WO2017177853A1 - 一种极低污染物排放的催化无焰燃烧装置及燃烧方法 - Google Patents

一种极低污染物排放的催化无焰燃烧装置及燃烧方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017177853A1
WO2017177853A1 PCT/CN2017/079511 CN2017079511W WO2017177853A1 WO 2017177853 A1 WO2017177853 A1 WO 2017177853A1 CN 2017079511 W CN2017079511 W CN 2017079511W WO 2017177853 A1 WO2017177853 A1 WO 2017177853A1
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Prior art keywords
gas
combustion chamber
flameless combustion
chamber
inlet
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PCT/CN2017/079511
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English (en)
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李为臻
陈志强
张景才
吴春田
张涛
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics of CAS
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Priority to EP17781829.1A priority Critical patent/EP3444530B1/en
Priority to RU2018139863A priority patent/RU2721077C2/ru
Priority to KR1020187032035A priority patent/KR102232434B1/ko
Priority to JP2018554030A priority patent/JP6674045B2/ja
Priority to US16/093,932 priority patent/US10859261B2/en
Priority to CA3021148A priority patent/CA3021148C/en
Publication of WO2017177853A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017177853A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F23C3/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber having an elongated tubular form, e.g. for a radiant tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
    • F23C13/02—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material characterised by arrangements for starting the operation, e.g. for heating the catalytic material to operating temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C13/00—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material
    • F23C13/08—Apparatus in which combustion takes place in the presence of catalytic material characterised by the catalytic material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/18—Radiant burners using catalysis for flameless combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2700/00—Special arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluent fuel
    • F23C2700/02—Combustion apparatus using liquid fuel
    • F23C2700/023—Combustion apparatus using liquid fuel without pre-vaporising means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2700/00—Special arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluent fuel
    • F23C2700/04—Combustion apparatus using gaseous fuel
    • F23C2700/046—Combustion apparatus using gaseous fuel generating heat by heating radiant bodies
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/13001—Details of catalytic combustors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/102—Flame diffusing means using perforated plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/103—Flame diffusing means using screens
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/104—Grids, e.g. honeycomb grids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/105—Porous plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a fuel combustion apparatus and a combustion method, and more particularly to a fuel flameless combustion apparatus and a combustion method for extremely low nitrogen oxide emissions.
  • Air pollutants are mainly derived from the burning of various fossil fuels. Compared with coal and fuel oil, natural gas combustion process produces significantly lower pollutants such as dust and sulfur dioxide, which is a cleaner fuel, but emits carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). The amount is still on the same order of magnitude.
  • CO carbon monoxide
  • HC hydrocarbons
  • NOx nitrogen oxides
  • the existing gas boilers are all equipped with conventional burners. According to the results of sample surveys conducted by relevant departments, more than 85% of the gas boilers have a NOx value of 150 mg/m3 or more.
  • China's environmental protection regulations have higher and higher requirements for the emission standards of these pollutants.
  • Combustion can be divided into two categories based on the presence or absence of visible flames: flame combustion and flameless combustion.
  • Flame combustion is essentially an oxidation reaction of gas under the participation of free radicals. This combustion method naturally has the following two problems: 1) Incomplete combustion produces formaldehyde, carbon monoxide (CO) and other toxic and harmful gases, and fuel utilization rate. Low; 2) Combustion under high temperature and rich oxygen conditions leads to a large amount of thermal NOx formation.
  • Flame combustion technology mainly includes traditional diffusion combustion technology, staged combustion technology (also known as rich and light combustion technology), flue gas recycling technology, and lean burn premixed combustion technology. Conventional diffusion combustion produces a distinct flame surface. The temperature is too high, and a large amount of NOx is generated.
  • the temperature gradient is large, the combustion is uneven, and the incomplete combustion products are many.
  • the staged combustion is divided into fuel classification and air classification to form a low-temperature flame. Surface, can reduce NOx formation, small temperature gradient, less incomplete combustion products; flue gas recirculation is to re-enter external flue gas or internal flue gas into the combustion area, use flue gas to absorb heat and reduce oxygen concentration, so that burning speed and furnace.
