WO2017206463A1 - 一种r6级系泊链普环的闪光焊接工艺 - Google Patents

一种r6级系泊链普环的闪光焊接工艺 Download PDF

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WO2017206463A1
WO2017206463A1 PCT/CN2016/108658 CN2016108658W WO2017206463A1 WO 2017206463 A1 WO2017206463 A1 WO 2017206463A1 CN 2016108658 W CN2016108658 W CN 2016108658W WO 2017206463 A1 WO2017206463 A1 WO 2017206463A1
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electrode
movable
fixed
welding
mooring chain
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PCT/CN2016/108658
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English (en)
French (fr)
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黄永宏
张卫新
陶安祥
陶兴
李剑
邵云亮
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陶安祥
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Priority to RU2017126737A priority Critical patent/RU2714279C1/ru
Publication of WO2017206463A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017206463A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/04—Flash butt welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/34—Preliminary treatment

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  • the invention relates to a marine mooring chain, in particular to a flash welding process suitable for a ⁇ 84 mm R6 mooring chain.
  • Marine mooring chains are widely used in large-scale marine engineering structures and are chains of life that are safe for use in harsh marine conditions. With the development of offshore engineering to the deep sea, the requirements for mooring chain performance of various facilities are getting higher and higher. To increase the load carrying capacity of the mooring chain, one is to increase the specification of the chain, and the other is to increase the strength level of the chain.
  • marine facilities tend to be large-scale and specialized, the expansion of the chain diameter is subject to many factors, and often requires a higher-strength mooring chain to overcome the adverse effects of adverse sea conditions. According to the mechanical properties, it can be divided into several grades such as R3, R3S, R4, R4S and R5.
  • the R6 grade mooring chain is 10% stronger than the R5 strength.
  • the heat treatment process is changed, on the other hand, an appropriate amount of alloying elements are added, and the composition change has a certain influence on the welding performance.
  • the mooring chain requires high performance uniformity, and any one of the loop defects may cause the entire chain to fail. Therefore, how to select the best welding process parameters in a narrow range of strength, so that the R6 mooring chain has better mechanical properties, requires a lot of experiments.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems.
  • a flash welding apparatus for a R6 grade mooring chain comprising a mooring chain, wherein the upper annular portion of the mooring chain is provided with a weld.
  • a fixed electrode is disposed on the left side of the weld, the fixed electrode includes a fixed upper electrode and a fixed lower electrode;
  • a movable electrode is disposed on the right side of the weld, the movable electrode includes a movable upper electrode, a movable lower electrode; the fixed upper electrode and the movable upper electrode Both are disposed behind the mooring chain, and the fixed lower electrode and the movable lower electrode are disposed in front of the mooring chain.
  • the flash soldering process includes the following steps:
  • the mooring chain is placed in the middle of the four electrodes, and the four electrodes are divided into two groups, which are composed of a fixed upper electrode and a fixed lower electrode.
  • a fixed electrode, a movable upper electrode, and a movable lower electrode constitute a set of movable electrodes, and the mooring chain is fixed on the welding machine through the interaction of the four electrodes;
  • the upset forging pressure, the fixed electrode and the movable electrode and the upset forging cylinder are kept under pressure for a period of time, that is, the cooling time, so that the weld at the joint has sufficient deformation resistance to prevent cracking of the welded port caused by the annular rebound.
  • the invention has reasonable process, ensures that the welding performance of the link meets the mechanical performance requirements of R6, and has good economic and social benefits for popularization and application.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevational view of the mounting structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the mounting structure of the present invention.
  • a flash welding process for a R6 mooring chain comprising a mooring chain ring 3, characterized in that: the upper annular middle portion of the mooring chain ring 3 is provided with a weld bead 4, and the left side of the weld bead 4
  • the fixed electrode 1 is disposed on the side, the fixed electrode 1 includes a fixed upper electrode 101, and the lower electrode 102 is fixed; the right side of the weld bead 4 is provided with a movable electrode 2, the movable electrode 2 includes a movable upper electrode 201, a movable lower electrode 202, and a fixed upper electrode 101 and the movable upper electrode 201 are both disposed behind the mooring chain ring 3, and the fixed lower electrode 102 and the movable lower electrode 202 are both disposed in front of the mooring chain ring 3; and the following steps are included:
  • the fixed electrode 1 and the movable electrode 2 are respectively connected with the secondary of the welding transformer. After the voltage is applied, the welding end face is quickly contacted one or more times, and is quickly separated to form an intermittent flash;
  • the movable electrode 2 is advanced at a certain speed until the end of the burning amount control, the amount of burning is the distance between the fixed electrode 1 and the movable electrode 2, which is 16 to 18 mm;
  • the top forging pressure, the fixed electrode 1 and the movable electrode 2 and the upsetting cylinder are kept for a period of time, that is, the cooling time, so that the weld 4 at the joint has sufficient deformation resistance to prevent cracking of the welded port caused by the annular rebound.
  • the present invention takes the following welding parameters:
  • R6 mooring chain steel contains more Mo element and a small amount of trace elements such as V, Nb, Ti, etc. These elements will significantly improve the high temperature strength of the material, but in order to ensure sufficient plastic deformation during upsetting, Properly increase the amount of burning and prolong the burning time;
  • the amount of forging When the amount of forging is small, liquid metal remains in the interface, which easily forms defects such as looseness, shrinkage, cracks, foundry structure, gray spots, oxidized inclusions, and incomplete penetration, which deteriorates the mechanical properties of the joint.
  • the obtained impact value is low;
  • the upper forging amount is excessively extruded to excessively plastic metal, which increases the difficulty of removing the joint burr, and also reduces the impact toughness of the joint due to partial tearing of the joint and severe bending of the crystal grain;
  • R6 has high strength and large deformation resistance during upsetting, so appropriately increasing the top forging length has avoided the situation that the upsetting is not true;
  • the selection of welding speed is related to whether the flash welding process can be carried out smoothly. Only the proper welding speed can be selected to ensure the strong and stable flash and obtain the best heating effect.
  • the composition and properties of the material to be welded contain many oxidizable elements. Or a material with good electrical and thermal conductivity, the burning rate should be large;
  • the choice of secondary voltage will affect the power output power and the thermal efficiency of the welding; through the test, the secondary electricity When the pressure is too low, the flash is unstable, and the weldment is short-circuited and the flash is stopped. If the secondary voltage is too high, a deep fire pit will be left on the end face, and the forging cannot be completely closed, which is easy to cause slag and shrinkage. Holes and other defects affect the quality of the joint;
  • the electric continuous upsetting is used to supplement the heating of the weld after the flash is stopped, so as to facilitate the elimination of the liquid gold and the plastic cross-section;
  • the R6 grade mooring chain has a large stress, and the electric forging is increased to ensure the weld can be fully fused to prevent Cracking of the weld after removal of the top forging force;
  • cooling time, high strength chain has higher deformation resistance, need to increase the cooling time after upsetting to prevent rebound.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

