WO2017212619A1 - 3次元積層造形システム、積層造形制御装置、積層造形制御方法および積層造形制御プログラム - Google Patents
3次元積層造形システム、積層造形制御装置、積層造形制御方法および積層造形制御プログラム Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
- B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
- B22F12/67—Blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/214—Doctor blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/264—Arrangements for irradiation
- B29C64/268—Arrangements for irradiation using laser beams; using electron beams [EB]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/44—Radiation means characterised by the configuration of the radiation means
- B22F12/45—Two or more
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/49—Scanners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a technique for correcting the irradiation position of light in three-dimensional additive manufacturing.
- a measurement point is provided in a stereolithography table, the laser irradiation position and measurement point which were irradiated from the laser beam generator were imaged, and a laser irradiation position and measurement were carried out.
- a technique for controlling a galvano scanner by a scanner control unit based on a deviation from a point is disclosed.
- the technique described in the above document can adjust the laser irradiation position before additive manufacturing with an optical modeling apparatus, it corresponds to, for example, mechanical system change, thermal change, posture change, etc. during additive manufacturing.
- the laser irradiation position could not be corrected.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a technique for solving the above-described problems.
- the additive manufacturing control apparatus includes: A laminate modeling control apparatus that has a squeezing blade for laying a laminate material on top of a laminate model and an irradiation unit that irradiates the laminate material, and controls a laminate model unit that models the laminate model, A position shift acquisition means for acquiring a position shift of the irradiation position of the irradiation light on the surface of the squeezing blade that receives the irradiation light from the irradiation means; An irradiation position correcting means for correcting an irradiation position by the irradiation means based on the positional deviation; Is provided.
- the additive manufacturing control method includes: It has a squeezing blade for laying a layered material on an upper layer of a layered product and an irradiation means for irradiating the layered material, and is a layered model control method for controlling a layered model part for modeling the layered model, A position shift acquisition step for acquiring a position shift of the irradiation position of the irradiation light on the surface of the squeezing blade that receives the irradiation light from the irradiation means; An irradiation position correction step of correcting an irradiation position by the irradiation means based on the positional deviation; including.
- the additive manufacturing control program is: An additive manufacturing control program having a squeezing blade for laying an additive material on an upper layer of an additive manufacturing object and an irradiating means for irradiating the additive material, and causing a computer to control an additive manufacturing apparatus for forming the additive object to be executed Because A position shift acquisition step for acquiring a position shift of the irradiation position of the irradiation light on the surface of the squeezing blade that receives the irradiation light from the irradiation means; An irradiation position correction step of correcting an irradiation position by the irradiation means based on the positional deviation; Is executed on the computer.
- a three-dimensional additive manufacturing system includes: A squeezing blade for laying the layered material on top of the layered object and an irradiation unit for irradiating the layered material, and a layered unit for modeling the layered object, A position shift acquisition means for acquiring a position shift of the irradiation position of the irradiation light on the surface of the squeezing blade that receives the irradiation light from the irradiation means; An irradiation position correcting means for correcting an irradiation position by the irradiation means based on the positional deviation; Is provided.
- the laser irradiation position can be corrected in response to the change of the laser irradiation position during the layered modeling in the optical modeling apparatus.
- the additive manufacturing control apparatus 100 includes a squeezing blade 111 for laying the laminate material on the upper layer of the additive manufacturing object 113 and an irradiation unit 112 that irradiates the additive material, and includes an additive manufacturing part 110 that forms the additive manufacturing object 113. It is a device to control.
- the additive manufacturing control apparatus 100 includes a positional deviation acquisition unit 101 and an irradiation position correction unit 102.
- the positional deviation acquisition unit 101 acquires the positional deviation of the irradiation position of the irradiation light on the surface of the squeezing blade 111 that receives the irradiation light from the irradiation unit 112.
- the irradiation position correction unit 102 corrects the irradiation position by the irradiation unit 112 based on the positional deviation.
- the position of the irradiation position of the irradiation light on the surface of the squeezing blade is acquired, and the irradiation position by the irradiation unit is corrected, so that the laser irradiation position during additive manufacturing in the optical modeling apparatus
- the laser irradiation position can be corrected in response to the change of the above.
- the additive manufacturing control apparatus acquires a positional deviation of light irradiation based on reception of irradiation light of an optical position sensor installed on the upper surface of the squeezing blade, and corrects the positional deviation by correcting the irradiation position coordinates. to correct.
- FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a modeling state by the additive manufacturing control apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the optical position sensor is greatly illustrated ignoring the dimensional relationship of the constituent elements.
- the position shift detection at the minimum of 4 points and the position shift detection at 9 points are shown, but the number of detection points may be appropriately selected in consideration of correction accuracy and cost.
- the upper part of FIG. 2 detects irradiation position deviations at the four corner points of the layered modeling surface with the two optical position sensors 211 and 212 installed at both end portions of the squeezing blade 210 to correct the irradiation position.
- This is an example 201.
- the upper left is the case where the entire position shifts to the lower right.
- the irradiation position coordinates are corrected by the irradiation position correction map based on the four position shift data from the two optical position sensors 211 and 212, and the position shift is corrected as shown in the upper right.
- the middle stage and the lower stage of FIG. 2 detect the positional deviation of the irradiation at nine points on the layered modeling surface with the three optical position sensors 211 to 213 installed at both end portions and the central portion of the squeezing blade 210,
- the middle left is a case where a position shift occurs in which the whole is rotated clockwise around the upper left.
- the lower left is a case where a positional shift occurs in which the central portion of each side is contracted.
- the irradiation position coordinates are corrected by the irradiation position correction map based on the nine position shift data from the three optical position sensors 211 to 213, and the position shift is corrected as shown in the middle lower right.
- the number of optical position sensors arranged on the squeezing blade 210 and the number of positions on which the positional deviation is detected by irradiating the squeezing blade 210 are not limited to this example, and the correction accuracy and cost are taken into consideration. Selected.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the additive manufacturing unit 310 in the three-dimensional additive manufacturing system 300 including the additive manufacturing control unit 320 according to the present embodiment.
- the three-dimensional additive manufacturing system 300 includes an additive manufacturing unit 310, an additive manufacturing control unit 320 as an additive manufacturing control device, and an information processing device 330.
