WO2017181457A1 - 液晶材料、液晶显示面板的制作方法、及液晶显示面板 - Google Patents

液晶材料、液晶显示面板的制作方法、及液晶显示面板 Download PDF

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WO2017181457A1
WO2017181457A1 PCT/CN2016/081972 CN2016081972W WO2017181457A1 WO 2017181457 A1 WO2017181457 A1 WO 2017181457A1 CN 2016081972 W CN2016081972 W CN 2016081972W WO 2017181457 A1 WO2017181457 A1 WO 2017181457A1
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liquid crystal
substrate
polymer film
crystal material
vertical alignment
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PCT/CN2016/081972
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
兰松
李泳锐
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TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to US15/109,128 priority Critical patent/US10308874B2/en
Publication of WO2017181457A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017181457A1/zh
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    • C09K2019/3075—Cy-COO-Ph
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/04—Liquid crystal materials characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components, e.g. by a specific unit
    • C09K19/06—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds
    • C09K19/08—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings
    • C09K19/30—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings
    • C09K19/3001—Cyclohexane rings
    • C09K19/3066—Cyclohexane rings in which the rings are linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms, e.g. esters or ethers
    • C09K19/3068—Cyclohexane rings in which the rings are linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms, e.g. esters or ethers chain containing -COO- or -OCO- groups
    • C09K2019/3083—Cy-Ph-COO-Ph

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a liquid crystal material, a method of fabricating a liquid crystal display panel, and a liquid crystal display panel.
  • LCDs liquid crystal displays
  • Various consumer electronic products such as digital assistants, digital cameras, notebook computers, and desktop computers have become mainstream in display devices.
  • liquid crystal display devices which include a liquid crystal display panel and a backlight module.
  • the working principle of the liquid crystal display panel is to place liquid crystal molecules in two parallel glass substrates. There are many vertical and horizontal small wires between the two glass substrates, and the liquid crystal molecules are controlled to change direction by energizing or not, and the light of the backlight module is changed. Refracted to produce a picture.
  • a liquid crystal display panel comprises a CF (Color Filter) substrate, a thin film transistor (TFT) substrate, a liquid crystal (LC) sandwiched between the color filter substrate and the thin film transistor substrate, and a sealant frame ( Sealant) composition.
  • CF Color Filter
  • TFT thin film transistor
  • LC liquid crystal
  • Sealant sealant frame
  • an alignment film commonly used polyimide (PI) material
  • the main component of such a phase-matching film is a friction-aligned PI material or a photo-aligned PI material, but any alignment material has its own disadvantages.
  • the friction-aligned PI material is liable to cause problems such as dust particles, static electricity, and brush marks, thereby reducing the process yield.
  • the photo-alignment type PI material can avoid these problems, heat resistance and aging resistance are limited due to material properties.
  • the PI material itself has high polarity and high water absorption, storage and transportation are easy to cause deterioration and lead to uneven alignment, and PI
  • the material is expensive, and the process of film formation on the TFT-LCD is also complicated, resulting in an increase in panel cost. Then, in the TFT-LCD, if the liquid crystal molecules can be aligned even in the case where the PI film is omitted, the cost of the production panel can be greatly reduced.
  • the vertical alignment agent, the polymerizable monomer and the vertical alignment agent can be polymerized to form a polymer, deposited on the substrate to form a polymer film which can replace the alignment film, which simplifies the alignment process of the liquid crystal and saves cost.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for fabricating a liquid crystal display panel, which eliminates the alignment film process, has a simple process, and has low production cost.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display panel which uses a polymer film obtained by polymerizing a polymerizable monomer and a vertical alignment agent to replace the alignment film, thereby achieving the purpose of liquid crystal alignment and preventing the TFT substrate and CF. Impurity ions in the substrate diffuse into the liquid crystal layer, which greatly improves the quality of the panel and is low in manufacturing cost.
  • the present invention provides a liquid crystal material comprising liquid crystal molecules, a vertical alignment agent, and a polymerizable monomer;
  • the vertical alignment agent includes one or more of the following compounds:
  • the mass percentage of the liquid crystal molecules is 94.0% to 98.6%, the mass percentage of the vertical alignment agent is 1.0% to 5.0%, and the mass percentage of the polymerizable monomer is 0.3% to 0.5%;
  • the polymerizable monomer includes a combination of one or more of an acrylate, an acrylate derivative, a methacrylate, a methacrylate derivative, a styrene, a styrene derivative, and an epoxy resin.
  • the liquid crystal material further includes a photoinitiator, the photoinitiator is 0.1% to 0.5% by mass, and the photoinitiator includes azobisisobutyronitrile, dioxane compound, and diacyl peroxide. A combination of one or more of a compound and a peroxidized lipid compound.
  • the invention also provides a method for fabricating a liquid crystal display panel, comprising the following steps:
  • Step 1 providing an upper substrate, a lower substrate, and a liquid crystal material
  • the upper substrate includes a first substrate and a first electrode disposed on the first substrate;
  • the lower substrate includes a second substrate, and a second electrode disposed on the second substrate;
  • the liquid crystal material includes liquid crystal molecules, a vertical alignment agent, and a polymerizable monomer
  • the vertical alignment agent includes one or more of the following compounds:
  • Step 2 dropping a liquid crystal material on the upper substrate or the lower substrate, applying a sealant at a peripheral position of the lower substrate or the upper substrate, and then bonding the upper substrate and the lower substrate together, and Said sealant for curing;
  • a portion of the vertical alignment agent in the liquid crystal material is adsorbed on the upper substrate and the lower substrate to be in an adsorption saturation state, and is arranged perpendicular to the upper substrate and the lower substrate, thereby guiding liquid crystal molecules perpendicular to the upper substrate and the lower substrate. Arranged; another portion of the vertical alignment agent is free in the liquid crystal material;
  • Step 3 applying a voltage to both sides of the liquid crystal material through the first electrode and the second electrode to deflect the liquid crystal molecules, and arranging with the upper substrate and the lower substrate at a certain inclination angle;
  • the film has a rough surface
  • Step 4 after stopping applying voltage to both sides of the liquid crystal layer, since the first polymer film and the second polymer film both have rough surfaces, the first polymer film and the second polymer are brought close to each other in a steric manner.