  • the internal temperature is lowered to reduce the NOx formation, but the excessive flue gas increases the heat loss of the exhaust gas; the lean-burn premixed combustion completely mixes a large amount of air with a small amount of gas at the molecular level before ignition, and organizes the swirling combustion process, the flame temperature Relatively low, the amount of NOx generated is small.
  • Flameless combustion includes catalytic combustion technology and high temperature air combustion technology.
  • Catalytic combustion refers to the addition of a catalyst at the inlet of the burner to cause the fuel molecules and oxidant molecules to react on the surface of the catalyst. It is often used for the combustion purification process of combustibles below the ignition concentration of the fuel, rather than the combustion of high concentration gas to heat; high temperature air Combustion means that the reactants exceed the autoignition temperature by preheating the air, and the combustion reaction is dispersed in a wide area without a local high temperature zone, so the NOx emissions are low.
  • the catalytic burner generally adopts a downstream structure, that is, the catalytic combustion reaction occurs when the fuel gas and the combustion gas flow through the catalyst layer, and then does not return after flowing through the catalyst layer; the flameless burner used in the high-temperature air combustion technology is also adopted.
  • Flow-type structure high-temperature premixed gas spontaneously ignites in a wide hollow combustion chamber, and the gas flows downstream after combustion discharge.
  • This downstream structure tends to cause lateral diffusion of gas molecules to be limited by the degree of gas premixing and gas flow rate, and higher concentrations of various contaminants are still present in the combustion products.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a catalytic flameless combustion device and a combustion method with extremely low pollutant emission, which realizes catalytic flameless combustion of various gas or vaporized fuels at kilowatt and megawatt power, high combustion efficiency and pollutant emission.
  • the concentration is as low as 1 ppm or less.
  • the catalytic flameless combustion device of the present invention comprises a hollow cylinder sealed at the lower end of the upper end opening, and at least one gas inlet and at least one fuel inlet are provided at the lower or bottom end of the cylinder, and the gas is assisted in the middle and lower portions of the cylinder.
  • a gas premixer is arranged above the inlet and the fuel inlet, and a combustion plate is arranged above the gas premixer, a gap is formed between the bottom end of the cylinder body and the combustion plate to form a gas premixing chamber, and the gas premixer is placed in the gas premixing chamber
  • An igniter is disposed above the combustion plate, and a gas deflector is disposed at an upper open end of the cylinder, and the gas deflector is a hollow cylindrical conduit open at the upper and lower ends, and the lower open end of the tubular conduit and the hollow cylinder
  • the upper open end is hermetically connected, and a flameless combustion chamber is arranged above the gas deflector, and the flameless combustion chamber is a hollow container sealed at the upper end of the lower end opening, and the upper open end of the gas deflector and the lower open end of the flameless combustion chamber Relatively disposed, that is, the upper open end of the gas deflector is placed below the lower open end of the flameless combustion chamber, in the same
  • the gas is uniformly mixed in the premixing chamber, and the burning plate is a plate-like structure provided with pores or through holes penetrating the upper and lower surfaces of the plate body through which the premixed gas passes, and the holes or through holes may be round and square.
  • the igniter may be an ignition needle and/or an electric heating wire; the gas premixer and the combustion plate are both fixed to the inner wall surface of the hollow cylinder, the catalyst is placed in the flameless combustion chamber, and the inner wall of the flameless combustion chamber is Support on the upper bracket The catalyst can fill part or all of the flameless combustion chamber, and can fully contact the gas that completely enters the flameless combustion chamber through the outlet of the gas deflector. The open end of the gas deflector is connected to the upper open end of the gas premixing chamber, and the gas is diverted.
  • the area of the upper open end of the device as the outlet may be greater than, equal to or smaller than the area of the gas premixing chamber as the upper open end of the outlet, and the gas deflector outlet may be one or more of a circular shape, a square shape or the like.
  • the gas deflector outlet may be one or two or more through holes, and the gas deflector outlet direction is opposite to the flameless combustion chamber as the lower open end of the inlet, and the gas deflector outlet size is smaller than the flameless in any direction.