- the additive manufacturing unit 310 generates a three-dimensional additive manufacturing object according to various control commands of the additive manufacturing control unit 320.
- the layered modeling control unit 320 generates various control commands for controlling the layered modeling unit 310 according to the three-dimensional modeling data generated by the information processing device 330.
- the control command includes an irradiation command for controlling the irradiation unit 312 by the irradiation amplifier 311, a scanning command for controlling the scanning direction via the mirror unit 314 rotated by the rotation step motor by the scanning amplifier 313, and a ski A movement command for controlling movement of the ging blade 210 and the modeling table 318.
- the information processing apparatus 330 acquires information on the layered object to be three-dimensionally shaped and generates three-dimensional modeling data. Note that the information processing apparatus 330 may be a general-purpose computer or a special computer corresponding to the
- the laminate modeling unit 310 includes an irradiation amplifier 311 and an irradiation unit 312.
- the layered modeling unit 310 includes a scanning amplifier 313 and a biaxial rotating step motor and mirror unit 314.
- the layered modeling unit 310 includes a movement amplifier 317, a squeezing blade 210, and a modeling table 318.
- Optical position sensors (PSD: Position Sensitive Detector) 211 to 213 are installed on the upper surface of the squeezing blade 210.
- the additive manufacturing unit 310 converts the analog optical position signals from the optical position sensors 211 to 213 into digital signals and transmits them to the additive manufacturing control unit 320.
- the laser beam 315 emitted from the irradiation unit 312 irradiates the upper surface of the modeling object 220 that has already been layered on the modeling table 318 by the mirror unit 314 rotated by the rotary step motor to generate a modeling surface.
- a three-dimensional layered object is generated.
- the positional deviation of the irradiation position by the laser beam 315 emitted from the irradiation unit 312 can be corrected not only before the additive manufacturing but also during the additive manufacturing. That is, when the squeezing blade 210 moves on the modeling surface, the X and Y coordinate positions corresponding to the coordinate position in the X direction of the squeezing blade 210 and the coordinate position in the Y direction of the optical position sensors 211 to 213 are irradiated. Irradiation is performed with laser light 315 emitted from the unit 312. At this time, the additive manufacturing control unit 320 reduces the irradiation intensity (energy) and sets the X and Y coordinate positions.
- the optical position sensors 211 to 213 detect the positions where the laser beams 315 irradiated to the X and Y coordinate positions are actually irradiated by the optical position sensors 211 to 213.
- the analog optical position signals from the optical position sensors 211 to 213 are converted into digital data by the optical position sensor A / D converter 316 and transmitted to the additive manufacturing control unit 320 to correct the irradiation position coordinates. used.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the additive manufacturing control unit 320 in the three-dimensional additive manufacturing system 300 according to the present embodiment. 4, functional configurations of the additive manufacturing control unit 320 and the information processing apparatus 330 in FIG. 3 are shown.
- the layered modeling unit 310 and the layered modeling control unit 320 may constitute a three-dimensional modeling apparatus 420, a so-called 3D printer.
- the structure of the layered modeling part 310 is the same as that of FIG. 3, and the overlapping description is omitted.
- the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 420 including the additive manufacturing control unit 320 and the information processing apparatus 330 are illustrated as separate apparatuses, but the additive manufacturing control unit 320 may be configured as one apparatus. May be combined with the information processing apparatus 330.
- the additive manufacturing control unit 320 includes a communication control unit 421, a three-dimensional modeling data storage unit 422, a positional deviation acquisition unit 423, a positional deviation correction database 424, an irradiation position correction unit 425, and an additive manufacturing command unit 426. .
- the communication control unit 421 controls communication between the additive manufacturing control unit 320 and the information processing device 330, receives three-dimensional modeling data, instruction commands, and the like from the information processing device 330, and includes the additive manufacturing control unit 320 and the additive manufacturing unit.
- the status of 310 is transmitted to the information processing apparatus 330.
- the three-dimensional modeling data storage unit 422 stores the three-dimensional modeling data received from the information processing device 330.
- the storage of the three-dimensional modeling data may be a unit of a three-dimensional modeled object or a layer unit to be stacked, or a layered modeling speed of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 420, a processing speed of the information processing apparatus 330, or This is appropriately determined based on the communication capacity between the information processing device 330 and the additive manufacturing control unit 320.
- the position shift acquisition unit 423 acquires the position shift data of the light detected by the optical position sensors 211 to 213 with predetermined X and Y coordinates from the optical position sensor A / D converter 316 of the layered modeling unit 310.
- the predetermined X and Y coordinates can be set to two or three points in the Y direction and a desired number of points can be set in the X direction. .
- the positional deviation correction database 424 stores positional deviation correction data based on a set of light positional deviation data acquired by the positional deviation acquisition unit 423.
- the irradiation position correction unit 425 corrects the irradiation position coordinates corresponding to the positional deviation with respect to the three-dimensional modeling data currently being layered, and changes the mechanical system and heat during the layered modeling. Absorb changes, posture changes, etc.
- the layered modeling instruction unit 426 issues a command to each unit of the layered modeling unit 310 based on the three-dimensional modeling data whose irradiation position coordinates are corrected by the irradiation position correcting unit 425.
- the position shift acquisition unit 423, the position shift correction database 424, the irradiation position correction unit 425, and the additive manufacturing command unit 426 constitute all or a part of the irradiation control unit.
- the information processing apparatus 330 may be a general-purpose computer such as a PC (personal computer).
- the information processing apparatus 330 includes a communication control unit 431, a three-dimensional modeling data generation unit 432, a display unit 433, an operation unit 434, a three-dimensional modeling database 435, and a three-dimensional modeling target data acquisition unit 436.
- the 3D modeling target data acquisition unit 436 serves as a 3D modeling target data generation unit.
- the communication control unit 431 controls communication with the 3D modeling apparatus 420 or the 3D modeling target data generation apparatus which is an external device.
- the three-dimensional modeling data generation unit 432 uses the data stored in the three-dimensional modeling database 435 according to the input or operation by the operator from the operation unit 434 according to the operation instruction displayed on the display unit 433, and the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 420. Generates 3D modeling data for layered modeling of a 3D modeling object.
