WO2017193672A1 - Method and system for treating nitric oxide in automobile exhaust gas - Google Patents

Method and system for treating nitric oxide in automobile exhaust gas Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017193672A1
WO2017193672A1 PCT/CN2017/074903 CN2017074903W WO2017193672A1 WO 2017193672 A1 WO2017193672 A1 WO 2017193672A1 CN 2017074903 W CN2017074903 W CN 2017074903W WO 2017193672 A1 WO2017193672 A1 WO 2017193672A1
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Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
nitric oxide
automobile
exhaust
gas
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PCT/CN2017/074903
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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崔翠翠
黄安武
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崔翠翠
黄安武
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Publication of WO2017193672A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017193672A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
    • F01N2560/026—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting NOx
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
    • F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
    • F01N2570/145—Dinitrogen oxide
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/10—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of nitrous oxide (N2O)
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, and particularly relates to a nitric oxide treatment method in automobile exhaust gas and a nitric oxide treatment system in automobile exhaust gas.
  • the emission of automobile exhaust is a matter of great concern to the society.
  • the exhaust gas emitted by automobiles contains various harmful gases including carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen monoxide (NO). These gases cause environmental pollution on the one hand, and on the other hand It can cause personal injury.
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • NO nitrogen monoxide
  • nitric oxide in automobile exhaust is a colorless, odorless, water-soluble toxic gas. Because nitric oxide carries free radicals, it makes its chemical properties very active, once it is discharged into the air as automobile exhaust. After reacting with oxygen, a corrosive gas, nitrogen dioxide, is formed. Inhalation of nitrogen dioxide in the early stage will have mild eye and upper respiratory tract irritation, such as pharyngeal discomfort, dry cough, etc., and after a few hours of incubation, chest tightness, respiratory distress, cough, sputum, cyanosis, etc. It may even make people faint.
  • the present invention aims to provide a method and system for treating nitric oxide in automobile exhaust gas, which can effectively treat the nitrogen monoxide in the exhaust gas discharged in an over-limit manner in time, and reduce the exhaust gas to the environment. Pollution and personal injury.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a method for treating nitric oxide in automobile exhaust gas comprising the following steps:
  • the process of discharging exhaust gas into a photocatalytic reactor for nitric oxide treatment comprises:
  • V NO is the reference speed
  • r is the rotational speed of the automobile engine
  • C is the concentration of nitrogen monoxide
  • T is the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor
  • P is the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine obtained in step S101.
  • the value of the exhaust pressure, a is a constant conversion coefficient, ranging from 0.15 to 0.3.
  • the invention also provides a nitric oxide treatment system in automobile exhaust gas, comprising:
  • An exhaust pressure value obtaining module for obtaining an exhaust pressure value at an outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine
  • the detecting module is configured to analyze the exhaust gas at the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier when the exhaust gas pressure value reaches a predetermined value, and obtain the type and content of various harmful gases in the exhaust gas;
  • An identification module for identifying each harmful gas according to the type of harmful gas
  • the first judging module is configured to judge whether the exhaust gas is an exhaust gas exceeding the limit according to the content of various harmful gases
  • a second judging module configured to determine, according to the identifier, whether the harmful gas discharged from the exhaust gas contains only nitric oxide according to the identifier when the judgment result of the first judging module is YES;
  • a nitric oxide treatment module configured to generate a catalytic reaction command when the determination result of the second determining module is YES, and discharge the exhaust gas into the photocatalytic reactor through the catalytic reaction instruction to perform nitric oxide treatment;
  • the nitric oxide treatment module includes:
  • a concentration calculation module configured to determine a concentration of nitric oxide in the exhaust gas according to the content of the harmful gas
  • a parameter acquisition module for acquiring the rotational speed of the automobile engine and the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor in real time
  • a speed control module configured to calculate a reference speed according to the rotation speed, current temperature, concentration, and the exhaust pressure value, and adjust a speed of exhaust gas emission into the photocatalytic reactor according to the reference speed;
  • V NO is the reference speed
  • r is the rotational speed of the automobile engine
  • C is the concentration of nitrogen monoxide
  • T is the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor
  • P is the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine obtained in step S101.
  • the value of the exhaust pressure, a is a constant conversion coefficient, between 0.15-0.3;
  • a carbon monoxide treatment module configured to generate an absorption command if the harmful gas exceeding the limit emission in each exhaust gas further contains carbon monoxide according to the mark, and discharge the exhaust gas to have carbon monoxide through the absorption command after the nitric oxide is processed
  • the carbon monoxide treatment is carried out in a container of the absorbent.
  • the nitric oxide treatment method and system in the automobile exhaust gas of the present invention detects the type and content of the harmful gas contained in the automobile exhaust gas, and identifies various harmful gases. According to the identification and content, the harmful gases discharged beyond the standard will be treated separately, and the nitric oxide will be discharged into the photocatalytic reactor for treatment to achieve targeted treatment of harmful gases, which can effectively improve the efficiency of exhaust gas treatment and avoid automobile exhaust. Causes pollution to the environment and personal injury.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for treating nitric oxide in automobile exhaust gas according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a nitric oxide treatment system in an automobile exhaust gas according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a method for treating nitric oxide in an automobile exhaust gas includes the following steps:
  • step S101 the exhaust pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine is obtained. Since the car produces different power on different roads or when the speed of the car is different, the exhaust pressure at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine is also different. When the exhaust pressure value is different, the content of harmful gases contained in the exhaust gas at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the engine is also different.
  • Step S102 when the exhaust pressure value reaches a predetermined value, analyzing the exhaust gas at the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier to obtain the type and content of various harmful gases in the exhaust gas.
  • the exhaust gas of the automobile exhaust gas purifier outlet is detected, which can effectively reduce the number of times and time of using the equipment used in the process, and prolong the service life of the equipment. .
  • multiple gas detectors can be utilized to divide the exhaust gas According to the analysis, the type and content of harmful gases contained in the exhaust gas can be separately detected and analyzed by each gas detector. When the content of all harmful gases in the exhaust gas discharged from the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier per unit time is greater than or equal to M%, the harmful gas exceeds the standard. This M is a positive number, which can be set according to actual needs.
  • the gas detector described above should include at least one detector for detecting the content of nitric oxide in the exhaust gas.
  • each harmful gas is identified according to the type of the harmful gas. Harmful gases can be identified based on the results detected by different gas detectors.
  • step S104 it is determined whether the exhaust gas is an exhaust gas that exceeds the limit according to the content of various harmful gases. If yes, it indicates that at least one harmful gas in the exhaust gas exceeds the national standard. At this time, step S105 is performed to realize the treatment of the exhaust gas discharged from the limit according to the mark. Otherwise, it means that the vehicle exhaust has no harmful gas or even rarely to be negligible. At this time, it returns to step S101 to continue monitoring.