  • the inlet size of the combustion chamber, the gas deflector outlet and the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber are projected along any plane in the direction of the gas flow, and the projection of the outlet of the gas deflector is located in the projection area of the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber, and the cross sectional area of the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber (the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the direction of the inlet gas flow) is 1.01-20 times the cross-sectional area of the outlet of the deflector 7 (the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the direction of the outlet gas flow), and the gas deflector outlet can Extend into the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber, or it can be flush with it or leave a distance away.
  • the distance to leave must ensure that the gas flowing out from the gas deflector outlet can completely enter the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber, and the gas deflector outlet section can be Is a flat or non-planar, flameless combustion chamber is a cavity open at one end, the cavity may be a hemispherical or arbitrarily shaped cavity with only one end open, and the flameless combustion chamber as a lower open end of the inlet may be circular or One or more of his shapes, the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber may be one or two or more through holes, and the size of the opening in either direction is larger than the size of the outlet of the gas deflector in the same direction, that is, no
  • the projection of the flame combustion chamber inlet in the direction of the airflow completely covers the projection of the gas deflector outlet in the direction, and the inlet section of the flameless combustion chamber may be planar or non-planar, and further includes a plenum, and the plenum is a hollow container having an exhaust port thereon, the gas collecting chamber en
  • the outer wall surface of the hollow container is tightly connected; the flameless combustion chamber is located in the gas collecting chamber, and a gap is left between the wall of the gas collecting chamber and the outer wall surface of the flameless combustion chamber, and the cross-sectional area of the gap is 1 of the cross-sectional area of the gas deflector outlet. More than double, the exhaust gas after combustion can be collected and discharged through the exhaust port, the exhaust port can be installed at any position of the gas collection chamber, or more than two or more can be installed in more than two locations of the gas collection chamber.
  • the exhaust port and the cross-sectional area of the exhaust port are more than 1 times the cross-sectional area of the gas deflector outlet (the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the direction of the outlet gas flow), and are in the flameless combustion chamber and on the outer wall surface of the flameless combustion chamber.
  • a heat exchange device may be installed at one or more locations in the gas collection chamber and the gas collection outdoor wall surface, and the heat exchange device may be one of a shell-and-tube type, a fin type or a plate heat exchanger or the like. Two or more.
  • the combustion method of the present invention comprises controlling the air-fuel ratio of the gas and the combustion-gas premixed into the gas premixing chamber through the fuel inlet and the assist gas inlet to be 1.01-2.5, which is used according to those known to those skilled in the art.
  • the tempering line speed of the fuel and the speed of the misfiring line, the line speed of the premixed gas is adjusted between the tempering line speed and the line speed of the igniting line.
  • the flameless combustion chamber and the catalyst filled therein are heated to red heat or Above 600 degrees, then increase the premixed gas line speed to above the defibrillation line speed to extinguish the flame, and let the premixed gas continue to flameless combustion on the flameless combustion chamber and the catalyst filled therein, and the airflow reaches the bottom of the combustion chamber.
  • the high-temperature exhaust gas is collected by the gas collection chamber, and after being exchanged by the heat exchanger, it is discharged from the exhaust port, and the combustion products are carbon dioxide and/or water vapor, harmful substances such as carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon.
  • the compound (HC) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emission concentrations are less than 1 ppm, respectively, and the gas introduced into the combustion gas inlet is air, oxygen, and other oxygen content other than air is 1-99.9 vol%.
  • the oxygen-containing gas mixture, the gas introduced into the fuel inlet is a gaseous fuel, a misty liquid fuel, and one or more of non-combustible gases such as air and nitrogen are diluted to a final concentration of 0.1-99.9 vol% of the above gaseous state.
  • a fuel and a misty liquid fuel is one or more of natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, and the like
  • the misty liquid fuel is one or more of gasoline, diesel, and the like.
  • the catalyst comprises a porous refractory material and a metal oxide active component
  • the porous refractory material may be one or more of ceramic, quartz, and spinel in a fibrous, granular, honeycomb or other gas permeable shape.