- the display unit 433 notifies the status of the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 420 and the information processing apparatus 330 and requests the operator to input parameters necessary for the layered modeling of the three-dimensional modeled object.
- the operation unit 434 includes a keyboard, a pointing device, a touch panel, and the like, and accepts an input and an operation instruction from an operator according to an instruction displayed on the display unit 433.
- the three-dimensional modeling database 435 stores data of a three-dimensional modeling object, a generation algorithm, a generation parameter, and the like, which are data used by the three-dimensional modeling data generation unit 432 to generate three-dimensional modeling data.
- the 3D modeling target data acquisition unit 436 acquires the 3D modeling target data provided from the 3D modeling target data generation apparatus via the communication control unit 431 or from a storage medium or the like via the I / O interface. To do.
- FIG. 5A is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the positional deviation acquisition unit 423 according to the present embodiment.
- the position deviation acquisition unit 423 includes an optical position data acquisition unit 511 and a position deviation data generation unit 512.
- the optical position data acquisition unit 511 receives the optical position signal detected by the optical position sensors 211 to 213 at the predetermined position (X coordinate) of the squeezing blade 210 from the optical position sensor A / D converter 316 of the layered modeling unit 310. Get digital data.
- the positional deviation data generation unit 512 includes a positional deviation data generation table 512a, and generates a set of deviation data of optical position data of predetermined coordinates of the modeling surface acquired by the optical position data acquisition unit 511.
- the generated set of deviation data of the optical position data is output to the position deviation correction database 424 and used to search for an irradiation position correction map used by the irradiation position correction unit 425.
- FIG. 5B is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the irradiation position correction unit 425 according to the present embodiment.
- the irradiation position correction unit 425 includes a modeling data reception unit 521 and an irradiation position coordinate correction unit 522.
- the modeling data receiving unit 521 receives the modeling data of each layer from the three-dimensional modeling data storage unit 422.
- the irradiation position coordinate correction unit 522 has an irradiation position coordinate correction table 522 a, and the irradiation position coordinates of the modeling data received by the modeling data reception unit 521 are stored in the positional deviation correction database 424 and are received from the position deviation acquisition unit 423. Correction is performed based on the irradiation position correction map searched by the position shift data.
- the modeling data in which the irradiation position coordinates are corrected corresponding to the positional deviation is output to the layered modeling command unit 426.
- the layered modeling instruction unit 426 issues a scanning command to the layered modeling unit 310 based on the corrected irradiation position coordinates.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of the positional deviation correction database 424 according to this embodiment.
- the positional deviation correction database 424 stores an irradiation position correction map to be searched using the positional deviation data set generated by the positional deviation acquisition unit 423 as a search key, and corrects positional deviation by the irradiation position correction unit 425. Used for.
- the positional deviation correction database 424 is not limited to the configuration shown in FIG.
- the positional deviation correction database 424 stores an irradiation position correction map 602 using the positional deviation data set 601 as a search key.
- the number of tables 612 is not limited. This depends on the number of optical position sensors installed on the squeezing blade 210 and the number of detection positions of the optical position data at the time of positional deviation acquisition.
- the irradiation position correction map 602 stores the corrected irradiation position coordinates corresponding to each of the irradiation position coordinates before correction in the modeling data.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of the positional deviation data generation table 512a according to the present embodiment.
- the positional deviation data generation table 512a includes an irradiation position stored in the positional deviation correction database 424 by the positional deviation acquisition unit 423 storing a set of positional deviation data from the optical position sensors 211 to 213 installed in the squeezing blade 210. Used to generate the correction map 602 as a search key for searching.
- the same reference numerals are assigned to the same elements as in FIG.
- FIG. 7 illustrates a positional deviation of 4 points and a positional deviation of 9 points, the present invention is not limited to this.
- a table 611 in the case of four points in the position deviation data generation table 512a generates a set of first light position data 711 to fourth light position data 714 each consisting of an X coordinate deviation and a Y coordinate deviation, thereby correcting the position deviation. Output to the database 424 as a search key.
- the table 612 in the case of nine points of the position shift data generation table 512a generates a set of first light position data 721 to ninth light position data 729 each consisting of an X coordinate shift and a Y coordinate shift, thereby correcting the position shift. Output to the database 424 as a search key.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a configuration of the irradiation position coordinate correction table 522a according to the present embodiment.
- the irradiation position coordinate correction table 522a is used by the irradiation position correction unit 425 to correct the irradiation position coordinates of the modeling data to the irradiation position coordinates in which the positional deviation is corrected.
- the irradiation position coordinate correction table 522a is a correction data as correction data based on an irradiation position coordinate 801 before correction having an X coordinate and a Y coordinate and an irradiation position correction map 602 searched using a set of positional deviation data as a search key. It includes a later irradiation position coordinate 802 and a flag 803 as to whether or not to irradiate the irradiation position. In addition, when only the area
- FIG. 9 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of the additive manufacturing control unit 320 according to the present embodiment.
- a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 910 is a processor for arithmetic control, and implements a functional component of the additive manufacturing control unit 320 of FIG. 4 by executing a program.
- a ROM (Read Only Memory) 920 stores initial data and fixed data such as a program.
- the communication control unit 421 communicates with the information processing device 330 via a network or the like. Note that the number of CPUs 910 is not limited to one, and may be a plurality of CPUs or may include a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) for image processing.
- a processor for acquiring positional deviation data based on the received three-dimensional modeling data, a processor for correcting the irradiation position, and a processor for generating various commands for controlling the layered modeling unit 310 are different processors. It is desirable that The communication control unit 421 preferably includes a CPU independent of the CPU 910 and writes or reads transmission / reception data in a RAM (Random Access Memory) 940 area.
- the RAM 940 is a random access memory that the CPU 910 uses as a work area for temporary storage. In the RAM 940, an area for storing data necessary for realizing the present embodiment is secured.
- the three-dimensional modeling data 941 is data of a three-dimensional model that is currently layered.
- the optical position data 942 is data acquired from the optical position sensors 211 to 213.
- the positional deviation data generation table 512a is a table for the positional deviation acquisition unit 423 described with reference to FIG. 7 to generate a positional deviation data set.
- the irradiation position coordinate correction table 522a is a table for the irradiation position correction unit 425 described in FIG. 8 to correct the irradiation position coordinates corresponding to the positional deviation.