一种R6级系泊链普环的闪光焊接装置，及其闪光焊接工艺，所述焊接工艺包括以下步骤：A）、焊接准备，将系泊链普环（3）放于四个电极中间，通过四个电极共同作用将系泊链普环固定在焊机上；B）、闪光预热，固定电极（1）和活动电极（2）分别与焊接变压器次级相连接，施加电压后，焊接端面一次或多次迅速接触，又迅速分开，形成断续闪光；C）、稳定的连续闪光过程，活动电极（2）按一定速度推进，直至烧化量控制结束，烧化量即固定电极（1）和活动电极（2）的间距缩量；D）、顶锻；E）、有电持续顶锻；F）、顶锻保压，固定电极（1）和活动电极（2）及顶锻油缸保压一段时间，使接头处的焊缝（4）有足够的变形抗力。该焊接工艺合理，保证链环焊接性能满足R6力学性能要求。

Description

一种R6级系泊链普环的闪光焊接工艺 技术领域
本发明涉及海洋系泊链，特别涉及一种适合Φ84mmR6级系泊链普环的闪光焊接工艺。
背景技术
海洋系泊链广泛用于大型海洋工程结构物，是保证在恶劣的海洋工况下安全使用的生命之链。随着海洋工程向深海发展，各类设施对系泊链性能的要求也越来越高。要提高系泊链的承载负荷，一是提高链条的规格，二是提高链条的强度等级。但是，虽然海洋设施趋于大型化、专业化，然而链径的扩大受制于诸多因素的制约，往往需要更高强度级别的系泊链，克服恶劣海况等不利条件带来的影响。按照按机械性能可分为R3、R3S、R4、R4S、R5等几个等级。作为海洋石油勘探、采集固定装置的不可缺少的安全保障装备，客户对系泊链性能和可靠性要求也越来越高。通过几十年的发展，系泊链已经从R3、R3S发展到了R4、R4S，乃至现在的R5，实现了跨越式的发展。时至今日，系泊链已不再是一种简单的重工业产品，而是一种充满科技含量，具有一定行业门槛的新型海工配套产品。
R6级系泊链相较于R5强度提高了10％，要提高产品强度，一方面是改变热处理工艺，一方面是增加适量的合金元素，而成分的改变会对焊接性能造成一定的影响。系泊链对性能均匀性要求较高，任何一环的缺陷都有可能导致整根链条失效。因此如何在窄强度范围内选择最佳的焊接工艺参数，使R6系泊链具有更好的力学性，需要进行大量的试验。
发明内容
本发明的目的要解决上述技术问题。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：一种R6级系泊链普环的闪光焊接装置，包括系泊链普环，其特征在于：所述的系泊链普环的上部环形中部设置有焊缝，焊缝的左侧设置有固定电极，固定电极包括固定上电极、固定下电极；焊缝的右侧设置有活动电极，活动电极包括活动上电极、活动下电极；固定上电极和活动上电极均设置在系泊链普环的后方，固定下电极和活动下电极均设置在系泊链普环的前方。
闪光焊接工艺包括以下步骤：
A)、焊接准备，R6级系泊链环在编环后，将系泊链普环放于四个电极中间，其中四个电极分为两组，由固定上电极、固定下电极组成一组固定电极、由活动上电极、活动下电极组成一组活动电极，通过四个电极共同作用将系泊链普环固定在焊机上；
B)、闪光预热，固定电极和活动电极分别与焊接变压器次级相连接，施加电压后，焊接端面一次或多次迅速接触，又迅速分开，形成断续闪光；
C)、稳定的连续闪光过程，活动电极按一定速度推进，直至烧化量控制结束，烧化量即固定电极和活动电极的间距缩量，为16～18mm；
D)、顶锻，对焊接端面施加足够的顶锻压力，接口间隙迅速减小、过梁停止爆破，同时挤出端面的液态金属及氧化夹杂物，达到规定的顶锻量，并使接头区产生一定的塑性变形，以促进再结晶的进行、形成共同晶粒、获得牢固的对接接头；
E)、有电持续顶锻，闪光结束后不立即断电，在顶锻过程中延迟一段时间停电；
F)、顶锻保压，固定电极和活动电极及顶锻油缸保压一段时间，即冷却时间，使接头处的焊缝有足够的变形抗力，防止环形回弹造成焊接端口开裂。
本发明工艺合理，保证链环焊接性能满足R6力学性能要求，推广应用具有良好的经济和社会效益。
附图说明
图1是本发明的安装结构主视图。
图2是本发明的安装结构俯视图。
