WO2017206394A1 - 一种轻型光伏组件 - Google Patents

一种轻型光伏组件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017206394A1
WO2017206394A1 PCT/CN2016/099853 CN2016099853W WO2017206394A1 WO 2017206394 A1 WO2017206394 A1 WO 2017206394A1 CN 2016099853 W CN2016099853 W CN 2016099853W WO 2017206394 A1 WO2017206394 A1 WO 2017206394A1
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photovoltaic module
insulating layer
light
adhesive layer
solar cell
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PCT/CN2016/099853
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杜国宏
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苏州思博露光伏能源科技有限公司
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Priority to JP2019516038A priority Critical patent/JP2019519942A/ja
Publication of WO2017206394A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017206394A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of photovoltaic energy technologies, and in particular to a light photovoltaic module.
  • Solar cells also known as “solar chips” or “photocells” are optoelectronic semiconductor wafers that use solar light to generate electricity directly, which, when illuminated, can instantaneously output voltage and generate current in the presence of a loop.
  • Solar cells have a wide range of applications, from military and aerospace to industrial, commercial, agricultural, communications, household appliances and utilities, especially in remote areas, mountains, deserts, islands and rural areas. Use in order to save expensive transmission lines.
  • solar cells need to be fabricated into solar cell modules of different sizes.
  • a solar cell module in which a plurality of solar cells are connected in series to form a higher voltage output is often referred to as a photovoltaic module, and the fabricated photovoltaic module can be laid on the top of a building to supply power to the interior of the building, or can be placed on a motorhome or a tent. It is used outdoors as a power source.
  • photovoltaic modules can also be used in the construction of solar power stations.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module in the prior art
  • the photovoltaic module includes a package glass 10 of a light incident surface, and an adhesive layer EVA 11 , 13 , single Crystalline or polycrystalline silicon solar cell 12, TPT backplane 14, component sealed mounting frame 15, the photovoltaic module is heavier and fragile, when applied to the top of a building or when building a photovoltaic power station, etc.
  • the supporting structure puts forward higher requirements and increases the cost of engineering construction.
  • a lightweight photovoltaic module comprising: a backing plate, a first insulating layer, a solar cell sheet, a second insulating layer and a light transmissive film disposed in sequence, further comprising a backing plate, a first insulating layer, and a solar cell a sealing mounting frame on the side of the sheet, the second insulating layer and the transparent film; an adhesive layer is disposed between the back sheet, the first insulating layer, the solar cell sheet, the second insulating layer and the transparent film;
  • the bottom surface of the back plate forms a backlight surface of the photovoltaic module
  • the surface of the light transparent film forms a light receiving surface of the photovoltaic module
  • at least one surface of the light transparent film is formed with a plurality of uneven structures uniformly arranged.
  • the back sheet is an anticorrosive metal sheet or an engineering plastic sheet.
  • the solar cell sheet is connected in series by a plurality of single crystal silicon cells and/or a plurality of polycrystalline silicon cells, and the solar cells are arranged in an array on the adhesive layer on the surface of the first insulating layer. on.
  • the bottom surface of the backboard is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs, and the plurality of reinforcing ribs are arranged in a parallel or intersecting manner.
  • the first insulating layer is a white insulating layer
  • the second insulating layer is a transparent fluoroplastic insulating layer
  • the uneven structure includes a concave structure and a convex structure formed on a surface, the concave structure and the convex structure are alternately arranged, and the structures are arranged at equal intervals.
  • the light transmissive film is a high resistance water vapor fluoroplastic light transmissive film.
  • the light transmissive film has a water vapor permeability of ⁇ 1 g/m 2 ⁇ 24H and a light transmittance of >94% under conditions of 90% RH and 40 °C.
  • a first adhesive layer is disposed between the back plate and the first insulating layer, and a second adhesive layer is disposed between the first insulating layer and the solar cell sheet, and the solar cell and the second
  • a third adhesive layer is disposed between the insulating layers, and a fourth adhesive layer is disposed between the second insulating layer and the transparent film, and the material of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer is POE, and the third The material of the adhesive layer and the fourth adhesive layer is EVA, and the transmittance of the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer is >93%.
