WO2017177933A1 - 变速装置 - Google Patents

变速装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017177933A1
WO2017177933A1 PCT/CN2017/080343 CN2017080343W WO2017177933A1 WO 2017177933 A1 WO2017177933 A1 WO 2017177933A1 CN 2017080343 W CN2017080343 W CN 2017080343W WO 2017177933 A1 WO2017177933 A1 WO 2017177933A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cam
cam members
gear
bases
shifting device
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PCT/CN2017/080343
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘德恩
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刘德恩
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Application filed by 刘德恩 filed Critical 刘德恩
Publication of WO2017177933A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017177933A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
    • F16H37/12—Gearings comprising primarily toothed or friction gearing, links or levers, and cams, or members of at least two of these types
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/02—Gearboxes; Mounting gearing therein
    • F16H57/023—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly
    • F16H2057/0235—Mounting or installation of gears or shafts in the gearboxes, e.g. methods or means for assembly specially adapted to allow easy accessibility and repair

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of mechanical equipment, and more particularly to a shifting device.
  • the general shifting device can regulate the acceleration or deceleration of a mechanism, mainly through the gear ratio to achieve acceleration or deceleration, but to achieve a large deceleration or acceleration ratio, the volume of the shifting device will be relatively increased, which does not meet the actual use requirements. Therefore, a shifting device with a large deceleration or acceleration ratio at a specific volume is born.
  • the plurality of cam members are directly fixed to the mandrel, and if one of the cams fails or the number of the plurality of cam members needs to be adjusted, the plurality of cam members are replaced with the mandrel.
  • the internal and external gears have a large friction between the internal and external gears, which also affects the transmission of power.
  • the operation between the cam member of the known shifting device and the internal gear, the internal gear and the external gear may result in poor conversion efficiency and insufficient accuracy due to insufficient rigidity of the internal gear or a mechanism without auxiliary actuation.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a shifting device which can improve the conversion efficiency, the accuracy of the operation and the stability of the force, and is convenient and quick to disassemble and can adjust the internal mechanism according to the demand.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • the present invention provides a shifting device comprising: an outer ring member having at least one external gear therein; a spindle pivotally disposed coaxially with the at least one external gear on the outer ring member, having a central axis and having an outer circumference a plurality of cam members respectively detachably sleeved on the plurality of cam joints to rotate synchronously with the mandrel, at least two of the plurality of cam members having an angular phase difference of a value other than zero;
  • the plurality of internal gears are rigid materials that are respectively sleeved on the plurality of cam members and do not rotate with the plurality of cam members, respectively meshing with the at least one external gear portion.
  • Each of the cam joints includes at least one axial tangential plane, and each of the cam members has a sleeve hole penetrating and shaped to correspond to the outer shape of the cam joint.
  • Each of the cam members includes a set of cam members connected to one of the cam joints and a set of inner bottles set to the cam members, each of the inner gear sets being disposed in one of the inner bottles.
  • Each of the cam members and the corresponding inner lining has a perfect shape and is closely attached to each other.
  • the mandrel is provided with an axial tangential plane
  • each of the cam members has a through sleeve hole
  • the hole wall of each sleeve hole is provided with an axial abutting plane abutting the axial tangential plane, the axial direction
  • At least two of the abutment planes have an angular phase difference that is not zero.
  • the shifting device further includes a plurality of auxiliary cam members, each of the auxiliary cam members including a shaft member pivotally mounted to the outer ring member, an auxiliary cam member that is coupled to the shaft member and a set of An auxiliary lining of the auxiliary cam member, wherein each of the internal gears has a set of central holes provided in one of the cam members and a plurality of perforations disposed around the central hole, and the plurality of auxiliary cam members are respectively disposed in the plural The perforations, each of the perforated sets are in the same orientation as the working surface of the cam member relative to the plurality of auxiliary cam members of the same internal gear.
  • the shifting device further includes a plurality of pillars fixed to the outer ring member, wherein each of the inner gears is further provided with a plurality of arc guiding grooves disposed around the central hole, and each of the arc guiding grooves is sleeved on One of the pillars has a ring clearance therebetween.