  • step S105 if yes, it is determined according to the identifier whether the harmful gas discharged from the exhaust gas contains only nitric oxide. If yes, it means that in addition to the high content of nitrogen monoxide in the exhaust gas, other harmful gases are within the standard range, and step S106 can be performed at this time.
  • Step S106 if the result of the determination in step S104 is YES, that is, according to the identifier, it is determined that the harmful gas discharged from each exhaust gas contains only nitric oxide, and a catalytic reaction command is generated, and the exhaust gas is discharged to the photocatalyst through the catalytic reaction command.
  • the treatment is carried out in the reactor.
  • the exhaust gas can be absorbed by the exhaust gas having a photocatalytic reaction layer of titanium dioxide and ultraviolet rays by ultraviolet light. Since this embodiment is for secondary treatment of automobile exhaust gas, usually in automobile exhaust gas. Content of harmful substances Often lower, so nitrogen monoxide can be completely absorbed by photocatalytic reaction.
  • the process of real-time monitoring of the exhaust gas at the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier and analyzing the exhaust gas to obtain the kinds and contents of various harmful gases in the exhaust gas may include the following steps:
  • automobile exhaust gas usually contains various harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides.
  • Each of these gases has a specific characteristic absorption band and characteristic frequency that is strongly absorbed when the infrared spectrum falls near the characteristic frequency band. Therefore, the infrared spectrum of the corresponding characteristic frequency can be used to detect the components of the harmful gas in the exhaust gas, and the amount of the absorbed external spectrum can detect the content of the corresponding gas.
  • the method may further include the step of sequentially filtering and amplifying the electrical signal.
  • the electrical signal can be filtered and amplified by the filtering circuit and the amplifying circuit respectively. After filtering and amplifying the electrical signal, the accuracy of the electrical signal detection can be effectively improved.
  • step S105 if it is determined in step S105 that the harmful gas exceeding the limit in each exhaust gas further contains carbon monoxide, an absorption command may be generated, and after the nitric oxide is processed, the exhaust gas is exhausted by the absorption command.
  • the carbon monoxide treatment is carried out in a vessel having a carbon monoxide absorbent.
  • the carbon monoxide absorbent may be a composition composed of a porous inorganic carrier and a binary complex of a nitride and copper chloride carried thereon, and nitrogen in the composition
  • the compound may comprise from 0.4 to 0.8 molar ratio.
  • the inorganic carrier may be: porous ceramic, activated carbon or titanium oxide.
  • the nitride can be: pyridine and Composition and the like. The carbon monoxide absorbent can effectively absorb carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas.
  • the process of discharging the exhaust gas into the photocatalytic reactor for performing the nitric oxide treatment may specifically include:
  • the current temperature can be obtained by placing a temperature sensor in the photocatalytic reactor;
  • a reference speed is calculated based on the rotational speed, the current temperature, the concentration, and the exhaust pressure value, and the speed at which the exhaust gas is discharged into the photocatalytic reactor is adjusted according to the reference speed.
  • V NO is the reference speed
  • r is the rotational speed of the automobile engine
  • C is the concentration of nitrogen monoxide
  • T is the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor
  • P is the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine obtained in step S101.
  • the value of the exhaust pressure, a is a constant conversion factor, between 0.15-0.3.
  • the following steps may be further included:
  • the separated nitrogen is discharged and the separated carbon dioxide is stored.
  • nitrogen gas may float above the carbon dioxide after being pressurized to a certain range.
  • the pressure treatment is carried out in a container having an opening at the upper end. When the pressure in the container is sufficient to separate the carbon dioxide and the nitrogen gas, the upper end opening is opened to discharge the nitrogen gas, so that carbon dioxide can be collected.
  • carbon dioxide emissions cause environmental pollution in the air, they can be used in industrial and agricultural production, so that carbon dioxide can be effectively utilized to avoid environmental pollution.
  • the present invention also provides a nitric oxide treatment system in an automobile exhaust gas, comprising:
  • the exhaust pressure value obtaining module 101 is configured to obtain an exhaust pressure value at an outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine
  • the detecting module 102 is configured to analyze the exhaust gas at the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier when the exhaust gas pressure value reaches a predetermined value, and obtain the type and content of various harmful gases in the exhaust gas;
  • the identification module 103 is configured to identify each harmful gas according to the type of the harmful gas
  • the first determining module 104 is configured to determine, according to the content of various harmful gases, whether the exhaust gas is an exhaust gas that exceeds the limit emission;
  • the second judging module 105 is configured to determine, according to the identifier, whether the harmful gas discharged from the exhaust gas contains only nitric oxide according to the identifier when the judgment result of the first judging module 104 is YES;
  • the nitric oxide processing module 106 is configured to generate a catalytic reaction command when the determination result of the second determining module 105 is YES, and discharge the exhaust gas into the photocatalytic reactor through the catalytic reaction command to perform nitric oxide treatment.
  • the nitric oxide treatment system in the automobile exhaust gas of the present invention may further include:
  • a carbon monoxide treatment module configured to generate an absorption command if the harmful gas exceeding the limit emission in each exhaust gas further contains carbon monoxide according to the mark, and discharge the exhaust gas to have carbon monoxide through the absorption command after the nitric oxide is processed
  • the carbon monoxide treatment is carried out in a container of the absorbent.
  • the nitric oxide treatment module may include:
  • a concentration calculation module configured to determine a concentration of nitric oxide in the exhaust gas according to the content of the harmful gas
  • a parameter acquisition module for acquiring the rotational speed of the automobile engine and the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor in real time
  • a speed control module configured to calculate a reference speed based on the rotational speed, current temperature, concentration, and the exhaust pressure value, and adjust a velocity of exhaust gas emission into the photocatalytic reactor according to the reference speed.
  • nitric oxide treatment system in the above-mentioned automobile exhaust gas
  • the other technical features of the nitric oxide treatment system in the above-mentioned automobile exhaust gas are the same as the nitric oxide treatment method in the automobile exhaust gas of the present invention, and are not described herein.
  • the nitric oxide treatment method and system in the automobile exhaust gas of the present invention mainly performs secondary treatment on the automobile exhaust gas, and detects and is harmful to various types of harmful gases contained in the automobile exhaust gas.
  • the gas is marked, and the harmful gases discharged beyond the standard are separately treated according to the label and content, and the nitric oxide is mainly discharged into the photocatalytic reactor for treatment, and the targeted treatment of harmful gases is realized, and the efficiency of the exhaust gas treatment can be effectively improved.