  • the photovoltaic module further includes an elastic conductive sheet, and the back plate, the reinforcing rib and the sealing mounting frame are coupled by the elastic conductive sheet, so that the sealing mounting side
  • the resistance between the frame and the backplane is less than 0.1 ohms.
  • the light-transmissive film has a plurality of uneven structures uniformly arranged, which improves the light collection rate of the sunlight, relatively increases the light-receiving area of the solar cell sheet, and improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency;
  • the photovoltaic module is light in weight, and under the same area, its weight is only one-half of the weight of the traditional glass-encapsulated photovoltaic module, which is not easy to be broken during transportation and installation operations, is easy to install and transport, and reduces the cost of engineering construction;
  • the light-transmissive film used in the photovoltaic module is a high-resistance water vapor fluoroplastic light-transmissive film, which has higher light transmittance than the transparent light-transmissive layer of the conventional photovoltaic module, and has a better function of blocking water vapor, thereby increasing the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic module. And service life;
  • the materials selected for photovoltaic modules have better UV and weather resistance and long-term sustainable power generation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a measurement result of light transmittance of each material layer in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 as a function of light wavelength.
  • the lightweight photovoltaic module of the present invention includes a backing plate 20, a first insulating layer 22, a solar cell sheet 24, and a second insulating layer 26 disposed in sequence.
  • the transparent film 28 further includes a sealing mounting frame 29 on the circumferential side of the back plate 20, the first insulating layer 22, the solar cell sheet 24, the second insulating layer 26 and the transparent film 28, the back plate 20 and the first insulating layer 22.
  • An adhesive layer is disposed between the solar cell sheet 24, the second insulating layer 26, and the light transmissive film 28, and is bonded and fixed by an adhesive layer.
  • the light-duty photovoltaic module is sequentially laminated to form a back sheet 20, a first adhesive layer 21, a first insulating layer 22, a second adhesive layer 23, a solar cell sheet 24, a third adhesive layer 25, a second insulating layer 26, and a first The structure of the four adhesive layers 27 and the light transmissive film 28.
  • the bottom surface of the back plate 20 forms a backlight surface of the photovoltaic module
  • the surface of the light transmissive film 28 forms a light receiving surface of the photovoltaic module
  • at least one surface of the light transmissive film 28 is formed with a plurality of uneven structures 30 uniformly arranged.
  • the adhesive layer 21, 23, 25, 27 is made of POE or EVA.
  • the first adhesive layer 21 and the second adhesive layer 23 are made of a viscose film POE material
  • the third adhesive layer 25 and the fourth adhesive layer 27 are made of a viscose film EVA material, whereby the first adhesive layer
  • the transmittance of the second adhesive layer 23 and the second adhesive layer 23 is >93%, which is slightly larger than the light transmittance of the third adhesive layer 25 and the fourth adhesive layer 27, so that the photovoltaic module can achieve better without increasing the cost. Light transmission effect.
  • the back plate 20 is an anti-corrosion metal plate or an engineering plastic plate such as an aluminum alloy. When the metal plate is used, the back plate has better heat dissipation, and when an engineering plastic plate, such as an epoxy resin plate, is used, the back plate has better strength. Impact resistance, heat resistance and aging resistance.
  • a plurality of reinforcing ribs may be disposed on the bottom surface of the backboard 20, and the plurality of reinforcing ribs are disposed in a parallel or intersecting manner to increase the strength of the backing plate 20.
  • the solar cell sheet 24 is connected in series by a plurality of single crystal silicon cells and/or a plurality of polycrystalline silicon cells, and is arranged in an array on the adhesive layer 23 on the surface of the first insulating layer 22 to obtain a large current output. .
  • the first insulating layer 22 and the second insulating layer 26 are made of a highly insulating material.
  • the first insulating layer 22 is between the back electrode of the solar cell sheet 24 and the back plate 20, and is a white insulating layer.
  • the second insulating layer 26 is in the solar energy.
  • the transparent film 28 is a high-resistance water vapor fluoroplastic transparent film, and its water-blocking performance satisfies: under the condition of 90% RH and 40 ° C, the water vapor permeability is ⁇ 1g/m 2 ⁇ 24H, and the light transmittance is >94%, which is more than the conventional one.