图中：1.固定电极；2.活动电极；3.系泊链普环；4.焊缝；101.固定上电极；102.固定下电极；201.活动上电极；202.活动下电极。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明，但不作为对本发明的限制：
一种R6级系泊链普环的闪光焊接工艺，包括系泊链普环3，其特征在于：所述的系泊链普环3的上部环形中部设置有焊缝4，焊缝4的左侧设置有固定电极1，固定电极1包括固定上电极101、固定下电极102；焊缝4的右侧设置有活动电极2，活动电极2包括活动上电极201、活动下电极202；固定上电极101和活动上电极201均设置在系泊链普环3的后方，固定下电极102和活动下电极202均设置在系泊链普环3的前方；包括以下步骤：
A)、焊接准备，R6级系泊链环在编环后，将系泊链普环3放于四个电极中间，其中四个电极分为两组，由固定上电极101、固定下电极102组成一组固定电极1、由活动上电极201、活动下电极202组成一组活动电极2，通过四个电极共同作用将系泊链普环3固定在焊机上；
B)、闪光预热，固定电极1和活动电极2分别与焊接变压器次级相连接，施加电压后，焊接端面一次或多次迅速接触，又迅速分开，形成断续闪光；
C)、稳定的连续闪光过程，活动电极2按一定速度推进，直至烧化量控制结束，烧化量即固定电极1和活动电极2的间距缩量，为16～18mm；
D)、顶锻，对焊接端面施加足够的顶锻压力，接口间隙迅速减小、过梁停止爆破，同时挤出端面的液态金属及氧化夹杂物，达到规定的顶锻量，并使接头区产生一定的塑性变形，以促进再结晶的进行、形成共同晶粒、获得牢固的对接接头；
E)、有电持续顶锻，闪光结束后不立即断电，在顶锻过程中延迟一段时间停电；
F)、顶锻保压，固定电极1和活动电极2及顶锻油缸保压一段时间，即冷却时间，使接头处的焊缝4有足够的变形抗力，防止环形回弹造成焊接端口开裂。
具体实施时，本发明采取以下的焊接参数：
1)、烧化量：16～18mm，
烧化量的选取必须保证烧化过程结束时，能在焊件的两个端面上保证加热均匀，产生足够的熔化金属层，同时在一定深度上达到塑性变形温度，这样在顶锻的时候才能获得优质的接头；R6系泊链钢含有较多的Mo元素和少量的V,Nb,Ti等微量元素，这些元素会显著提高材料的高温强度，但是为了保证顶锻时能产生足够的塑性变形，需要适当增大烧化量，并延长烧化时间；
2)、顶锻长：19～22mm，
在顶锻量较小的时候，会有液态金属残留在接口中，易形成疏松、缩孔、裂纹、铸造组织、灰斑、氧化夹杂物、未焊透等缺陷，使接头力学性能降低，因而得到的冲击值较低；顶锻量偏大会挤压出过多的塑性金属，增加清除接头毛刺的困难，还会因接头局部撕裂以及晶纹严重弯曲，降低接头的冲击韧度；考虑到R6强度高，顶锻时变形抗力大，因此适当增加顶锻长已避免出现顶锻不实的情况；
3)、烧化速度：1.8～2.0mm/s，
焊接速度的选取关系着闪光焊接过程能否顺利进行，只有选取了合适的焊接速度才能保证闪光的强烈和稳定，并获得最佳的加热效果；被焊材料的成分和性能含有易氧化元素多的或导电导热性好的材料，烧化速度应较大；
4)、次级电压：14～16V，
次级电压的选择会影响到电源输出功率和焊接时的热效率；通过试验可知，次级电 压过低的时候，闪光不稳定，容易发生焊件短路而中止闪光；次级电压过高，会在端面上留下较深的火坑，而且顶锻时无法完全封闭，易产生夹渣、缩孔等缺陷，影响接头质量；
5)、系统压力：16～20MPa，
由于R6级系泊链强度高，变形抗力大，因此相较于同规格低等级链环需要适当增加系统压力，防止在顶锻过程中电极发生打滑造成顶锻不足；
6)、有电持续顶锻，
有电持续顶锻为了在闪光停止后对焊缝进行补充加热，以利于排除液态金届和进行塑性交形；R6级系泊链应力大，增加有电顶锻使焊缝能够充分熔合，防止顶锻力移除后焊缝开裂；
7)、冷却时间，高强度链拥有更高的变形抗力，需要增加顶锻后的冷却时间以防止出现回弹。
本发明的上述实施例，仅仅是清楚地说明本发明所做的举例，但不用来限制本发明的保护范围，所有等同的技术方案也属于本发明的范畴，本发明的专利保护范围应由各项权利要求限定。