  • automobile exhaust gas purifiers in the embodiments of the present invention may be prior art.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract

A method for treating nitric oxide in automobile exhaust gas, said method comprising the following steps: obtaining an exhaust pressure value at an automobile engine exhaust pipe outlet (S101); when the exhaust pressure value reaches a preset value, analysing exhaust gas of an automobile exhaust gas purifier outlet, and obtaining the types and amounts of various harmful gases in the exhaust gas (S102); identifying the various harmful gases according to the types of the harmful gases (S103); determining whether the exhaust gas is an over-limit emission exhaust gas according to the amounts of the various harmful gases (S104); if yes, according to the identification, determining whether over-limit emission harmful gases in the exhaust gas only include nitric oxide (S105); if so determined, generating a catalytic reaction command, and via the catalytic reaction command, discharging the exhaust gas to a photocatalytic reactor for nitric oxide treatment (S106). Also provided is a system for treating nitric oxide in automobile exhaust gas. The method and system for treating nitric oxide effectively treat nitric oxide in over-limit emission automobile exhaust gas in a timely manner, and reduce environmental pollution and bodily harm.

Description

汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理方法及系统Nitric oxide treatment method and system in automobile exhaust 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及汽车技术领域，具体涉及一种汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理方法及一种汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理系统。The invention relates to the technical field of automobiles, and particularly relates to a nitric oxide treatment method in automobile exhaust gas and a nitric oxide treatment system in automobile exhaust gas.
背景技术Background technique
汽车尾气的排放是社会高度关注的问题，汽车排放的尾气中包含有一氧化碳(CO)、一氧化氮(NO)在内的各种有害气体，这些气体一方面造成了环境污染，另一方面也会对人身造成伤害。The emission of automobile exhaust is a matter of great concern to the society. The exhaust gas emitted by automobiles contains various harmful gases including carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen monoxide (NO). These gases cause environmental pollution on the one hand, and on the other hand It can cause personal injury.
例如，汽车尾气中的一氧化氮是一种无色无味、难溶于水的有毒气体，由于一氧化氮带有自由基，这使它的化学性质非常活泼，一旦作为汽车尾气排放到空气中与氧气反应后，便会形成具有腐蚀性的气体——二氧化氮。吸入二氧化氮气体初期便会有轻微的眼及上呼吸道刺激症状，如咽部不适、干咳等，且经过数小时潜伏期后则会发生胸闷、呼吸窘迫、咳嗽、咯泡沫痰、紫绀等，重者甚至可能会使人昏厥。For example, nitric oxide in automobile exhaust is a colorless, odorless, water-soluble toxic gas. Because nitric oxide carries free radicals, it makes its chemical properties very active, once it is discharged into the air as automobile exhaust. After reacting with oxygen, a corrosive gas, nitrogen dioxide, is formed. Inhalation of nitrogen dioxide in the early stage will have mild eye and upper respiratory tract irritation, such as pharyngeal discomfort, dry cough, etc., and after a few hours of incubation, chest tightness, respiratory distress, cough, sputum, cyanosis, etc. It may even make people faint.
因此，如何对超限排放的汽车尾气进行进一步处理以降低尾气中的有害气体对环境的污染程度和人身伤害，成为一个亟待解决的问题。Therefore, how to further treat the exhausted vehicle exhaust to reduce the pollution degree and personal injury of harmful gases in the exhaust gas has become an urgent problem to be solved.
发明内容Summary of the invention
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理方法及系统，能够有效地对超限排放的尾气中的一氧化氮进行及时处理，减少尾气对环境的污染和人身的伤害。 In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a method and system for treating nitric oxide in automobile exhaust gas, which can effectively treat the nitrogen monoxide in the exhaust gas discharged in an over-limit manner in time, and reduce the exhaust gas to the environment. Pollution and personal injury.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理方法，包括如下步骤：A method for treating nitric oxide in automobile exhaust gas, comprising the following steps:
获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值；Obtaining the exhaust pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine;
当所述排气压力值达到预定值时，对汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气进行分析，获取尾气中各种有害气体的种类及含量；When the exhaust pressure value reaches a predetermined value, analyzing the exhaust gas at the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier to obtain the type and content of various harmful gases in the exhaust gas;
根据有害气体的种类对各有害气体进行标识；Identify each hazardous gas according to the type of harmful gas;
根据各种有害气体的含量判断尾气是否为超限排放的尾气；Determine whether the exhaust gas is an exhaust gas that exceeds the limit according to the content of various harmful gases;
若是，则根据所述标识判断尾气中超限排放的有害气体是否只含有一氧化氮；If yes, it is determined according to the identifier whether the harmful gas discharged from the exhaust gas contains only nitric oxide;
若根据所述标识判断各尾气中超限排放的有害气体只含有一氧化氮，则生成催化反应指令，通过该催化反应指令将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行一氧化氮处理If it is determined according to the identifier that the harmful gas discharged from each exhaust gas contains only nitrogen monoxide, a catalytic reaction command is generated, and the exhaust gas is discharged into the photocatalytic reactor through the catalytic reaction command for nitric oxide treatment.
所述将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行一氧化氮处理的过程包括：The process of discharging exhaust gas into a photocatalytic reactor for nitric oxide treatment comprises:
根据所述有害气体的含量确定尾气中一氧化氮的浓度；Determining the concentration of nitric oxide in the exhaust gas according to the content of the harmful gas;
实时获取汽车发动机的转速以及所述光催化反应器中的当前温度；Acquiring the rotational speed of the automobile engine and the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor in real time;
根据所述转速、当前温度、浓度以及所述排气压力值计算出参考速度，并根据所述参考速度来调节尾气排放至光催化反应器中的速度；Calculating a reference speed according to the rotational speed, current temperature, concentration, and the exhaust pressure value, and adjusting a velocity of exhaust gas emission into the photocatalytic reactor according to the reference speed;
采用如下公式来计算参考速度：Use the following formula to calculate the reference speed:
Figure PCTCN2017074903-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2017074903-appb-000001
上式中，VNO为参考速度；r为汽车发动机的转速，C为一氧化氮的浓度，T为光催化反应器中的当前温度，P为步骤S101中获取的汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值，a为常数转换系数，取值范围为0.15-0.3。In the above formula, V NO is the reference speed; r is the rotational speed of the automobile engine, C is the concentration of nitrogen monoxide, T is the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor, and P is the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine obtained in step S101. The value of the exhaust pressure, a is a constant conversion coefficient, ranging from 0.15 to 0.3.