  • the liquid crystal molecules of the film maintain their inclination angle, and the liquid crystal molecules away from the first polymer film and the second polymer film resume vertical alignment;
  • the liquid crystal material is removed from the liquid crystal material of the vertical alignment agent and the polymerizable monomer to complete the fabrication of the liquid crystal display panel.
  • the mass percentage of the liquid crystal molecules is 94.0% to 98.6%
  • the mass percentage of the vertical alignment agent is 1.0% to 5.0%
  • the mass percentage of the polymerizable monomer is 0.3% to 0.5%
  • the polymerizable monomer includes a combination of one or more of an acrylate, an acrylate derivative, a methacrylate, a methacrylate derivative, a styrene, a styrene derivative, and an epoxy resin.
  • the liquid crystal material further includes a photoinitiator, the photoinitiator is 0.1% to 0.5% by mass, and the photoinitiator includes azobisisobutyronitrile, dioxane compound, and diacyl peroxide. A combination of one or more of a compound and a peroxidized lipid compound.
  • the voltage applied to both sides of the liquid crystal material is 13 to 25V;
  • the illuminance of the ultraviolet light is 85-100 mW/cm 2 , and the irradiation time is 20-30 min;
  • the ultraviolet light has an illuminance of 85 to 100 mW/cm 2 and an irradiation time of 90 to 120 min.
  • the upper substrate and the lower substrate are respectively a TFT substrate and a CF substrate;
  • the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively a pixel electrode and a common electrode;
  • the liquid crystal material is irradiated with the first and second ultraviolet rays from the side of the upper substrate.
  • the present invention also provides a liquid crystal display panel comprising an upper substrate, a lower substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the upper and lower substrates, and a first polymer film disposed on a surface of the upper substrate facing the liquid crystal layer. And a second polymer film disposed on a surface of the lower substrate facing the liquid crystal layer;
  • the upper substrate includes a first substrate and a first electrode disposed on the first substrate;
  • the lower substrate includes a second substrate And a second electrode disposed on the second substrate;
  • the liquid crystal layer includes liquid crystal molecules; liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer adjacent to the first polymer film and the second polymer film are arranged at a certain inclination angle with the upper substrate and the lower substrate; Liquid crystal molecules distant from the first polymer film and the second polymer film are arranged perpendicular to the upper substrate and the lower substrate;
  • the first polymer film and the second polymer film both have a rough surface, and are each formed by polymerizing a polymerizable monomer and a vertical alignment agent;
  • the vertical alignment agent includes one or more of the following compounds:
  • the polymerizable monomer includes a combination of one or more of an acrylate, an acrylate derivative, a methacrylate, a methacrylate derivative, a styrene, a styrene derivative, and an epoxy resin;
  • the thickness of the first polymer film and the second polymer film is
  • the liquid crystal material of the present invention comprises liquid crystal molecules, a polymerizable monomer and a vertical alignment agent, and the polymerizable monomer and the vertical alignment agent can be polymerized under ultraviolet light to form a polymer and deposit.
  • a polymer film which can replace the alignment film is formed, which simplifies the alignment process of the liquid crystal and saves cost.
  • the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display panel of the invention eliminates the alignment film process, has simple process and low production cost.
  • the liquid crystal display panel of the present invention uses a polymer film obtained by polymerizing a polymerizable monomer and a vertical alignment agent to replace the alignment film, thereby achieving the purpose of liquid crystal alignment and preventing diffusion of impurity ions in the TFT substrate and the CF substrate.
  • the quality of the panel is greatly improved, and the manufacturing cost is low.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method of fabricating a liquid crystal display panel of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing steps 1-2 of the method for fabricating a liquid crystal display panel of the present invention
  • 3-4 is a schematic diagram of step 3 of a method for fabricating a liquid crystal display panel of the present invention.
  • step 4 is a schematic diagram of step 4 of a method for fabricating a liquid crystal display panel of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a liquid crystal display panel prepared by the method for fabricating a liquid crystal display panel of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a scanning electron micrograph of the surface topography of the first and second polymer films in the liquid crystal display panel of FIG. 6.
  • the present invention provides a liquid crystal material comprising liquid crystal molecules 31, a vertical alignment agent 32, and a polymerizable monomer (RM) 33;
  • the vertical alignment agent 32 includes one or more of the following compounds:
  • the mass percentage of the liquid crystal molecules 31 is 94.0% to 98.6%
  • the mass percentage of the vertical alignment agent 32 is 1.0% to 5.0%
  • the mass percentage of the polymerizable monomer 33 is 0.3. % ⁇ 0.5%.
  • the polymerizable monomer 33 includes one or more of an acrylate, an acrylate derivative, a methacrylate, a methacrylate derivative, a styrene, a styrene derivative, and an epoxy resin.