- the transmission / reception data 943 is data transmitted / received via the communication control unit 421.
- the storage 950 stores a database, various parameters, or the following data or programs necessary for realizing the present embodiment.
- the positional deviation correction database 424 stores an irradiation position correction map that is searched using the positional deviation data set as a search key, which has been described with reference to FIG.
- the three-dimensional modeling data 951 is data for layered modeling of a three-dimensional modeled object received from the information processing device 330 via the communication control unit 421 and stored.
- the position deviation correction algorithm 952 is an algorithm for correcting the irradiation position coordinates based on the position deviation data set.
- the storage 950 stores the following programs.
- the additive manufacturing control unit control program 953 is a control program that controls the entire additive manufacturing control unit 320.
- the three-dimensional modeling data acquisition module 954 is a module that communicates with the information processing apparatus 330 and acquires three-dimensional modeling data.
- the position shift data generation module 955 is a module that generates a search key based on the position shift data acquired from the optical position sensors 211 to 213.
- the irradiation position correction module 956 is a module for correcting the irradiation position coordinates based on the searched irradiation position correction map.
- RAM 940 and the storage 950 in FIG. 9 do not show programs and data related to general-purpose functions and other realizable functions that the additive manufacturing control unit 320 has.
- FIG. 10A is a flowchart illustrating a processing procedure of the additive manufacturing control unit 320 according to the present embodiment. This flowchart is executed by the CPU 910 in FIG. 9 using the RAM 940, and realizes a functional configuration unit of the additive manufacturing control unit 320 in FIG.
- the layered modeling control unit 320 receives and stores the three-dimensional modeling data from the information processing apparatus 330 in step S1001.
- the additive manufacturing control unit 320 acquires a positional deviation from the optical position sensor installed on the squeezing blade 210 and executes a positional deviation data generation process.
- the layered modeling control unit 320 performs an irradiation position correction process that compensates for the position shift, using the irradiation position correction map searched using the position shift data set as a search key.
- the layered modeling control unit 320 performs three-dimensional layered modeling in the layered modeling unit 310 using the corrected irradiation position coordinates.
- FIG. 10B is a flowchart showing a procedure of position shift data generation processing (S1003) according to the present embodiment.
- the switching unit of the additive manufacturing control unit 320 reduces the laser irradiation intensity (energy) to an intensity (energy) that can be irradiated on the squeezing blade 210 in step S1011.
- i is the number of detected position shifts in the moving direction (X direction) of the squeezing blade 210
- M is the number of optical position sensors on the squeezing blade 210
- N is the maximum number of position shift detection times
- the additive manufacturing control unit 320 waits for the squeezing blade 210 to move to the position (Xi) where the irradiation position deviation is detected in step S1015.
- the additive manufacturing control unit 320 sets the irradiation position (Xi, Yj) for laser irradiation in step S1017, and in step S1019. Instruct laser irradiation.
- the additive manufacturing control unit 320 receives the optical position data from the optical position sensor corresponding to the irradiation position (Xi, Yj) and holds it as positional deviation data.
- the additive manufacturing control unit 320 stores each irradiation position (Xi, Yj) and the positional deviation data in association with each other in step S1031. Then, the switching unit of the additive manufacturing control unit 320 returns the laser irradiation intensity (energy) to the normal state, and ends the positional deviation data generation process.
- FIG. 10C is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of irradiation position correction processing (S1005) according to the present embodiment.
- step S1041 the additive manufacturing control unit 320 searches the irradiation position correction map stored in the position shift correction database 424 using the correspondence data between the irradiation position (Xi, Yj) and the position shift data as a search key.
- the layered modeling control unit 320 acquires the irradiation position coordinates included in the modeling data from the three-dimensional modeling data storage unit 422 in step S1043.
- step S1044 the additive manufacturing control unit 320 corrects the irradiation position coordinates acquired using the searched irradiation position correction map.
- the positional deviation of the light irradiation is acquired, and the positional deviation is corrected by correcting the irradiation position coordinates.
- the laser irradiation position can be corrected in response to the change of the laser irradiation position during the layered modeling in the optical modeling apparatus. That is, since highly accurate laser positioning correction is possible even during additive manufacturing, positioning in the subsequent process is also facilitated.
- the additive manufacturing control apparatus is not receiving the irradiation light of the optical position sensor installed on the upper surface of the squeegee blade, but the reference mark (mark) on the upper surface of the squeegee blade. ) And the irradiated light are different in that a positional shift is detected. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those of the second embodiment, the same configurations and operations are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 11 is a conceptual diagram showing a modeling state by the additive manufacturing control apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 11 in order to clarify the modeling state according to the present embodiment, the dimensional relationship between the constituent elements is ignored, and the reference sign is illustrated greatly.
- the position shift detection at the minimum 4 points and the position shift detection at 9 points are shown, but the number of detection points may be appropriately selected in consideration of correction accuracy, cost, and the like.
- FIG. 11 shows two reference marks 1111 and 1112 attached to both end portions of the squeezing blade 1110 and irradiation light for irradiating the squeezing blade 1110 with respect to the positional deviation of irradiation at the four corner points of the layered modeling surface.
- This is an example 1101 in which the irradiation position correction is performed by detecting the positional deviation from the captured image.
- the upper left is the case where the entire position shifts to the lower right.
- the irradiation position coordinates based on the positional deviation data of the four points extracted from the captured images of the two reference signs 1111 and 1112 and the irradiation light that irradiates the squeezing blade 1110 are used as the irradiation position correction map. Is corrected, and the positional deviation is corrected as shown in the upper right.
- the middle stage and the lower stage of FIG. 11 include three reference marks 1111 to 1113 and squeezing blades 1110 arranged at both end portions and the central portion of the squeezing blade 1110 with respect to the positional deviation of irradiation at nine points on the layered modeling surface.
- the middle left is a case where a position shift occurs in which the whole is rotated clockwise around the upper left.
- the lower left is the case where a misalignment occurs in the center of each change.
- the irradiation position coordinates are determined by the irradiation position correction map based on the positional deviation data of nine points from the captured image of the three reference signs 1111 to 1113 and the irradiation light that irradiates the squeezing blade 1110. It is corrected and the positional deviation is corrected as shown in the middle lower right.