  • the glass transparent layer for photovoltaic modules has high light transmittance and has a better function of blocking water vapor, thereby improving the power generation and service life of the photovoltaic module.
  • a plurality of uneven structures 30 uniformly arranged are formed on at least one surface of the light transmissive film 28.
  • the concave and convex structure 30 includes a concave structure and a convex structure formed on the surface, the concave structure and the convex structure are alternately arranged, and the structures are equally spaced
  • FIG. 3 is a measurement result of light transmittance of each material layer in the photovoltaic module of FIGS. 1 and 2 as a function of light wavelength.
  • Curve #1 in the figure is the light transmittance curve of the package glass 10 in the existing photovoltaic module; curve #2 is the light transmittance curve of the high-resistance water vapor fluoroplastic transparent film in the present invention; the curve #3 in the figure is The light transmittance curve of the adhesive film POE; the curve #4 in the figure is the light transmittance curve of the adhesive film EVA; the curve #5 in the figure is the light transmittance curve of the transparent fluoroplastic insulating layer.
  • the layers of materials in the present invention have better light transmittance, especially high-resistance water vapor fluoroplastic transparent film, POE adhesive film, and insulating transparent fluoroplastic insulating layer, compared with conventional photovoltaic modules.
  • the light transmittance is significantly improved, thereby increasing the power generation of the photovoltaic module.
  • the photovoltaic module further includes a sealed mounting frame 29 on the peripheral side of the photovoltaic module and forming a package for the back plate 20, the first insulating layer 22, the solar cell sheet 24, the second insulating layer 26, and the light transmissive film 28, by providing the Sealing the mounting frame 29 not only increases the strength of the photovoltaic module, but also makes the photovoltaic module modular, easy to install and disassemble, and convenient for transportation.
  • the photovoltaic module further comprises an elastic conductive sheet located between the back plate, the reinforcing ribs and the sealing mounting frame to connect the back plate, the reinforcing ribs and the sealing mounting frame, and the resistance between the sealing mounting frame and the back plate Less than 0.1 ohms.
  • the material selected for the photovoltaic module of the present invention has better UV resistance and weather resistance, and has long-term continuous power generation performance.
  • the lightweight photovoltaic module of the present invention comprises a backing plate 20, a first insulating layer 22, a solar cell sheet 24, a second insulating layer 26 and a light transmissive film 28, which are disposed in sequence, and further includes a backing plate 20 and a first insulating layer 22.
  • An adhesive layer is disposed between the adhesive layer, and the bottom surface of the back plate 20 forms a backlight surface of the photovoltaic module, and the surface of the transparent film 28 forms a light receiving surface of the photovoltaic module, and at least one of the transparent film 28
  • a plurality of uneven structures 30 uniformly arranged are formed on the surface.
  • the photovoltaic module has high solar concentrating rate, large solar light receiving area, high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and light weight of the photovoltaic module, which is not easy to be broken during transportation and installation operation, and the light transmittance of the transparent film is high. And has a better function of blocking water vapor, and the photovoltaic module has large power generation and long service life.