  • the liquid crystal material further comprises a photoinitiator, and the photoinitiator has a mass percentage of 0.1% to 0.5%.
  • the photoinitiator includes a combination of one or more of azobisisobutyronitrile, a dioxane compound, a peroxide diacyl compound, and a peroxy lipid compound.
  • the liquid crystal molecule 31 is a negative dielectric anisotropic liquid crystal compound
  • the negative dielectric anisotropic liquid crystal compound includes one or more of the following compounds:
  • the present invention further provides a method for fabricating a liquid crystal display panel, including the following steps:
  • Step 1 please refer to FIG. 2, providing an upper substrate 1, a lower substrate 2, and a liquid crystal material;
  • the upper substrate 1 includes a first substrate 11 and a first electrode 12 disposed on the first substrate 11;
  • the lower substrate 2 includes a second substrate 21, and a second electrode 22 disposed on the second substrate 21;
  • the liquid crystal material includes liquid crystal molecules 31, a vertical alignment agent 32, and a polymerizable monomer (RM) 33;
  • the vertical alignment agent 32 includes one or more of the following compounds:
  • the polymerizable monomer 33 includes one or more of an acrylate, an acrylate derivative, a methacrylate, a methacrylate derivative, a styrene, a styrene derivative, and an epoxy resin.
  • the mass percentage of the liquid crystal molecules 31 is 94.0% to 98.6%
  • the mass percentage of the vertical alignment agent 32 is 1.0% to 5.0%
  • the mass percentage of the polymerizable monomer 33 is 0.3% to 0.5%.
  • the liquid crystal material further comprises a photoinitiator, and the photoinitiator has a mass percentage of 0.1% to 0.5%.
  • the photoinitiator includes a combination of one or more of azobisisobutyronitrile, a dioxane compound, a peroxide diacyl compound, and a peroxy lipid compound.
  • the upper substrate 1 and the lower substrate 2 are a TFT substrate and a CF substrate, respectively;
  • the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 22 are a pixel electrode and a common electrode, respectively.
  • Step 2 referring to FIG. 2, a liquid crystal material is dripped on the upper substrate 1 or the lower substrate 2, and a sealant 4 is applied to a peripheral position of the lower substrate 2 or the upper substrate 1, and then the upper substrate 1 is applied. Laminating with the lower substrate 2 and curing the sealant 4;
  • a portion of the vertical alignment agent 32 of the liquid crystal material is adsorbed on the upper substrate 1 and the lower substrate 2 to be in an adsorption saturation state, and is arranged perpendicular to the upper substrate 1 and the lower substrate 2, thereby guiding the liquid crystal molecules 31 perpendicular to the
  • the substrate 1 and the lower substrate 2 are arranged in series; the other portion of the vertical alignment agent 32 is free in the liquid crystal material.
  • a conductive paste (not shown) is also applied to the periphery of the sealant 40.
  • the upper substrate 1 and the lower substrate 2 are assembled in a vacuum environment.
  • the sealant 40 is cured by heating or ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation.
  • Step 3 as shown in FIG. 3, a voltage is applied to both sides of the liquid crystal material through the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 21 to deflect the liquid crystal molecules 31, and are arranged at a certain inclination angle with the upper substrate 1 and the lower substrate 2. .
  • the liquid crystal material is irradiated with a first ultraviolet light from the side of the upper substrate 1 or the lower substrate 2 to cause a polymerization reaction between the vertical alignment agent 32 and the polymerizable monomer 33 in the liquid crystal material.
  • the film 42, the first polymer film 41 and the second polymer film 42 each have a rough surface.
  • the voltage applied to both sides of the liquid crystal material is 13 to 25V.
  • the ultraviolet light has an illuminance of 85 to 100 mW/cm 2 and an irradiation time of 20 to 30 min.
  • Step 4 as shown in FIG. 5, after the voltage is applied to both sides of the liquid crystal layer 3, the first Both the polymer film 41 and the second polymer film 42 have rough surfaces to maintain the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules 31 adjacent to the first polymer film 41 and the second polymer film 42 in a steric manner, away from the first polymer.
  • the liquid crystal molecules 31 of the film 41 and the second polymer film 42 are restored to be vertically aligned;
  • the liquid crystal material is irradiated with a second ultraviolet light from the side of the upper substrate 1 or the lower substrate 2, and the vertical alignment agent 32 remaining in the liquid crystal material is polymerized with the polymerizable monomer 33 to form a polymer and deposited.
  • the liquid crystal material 3 from which the vertical alignment agent 32 and the polymerizable monomer 33 are removed constitutes the liquid crystal layer 3, and the production of the liquid crystal display panel is completed.
  • the ultraviolet light has an illuminance of 85 to 100 mW/cm 2 and an irradiation time of 90 to 120 min.
  • the liquid crystal material is irradiated with the first and second ultraviolet rays from the side of the upper substrate 1 (ie, the TFT substrate).
  • the TFT substrate has a higher light transmittance than the CF substrate, which can increase the transmittance of ultraviolet light and enhance the effect of ultraviolet light irradiation.
  • the present invention further provides a liquid crystal display panel including an upper substrate 1 , a lower substrate 2 , a liquid crystal layer 3 disposed between the upper and lower substrates 1 , 2 , and a substrate 1 disposed on the upper substrate 1 .