- the reference sign (mark) is not limited to “+”. A shape that can be imaged together with the laser beam and that can detect the positional deviation with higher accuracy is selected. Further, the number of reference marks (marks) attached to the squeezing blade 1110 and the number of positions where the squeezing blade 1110 is irradiated to detect positional deviation are not limited to this example, and correction accuracy and cost are considered. To be selected.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the additive manufacturing unit 1210 in the three-dimensional additive manufacturing system 1200 including the additive manufacturing control unit 1220 according to the present embodiment.
- the three-dimensional additive manufacturing system 1200 includes an additive manufacturing unit 1210, an additive manufacturing control unit 1220, and an information processing device 330.
- the layered modeling part 1210 has a squeezing blade 1110. Reference signs 1111 to 1113 are attached to the upper surface of the squeezing blade 1110.
- the layered modeling unit 1210 includes a positional deviation detection imaging unit (camera) 1216 that captures an image including the reference markers 1111 to 1113 and the irradiation position of the laser beam 315 emitted from the irradiation unit 312.
- the additive manufacturing control unit 1220 detects an irradiation position shift from a captured image including the reference markers 1111 to 1113 and the irradiation position of the laser beam 315.
- the positional deviation of the irradiation position by the laser beam 315 emitted from the irradiation unit 312 can be corrected not only before the additive manufacturing but also during the additive manufacturing. That is, when the squeezing blade 1110 moves on the modeling surface, the X and Y coordinate positions corresponding to the coordinate position in the X direction of the squeezing blade 1110 and the coordinate position in the Y direction of the reference signs 1111 to 1113 are set as the irradiation unit. Irradiation is performed with laser light 315 emitted from 312. At this time, the additive manufacturing control unit 1220 reduces the irradiation intensity (energy) and sets the X and Y coordinate positions.
- the positional deviation detection imaging unit 1216 captures the irradiation positions actually irradiated by the laser light 315 irradiated on the X and Y coordinate positions on the squeezing blade 1110 and the reference signs 1111 to 1113 to obtain the position. Detect misalignment. Based on the positional deviation data set, the irradiation position coordinates can be corrected as in the second embodiment.
- FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the additive manufacturing control unit 1220 in the three-dimensional additive manufacturing system 1200 according to the present embodiment.
- FIG. 13 functional configurations of the additive manufacturing control unit 1220 and the information processing apparatus 330 in FIG. 12 are illustrated.
- the layered modeling unit 1210 and the layered modeling control unit 1220 may constitute a three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1320, a so-called 3D printer.
- the structure of the layered modeling part 1210 is the same as that shown in FIG.
- the three-dimensional modeling apparatus 1320 including the additive manufacturing control unit 1220 and the information processing apparatus 330 are illustrated as separate apparatuses, but the additive manufacturing control unit 1220 may be configured as one apparatus. May be combined with the information processing apparatus 330.
- the same components as those in FIG. 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
- the additive manufacturing control unit 1220 includes a communication control unit 421, a three-dimensional modeling data storage unit 422, a positional deviation acquisition unit 1323, a positional deviation correction database 424, an irradiation position correction unit 425, and an additive manufacturing command unit 426. .
- the position shift acquisition unit 1323 receives a predetermined X based on the captured image including the reference marks 1111 to 1113 on the squeezing blade 1110 and the light irradiation position received from the position shift detection imaging unit 1216 of the layered modeling unit 1210. , The positional deviation data of the light in the Y coordinate is acquired.
- the predetermined X and Y coordinates can be set to two or three points in the Y direction and a desired number of points can be set in the X direction. . However, there is no limit on the number of points in both the X direction and the Y direction.
- the positional deviation acquisition unit 423, the positional deviation correction database 424, the irradiation position correction unit 425, and the additive manufacturing command unit 426 constitute all or a part of the irradiation control unit.
- FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the positional deviation acquisition unit 1323 according to the present embodiment.
- the positional deviation acquisition unit 1323 includes a captured image acquisition unit 1411, a reference sign extraction unit 1412, an irradiation position extraction unit 1413, and a positional deviation data generation unit 1414.
- the captured image acquisition unit 1411 acquires a captured image from the position shift detection imaging unit 1216.
- the reference sign extraction unit 1412 extracts reference signs 1111 to 1113 on the squeegee blade 1110 from the acquired captured image.
- the irradiation position extraction unit 1413 extracts the irradiation position of the laser beam on the squeezing blade 1110 from the acquired captured image.
- the positional deviation data generation unit 1414 has a positional deviation data generation table 1414a, the extraction positions of the reference signs 1111 to 1113 from the reference sign extraction part 1412, the irradiation extraction position of the laser light from the irradiation position extraction part 1413, The positional coordinates of the points are compared to determine the positional deviation of each point. Then, a position shift data set is generated as a search key for searching the irradiation position correction map from the position shift correction database 424.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a configuration of the positional deviation data generation table 1414a according to the present embodiment.
- the positional deviation data generation table 1414a includes the positional deviation data based on the positional deviation between the positions of the reference marks 1111 to 1113 attached to the squeezing blade 210 and the light irradiation position extracted by the positional deviation acquisition unit 423 from the captured image. Used to generate tuples.
- the same reference numerals are given to the same elements as those in FIG. 6 or FIG. Further, FIG. 15 illustrates a positional shift of nine points, but is not limited to this.
- the table of nine positions in the position deviation data generation table 1414a is associated with the nine light positions 1511, the coordinates 1512 of the reference marker center (the intersection point if +) consisting of X coordinates and Y coordinates, and X ′.
- the irradiation position coordinates (the center of the irradiation point) 1513 composed of the coordinates and the Y ′ coordinates are stored.
- a table 612 of position shift data composed of an X coordinate shift and a Y coordinate shift, which is associated with each of the nine light positions 1511, is generated. And output to the positional deviation correction database 424 as a search key.
- FIG. 16A is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of position shift data generation processing (S1003) according to the present embodiment.
- steps similar to those in FIG. 10B are denoted by the same step numbers, and redundant description is omitted.
- the layered modeling control unit 1220 executes position deviation acquisition processing from the captured image instead of step S1021 in FIG. 10B in step S1621.