本发明还提供一种汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理系统，包括：The invention also provides a nitric oxide treatment system in automobile exhaust gas, comprising:
排气压力值获取模块，用于获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值；An exhaust pressure value obtaining module for obtaining an exhaust pressure value at an outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine;
检测模块，用于当所述排气压力值达到预定值时，对汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气进行分析，获取尾气中各种有害气体的种类及含量；The detecting module is configured to analyze the exhaust gas at the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier when the exhaust gas pressure value reaches a predetermined value, and obtain the type and content of various harmful gases in the exhaust gas;
标识模块，用于根据有害气体的种类对各有害气体进行标识；An identification module for identifying each harmful gas according to the type of harmful gas;
第一判断模块，用于根据各种有害气体的含量判断尾气是否为超限排放的尾气；The first judging module is configured to judge whether the exhaust gas is an exhaust gas exceeding the limit according to the content of various harmful gases;
第二判断模块，用于在所述第一判断模块的判断结果为是时，根据所述标识判断尾气中超限排放的有害气体是否只含有一氧化氮；a second judging module, configured to determine, according to the identifier, whether the harmful gas discharged from the exhaust gas contains only nitric oxide according to the identifier when the judgment result of the first judging module is YES;
一氧化氮处理模块，用于在所述第二判断模块的判断结果为是时，生成催化反应指令，通过该催化反应指令将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行一氧化氮处理；a nitric oxide treatment module, configured to generate a catalytic reaction command when the determination result of the second determining module is YES, and discharge the exhaust gas into the photocatalytic reactor through the catalytic reaction instruction to perform nitric oxide treatment;
所述一氧化氮处理模块包括：The nitric oxide treatment module includes:
浓度计算模块，用于根据所述有害气体的含量确定尾气中一氧化氮的浓度；a concentration calculation module, configured to determine a concentration of nitric oxide in the exhaust gas according to the content of the harmful gas;
参数获取模块，用于实时获取汽车发动机的转速以及所述光催化反应器中的当前温度； a parameter acquisition module for acquiring the rotational speed of the automobile engine and the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor in real time;
速度控制模块，用于根据所述转速、当前温度、浓度以及所述排气压力值计算出参考速度，并根据所述参考速度来调节尾气排放至光催化反应器中的速度；a speed control module, configured to calculate a reference speed according to the rotation speed, current temperature, concentration, and the exhaust pressure value, and adjust a speed of exhaust gas emission into the photocatalytic reactor according to the reference speed;
采用如下公式来计算参考速度：Use the following formula to calculate the reference speed:
Figure PCTCN2017074903-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2017074903-appb-000002
上式中，VNO为参考速度；r为汽车发动机的转速，C为一氧化氮的浓度，T为光催化反应器中的当前温度，P为步骤S101中获取的汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值，a为常数转换系数，介于0.15-0.3之间；In the above formula, V NO is the reference speed; r is the rotational speed of the automobile engine, C is the concentration of nitrogen monoxide, T is the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor, and P is the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine obtained in step S101. The value of the exhaust pressure, a is a constant conversion coefficient, between 0.15-0.3;
还包括：Also includes:
一氧化碳处理模块，用于若根据所述标识判断各尾气中超限排放的有害气体还含有一氧化碳时，则生成吸收指令，并在处理完一氧化氮后，通过该吸收指令将尾气排放至具有一氧化碳吸收剂的容器中进行一氧化碳处理。a carbon monoxide treatment module, configured to generate an absorption command if the harmful gas exceeding the limit emission in each exhaust gas further contains carbon monoxide according to the mark, and discharge the exhaust gas to have carbon monoxide through the absorption command after the nitric oxide is processed The carbon monoxide treatment is carried out in a container of the absorbent.
与现有技术相比，本发明的一种汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理方法及系统，通过对汽车尾气中所含有的有害气体的种类及含量进行检测，并对各种有害气体进行标识，根据标识及含量将超标排放的有害气体进行分别处理，重点将一氧化氮排放至光催化反应器中进行处理，实现有针对性的处理有害气体，可有效的提高尾气处理的效率，避免汽车尾气对环境造成污染和对人身造成伤害。Compared with the prior art, the nitric oxide treatment method and system in the automobile exhaust gas of the present invention detects the type and content of the harmful gas contained in the automobile exhaust gas, and identifies various harmful gases. According to the identification and content, the harmful gases discharged beyond the standard will be treated separately, and the nitric oxide will be discharged into the photocatalytic reactor for treatment to achieve targeted treatment of harmful gases, which can effectively improve the efficiency of exhaust gas treatment and avoid automobile exhaust. Causes pollution to the environment and personal injury.
附图说明 DRAWINGS
图1为本发明的实施例中一种汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理方法的流程示意图；1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for treating nitric oxide in automobile exhaust gas according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图2为本发明的实施例中一种汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理系统的示意图。2 is a schematic diagram of a nitric oxide treatment system in an automobile exhaust gas according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面，结合附图以及具体实施方式，对本发明做进一步描述：The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
汽车尾气经过净化器之后，其内包含的有害气体通常会处于标准状态，但是在发动机出现故障或者净化器出故障的情况下，可能会出现超标的尾气，本发明主要是针对尾气的二次处理。如图1所示，本实施例所述的一种汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理方法，包括如下步骤：After the exhaust gas of the automobile passes through the purifier, the harmful gas contained in the purifier is usually in a standard state, but in the case of a malfunction of the engine or a malfunction of the purifier, excessive exhaust gas may occur, and the present invention mainly relates to secondary treatment of exhaust gas. . As shown in FIG. 1 , a method for treating nitric oxide in an automobile exhaust gas according to the embodiment includes the following steps:
步骤S101，获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值。由于汽车在不同道路上行驶或者汽车时速不同时汽车发动机所产生功率不同，从而使得汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值也不同。该排气压力值不同时通常发动机排气管出口处的尾气中所包含有害气体的含量也不相同。In step S101, the exhaust pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine is obtained. Since the car produces different power on different roads or when the speed of the car is different, the exhaust pressure at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine is also different. When the exhaust pressure value is different, the content of harmful gases contained in the exhaust gas at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the engine is also different.
步骤S102，当所述排气压力值达到预定值时，对汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气进行分析，获取尾气中各种有害气体的种类及含量。Step S102, when the exhaust pressure value reaches a predetermined value, analyzing the exhaust gas at the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier to obtain the type and content of various harmful gases in the exhaust gas.
本发明实施例中，只有当排气压力值达到预定值才对汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气进行检测，可以有效的降低完成该过程所述使用设备的使用次数和时间，延长该设备的使用寿命。In the embodiment of the present invention, only when the exhaust gas pressure value reaches a predetermined value, the exhaust gas of the automobile exhaust gas purifier outlet is detected, which can effectively reduce the number of times and time of using the equipment used in the process, and prolong the service life of the equipment. .