  • the tooth portion of at least one of the external gear and the internal gear is a multi-arc tooth, and the multi-arc tooth is composed of a plurality of arcs continuously connected and having different radius of curvature, the external gear and the Each tooth portion that the internal gear meshes with is a sliding tangential contact.
  • Each of the outer gear rings is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the outer peripheral surface of each of the outer gears is further radially disposed with a plurality of narrow grooves, and the through holes are communicated with one of the narrow grooves, the plurality A gap is formed between the gear and the outer ring member, and a lubricating substance is further disposed between the outer ring member and the plurality of cam members.
  • Each of the cam joints includes a four-axis tangential plane, the four axial tangential planes are diametrically opposed to each other, and each of the cam members has a sleeve hole penetrating and corresponding in shape to the outer shape of the cam joint portion; each of the cams
  • the component includes a set of cam members connected to one of the cam joints and a set of inner linings assembled to the cam member, the inner gear sets being disposed in one of the inner linings; each of the convex portions
  • the shape of the wheel member and the corresponding inner tube are round and closely attached;
  • the tooth portion of at least one of the outer gear and the inner gear is a multi-arc tooth, and the multi-arc tooth is composed of plural
  • the arcs are continuously connected and have different radius of curvature, and the teeth of the external gear meshing with the internal gear are in a sliding tangential contact; each of the cam members has a through hole, each of the sleeves The hole wall is closely attached to the corresponding cam joint
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that the plurality of internal gears of the invention are simultaneously actuated and supplemented by the plurality of auxiliary cam components, thereby improving the accuracy and stability of the shifting device and improving the service life of the shifting device.
  • the shifting device has excellent kinetic energy utilization and is quick and easy to disassemble and adjust components.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is an exploded view of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 5 and 6 are enlarged views of a multi-arc tooth according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 and 10 are schematic views of a cam member according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the shifting device 1 of the present invention includes an outer ring member 2, a mandrel 3, a plurality of cam members 5, and a plurality of internal gears 6.
  • the inside of the outer ring member 2 includes at least one external gear 21.
  • the mandrel 3 is pivotally disposed coaxially with the at least one external gear 21 on the outer ring member 2, the mandrel 3 having a central axis 30 and having a plurality of cam coupling portions 31 on its outer circumference.
  • the plurality of cam members 5 are detachably sleeved to the plurality of cam joints 31, and rotate in synchronization with the mandrel 3, at least two of the plurality of cam members 5 having an angular phase difference of a value other than zero.
  • the plurality of internal gears 6 are of a rigid material and are respectively sleeved on the plurality of cam members 5 and do not rotate with the plurality of cam members 5, and the plurality of internal gears 6 are partially meshed with the at least one external gear 21, respectively.
  • each of the cam members 5 of the shifting device 1 is detachably fixed to the mandrel 3, so that the cam members 5 can be individually replaced, and can be assembled at different angles according to requirements and can save cost.
  • the plurality of internal gears 6 are synchronously oscillated around the ring, and simultaneously drive the at least one external gear 21 to reduce the bearing force of each of the plurality of internal gears 6 and improve the conversion efficiency, accuracy, and stability of the shifting device 1.
  • the shifting device 1 further includes a plurality of auxiliary cam members 4 and a plurality of pillars 7 fixed to the outer ring member 2.
  • the strut 7 can improve the overall stability and structural strength of the shifting device 1.
  • Each of the auxiliary cam members 4 includes a shaft member pivotally mounted to the outer ring member 2 41.
  • the auxiliary cam member 42 of the shaft member 41 and the auxiliary rubber member 43 of the auxiliary cam member 42 are respectively slidably coupled to each other, wherein each of the internal gears 6 has a set of the cam member 5 disposed therein. a central hole 61 and a plurality of perforations 62 disposed around the central hole 61.
  • the plurality of auxiliary cam members 4 are respectively disposed in the plurality of perforations 62, and each of the perforations 62 is set in one of the auxiliary Paling 43, relative to the same
  • the plurality of auxiliary cam members 4 of one internal gear 6 have the same orientation as the working curved surface of the cam member 5, whereby each of the auxiliary cam members 4 can assist in stabilizing the operation of the external gear 21 and can enhance the transmission of force.