  • the metal oxide active component may be aluminum oxide, cerium oxide, magnesium oxide, cerium oxide, titanium oxide, iron oxide, manganese oxide, silicon oxide,
  • the present invention describes a method for a catalytic flameless combustion apparatus for initiating very low pollutant emissions, comprising initially heating a flameless combustion chamber and a catalyst filled therein with low power flame combustion, and then increasing the flow rate to a large Power catalyzed flameless combustion.
  • the catalytic flameless combustion device disclosed by the invention can be used for the combustion and heat extraction process of non-solid fuels such as various gaseous and misty liquids, and according to the combustion method, the flameless combustion can be catalyzed under the power of kilowatts and megawatts, and the beneficial effects are obtained.
  • the fuel is completely burned, the combustion efficiency is high, and the emissions of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides in the combustion exhaust gas are all less than 1ppm. It is characterized by high efficiency, energy saving, environmental protection, safety, simple structure and good stability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a catalytic flameless combustion apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the single dashed arrow in the figure represents the air flow direction
  • the single solid arrow represents the gas flow direction
  • the double dashed arrow represents the premixed airflow direction
  • the double solid arrow represents the smoke flow direction.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a catalytic flameless combustion apparatus with a heat exchanger in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the single dashed arrow in the figure represents the air flow direction
  • the single solid arrow represents the gas flow direction
  • the double dashed arrow represents the premixed airflow direction
  • the double solid arrow represents the smoke flow direction.
  • Embodiment 1 as shown in FIG. 1, a catalytic flameless combustion apparatus comprising a hollow cylindrical body sealed at a lower end of an upper end opening, the bottom end of the cylindrical body being provided with a gas-assisting gas inlet 1 and a fuel inlet 2
  • a gas premixer 3 is disposed above the middle and lower combustion gas inlets 1 and 2 of the cylinder body, and a combustion plate 5 is disposed above the gas premixer 3, and a gap is formed between the bottom end of the cylinder body and the combustion plate 5.
  • the gas premixing chamber 4, the gas premixer 3 is placed in the gas premixing chamber 4, and an igniter 6 is arranged above the burning plate 5, and the upper end of the cylindrical body is provided with a gas deflector 7, a gas deflector 7 a hollow cylindrical conduit opening at the upper and lower ends, the lower open end of the cylindrical conduit is tightly connected to the upper open end of the hollow cylinder, and the flameless combustion chamber 8 is disposed above the gas deflector 7, and the flameless combustion is performed.
  • the cavity 8 is a hollow cylindrical container whose upper end is closed at the lower end, and the upper open end of the gas deflector 7 is disposed opposite to the lower open end of the flameless combustion chamber 8, and the upper open end of the gas deflector 7 is from the flameless combustion chamber 8
  • the lower open end extends into the flameless combustion chamber 8, and is filled in the upper middle portion of the flameless combustion chamber 8
  • the flammable combustion chamber 8 is fixedly connected to the hollow container of the plenum 11 through the fixing bracket 10.
  • the plenum 11 is a hollow container, and the exhaust port 12 is disposed thereon, and the plenum 11 is flameless.
  • the lower open end of the combustion chamber 8 is wrapped inside the hollow chamber therein.
  • the hollow cylinder has a diameter of 100 mm
  • the combustion gas inlet 1 enters the air
  • the fuel inlet 2 enters the natural gas
  • the gas premixer 3 is a cordierite ceramic having a mesh size of 200 mesh, and has a thickness of 25.4 mm, so that the gas is premixed.
  • the chamber 4 is uniformly mixed
  • the combustion plate 5 is a cordierite ceramic having a mesh size of 400 mesh.
  • the thickness of the combustion plate is 25.4 mm.
  • the igniter 6 can ignite the premixed gas passing through the combustion plate 5, and the outlet of the gas deflector 7 is round.
  • the outlet direction of the gas deflector 7 is opposite to the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber 8, the diameter of the outlet of the gas deflector 7 is 60 mm, and the cross-sectional area of the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber 8 is 1.8 times the cross-sectional area of the outlet of the deflector 7.