  • the upper substrate 1 includes a first substrate 11, and a first electrode 12 disposed on the first substrate 11;
  • the lower substrate 2 includes a second substrate 21, and a second electrode 22 disposed on the second substrate 21;
  • the liquid crystal layer 3 includes liquid crystal molecules 31; the liquid crystal molecules 31 in the liquid crystal layer 3 adjacent to the first polymer film 41 and the second polymer film 42 and the upper substrate 1 and the lower substrate 2 are constant An arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules 31 in the liquid crystal layer 3 away from the first polymer film 41 and the second polymer film 42 is perpendicular to the upper substrate 1 and the lower substrate 2;
  • the first polymer film 41 and the second polymer film 42 each have a rough surface, and are each formed by polymerizing the polymerizable monomer 33 and the vertical alignment agent 32;
  • the vertical alignment agent 32 includes one or more of the following compounds:
  • the thickness of the first polymer film 41 and the second polymer film 42 is 7 is a scanning electron micrograph of the surface morphology of the first polymer film 41 and the second polymer film 42.
  • the first polymer film 41 and the second polymer film 42 have both Rough surface.
  • the rough surfaces of the first polymer film 41 and the second polymer film 42 each include a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of concave portions, and the height difference between the adjacent convex portions and the concave portions is
  • the polymerizable monomer 33 includes one or more of an acrylate, an acrylate derivative, a methacrylate, a methacrylate derivative, a styrene, a styrene derivative, and an epoxy resin.
  • the liquid crystal display panel further includes a sealant 40 disposed between the upper substrate 1 and the lower substrate 2 and located at a peripheral position.
  • the liquid crystal display panel further includes a conductive paste (not shown) located at a periphery of the sealant 40.
  • the upper substrate 1 and the lower substrate 2 are a TFT substrate and a CF substrate, respectively;
  • the first electrode 12 and the second electrode 22 are a pixel electrode and a common electrode, respectively.
  • the present invention provides a liquid crystal material, a method of fabricating a liquid crystal display panel, and a liquid crystal display panel.
  • the liquid crystal material of the present invention comprises liquid crystal molecules, a polymerizable monomer and a vertical alignment agent, and the polymerizable monomer and the vertical alignment agent can be polymerized under ultraviolet light to form a polymer, which is deposited on the substrate to form Replacing the polymer film of the alignment film simplifies the alignment process of the liquid crystal and saves cost.
  • the manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display panel of the invention eliminates the alignment film process, has simple process and low production cost.