  • Each of the internal gears 6 is further provided with a plurality of arc guiding grooves 63 disposed around the central hole 61. Each of the arc guiding grooves 63 is sleeved on one of the supporting columns 7 and a ring clearance 71 exists between the two.
  • the internal gear 6 operates smoothly.
  • each of the cam joint portions 31 includes four (at least one) axial tangential planes 32, which are diametrically opposed to each other, and each of the cam members 5 preferably has a through-through portion. And the shape corresponds to the sleeve hole 53 of the outer shape of the cam joint portion 31.
  • Each of the cam members 5 includes a pair of cam members 52 connected to one of the cam joint portions 31 and a set of inner rubber sheets 55 assembled to the cam members 52.
  • Each of the inner gears 6 is set in one of the inner bottles. 55.
  • Each of the cam members 52 and the corresponding inner lining 55 has a perfect round shape and is closely attached to each other so that the force can be completely transmitted directly and the structural strength is enhanced to make the cam member 52 and the inner lining 55 less susceptible to damage.
  • the tooth portion of at least one of the external gear 21 and the internal gear 6 is a multi-arc tooth 64.
  • the external gear 21 and the internal gear 6 are multi-arc teeth 64, and the multi-arc The tooth 64 is composed of a plurality of arcs which are continuously connected and have mutually different radii of curvature, such that the teeth of the external gear 21 meshing with the internal gear 6 are in a sliding tangential contact, whereby friction can be reduced.
  • Each of the cam members 52 has a through-hole 35, and the wall of each of the sleeves 53 is sleeved to the corresponding cam joint portion 31.
  • the hole wall of each sleeve 53 is provided with a four-axis abutting plane 54.
  • the four-axis abutment plane 54 abuts the four-axis tangential plane 32 such that the mandrel 3 can drive the cam member 52 to rotate, and the plurality of cam members 52 are equiangularly (but not limited) sleeved on the core
  • the shaft 3 is such that the internal gears 6 are equally applied to different angular positions of the external gear 21.
  • the outer ring member 2 further includes two housings 24, two bases 25 and two bases of the base 26, each of the outer gears 21 is provided with a plurality of through holes 22, and the plurality of pins 27 are disposed through A plurality of the through holes 22 are inserted into the two housings 24 , and the plurality of fastening members 28 are disposed in the two housings 24 and the partial through holes 22 , and the two external gears 21 are disposed on the two housings 24 . Between the two The pedestal Palin 26 is respectively disposed on the two bases 25 and is located at two sides of the plurality of internal gears 6.
  • the two pedestal Palin 26 respectively abut between the two housings 24 and the two external gears 21,
  • the mandrel 3 passes through the two external gears 21, the two bases 25 and the two bases of the linings 26, and the plurality of struts 7 are detachably fixed to the two bases 25 for disassembly and assembly.
  • the two bases 25 can stably position the internal structure of the shifting device 1.
  • a leakage ring 29a is respectively disposed between the mandrel 3 and each of the bases 25, between the bases 25 and each of the housings 24, and between the two housings 24. 29b, 29c.
  • a plurality of narrow grooves 23 are formed in the outer peripheral surface of each of the outer gears 21 in a radial direction, and each of the through holes 22 communicates with one of the narrow grooves 23.
  • a gap 65 is formed between the plurality of internal gears 6 and each of the bases 25 to reduce friction.
  • a lubricating substance is further disposed between the outer ring member 2 and the plurality of cam members 5 and flows through the shifting device 1 to reduce friction between the components.
  • the leakage preventing ring can isolate the inside and the outside of the shifting device 1 to prevent leakage of the lubricating material or foreign matter.
  • the mandrel 3 rotates and drives the cam member 5 to rotate to move the internal gear 6 to the external gear 21 in a wobble manner, whereby the shifting device 1 has no additional gears.
  • a large reduction ratio, and the volume of the shifting device 1 can be controlled to a small range to meet the demand. If the external gear 21 is rotated to drive the internal gear 6 to swing around the ring and output from the mandrel 3, a large acceleration ratio can be obtained.
  • the shifting device 1a can be adjusted by changing the mandrel 3a of different lengths, the number of the internal gears 6a and the axial thickness of the external gear 21a (in other embodiments, it can also be adjusted according to requirements).
  • the number of the external gears is a better average of the internal gear 6a and the bearing force of the external gear 21a.
