WO2017193671A1 - Method for treating nitric oxide in exhaust gas - Google Patents

Method for treating nitric oxide in exhaust gas Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017193671A1
WO2017193671A1 PCT/CN2017/074902 CN2017074902W WO2017193671A1 WO 2017193671 A1 WO2017193671 A1 WO 2017193671A1 CN 2017074902 W CN2017074902 W CN 2017074902W WO 2017193671 A1 WO2017193671 A1 WO 2017193671A1
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exhaust gas
nitric oxide
exhaust
pressure value
treating
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PCT/CN2017/074902
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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崔翠翠
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崔翠翠
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
    • F01N2560/026—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting NOx
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
    • F01N2570/145—Dinitrogen oxide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/10—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of nitrous oxide (N2O)
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, and in particular to a method for treating nitrogen monoxide in exhaust gas.
  • the emission of automobile exhaust is a matter of great concern to the society.
  • the exhaust gas emitted by automobiles contains various harmful gases including carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen monoxide (NO). These gases cause environmental pollution on the one hand, and on the other hand It can cause personal injury.
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • NO nitrogen monoxide
  • nitric oxide in automobile exhaust is a colorless, odorless, water-soluble toxic gas. Because nitric oxide carries free radicals, it makes its chemical properties very active, once it is discharged into the air as automobile exhaust. After reacting with oxygen, a corrosive gas, nitrogen dioxide, is formed. Inhalation of nitrogen dioxide in the early stage will have mild eye and upper respiratory tract irritation, such as pharyngeal discomfort, dry cough, etc., and after a few hours of incubation, chest tightness, respiratory distress, cough, sputum, cyanosis, etc. It may even make people faint.
  • the present invention aims to provide a method and system for treating nitrogen monoxide in exhaust gas, which can effectively treat nitric oxide in automobile exhaust gas in time, and reduce environmental pollution and personal exhaust of exhaust gas. hurt.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a method for treating nitric oxide in exhaust gas comprising the steps of:
  • the vehicle exhaust gas is monitored in real time by means of infrared detection, and a corresponding electrical signal is generated according to the wavelength range of the absorbed infrared light and the degree of absorption;
  • the process of discharging exhaust gas into a photocatalytic reactor for nitric oxide treatment comprises:
  • V NO is the reference speed
  • r is the rotational speed of the automobile engine
  • C is the concentration of nitrogen monoxide
  • T is the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor
  • P is the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine obtained in step S101.
  • the exhaust pressure value, a is a constant conversion coefficient, and a ranges from 0.25 to 0.4.
  • the method and system for treating nitrogen monoxide in exhaust gas of the present invention monitors the type of harmful gas contained in the exhaust gas of the automobile by monitoring the exhaust pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine. Detection, and identification of various harmful gases, according to the identification to determine whether the harmful gases contain nitric oxide, if it is, the nitrogen monoxide is discharged into the photocatalytic reactor for treatment, achieving targeted treatment of harmful gases Nitric oxide can effectively improve the efficiency of tail gas treatment, avoiding pollution caused by automobile exhaust and causing personal injury.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for treating nitrogen monoxide in exhaust gas according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a system for treating nitric oxide in exhaust gas in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a method for treating nitric oxide in exhaust gas includes the following steps:
  • step S101 the exhaust pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine is obtained. Since the car produces different power on different roads or when the speed of the car is different, the exhaust pressure at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine is also different. When the exhaust pressure value is different, the content of harmful gases contained in the exhaust gas at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the engine is also different.
  • Step S102 when the exhaust pressure value reaches a predetermined value, the vehicle exhaust gas is monitored in real time by means of infrared detection, and a corresponding electrical signal is generated according to the wavelength range of the absorbed infrared light and the degree of absorption.
  • the automobile exhaust gas at the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier is detected, which can effectively reduce the number of times and time of using the equipment used in the process, and prolong the use of the device. life.
  • Step S103 sequentially filtering and amplifying the electrical signal, acquiring the type of the harmful gas in the amplified electrical signal, and identifying each harmful gas according to the type of the harmful gas, and the identification is convenient for different harmful Gas is distinguished.
  • automobile exhaust gas usually contains various harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides.
  • Each of these gases has a specific characteristic absorption band and characteristic frequency that is strongly absorbed when the infrared spectrum falls near the characteristic frequency band. Therefore, the infrared spectrum of the corresponding characteristic frequency can be used to detect the components of the harmful gas in the exhaust gas, and the amount of the absorbed external spectrum can detect the content of the corresponding gas.
  • the filter circuit and the amplification may be respectively adopted.
  • the circuit filters and amplifies the electrical signal. After filtering and amplifying the electrical signal, the accuracy of the electrical signal detection can be effectively improved.