Abstract

一种轻型光伏组件，包括依次设置的背板（20）、第一绝缘层（22）、太阳能电池片（24）、第二绝缘层（26）及透光膜（28），还包括位于背板、第一绝缘层、太阳能电池片、第二绝缘层及透光膜周侧的密封安装边框（29），背板、第一绝缘层、太阳能电池片、第二绝缘层及透光膜之间设置有粘胶层（21，23，25，27），背板的底面形成光伏组件的背光面，透光膜的表面形成光伏组件的受光面，同时在透光膜的至少一表面上形成有均匀排列的若干凹凸结构（30），该光伏组件，太阳光聚光率高、太阳能电池片的受光面积大、光电转换效率高，且光伏组件重量较轻，在运输与安装操作中不易碎裂，同时，透光膜的透光率高，并具有较佳的阻隔水汽的作用。

Description

一种轻型光伏组件
本申请要求于2016年06月02日提交中国专利局、申请号为201610388937.X、发明名称为“一种轻型光伏组件”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及光伏能源技术领域，尤其涉及一种轻型光伏组件。
背景技术
太阳能电池又称为“太阳能芯片”或“光电池”，是一种利用太阳光直接发电的光电半导体薄片，其在被光照到时，可瞬间输出电压及在有回路的情况下产生电流。太阳能电池具有广泛的应用，其已从军事领域、航天领域等进入了工业、商业、农业、通信、家用电器以及公用设施等领域，尤其可以分散地在边远地区、高山、沙漠、海岛和农村等地使用，以节省造价很贵的输电线路。
太阳能电池在应用过程中，需制作成不同尺寸的太阳能电池组件。用多个太阳能电池片串联组成较高电压输出的太阳能电池组件，常称为光伏组件，制作成的光伏组件可铺设于建筑物顶部为建筑物内部供电，也可设置于房车、帐篷上等，在户外作为电源使用，此外，光伏组件还可用于太阳能发电站的建设。
但是，现有的光伏组件通常用玻璃封装，如图1所示，是现有技术中光伏组件的截面示意图，其光伏组件包括光入射面的封装玻璃10，粘胶层EVA 11、13，单晶硅或多晶硅太阳能电池片12，TPT背板14，组件密封安装边框15，该种光伏组件重量较重，且易碎裂，当应用在建筑物顶部或建设光伏电站等场合时，对光伏组件的支撑结构提出了较高的要求，增加了工程建设的成本。
因此，针对上述技术问题，有必要提供一种在运输与安装操作中不易碎裂、安装及运输方便、透光率高、发电量大的轻型光伏组件。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种轻型光伏组件。
为了实现上述目的，本发明实施例提供的技术方案如下：
一种轻型光伏组件，其特征在于，包括依次设置的背板、第一绝缘层、太阳能电池片、第二绝缘层及透光膜，还包括位于所述背板、第一绝缘层、太阳能电池片、第二绝缘层及透光膜周侧的密封安装边框，所述背板、第一绝缘层、太阳能电池片、第二绝缘层及透光膜之间设置有粘胶层；
所述背板的底面形成所述光伏组件的背光面，所述透光膜的表面形成所述光伏组件的受光面，所述透光膜的至少一表面上形成有均匀排列的若干凹凸结构。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述背板为防腐金属板或工程塑料板。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述太阳能电池片由多个单晶硅电池片和/或多个多晶硅电池片串联，太阳能电池片以阵列形式排布于所述第一绝缘层表面的胶粘层上。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述背板的底面设置有多条加强筋条，所述多条加强筋条以平行或交叉方式设置。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述第一绝缘层为白色绝缘层，所述第二绝缘层为透明氟塑料绝缘层。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述凹凸结构包括形成于所在表面的凹结构和凸结构，所述凹结构和凸结构交替设置，且各结构之间等间距排列。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述透光膜为高阻水汽氟塑透光膜。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述透光膜在90％RH、40℃的条件下，透水汽≤1g/m2×24H，透光率＞94％。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述背板与第一绝缘层之间设有第一粘胶层，第一绝缘层与太阳能电池片之间设有第二粘胶层，太阳能电池片与第二绝缘层之间设有第三粘胶层，第二绝缘层与透光膜之间设有第四粘胶层，所述第一粘胶层与第二粘胶层的材料选用POE，第三粘胶层与第四粘胶层的材料选用EVA，所述第一粘胶层与第二粘胶层的透光率＞93％。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述光伏组件还包括弹性导电片，通过所述弹性导电片将背板、加强筋条及密封安装边框联接，使所述密封安装边 框与背板间的电阻低于0.1欧姆。