  • the sleeve hole 53c of the cam member 52c and the sleeve hole 53d of the cam member 52d may also have different radial length directions and positions, but the internal gear can be used. It can be operated stably with the external gear.
  • each of the mandrels includes a plurality of axial tangential planes, each of the cam members having a through sleeve hole, and the hole walls of each of the sleeve holes are provided with an axial abutment plane, the equiaxed shaft Abutting a plane (such as the cam member shown in FIGS.
  • each of the cam members having a through hole
  • each of the hole walls of the sleeve is provided with an axial abutting plane abutting the axial tangential plane, and at least two of the axial abutting planes have an angular phase with a non-zero value Poor; however, the cam member of the shifting device can be detachably fixed to the spindle.
  • the shaft members of the auxiliary cam members may also extend beyond the base and engage with other drive gears by splicing at least one driven gear; between the spindle and the cam member of the shifting device It is also impossible to splicing non-phase-adhesive stickers.
  • the plurality of internal gears are simultaneously actuated and supplemented by the plurality of auxiliary cam components to improve the accuracy and stability of the shifting device and to increase the service life of the shifting device.
  • the shifting device has excellent kinetic energy utilization and is quick and easy to disassemble and adjust components.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Chairs For Special Purposes, Such As Reclining Chairs (AREA)
  • Retarders (AREA)

Abstract

一种变速装置（1），包括：一外环部件（2），内部包括至少一外齿轮（21）；一心轴（3），与该至少一外齿轮（21）同轴地枢设于该外环部件（2），具有一中心轴线（30）且其外周设有复数凸轮结合部（31）；复数凸轮部件（5），分别可拆卸地套接于该复数凸轮结合部（31），与该心轴（3）同步转动，该复数凸轮部件（5）的至少其中二者具有一数值不为零的角度相位差；复数内齿轮（6），为刚性材质，分别套设于该复数凸轮部件（5）且不随该复数凸轮部件（5）转动，分别与该至少一外齿轮（21）部分啮合。