  • the outlet of the deflector 7 extends into the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber 8 by 10 mm, the outlet of the gas deflector 7 is a flat section, and the flameless combustion chamber 8 is a cylindrical cavity open at one end, the depth is 60 mm, and the flameless combustion chamber 8
  • the inlet is a circle with a diameter of 80 mm, and the catalyst 9 is placed at no
  • the flame combustion chamber 8 is supported by a bracket on the inner wall of the flameless combustion chamber 8.
  • the catalyst is filled with a 70% flameless combustion chamber volume, and is in full contact with the gas that completely enters the flameless combustion chamber 8 through the outlet of the gas deflector 7.
  • the catalyst 9 comprises a porous ceramic material and a metal oxide active component having a mass fraction of 40%
  • the fixing bracket 10 fixes the flameless combustion chamber 8 at a position near the outlet of the deflector 7, and can be connected with the plenum 11 or the diversion Other parts such as a premixing chamber are connected, and the plenum 11 collects the exhaust gas after combustion and discharges through the exhaust port 12, and the exhaust port 12 can be installed at the top of the plenum 11 with a cross-sectional area of the exhaust gas.
  • the outlet 7 is 2 times the cross-sectional area of the outlet.
  • the combustion gas is flushed with the gas stream after the fuel gas inlet 1 enters and the fuel gas enters the fuel inlet 2 to increase the mixing effect of the combustion gas and the fuel gas stream in the premixing chamber 4 after passing through the premixer 3,
  • the combustion plate 5 has a gas hole of 1 mm
  • the igniter 6 is an ignition needle
  • the flow guiding port 7 extends into the flameless combustion chamber 8 by 15 mm
  • the gap area between the flow guiding port 7 and the flameless combustion chamber 8 is 2.2 of the cross-sectional area of the air guiding port 7.
  • the gap area between the gas collecting chamber and the flameless combustion chamber 8 is 2.5 times the cross-sectional area of the air guiding port 7.
  • a catalytic flameless combustion apparatus with a heat exchanger comprising a hollow cylindrical body sealed at the lower end of the upper end opening, the bottom end of the cylindrical body is provided with a gas-injecting inlet 1 and a fuel inlet 2 is provided with a gas premixer 3 above the middle and lower combustion gas inlet 1 and the fuel inlet 2 of the cylinder body, and a combustion plate 5 is arranged above the gas premixer 3, and the bottom end of the cylinder body and the combustion plate 5 A gap is formed between the gas premixing chamber 4, and the gas premixer 3 is placed in the gas premixing chamber 4.
  • An igniter 6 is disposed above the combustion plate 5, and a gas deflector 7 is disposed at the upper open end of the cylinder.
  • the gas deflector 7 is a hollow cylindrical conduit that is open at the upper and lower ends. The lower open end of the cylindrical conduit is hermetically connected to the upper open end of the hollow cylinder, and flameless combustion is provided above the gas deflector 7.
  • the cavity 8, the flameless combustion chamber 8 is a hollow hemispherical container whose upper end is closed at the lower end, and the upper open end of the gas deflector 7 is disposed opposite to the lower open end of the flameless combustion chamber 8, and the upper open end of the gas deflector 7 Extending from the lower open end of the flameless combustion chamber 8 into the flameless combustion chamber 8, in the flameless combustion chamber 8
  • the upper portion is filled with a catalyst 9, and the flameless combustion chamber 8 is fixedly connected to the hollow container where the plenum 11 is located through the fixing bracket 10.
  • the plenum 11 is a hollow container, and the exhaust port 12 is disposed thereon, and the plenum 11 will be
  • the lower open end of the flameless combustion chamber 8 is wrapped inside the hollow cavity, and a fin-type heat exchange device is installed above the flameless combustion chamber 8 in the plenum 11 and on the outer wall surface of the plenum 11 by using water
  • the heat transfer fluid causes water to enter from the heat transfer fluid inlet 14 and exits from the heat transfer fluid outlet 15 after heat exchange by the finned heat exchanger.
  • the hollow cylinder has a diameter of 80 mm
  • the combustion gas inlet 1 is in the air
  • the fuel inlet 2 is in the natural gas
  • the gas premixer 3 is a cordierite ceramic having a mesh size of 200 mm, and the thickness is 12 mm, so that the gas is in the premixing chamber. 4 is uniformly mixed
  • the combustion plate 5 is a cordierite ceramic with a mesh number of 300 mesh
  • the thickness of the combustion plate is 20 mm.