本发明具有以下有益效果：
透光膜具有均匀排列的若干凹凸结构，提高了太阳光的聚光率，相对增大了太阳能电池片的受光面积，并提高了光电转换效率；
光伏组件重量较轻，在相同面积条件下，其重量只有传统玻璃封装光伏组件重量的二分之一，在运输与安装操作中不易碎裂，便于安装和运输，并降低了工程建设的成本；
光伏组件所用的透光膜为高阻水汽氟塑透光膜，比传统光伏组件用的玻璃透光层的透光率高，且具有较佳的阻隔水汽的作用，提高了光伏组件的发电量及使用寿命；
光伏组件所选用材料具有较佳的抗紫外、耐候性能，具有长期的持续性发电性能。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明中记载的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术中光伏组件的截面示意图；
图2为本发明一具体实施方式中光伏组件的截面示意图；
图3为图1与图2中各材料层光透过率随光波长变化曲线测量结果。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明中的技术方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本发明保护的范围。
请参见图2，是本发明一具体实施方式中光伏组件的截面示意图，本发明的轻型光伏组件，包括依次设置的背板20、第一绝缘层22、太阳能电池片24、第二绝缘层26及透光膜28，还包括位于背板20、第一绝缘层22、太阳能电池片24、第二绝缘层26及透光膜28周侧的密封安装边框29，背板20、第一绝缘层22、太阳能电池片24、第二绝缘层26及透光膜28之间设置有粘胶层，通过粘胶层进行粘结固定。
轻型光伏组件，依次层叠形成背板20、第一粘胶层21、第一绝缘层22、第二粘胶层23、太阳能电池片24、第三粘胶层25、第二绝缘层26、第四粘胶层27及透光膜28的结构。
背板20的底面形成光伏组件的背光面，透光膜28的表面形成光伏组件的受光面，透光膜28的至少一表面上形成有均匀排列的若干凹凸结构30。
粘胶层21、23、25、27，材料选用POE或EVA。优选的，第一粘胶层21、第二粘胶层23采用粘胶膜POE材料，第三粘胶层25、第四粘胶层27采用粘胶膜EVA材料，由此第一粘胶层21与第二粘胶层23的透光率＞93％，略大于第三粘胶层25与第四粘胶层27的透光率，使光伏组件在不增加成本的状况下达到更好的透光效果。
背板20为铝合金等防腐金属板或工程塑料板，当采用金属板时，背板具有较好的散热性，当采用工程塑料板，例如环氧树脂板时，其具有较佳的强度、耐冲击、耐热及耐老化性。背板20的底面可以设置多条加强筋条，多条加强筋条以平行或交叉的方式设置，以此增加背板20的强度。
太阳能电池片24由多个单晶硅电池片和/或多个多晶硅电池片串联，并以阵列的形式排布于第一绝缘层22表面的胶粘层23上，以获得较大的电流输出。
第一绝缘层22与第二绝缘层26选用高绝缘性的材料，第一绝缘层22在太阳能电池片24的背面电极与背板20之间，为白色绝缘层，第二绝缘层26在太阳能电池片24的正面电极与密封安装边框29之间，为绝缘的透明氟塑料绝缘层，该绝缘的透明氟塑料绝缘层透光率大于91％。
透光膜28为高阻水汽氟塑透光膜，其阻水性能满足：在90％RH、40℃的条件下，透水汽≤1g/m2×24H，透光率＞94％，比传统光伏组件用的玻 璃透光层的透光率高，且具有较佳的阻隔水汽的作用，提高了光伏组件的发电量及使用寿命。
在透光膜28的至少一表面上形成有均匀排列的若干凹凸结构30，凹凸结构30包括形成于所在表面的凹结构和凸结构，凹结构和凸结构交替设置，且各结构之间等间距排列，设置该若干凹凸结构30，可以提高太阳光的聚光率，相对增大太阳能电池片的受光面积，并提高光电转换效率。
请参见图3，是图1与图2光伏组件中各材料层的光透过率随光波长变化曲线测量结果。图中曲线#1是现有光伏组件中封装玻璃10的光透过率曲线；图中曲线#2是本发明中高阻水汽氟塑透光膜的光透过率曲线；图中曲线#3是粘胶膜POE的光透过率曲线；图中曲线#4是粘胶膜EVA的光透过率曲线；图中曲线#5是透明氟塑料绝缘层的光透过率曲线。可看出，本发明中的各层材料层具有较佳的光透过率，尤其是高阻水汽氟塑透光膜、POE粘胶膜、绝缘的透明氟塑料绝缘层，相较传统光伏组件中的封装玻璃10与粘胶层EVA，透光率明显提高，因而增大了光伏组件的发电量。
光伏组件还包括密封安装边框29，位于光伏组件的周侧，并形成对背板20、第一绝缘层22、太阳能电池片24、第二绝缘层26及透光膜28的封装，通过设置该密封安装边框29，既增加了光伏组件的强度，又使得光伏组件模块化，易于安装拆解，且方便运输。