- FIG. 16B is a flowchart illustrating a procedure of position shift acquisition processing (S1621) according to the present embodiment.
- step S1631 the additive manufacturing control unit 1220 acquires captured images including the reference markers 1111 to 1113 on the squeegee blade 1110 and the light irradiation positions from the positional deviation detection imaging unit 1216.
- step S1633 the additive manufacturing control unit 1220 extracts a reference mark on the squeezing blade 1110 and determines a coordinate position.
- step S ⁇ b> 1635 the additive manufacturing control unit 1220 extracts the irradiation position on the squeezing blade 1110 and determines the coordinate position.
- step S ⁇ b> 1637 the additive manufacturing control unit 1220 detects a positional deviation between the reference marker position and the irradiation position, and stores the positional deviation in association with the target position coordinates.
- the optical position sensor is provided on the upper surface of the squeezing blade by acquiring the positional deviation of the light irradiation based on the image including the reference mark attached to the upper surface of the squeezing blade and the irradiation position.
- the laser irradiation position can be corrected by simple adjustment corresponding to the change of the laser irradiation position during the layered modeling in the optical modeling apparatus. That is, if a reference mark is attached at the time of manufacturing the squeegee blade, the trouble of adjusting the installation position of the optical position sensor is eliminated.
- the additive manufacturing control apparatus irradiates the laminated material with the irradiation light in parallel by a plurality of irradiation units instead of one irradiation unit, and is three-dimensional. It differs in that the layered object is formed. Since other configurations and operations are the same as those of the second embodiment or the third embodiment, the same configurations and operations are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 17 is a conceptual diagram showing a modeling state by the additive manufacturing control apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the optical position sensor is greatly illustrated ignoring the dimensional relationship of the constituent elements.
- FIG. 17 the same components as those in FIG. Further, in FIG. 17, positional deviation detection at 9 points is shown, but the number of detection points may be appropriately selected in consideration of correction accuracy and cost.
- FIG. 17 shows the irradiation position correction by detecting the positional deviation of the irradiation at the nine points on the layered modeling surface by the three optical position sensors 211 to 213 installed at both end portions and the central portion of the squeezing blade 210. This is an example. In FIG. 17, only four points at the four corners are shown, but in actuality, it is assumed that positional deviations by the optical position sensors 211 to 213 are detected at nine points.
- the upper left is a case where the entire light is irradiated by, for example, four irradiation units and the positional deviation is detected by the three optical position sensors 211 to 213.
- the lower left is a case where, for example, four irradiation units irradiate a part divided into four parts, and the positional deviations are detected by the three optical position sensors 211 to 213.
- ⁇ , ⁇ , ⁇ , and X are irradiation positions.
- the irradiation position coordinates are corrected by the irradiation position correction map on the basis of the positional deviation data of nine points from the three optical position sensors 211 to 213 for each irradiation unit, as shown in the right figure. Misalignment is corrected.
- the irradiation position coordinates are corrected by the irradiation position correction map based on the positional deviation data of four points of the irradiation range among the three optical position sensors 211 to 213 for each irradiation unit. Then, the positional deviation is corrected as shown in the right figure.
- the number of optical position sensors arranged on the squeezing blade 210 and the number of positions on which the positional deviation is detected by irradiating the squeezing blade 210 are not limited to this example, and the correction accuracy and cost are taken into consideration. Selected.
- FIG. 18 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of the additive manufacturing unit 1810 in the three-dimensional additive manufacturing system 1800 including the additive manufacturing control unit 320 according to the present embodiment.
- the layered modeling unit 1810 includes a plurality of scanning amplifiers 313 and a plurality of corresponding two-axis rotary step motors and mirror units 314. Although not shown, it is assumed that a plurality of irradiation amplifiers 311 and a plurality of irradiation units (laser transmitters) 312 are also provided. In addition, the modeled object 1820 is divided into, for example, four partial areas A to D, and each laser beam 1815 irradiates the partial areas A to D in parallel to shorten the layered modeling time.
- the laser irradiation positions are corrected in a unified manner corresponding to the transition of the laser irradiation positions during additive manufacturing in the optical modeling apparatus. Can do. That is, it is possible to correct the positional deviation between the irradiation positions from the plurality of irradiation units.
- this embodiment shows the area
- the present invention may be applied to a system composed of a plurality of devices, or may be applied to a single device. Furthermore, the present invention is also applicable to the case where the additive manufacturing control program that realizes the functions of the embodiment is supplied directly or remotely to the system or apparatus. Therefore, in order to realize the functions of the present invention on a computer, a program installed on the computer, a medium storing the program, and a WWW (World Wide Web) server that downloads the program are also included in the scope of the present invention. . In particular, at least a non-transitory computer readable medium storing a program for causing a computer to execute the processing steps included in the above-described embodiments is included in the scope of the present invention.