  • the igniter 6 can ignite the premixed gas passing through the combustion plate 5, and the outlet of the gas deflector 7 is circular.
  • the outlet direction of the gas deflector 7 is opposite to the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber 8, the diameter of the outlet of the gas deflector 7 is 50 mm, and the cross-sectional area of the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber 8 is 1.5 times the cross-sectional area of the outlet of the deflector 7.
  • the outlet of the flow device 7 extends into the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber 8 by 5 mm, the outlet of the gas deflector 7 is a flat surface, and the flameless combustion chamber 8 is a hemispherical cavity with an open end, the depth is 40 mm, and the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber 8 is
  • the catalyst has a diameter of 70 mm and the catalyst 9 is placed in the flameless combustion chamber 8 and is fixed by the bracket on the inner wall of the flameless combustion chamber 8.
  • the catalyst is filled with a 60% flameless combustion chamber volume, and the gas deflector 7 can be used.
  • the gas exiting the flameless combustion chamber 8 is fully contacted, and the catalyst 9 contains The porous ceramic material and the metal oxide active component having a mass fraction of 30%, the fixing bracket 10 fixes the flameless combustion chamber 8 at a position near the outlet of the deflector 7, and can be premixed with the plenum 11 or the deflector
  • the chamber and other parts are connected, and the plenum 11 collects the exhaust gas after combustion, flows through the finned heat exchanger 13, and is exchanged by the heat transfer fluid entering and exiting through the heat transfer fluid inlet 14 and the outlet 15, and then discharged through the exhaust port 12.
  • the exhaust port 12 may be installed at the top of the plenum 11 with a cross-sectional area twice the cross-sectional area of the outlet of the gas deflector 7.
  • Embodiment 3 a kilowatt-class natural gas catalytic flameless combustion device with a rated thermal power of 20 KW, adopting the structure shown in FIG. 2, the diameter of the hollow cylinder is 70 mm, and the gas inlet 1 is a stainless steel tube with an inner diameter of 40 mm, and the gas is assisted.
  • the gas inlet 2 is not 9 mm inside diameter.
  • the rust steel pipe the gas is a gas flow controlled natural gas (methane) controlled by a solenoid valve
  • the gas premixer 3 is a cordierite ceramic having a mesh size of 200 mesh, and has a thickness of 12 mm, so that the gas is uniformly mixed in the premixing chamber 4, and the burning plate 5 is a cordierite ceramic with a mesh number of 300 mesh, the thickness of the burning plate is 20 mm
  • the premixing chamber 4 is a stainless steel tube having an inner diameter of 65 mm
  • the gas deflector 7 is a ring connected to the inner wall of the premixing chamber 4, and the upward tilting angle is 75 degrees
  • the outlet diameter is 50mm
  • the outlet of the deflector 7 extends into the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber 8 5mm
  • the outlet of the gas deflector 7 is a plane
  • the flameless combustion chamber 8 is a hemispherical cavity with one end open, the depth is 40mm
  • the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber 8 is
  • the catalyst 9 contains a porous ceramic material and a metal oxide active component having a mass fraction of 30%, and the heat exchanger 13 is placed in the set.
  • the upper part of the gas chamber 11, the heat transfer fluid is water, row A stainless steel tube having an inner diameter opening of 70mm.
  • the methane flow rate is controlled at 7 L/min during ignition, the air is 80 L/min, that is, the air coefficient is 1.20, the linear velocity is 0.5 m/s, and the thermal power is about 4.6 KW, in which the low-power flame is burned.
  • the CO, HC and NOx emission values are all 0 (detector resolution is 1ppm).
  • the combustion chamber and the catalyst can reach red heat.
  • the air coefficient is kept at 1.20, and the methane flow rate is increased within 1 minute.
  • the air is increased to 345L/min, that is, the linear velocity is 2.0m/s, and the thermal power reaches 20KW.