Description

变速装置 技术领域
本发明涉及机械设备技术领域，特别是一种变速装置。
背景技术
一般变速装置可调控一机构的加速或减速，主要是通过齿轮比来实现加速或减速，但要实现较大减速或加速比则变速装置的体积将相对增加，并不符合实际上的使用需求，所以在一特定体积下且拥有较大减速或加速比的变速装置因应而生。
然而，在一种已知变速装置中，复数凸轮部件直接固定于心轴上，如其中一凸轮故障或需调整该复数凸轮部件的数量时则需将该复数凸轮部件与心轴一并更换，并内外齿轮之间为面接触而具有较大磨擦，也影响动力的传递，另此类已知变速装置的凸轮部件与内齿轮之间具有间隙，且其内齿轮一般皆具有可挠性，因此此类已知变速装置的凸轮部件与内齿轮、内齿轮及外齿轮之间的作动，会因内齿轮刚性不足或无辅助作动的机构而力的转换效率不佳且精确度不足，存在亟待改善的缺弊。
因此，有必要提供一种新颖且具有进步性的变速装置，以解决上述的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种变速装置，可提高力的转换效率、作动精确度及稳定度，且拆装方便快速及可配合需求调整内部机构。
为实现上述目的，本发明采取以下技术方案：
本发明提供一种变速装置，包括：一外环部件，内部包括至少一外齿轮；一心轴，与该至少一外齿轮同轴地枢设于该外环部件，具有一中心轴线且其外周设有复数凸轮结合部；复数凸轮部件，分别可拆卸地套接于该复数凸轮结合部，与该心轴同步转动，该复数凸轮部件的至少其中二者具有一数值不为零的角度相位差；复数内齿轮，为刚性材质，分别套设于该复数凸轮部件且不随该复数凸轮部件转动，分别与该至少一外齿轮部分啮合。
所述各凸轮结合部包括至少一轴向切平面，所述各凸轮部件具有一贯穿且形状对应于该凸轮结合部的外形的套孔。
所述各凸轮部件包括一套接于其中一所述凸轮结合部的凸轮件及一套组于该凸轮件的内培林，各所述内齿轮套组于其中一所述内培林。
所述各凸轮件与相应的内培林的外形皆为正圆且相密贴套接。
所述心轴设有一轴向切平面，所述各凸轮部件具有一贯穿的套孔，各该套孔的孔壁设有一抵接所述轴向切平面的轴向抵接平面，该轴向抵接平面的至少其中二者具有一数值不为零的角度相位差。
所述的变速装置另包括复数辅助凸轮部件，各该辅助凸轮部件包括一枢设于所述外环部件的轴件、一同动地套接于所述轴件的辅助凸轮件及一套组于该辅助凸轮件的辅助培林，其中所述各内齿轮具有一套设于其中一所述凸轮部件的中心孔及复数设于该中心孔周围的穿孔，该复数辅助凸轮部件分别穿设于复数所述穿孔，各该穿孔套组于其中一所述辅助培林，相对于同一个内齿轮的复数辅助凸轮部件与凸轮部件的工作曲面具有相同朝向。
所述的变速装置另包括复数固接于所述外环部件的支柱，其中所述各内齿轮另贯设有复数设于所述中心孔周围的弧导槽，各该弧导槽套设于其中一所述支柱且二者之间存在环余隙。
所述外齿轮及所述内齿轮至少其中的一者的齿部为多圆弧齿，该多圆弧齿由复数个连续相连且具有相异曲率半径的圆弧所构成，该外齿轮与该内齿轮相啮合的各齿部皆为滑动切线接触。
所述各外齿轮环设有复数贯孔，各该外齿轮的外周面另径向地剖设有复数狭通槽，所述各贯孔与其中一所述狭通槽连通，所述复数内齿轮与所述外环部件之间形成有一间隙，该外环部件与所述复数凸轮部件之间另设有润滑物质。
所述各凸轮结合部包括四轴向切平面，该四轴向切平面两两径向相对，所述各凸轮部件具有一贯穿且形状对应于该凸轮结合部的外形的套孔；各该凸轮部件包括一套接于其中一该凸轮结合部的凸轮件及一套组于该凸轮件的内培林，所述各内齿轮套组于其中一所述内培林；各该凸 轮件与相应的内培林的外形皆为正圆且相密贴套接；所述外齿轮及该内齿轮至少其中的一者的齿部为多圆弧齿，该多圆弧齿由复数个连续相连且具有相异曲率半径的圆弧所构成，该外齿轮与该内齿轮相啮合的各齿部皆为滑动切线接触；各该凸轮件具有一贯穿的套孔，各该套孔的孔壁密贴套接于相应的凸轮结合部，各该套孔的孔壁设有四轴向抵接平面，该四轴向抵接平面抵接该四轴向切平面；该复数凸轮件等角距地套接于所述心轴；所述外环部件另包括二壳体、二基座及二基座培林，各该外齿轮环设有复数贯孔，复数销件穿设于部分所述贯孔且插设于所述二壳体，复数固紧件穿设于该二壳体及部分该贯孔，该至少一外齿轮夹设于该二壳体之间，所述二基座培林分别套设于所述二基座且位于该复数内齿轮的两侧，该二基座培林分别抵接于该二壳体与该至少一外齿轮之间，该心轴穿设过该至少一外齿轮、该二基座及该二基座培林，所述复数支柱可拆卸地与该二基座固接；该心轴与各该基座之间、各该基座与各该壳体之间、以及该二壳体之间另分别设有一止漏环；各该外齿轮的外周面径向地剖设有复数狭通槽，各该贯孔与其中一所述狭通槽连通；该复数内齿轮与各该基座之间形成有一间隙；该外环部件与该复数凸轮部件之间另设有润滑物质。