的消息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU；
    所述发送单元，还用于发送第二下行消息至所述ONU；所述第二下行消息中携带有所述抽头系数以及所述第二前导码的长度和样式，所述第二下行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一上行消息之后的消息，所述第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
  31. 根据权利要求26至30任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    所述发送单元，还用于向具备均衡能力的所述ONU发送系数更新通知消息；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述ONU采用所述第一前导码发送的更新确认消息；
    所述处理单元，还用于根据所述更新确认消息中携带的所述第一前导码重新计算所述抽头系数；
    所述发送单元，还用于反馈计算得到的所述抽头系数至所述ONU，所述抽头系数用于指示所述ONU更新所述第一均衡器的抽头系数，并在后续发送上行数据时，采用第二前导码发送经过所述第一均衡器均衡后的所述上行数据；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述ONU发送的携带有所述第二前导码的所述上行数据；
    所述处理单元，还用于通过所述第二均衡器根据所述第二前导码对接收到的所述上行数据进行均衡。
  32. 一种上行数据均衡装置，其特征在于，用于光网络单元ONU中，所述装置包括：
    发送单元，用于采用第一前导码发送所述ONU的能力信息至光线路终端OLT，所述能力信息用于表示所述ONU是否具备均衡能力；所述OLT用于在所述能力信息表示所述ONU具备均衡能力时，根据接收到的所述第一前导码计算抽头系数，反馈所述抽头系数；
    接收单元，用于接收所述OLT反馈的所述抽头系数；
    处理单元，用于根据所述抽头系数更新所述ONU中的第一均衡器的抽头系数；
    所述处理单元，还用于通过所述第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡；
    所述发送单元，还用于采用第二前导码发送均衡后的所述上行数据至所述OLT，所述OLT通过所述OLT中的第二均衡器根据所述第二前导码对接收到的所述上行数据进行均衡；所述第二前导码的长度小于所述第一前导码的长度。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述发送单元，还用于在所述ONU注册上线的过程中，执行所述采用第一前导码发送所述ONU的能力信息至光线路终端OLT的步骤；
    所述接收单元，还用于在所述ONU注册上线的过程中，执行所述接收所述OLT反馈的所述抽头系数的步骤。
  34. 根据权利要求32或33所述的装置，其特征在于，所述ONU应用于以太网无源光网络EPON系统；
    所述发送单元，还用于采用默认的所述第一前导码发送注册要求消息REGISTER_REQ至所述OLT，所述REGISTER_REQ中携带有所述能力信息；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述OLT发送的第一确认授权消息REGISTER1，所述REGISTER1中携带有所述抽头系数；或者，接收所述OLT发送的第二确认授权消息GATE2，所述GATE2中携带有所述抽头系数。
  35. 根据权利要求32或33所述的装置，其特征在于，所述ONU应用于吉比特无源光网络GPON系统，或者，XG-PON系统；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述OLT发送的第一下行消息；所述第一下行消息中携带有所述第一前导码的长度和样式，以及，所述第二前导码的长度和样式；其中，当所述ONU应用于GPON系统时，所述第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当所述ONU应用于XG-PON系统时，所述第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；
    所述发送单元，还用于根据所述第一下行消息采用所述第一前导码发送第一上行消息至所述OLT，所述第一上行消息中携带有所述能力信息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一下行消息之后的消息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU或者测距回应消息Registration；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述OLT发送的第二下行消息，所述第二下行消息中携带有所述抽头系数，所述第二下行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一上行消息之后的消息，所述第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
  36. 根据权利要求32或33所述的装置，其特征在于，所述ONU应用于吉比特无源光网络GPON系统，或者XG-PON系统；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述OLT发送的第一下行消息；所述第一下行消息中携带有所述第一前导码的长度和样式；其中，当所述OLT应用于GPON系统时，所述第一下行消息为上行管理消息Upstream_Overhead；当所述OLT应用于XG-PON系统时，所述第一下行消息为参数集消息Profile；
    所述发送单元，还用于根据所述第一下行消息采用所述第一前导码发送第一上行消息至所述OLT，所述第一上行消息中携带有所述能力信息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一下行消息之后的消息，所述第一上行消息为所述ONU的序列号消息Serial_Number_ONU或者测距回应消息Registration；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述OLT发送的第二下行消息，所述第二下行消息中携带有所述抽头系数以及所述第二前导码的长度和样式，所述第二下行消息为所述ONU注册上线时在所述第一上行消息之后的消息，所述第二下行消息为ONU标识分配消息Assign_ONU-ID、测距授权消息Request_Registration或者时延均衡消息Ranging_Time。
  37. 根据权利要求32至36任一所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述OLT发送的系数更新通知消息；
    所述发送单元，还用于采用所述第一前导码发送更新确认消息至所述OLT，所述OLT根据接收到的所述更新通知消息中的所述第一前导码重新计算所述抽头系数，反馈所述抽头系数；
    所述接收单元，还用于接收所述OLT反馈的所述抽头系数；
    所述处理单元，还用于根据接收到的所述抽头系数更新所述第一均衡器的抽头系数；
    所述处理单元，还用于通过所述第一均衡器对上行数据进行均衡；
    所述发送单元，还用于采用所述第二前导码发送均衡后的所述上行数据至所述OLT，所述OLT根据所述第二前导码对接收到的所述上行数据进行均衡，所述第二前导码的长度小于所述第一前导码的长度。
  38. 一种上行数据均衡系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括：光线路终端OLT和光网络单元ONU；
    所述OLT包括如权利要求14至19任一所述的上行数据均衡装置；
    所述ONU包括如权利要求20至25任一所述的上行数据均衡装置。
  39. 一种上行数据均衡系统，其特征在于，所述系统包括：光线路终端OLT和光网络单元ONU；
    所述OLT包括如权利要求26至31任一所述的上行数据均衡装置；
    所述ONU包括如权利要求32至37任一所述的上行数据均衡装置。
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