  • the CO, HC and NOx emission values are all 0 (detection)
  • the resolution is 1ppm
  • continuous combustion for 3 hours CO, HC and NOx emissions are always 0.
  • the beneficial effects can be achieved that the fuel is completely combusted, the heat exchange efficiency is more than 95%, and the pollutant CO, HC and NOx emission values are obtained. It is 0 (less than 1 ppm).
  • Embodiment 4 a kilowatt-class natural gas catalytic flameless combustion device with a rated thermal power of 80 KW, adopting the structure shown in FIG. 2, the hollow cylinder has a diameter of 150 mm, and the combustion gas inlet 1 is a stainless steel pipe with an inner diameter of 100 mm, and the gas is assisted.
  • the gas inlet 2 is a stainless steel tube with an inner diameter of 30 mm
  • the gas is a gas flow controlled natural gas (methane) controlled by a solenoid valve
  • the gas premixer 3 has a mesh number of 200.
  • the cordierite ceramics have a thickness of 25.4 mm, so that the gas is uniformly mixed in the premixing chamber 4.
  • the burning plate 5 is a cordierite ceramic with a mesh number of 300 mesh, the thickness of the burning plate is 40 mm, and the premixing chamber 4 is a stainless steel having an inner diameter of 150 mm.
  • Tube the gas deflector 7 is a ring connected to the inner wall of the premixing chamber 4, the upward inclination angle is 75 degrees, the outlet diameter is 100 mm, and the outlet of the deflector 7 extends into the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber 8 20 mm, gas guiding
  • the outlet section of the device 7 is a flat surface, and the flameless combustion chamber 8 is a hemispherical cavity with an opening at a depth of 60 mm.
  • the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber 8 is a circular shape having a diameter of 160 mm, and the catalyst 9 is placed in the flameless combustion chamber 8. And by the inner wall of the flameless combustion chamber 8 The support is fixed, and the catalyst is filled with a 70% flameless combustion chamber volume, which can be in full contact with the gas completely entering the flameless combustion chamber 8 through the outlet of the gas deflector 7.
  • the catalyst 9 contains a porous ceramic material and a mass fraction of 50%.
  • the metal oxide active component, the heat exchanger 13 is placed in the upper half of the gas collection chamber 11, the heat transfer fluid is water, and the exhaust port is a stainless steel tube having an inner diameter of 120 mm.
  • the methane flow rate is 14 L/min when the ignition is performed, the air is 160 L/min, that is, the air coefficient is 1.20, the linear velocity is 0.35 m/s, and the thermal power is about 9.3 KW, under the low-power flame combustion condition.
  • the CO, HC and NOx emission values are all 0 (detector resolution is 1ppm).
  • the combustion chamber and the catalyst can reach red heat.
  • the air coefficient is kept at 1.20, and the methane flow rate is increased within 1 minute.
  • the air is increased to 1380L/min, that is, the linear velocity is 3.2m/s, and the thermal power reaches 80KW.
  • the CO, HC and NOx emission values are all 0 (detection)
  • the resolution is 1ppm
  • continuous combustion for 2 hours CO, HC and NOx emissions are always 0.
  • the beneficial effects can be achieved that the fuel is completely burned, the heat exchange efficiency is more than 95%, and the pollutant CO, HC and NOx emission values are obtained. It is 0 (less than 1 ppm).
  • Embodiment 5 a megawatt natural gas catalytic flameless combustion device with a rated thermal power of 1.2 megawatts, consisting of 15 The individual 80 kW catalytic flameless burners described in Group Example 4 were combined.
  • Embodiment 6 is a megawatt-class natural gas catalytic flameless combustion device with a rated thermal power of 2.1 MW.
  • the structure shown in FIG. 2 is adopted, the diameter of the hollow cylinder is 400 mm, and the gas inlet 1 is a stainless steel tube having an inner diameter of 200 mm.
  • the gas is the air with adjustable air volume provided by the continuously variable blower.
  • the gas inlet 2 is a stainless steel tube with an inner diameter of 60 mm, the gas is a gas flow controlled natural gas (methane) controlled by a solenoid valve, and the gas premixer 3 is a mesh.