  • the liquid crystal display panel of the present invention uses a polymer film obtained by polymerizing a polymerizable monomer and a vertical alignment agent to replace the alignment film, thereby achieving the purpose of liquid crystal alignment and preventing diffusion of impurity ions in the TFT substrate and the CF substrate.
  • the quality of the panel is greatly improved, and the manufacturing cost is low.

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Abstract

一种液晶材料、液晶显示面板的制作方法、及液晶显示面板。该液晶材料包含液晶分子(31)、可聚合单体(33)和垂直取向剂(32)，所述可聚合单体(33)和垂直取向剂(32)在紫外光照射下可发生聚合反应，生成聚合物，沉积于基板(1,2)上，形成可取代配向膜的聚合物薄膜(41,42)，简化了液晶的配向制程，节约成本。该液晶显示面板的制作方法省去了配向膜制程，制程简单，生产成本低。该液晶显示面板，采用由可聚合单体(33)和垂直取向剂(32)聚合得到的聚合物薄膜(41,42)来取代配向膜，既达到了液晶配向的目的，又能够防止TFT基板(1)和CF基板(2)中的杂质离子扩散到液晶层(3)中，大大提高了面板的品质，且制作成本低。

Description

液晶材料、液晶显示面板的制作方法、及液晶显示面板 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种液晶材料、液晶显示面板的制作方法、及液晶显示面板。
背景技术
随着显示技术的发展，液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)等平面显示装置因具有高画质、省电、机身薄及应用范围广等优点，而被广泛的应用于手机、电视、个人数字助理、数字相机、笔记本电脑、台式计算机等各种消费性电子产品，成为显示装置中的主流。
现有市场上的液晶显示装置大部分为背光型液晶显示器，其包括液晶显示面板及背光模组(backlight module)。液晶显示面板的工作原理是在两片平行的玻璃基板当中放置液晶分子，两片玻璃基板中间有许多垂直和水平的细小电线，通过通电与否来控制液晶分子改变方向，将背光模组的光线折射出来产生画面。
通常液晶显示面板由彩膜(CF，Color Filter)基板、薄膜晶体管(TFT，Thin Film Transistor)基板、夹于彩膜基板与薄膜晶体管基板之间的液晶(LC，Liquid Crystal)及密封胶框(Sealant)组成。
在液晶显示器的CF基板和TFT基板上，分别有一层薄膜材料，其主要作用是使液晶分子按一定方向排列，我们称之为配向膜(常用聚酰亚胺(PI)材料)。这种配相膜的主要成分为摩擦配向型PI材料或光配向型PI材料，但是，无论那种配向材料都会有各自的缺点。首先摩擦配向型PI材料容易造成粉尘颗粒、静电残留、刷痕等问题，从而降低工艺良率，而光配向型PI材料虽然可以避免这些问题，但由于材料特性受限，耐热性和耐老化性不佳，同时锚定LC分子的能力也较弱，从而影响面板的品质；其次，PI材料本身就具有高极性和高吸水性，存储和运送容易造成变质而导致配向不均，并且PI材料价格昂贵，在TFT-LCD上成膜的工艺也较为复杂，导致面板成本提高。那么在TFT-LCD中，如果能够在省去PI膜的情况下，还能使液晶分子排列，这将会大大降低生产面板的成本。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种液晶材料，包含液晶分子、可聚合单体和 垂直取向剂，所述可聚合单体和垂直取向剂可发生聚合反应，生成聚合物，沉积于基板上，形成可取代配向膜的聚合物薄膜，简化了液晶的配向制程，节约成本。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种液晶显示面板的制作方法，省去了配向膜制程，制程简单，生产成本低。
本发明的又一目的在于提供一种液晶显示面板，采用由可聚合单体和垂直取向剂聚合得到的聚合物薄膜来取代配向膜，既达到了液晶配向的目的，又能够防止TFT基板和CF基板中的杂质离子扩散到液晶层中，大大提高了面板的品质，且制作成本低。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种液晶材料，包括液晶分子、垂直取向剂、及可聚合单体；
所述垂直取向剂包括以下化合物中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2016081972-appb-000001
所述液晶分子的质量百分比为94.0％～98.6％，所述垂直取向剂的质量百分比为1.0％～5.0％，所述可聚合单体的质量百分比为0.3％～0.5％；
所述可聚合单体包括丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯衍生物、甲基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯衍生物、苯乙烯、苯乙烯衍生物、及环氧树脂中的一种或多种的组合。
所述液晶材料还包括光引发剂，所述光引发剂的质量百分比为0.1％～0.5％，所述光引发剂包括偶氮二异丁腈、过氧化二烷类化合物、过氧化二酰类化合物以及过氧化脂类化合物的一种或多种的组合。
本发明还提供一种液晶显示面板的制作方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1、提供一上基板、一下基板、及液晶材料；
所述上基板包括第一基板、及设于第一基板上的第一电极；所述下基板包括第二基板、及设于第二基板上的第二电极；
所述液晶材料包括液晶分子、垂直取向剂、及可聚合单体；
所述垂直取向剂包括以下化合物中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2016081972-appb-000002
步骤2、在所述上基板或者下基板上滴注液晶材料，在所述下基板或者上基板的周边位置涂布密封胶，之后将所述上基板与下基板组立贴合，并对所述密封胶进行固化；
所述液晶材料中的一部分垂直取向剂吸附于所述上基板和下基板上达到吸附饱和状态，并垂直于所述上基板和下基板排列，从而引导液晶分子垂直于所述上基板和下基板排列；另一部分垂直取向剂游离在液晶材料中；
步骤3、通过第一电极和第二电极对液晶材料两侧施加电压，使液晶分子发生偏转，与所述上基板和下基板之间呈一定倾角排列；