在其中一个实施例中，可利用多个气体检测器来对尾气进行分 析，通过各气体检测器可分别检测和分析出尾气中包含有害气体的种类及含量。当单位时间内汽车尾气净化器出口排出的尾气中所有害气体的含量占总尾气量大于或等于M％时则说明害气体超标。该M为正数，其可根据实际需要进行设定。In one embodiment, multiple gas detectors can be utilized to divide the exhaust gas According to the analysis, the type and content of harmful gases contained in the exhaust gas can be separately detected and analyzed by each gas detector. When the content of all harmful gases in the exhaust gas discharged from the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier per unit time is greater than or equal to M%, the harmful gas exceeds the standard. This M is a positive number, which can be set according to actual needs.
具体的，上述气体检测器应至少包括一种用于检测尾气中一氧化氮含量的检测器。Specifically, the gas detector described above should include at least one detector for detecting the content of nitric oxide in the exhaust gas.
步骤S103，根据有害气体的种类对各有害气体进行标识。可根据不同的气体检测器检测出来的结果对有害气体进行标识。In step S103, each harmful gas is identified according to the type of the harmful gas. Harmful gases can be identified based on the results detected by different gas detectors.
步骤S104，根据各种有害气体的含量判断尾气是否为超限排放的尾气。若是，则说明尾气中存在至少一种有害气体超过国家的标准，此时执行步骤S105，实现根据标识对超限排放的尾气进行处理。否则，说明汽车尾气无有害气体或者甚至很少至可以忽略，此时返回执行步骤S101进行继续监控。In step S104, it is determined whether the exhaust gas is an exhaust gas that exceeds the limit according to the content of various harmful gases. If yes, it indicates that at least one harmful gas in the exhaust gas exceeds the national standard. At this time, step S105 is performed to realize the treatment of the exhaust gas discharged from the limit according to the mark. Otherwise, it means that the vehicle exhaust has no harmful gas or even rarely to be negligible. At this time, it returns to step S101 to continue monitoring.
步骤S105，若是，则根据所述标识判断尾气中超限排放的有害气体是否只含有一氧化氮。若是，则说明尾气中除了一氧化氮含量较高之外，其他有害气体均在标准范围内，此时可以执行步骤S106。In step S105, if yes, it is determined according to the identifier whether the harmful gas discharged from the exhaust gas contains only nitric oxide. If yes, it means that in addition to the high content of nitrogen monoxide in the exhaust gas, other harmful gases are within the standard range, and step S106 can be performed at this time.
步骤S106，若步骤S104的判断结果为是，即根据所述标识判断各尾气中超限排放的有害气体只含有一氧化氮，则生成催化反应指令，通过该催化反应指令将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行处理。Step S106, if the result of the determination in step S104 is YES, that is, according to the identifier, it is determined that the harmful gas discharged from each exhaust gas contains only nitric oxide, and a catalytic reaction command is generated, and the exhaust gas is discharged to the photocatalyst through the catalytic reaction command. The treatment is carried out in the reactor.
具体的，本实施例中可以将尾气通过具有二氧化钛光催化反应层并利用紫外灯发射紫外线的方式来对一氧化氮进行吸收，由于本实施例是针对汽车尾气的二次处理，通常汽车尾气中的有害物质的含量通 常较低，所以通过光催化反应之后可以彻底将一氧化氮吸收。Specifically, in this embodiment, the exhaust gas can be absorbed by the exhaust gas having a photocatalytic reaction layer of titanium dioxide and ultraviolet rays by ultraviolet light. Since this embodiment is for secondary treatment of automobile exhaust gas, usually in automobile exhaust gas. Content of harmful substances Often lower, so nitrogen monoxide can be completely absorbed by photocatalytic reaction.
作为优选的实施例，所述对汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气进行实时监控，并对尾气进行分析获取尾气中各种有害气体的种类及含量的过程可以包括如下步骤：As a preferred embodiment, the process of real-time monitoring of the exhaust gas at the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier and analyzing the exhaust gas to obtain the kinds and contents of various harmful gases in the exhaust gas may include the following steps:
通过红外线检测的方式对尾气进行实时监控；Real-time monitoring of exhaust gas by means of infrared detection;
根据被吸收的红外线的波长范围及被吸收的程度，生成相应的电信号；Generating a corresponding electrical signal according to the wavelength range of the absorbed infrared light and the degree of absorption;
根据该电信号分析得出有害气体的种类及含量。According to the electrical signal analysis, the type and content of harmful gases are obtained.
由于汽车尾气中通常包含有一氧化氮、碳氢化合物、硫氧化合物、氮氧化合物等各种有害气体。而这些气体中每种气体具有特定的特征吸收谱带与特征频率，当红外光谱落在特征频率带附近的时候会被强烈的吸收。所以可通过相应特征频率的红外光谱来检测尾气中有害气体的成分，及被吸收的外光谱的量可以检测出相应气体的含量。Since automobile exhaust gas usually contains various harmful gases such as nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, sulfur oxides, and nitrogen oxides. Each of these gases has a specific characteristic absorption band and characteristic frequency that is strongly absorbed when the infrared spectrum falls near the characteristic frequency band. Therefore, the infrared spectrum of the corresponding characteristic frequency can be used to detect the components of the harmful gas in the exhaust gas, and the amount of the absorbed external spectrum can detect the content of the corresponding gas.
作为优选的实施例，在根据该电信号分析得出有害气体的种类及含量步骤之前，还可以包括如下步骤：将该电信号依次进行滤波及放大处理。具体可分别通过滤波电路及放大电路对电信号进行滤波及放大处理。通过对电信号进行滤波及放大处理后，可以有效的提高电信号检测的准确度。As a preferred embodiment, before the step of analyzing the type and content of the harmful gas according to the electrical signal, the method may further include the step of sequentially filtering and amplifying the electrical signal. Specifically, the electrical signal can be filtered and amplified by the filtering circuit and the amplifying circuit respectively. After filtering and amplifying the electrical signal, the accuracy of the electrical signal detection can be effectively improved.
在一个实施例中，若步骤S105中，根据所述标识判断各尾气中超限排放的有害气体还含有一氧化碳，则可以生成吸收指令，并在处理完一氧化氮后，通过该吸收指令将尾气排放至具有一氧化碳吸收剂的容器中进行一氧化碳处理。 In an embodiment, if it is determined in step S105 that the harmful gas exceeding the limit in each exhaust gas further contains carbon monoxide, an absorption command may be generated, and after the nitric oxide is processed, the exhaust gas is exhausted by the absorption command. The carbon monoxide treatment is carried out in a vessel having a carbon monoxide absorbent.