  • Step S104 determining whether the harmful gas in the exhaust gas contains nitric oxide according to the identifier. If the exhaust gas contains nitric oxide, step S105 can be performed.
  • Step S105 if the result of the determination in step S104 is YES, that is, if it is determined according to the identifier that the harmful gas in each exhaust gas contains nitric oxide, a catalytic reaction command is generated, and the exhaust gas is discharged to the photocatalytic reaction through the catalytic reaction command. Nitric oxide treatment is carried out in the apparatus.
  • the exhaust gas can be absorbed by the exhaust gas having a photocatalytic reaction layer of titanium dioxide and ultraviolet rays by ultraviolet light. Since this embodiment is for secondary treatment of automobile exhaust gas, usually in automobile exhaust gas. The content of harmful substances is usually low, so that nitrogen monoxide can be completely absorbed by the photocatalytic reaction.
  • step S104 if it is determined in step S104 that the harmful gas exceeding the limit emission in each exhaust gas further contains carbon monoxide, an absorption command may be generated, and after the nitric oxide is processed, the exhaust gas is exhausted by the absorption command.
  • the carbon monoxide treatment is carried out in a vessel having a carbon monoxide absorbent.
  • the carbon monoxide absorbent may be a composition composed of a porous inorganic carrier and a binary complex of a nitride and copper chloride carried thereon, and nitrogen in the composition
  • the compound may comprise from 0.4 to 0.8 molar ratio.
  • the inorganic carrier may be: porous ceramic, activated carbon or titanium oxide.
  • the nitride can be: pyridine and Composition and the like. The carbon monoxide absorbent can effectively absorb carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas.
  • the electrical signal can be filtered by using a Fourier transform to remove low frequency electrical signals, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of electrical signal detection.
  • the process of discharging the exhaust gas into the photocatalytic reactor for performing the nitric oxide treatment may specifically include:
  • the infrared detecting method is used to calculate the concentration of the nitric oxide
  • the current temperature can be obtained by placing a temperature sensor in the photocatalytic reactor;
  • a reference speed is calculated based on the rotational speed, the current temperature, the concentration, and the exhaust pressure value, and the speed at which the exhaust gas is discharged into the photocatalytic reactor is adjusted according to the reference speed.
  • V NO is the reference speed
  • r is the rotational speed of the automobile engine
  • C is the concentration of nitrogen monoxide
  • T is the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor
  • P is the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine obtained in step S101.
  • the value of the exhaust pressure, a is a constant conversion factor, between 0.25-0.4.
  • the present invention also provides a system for treating nitric oxide in exhaust gas, comprising:
  • the exhaust pressure value obtaining module 101 is configured to obtain an exhaust pressure value at an outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine
  • the detecting module 102 is configured to perform real-time monitoring of the vehicle exhaust gas by means of infrared detection when the exhaust gas pressure value reaches a predetermined value, and generate a corresponding electrical signal according to the wavelength range of the absorbed infrared light and the degree of absorption. ;
  • the identification module 103 is configured to sequentially filter and amplify the electrical signal, acquire the type of the harmful gas in the amplified electrical signal, and identify each harmful gas according to the type of the harmful gas;
  • the determining module 104 is configured to determine, according to the identifier, whether the harmful gas in the exhaust gas contains nitric oxide;
  • the nitric oxide treatment module 105 is configured to generate a catalytic reaction command when the determination result of the determination module 104 is YES, and discharge the exhaust gas into the photocatalytic reactor through the catalytic reaction instruction to perform nitric oxide treatment.
  • a system for treating nitric oxide in exhaust gas of the present invention may further comprise:
  • a carbon monoxide treatment module configured to generate an absorption command if the harmful gas exceeding the limit emission in each exhaust gas further contains carbon monoxide according to the mark, and discharge the exhaust gas to have carbon monoxide through the absorption command after the nitric oxide is processed
  • the carbon monoxide treatment is carried out in a container of the absorbent.
  • the nitric oxide treatment module may include:
  • a concentration calculation module configured to obtain infrared light intensity obtained by passing infrared rays through the exhaust gas, and calculate a concentration of nitrogen monoxide in the exhaust gas according to the infrared light intensity
  • a parameter acquisition module for acquiring the rotational speed of the automobile engine and the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor in real time
  • a speed control module configured to calculate a reference speed based on the rotational speed, current temperature, concentration, and the exhaust pressure value, and adjust a velocity of exhaust gas emission into the photocatalytic reactor according to the reference speed.