从所述上基板或下基板一侧对液晶材料进行第一次紫外光照射，使所述液晶材料中的垂直取向剂与可聚合单体发生聚合反应，生成聚合物，所述聚合物沉积在所述上基板上朝向液晶材料的一侧形成第一聚合物薄膜，同时沉积在所述下基板上朝向液晶材料的一侧形成第二聚合物薄膜，所述第一聚合物薄膜与第二聚合物薄膜均具有粗糙表面；
步骤4、停止对液晶层两侧施加电压后，由于所述第一聚合物薄膜与第二聚合物薄膜均具有粗糙表面，从而以立体障碍的方式使靠近第一聚合物薄膜和第二聚合物薄膜的液晶分子保持其倾角，远离第一聚合物薄膜和第二聚合物薄膜的液晶分子恢复垂直排列；
从所述上基板或下基板一侧对液晶材料进行第二次紫外光照射，使所述液晶材料中残留的垂直取向剂与可聚合单体发生聚合反应，生成聚合物，沉积在第一聚合物薄膜和第二聚合物薄膜上；
去除垂直取向剂与可聚合单体的液晶材料构成液晶层，完成液晶显示面板的制作。
所述液晶材料中，所述液晶分子的质量百分比为94.0％～98.6％，所述垂直取向剂的质量百分比为1.0％～5.0％，所述可聚合单体的质量百分比为 0.3％～0.5％；
所述可聚合单体包括丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯衍生物、甲基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯衍生物、苯乙烯、苯乙烯衍生物、及环氧树脂中的一种或多种的组合。
所述液晶材料还包括光引发剂，所述光引发剂的质量百分比为0.1％～0.5％，所述光引发剂包括偶氮二异丁腈、过氧化二烷类化合物、过氧化二酰类化合物以及过氧化脂类化合物的一种或多种的组合。
所述步骤3中，对液晶材料两侧施加的电压大小为13～25V；
所述步骤3的第一次紫外光照射中，所述紫外光的照度为85～100mW/cm2，照射时间为20～30min；
所述步骤4的第二次紫外光照射中，所述紫外光的照度为85～100mW/cm2，照射时间为90～120min。
所述步骤1中，所述上基板与下基板分别为TFT基板和CF基板；所述第一电极与第二电极分别为像素电极与公共电极；
所述步骤3和步骤4中，从所述上基板一侧对所述液晶材料进行第一次与第二次紫外光照射。
本发明还提供一种液晶显示面板，包括相对设置的上基板、下基板、设于上、下基板之间的液晶层、设于所述上基板朝向液晶层一侧表面的第一聚合物薄膜、及设于所述下基板朝向液晶层一侧表面的第二聚合物薄膜；所述上基板包括第一基板、及设于第一基板上的第一电极；所述下基板包括第二基板、及设于第二基板上的第二电极；
所述液晶层包括液晶分子；所述液晶层中靠近所述第一聚合物薄膜和第二聚合物薄膜的液晶分子与所述上基板和下基板之间呈一定倾角排列；所述液晶层中远离所述第一聚合物薄膜和第二聚合物薄膜的液晶分子垂直于所述上基板和下基板排列；
所述第一聚合物薄膜与第二聚合物薄膜均具有粗糙表面，且均由可聚合单体与垂直取向剂聚合而成；
所述垂直取向剂包括以下化合物中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2016081972-appb-000003
所述可聚合单体包括丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯衍生物、甲基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯衍生物、苯乙烯、苯乙烯衍生物、及环氧树脂中的一种或多种的组合；所述第一聚合物薄膜与第二聚合物薄膜的厚度为
Figure PCTCN2016081972-appb-000004
本发明的有益效果：本发明的液晶材料，包含液晶分子、可聚合单体和垂直取向剂，所述可聚合单体和垂直取向剂在紫外光照射下可发生聚合反应，生成聚合物，沉积于基板上，形成可取代配向膜的聚合物薄膜，简化了液晶的配向制程，节约成本。本发明的液晶显示面板的制作方法，省去了配向膜制程，制程简单，生产成本低。本发明的液晶显示面板，采用由可聚合单体和垂直取向剂聚合得到的聚合物薄膜来取代配向膜，既达到了液晶配向的目的，又能够防止TFT基板和CF基板中的杂质离子扩散到液晶层中，大大提高了面板的品质，且制作成本低。
为了能更进一步了解本发明的特征以及技术内容，请参阅以下有关本发明的详细说明与附图，然而附图仅提供参考与说明用，并非用来对本发明加以限制。
附图说明
下面结合附图，通过对本发明的具体实施方式详细描述，将使本发明的技术方案及其它有益效果显而易见。
附图中，
图1为本发明的液晶显示面板的制作方法的示意流程图；
图2为本发明的液晶显示面板的制作方法的步骤1-2的示意图；
图3-4为本发明的液晶显示面板的制作方法的步骤3的示意图；
图5为本发明的液晶显示面板的制作方法的步骤4的示意图；
图6为本发明的液晶显示面板的制作方法制得的液晶显示面板的结构示意图；
图7为图6的液晶显示面板中的第一与第二聚合物薄膜的表面形貌的扫描电镜示意图。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明所采取的技术手段及其效果，以下结合本发明的优选实施例及其附图进行详细描述。
请参阅图2，本发明提供一种液晶材料，包括液晶分子31、垂直取向剂32、及可聚合单体(RM)33；
所述垂直取向剂32包括以下化合物中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2016081972-appb-000005
具体的，所述液晶材料中，液晶分子31的质量百分比为94.0％～98.6％，所述垂直取向剂32的质量百分比为1.0％～5.0％，所述可聚合单体33的质量百分比为0.3％～0.5％。
具体的，所述可聚合单体33包括丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯衍生物、甲基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯衍生物、苯乙烯、苯乙烯衍生物、及环氧树脂中的一种或多种的组合；其中，所述环氧树脂可以为脂肪胺类环氧树脂。
优选的，所述液晶材料还包括光引发剂，所述光引发剂的质量百分比为0.1％～0.5％。
具体的，所述光引发剂(Initiator)包括偶氮二异丁腈、过氧化二烷类化合物、过氧化二酰类化合物以及过氧化脂类化合物的一种或多种的组合。
具体的，所述液晶分子31为负介电各向异性液晶化合物，所述负介电各向异性液晶化合物包括以下化合物中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2016081972-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2016081972-appb-000007
请参阅图1，本发明还提供一种液晶显示面板的制作方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1、请参阅图2，提供一上基板1、一下基板2、及液晶材料；