Claims (2)

  1. 一种R6级系泊链普环的闪光焊接装置，包括系泊链普环(3)，其特征在于：所述的系泊链普环(3)的上部环形中部设置有焊缝(4)，焊缝(4)的左侧设置有固定电极(1)，固定电极(1)包括固定上电极(101)、固定下电极(102)；焊缝(4)的右侧设置有活动电极(2)，活动电极(2)包括活动上电极(201)、活动下电极(202)；固定上电极(101)和活动上电极(201)均设置在系泊链普环(3)的后方，固定下电极(102)和活动下电极(202)均设置在系泊链普环(3)的前方。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种R6级系泊链普环的闪光焊接工艺，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
    A)、焊接准备，R6级系泊链环在编环后，将系泊链普环(3)放于四个电极中间，其中四个电极分为两组，由固定上电极(101)、固定下电极(102)组成一组固定电极(1)、由活动上电极(201)、活动下电极(202)组成一组活动电极(2)，通过四个电极共同作用将系泊链普环(3)固定在焊机上；
    B)、闪光预热，固定电极(1)和活动电极(2)分别与焊接变压器次级相连接，施加电压后，焊接端面一次或多次迅速接触，又迅速分开，形成断续闪光；
    C)、稳定的连续闪光过程，活动电极(2)按一定速度推进，直至烧化量控制结束，烧化量即固定电极(1)和活动电极(2)的间距缩量，为16～18mm；
    D)、顶锻，对焊接端面施加足够的顶锻压力，接口间隙迅速减小、过梁停止爆破，同时挤出端面的液态金属及氧化夹杂物，达到规定的顶锻量，并使接头区产生一定的塑性变形，以促进再结晶的进行、形成共同晶粒、获得牢固的对接接头；
    E)、有电持续顶锻，闪光结束后不立即断电，在顶锻过程中延迟一段时间停电；
    F)、顶锻保压，固定电极(1)和活动电极(2)及顶锻油缸保压一段时间，即冷却时间，使接头处的焊缝(4)有足够的变形抗力，防止环形回弹造成焊接端口开裂。
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