此外，光伏组件还包括弹性导电片，位于背板、加强筋条及密封安装边框两两间，以将背板、加强筋条及密封安装边框联接，并使密封安装边框与背板间的电阻低于0.1欧姆。
本发明中的光伏组件所选用材料具有较佳的抗紫外、耐候性能，具有长期的持续性发电性能。
本发明中的轻型光伏组件，包括依次设置的背板20、第一绝缘层22、太阳能电池片24、第二绝缘层26及透光膜28，还包括位于背板20、第一绝缘层22、太阳能电池片24、第二绝缘层26及透光膜28周侧的密封安装边框29，背板20、第一绝缘层22、太阳能电池片24、第二绝缘层26及透光膜28之间设置有粘胶层，通过粘胶层进行粘结固定，背板20的底面形成光伏组件的背光面，透光膜28的表面形成光伏组件的受光面，同时在透光膜28的至少一表面上形成有均匀排列的若干凹凸结构30。本发明中的 光伏组件，太阳光聚光率高、太阳能电池片的受光面积大、光电转换效率高，且光伏组件重量较轻，在运输与安装操作中不易碎裂，同时，透光膜的透光率高，并具有较佳的阻隔水汽的作用，光伏组件的发电量大、使用寿命长。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此，无论从哪一点来看，均应将实施例看作是示范性的，而且是非限制性的，本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定，因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。不应将权利要求中的任何附图标记视为限制所涉及的权利要求。
此外，应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种轻型光伏组件，其特征在于，包括依次设置的背板、第一绝缘层、太阳能电池片、第二绝缘层及透光膜，还包括位于所述背板、第一绝缘层、太阳能电池片、第二绝缘层及透光膜周侧的密封安装边框，所述背板、第一绝缘层、太阳能电池片、第二绝缘层及透光膜之间设置有粘胶层；
    所述背板的底面形成所述光伏组件的背光面，所述透光膜的表面形成所述光伏组件的受光面，所述透光膜的至少一表面上形成有均匀排列的若干凹凸结构。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的轻型光伏组件，其特征在于，所述背板为防腐金属板或工程塑料板。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的轻型光伏组件，其特征在于，所述背板的底面设置有多条加强筋条，所述多条加强筋条以平行或交叉方式设置。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的轻型光伏组件，其特征在于，所述太阳能电池片由多个单晶硅电池片和/或多个多晶硅电池片串联，太阳能电池片以阵列形式排布于所述第一绝缘层表面的胶粘层上。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的轻型光伏组件，其特征在于，所述第一绝缘层为白色绝缘层，所述第二绝缘层为透明氟塑料绝缘层。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的轻型光伏组件，其特征在于，所述凹凸结构包括形成于所在表面的凹结构和凸结构，所述凹结构和凸结构交替设置，且各结构之间等间距排列。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的轻型光伏组件，其特征在于，所述透光膜为高阻水汽氟塑透光膜。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的轻型光伏组件，其特征在于，所述透光膜在90％RH、40℃的条件下，透水汽≤1g/m2×24H，透光率＞94％。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的轻型光伏组件，其特征在于，所述背板与第一绝缘层之间设有第一粘胶层，第一绝缘层与太阳能电池片之间设有第二粘胶层，太阳能电池片与第二绝缘层之间设有第三粘胶层，第二绝缘层与透光膜之间设有第四粘胶层，所述第一粘胶层与第二粘胶层的材料选用POE，第三粘胶层与第四粘胶层的材料选用EVA，所述第一粘胶层与第二 粘胶层的透光率＞93％。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的轻型光伏组件，其特征在于，所述光伏组件还包括弹性导电片，通过所述弹性导电片将背板、加强筋条及密封安装边框联接，使所述密封安装边框与背板间的电阻低于0.1欧姆。
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