  • the method and system for treating nitrogen monoxide in the exhaust gas of the present invention detects the type of harmful gas contained in the exhaust gas of the automobile by monitoring the exhaust pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine, and Various harmful gases are identified, and whether the harmful gas contains nitric oxide is determined according to the label, and if so, the nitrogen monoxide is discharged into the photocatalytic reactor for treatment, and the targeted treatment of nitric oxide in the harmful gas is realized. It can effectively improve the efficiency of exhaust gas treatment, avoiding pollution caused by automobile exhaust and causing harm to the human body.

Abstract

A method for treating nitric oxide in exhaust gas, said method comprising the following steps: obtaining an exhaust pressure value at an automobile engine exhaust pipe outlet (S101); when the exhaust pressure value reaches a preset value, monitoring automobile exhaust gas in real time via infrared detection means, and generating a corresponding electric signal according to an absorbed infrared wavelength range and an absorption degree (S102); sequentially performing filtering and amplification processing on the electric signal, obtaining the types of harmful gases in the electric signal after the amplification processing, and identifying the various harmful gases according to the types of the harmful gases (S103); according to the identification, determining whether the harmful gases in the exhaust gas include nitric oxide (S104); if yes, generating a catalytic reaction command, and via the catalytic reaction command, discharging the exhaust gas to a photocatalytic reactor for nitric oxide treatment (S105). The method for treating nitric oxide in exhaust gas effectively treats nitric oxide in automobile exhaust gas in a timely manner, and reduces environmental pollution and bodily harm.

Description

处理尾气中一氧化氮的方法Method for treating nitric oxide in exhaust gas 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及汽车技术领域，具体涉及一种处理尾气中一氧化氮的方法。The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, and in particular to a method for treating nitrogen monoxide in exhaust gas.
背景技术Background technique
汽车尾气的排放是社会高度关注的问题，汽车排放的尾气中包含有一氧化碳(CO)、一氧化氮(NO)在内的各种有害气体，这些气体一方面造成了环境污染，另一方面也会对人身造成伤害。The emission of automobile exhaust is a matter of great concern to the society. The exhaust gas emitted by automobiles contains various harmful gases including carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen monoxide (NO). These gases cause environmental pollution on the one hand, and on the other hand It can cause personal injury.
例如，汽车尾气中的一氧化氮是一种无色无味、难溶于水的有毒气体，由于一氧化氮带有自由基，这使它的化学性质非常活泼，一旦作为汽车尾气排放到空气中与氧气反应后，便会形成具有腐蚀性的气体——二氧化氮。吸入二氧化氮气体初期便会有轻微的眼及上呼吸道刺激症状，如咽部不适、干咳等，且经过数小时潜伏期后则会发生胸闷、呼吸窘迫、咳嗽、咯泡沫痰、紫绀等，重者甚至可能会使人昏厥。For example, nitric oxide in automobile exhaust is a colorless, odorless, water-soluble toxic gas. Because nitric oxide carries free radicals, it makes its chemical properties very active, once it is discharged into the air as automobile exhaust. After reacting with oxygen, a corrosive gas, nitrogen dioxide, is formed. Inhalation of nitrogen dioxide in the early stage will have mild eye and upper respiratory tract irritation, such as pharyngeal discomfort, dry cough, etc., and after a few hours of incubation, chest tightness, respiratory distress, cough, sputum, cyanosis, etc. It may even make people faint.
因此，如何对汽车尾气进行进一步处理以降低尾气中的有害气体对环境的污染程度和人身伤害，成为一个亟待解决的问题。Therefore, how to further treat the automobile exhaust gas to reduce the environmental pollution and personal injury of harmful gases in the exhaust gas has become an urgent problem to be solved.