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明的复数内齿轮同时作动并辅以该复数辅助凸轮部件，提高该变速装置的精准及稳定性，也提升了该变速装置的使用寿命。该变速装置具有极佳的动能利用率且拆装及调整零部件简单快速。
附图说明
图1为本发明第一实施例的立体图。
图2为本发明第一实施例的透视图。
图3为本发明第一实施例的分解图。
图4为本发明第一实施例的剖面示意图。
图5及图6为本发明第一实施例的多圆弧齿放大示意图。
图7为本发明第一实施例的剖面示意图。
图8为本发明第二实施例的剖面示意图。
图9及图10为本发明第三实施例的凸轮件示意图。
附图标号：1、1a：变速装置；2：外环部件；21、21a：外齿轮；22：贯孔；23：狭通槽；24：壳体；25：基座；26：基座培林；27：销件；28：固紧件；29a、29b、29c：止漏环；3、3a：心轴；30：中心轴线；31：凸轮结合部；32：轴向切平面；4：辅助凸轮部件；41：轴件；42：辅助凸轮件；43：辅助培林；5：凸轮部件；52、52c、52d：凸轮件；53、53c、53d：套孔；54：轴向抵接平面；55：内培林；6、6a：内齿轮；61：中心孔；62：穿孔；63：弧导槽；64：多圆弧齿；65：间隙；7：支柱；71：环余隙。
具体实施方式
以下仅以实施例说明本发明可能的实施态样，然并非用以限制本发明所欲保护的范畴，合先叙明。
请参考图1至7，其显示本发明的第一实施例，本发明的变速装置1包括一外环部件2、一心轴3、复数凸轮部件5及复数内齿轮6。
该外环部件2的内部包括至少一外齿轮21。该心轴3与该至少一外齿轮21同轴地枢设于该外环部件2，该心轴3具有一中心轴线30且其外周设有复数凸轮结合部31。该复数凸轮部件5分别可拆卸地套接于该复数凸轮结合部31，且与该心轴3同步转动，该复数凸轮部件5的至少其中二者具有一数值不为零的角度相位差。该复数内齿轮6为刚性材质并分别套设于该复数凸轮部件5且不随该复数凸轮部件5转动，该复数内齿轮6分别与该至少一外齿轮21部分啮合。藉此，该变速装置1的各该凸轮部件5为可拆卸的固定于该心轴3上，因此可单独更换各该凸轮部件5，可依据需求而装配为不同角度配置且可节省成本。并且，该复数内齿轮6同步地进行绕环摆动，且同时带动该至少一外齿轮21以减轻各该复数内齿轮6的承力并提高该变速装置1的转换效率、精确度及稳定度。
在本实施例中，该变速装置1另包括复数辅助凸轮部件4及复数固接于该外环部件2的支柱7。该支柱7可提高该变速装置1的整体稳固性及结构强度。各该辅助凸轮部件4包括一枢设于该外环部件2的轴件 41、一同动地套接于该轴件41的辅助凸轮件42及一套组于该辅助凸轮件42的辅助培林43，其中各该内齿轮6具有一套设于其中一该凸轮部件5的中心孔61及复数设于该中心孔61周围的穿孔62，该复数辅助凸轮部件4分别穿设于该复数穿孔62，各该穿孔62套组于其中一该辅助培林43，相对于同一个内齿轮6的复数辅助凸轮部件4与凸轮部件5的工作曲面具有相同朝向，藉此各该辅助凸轮部件4可助稳定该外齿轮21的作动且可提升力的传递。各该内齿轮6另贯设有复数设于该中心孔61周围的弧导槽63，各该弧导槽63套设于其中一该支柱7且二者之间存在环余隙71供使该内齿轮6作动顺畅。