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Abstract
Description
積層材料を積層造形物の上層に敷き詰めるためのスキージングブレードと前記積層材料を照射する照射手段とを有し、前記積層造形物を造形する積層造形部を制御する積層造形制御装置であって、
前記照射手段から照射光を受ける前記スキージングブレードの面上における、前記照射光の照射位置の位置ズレを取得する位置ズレ取得手段と、
前記位置ズレに基づいて、前記照射手段による照射位置を補正する照射位置補正手段と、
を備える。
積層材料を積層造形物の上層に敷き詰めるためのスキージングブレードと前記積層材料を照射する照射手段とを有し、前記積層造形物を造形する積層造形部を制御する積層造形制御方法であって、
前記照射手段から照射光を受ける前記スキージングブレードの面上における、前記照射光の照射位置の位置ズレを取得する位置ズレ取得ステップと、
前記位置ズレに基づいて、前記照射手段による照射位置を補正する照射位置補正ステップと、
を含む。
積層材料を積層造形物の上層に敷き詰めるためのスキージングブレードと前記積層材料を照射する照射手段とを有し、前記積層造形物を造形する積層造形装置を制御するコンピュータに実行させる積層造形制御プログラムであって、
前記照射手段から照射光を受ける前記スキージングブレードの面上における、前記照射光の照射位置の位置ズレを取得する位置ズレ取得ステップと、
前記位置ズレに基づいて、前記照射手段による照射位置を補正する照射位置補正ステップと、
をコンピュータに実行させる。
積層材料を積層造形物の上層に敷き詰めるためのスキージングブレードと前記積層材料を照射する照射手段とを有し、前記積層造形物を造形する積層造形手段と、
前記照射手段から照射光を受ける前記スキージングブレードの面上における、前記照射光の照射位置の位置ズレを取得する位置ズレ取得手段と、
前記位置ズレに基づいて、前記照射手段による照射位置を補正する照射位置補正手段と、
を備える。
本発明の第1実施形態としての積層造形制御装置100について、図1を用いて説明する。積層造形制御装置100は、積層材料を積層造形物113の上層に敷き詰めるためのスキージングブレード111と積層材料を照射する照射部112とを有し、積層造形物113を造形する積層造形部110を制御する装置である。
次に、本発明の第2実施形態に係る積層造形制御装置による積層造形について説明する。本実施形態に係る積層造形制御装置は、スキージングブレードの上面に設置された光位置センサの照射光の受光に基づいて、光照射の位置ズレを取得し、位置ズレを照射位置座標の補正による補正する。
図2は、本実施形態に係る積層造形制御装置による造形状態を示す概念図である。図2においては、本実施形態に係る造形状態を明瞭とするため、構成要素の寸法関係は無視して、光位置センサを大きく図示している。なお、図2においては、最小の4点での位置ズレ検出と、9点での位置ズレ検出を示すが、検出点の数は補正精度や費用などを考慮して適切に選択されてよい。
図3は、本実施形態に係る積層造形制御部320を含む3次元積層造形システム300における積層造形部310の機能構成を示すブロック図である。
図4は、本実施形態に係る3次元積層造形システム300における積層造形制御部320の機能構成を示すブロック図である。図4においては、図3の積層造形制御部320と情報処理装置330の機能構成を示す。ここで、積層造形部310と積層造形制御部320とは、3次元造形装置420、いわゆる3Dプリンタを構成してもよい。積層造形部310の構成は図3と同様であり、重複する説明は省略する。なお、図4においては、積層造形制御部320を含む3次元造形装置420と情報処理装置330とを別の装置として図示しているが、1つの装置として構成されても、積層造形制御部320を情報処理装置330に合体させてもよい。
図5Aは、本実施形態に係る位置ズレ取得部423の機能構成を示すブロック図である。
図5Bは、本実施形態に係る照射位置補正部425の機能構成を示すブロック図である。
図6は、本実施形態に係る位置ズレ補正用データベース424の構成を示す図である。位置ズレ補正用データベース424は、位置ズレ取得部423が生成した位置ズレデータ組を検索キーとして、検索される照射位置補正マップを格納しており、照射位置補正部425による位置ズレを補正するために使用される。なお、位置ズレ補正用データベース424は、図6の構成に限定されない。
図7は、本実施形態に係る位置ズレデータ生成テーブル512aの構成を示す図である。位置ズレデータ生成テーブル512aは、位置ズレ取得部423が、スキージングブレード210に設置された光位置センサ211~213からの位置ズレデータの組を、位置ズレ補正用データベース424に格納された照射位置補正マップ602を検索する検索キーとして生成するために使用される。なお、図7で図6と同様の要素には同じ参照番号を付与する。また、図7には、4点の位置ズレと9点の位置ズレとを説明するが、これに限定されない。
図8は、本実施形態に係る照射位置座標補正テーブル522aの構成を示す図である。照射位置座標補正テーブル522aは、照射位置補正部425が、造形データの照射位置座標を位置ズレが補正された照射位置座標に補正するために使用される。
図9は、本実施形態に係る積層造形制御部320のハードウェア構成を示すブロック図である。
図10Aは、本実施形態に係る積層造形制御部320の処理手順を示すフローチャートである。このフローチャートは、図9のCPU910がRAM940を使用して実行し、図4の積層造形制御部320の機能構成部を実現する。
図10Bは、本実施形態に係る位置ズレデータ生成処理(S1003)の手順を示すフローチャートである。
図10Cは、本実施形態に係る照射位置補正処理(S1005)の手順を示すフローチャートである。
次に、本発明の第3実施形態に係る積層造形制御装置を含む3次元積層造形システムによる積層造形について説明する。本実施形態に係る積層造形制御装置は、上記第2実施形態と比べると、スキージングブレードの上面に設置された光位置センサの照射光の受光でなく、スキージングブレードの上面の基準標識(マーク)と照射光とを撮像することにより位置ズレを検出する点で異なる。その他の構成および動作は、第2実施形態と同様であるため、同じ構成および動作については同じ符号を付してその詳しい説明を省略する。
図11は、本実施形態に係る積層造形制御装置による造形状態を示す概念図である。図11においては、本実施形態に係る造形状態を明瞭とするため、構成要素の寸法関係は無視して、基準標識を大きく図示している。なお、図11においては、最小の4点での位置ズレ検出と、9点での位置ズレ検出を示すが、検出点の数は補正精度や費用などを考慮して適切に選択されてよい。
図12は、本実施形態に係る積層造形制御部1220を含む3次元積層造形システム1200における積層造形部1210の機能構成を示すブロック図である。なお、図12において、図2または図3と同様の構成要素には同じ参照番号を付して、重複する説明を省略する。
図13は、本実施形態に係る3次元積層造形システム1200における積層造形制御部1220の機能構成を示すブロック図である。図13においては、図12の積層造形制御部1220と情報処理装置330の機能構成を示す。ここで、積層造形部1210と積層造形制御部1220とは、3次元造形装置1320、いわゆる3Dプリンタを構成してもよい。積層造形部1210の構成は図12と同様であり、重複する説明は省略する。なお、図13においては、積層造形制御部1220を含む3次元造形装置1320と情報処理装置330とを別の装置として図示しているが、1つの装置として構成されても、積層造形制御部1220を情報処理装置330に合体させてもよい。なお、図13において、図4と同様の構成要素には同じ参照番号を付して、重複する説明を省略する。