发明内容Summary of the invention
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种处理尾气中一氧化氮的方法及系统，能够有效地对汽车尾气中的一氧化氮进行及时处理，减少尾气对环境的污染和人身的伤害。In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method and system for treating nitrogen monoxide in exhaust gas, which can effectively treat nitric oxide in automobile exhaust gas in time, and reduce environmental pollution and personal exhaust of exhaust gas. hurt.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案： To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种处理尾气中一氧化氮的方法，包括如下步骤：A method for treating nitric oxide in exhaust gas, comprising the steps of:
获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值；Obtaining the exhaust pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine;
当所述排气压力值达到预定值时，通过红外线检测的方式对汽车尾气进行实时监控，并根据被吸收的红外线的波长范围及被吸收的程度，生成相应的电信号；When the exhaust pressure value reaches a predetermined value, the vehicle exhaust gas is monitored in real time by means of infrared detection, and a corresponding electrical signal is generated according to the wavelength range of the absorbed infrared light and the degree of absorption;
对所述电信号依次进行滤波及放大处理，获取所述放大处理后的电信号中有害气体的种类，并根据有害气体的种类对各有害气体进行标识；And sequentially filtering and amplifying the electrical signal, acquiring the type of the harmful gas in the amplified electrical signal, and marking each harmful gas according to the type of the harmful gas;
根据所述标识判断尾气中的有害气体是否含有一氧化氮；Determining, according to the identifier, whether the harmful gas in the exhaust gas contains nitric oxide;
若是，则生成催化反应指令，通过该催化反应指令将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行一氧化氮处理；If yes, generating a catalytic reaction command, and discharging the exhaust gas to the photocatalytic reactor through the catalytic reaction instruction for nitric oxide treatment;
所述将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行一氧化氮处理的过程包括：The process of discharging exhaust gas into a photocatalytic reactor for nitric oxide treatment comprises:
获取红外线穿过尾气后所得到的红外光强度，并根据所述红外光强度计算尾气中一氧化氮的浓度；Obtaining an infrared light intensity obtained by passing infrared rays through the exhaust gas, and calculating a concentration of nitrogen monoxide in the exhaust gas according to the infrared light intensity;
实时获取汽车发动机的转速以及所述光催化反应器中的当前温度；Acquiring the rotational speed of the automobile engine and the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor in real time;
根据所述转速、当前温度、浓度以及所述排气压力值计算出参考速度，并根据所述参考速度来调节尾气排放至光催化反应器中的速度；Calculating a reference speed according to the rotational speed, current temperature, concentration, and the exhaust pressure value, and adjusting a velocity of exhaust gas emission into the photocatalytic reactor according to the reference speed;
采用如下公式来计算参考速度：Use the following formula to calculate the reference speed:
Figure PCTCN2017074902-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2017074902-appb-000001
上式中，VNO为参考速度；r为汽车发动机的转速，C为一氧化氮的浓度，T为光催化反应器中的当前温度，P为步骤S101中获取的汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值，a为常数转换系数，a取值范围为0.25-0.4。In the above formula, V NO is the reference speed; r is the rotational speed of the automobile engine, C is the concentration of nitrogen monoxide, T is the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor, and P is the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine obtained in step S101. The exhaust pressure value, a is a constant conversion coefficient, and a ranges from 0.25 to 0.4.
与现有技术相比，本发明的一种处理尾气中一氧化氮的方法及系统，通过监控汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值，对汽车尾气中所含有的有害气体的种类进行检测，并对各种有害气体进行标识，根据标识判断有害气体中是否含有一氧化氮，若是则将一氧化氮排放至光催化反应器中进行处理，实现了有针对性的处理有害气体中的一氧化氮，可有效的提高尾气处理的效率，避免汽车尾气对环境造成污染和对人身造成伤害。Compared with the prior art, the method and system for treating nitrogen monoxide in exhaust gas of the present invention monitors the type of harmful gas contained in the exhaust gas of the automobile by monitoring the exhaust pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine. Detection, and identification of various harmful gases, according to the identification to determine whether the harmful gases contain nitric oxide, if it is, the nitrogen monoxide is discharged into the photocatalytic reactor for treatment, achieving targeted treatment of harmful gases Nitric oxide can effectively improve the efficiency of tail gas treatment, avoiding pollution caused by automobile exhaust and causing personal injury.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1为本发明的实施例中一种处理尾气中一氧化氮的方法的流程示意图；1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for treating nitrogen monoxide in exhaust gas according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明的实施例中一种处理尾气中一氧化氮的系统的示意图。2 is a schematic diagram of a system for treating nitric oxide in exhaust gas in an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面，结合附图以及具体实施方式，对本发明做进一步描述：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
汽车尾气经过净化器之后，其内包含的有害气体通常会处于标准状态，但是在发动机出现故障或者净化器出故障的情况下，可能会出 现超标的尾气，本发明主要是针对尾气的二次处理。如图1所示，本实施例所述的一种处理尾气中一氧化氮的方法，包括如下步骤：After the vehicle exhaust passes through the purifier, the harmful gases contained in it are usually in a standard state, but in the event of a malfunction of the engine or a malfunction of the purifier, it may occur. The present invention is mainly directed to the secondary treatment of exhaust gas. As shown in FIG. 1 , a method for treating nitric oxide in exhaust gas according to the embodiment includes the following steps:
步骤S101，获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值。由于汽车在不同道路上行驶或者汽车时速不同时汽车发动机所产生功率不同，从而使得汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值也不同。该排气压力值不同时通常发动机排气管出口处的尾气中所包含有害气体的含量也不相同。In step S101, the exhaust pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine is obtained. Since the car produces different power on different roads or when the speed of the car is different, the exhaust pressure at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine is also different. When the exhaust pressure value is different, the content of harmful gases contained in the exhaust gas at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the engine is also different.