  • the cordierite ceramic with a number of 200 mesh has a thickness of 50 mm, so that the gas is uniformly mixed in the premixing chamber 4.
  • the burning plate 5 is a cordierite ceramic having a mesh size of 400 mesh, the thickness of the burning plate is 60 mm, and the inner diameter of the premixing chamber 4 is 400 mm.
  • the stainless steel tube, the gas deflector 7 is a ring connected to the inner wall of the premixing chamber 4, the upward inclination angle is 75 degrees, the outlet diameter is 350 mm, and the outlet of the deflector 7 extends into the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber 8 by 100 mm, the gas
  • the outlet section of the deflector 7 is a flat surface, and the flameless combustion chamber 8 is a hemispherical cavity open at one end with a depth of 360 mm, the inlet of the flameless combustion chamber 8 is a circular shape having a diameter of 550 mm, and the catalyst 9 is placed in the flameless combustion chamber 8 Inside and by the flameless combustion chamber 8
  • the upper bracket is fixed and the catalyst is filled with a 60% flameless combustion chamber volume, which can be in full contact with the gas completely entering the flameless
  • the catalyst 9 contains a porous ceramic material and has a mass fraction of 50%.
  • the metal oxide active component, the heat exchanger 13 is placed in the upper half of the gas collection chamber 11, the heat transfer fluid is water, and the exhaust port is a stainless steel tube having an inner diameter of 240 mm.
  • the terms “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “upper”, “lower”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outer”, “flow direction” The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for the convenience of the description of the invention and the simplified description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to has a specific orientation. The specific orientation and operation are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
PCT/CN2017/079511 2016-04-14 2017-04-06 一种极低污染物排放的催化无焰燃烧装置及燃烧方法 Ceased WO2017177853A1 (zh)

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EP17781829.1A EP3444530B1 (en) 2016-04-14 2017-04-06 Catalysis flameless combustion device and combustion method producing extremely-low pollutant emission
RU2018139863A RU2721077C2 (ru) 2016-04-14 2017-04-06 Устройство для каталитического беспламенного сжигания с чрезвычайно малым выбросом загрязняющих веществ и способ сжигания
KR1020187032035A KR102232434B1 (ko) 2016-04-14 2017-04-06 오염물 배출이 최소화된 촉매 무화염 연소장치 및 연소방법
JP2018554030A JP6674045B2 (ja) 2016-04-14 2017-04-06 汚染物質の排出が１ｐｐｍより低い触媒式無炎燃焼装置及び燃焼方法
US16/093,932 US10859261B2 (en) 2016-04-14 2017-04-06 Catalytic flameless combustion apparatus with extremely low pollutant emission and combustion method
CA3021148A CA3021148C (en) 2016-04-14 2017-04-06 Catalytic flameless combustion apparatus with extremely low polluant emission and combustion method

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CN112682792A (zh) * 2019-10-17 2021-04-20 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 燃烧器及燃气热水器
CN114370636A (zh) * 2021-12-13 2022-04-19 中氢新能技术有限公司 一种无焰燃烧室的半边排布式催化剂结构
CN118089026A (zh) * 2024-01-24 2024-05-28 三碳(安徽)科技研究院有限公司 一种防爆低氮氧化物的部分预混燃烧器

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CN112682792A (zh) * 2019-10-17 2021-04-20 芜湖美的厨卫电器制造有限公司 燃烧器及燃气热水器
CN114370636A (zh) * 2021-12-13 2022-04-19 中氢新能技术有限公司 一种无焰燃烧室的半边排布式催化剂结构
CN118089026A (zh) * 2024-01-24 2024-05-28 三碳(安徽)科技研究院有限公司 一种防爆低氮氧化物的部分预混燃烧器

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RU2018139863A (ru) 2020-05-14
RU2018139863A3 (enExample) 2020-05-14
CA3021148C (en) 2021-02-23
US20190107278A1 (en) 2019-04-11
EP3444530B1 (en) 2025-09-17
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EP3444530A4 (en) 2019-12-11
RU2721077C2 (ru) 2020-05-15
KR20180133456A (ko) 2018-12-14
CA3021148A1 (en) 2017-10-19
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