作为一个较好的实施例，该一氧化碳吸收剂可为一种由多孔无机载体和其上所载有的氮化物和氯化铜的二元配合物构成的组合物，且所述组合物中氮化物可以占0.4-0.8摩尔比。此外，所述无机载体可以为：多孔陶瓷、活性炭或者氧化钛等。该氮化物可为:吡啶及
Figure PCTCN2017074903-appb-000003
的组合物等。该一氧化碳吸收剂可以有效吸收尾气中的一氧化碳。As a preferred embodiment, the carbon monoxide absorbent may be a composition composed of a porous inorganic carrier and a binary complex of a nitride and copper chloride carried thereon, and nitrogen in the composition The compound may comprise from 0.4 to 0.8 molar ratio. Further, the inorganic carrier may be: porous ceramic, activated carbon or titanium oxide. The nitride can be: pyridine and
Figure PCTCN2017074903-appb-000003
Composition and the like. The carbon monoxide absorbent can effectively absorb carbon monoxide in the exhaust gas.
另外，作为一个较好的实施例，所述将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行一氧化氮处理的过程具体可以包括：In addition, as a preferred embodiment, the process of discharging the exhaust gas into the photocatalytic reactor for performing the nitric oxide treatment may specifically include:
根据所述有害气体的含量确定尾气中一氧化氮的浓度；Determining the concentration of nitric oxide in the exhaust gas according to the content of the harmful gas;
实时获取汽车发动机的转速以及所述光催化反应器中的当前温度；可以通过在光催化反应器中放置一个温度传感器来获取到所述当前温度；Acquiring the rotational speed of the automobile engine and the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor in real time; the current temperature can be obtained by placing a temperature sensor in the photocatalytic reactor;
根据所述转速、当前温度、浓度以及所述排气压力值计算出参考速度，并根据所述参考速度来调节尾气排放至光催化反应器中的速度。A reference speed is calculated based on the rotational speed, the current temperature, the concentration, and the exhaust pressure value, and the speed at which the exhaust gas is discharged into the photocatalytic reactor is adjusted according to the reference speed.
本实施例中，可以采用如下公式来计算参考速度：In this embodiment, the following formula can be used to calculate the reference speed:
Figure PCTCN2017074903-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2017074903-appb-000004
上式中，VNO为参考速度；r为汽车发动机的转速，C为一氧化氮的浓度，T为光催化反应器中的当前温度，P为步骤S101中获取的汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值，a为常数转换系数，介于0.15-0.3之间。通过控制尾气排放到光催化反应器中的速度，使得一 氧化氮能够在光催化反应器中被更完全的吸收，从而可以有效提高一氧化氮处理的效率。特别的，经过大量的实验数据证明，当a的值取为0.28时，一氧化氮处理的效率最佳。In the above formula, V NO is the reference speed; r is the rotational speed of the automobile engine, C is the concentration of nitrogen monoxide, T is the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor, and P is the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine obtained in step S101. The value of the exhaust pressure, a is a constant conversion factor, between 0.15-0.3. By controlling the rate at which the exhaust gas is discharged into the photocatalytic reactor, the nitrogen monoxide can be more completely absorbed in the photocatalytic reactor, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of the nitric oxide treatment. In particular, after a large amount of experimental data, the efficiency of nitric oxide treatment is optimal when the value of a is 0.28.
作为优选的实施例，在根据所述标识对尾气进行处理之后，还可以包括如下步骤：As a preferred embodiment, after the exhaust gas is processed according to the identifier, the following steps may be further included:
对已经处理过的汽车尾气进行收集，并进行加压至将尾气中的二氧化碳及氮气进行分离；Collecting the exhausted vehicle exhaust gas and pressurizing it to separate carbon dioxide and nitrogen in the exhaust gas;
将分离后的氮气排放出去，并存储分离出来的二氧化碳。The separated nitrogen is discharged and the separated carbon dioxide is stored.
本实施例中由于氮气的密度比二氧化碳小，经过加压至一定范围之后氮气会浮于二氧化碳至上。如此通过一上端有开口的容器中进行加压处理，当容器中的压强足够将二氧化碳及氮气分离时，将上端开口打开将氮气排放出去，从而可以收集二氧化碳。虽然二氧化碳排放在空气中会造成环境污染，但是其可以用于工农业生产，如此可以有效对二氧化碳进行合理利用，避免污染环境。In this embodiment, since the density of nitrogen gas is smaller than that of carbon dioxide, nitrogen gas may float above the carbon dioxide after being pressurized to a certain range. The pressure treatment is carried out in a container having an opening at the upper end. When the pressure in the container is sufficient to separate the carbon dioxide and the nitrogen gas, the upper end opening is opened to discharge the nitrogen gas, so that carbon dioxide can be collected. Although carbon dioxide emissions cause environmental pollution in the air, they can be used in industrial and agricultural production, so that carbon dioxide can be effectively utilized to avoid environmental pollution.
参照图2，与上述汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理方法相对应，本发明还提供一种汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理系统，包括：Referring to FIG. 2, in accordance with the nitric oxide treatment method in the automobile exhaust gas, the present invention also provides a nitric oxide treatment system in an automobile exhaust gas, comprising:
排气压力值获取模块101，用于获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值；The exhaust pressure value obtaining module 101 is configured to obtain an exhaust pressure value at an outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine;
检测模块102，用于当所述排气压力值达到预定值时，对汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气进行分析，获取尾气中各种有害气体的种类及含量；The detecting module 102 is configured to analyze the exhaust gas at the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier when the exhaust gas pressure value reaches a predetermined value, and obtain the type and content of various harmful gases in the exhaust gas;
标识模块103，用于根据有害气体的种类对各有害气体进行标识； The identification module 103 is configured to identify each harmful gas according to the type of the harmful gas;
第一判断模块104，用于根据各种有害气体的含量判断尾气是否为超限排放的尾气；The first determining module 104 is configured to determine, according to the content of various harmful gases, whether the exhaust gas is an exhaust gas that exceeds the limit emission;
第二判断模块105，用于在所述第一判断模块104的判断结果为是时，根据所述标识判断尾气中超限排放的有害气体是否只含有一氧化氮；The second judging module 105 is configured to determine, according to the identifier, whether the harmful gas discharged from the exhaust gas contains only nitric oxide according to the identifier when the judgment result of the first judging module 104 is YES;
一氧化氮处理模块106，用于在所述第二判断模块105的判断结果为是时，生成催化反应指令，通过该催化反应指令将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行一氧化氮处理。The nitric oxide processing module 106 is configured to generate a catalytic reaction command when the determination result of the second determining module 105 is YES, and discharge the exhaust gas into the photocatalytic reactor through the catalytic reaction command to perform nitric oxide treatment.