步骤S102，当所述排气压力值达到预定值时，通过红外线检测的方式对汽车尾气进行实时监控，并根据被吸收的红外线的波长范围及被吸收的程度，生成相应的电信号。Step S102, when the exhaust pressure value reaches a predetermined value, the vehicle exhaust gas is monitored in real time by means of infrared detection, and a corresponding electrical signal is generated according to the wavelength range of the absorbed infrared light and the degree of absorption.
本发明实施例中，只有当排气压力值达到预定值才对汽车尾气净化器出口的汽车尾气进行检测，可以有效的降低完成该过程所述使用设备的使用次数和时间，延长该设备的使用寿命。In the embodiment of the present invention, only when the exhaust gas pressure value reaches a predetermined value, the automobile exhaust gas at the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier is detected, which can effectively reduce the number of times and time of using the equipment used in the process, and prolong the use of the device. life.
步骤S103，对所述电信号依次进行滤波及放大处理，获取所述放大处理后的电信号中有害气体的种类，并根据有害气体的种类对各有害气体进行标识，通过标识便于对不同的有害气体进行区分。Step S103, sequentially filtering and amplifying the electrical signal, acquiring the type of the harmful gas in the amplified electrical signal, and identifying each harmful gas according to the type of the harmful gas, and the identification is convenient for different harmful Gas is distinguished.
由于汽车尾气中通常包含有一氧化氮、碳氢化合物、硫氧化合物、氮氧化合物等各种有害气体。而这些气体中每种气体具有特定的特征吸收谱带与特征频率，当红外光谱落在特征频率带附近的时候会被强烈的吸收。所以可通过相应特征频率的红外光谱来检测尾气中有害气体的成分，及被吸收的外光谱的量可以检测出相应气体的含量。Since automobile exhaust gas usually contains various harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides. Each of these gases has a specific characteristic absorption band and characteristic frequency that is strongly absorbed when the infrared spectrum falls near the characteristic frequency band. Therefore, the infrared spectrum of the corresponding characteristic frequency can be used to detect the components of the harmful gas in the exhaust gas, and the amount of the absorbed external spectrum can detect the content of the corresponding gas.
作为优选的实施例，本发明实施例中可分别通过滤波电路及放大 电路对电信号进行滤波及放大处理。通过对电信号进行滤波及放大处理后，可以有效的提高电信号检测的准确度。As a preferred embodiment, in the embodiment of the present invention, the filter circuit and the amplification may be respectively adopted. The circuit filters and amplifies the electrical signal. After filtering and amplifying the electrical signal, the accuracy of the electrical signal detection can be effectively improved.
步骤S104，根据所述标识判断尾气中的有害气体是否含有一氧化氮。如果尾气中含有一氧化氮，则可以执行步骤S105。Step S104, determining whether the harmful gas in the exhaust gas contains nitric oxide according to the identifier. If the exhaust gas contains nitric oxide, step S105 can be performed.
步骤S105，若步骤S104的判断结果为是，即若根据所述标识判断得出各尾气中的有害气体含有一氧化氮，则生成催化反应指令，通过该催化反应指令将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行一氧化氮处理。Step S105, if the result of the determination in step S104 is YES, that is, if it is determined according to the identifier that the harmful gas in each exhaust gas contains nitric oxide, a catalytic reaction command is generated, and the exhaust gas is discharged to the photocatalytic reaction through the catalytic reaction command. Nitric oxide treatment is carried out in the apparatus.
具体的，本实施例中可以将尾气通过具有二氧化钛光催化反应层并利用紫外灯发射紫外线的方式来对一氧化氮进行吸收，由于本实施例是针对汽车尾气的二次处理，通常汽车尾气中的有害物质的含量通常较低，所以通过光催化反应之后可以彻底将一氧化氮吸收。Specifically, in this embodiment, the exhaust gas can be absorbed by the exhaust gas having a photocatalytic reaction layer of titanium dioxide and ultraviolet rays by ultraviolet light. Since this embodiment is for secondary treatment of automobile exhaust gas, usually in automobile exhaust gas. The content of harmful substances is usually low, so that nitrogen monoxide can be completely absorbed by the photocatalytic reaction.
在一个实施例中，若步骤S104中，根据所述标识判断各尾气中超限排放的有害气体还含有一氧化碳，则可以生成吸收指令，并在处理完一氧化氮后，通过该吸收指令将尾气排放至具有一氧化碳吸收剂的容器中进行一氧化碳处理。In an embodiment, if it is determined in step S104 that the harmful gas exceeding the limit emission in each exhaust gas further contains carbon monoxide, an absorption command may be generated, and after the nitric oxide is processed, the exhaust gas is exhausted by the absorption command. The carbon monoxide treatment is carried out in a vessel having a carbon monoxide absorbent.