図14は、本実施形態に係る位置ズレ取得部1323の機能構成を示すブロック図である。
図15は、本実施形態に係る位置ズレデータ生成テーブル1414aの構成を示す図である。位置ズレデータ生成テーブル1414aは、位置ズレ取得部423が、撮像画像から抽出した、スキージングブレード210に付された基準標識1111~1113の位置と、光照射位置との位置ズレから位置ズレデータの組を生成するために使用される。なお、図15で図6または図7と同様の要素には同じ参照番号を付与する。また、図15には、9点の位置ズレを説明するが、これに限定されない。
図16Aは、本実施形態に係る位置ズレデータ生成処理(S1003)の手順を示すフローチャートである。なお、図16Aにおいて、図10Bと同様のステップには同じステップ番号を付して、重複する説明は省略する。
図16Bは、本実施形態に係る位置ズレ取得処理(S1621)の手順を示すフローチャートである。
次に、本発明の第4実施形態に係る積層造形制御装置を含む3次元積層造形システムによる積層造形について説明する。本実施形態に係る積層造形制御装置は、上記第2実施形態および第3実施形態と比べると、1つの照射部でなく複数の照射部によって並行して照射光を積層材料に照射して3次元積層造形物を造形する点で異なる。その他の構成および動作は、第2実施形態または第3実施形態と同様であるため、同じ構成および動作については同じ符号を付してその詳しい説明を省略する。なお、以下ではスキージングブレードに光位置センサを設置した第2実施形態の変形例を示すが、スキージングブレードに基準標識を付した第3実施形態への適用も同様である。
図17は、本実施形態に係る積層造形制御装置による造形状態を示す概念図である。図17においては、本実施形態に係る造形状態を明瞭とするため、構成要素の寸法関係は無視して、光位置センサを大きく図示している。なお、図17において、図2と同様の構成要素には同じ参照番号を付して、重複する説明を省略する。また、図17においては、9点での位置ズレ検出を示すが、検出点の数は補正精度や費用などを考慮して適切に選択されてよい。
図18は、本実施形態に係る積層造形制御部320を含む3次元積層造形システム1800における積層造形部1810の機能構成を示すブロック図である。なお、図18において、図2または図3と同様の構成要素には同じ参照番号を付して、重複する説明を省略する。
なお、本実施形態は、3次元積層造形において各層の造形領域を微細に分割した領域を示す(例えば、0.1mm四方の矩形など)“セル領域”単位で造形する3次元積層造形システムに対しても、同様に適用されて同様の効果を奏する。
Claims (10)
- 積層材料を積層造形物の上層に敷き詰めるためのスキージングブレードと前記積層材料を照射する照射手段とを有し、前記積層造形物を造形する積層造形部を制御する積層造形制御装置であって、
前記照射手段から照射光を受ける前記スキージングブレードの面上における、前記照射光の照射位置の位置ズレを取得する位置ズレ取得手段と、
前記位置ズレに基づいて、前記照射手段による照射位置を補正する照射位置補正手段と、
を備える積層造形制御装置。 - 前記位置ズレ取得手段は、前記スキージングブレードの面上に軸方向に離れて配置された少なくとも2つの光位置センサを有し、前記少なくとも2つの光位置センサの出力に基づいて前記照射光の照射位置の位置ズレを取得する、請求項1に記載の積層造形制御装置。
- 前記位置ズレ取得手段は、前記スキージングブレードの面上に軸方向に離れて設置された少なくとも2つの基準標識と、前記基準標識の設置位置と前記照射光の照射位置とを含む画像を撮像する撮像手段とを有し、前記撮像された画像における前記基準標識の設置位置と前記照射光の照射位置との位置ズレに基づいて前記照射光の照射位置の位置ズレを取得する、請求項1に記載の積層造形制御装置。
- 前記位置ズレ取得手段は、移動する前記スキージングブレードの異なる位置において少なくとも4つの照射位置の位置ズレを取得し、
前記照射位置補正手段は、前記少なくとも4つの照射位置の位置ズレの情報に基づいて、前記前記照射手段による照射位置を補正する、請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の積層造形制御装置。 - 前記照射位置補正手段は、前記位置ズレ取得手段が取得した照射位置の位置ズレの情報に基づいて、全ての照射位置を補正する照射位置座標の補正データを生成して前記照射位置座標に対応付けて記憶する記憶手段を有し、前記記憶手段を用いて前記前記照射手段による照射位置を補正する、請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の積層造形制御装置。
- 前記積層造形制御装置は複数の照射手段により並行して前記積層造形物を造形し、
前記位置ズレ取得手段は、前記複数の照射手段の各々による前記スキージングブレードの面上における、前記照射光の照射位置の位置ズレを取得し、
前記照射位置補正手段は、前記位置ズレに基づいて、前記複数の照射手段の各々による照射位置を補正する、請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項に記載の積層造形制御装置。 - 前記照射手段による照射強度を、前記スキージングブレードの面上を照射して前記照射光の照射位置の位置ズレを取得する場合に、低減するように切り替える切替手段を、さらに備える請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載の積層造形制御装置。
- 積層材料を積層造形物の上層に敷き詰めるためのスキージングブレードと前記積層材料を照射する照射手段とを有し、前記積層造形物を造形する積層造形部を制御する積層造形制御方法であって、
前記照射手段から照射光を受ける前記スキージングブレードの面上における、前記照射光の照射位置の位置ズレを取得する位置ズレ取得ステップと、
前記位置ズレに基づいて、前記照射手段による照射位置を補正する照射位置補正ステップと、
を含む積層造形制御方法。 - 積層材料を積層造形物の上層に敷き詰めるためのスキージングブレードと前記積層材料を照射する照射手段とを有し、前記積層造形物を造形する積層造形装置を制御するコンピュータに実行させる積層造形制御プログラムであって、
前記照射手段から照射光を受ける前記スキージングブレードの面上における、前記照射光の照射位置の位置ズレを取得する位置ズレ取得ステップと、
前記位置ズレに基づいて、前記照射手段による照射位置を補正する照射位置補正ステップと、
をコンピュータに実行させる積層造形制御プログラム。 - 積層材料を積層造形物の上層に敷き詰めるためのスキージングブレードと前記積層材料を照射する照射手段とを有し、前記積層造形物を造形する積層造形手段と、
前記照射手段から照射光を受ける前記スキージングブレードの面上における、前記照射光の照射位置の位置ズレを取得する位置ズレ取得手段と、
前記位置ズレに基づいて、前記照射手段による照射位置を補正する照射位置補正手段と、
を備える3次元積層造形システム。
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