作为一个较好的实施例，本发明的一种汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理系统还可以包括：As a preferred embodiment, the nitric oxide treatment system in the automobile exhaust gas of the present invention may further include:
一氧化碳处理模块，用于若根据所述标识判断各尾气中超限排放的有害气体还含有一氧化碳时，则生成吸收指令，并在处理完一氧化氮后，通过该吸收指令将尾气排放至具有一氧化碳吸收剂的容器中进行一氧化碳处理。a carbon monoxide treatment module, configured to generate an absorption command if the harmful gas exceeding the limit emission in each exhaust gas further contains carbon monoxide according to the mark, and discharge the exhaust gas to have carbon monoxide through the absorption command after the nitric oxide is processed The carbon monoxide treatment is carried out in a container of the absorbent.
优选的，所述一氧化氮处理模块可以包括：Preferably, the nitric oxide treatment module may include:
浓度计算模块，用于根据所述有害气体的含量确定尾气中一氧化氮的浓度；a concentration calculation module, configured to determine a concentration of nitric oxide in the exhaust gas according to the content of the harmful gas;
参数获取模块，用于实时获取汽车发动机的转速以及所述光催化反应器中的当前温度；a parameter acquisition module for acquiring the rotational speed of the automobile engine and the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor in real time;
速度控制模块，用于根据所述转速、当前温度、浓度以及所述排气压力值计算出参考速度，并根据所述参考速度来调节尾气排放至光催化反应器中的速度。 a speed control module configured to calculate a reference speed based on the rotational speed, current temperature, concentration, and the exhaust pressure value, and adjust a velocity of exhaust gas emission into the photocatalytic reactor according to the reference speed.
上述一种汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理系统的其它技术特征与本发明一种汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理方法相同，此处不予赘述。The other technical features of the nitric oxide treatment system in the above-mentioned automobile exhaust gas are the same as the nitric oxide treatment method in the automobile exhaust gas of the present invention, and are not described herein.
综上所述，本发明的汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理方法及系统主要对汽车尾气进行二次处理，通过对汽车尾气中所含有的有害气体的种类及含量进行检测，并对各种有害气体进行标识，根据标识及含量将超标排放的有害气体进行分别处理，重点将一氧化氮排放至光催化反应器中进行处理，实现有针对性的处理有害气体，可有效的提高尾气处理的效率，避免汽车尾气对环境造成污染和对人身造成伤害。In summary, the nitric oxide treatment method and system in the automobile exhaust gas of the present invention mainly performs secondary treatment on the automobile exhaust gas, and detects and is harmful to various types of harmful gases contained in the automobile exhaust gas. The gas is marked, and the harmful gases discharged beyond the standard are separately treated according to the label and content, and the nitric oxide is mainly discharged into the photocatalytic reactor for treatment, and the targeted treatment of harmful gases is realized, and the efficiency of the exhaust gas treatment can be effectively improved. To avoid pollution of the environment caused by automobile exhaust and personal injury.
需要说明的是，本发明的各实施例中所的汽车尾气净化器均可为现有技术。It should be noted that the automobile exhaust gas purifiers in the embodiments of the present invention may be prior art.
对本领域的技术人员来说，可根据以上描述的技术方案以及构思，做出其它各种相应的改变以及形变，而所有的这些改变以及形变都应该属于本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。 Various other changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above-described technical solutions and concepts, and all such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims (7)

  1. 一种汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：A method for treating nitric oxide in automobile exhaust gas, comprising the steps of:
    获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值；Obtaining the exhaust pressure value at the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine;
    当所述排气压力值达到预定值时，对汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气进行分析，获取尾气中各种有害气体的种类及含量；When the exhaust pressure value reaches a predetermined value, analyzing the exhaust gas at the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier to obtain the type and content of various harmful gases in the exhaust gas;
    根据有害气体的种类对各有害气体进行标识；Identify each hazardous gas according to the type of harmful gas;
    根据各种有害气体的含量判断尾气是否为超限排放的尾气；Determine whether the exhaust gas is an exhaust gas that exceeds the limit according to the content of various harmful gases;
    若是，则根据所述标识判断尾气中超限排放的有害气体是否只含有一氧化氮；If yes, it is determined according to the identifier whether the harmful gas discharged from the exhaust gas contains only nitric oxide;
    若根据所述标识判断各尾气中超限排放的有害气体只含有一氧化氮，则生成催化反应指令，通过该催化反应指令将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行一氧化氮处理If it is determined according to the identifier that the harmful gas discharged from each exhaust gas contains only nitrogen monoxide, a catalytic reaction command is generated, and the exhaust gas is discharged into the photocatalytic reactor through the catalytic reaction command for nitric oxide treatment.
    所述将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行一氧化氮处理的过程包括：The process of discharging exhaust gas into a photocatalytic reactor for nitric oxide treatment comprises:
    根据所述有害气体的含量确定尾气中一氧化氮的浓度；Determining the concentration of nitric oxide in the exhaust gas according to the content of the harmful gas;
    实时获取汽车发动机的转速以及所述光催化反应器中的当前温度；Acquiring the rotational speed of the automobile engine and the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor in real time;
    根据所述转速、当前温度、浓度以及所述排气压力值计算出参考速度，并根据所述参考速度来调节尾气排放至光催化反应器中的速度；Calculating a reference speed according to the rotational speed, current temperature, concentration, and the exhaust pressure value, and adjusting a velocity of exhaust gas emission into the photocatalytic reactor according to the reference speed;
    采用如下公式来计算参考速度：Use the following formula to calculate the reference speed:
    Figure PCTCN2017074903-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2017074903-appb-100001
    上式中，VNO为参考速度；r为汽车发动机的转速，C为一氧化氮的浓度，T为光催化反应器中的当前温度，P为步骤S101中获取的汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值，a为常数转换系数，取值范围为0.15-0.3。In the above formula, V NO is the reference speed; r is the rotational speed of the automobile engine, C is the concentration of nitrogen monoxide, T is the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor, and P is the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine obtained in step S101. The value of the exhaust pressure, a is a constant conversion coefficient, ranging from 0.15 to 0.3.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理方法，其特征在于，若根据所述标识判断各尾气中超限排放的有害气体还含有一氧化碳，则生成吸收指令，并在处理完一氧化氮后，通过该吸收指令将尾气排放至具有一氧化碳吸收剂的容器中进行一氧化碳处理。The method for treating nitric oxide in automobile exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein if the harmful gas exceeding the limit emission in each exhaust gas further contains carbon monoxide according to the flag, an absorption command is generated, and the processing is completed. After the nitrogen oxides, the exhaust gas is discharged into a vessel having a carbon monoxide absorbent by the absorption command for carbon monoxide treatment.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理方法，其特征在于，所述一氧化碳吸收剂为由多孔无机载体和其上所载有的氮化物和氯化铜的二元配合物构成的组合物，且该组合物中氮化物占0.4-0.8摩尔比；所述无机载体包括：多孔陶瓷、活性炭或者氧化钛；所述氮化物为吡啶及
    Figure PCTCN2017074903-appb-100002
    的组合物。    A method of treating nitric oxide in an automobile exhaust gas according to claim 2, wherein said carbon monoxide absorbent is composed of a porous inorganic carrier and a binary complex of a nitride and a copper chloride carried thereon. Composition, and the nitride in the composition accounts for 0.4-0.8 molar ratio; the inorganic carrier comprises: porous ceramic, activated carbon or titanium oxide; the nitride is pyridine and
    Figure PCTCN2017074903-appb-100002
    Compositions.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理方法，其特征在于，所述对汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气进行实时监控，并对尾气进行分析获取尾气中各种有害气体的种类及含量的过程包括：The method for treating nitric oxide in automobile exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust gas at the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier is monitored in real time, and the exhaust gas is analyzed to obtain the types of various harmful gases in the exhaust gas and The process of content includes:
    通过红外线检测的方式对尾气进行实时监控；Real-time monitoring of exhaust gas by means of infrared detection;
    根据被吸收的红外线的波长范围及被吸收的程度，生成相应的电信号；Generating a corresponding electrical signal according to the wavelength range of the absorbed infrared light and the degree of absorption;
    根据该电信号分析得出有害气体的种类及含量。 According to the electrical signal analysis, the type and content of harmful gases are obtained.