作为一个较好的实施例，该一氧化碳吸收剂可为一种由多孔无机载体和其上所载有的氮化物和氯化铜的二元配合物构成的组合物，且所述组合物中氮化物可以占0.4-0.8摩尔比。此外，所述无机载体可以为：多孔陶瓷、活性炭或者氧化钛等。该氮化物可为:吡啶及的组合物等。该一氧化碳吸收剂可以有效吸收尾气中的一氧化碳。 As a preferred embodiment, the carbon monoxide absorbent may be a composition composed of a porous inorganic carrier and a binary complex of a nitride and copper chloride carried thereon, and nitrogen in the composition The compound may comprise from 0.4 to 0.8 molar ratio. Further, the inorganic carrier may be: porous ceramic, activated carbon or titanium oxide. The nitride can be: pyridine and Composition and the like. The carbon monoxide absorbent can effectively absorb carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas.
作为一个较好的实施例，本发明实施例中可以采用傅里叶变换的方式来对所述电信号进行滤波处理，去除低频电信号，从而可以有效的提高电信号检测的准确度。As a preferred embodiment, in the embodiment of the present invention, the electrical signal can be filtered by using a Fourier transform to remove low frequency electrical signals, thereby effectively improving the accuracy of electrical signal detection.
另外，作为一个较好的实施例，所述将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行一氧化氮处理的过程具体可以包括：In addition, as a preferred embodiment, the process of discharging the exhaust gas into the photocatalytic reactor for performing the nitric oxide treatment may specifically include:
获取红外线穿过尾气后所得到的红外光强度，并根据所述红外光强度计算尾气中一氧化氮的浓度；本发明实施例中采用了红外线检测的方式来计算一氧化氮的浓度；Obtaining the intensity of the infrared light obtained by passing the infrared rays through the exhaust gas, and calculating the concentration of the nitric oxide in the exhaust gas according to the infrared light intensity; in the embodiment of the invention, the infrared detecting method is used to calculate the concentration of the nitric oxide;
实时获取汽车发动机的转速以及所述光催化反应器中的当前温度；可以通过在光催化反应器中放置一个温度传感器来获取到所述当前温度；Acquiring the rotational speed of the automobile engine and the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor in real time; the current temperature can be obtained by placing a temperature sensor in the photocatalytic reactor;
根据所述转速、当前温度、浓度以及所述排气压力值计算出参考速度，并根据所述参考速度来调节尾气排放至光催化反应器中的速度。A reference speed is calculated based on the rotational speed, the current temperature, the concentration, and the exhaust pressure value, and the speed at which the exhaust gas is discharged into the photocatalytic reactor is adjusted according to the reference speed.
本实施例中，可以采用如下公式来计算参考速度：In this embodiment, the following formula can be used to calculate the reference speed:
Figure PCTCN2017074902-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2017074902-appb-000003
上式中，VNO为参考速度；r为汽车发动机的转速，C为一氧化氮的浓度，T为光催化反应器中的当前温度，P为步骤S101中获取的汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值，a为常数转换系数，介于0.25-0.4之间。通过控制尾气排放到光催化反应器中的的速度，使得一氧化氮能够在光催化反应器中被更完全的吸收，从而可以有效提高一氧化氮处理的效率。特别的，经过大量的实验数据证明，当a的值 取为0.3时，一氧化氮处理的效率最佳。In the above formula, V NO is the reference speed; r is the rotational speed of the automobile engine, C is the concentration of nitrogen monoxide, T is the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor, and P is the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine obtained in step S101. The value of the exhaust pressure, a is a constant conversion factor, between 0.25-0.4. By controlling the rate at which the exhaust gas is discharged into the photocatalytic reactor, the nitric oxide can be more completely absorbed in the photocatalytic reactor, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of the nitric oxide treatment. In particular, a large amount of experimental data proves that when the value of a is taken as 0.3, the efficiency of nitric oxide treatment is optimal.