所述上基板1包括第一基板11、及设于第一基板11上的第一电极12；所述下基板2包括第二基板21、及设于第二基板21上的第二电极22；
所述液晶材料包括液晶分子31、垂直取向剂32、及可聚合单体(RM)33；
所述垂直取向剂32包括以下化合物中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2016081972-appb-000008
具体的，所述可聚合单体33包括丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯衍生物、甲基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯衍生物、苯乙烯、苯乙烯衍生物、及环氧树脂中的一种或多种的组合；其中，所述环氧树脂可以为脂肪胺类环氧树脂。
具体的，所述液晶材料中，所述液晶分子31的质量百分比为 94.0％～98.6％，所述垂直取向剂32的质量百分比为1.0％～5.0％，所述可聚合单体33的质量百分比为0.3％～0.5％。
优选的，所述液晶材料还包括光引发剂，所述光引发剂的质量百分比为0.1％～0.5％。
具体的，所述光引发剂(Initiator)包括偶氮二异丁腈、过氧化二烷类化合物、过氧化二酰类化合物以及过氧化脂类化合物的一种或多种的组合。
具体的，所述上基板1与下基板2分别为TFT基板和CF基板；所述第一电极12与第二电极22分别为像素电极与公共电极。
步骤2、请参阅图2，在所述上基板1或者下基板2上滴注液晶材料，在所述下基板2或者上基板1的周边位置涂布密封胶4，之后将所述上基板1与下基板2组立贴合，并对所述密封胶4进行固化；
所述液晶材料中的一部分垂直取向剂32吸附于所述上基板1和下基板2上达到吸附饱和状态，并垂直于所述上基板1和下基板2排列，从而引导液晶分子31垂直于所述上基板1和下基板2排列；另一部分垂直取向剂32游离在液晶材料中。
优选的，所述步骤2中，在所述下基板2或者上基板1的周边位置涂布密封胶40后，还在所述密封胶40的外围涂布导电胶(未图示)。
优选的，所述步骤2中，在真空环境下将所述上基板1与下基板2组立贴合。
具体的，所述步骤2中，采用加热或紫外(UV)光照射的方法对所述密封胶40进行固化。
步骤3、如图3所示，通过第一电极11和第二电极21对液晶材料两侧施加电压，使液晶分子31发生偏转，与所述上基板1和下基板2之间呈一定倾角排列。
如图4所示，从所述上基板1或下基板2一侧对液晶材料进行第一次紫外光照射，使所述液晶材料中的垂直取向剂32与可聚合单体33发生聚合反应，生成聚合物，所述聚合物沉积在所述上基板1上朝向液晶材料的一侧形成第一聚合物薄膜41，同时沉积在所述下基板2上朝向液晶材料的一侧形成第二聚合物薄膜42，所述第一聚合物薄膜41与第二聚合物薄膜42均具有粗糙表面。
具体的，所述步骤3中，对液晶材料两侧施加的电压大小为13～25V。
具体的，所述第一次紫外光照射中，所述紫外光的照度为85～100mW/cm2，照射时间为20～30min。
步骤4、如图5所示，停止对液晶层3两侧施加电压后，由于所述第一 聚合物薄膜41与第二聚合物薄膜42均具有粗糙表面，从而以立体障碍的方式使靠近第一聚合物薄膜41和第二聚合物薄膜42的液晶分子31保持其倾角，远离第一聚合物薄膜41和第二聚合物薄膜42的液晶分子31恢复垂直排列；
从所述上基板1或下基板2一侧对液晶材料进行第二次紫外光照射，使所述液晶材料中残留的垂直取向剂32与可聚合单体33发生聚合反应，生成聚合物，沉积在第一聚合物薄膜41和第二聚合物薄膜42上；
如图6所示，去除垂直取向剂32与可聚合单体33的液晶材料构成液晶层3，完成液晶显示面板的制作。
具体的，所述第二次紫外光照射中，所述紫外光的照度为85～100mW/cm2，照射时间为90～120min。
优选的，所述步骤3和步骤4中，从所述上基板1(即TFT基板)一侧对所述液晶材料进行第一次与第二次紫外光照射。这是因为TFT基板相较于CF基板具有更高的透光率，可提高紫外光的透过率，提升紫外光照射的效果。
请参阅图6，本发明还提供一种液晶显示面板，包括相对设置的上基板1、下基板2、设于上、下基板1、2之间的液晶层3、设于所述上基板1朝向液晶层3一侧表面的第一聚合物薄膜41、及设于所述下基板2朝向液晶层3一侧表面的第二聚合物薄膜42；所述上基板1包括第一基板11、及设于第一基板11上的第一电极12；所述下基板2包括第二基板21、及设于第二基板21上的第二电极22；
所述液晶层3包括液晶分子31；所述液晶层3中靠近所述第一聚合物薄膜41和第二聚合物薄膜42的液晶分子31与所述上基板1和下基板2之间呈一定倾角排列；所述液晶层3中远离所述第一聚合物薄膜41和第二聚合物薄膜42的液晶分子31垂直于所述上基板1和下基板2排列；
所述第一聚合物薄膜41与第二聚合物薄膜42均具有粗糙表面，且均由可聚合单体33与垂直取向剂32聚合而成；
所述垂直取向剂32包括以下化合物中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2016081972-appb-000009
具体的，所述第一聚合物薄膜41与第二聚合物薄膜42的厚度为
Figure PCTCN2016081972-appb-000010
图7为所述第一聚合物薄膜41与第二聚合物薄膜42的表面形貌的扫描电镜示意图，从图7中可见，所述第一聚合物薄膜41与第二聚合物薄膜42均具有粗糙表面。具体的，所述第一聚合物薄膜41与第二聚合物薄膜42的粗糙表面均包括多个凸起部与多个凹陷部，相邻的凸起部与凹陷部的高度差为
Figure PCTCN2016081972-appb-000011
具体的，所述可聚合单体33包括丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯衍生物、甲基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯衍生物、苯乙烯、苯乙烯衍生物、及环氧树脂中的一种或多种的组合；其中，所述环氧树脂可以为脂肪胺类环氧树脂。
具体的，所述液晶显示面板还包括设于所述上基板1与下基板2之间且位于周边位置的密封胶40。优选的，所述液晶显示面板还包括位于所述密封胶40的外围的导电胶(未图示)。
具体的，所述上基板1与下基板2分别为TFT基板和CF基板；所述第一电极12与第二电极22分别为像素电极与公共电极。
综上所述，本发明提供一种液晶材料、液晶显示面板的制作方法、及液晶显示面板。本发明的液晶材料，包含液晶分子、可聚合单体和垂直取向剂，所述可聚合单体和垂直取向剂在紫外光照射下可发生聚合反应，生成聚合物，沉积于基板上，形成可取代配向膜的聚合物薄膜，简化了液晶的配向制程，节约成本。本发明的液晶显示面板的制作方法，省去了配向膜制程，制程简单，生产成本低。本发明的液晶显示面板，采用由可聚合单体和垂直取向剂聚合得到的聚合物薄膜来取代配向膜，既达到了液晶配向的目的，又能够防止TFT基板和CF基板中的杂质离子扩散到液晶层中，大大提高了面板的品质，且制作成本低。