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理方法，其特征在于，在根据该电信号分析得出有害气体的种类及含量步骤之前，还包括将该电信号依次进行滤波及放大处理的步骤。The method for treating nitric oxide in automobile exhaust gas according to claim 4, characterized in that before the step of analyzing the type and content of the harmful gas according to the electrical signal, the method further comprises filtering and amplifying the electrical signal sequentially. A step of.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理方法，其特征在于，在对尾气进行处理之后，还包括：The method of treating nitric oxide in an automobile exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein after the exhaust gas is processed, the method further comprises:
    对已经处理过的汽车尾气进行收集，并进行加压至将尾气中的二氧化碳及氮气进行分离；Collecting the exhausted vehicle exhaust gas and pressurizing it to separate carbon dioxide and nitrogen in the exhaust gas;
    将分离后的氮气排放出去，并存储分离出来的二氧化碳。The separated nitrogen is discharged and the separated carbon dioxide is stored.
  7. 一种汽车尾气中的一氧化氮处理系统，其特征在于，包括：A nitric oxide treatment system in an automobile exhaust gas, comprising:
    排气压力值获取模块，用于获取汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值；An exhaust pressure value obtaining module for obtaining an exhaust pressure value at an outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine;
    检测模块，用于当所述排气压力值达到预定值时，对汽车尾气净化器出口的尾气进行分析，获取尾气中各种有害气体的种类及含量；The detecting module is configured to analyze the exhaust gas at the outlet of the automobile exhaust gas purifier when the exhaust gas pressure value reaches a predetermined value, and obtain the type and content of various harmful gases in the exhaust gas;
    标识模块，用于根据有害气体的种类对各有害气体进行标识；An identification module for identifying each harmful gas according to the type of harmful gas;
    第一判断模块，用于根据各种有害气体的含量判断尾气是否为超限排放的尾气；The first judging module is configured to judge whether the exhaust gas is an exhaust gas exceeding the limit according to the content of various harmful gases;
    第二判断模块，用于在所述第一判断模块的判断结果为是时，根据所述标识判断尾气中超限排放的有害气体是否只含有一氧化氮；a second judging module, configured to determine, according to the identifier, whether the harmful gas discharged from the exhaust gas contains only nitric oxide according to the identifier when the judgment result of the first judging module is YES;
    一氧化氮处理模块，用于在所述第二判断模块的判断结果为是时，生成催化反应指令，通过该催化反应指令将尾气排放至光催化反应器中进行一氧化氮处理；a nitric oxide treatment module, configured to generate a catalytic reaction command when the determination result of the second determining module is YES, and discharge the exhaust gas into the photocatalytic reactor through the catalytic reaction instruction to perform nitric oxide treatment;
    所述一氧化氮处理模块包括： The nitric oxide treatment module includes:
    浓度计算模块，用于根据所述有害气体的含量确定尾气中一氧化氮的浓度；a concentration calculation module, configured to determine a concentration of nitric oxide in the exhaust gas according to the content of the harmful gas;
    参数获取模块，用于实时获取汽车发动机的转速以及所述光催化反应器中的当前温度；a parameter acquisition module for acquiring the rotational speed of the automobile engine and the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor in real time;
    速度控制模块，用于根据所述转速、当前温度、浓度以及所述排气压力值计算出参考速度，并根据所述参考速度来调节尾气排放至光催化反应器中的速度；a speed control module, configured to calculate a reference speed according to the rotation speed, current temperature, concentration, and the exhaust pressure value, and adjust a speed of exhaust gas emission into the photocatalytic reactor according to the reference speed;
    采用如下公式来计算参考速度：Use the following formula to calculate the reference speed:
    Figure PCTCN2017074903-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2017074903-appb-100003
    上式中，VNO为参考速度；r为汽车发动机的转速，C为一氧化氮的浓度，T为光催化反应器中的当前温度，P为步骤S101中获取的汽车发动机排气管出口处的排气压力值，a为常数转换系数，介于0.15-0.3之间；In the above formula, V NO is the reference speed; r is the rotational speed of the automobile engine, C is the concentration of nitrogen monoxide, T is the current temperature in the photocatalytic reactor, and P is the outlet of the exhaust pipe of the automobile engine obtained in step S101. The value of the exhaust pressure, a is a constant conversion coefficient, between 0.15-0.3;
    还包括：Also includes:
    一氧化碳处理模块，用于若根据所述标识判断各尾气中超限排放的有害气体还含有一氧化碳时，则生成吸收指令，并在处理完一氧化氮后，通过该吸收指令将尾气排放至具有一氧化碳吸收剂的容器中进行一氧化碳处理。 a carbon monoxide treatment module, configured to generate an absorption command if the harmful gas exceeding the limit emission in each exhaust gas further contains carbon monoxide according to the mark, and discharge the exhaust gas to have carbon monoxide through the absorption command after the nitric oxide is processed The carbon monoxide treatment is carried out in a container of the absorbent.
PCT/CN2017/074903 2016-05-09 2017-02-26 Method and system for treating nitric oxide in automobile exhaust gas WO2017193672A1 (en)

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