参照图2，与上述处理尾气中一氧化氮的方法相对应，本发明还提供一种处理尾气中一氧化氮的系统，包括：Referring to FIG. 2, in accordance with the above method for treating nitric oxide in exhaust gas, the present invention also provides a system for treating nitric oxide in exhaust gas, comprising:
排气压力值获取模块101，用于获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值；The exhaust pressure value obtaining module 101 is configured to obtain an exhaust pressure value at an outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine;
检测模块102，用于当所述排气压力值达到预定值时，通过红外线检测的方式对汽车尾气进行实时监控，并根据被吸收的红外线的波长范围及被吸收的程度，生成相应的电信号；The detecting module 102 is configured to perform real-time monitoring of the vehicle exhaust gas by means of infrared detection when the exhaust gas pressure value reaches a predetermined value, and generate a corresponding electrical signal according to the wavelength range of the absorbed infrared light and the degree of absorption. ;
标识模块103，用于对所述电信号依次进行滤波及放大处理，获取所述放大处理后的电信号中有害气体的种类，并根据有害气体的种类对各有害气体进行标识；The identification module 103 is configured to sequentially filter and amplify the electrical signal, acquire the type of the harmful gas in the amplified electrical signal, and identify each harmful gas according to the type of the harmful gas;
判断模块104，用于根据所述标识判断尾气中的有害气体是否含有一氧化氮；The determining module 104 is configured to determine, according to the identifier, whether the harmful gas in the exhaust gas contains nitric oxide;
一氧化氮处理模块105，用于在所述判断模块104的判断结果为是时，生成催化反应指令，通过该催化反应指令将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行一氧化氮处理。The nitric oxide treatment module 105 is configured to generate a catalytic reaction command when the determination result of the determination module 104 is YES, and discharge the exhaust gas into the photocatalytic reactor through the catalytic reaction instruction to perform nitric oxide treatment.
作为一个较好的实施例，本发明的一种处理尾气中一氧化氮的系统还可以包括：As a preferred embodiment, a system for treating nitric oxide in exhaust gas of the present invention may further comprise:
一氧化碳处理模块，用于若根据所述标识判断各尾气中超限排放的有害气体还含有一氧化碳时，则生成吸收指令，并在处理完一氧化氮后，通过该吸收指令将尾气排放至具有一氧化碳吸收剂的容器中进行一氧化碳处理。 a carbon monoxide treatment module, configured to generate an absorption command if the harmful gas exceeding the limit emission in each exhaust gas further contains carbon monoxide according to the mark, and discharge the exhaust gas to have carbon monoxide through the absorption command after the nitric oxide is processed The carbon monoxide treatment is carried out in a container of the absorbent.
优选的，所述一氧化氮处理模块可以包括：Preferably, the nitric oxide treatment module may include:
浓度计算模块，用于获取红外线穿过尾气后所得到的红外光强度，并根据所述红外光强度计算尾气中一氧化氮的浓度；a concentration calculation module, configured to obtain infrared light intensity obtained by passing infrared rays through the exhaust gas, and calculate a concentration of nitrogen monoxide in the exhaust gas according to the infrared light intensity;
参数获取模块，用于实时获取汽车发动机的转速以及所述光催化反应器中的当前温度；a parameter acquisition module for acquiring the rotational speed of the automobile engine and the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor in real time;
速度控制模块，用于根据所述转速、当前温度、浓度以及所述排气压力值计算出参考速度，并根据所述参考速度来调节尾气排放至光催化反应器中的速度。a speed control module configured to calculate a reference speed based on the rotational speed, current temperature, concentration, and the exhaust pressure value, and adjust a velocity of exhaust gas emission into the photocatalytic reactor according to the reference speed.
上述一种处理尾气中一氧化氮的系统的其它技术特征与本发明一种处理尾气中一氧化氮的方法相同，此处不予赘述。The other technical features of the above-described system for treating nitric oxide in the exhaust gas are the same as the method for treating nitric oxide in the exhaust gas of the present invention, and are not described herein.
综上所述，本发明的处理尾气中一氧化氮的方法及系统，通过监控汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值，对汽车尾气中所含有的有害气体的种类进行检测，并对各种有害气体进行标识，根据标识判断有害气体中是否含有一氧化氮，若是则将一氧化氮排放至光催化反应器中进行处理，实现了有针对性的处理有害气体中的一氧化氮，可有效的提高尾气处理的效率，避免汽车尾气对环境造成污染和对人身造成伤害。In summary, the method and system for treating nitrogen monoxide in the exhaust gas of the present invention detects the type of harmful gas contained in the exhaust gas of the automobile by monitoring the exhaust pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine, and Various harmful gases are identified, and whether the harmful gas contains nitric oxide is determined according to the label, and if so, the nitrogen monoxide is discharged into the photocatalytic reactor for treatment, and the targeted treatment of nitric oxide in the harmful gas is realized. It can effectively improve the efficiency of exhaust gas treatment, avoiding pollution caused by automobile exhaust and causing harm to the human body.