在本实施例中，各该凸轮结合部31包括四个(至少一个即可)轴向切平面32，该四轴向切平面32两两径向相对，各该凸轮部件5较佳具有一贯穿且形状对应于该凸轮结合部31的外形的套孔53。各该凸轮部件5包括一套接于其中一该凸轮结合部31的凸轮件52及一套组于该凸轮件52的内培林55，各该内齿轮6套组于其中一该内培林55。各该凸轮件52与相应的内培林55的外形皆为正圆且相密贴套接使力可完整的被直接传递并增强结构强度使该凸轮件52及该内培林55不易损坏。该外齿轮21及该内齿轮6至少其中的一者的齿部为多圆弧齿64，较佳地该外齿轮21及该内齿轮6两者皆为多圆弧齿64，该多圆弧齿64由复数个连续相连且具有相异曲率半径的圆弧所构成，如此该外齿轮21与该内齿轮6相啮合的各齿部皆为滑动切线接触，藉此可降低摩擦。各该凸轮件52具有一贯穿的套孔53，各该套孔53的孔壁密贴套接于相应的凸轮结合部31，各该套孔53的孔壁设有四轴向抵接平面54，该四轴向抵接平面54抵接该四轴向切平面32以使该心轴3可带动该凸轮件52转动，且该复数凸轮件52等角距地(但不限)套接于该心轴3以使该等内齿轮6可平均的施力于该外齿轮21的不同角度位置。
在本实施例中，该外环部件2另包括二壳体24、二基座25及二基座培林26，各该外齿轮21环设有复数贯孔22，复数销件27穿设于部分该等贯孔22且插设于该二壳体24，复数固紧件28穿设于该二壳体24及部分该等贯孔22，该二外齿轮21夹设于该二壳体24之间，该二 基座培林26分别套设于该二基座25且位于该复数内齿轮6的两侧，该二基座培林26分别抵接于该二壳体24与该二外齿轮21之间，该心轴3穿设过该二外齿轮21、该二基座25及该二基座培林26，该复数支柱7可拆卸地与该二基座25固接以便于拆装，藉此，该二基座25可稳固的定位该变速装置1的内部结构。
在本实施例中，该心轴3与各该基座25之间、各该基座25与各该壳体24之间、以及该二壳体24之间另分别设有一止漏环29a、29b、29c。各该外齿轮21的外周面径向地剖设有复数狭通槽23，各该贯孔22与其中一该狭通槽23连通。该复数内齿轮6与各该基座25之间形成有一间隙65以降低摩擦。较佳地，该外环部件2与该复数凸轮部件5之间另设有润滑物质且流通于该变速装置1之内以降低各零组件之间的摩擦。该等止漏环可隔绝该变速装置1的内部与外部以防止该润滑物质漏出或异物进入。
在使用上，该心轴3转动并带动该凸轮部件5转动以使该内齿轮6以绕环摆动的方式作动于该外齿轮21，藉此该变速装置1不需额外的齿轮即具有较大的减速比，且该变速装置1的体积可控制在较小的范围以符合需求。如使该外齿轮21旋转以带动该内齿轮6进行绕环摆动并由该心轴3输出，则可得到具有较大加速比。
请参考图8的第二实施例，该变速装置1a可通过更换不同长度的心轴3a，内齿轮6a的数量及该外齿轮21a的轴向厚度(在其他实施例中也可视需求而调整该外齿轮的数量)并更好的平均该等内齿轮6a及该外齿轮21a的承力。
请参考图9及图10的第三实施例，该凸轮件52c的套孔53c及该凸轮件52d的套孔53d也可为不同径向长度方向及位置的配置，但使用上可使内齿轮与外齿轮稳定作动即可。
在其他实施例中，各该心轴的凸轮结合部包括复数轴向切平面，各该凸轮部件具有一贯穿的套孔，各该套孔的孔壁设有一轴向抵接平面，该等轴向抵接平面(如图9及图10所示的凸轮件)抵接于相异的轴向切平面；又或该变速装置的心轴设有一轴向切平面，各该凸轮部件具有 一贯穿的套孔，各该套孔的孔壁设有一抵接该轴向切平面的轴向抵接平面，该等轴向抵接平面的至少其中二者具有一数值不为零的角度相位差；但使该变速装置的凸轮部件可拆卸的固定于该心轴即可。
在其他实施例中，各等辅助凸轮部件的轴件也可延伸超过该基座并通过套接至少一从动齿轮的方式与其他主动齿轮啮合；该变速装置的心轴及凸轮部件之间可为非相密贴套接也无不可。
综上所述，该复数内齿轮同时作动并辅以该复数辅助凸轮部件，提高该变速装置的精准及稳定性，也提升了该变速装置的使用寿命。该变速装置具有极佳的动能利用率且拆装及调整零部件简单快速。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种变速装置，其特征在于，它包括：
    一外环部件，内部包括至少一外齿轮；
    一心轴，与该至少一外齿轮同轴地枢设于该外环部件，具有一中心轴线且其外周设有复数凸轮结合部；
    复数凸轮部件，分别可拆卸地套接于该复数凸轮结合部，与该心轴同步转动，该复数凸轮部件的至少其中二者具有一数值不为零的角度相位差；