以上所述，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，可以根据本发明的技术方案和技术构思作出其他各种相应的改变和变形，而所有这些改变和变形 都应属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种液晶材料，包括液晶分子、垂直取向剂、及可聚合单体；
    所述垂直取向剂包括以下化合物中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2016081972-appb-100001
  2. 如权利要求1所述的液晶材料，其中，所述液晶材料中，所述液晶分子的质量百分比为94.0％～98.6％，所述垂直取向剂的质量百分比为1.0％～5.0％，所述可聚合单体的质量百分比为0.3％～0.5％；
    所述可聚合单体包括丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯衍生物、甲基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯衍生物、苯乙烯、苯乙烯衍生物、及环氧树脂中的一种或多种的组合。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的液晶材料，所述液晶材料还包括光引发剂，所述光引发剂的质量百分比为0.1％～0.5％，所述光引发剂包括偶氮二异丁腈、过氧化二烷类化合物、过氧化二酰类化合物以及过氧化脂类化合物的一种或多种的组合。
  4. 一种液晶显示面板的制作方法，包括以下步骤：
    步骤1、提供一上基板、一下基板、及液晶材料；
    所述上基板包括第一基板、及设于第一基板上的第一电极；所述下基板包括第二基板、及设于第二基板上的第二电极；
    所述液晶材料包括液晶分子、垂直取向剂、及可聚合单体；
    所述垂直取向剂包括以下化合物中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2016081972-appb-100002
    步骤2、在所述上基板或者下基板上滴注液晶材料，在所述下基板或者上基板的周边位置涂布密封胶，之后将所述上基板与下基板组立贴合，并对所述密封胶进行固化；
    所述液晶材料中的一部分垂直取向剂吸附于所述上基板和下基板上达到吸附饱和状态，并垂直于所述上基板和下基板排列，从而引导液晶分子垂直于所述上基板和下基板排列；另一部分垂直取向剂游离在液晶材料中；
    步骤3、通过第一电极和第二电极对液晶材料两侧施加电压，使液晶分子发生偏转，与所述上基板和下基板之间呈一定倾角排列；
    从所述上基板或下基板一侧对液晶材料进行第一次紫外光照射，使所述液晶材料中的垂直取向剂与可聚合单体发生聚合反应，生成聚合物，所述聚合物沉积在所述上基板上朝向液晶材料的一侧形成第一聚合物薄膜，同时沉积在所述下基板上朝向液晶材料的一侧形成第二聚合物薄膜，所述第一聚合物薄膜与第二聚合物薄膜均具有粗糙表面；
    步骤4、停止对液晶层两侧施加电压后，由于所述第一聚合物薄膜与第二聚合物薄膜均具有粗糙表面，从而以立体障碍的方式使靠近第一聚合物薄膜和第二聚合物薄膜的液晶分子保持其倾角，远离第一聚合物薄膜和第二聚合物薄膜的液晶分子恢复垂直排列；
    从所述上基板或下基板一侧对液晶材料进行第二次紫外光照射，使所述液晶材料中残留的垂直取向剂与可聚合单体发生聚合反应，生成聚合物，沉积在第一聚合物薄膜和第二聚合物薄膜上；
    去除垂直取向剂与可聚合单体的液晶材料构成液晶层，完成液晶显示面板的制作。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的液晶显示面板的制作方法，其中，所述液晶材料中，所述液晶分子的质量百分比为94.0％～98.6％，所述垂直取向剂的质量百分比为1.0％～5.0％，所述可聚合单体的质量百分比为0.3％～0.5％；
    所述可聚合单体包括丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯衍生物、甲基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯衍生物、苯乙烯、苯乙烯衍生物、及环氧树脂中的一种或多种的组合。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的液晶显示面板的制作方法，其中，所述液晶材料还包括光引发剂，所述光引发剂的质量百分比为0.1％～0.5％，所述光引发剂包括偶氮二异丁腈、过氧化二烷类化合物、过氧化二酰类化合物以及过氧化脂类化合物的一种或多种的组合。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的液晶显示面板的制作方法，其中，所述步骤3中，对液晶材料两侧施加的电压大小为13～25V；
    所述步骤3的第一次紫外光照射中，所述紫外光的照度为85～100mW/cm2，照射时间为20～30min；
    所述步骤4的第二次紫外光照射中，所述紫外光的照度为85～100mW/cm2，照射时间为90～120min。
  8. 如权利要求4所述的液晶显示面板的制作方法，其中，所述步骤1中，所述上基板与下基板分别为TFT基板和CF基板；所述第一电极与第二电极分别为像素电极与公共电极；
    所述步骤3和步骤4中，从所述上基板一侧对所述液晶材料进行第一次与第二次紫外光照射。
  9. 一种液晶显示面板，包括相对设置的上基板、下基板、设于上、下基板之间的液晶层、设于所述上基板朝向液晶层一侧表面的第一聚合物薄膜、及设于所述下基板朝向液晶层一侧表面的第二聚合物薄膜；所述上基板包括第一基板、及设于第一基板上的第一电极；所述下基板包括第二基板、及设于第二基板上的第二电极；
    所述液晶层包括液晶分子；所述液晶层中靠近所述第一聚合物薄膜和第二聚合物薄膜的液晶分子与所述上基板和下基板之间呈一定倾角排列；所述液晶层中远离所述第一聚合物薄膜和第二聚合物薄膜的液晶分子垂直于所述上基板和下基板排列；
    所述第一聚合物薄膜与第二聚合物薄膜均具有粗糙表面，且均由可聚合单体与垂直取向剂聚合而成；
    所述垂直取向剂包括以下化合物中的一种或多种：
    Figure PCTCN2016081972-appb-100003
  10. 如权利要求9所述的液晶显示面板，其中，所述可聚合单体包括丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯衍生物、甲基丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸酯衍生物、苯乙烯、苯乙烯衍生物、及环氧树脂中的一种或多种的组合；所述第一聚合物薄膜与第二聚合物薄膜的厚度为
    Figure PCTCN2016081972-appb-100004
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