对本领域的技术人员来说，可根据以上描述的技术方案以及构思，做出其它各种相应的改变以及形变，而所有的这些改变以及形变都应该属于本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。 Various other changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above-described technical solutions and concepts, and all such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (4)

  1. 一种处理尾气中一氧化氮的方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：A method for treating nitric oxide in exhaust gas, comprising the steps of:
    获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值；Obtaining the exhaust pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine;
    当所述排气压力值达到预定值时，通过红外线检测的方式对汽车尾气进行实时监控，并根据被吸收的红外线的波长范围及被吸收的程度，生成相应的电信号；When the exhaust pressure value reaches a predetermined value, the vehicle exhaust gas is monitored in real time by means of infrared detection, and a corresponding electrical signal is generated according to the wavelength range of the absorbed infrared light and the degree of absorption;
    对所述电信号依次进行滤波及放大处理，获取所述放大处理后的电信号中有害气体的种类，并根据有害气体的种类对各有害气体进行标识；And sequentially filtering and amplifying the electrical signal, acquiring the type of the harmful gas in the amplified electrical signal, and marking each harmful gas according to the type of the harmful gas;
    根据所述标识判断尾气中的有害气体是否含有一氧化氮；Determining, according to the identifier, whether the harmful gas in the exhaust gas contains nitric oxide;
    若是，则生成催化反应指令，通过该催化反应指令将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行一氧化氮处理；If yes, generating a catalytic reaction command, and discharging the exhaust gas to the photocatalytic reactor through the catalytic reaction instruction for nitric oxide treatment;
    所述将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行一氧化氮处理的过程包括：The process of discharging exhaust gas into a photocatalytic reactor for nitric oxide treatment comprises:
    获取红外线穿过尾气后所得到的红外光强度，并根据所述红外光强度计算尾气中一氧化氮的浓度；Obtaining an infrared light intensity obtained by passing infrared rays through the exhaust gas, and calculating a concentration of nitrogen monoxide in the exhaust gas according to the infrared light intensity;
    实时获取汽车发动机的转速以及所述光催化反应器中的当前温度；Acquiring the rotational speed of the automobile engine and the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor in real time;
    根据所述转速、当前温度、浓度以及所述排气压力值计算出参考速度，并根据所述参考速度来调节尾气排放至光催化反应器中的速度；Calculating a reference speed according to the rotational speed, current temperature, concentration, and the exhaust pressure value, and adjusting a velocity of exhaust gas emission into the photocatalytic reactor according to the reference speed;
    采用如下公式来计算参考速度： Use the following formula to calculate the reference speed:
    Figure PCTCN2017074902-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2017074902-appb-100001
    上式中，VNO为参考速度；r为汽车发动机的转速，C为一氧化氮的浓度，T为光催化反应器中的当前温度，P为步骤S101中获取的汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值，a为常数转换系数，a取值范围为0.25-0.4。In the above formula, V NO is the reference speed; r is the rotational speed of the automobile engine, C is the concentration of nitrogen monoxide, T is the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor, and P is the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine obtained in step S101. The exhaust pressure value, a is a constant conversion coefficient, and a ranges from 0.25 to 0.4.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的处理尾气中一氧化氮的方法，其特征在于，若根据所述标识判断各尾气中超限排放的有害气体还含有一氧化碳，则生成吸收指令，并在处理完一氧化氮后，通过该吸收指令将尾气排放至具有一氧化碳吸收剂的容器中进行一氧化碳处理。The method for treating nitric oxide in exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein if the harmful gas exceeding the limit emission in each exhaust gas further contains carbon monoxide according to the label, an absorption command is generated, and the oxidation is processed. After nitrogen, the exhaust gas is discharged into a vessel having a carbon monoxide absorbent by the absorption command for carbon monoxide treatment.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的处理尾气中一氧化氮的方法，其特征在于，所述一氧化碳吸收剂为由多孔无机载体和其上所载有的氮化物和氯化铜的二元配合物构成的组合物，且该组合物中氮化物占0.4-0.8摩尔比；所述无机载体包括：多孔陶瓷、活性炭或者氧化钛；所述氮化物为吡啶及
    Figure PCTCN2017074902-appb-100002
    的组合物。    A method of treating nitric oxide in an exhaust gas according to claim 2, wherein said carbon monoxide absorbent is composed of a porous inorganic carrier and a binary complex of a nitride and a copper chloride carried thereon. a composition, and the nitride in the composition accounts for 0.4-0.8 molar ratio; the inorganic carrier comprises: porous ceramic, activated carbon or titanium oxide; the nitride is pyridine and
    Figure PCTCN2017074902-appb-100002
    Compositions.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的处理尾气中一氧化氮的方法，其特征在于，对所述电信号进行滤波处理的过程包括：The method of treating nitrogen monoxide in exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein the process of filtering the electrical signal comprises:
    采用傅里叶变换的方式对所述电信号进行滤波处理，去除低频电信号。 The electrical signal is filtered by means of Fourier transform to remove low frequency electrical signals.
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