    复数内齿轮，为刚性材质，分别套设于该复数凸轮部件且不随该复数凸轮部件转动，分别与该至少一外齿轮部分啮合。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的变速装置，其特征在于，所述各凸轮结合部包括至少一轴向切平面，所述各凸轮部件具有一贯穿且形状对应于该凸轮结合部的外形的套孔。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的变速装置，其特征在于，所述各凸轮部件包括一套接于其中一所述凸轮结合部的凸轮件及一套组于该凸轮件的内培林，各所述内齿轮套组于其中一所述内培林。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的变速装置，其特征在于，所述各凸轮件与相应的内培林的外形皆为正圆且相密贴套接。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的变速装置，其特征在于，所述心轴设有一轴向切平面，所述各凸轮部件具有一贯穿的套孔，各该套孔的孔壁设有一抵接所述轴向切平面的轴向抵接平面，该轴向抵接平面的至少其中二者具有一数值不为零的角度相位差。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的变速装置，其特征在于，另包括复数辅助凸轮部件，各该辅助凸轮部件包括一枢设于所述外环部件的轴件、一同动地套接于所述轴件的辅助凸轮件及一套组于该辅助凸轮件的辅助培林，其中所述各内齿轮具有一套设于其中一所述凸轮部件的中心孔及复数设于该中心孔周围的穿孔，该复数辅助凸轮部件分别穿设于复数所述穿孔，各该穿孔套组于其中一所述辅助培林，相对于同一个内齿轮的复数辅助凸轮部件与凸轮部件的工作曲面具有相同朝向。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的变速装置，其特征在于，另包括复数固接于所述外环部件的支柱，其中所述各内齿轮另贯设有复数设于所述中心孔周围的弧导槽，各该弧导槽套设于其中一所述支柱且二者之间存在环余隙。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的变速装置，其特征在于，所述外齿轮及所述内齿轮至少其中的一者的齿部为多圆弧齿，该多圆弧齿由复数个连续相连且具有相异曲率半径的圆弧所构成，该外齿轮与该内齿轮相啮合的各齿部皆为滑动切线接触。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的变速装置，其特征在于，所述各外齿轮环设有复数贯孔，各该外齿轮的外周面另径向地剖设有复数狭通槽，所述各贯孔与其中一所述狭通槽连通，所述复数内齿轮与所述外环部件之间形成有一间隙，该外环部件与所述复数凸轮部件之间另设有润滑物质。
  10. 如权利要求7所述的变速装置，其特征在于，所述各凸轮结合部包括四轴向切平面，该四轴向切平面两两径向相对，所述各凸轮部件具有一贯穿且形状对应于该凸轮结合部的外形的套孔；各该凸轮部件包括一套接于其中一该凸轮结合部的凸轮件及一套组于该凸轮件的内培林，所述各内齿轮套组于其中一所述内培林；各该凸轮件与相应的内培林的外形皆为正圆且相密贴套接；所述外齿轮及该内齿轮至少其中的一者的齿部为多圆弧齿，该多圆弧齿由复数个连续相连且具有相异曲率半径的圆弧所构成，该外齿轮与该内齿轮相啮合的各齿部皆为滑动切线接触；各该凸轮件具有一贯穿的套孔，各该套孔的孔壁密贴套接于相应的凸轮结合部，各该套孔的孔壁设有四轴向抵接平面，该四轴向抵接平面抵接该四轴向切平面；该复数凸轮件等角距地套接于所述心轴；所述外环部件另包括二壳体、二基座及二基座培林，各该外齿轮环设有复数贯孔，复数销件穿设于部分所述贯孔且插设于所述二壳体，复数固紧件穿设于该二壳体及部分该贯孔，该至少一外齿轮夹设于该二壳体之间，所述二基座培林分别套设于所述二基座且位于该复数内齿轮的两侧，该二基座培林分别抵接于该二壳体与该至少一外齿轮之间，该心轴穿设过该至少一外齿轮、该二基座及该二基座培林，所述复数支柱可拆卸地与该二基座固接；该心轴与各该基座之间、各该基座与各该壳体之间、以及该二壳体之间另分别设有一止漏环；各该外齿轮的外周面径向地剖设有复数狭通槽，各该贯孔与其中一所述狭通槽连通；该复数内齿轮与各该 基座之间形成有一间隙；该外环部件与该复数凸轮部件之间另设有润滑物质。
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